DR. JOSE R. REYES MEMORIAL MEDICAL CENTER intracranial hemorrhage.

SUBJECT: BIOCHEM
PLEASE ENCIRCLE THE LETTER OF THE CORRECT 4. What is the rate limiting enzyme of ketogenesis?
ANSWER AND STRICTLY NO ERASURE. A. HMG-CoA synthase


1. Hydrolysis of sucrose yields: B. HMG-CoA reductase


A. glucose + fructose C. HMG-CoA lyase
B. glucose + galactose D. HMG-CoA transferase
= lactose E. All of the above
C. glucose + glucose HMG CoA reductase is the rate limiting enzyme for
=can be maltose, isomaltose, cholesterol synthesis.
or cellobiose depending on the bond
D. glucose + mannose 5. The quaternary structure of a protein refers to
the:
A. Amino acid sequence of the polypeptide
B. Local conformation such as alpha helix or beta
pleated sheet
C. Three- dimensional conformation of a
polypeptide
D. Spatial arrangement of subunits in a protein
containing more than once polypeptide chain

6. Which of these lipids function as a precursor of

prostaglandins?
A. Oleic acid
B. Docsahexaenoic acid
C. Eicosapentaenoic acid
2. Glutathione is an important molecule for the D. Arachidonic acid
clearance of free radicals in the body. It consists of 7. Which of the following coenzymes is derived
only 3 amino acids. Which of the following from a vitamin?
polypeptides is the primary structure of A. Tetrahydrobiopterin
glutathione? B. Coenzyme A
C. Lipoic acid
A. Glutamyl – cysteinyl – glycine

D. Ubiquinone
B. Glutamine – cysteinyl – glycine

C. Glutamine – threonyl – methionine 8. The following statements are true regarding the
D. Glutamine – cysteinyl – methionine active site of an enzyme, EXCEPT:
E. None of the above A. Substrate is bound to the active site by
Remember the 3 amino acids which make up multiple covalent interactions
Glutathione. The most important amino acid is B. The structure of the active site is described as a
cysteine which contains the active -SH group. three-dimensional cleft
Source: Harper 27th ed p. 19 C. Binding of the substrate depends on the specific
arrangement of atoms within the active site
3. A neonate, born at home, with no newborn care D. The active site comprises only a small portion of
administered is rushed to the ER for heavy the structure of the enzyme
bleeding from the umbilical stump and recent
onset generalized seizures. What vitamin 9. Antifolate drugs (example 5FU) are used in
deficiency is responsible for this? cancer chemotherapy by:
A. Vitamin A
 A. Inhibiting synthesis of DNA
B. Alkylating bases in DNA
B. Vitamin D
 C. Intercalating double stranded DNA
C. Vitamin E
 D. Denaturing DNA

D. Vitamin K
 10. Which enzyme of the citric acid cycle utilizes

E. Vitamin C FAS as a coenzyme?
This is a classic case of hemorrhagic disease of the A. Isocitrate dehydrogenase
newborn. They can present with seizures for B. Succinate dehydrogenase
C. Malate dehydrogenase
11. The activity of most enzymes may be regulated
by phosphorylation leading to activation or
inactivation. This mode of regulation is called:
A. Induction
B. Allosteric inhibition
C. Covalent modification
12. The catecholamines, epinephrine,
norepinephrine and dopamine are derived from
this amino acid:
A. Tryptophan
B. Serine
C. Tyrosine
D. Methionine
13. Cushing’s syndrome, a metabolic disorder
affecting the adrenal cortex is characterized by:
A. Excessive secretion of epinephrine
B. Increased production of Cortisol
C. Decreased synthesis of ADH
D. Diminished secretion of NE
14. The end product of glucose metabolism in the
red blod cells:
A. Lactate
B. Glycogen
C. Fatty acids
D. Carbon dioxide
15. A male student of African descent was
prescribed anti malarial medication. Several hours
after ingestion of the drug, he developed
hemolytic anemia. A defect in this enzyme might
have led to his abnormal condition:
A. Superoxide dismutase
B. Catalase
C. Glucokinase
D. Glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase
16. Which of the following conditions stimulate
glycogen synthesis in the liver and the muscle?
A. Increased Glucose 6-PO4 in the cell
B. Decreased ATP/ADP ratio
C. Increased AMP levels
D. Decreased Glucose from the diet
17. Pellagra like manifestation may be seen in
deficiency of this essential amino acid:
A. Phenylalanine
B. Histidine
C. Tryptophan
D. Lysine
18. A patient’s blood VLDL levels were found to be
elevated. Which diet therapy would be helpful in
reducing VLDL?
A. Decreased intake of carbohydrates
B. Increased intake of starches
C. Decreased intake of Triacylglycerol-enriched
foods
D. Increased intake of protein
19. Megaloblastic anemia that develops among
strict vegetarians is due to deficiency of this
vitamin:
A. Vit C
B. Vit K
C. Vit B6
D. B12
20. Lack of ATP after death causes rigor mortis.
This is due to:
A. Persistent formation of actin-myosin-ATP
complex
B. Failure of ATP to bind to myosin head and non
dissociation of actin
C. Lack of ATPase in myosin head
D. Release of Pi and conformational change in
myosin head
21. Heparin acts as an anticoagulant by:
A. Inhibiting synthesis of prothrombin
B. Its antithrombin function
C. Preventing polymerization of fibrin
D. Chelating calcium
22. DNA replication in eukaryotes is:
A. Dispersive
B. Conservative
C. Semi conservative
D. Replicative
23. P53, a tumor suppressor gene product exerts
its anti-tumor effect by inhibiting
A. DNA repair
B. Apoptosis
C. Cell cycle progression
D. Photolyase
24. The skeletal muscle during a vigorously
contracting state shows:
A. Increased conversion of pyruvate to lactate
B. Decreased oxidation of pyruvate to CO2 and
water
C. Decreased AMP concentration
D. Increased ATP/ADP ratio
25. Aspirin, a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory and
analgesic drug, inhibits the activity of this enzyme:
A. Phospholipase A2
B. Lipoxygenase 33. The brain cells cannot use fatty acids as a
C. Cyclooxygenase primary source of fuel for this reason:
D. Phospholipase D A. Fatty acids cannot cross the blood-brain barrier
B. Fatty acids have limited concentrations in the
26. In the complete oxidation of one (1) mole of cerebrospinal fluid
palmitic acid to CO2 and H2O, the total number of C. The brain cannot store triacylglycerols and
ATP generated is cholesterol
A. 12 D. The neurons prefer ketone bodies to fatty acids
B. 24
C. 36 34. Which of the following is TRUE regarding
D. 131 enzyme activity?
A. Activation energy is higher without the enzyme
27. The thyroid hormone thyroxine (T4) is derived B. Change in free energy is higher without the
from: enzyme
A. Threonine C. Free energy of the reactants is always lower
B. Tyrosine than free energy of the products
C. Thiamine D. Reaction is facilitated by increasing activation
D. Tryptophan energy

