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2008 ² 2 l,dmh
ISSN - 1391-7307

igyk 2
wNsfhda.h - iqks,d wfífialr 3
wfma weiska - Provoked Ñ;%mg úpdrh - úYaj ms%hd 4
yuqj - ue.afiafia iïudkfhka msÿï ,enQ wdkkao .,mam;a;s - iqf,dapkd fld<Uf.a 7
f,daflg f,dlals - tâkd u,aldka;s 13
ixialD;sh hkq l=ulao@ - f¾j;S pjq,d 16
w÷re cq,sfhys u;lh" wjÈ lrkakg fkdj''' - m%§ma chr;ak 19
w,s ñksia .egqu yd úh<s l,dmSh jekaoUqjkaf.a fÄojdplh - ofòf.dv ðkodi 21
fï Ñâhela''' udrhd mer¥ f,nkka udOHfõÈkS - j;ai,d .uf.a 24
lú l,amkd 27
ixialrKh
ufyaYj
a Í fõ,dhqoka isys lsÍu 29
iqñld fmf¾rd
iqks,d wfífialr zne;s mqoZ l< Ñ;% Ys,amskS pïmdks foaúld - lreKd fmf¾rd 31

úfYaI odhl;ajh wêIaGdkfha wdvïnrh - úkS;d udfk,a .uf.a 33

lreKd fmf¾rd flál;dj - wjqreÿ 25 - lreKd fmf¾rd 35
m%ldYk ks,OdßkS flá lrmq È. l;d - wdpd¾h mqIamd rï,kS 39
fõ,dhqoka chÑ;%d

we;=<; Ñ;%
ouhka;s uq;=l=udrf.a

msgljrh" msgq ieliqu

fõ,dhqoka chÑ;%d

m%ldYkh
ldka;dj yd udOH iduQyslh
174" w,aúia wejksHq" ldi,a ùÈh"
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fï jif¾ fojk l,dmh Tn w;g
m;ajkafka" ,dxlSh iudch wd¾Ól
fuka u foa Y md,ks l jYfhka o nrm;,
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wNsfhda.h ;=<ska o fï ms<sn|j wms idlÉPd
lrkafkuq'
zwehZ igyk Tiafia fï W;aidyh furg"
;S k a ÿ -;S r K .ka k d uKa v ,j, ia ; % S k a f .a
iyNd.s;ajh j¾Okh lsÍu ms<sn|j idlÉPd
lsÍughs' ia;%Skaf.a foaYmd,k ksfhdacl;ajh
iïnJOfhka wm ks r ka ; rfhka u idlÉPd
lrka f kuq ' ls % h dldÍ jka f kuq ' fldf;la
idlÉPd l< o fldf;la ls % h dldÍ jq j o
foa Y md,k ks f hda c l;a j h iïnJOfhka
mj;sk ;;a;ajfhys ie,lsh hq;= fjkila ;ju
isÿù we;s njla olakg fkdue;'
miq.sh udi lsysmh ;=< meje;s m<d;a iNd
ue;s j rKj,§;a ie,ls h hq ; = uÜgfï ia ; % S
ksfhdacl;ajh olakg ,enqfKa ke;' flfia
kuq;a ksfhdacl;ajh ,enQ fukau Pkaofhka
f;aÍm;ajQ w;f,diaila jQ ia;%Skag wms wmf.a
iqNme;=ï msßkuuq'
bÈßhg tñka mj;skafka ue;sjrK j¾Ihka
nj ls h efõ' ckdêm;s j rKh" m<d;a iNd"
m<d;a md,k fuka u uy ue;s j rKhla o
meñKsh yel' fï ish¿ md,k jHQyhka ;=<
fkdjqjo" wju jYfhka m<d;a md,k wdh;k
;=< fyda ia;%S ksfhdacl;ajh i|yd fldagdjla
,ndfok f,i furg ia;%S lKavdhï we;=¿
fkdfhla ms ß ia b,a , S ï lrka f ka lf,l
mgkauh' ±kgu;a ol=Kq wdishdfõ bkaÈhdj"
mdls i a : dkh" nx.,dfoa Y h we;= ¿ rgj,a
.Kkdjl ia;%Skag m<d;a md,khg
iyNd.sùug" foaYmd,k ksfhdacl;ajh i|yd
fldagdjla ,eî ;sfí' WodyrK f,i bkaÈhdfõ
th 33]ls' mdlsia:dkfha 20]ls' ishhg ;sy
flfia fj;;a 25]la j ;a wfma ia ; % S k a g
2 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008
igyk
,ndfokakehs b,a,d lrk ,o fhdackdjka
fï jk úg md¾,sfïka;= f;aÍï ldrl iNdj
fj; we;' bÈß ue;sjrKj,g fmr"
úfYaIfhka 2010 § meje;aùug kshñ; m<d;a
md,k ue;sjrKhg fmrj;a ue;sjrK kS;s
ixfYdaOkhg ,laù ia;%Ska fj; wod, fldagdj
,ndfokafka kï jà' fkdue;s kï m<d;a
md,k ue;sjrKhg bÈßm;a ùug leue;af;ka
isák fndfyda ia;%Skag ;j;a ld,hla n,d
isàug isÿjkq we;'
foa Y md,k fuka u wd¾Ól iy iudc
ixj¾Ok ls % h dj,s h ;= < ia ; % S k a f .a iu
iyNd.s;ajh iy;sl lsÍug" ia;%Skag tfrys
ish¿ wdldr fjkialï msgq±lSu i|yd jk
tla i ;a cd;S k a f .a cd;Hka ; r iïuq ; s h g
(CEDAW) w;aika ;eîu u.ska Y%S ,xld rch
o tlÕ ù isà' óg wu;rj tlai;a cd;Skaf.a
wdrCIK uKav,h úiska ia;%Skaf.a wdrCIdj
iy iduh Wfoid fhdackdjla o iïu; fldg
;sfí' th 1325 hkqfjks' fuu fhdackdj,sh
u.s k a hq o uh ;;a ; a j hka ;= < ia ; % S k a f .a
wdrCIdj;a iduh f.dvke.Su we;=¿ ;SrK
.kakd l%shdj,sfha§ ia;%Skaf.a iu iyNd.s;ajh
iy;sl lsÍu;a wjOdrKh fldg ;sfí'
±kg wKmk;a" m%{ma;s u.ska ia;%Ska fj;
,eî we;s whs;Ska" /ljrK" wdrCIdj rfÜ
kS;s moaO;shg tlaù tAjd ksis whqßka ls%hd;aul
jkafka kï th ia;%Skaf.a ;;a;ajh iEfyk
ÿrlg fyda fjkia lsÍug msgqjy,la jkjd
fkdwkqudkh' fmd;am;aj,g" fld, lE,sj,g
iSud ù we;s fï ish¿ ysñlï N=la;s ú£ug
wfma ia;%Skag yelsfjkafka ljodo@
wju ;rñka bÈß m<d;a md,k ue;sjrKhg
fmr ia ; % S k a f .a ks f hda c l;a j h i|yd 25]l
fldagdjla ,nd.ekSugj;a wm jy jyd fm<
.eish hq;=j we;s nj fuys,d wjOdrKh fldg
igyka lruq'•
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b;sydifha ;SrKd;aul wjêhla igyka
lrk udihls ' W;= f ¾ hq o a O h Èfkka Èk
W.%fjñka mj;S' wj;eka fjk" ñh hk fou<
ck;djf.a ixLHdj ksYaÑ; ke;;a th ,CI
fol bla u jk nj kï iefjdu ms < s . kS '
hqoaOfhka ñh hk yuqod Nghskaf.a ixLHdj
o tf,iu wúksYaÑ; jqj;a" tA yeu flfkl=
fjkqfjka y~d je,fmk ujla fyda ìß|la
isák nj kï wu;l l< fkdyel'
wd¾Ól .eg¿j o wdidOkShhs' nvq ñ,"
bkaOk ñ," jev l=,S" m%jdyk .dia;= wd§
yeufohlau wêfõ.S udj;g u fhduqfjhs'
todfõ, .eg.id .ekSug fjrork wm" hqoaO
ch wfmaCIdfjka má ;o lr.ksñka isáuq'
tfy;a tA ch N=la;s ú£ug wmg o
fldgialrejka úh yelafla tA yryd rgg iduh
yd iuDêh Wodfjkjd kï muKS" tA iduh
yd iuDêh kï ;ju;a fndfydaÿr nj fmfka'
rg mq r d rchk ¥IK yd jxpd pl% h
fya;=fjka wfma ;;a;ajh jvd;a krl w;g
yef¾' uE;l§ f,a nexl=fõ l,a mek .sh *s,ag¾
fhdod.ekSu ms<sn|j mek ke.=Kq ld,f.daÜáh
ksidu fof;=ka fofkl=f.a /lshd ;ykï jqjo"
fï ms < s n |j j.ls j hq ; a ; ka kS ; s h yuq j g
f.ktAug fmd,Sish iu;a fõ o hkak ielhs'
Lanka Marine Series ^,xld ueÍka iSßia& wvq
ñ,lg úlsKSu iïnJOfhka uqo,a
wud;HxYfha f,alï mS'î' chiqkaor o j.lsj
hq;= njg l;d mj;soa§" rfÜ ck;dj
úiafidamj n,d isà' ;ud fjkqfjka j.lSï
Tn yuqfõ ;nk
ork" tA i|yd mä ,nk" Wiia hehs ie,flk
ks,OdÍka fï wdldrhg wl%ñl;dj,g j.lsj
hq;= kï" idudkH mqrjeishd úYajdih ;nkafka
ld flfryso@
mq r jeis h d úYa j dih ;eìh hq ; = ;j;a
wdh;khls kS;sh yd iduh iq/lSfï
rdcldßh" Ndrj isák fmd,sish yd yuqodj'
jd¾.s l hq o a O h ks i d is h ¨u fou< wh
;%ia;jd§ka f,i iel lsÍug Tjqka fhduqùu
ms<sn|j wm mqÿu úh hq;= ke;;a" isxy, wh
flfrys ; a Tjq k a ola j k wlreKdj iy
wlghq;=lï .ek Èkm;d jd¾;d fõ' tfiau
Tjqkaf.a iuyfrl=g o ¥IKhg lmamug ,eÈ
hehs f;dr;=re me;sf¾'
fï ;;a;ajhka hgf;a wms wmf.a wkd.;
.ek" wfma ¥ orejkaf.a wkd.;h .ek" l=uk
wdldrfha is y s k ujuq o @ hq o a O h" NS I Kh"
>d;kh" ;%ia;jdoh" l÷¿" iqiqï - fmak f;la
udkhl we;af;a fumuKS' wm fl;rï iduh
yd m%cd;ka;%jdoh .ek isysk ueõjo" ia;%S
whs;Ska yd udkj ysñlï .ek l;d l< o"
idudkd;au;djh .%yKh lr.ekSug
fjr±rejo wjidkfha § wmg ±l .;
yelsjkafka fï iqkaor wNsm%dhka fjkqjg
ïf,aÉPlu iy l=ßreluhs'
iqNjd§ hula ,sùug W;aidy l< o fujr
fï ZwNsfhda.hz Tn fj; f.ktkafka wm
yeufokdf.au is;a fj,disák w÷rhs"
jHdl++,;ajfhka f.dvùfï wNsfhda.h wm yeu
yuqfõh'•
iqks,d wfífialr
2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 3
 2008 ia;%S Èkh ksñ;s fldgf.k ldka;dj
yd udOH iduQyslh úiska meje;ajQ iskud
oelafuys m%o¾Ykh flrekq tla Ñ;%máhls"
fcda.a uqkaødf.a PROVOKED ^m%fldam lrk
,o&' fuh m%isoaêhg ,laùug m%Odk lreKq
folls ' bka tlla k ï fuh i;H l;djla
mokï fldg.;a ks¾udKhla ùuhs' fojekak" wfma
m%isoaO fnd,sjqâ ks<s fMYaj¾hd rdhs fuys
m%Odk pß;h rÕmEuhs'
weiska
PROVOKED Ñ;%máh mokï fldg.kakd
i;H isÿùu" ia;%S jHdmdrfha iy úfYaIfhkau
ia ; % S k a g tfrys m% p Ka v ;a j h ms < s n |j jQ
l%shdldß;ajhkaf.a ft;sydisl ikaêia:dkhla 'ls''''ksiÿsYYa f.!rjhla
íoj jO ÿla ú£fï
ke;''''
'
i,l=Kq lrhs' 1989 § ,kavkfha bkaÈhdkq
iïNjhls k a hq ; a ì% ; dkH mq r jeis f hl= jQ
ls r dka ð ;a wyq , j,s h d ;u ieñhd >d;kh
fldg Ôú;dka ; h ola j d is r .; úh' kvq
úuiS f ï § weh §¾> ld,hla mq r d ;u
ieñhdf.a úúO ;dvk mSvkj,g f.dÿre jQ
nj fy,sorõ jqjo" weh Tyq ksÈ wef|a isáh §
Tyq f .a urKhg is ÿ lf<ka " tjlg mej;s
kS;shg wkqj th wd;au wdrCIdj i|yd fkdj"
oafõY iy.;j isÿl< ñkSuereula nj kS;sfha
;Skaÿj úh' fï ;Skaÿjg tfrysj wyq,j,shd
uy;añhg wNshdpkhla lsÍug Wmldr ùug

Provoked
m%fjdalâ
a
1989 § ,kavkfha bkaÈhdkq
iïNjhlska hq;a ì%;dkH mqrjeisfhl=
jQ lsrdkað;a wyq,jd,shd ;u ieñhd
>d;kh fldg Ôú;dka;h olajd
isr.; jQ i;H l;d mqj;'''

4 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008

,kavkfha ijq;afyda,a m%foaYfha jdih lrk
bkaÈhdkq iïNjhla we;s ia;%Skag fuka u
fjk;a ixl%uK ia;%Skag iydh jk ijq;afyda,a
í,ela is i a g ¾ia (Southall Black Sisters -
ijq;afyda,a l¨ fidfydhqßhka& kï jQ ia;%S
ixúOdkh bÈßm;a úh' 1992 § tu l%shdj,sh
yryd wyq,j,shd uy;añhf.a isro~qju ¨yq~q
fldg weh ksoyia lrk ,§" fï ch.%yKh
wyq,j,shd uy;añh ,o fm!oa.,sl chla jQjd
fuka u" m%pKav;ajfha b;sydihla i;=j ;u
ieñhdg fyda fmïj;dg m%pKav f,i l%shd
lrk ´kEu ia;%shlg kS;suh ,sys,la ,ndÿka
kvq ;Skaÿjla o úh' PROVOKED Ñ;%máh
wm yuqjg f.k tkafka wyq,j,shd
uy;añhf.a;a" SBS ia;%S ixúOdkfha;a" ia;%Skag
tfrys m%pKav;aj ls%hdldß;ajfha;a fï .uka
uf.a l;d mqj;hs'
fï l;d mqj; ;srhg f.k tAfï§" fcda.a
uq k a ø d" wyq , j,s h d uy;a ñ hf.a mq o a . ,s l
jD;a;dka;h iy weh Ôj;ajk iudcfha fmdÿ
jD;a ; dka ; h .e,mS u g .ka k d W;a i dyh
m%YxikShhs' weh foudmshka úiska fhdackd
l< újdyhlg msúfik bkaÈhdkq ia;%shls'
wef.a ieñhd l,la ì%;dkHfha jdih l< o
tA iudcfha ia;%Ska ms<sn|j Tyqf.a wdl,amh
ksfYaOd;aulh' ;u ìß|g tjeks ksoyila §ug
Tyq wfmaCId fkdlrhs' ld,h;a iuÕ Tyq
îug weíneys fjhs' wehg uqo,a §u w;miq
lrhs' fjk;a iïnJO;d we;s lr.kS' wehg
myr fohs' uq,§ tA myr§ïj,g Tyq iudj
wheo isáh;a" miq ld,hl ;u uj bÈßmsg §
mjd ìß|g myr§ug Tyq ue,s fkdfõ'
wjidkfha § ;u ieñhd ;udf.a ; a ore
fofokdf.aa;a Ôú;j,g ydkshla lrkq we;ehs
ìh jQ weh Tyq urKhg m;a lrhs ' fï
fm!oa.,sl jD;a;dka;h wm yuqjg tkafka
w;S ; dj¾ck iuq o dhla f,igh' Ñ;% m áh
wdrïN jkafka ieñhd .sks ;nk lsrkað;af.a
o¾Yk ud,djlsks'
ia ; S % - mq r eI n, iïnJO;d iy .Dyia :
m%pKav;ajh ms<sn|j lghq;= lrk whg kï
lrka ð ;a f .a jD;a ; dka ; h fnfyúka yq r e
mqreÿh' PROVOKED Ñ;%máfha tA jD;a;dka;h
kS;h
s fl;rï ia;k S% fa .a iqúfYaI
;;a;ja hkag iy ia;-S% mqreI
iudcNdjhg wixfõ§ o hkak
wm yuqfõ f.kyer olajk
cjksld lsym s hla Ñ;%má wOHCI
wmg tA;;a = .kajhs'
iuÕ nef|k fjk;a jD;a;dka; lsysmhls'
tlla kï ñkSuereula isÿjQ úg tA jgd ls%hdjg
kef.k kS ; s f ha hdka ; % K weiq ß ka wmg
fy,sorõ jk ì%;dkHfha fmd,sisfha" Widúfha"
nJOkd.rfha" kS;s{ jD;a;sfha ks,
/yekamghs' tA ;=< tl w;lska j¾.jdoh mj;S'
wyq,j,shd uy;añh bkaÈhdkq ksid u" weh
fndre ls h kq we; hkd§ mQ ¾ jdl,a m iys ;
fmd,sia ks,Odßhd óg lÈu ksoiqkls' kS;sh
fl;rï ia;%Skaf.a iqúfYaI ;;a;ajhkag iy
ia;%S-mqreI iudcNdjhg wixfõ§ o hkak wm
yuq f õ f.kyer ola j k cjks l d ls y s m hla
Ñ;%má wOHCI wmg tA;a;= .kajhs'
Ñ;%máfha ;=kajeks jD;a;dka;h" ì%;dkHfha
j¾.jdohg iy ia ; % S k a g tfrys whq l a ; s h g
tfrys j lghq ; = lrk rdOd we;= ¿ SBS
lKa v dhfï l;d mq j ;hs ' m% O dk Odrdfõ
iudchg tfrysfjñka Tjqka ;u zúcd;slZ
wkkH;djfha whs;sh m;d igka lrk msßils'
PROVOKED ys w;sYhska u m%n, cjksld
/ila wmg oel .; yela f la ls r ka ð ;a
nJOkd.dr.; jQjdg miqjhs' wef.a Ôú;fha
2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 5
 wef.a Ôú;fha h:d¾:h
wmg b;d is;a ldjÈk wdldrhg
h:d¾:h wmg b;d is;a ldjÈk wdldrhg u;= lrñka weh we;af;ka u
u;= lrñka weh we;af;ka u nJOkd.drh
;=< ;ud ksoyi ,nd.;a nj mjihs' újdyh
nJOkd.drh ;=< ;ud
