UNIVERSIDAD DEL VALLE SEDE PALMIRA

LECTURA DE TEXTOS ACADÉMICOS EN INGLÉS 1

CLASE MARZO 24 DE 2016
NOMBRE__________________________________________________________________

PREFIXES.

A. COMMON PREFIXES.

ANTI (against) anti-roads protestors anti-government troops

INTER (between) international match interstate highways
MINI (small) minicomputer mini-bar
MIS (wrongly) mishear miscalculate
MULTI (many) multi-coloured multimillionaire
OVER (too much) overeating overcrowded
POST (after) post-war World postgraduate
PRE (before) pre-match prehistoric
RE (again) reunion reread
SEMI (half) semicircle semi-skilled work
SUPER (big) superstore super-tanker
UNDER (too little) underweight underpaid
NON (no) non-smoker non-stop
BI (dos) bilingual bilateral
CO (together) cooperate co-pilot

B. NEGATIVE PREFIXES

IN- Inconsiderate. Incomplete

IM- If the Word begins Immature. Imperfect. Immoral. Impolite
with M or P
IR- If the Word begins Irregular. Irrational. Irresponsible
with R
IL- If the Word begins with Illegal. Irrational
L
UN- Undo. Unfair. Uncomfortable
DIS- Dislike. Disability
DE- Decrease
MIS- Misunderstand. Misadventure
MAL- Malformed

1. Write the opposite of the words bellow using negative prefixes.

1. Efficiency_________________________
2. fair_______________________________
3. Legally___________________________
4. ability ____________________________
5. lucky _____________________________
6. acceptable _____________________________
7. relevant _______________________________
8. real ___________________________________
9. visible _________________________________
10. approve ______________________________

2. Now complete the sentences with the correct form of the words from exercise 1.

1. The police arrested the street musicians because they were performing__________________________.
2. Speaking other languages is a very useful_________________________________________________.
3. On a clear day the French coast is clearly __________________________from the cliffs of Dover.
4. I have a ____________________________problem with people who arrive late.
5. He was very___________________________ not to be accepted by the university.
6. I’m not interested, furthermore, it’s totally_______________________ to me.
7. She wasn’t given a pay rise for her _______________________________ at work.
8. We________________________ of smoking in any public place.
9. Smoking is generally less_________________________ in the USA than it is in Europe.
10. She disagreed with the exam result because she thought the making had been____________________.

3. Find the opposites of the words bellow.

1.Advantage__________________________8. courage_____________________________
2. offensive___________________________9. responsible__________________________
3. appear____________________________10. appoint______________________________
4. illusion____________________________11. believe______________________________
5. close_____________________________ 12. interested___________________________
6. arm______________________________ 13. content______________________________
7. trust______________________________14. proper_______________________________

4. Complete the sentences by adding the correct prefix from the table.

Un- (x6) dis- (x3) in- (x2) im- over

1. I keep thinking of our holidays in Jamaica. They were really ________FORGETTABLE.

2. He relieves he isn’t going to die. He thinks he is _____________MORTAL:
3. I was surprised by my mother’s call. It was very _________EXPECTED.
4. Please find another chair. You look _______COMFORTABLE.
5. People don’t really like her. She’s very _________POPULAR.
6. His parents have punished her due to her ___________OBEDIENCE.
7. He was very tired, so he _________DRESSED and went to bed.
8. The army’s behaviour during the war was very cruel. It was truly ________HUMAN.
9. John and I don’t get on well. We always _____________AGREE about everything.
10. I didn’t like his lasagna. It was ______COOKED.
11. She’s not a tidy person. The ___________ORDER in her room is terrible.
12. I need a psychiatrist. I think I’m going __________SANE

C. SUFFIXES.
Noun Suffixes
Suffix Meaning Example
-acy state or quality privacy
-al act or process of refusal
-ance, -ence state or quality of maintenance,
eminence
-dom place or state of being freedom, kingdom
-er, -or one who trainer, protector
-ism doctrine, belief communism
-ist one who chemist
-ity, -ty quality of veracity
-ment condition of argument
-ness state of being heaviness
-ship position held fellowship
-sion, -tion state of being concession, transition

Verb Suffixes
-ate become eradicate
-en become enlighten
 -ify, -fy make or become terrify
-ize, -ise become civilize

Adjective Suffixes
-able, -ible capable of being edible, presentable
-al pertaining to regional
-esque reminiscent of picturesque
-ful notable for fanciful
-ic, -ical pertaining to musical, mythic
-ious, -ous characterized by nutritious, portentous
-ish having the quality of fiendish
-ive having the nature of creative
-less without endless
-y characterized by sleazy
Adverb. Suffixes
- ly Happy / happily

1.DERIVE NOUNS USING THE SUFFIXES IN THE BOX AND THE FOLLOWING NOUNS.

-al -ance -ation -ion -ment -ing -er

1. manage___________________ 8. deliver____________________15. punish_____________________

2. bury______________________ 9. perform___________________ 16. attract_____________________
3. invent____________________10. educate___________________ 17. govern____________________
4. organise_________________ 11. excite ____________________ 18. communicate _______________
5. appear __________________ 12. enquire___________________ 19. pronounce _________________
6. understand_____________ 13. depart____________________ 14. arrive____________________

2. COMPLETE THE SENTENCES WITH NOUNS DERIVED FROM EXERCISE 1 ABOVE.

1. The aeroplane is one of the best__________________________ of modern times.
2. His___________________________ at 6 0’clock in the morning caught them unaware.
3. He had a very academic ____________________________at school.
4. When I was a school child, the only form of __________________________was a detention.
5. They are going to take over the_____________________________ of the factory next month.
6. The Prime Minister will announce the new________________________ tomorrow.
7. His ____________________________ of English is so poor that it is very difficult to understand him.
8. The children were full of _____________________because their summer holidays were going to start the
following day.