28. What is the end product of fatty acid synthase 35. Insulin acts rapidly by:
activity in human? A. Inhibiting protein catabolism
A. Palmitic acid B. Inhibiting protein synthesis
B. Palmetoleic acid C. Increasing transport of glucose
C. Linoleic acid D. Activating phosphorylase and gluconeogenic
D. Arachidonic acid enzymes

29. A 2 year old child presents with cough and 36. Allopurinol effectively treats gout but has NO
bronchitis, growth failure and chronic diarrhea effect on the severe neurological symptoms of
with light colored foul smelling stools. A deficiency Lesch-Nyhan patients because it does not:
of which vitamin should be considered? A. Decrease de Novo purine synthesis
A. Vit B6 B. Decrease de Novo Pyrimidine synthesis
B. Vit C C. Inhibit xanthine oxidase
C. Vit A D. Increase PRPP levels
D. Vit B1
37. Blue vision sometimes occurs as an adverse
30. What is responsible for the gram negativity or effect of Sildenafil(Viagra). The direct reason for
gram positivity of the bacterial cell wall? this is because of resultant excess amounts of this
A. Peptidoglycan layer molecule.
B. Sialoglycoprotein layer A. Nitric oxide
C. Dermatan sulfate B. cGMP
D. Keratan sulfate C. Calcium ion
D. 5-AMP
31. Deficiency of this vitamin is associated with
wernicke’s encephalopathy: 38. Entropy refers to :
A. Thiamine A. total energy change in a system that is
B. Riboflavin available for doing work
C. Niacin B. the extent of disorder or randomness
D. Folic Acid of the system maximal at true equilibrium
C. the internal energy of a system which
32. The triad of diarrhea, dermatitis and dementia is synonymous to heat or enthalpy
are symptoms of deficiency of which vitamins: D. the study of energy changes which
A. Thiamine accompanies all biochemical reactions
B. Riboflavin
C. Cobalamin 39. Fatal hypoglycemia can result with
D. Niacin deficiency or absence of which of
the following enzymes?
A. phosphofructokinase
B. Fructose-1,6-biphosphatase A. the system remains constant
C. glycogen synthase B. the surrounding remains constant
D. glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase C. energy may be transferred or
transformed
D. energy may be lost but may still be
40. This hormone is synthesized in its final form, regained
and is not stored but is immediately released:
A. Cathecolamines 48. Which of the following terms refers to the
B. Insulin loss of electrons during coupled reactions?
C. Testosterone A. oxidation
D. Thyroxine B. reduction
C. redox
41. It is at this checkpoint where errors in D. all of the above
replication are detected
A. S 49. Failure of the Phosphogluconate
B. G1/S pathway due to an enzyme
C. M deficiency will result to which of the
D. G2/M following?
A. cataracts
42. Emphysema results when there is deficiency B. connective tissue disorder
of: C. hypoglycemia
A. Albumin D. jaundice
B. Antiproteinases
C. Ceruplasmin 50. Lactate, glycerol and most amino acids are
D. Haptoglobin substrates for which of the following pathways?
A. Beta oxidation
43. Entry of one of the following codons at the A B. Glycolysis
site causes termination of protein synthesis: C. Gluconeogenesis
A. AUU D. Pentose phosphate pathway
B. AUA
C. AUG
D. UAA

44. What is the intracellular messenger of the

hormone Calcitriol?
A. cAMP
B. Calcium
C. Hormone-receptor complex
D. Phosphoinositol

45. This subunit of the G protein has intrinsic

GTPase activity
A. Alpha subunit
B. Beta subunit
C. Delta
D. Gamma

46. The most distinct differentiation of a

prokaryotic cell from eukaryotic cell is the:
A. size
B. compartmentalization of the
subcellular components especially the
nucleus
C. presence of cell wall
D. presence of cellular capsule

47. According to the first law of thermodynamics: