{ short phrases } “Kore wa eigo de nan to yomi masu ka.

”
Dōmo arigatoo gozaimasu – Thank you very much.
Iie, kekkou desu. – No thanks.
Dō itashimashite – You’re welcome
Irasshaimase – Welcome.
Dozo o sakini - pls go ahead.
– How do you read this in English
Kaite kudasai – pls write it.
sukoshi hanashimasu – I speak a little.
sukoshi wakarimasu – I understand a little.

{Please}
Dōzo – [ when offering ] Chotto matte kudasai – one moment pls.
Kudasai - [ when requesting something ] Ikimasho – let’s go.
Ikimasho ka? - Shall we go?
{ Acknowledgements }
ee desu ka – ready? | alright? Sore o kudasai – pls give me this.
a, sō desu ka – I see. Kore o kudasai – pls give me that.
a, so desu ka
so desu ne – let me see.
a ii des ne. – ok.
{ Directions – doko desu }
Daijobu desu ka – Is it okay? Hidari (left) |  Massugu (Straight) | Migi (Right) 
Daijobu desu – its okay. Harijuku eki wa doko desu ka. – Where is Harijuku stn.
Ja – well then (Ja mata )
a – oh. a, so desu ne.
ne – is that right? { Persons }
• Otoko – Man
• Onna – Woman
suki desu – I like it.
• Kodomo - Child
suki desu ka – you like it?
kirai desu – I don’t like it. (kee lie)

{ Exclamations }
* kirei desu – It’s beautiful. (kee lay)
Abunai - Watch out!
Tasukete – Help!
kaji - fire
{ greetings }
• Ohayo gozaimasu – Good morning
Osewani narimashita – Thank you for your assistance
• Konichiwa – Good Afternoon | Hello. ki tie desu. – I want to buy this.
• Kombanwa – Good evening Tadaima – I’m back.
• Oyasuminasai – Good night
• yoi – good
namae – (nama aye) • warui - bad
namae wa kudasai. – Your name pls.
• okagi – money
• ocha – tea
{ Chat Weather }
• o’mizu – water
Ee, otenki des ne. – Nice day. Isn’t it?
• kami – paper
Atsui ee des ne. – Hot, isn’t it
Samui ee des ne – Cold, isn’t it.

Atarashii – new
Furui - old
{ communications - help}
mo ichido onegaishimasu – one more time pls.
{ Singular interrogatory kikimasu – to ask }
yukkuri onegaishimasu – slowly pls.
Eigo ga wakarimasu ka. – speak English
• nani. - What?
Wakarimasu. – I understand
Iie, wakarimasen. – I don’t understand. • dare to - Who?
• naze desu ka? - Why?
“Kore wa eigo de nan to imasu ka” • itsu desu ka? - When?
– How do you say this in English • doko desu ka? - Where?
{ Particles }
:: grammatical function of Nouns (N1); not prepositional like in English,
but postpostional – coming after.

Tōkyō de – at Tokyo
Hitori de – alone (lit: “by one person”)
jūgo-nichi ni – on the 15th

{ 4 forms }
present form
desu – to be, is, are (affirmative)
dewa arimasen – is not (negative)

past forms
deshita
dewa arimasendeshita

• desu – to be

{ motion verbs forms }

present/future forms
-masu
-masen

past forms
-mashita
-masendeshita

• ikimasu – to to
• kimasu – to come
• kaerimasu – to return (to go home)
 o denwa - phone
{ introducing yourself } o bango - number
Hajimemashite. ABC Fuzū no Sumisu desu.
„ desu (is, are)
Watashi wa James desu. Do not use
„ dewa arimasen (is not)
when referring
to yourself „ deshita ( was ) past
{ introducing others } -san „ dewa arimasedeshita (was not)
Kochira wa Nihon Ginkō no Sumisu-san desu.
Gurei-san wa bengoshi desu. • ka (particle denotes question)
• no (partical denotes affliation or ownership)
Sumisu-san wa ABC Fuzu no bengoshi desu.
• anata – informal ‘you’
Nozomi Depato no Takahasi desu Possessi
• Rondon – London
Dozo yoroshiku onegaishimasu ve
no • Ginkō – bank
[namae] desu. { don’t use –san referring to yourself } • Tokyō Daigaku – Tokyo University

Q: Hofuman-san wa Igirisu-jin desu ka. { Pronouns - PN }

A: Iie, Doitsu-jin desu.
Kore wa – This | Kono (used before noun)
Q: Sumisu-san wa gakusei desu ka. Sore wa – That | Sono (ex. Sono aoi T-shatsu desu)
A: Hai, gakusei desu. Are wa – That over there| Ano (ex. Ano ōkii ringo)

• gakusei - student Q: Kore wa hon desu ka.

• hisho – secretary A: Hai, hon desu.
• bengoshi – lawyer
Q: Kore wa tokei desu ka.
• enjinia - engineer
A: Iie, tokei dewa arimasen
[ N1 + wa + N2 + desu]
Q: Kore wa nan desu ka.
Q: Sumisu-san wa Nihon-jin desu ka, Chugoku desu ka
A: Kagi desu.
A: Chugoku desu.
{Belongs to someone: N1 wa N2 no N3 desu ka }
P1: Donata desu ka. (can use dare [ informal ] )
Q: Kore wa Sasaki-san no kasa desu ka.
P2: Nakamura desu.
A1: Hai, Sasaki-san no desu.
P1: Hai, dozo
A2: Iie, Sasaki-san no dewa arimasen.
dōzō – please
{Who’s is it}
dōmo arigato gozaimasu – thank you
Q: Kore wa dare no hon desu ka.
A: Chan-san no desu.
• watashi no – my Dare - who
• meishi – business card
• namae - name {State phone number}
• ee – (informal yes ‘eeh’) Sumisu-san no denwa-bangō wa zero san no san-yon-
• sō desu. – that’s right roku-roku no ichi-ni-hachi-yon desu.
• kaisha – company, office
Q: Takahashi-san no denwa-bango wa nan-ban desu
• jūsho – address
ka.
• merū-adoresu
• Taishikan – embassy
• keitai – cell phone
• nan-ban – what number
• kasa – umbrella
• hon – book Q: Kore wa Nakamura san no hon desu ka.
• shimbun – newspaper A: Iie, watashi no dewa arimasen.
• kagi – key Q: Dare no hon desu ka.
• tokei –watch A: Chan-san desu.
• denwa bango
Q: Kore wa Takahashi-san no techō desu ka. • hiru-yasumi (hiru-gohan– lunch break/lunch meal)
A: Ee, sō desu. (Yes. it is) Domo. o hiru: afternoon
o yasumi: break
{Find out times – ji (nan-ji)} • ban-gohan
o ban: evening
Q: Sumimasen, ima nan-ji desu ka.
A: Ku-ji gojuppun desu.
• pūru – pool
Q: Na-ji ( kara | made ) desu ka. • jimu – gym
(open|close) • foronto – front desk
• hoteru – hotel :: hoteru de – at the hotel
Q: Depato wa nan-ji kara desu ka
A: Ju-ji kara desu. (it opens at 10)
• sō desu. – that’s right.
Q: Nan-ji made desu ka. • ee desu ka. – Are you ready?
A: Gogo hachi-ji made desu ka.
• sō desu ka. – I see / Is that so?

• ima – now
{Numbers to 100 – jū }
• nan-ji – what time
• ji – o’clock rei, zero (0) ichi (1) ni (2) san (3) yon(4) go (5)
roku(6) nana(7) hachi(8) kyu/kū (9)
Gogo kyu-ji made desu. jū (10); jūichi (11) ; jūni (12); jūsan (13) jūsan (14)
Gozen hachi-ji kara desu. jūgo (15) jūrokū (16)

gozen yo-ji (4am) • nijū (20)

gogo go-ji (5pm) • sanjū (30)
• yonjū (40)
• depāto – dept. store
• gojū (50)
• sūpā - supermarket
• rokuju (60)
• resutoran - restaurant
• nanaju (70)
• yūbinkyoku – post office
• hachiju (80)
• ginkō - bank
• kyuju (90)
• hyaku (100)
• onna no hito – woman
o onna - female
{Time – ji }
o hito - person
• ichi-ji (1:00)
• ni-ji (2:00)
• kara – particle From
• san-ji (3:00)
• made – particle Until
• yo-ji (4:00)
• go-ji (5:00)
Q: Shigoto wa nan-ji kara nan-ji made desu ka. • shichi-ji (7:00)
A: Shigoto wa gozen roku-ji kara juji made desu. • hachi-ji (8:00)
• ku-ji (9:00)
Q: Suzuki-san no Pātī wa nan-ji kara desu ka. • ju-ji (10:00)
• ju-ichi-ji (11:00)
• shigoto – work
• ju-ni –ji (12:00)
• kaigi – meeting [kind nee]
• Pātī – party [ o’clock+ number + fun / + juppun / + han ]
• Eiga – movie [ain ya]
yo-ji go-fun (4:05)
• asa-gohan – breakfast san-ji jugo-fun (3:15)
o asa: morning san-ji gojū go–fun (3:55)
o gohan: meal
ju-ji juppun (10:10)
san-ji nijuppun (3:20) • rokuman (60K)
• nanaman (70K)
-juppun • hachiman (80K)
sanjuppun(30) ; yonjuppun (40); gojuppun (50)
• kyūman (90K)
ni-ji han (2:30) • jūman (100k)
• han – half past • hyakuman (1 Million)
{ Shopping }
{decimals – ten(.) }
Sore o misete kudasai – pls show me that one rei ten nana hachi (0.78)
Ja, kore o kudasai – well the, I’ll take this one.
Kore mo sanzen-en desu - That one is 3k also. { Products }
• terebi – TV
• mo – also, too • rajio – radio
• ja – well then, well • pasokon – PC
• mise – shop, store, restaurant • dejikame – digital camera
• irashaimase – may I help you. welcome • bideo-kamera – video camera
• sore – that one • CD-purēya – CD Player
• ikura – how much • zasshi – magazine
• number-en – yen
Don’t
{ identifying objects } forget
Q: (Sore/Kore/Are) wa N1 desu ka. desu
{High Numbers }
A: (Sore/Kore/Are) wa N1 desu.
(-hyaku)
• hyaku (100) { identify cost of objects }
(Sore/Kore/Are) wa ikura N1 desu ka.
• nihyaku (200)
(Sore/Kore/Are) cost-en desu.
• sambyaku (300)
• yonhyaku (400) Sore wa terebi desu – This is a TV.
• gohyaku (500) Are wa pasokon desu. – That over there is a PC
• roppyaku (600) Kore wa CD desu. Are mo CD desu.
• nanahyaku (700) – That is a CD. That over there is also a CD
• happyhyaku (800)
• DVD [dibuidi] – DVD
• kyūhyaku (900)
• shāpupenshiru – mechanical pencil
(-sen) • bōrupen – ballpoint pen
• sen (1000) • Furansu-go – French language
• nisen (2000) • jisho – dictionary
• sanzen (3000) • Eigo - English
• yonsen (4000)
• gosen (5000) • kādo – credit card
• rokusen (6000)
Kore wa ikura desu ka? – How much is this?
• nanasen (7000)
kādo demo ii desu ka. – Is a Credit card alright?
• hassen (8000) demo ii desu ka – Is it alright?
• kyūsen (9000) ii desu ka – it it ok?

(-man) Hai, kekkō desu. – That’s fine.

• ichiman (10,000)
• niman (20K) • ano – that over there
PN Always
• samman (30K) • aio – blue (ah ee oooh) precedes
• yomman (40K) the noun

• goman (50K) (Pronouns (PN) Kono/Sono/Ano)

PN + N1 + wa + N2 + desu
Kono hon wa watashi no desu. - This book is mine.

Q: Ano aoi T-shatsu wa ikura desu ka.

– How much is that blue T-shirt?
A: Dore desu ka – which one?
Q: Ano aoi t-shatsu. – That one.
A: Sen-en desu. – 1K.

Q: Sono akai t-shatsu wa ikura desu ka.

- How much is that red t-shirt?
Ja, sore o ni-mai kudasai. – Well then, give me two of
those.
dore – which one?
hagaki – postcard
kitte – stamp
T-shatsu – t-shirt

akai – red
aoi – blue
kuroi – black

{ Counting Things }
-mai :: used to count thin or flat things
-pon/hon/bon :: used to count long slender items
-tsu/ō :: used for everthing else

1 ichi-mai ippon hitotsu

2 ni-mai ni-hon futatsu
3 san-mai sam-pon mittsu
4 yon-mai yon-hon yottsu
5 go-mai go-hon itsutsu
6 roku-mai roku-hon muttsu
7 nana-mai nana-hon nanatsu
8 hachi-mai happon yattsu
9 kyū-mai kyū-hon kokonotsu
10 jū-mai juppon tō

Asking for things:

Sore o futatsu kudasai. – I’ll have two of those pls.
Sore o go-mai kudasai. – I’ll have
Ringo o futatsu kudasai.

Sono ringo o futatsu kudasai. – Give me two of those apples.

{Days of the Week – Yōbi }

• nichi-yōbi (Sunday)
• getsu-yōbi (Monday)
• ka-yōbi (Tuesday)
• sui-yōbi (Wednesday)
• moku-yōbi (Thurs)
• kin-yōbi (Friday)
• do-yōbi (Saturday)