3. DERIVE THE CORRECT WORD IN THE FOLLOWING SENTENCES.

1. An ________________ (accident) discharge of toxic waste has led to pollution of the water in the river.
2. He has been ___________________________ (action) in local politics for some years.
3. It was an _____________________ (adventure) expedition up the Amazon which we can never forget.
4. She was very __________________________ (anger) when she heard what happened.
5. He gave her a ______________________________ (beauty) bunch of flowers for her birthday.
6. Despite his age, he still retains his ________________________________ (boy) good looks.
7. He gave us a ___________________________ (briefly) first-hand account of the event.
8. I have enough work to keep me _______________________ (business) for the whole week.
9. Sarah is extremely _____________________________________ (care) of her reputation.
10. I have always been very ______________________________ (caution) about spending money.
11. He is lucky to own a house which is very ______________________________________ (centre).
12. It's so __________________________________ (child) of her to behave in that way.
13. She decides not to be ________________ (choose) but to accept the first job offer that comes along.
14. Her mother bought an imported _________________________________ (circle) table for dinning.
15. It was a ______________________________ (collect) decision to stage a walk-out in protest.
16. He feels extremely ____________________________ (comfort) and relaxed in the Firsts Class cabin.
17. His ________________________ (coward) act of holding a child hostage is really contemptible.
18. Nowadays less people are _________________________________ (cruelty) to animals
19. Not all snakes are ____________________________________ (danger) to human beings.
20. John took a __________________________________ (depth) breath and blew into the balloon.
21. Once again he's proving himself to be a player of great _____________________________ (able).
22. John will be in charge during the boss's ___________________________________ (absent).
23. We met quite by __________________________________________ (accidental) at the airport.
24. She recognized him as an old ______________________________________________ (acquaint).
25. The police took quick _____________________________________ (act) to deal with the robbery.
26. I never ever shouted at you in _________________________________ (angry), have I?
27. I find the constant barking of the neighbour’s dog an ___________________________ (annoy).
28. He is always worried about his ________________________________ (appear).
29. He was rushed to the hospital but was dead on ________________________________ (arrive).
30. We must pay _________________________________ (attend) in class.
31. She is a woman of great ________________________________ (beautiful).
32. We pay our telephone bill at the ________________________________ (begin) of the month.
33. The naughty boys were punished for their bad ______________________________ (behave).
34. Saving a drowning man is regarded by most as an act of _________________________ (brave).

-ED ANS –ING ADJECTIVES

a. The man is a stranger. He is standing by that taxi. I am (disappointing/disappointed) with you.
b. Are you (interesting/interested) in football?
c. The tennis match was quite (exciting/excited). I enjoyed it.
d. It's sometimes (embarrassing/embarrassed) when you have to ask people for money.
e. Do you easily get (embarrassing/embarrassed)?
f. I had never expected to get the job. I was really (amazing/amazed) when I was offered it.
g. She has really learnt very fast. She has made (astonishing/astonished) progress.
h. I didn't find the situation funny. I was not (amusing/amused).
i. It was a really (terrifying/terrified) experience. Afterwards everybody was very (shocking/shocked).
j. Why do you always look so (boring/bored)? Is your life really so (boring/bored)?
k. He's one of the most (boring/bored) people I've ever met. He never stops talking and he never says anything
(interesting/interested).

D. PREFIXES USED WITH ADJECTIVES

Prefix Meaning Examples

Under Less than, insufficiently Undernourished
over more than, excessively Overpopulated
sub under substandard
 super over supernatural
extra Beyond, outside of extraterrestrial
intra within intramuscular
inter among, between international
trans across, through transcontinental

1. Complete the sentences, using adjectives having prefixes that are appropriate in meaning.

1-There is too much heat in this room; it is_______________________________.

2- It is faster than the speed of sound; it is a __________________________aircraft.
3- This plane flies across the Atlantic; it is a _______________________Plane.
4- Many workers are paid less money for the work they do; they are _________________ workers.
5- That food has been cooked for too long; it is an _____________________ Food.
6- A country that has a small population is an ___________________Country
7- A pain which is happening inside a muscle is an ____________________Pain.
8- A story that is beyond what is ordinary is an _____________________ Story.
9- They are living in ___________________conditions; conditions that do do not fit for humans.
10- A ship that can travel under water is a_________________________ ship.
11- There is a conference among several nations; it is an ______________________ conference.

2. What is the opposite of….. ?

1- familiar ----------------------
2- predictable ----------------------
3- accurate ----------------------
4- probable -----------------------
5- logical ----------------------
6-selfish ----------------------
7-efficient -----------------------
8- legal -----------------------
9- regular -----------------------
10- practical ------------------------
11- relevant ------------------------
12- loyal ------------------------
13- formal -------------------------
14- pleasant -------------------------
15- existent -------------------------
16-dependent --------------------------
17- respectful --------------------------
18- resistable --------------------------
19- interesting --------------------------
20- decent --------------------------
21- safe --------------------------
22- professional --------------------------
23- tolerant --------------------------
24- rational --------------------------
25- pure --------------------------
26- faithful --------------------------
27- obedient --------------------------
28- comfortable --------------------------
29- agreeable ---------------------------
30- definite ---------------------------