iy l= g q ï Nh Ôjudk nJOkd.drhla f,i ksoyi ,nd.;a nj mjihs'
ú¢k fndfyda ia;%Skaf.a w;aoelSula lsrkað;a újdyh iy l=gï q Nh
yryd ߧ ;srh u; È. yef¾' ;u fouõmshkag" Ôjudk nJOkd.drhla f,i ú¢k
kekaoïudg" ieñhdg" iudchg lSlrej Ôj;a
fjñka ;u wkkH;djh wysñ lr.;a fndfyda ia;kS% fa .a w;aoelSula
lsrkað;a" nJOkd.drh ;=< ksoyi N=la;s ú£' lsrkað;a yryd ߧ ;srh u;
weh ñ;=ßhka weiqre lsÍug yqre mqreÿ fjhs' È. yef¾' ;u fouõmshkag"
weh bx.%Sis bf.k .kS' ;u Ôú;h ms<sn|
;SrK .ekSug fm<fUhs' wjidkfha § weh
kekaoïudg" ieñhdg" iudchg
udOH yuqfõ lshd isákafka zksYaYíoj jO" lSlrej Ôj;a fjñka ;u
ÿla ú£fï lsisÿ f.!rjhla ke;Z hkqfjks' wkkH;djh wysñ lr.;a
lsrkað;a wd fï È.= .uk f,dj mqrd iskud lsrkað;a" nJOkd.drh ;=<
f,da,hska fjkqfjka igyka fldg ;eîu'
fcd.a uqJødf.a wÈgkhs' ksoyi N=l; a s ú£'
fujeks m%n, l;d mqj;a iskudjg ke.Su
ÿIalrh' uqJød f,fyis udj; f;dard .kS'
jD;a;dka; lSmhla tlsfkld iuÕ fj,k
fMYaj¾hdf.a iqrEmS uqyqK" fõokdfjka ÿla
;Sr kdglh ;=< hï ixlS¾K;ajhla ;snqK o"
mSvdfjka fyïn;a jQ lsrkað;af.a uqyqKg iu
lsisu pß;hl .eUqrla f.dvkef.kafka ke;'
lsÍug wef.a rx.k yelshdj wiu;a jkjd
oCI ks < s h la jk rdOdf.a pß;h rÕmdk
fia u " fõYks r EmK Ys , a m s h d o wiu;a fõ'
kkaÈ;d odiag fyda tA yd iudk oCI k¿jl=
nJOkd.dr.; jQ ia;%S iuQyh w;r mj;sk
jk ieñhdf.a pß;h rÕmdk kùka
w;sYhskau .;sl iy ks;r l=ßre
wekavDDiag ;u m%;sNdj fyda l=i,;d
iïnJO;djhka yuq f õ mjd fkdief,k
t<soelaùug bvlvla fkd,efí' Ñ;%máfha uq,
uq y q K ls k a hq ; = j th krUk fMYa j ¾hd"
wm olsk wf,dallrK oialï Ñ;%máh mqrd
lsrkað;a ;=< we;sjk ìh" pls;h"
wmg oel.ekSug fkd,efnk ;rug
wd;a u dkq l ïmdj" wd§ yeÕS ï ks r EmKh
leurdlrKh idudkH h' frya u dka f .a
lrkafka u;=msáks' fï fMYaj¾hd nj wmg
ix.S;h mjd Ñ;%%máhg úfYaI hula tla lsÍug
fudfyd;lg jqj wu;l fkdfõ' l,lg fmr"
wiu;ah' tfy;a Ñ;%máfha m%Odk;u
Ñ;% m áh ;ekS u g l,s k a " ;ud ls r ka ð ;a
ÿ¾j,;djh jkdys th ckm%sh ùug mokï jQ
wyq,j,shd uqK.eiS weh iuÕ È.= fõ,djla
ldrKhuhs' th kï fMYaj¾hd rdhs h' wef.a
l;d l< nj fMYaj¾hd lshd ;snQ mqj;a m;a
uqyqK" weia folg" rEmhg we;s m%isoaêhg
idlÉPdjla ug isysfõ' fï pß;h rÕmEfï
bkaÈhdj wNsnjd f.dia fndfyda l,a h' tA
§ ;ud bÈßm;a jk wNs f hda . h fMYa j ¾hd
rEmhg w; ;eîug fcd.a uqJød fkdj Bg;a
f;a r eï .;a ; d fkdwkq u dkh' tfy;a tA
jvd ku .sh wOHCIljrfhl= jqj ue,s jkq
wNsfhda.hg uqyqK §ug ;rï wd;au Yla;sh
we;' tfy;a tA ue,s ù u ks i du" ls r ka ð ;a
fyda Ôú; w;aoelSï weh i;= fkdjQjd úh
wyq , j,s h df.a l;d mq j ; mK .eka ù ug
yelsh'•
PROVOKED Ñ;%máh wiu;a fjhs'
úYaj ms%hd
6 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008
 m% :ufhkau wms Tyqg iqN m;uqæ
Y%S ,xldfõ ;reK iudc l%h s dldßlhl= jQ wdkkao .,mam;a;s uy;d
ue.afiafia iïudkfhka msÿï ,enqfõ h'
fujr meje;ajqfka ue.afiafia iïudk Wf<f,ys 50 jk
iïudk Wf<,hs' jd¾Islj meje;afjk fuys wdrïNl iïudk
Wf<f,a§;a ^1958& Y%S ,dxlslfhl= jk fïß
r;akï uy;añh iïudkfhka msÿï ,enqjd h' tys
50 jeks jir ieurE wjia:dfõ§;a th kej; Y%S
,dxlslfhl=g ,eîu Nd.Hhla fia ie,lsh yelsh'
wdkkao .,mam;a;s uy;dg fmr fïß r;akï
uy;añh o we;=¨j Y%S ,dxlslhska kjfofkl=
fuu iïudkhg md;% ù isà'
wdishdfõ fkdfn,a ;Hd.h hk wkaj¾:
kdufhka y÷kajkq ,nk /fudka ue.afiafia
iïudk Wf<, wdrïN lrk ,oafoa 1958
jif¾§h' ms,ms k
S fha ysgmq ckdêm;sjrfhl= jk
/fudka ue.afiafiag Wmydrhla jYfhka

PdhdrEmh( chka;s l=reW;=ïmd,

th Tyqf.a kñka kï fldg ;sfí'
wdkkao .,mam;a;s uy;d" ue.afiafia
iïudkfhka msÿï ,enqfõ Y%S ,dxlsl iudcfhys
.egqug iy iqkdñ jHikhg uqyK q ÿka orejka"
ia;%Ska we;=¿ m%cdjg hym;a ufkda-iudÔh
mßirhla f.dv ke.Sug fodf,dia jirlg lsÜgq
ld,hla ;sifa ia ork fjfyi iy lemlsÍu
fjkqfjks' th ke.S tk kdhl;ajh hk wxYh
hgf;a Tyq fj; ,enqK's
ieneúkau wdkkao .,mam;a;s uy;d ÈkQ fuu
" fï iïudkh
iïudkh" fjkialu msgqolsk" hym;a fyg
ojila wfmaCId lrk ish¨ Y%S ,dxlslhskg a uy;a
ug ú;r;a
wdvïnrhls' th fujka iudc lsh % dldß;ajhka
;j ;j;a ffO¾hu;a lsÍug iu;ajkakls'
idudkH iudcfha§ jeä jYfhka wjOdkhg"
,enqKq fohla
we.ehSug ,lafkdjk fCIa;%hl fjfyildÍ
ld¾h Ndrhla fjkqfjka ish ;reKúh lem
lrñka È.= ld,hla ;sifa ia l%h
s dldÍ jk
fkfjhs'"
wdkkaof.a lemlsÍu fuf,iska we.ehSug ,laùu
i;=gls' fujr yuqfjka wm wdkkao .,mam;a;s ue.afiafia iïudkfhka msÿï ,enQ
uy;d yuqjkafka Tyq ,o iïudkh ms<n s |j l;d wdkkao .,mam;a;s lshhs ' ' '
ny lsÍug fukau ufkda-iudÔh jYfhkaa mSvdjg
,laù isák YS% ,dxlsl iudc h:d¾:h ms<n s |j
úuid ne,Su i|yd;a h'

2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 7

Tfí iudc l%h
s dldrs;j
a h we.ehSu
Wfoid ue.afiafia iïudkfhka
mq o ,eîu Tn ols k a f ka
flfiao@
we;af;kau lsjhq;=hs fï
iïudkh .ek ±kqï§ug
Tjqka ug ÿrl:k weu;=ula
,ndÿka ÿka fudfydf;a ud
mqÿuhg m;ajqKd" ux jf.a mqxÑ
flfkla fujeks iïudkhla
i|yd f;da r df.k we;s nj
wy,d' ux ys;kafka fï
iïudkh ug ú;rla ,enqK
fohla fkfï" tAl ,enqfka wms
fndfyda fofkla fuu
fCIa;%fha lrk ,o lemlsÍï
j,ghs ' fuu jev fuf,i
we.hSu u.ska tAjd ;j ;j;a
uyckhd w;rg f.khdug
mq¿jka fjkjd' ud ys;kjd
ud jf.au fï fCIa;%fha jev
lrk wks;a wh;a fuu
iïudkhg iqÿiafida lsh,d'
ug fuh ,enqfKa fuu
fCIa ; % f ha jevlrk is h ¨
ls%hdldÍka fjkqfjka lsh,d
;uhs ud úYajdi lrkafka'
Tfí ku fuu iïudkhg fhdackd
jQfõ flfiao@
ta .ek yßhgu lshkak
ud okafkakeye' kuq;a óg
wjqreÿ wg kuhlg fmr isgu
Tjqka udf.a iudc
ls%hdldß;ajhka ms<sn|j
úuis,af,ka isg we;s nj ug
miqj oek.kakg ,enqKd'
úm;g uq y q K fok m% c djf.a
ufkda - iudÔh ;;a ; a j hka
hym;a ls Í fï Tnf.a
l% s h dldß;a j hka g mokï jQ
,xldfõ hq o a O h mj;s k
kef.kys r m<df;a m% c dj"
úfYa I fhka ldka ; djka yd
8 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008
orejka uqyqK fok ufkda-
iudÔh m%Yak fukau 2004
jif¾ iqkdñfhka miqj fuu
;;a ; a j hka j¾Okh jQ f ha
flfiao@
iqkdñfhka wfma rfÜ
jf.au ;j;a wdishdkq rgj,a
ls y s m hlu f.dvdla Ôú;
úkdY jq K d' foa m , úkdY
jqKd' ck;dj wj;eka jqKd'
fuhska jeä msßilg ;ukaf.a
mjqf,a wh wysñ jqKd' ia;%Skag
Tjqkaf.a <uhska-iajdñ
mqreIhka wysñ jqKd' iuyr
whg iEufohlau ke;sjqKd'
fï wjia:dfõ§ fYdalh Tjqka
uqyqK ÿka m%Odk ;;a;ajhla'
ta jf.au Nh Tjqkaf.a Ôú;
jidf.k ;snqKd' iqkdñfhka
miqj thg uqyqK ÿka ck;dj
;=< Nhla we;s ù ;snqKd kej;
;ukaf.a ksjig" .ug
meñfKkakg' fya;=j kej;;a
iqkdñhla ths lsh,d'
iqkdñfhka fíß,d
l|jqrej, isá whg
fkdfhl= ; a m% Y a k ;s n q K d'
l|jqre ;=< Ôú;h f,ais keye'
ke;s jQ foaj,a ms<sn`oj ;snQ
fõokdj jf.a u fldfyduo
kej; Ôú;h f.dvk.d
.ka f ka ls h k nh Tjq k a g
;s n q K d' iS ñ ; iïm;a j ,g
;sfnk ;rÕldß;ajh
m%Yakhla jqKd' fï ish¨ foa
ks i d Tjq k a ;= < wkd.;h
ms < s n `oj wúks Y a Ñ ;Ndjhla
we;s ù ;snqKd'
foudmshkag Tjqkaf.a
orejkaj wdrCId lsÍu" Tjqkag
lEu fidhd§u" Tjqka mdi,a
heùu wd§ m%Yak ;snqKd' <uqka
mdi,a heùug yelsjqk;a" fuu
wj;eka j Q orejka j wks ; a
<uhs k a úis k a ms < s . ka f ka
keye idudkH <uqka jYfhka'
iuyr úg" uq,§ ms<s.;a;;a
ál ojila .s h miq Tjq k a
úúOdldr fjkiafldg
ie,lSïj,g Ndckh fjkjd'
ia;%Skag fuu ;;a;ajh n,mEfõ
flfiao @
fuh tl isÿùula muKla
fkfõ' ìß|lg is h ia j dñ
mqreIhd ke;skï iylrejd
wysñ ùfï§ we;s jk fYdalh
iuÕ tu mqoa.,hdf.a iudc
iy wd¾Ól jYfhka we;sjk
fjki ;j;a m%Yak /ila u;=
lsÍug mokï fjkjd'
WodyrKhla jYfhka
.;af;d;a iajdñ mqreIhd wysñ
jQ ia;%shlg ;u ieñhd ke;sjQ
fYdalh;a iuÕ <uqkaf.a yd
wfkl=;a kEoEhkaf.a o
fYdalh;a iuÕ jev lghq;=
lsÍug isÿfjkjd' tA;a iuÕu
iajdñmqreIhd wysñ ùu
fya ; = f jka wehf.a .Dyia :
fukau iudÔh ld¾hNdrh o
fjkia fjkjd' fmr§ weh
úiska lrk ,o jev fldgig
wu;rj is h ia j dñmq r eIhd
úiska lrk ,o jev fldgi
.ek o weh ne,sh hq;= fjkjd'
jkaÈ ,nd.ekSu i|yd
wdKavqfõ ld¾hd,j,g hkak
fjkafka wehghs' iuyr úg
weh óg m%:u fujeks jev
fkdlrkakg we;s' fï i|yd
weh w¿;a yelshdjka ÈhqKq
lr.; hq;= fjkjd' kj wd;au
úYajdihla wehg wjYH
fjkjd' tA ld,fha§ ia;%Skag
iudch iuÕ .eàug isÿùu
m% O dk ÿIa l r;djhla jq K d'
m¾fha I K u.s k a o fï nj
;yjqre ù ;snqKd' óg fmr
fndfyda ia;%Ska f.or jev m,
.ek n,d lshdf.k ysáh;a
iudch;a iuÕ .eà ;snqfKa
keye' tu ksid fuh Tjqkag
wNsfhda.hla jqKd'
ia;%Skag" Tjqka fj;
iïm%odhslj mejÍ we;s
ld¾hNdrfhka msg jev lsÍug
isÿjQ úg úúO m%Yakj,g uqyqK
§ug isÿ fjkjd' wehg
f.oßka t,shg hkak
is ÿ fjkjd uq o ,a Wmhka k '
túg wehg ;u kEoEhskaf.ka
jf.au iudcfhka o
fodaIdfrdamK t,a, fjkjd"
weh wehf.a orejka fyd¢ka
n,d.ka f ka keye ls h ,d'
iudch úiska wehj ielfldg
wehg fpdaokd t,a, lrkjd
wkshï iïnJO;d ;sfhkjd
ls h ,d' túg wehg ;udf.a
m% Y a k j,g wu;rj iudch
úis k a w¨;s k a tl;= lrk
m%Yakj,g o uqyqK §ug
isÿfjkjd'
hqoaOfhka jf.au
iq k dñfhka o úm;g m;a j Q
ia;%Ska fjkqfjka furg ia;%S
ixúOdk úYd, jev fldgila
is ÿ lrñka is á kjd' kuq ; a
fuys§ ud lsjhq;= ldrKhla
jkafka fuu l%shdldrlïj,§
Tjqkaf.a jeä wjOdkh fhduq
jQfha idudÔh iy m%;sm;a;suh
fjkia l ï we;s l r .ekS u
i|ydhs' ta jf.au ,xldfõ ia;%S
jHdmdrh ish wjOdkh mq¿,a
jYfhka furg ia;%Ska uqyqK
fok jHqyd;aul ;,fha m%Yak
fj; fhduq f ldg ;s n q K ;a
;ju;a ufkda-iudÔh fCIa;%h
;= < is h jevlghq ; = mq ¨ ,a
lrf.k keye' we;eï
PdhdrEmh( chka;s l=reW;=ïmd,
zzug wjqreÿ 15-16 ldf,osu ud f;areï f.k
;snqKd iudch úiska msßñkag mdúÉÑ lsÍug
bvlv ,nd§ ;sfnk mqreIdêm;Hhsl n,h
ud lsis Èfkl mdúÉÑ fkdlrk njg'ZZ
ixúOdk WmfoaYk fiajdjka úfYa I fhka ufkda - iudÔh
,nd§u hkdÈfhys fhÿk;a hymeje;au hkq hï
ufkda iudÔh hymeje;a u mqoa.,hl=f.a udkisl fukau
olajd ish l%shdldrlï mq¿,a iudÔh hymeje;au o fjkjd'
fldg ke;snjla ;uhs yqfola fï fCIa;%h wdrïNfha§
olskakg ;sfhkafka' ud olsk jeäfhkau wjOdkh
wdldrhg ,dxlsl ia;%S fhduqjqfka mqoa.,hkaf.a
jHdmdrhg fï ms<sn|j udkisl m%Yak fj; muKhs'
wjOdkh fhduq l< yels kï kuq;a ±ka wks;a rgj, fukau
jeo.;a' ,xldfõ o ms<sf.k ;sfnkjd
mqoa.,hkaf.a udkisl m%Yak
udkisl (Psychological) m%Yak
Tjqkaf.a msgia;r iudch yd
fyda ;;a;ajhka iy ufkda-
iïnJOj mj;sk njg"
iudÔh (psycho-social)
WodyrKhla yeáhg .;fyd;a
m%Yak fyda ;;a;ajhka w;r
jeka o Uq ia ; % s h lg /ls h djla
mj;sk fjkialu l=ulao@
fidhd.ekSu wmyiq ùu
mqoa.,hska uqyqKfok wehf.a wiykh ;j;a jeä
mSvdldÍ we;eï m%Yak Tyq lrkakla fjkjd' fï ksid
fyda weh úiska uqyqK fok wehg wef.a <uhskg
yqÿ udkisl m%Yak jYfhka wdydrmdk ,nd§u Tjq k a f .a
muKla f;a r eï .ekS f uka wOHdmkh i,id§u jeks
tydg .sh mq¿,a iudÔh foaj,a lsÍu wmyiq fjkjd'
fCI;%hla ;=< ú.%y lr.ekSu th wehf.a wiykh ;j;a
ufkda - iudÔh ;;a ; a j hka jeä lrka k la ' we;eï úg
f,i y÷kajkq ,nkjd' /lshdjla ,enqK;a
2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 9
.ukd.ukh i|yd fmdÿ
m%jdyk fiajdjla wehg
fkd,eî .sfhd;a wehg
/lshdj lrf.k hdug
ÿIalr;d u;= lrkjd'
mqoa.,hl=f.a ufkda-iudchSh
hymeje;a u f.dvke.S f ï§
tu mq o a . ,hdf.a jgdms g dfõ
we;s ;;a;ajhka o ie,ls,a,g
f.k l%shd l< hq;= nj
y÷kdf.k ;s f nka f ka fï
ksihs' ufkda-iudchSh m%Yak
ks r dlrKh ls Í u idudkH
ixj¾Ok jev yd taldnoaO úh
hq;=hs' wms iEuúgu n,kjd
ufkda-iudÔh fCI;%fha lrk
jev wfkl=;a wd¾Ól iy
iudÔh ixj¾Ok jev;a iuÕ
iïnJO lr.kafka flfiao
lsh,d'
hqouh ;;a;j a hkag uqyK
q § isák
ck;dj iq k dñ jHikhgo
uqyqK ÿkakdg miqj Tjqkaf.a
ufkda - iudðh hymeje;a u
ixj¾Okh ls Í u Wfoid
Tnf.a l% s h dldß;a j hka
msgqjy,la jqfka flfiao@
uq,skau lshkak ´fka
l%shdud¾. .ekSug m%:u wod,
ck fldgia uqyqK fok m%Yak
iy ;;a;ajhka jvd;a fyd£ka
f;areïf.k ú.%y lr.ekSu
w;HdjYH ldrKhla nj' tu
m%cdj uqyqKfok ienE
;;a;ajhka f;areï fkd.;-
fyd;a wm úiska lrk ms<shï
M,rys; ùug bv ;sfnkjd'
ksjerÈ f;dr;=re fj;
,`.dùu tajd ksis mßÈ ú.%y
lr.ekS u w;HdjYHhs ' fï
i|yd ukd mqyqKqjla fukau
mßphlao wjYH fjkjd
jf.au wod, m%cdj iuÕ ukd
in|;djhla iy úYajdihla
10 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008
f.dv k.d .ekS u g úYd, ufkda-idudÔh wOHdmk
lemlsßula o wjYH fjkjd' mdGud,d we;s lsÍu
iïnJOfhka wm lghq;= l<d
uu ±kg wjq r eÿ 12 lg
jf.a u fï iïnka O fhka
jeä ld,hla fuu fCIa;%fha
lrk ,o úúO m¾fha I K
l%shdldßlfhla f,iska
Tiafia ck;djf.a m%Yak jvd;a
ck;dj iuÕ ðj;a fjñka
úoHd;aulj ú.%yfldg f.k
jev lrkjd' fï ld,h ;=<
ta Tia f ia l% s h dldrs ; a j hka
ck;dj iuÕ tlaj tÈfkod
yev.iajd .;a;d' fï
Tjqka uqyqKfok ;;a;ajhka
iïnkaOfhka mj;sk
f;areï .ksñka lrk
wdkkao .,mam;a;s uy;d fiiq iïudk,dNSka iuÕ'''
zzufkda-iudchSh m%Yak ksrdlrKh lsÍu idudkH
ixj¾Ok jev yd taldnoaO úh hq;=hs'
wms iEuúgu n,kjd ufkda-iudÔh fCI;%fha lrk
jev wfkl=;a wd¾Ól iy iudÔh ixj¾Ok jev;a
iuÕ iïnJO lr.kafka flfiao lsh,d'ZZ
l%shdldrlïj,g wu;rj fiajdjka ,nd.ekSug
úúO m¾fhaIK fukau mqyqKq ck;djg myiq lrùu wruqKq
lsÍï hkd§ jev lghq;=j, lr.;a fkdfhl= ; a jevuq ¿
ksr; ù ;sfnkjd' we;a;gu /iaùï meje;aùu jf.au fuu
fï l% s h dldrlï fndfyda fCIa;f
% hau l%h
s dldÍ msßia tlg
m%;sM,odhl nj wmf.a tAlrdYS lrñka fï jev
úYajdihhs' Rcqju fkdjqk;a iïnJOj fyd| l;sldj;la
ck;djf.a" úfYaIfhka we;s lr.ekSug wm yelshdj
orejka f .a ufkda - iudðh ,nd .;a ; d' tys m% ; s M ,hla
hymeje;au fjkqfjka úYd, f,i wmg yelsjqKd w;a±lSï
fiajhla lrk .=rejre" rcfha iy ±kqu yqjudre lr.ekSu
ks,OdÍka jeks msßia i|yd wm i|yd cd,hla ^Networking)
mqyqKq lsÍï jevuq¿ mj;ajd f.dvk.d .kakg'
;sfnkjd' ,xldfõ úYaj Intervention ^ueÈy;aùu&
úoHd, foll tkï uvl,mqj kñka cd;Hka ; r iÕrdjla
yd fld<U úYa j úoHd,fha ìyslsÍug;a mq¿jka lu
,enqKd' ±ka th wjqreÿ 5la
muK mrKhs' (www.
interventionjournal.com) wms
WmfoaYk fiajdjka o
mj;ajdf.k hkjd th wjYH
wh i|yd' jeka o Uq ldka ; d
lKavdhï iy wfkl=;a
ldka;d lKavdhï
uqK.eiaùï lrkjd' fï u.ska
Tjq k a g " Tjq k a f .a w;a ± lS ï
fnod.ekS u g;a wfkHda k H
ffO¾hh iy Yla;sh
f.dvk.d .ekSug;a
yelsfjkjd'
fuu l%shdldrlïj,§ Tn uqyqK
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iq k dñh;a iuÕ ufkda -
iudchS h fCIa ; % h ckm% s h
úIhhla njg m;a jqKd'
fndfyda msßia fï
iïnka O fhka jev ls Í ug
mgka .;a;d' th fyd|
m%jk;djhla' ta;a wms
iqkdñhg fmr isg fï
ms<sn|j l%shdlrñka isáh ksid
wms ;;a;ajhka wjfndaO
lrf.k isáhd' m%Yakh jqfka
iqkdñh;a iuÕ fï fCIa;%fha
jev mgka .;a; whg fmr
;;a;ajhka ms<sn|j ukd
wjfnda O hla fyda jegyS u la
fkd;sîuhs' yÈisfha isÿlrk
úêu;a fkdjk ueÈy;a ù ï
fujeks fCIa;%hl lghq;=j,§
w¨;a m%Yak we;s lrkq ,nkjd'
fuh wmg hï ;rulg
wNsfhda.hla jqKd' kuq;a wms
uykais .;a;d ud¾f.damfoaY
yokak'
iqkdñ jHikhg wu;rj Y%S
,xldfõ mj;sk .egqïldÍ
;;a;ajhka ;=< tu .egqug
uqyK
q fok ck;djf.a ufkda-
iudchSh ;;a;ajhka hym;a
ls Í u Wfoid mj;s k
ls % h dldß;a j hka oekg
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hq o a O h ufkda u h .eg¿
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mq r kjd' Ôú; ydks ks i d
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ksid we;sjk fYdalh"
wj;ekaùu ksid ysñjk
wiykldÍ;ajh" Ôú;h ms<sn|
ksYaÑ;Ndjhla fkdue;slu"
ysxikhg ,laùu"
wkdrCIs;nj hkd§ úúO m%Yk a wreka o ;S " weh ;ju l= v d
fï w;r fjkjd' we;eï msßia
fuu ckhd kej; mÈxÑ
ls Í ï" fia j d ,nd§u" <uq k a
i|yd úúO jevigyka wd§
l%shdldrlïj, ksr; ù
is á kjd' ud is ; ka f ka tu
jevlghq;= f.dvdla fndfyda
M,odhlhs lsh,d' wms lrk
jevj,ska Tjqkag iaÓr
úi÷ula ,efnka f ka keye
Tjqkaf.a wfkl=;a iudchSh
m%Yak úi÷fka ke;akï' wmsg
Tjqkag Woõ lrkak mq¿jka
fjka f ka tla ; rd iS u djla
olajd muKhs' Tjqkag
ie,iqula yo,dfokak wmg
mq ¿ jks ' kuq ; a wmg neye
Tjqkaf.a fYdalh iodld,slj
ke;s lrka k ' wmg mq ¿ jka
Tjqkaf.a fYdalh wvq lr.kak
Woõ fjkak muKhs' hqoaOhg
uqyqK fok ck;djf.a ufkda-
iudÔh ;;a ; a j hka hym;a
lsÍu i`oyd ;j úYd, jev
fldgila isÿúh hq;=j ;sfnk
nj uf.a woyihs' úfYaIfhka
ia;%Skaf.a iy orejkaf.a
;;a ; a j hka hym;a ls Í ug
lghq;= lsÍu úYd,
ld¾hNdrhla'
oeka Tfnka wika k g hka f ka
fujeks idlÉPdjl§
idïm%odhslj yeu flklau
wik m%Yk a hla' kuq;a wka wh
,Õ fkdue;s iq ú fYa I
ms<s;=rla Tn ,Õ we;ehs hk
úYajdifhka hq;j = fuu m%Yka h
Tfnka wikjd" fu;rï
úYd, l%shdldß;ajhl isáh§
iylrefjla" msfhla yeáhg
Tnf.a ld¾h Ndrhka bgq
lrkafka flfiao @
uf.a ìß| ir,d" ÿj
orefjla' ir,d;a ud;a w;r
fyd| f;areï .ekSula ;sfnk
ks i d f.or fodr j.lS ï
jf.au orejdf.a j.lSu;aa wmg
iudkj fnodf.k bIag
lrkakg mq¿jka fj,d
;sfhkjd' yenehs biair bo,d
ux ;ud f.or Whkafka' ir,d
oeka ;ud álla Whk msysk
me;af;a jev .ek n,kafka'
fldfydu;a wms w;f¾ ;sfhk
wfkHdakH f;areï.ekSu
ks i d;a ;rula ÿrg iudk
fCI;%j, jev lrk ksid;a
wms l;d ny lr,d
tlsfkldf.a jevj,g ndOd
fkdjk wdldrhg j.lS ï
jf.a u jev fldgia fnod
.kakjd' tajf.au tlsfkldf.a
jev lghq;= fjkqfjka
fofokdu lemlsÍï o lrkjd'
ÿj bmÿkdg miafia msfhla
úÈhg ug weh fjkq f jka
lrkak ;snqK jev iSud iys;
jf.a fmkqKd" fudlo orejdg
ls ß §u jf.a ldrKd ks i d
wïug ;ud nnd ,Õ ks;ru
bka k jq f ka ' ta ; a uu nnd
kdjk tl jf.a jev lrkak
mgka .;a;d" t;fldg orejd
2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 11

wdkkao ;u ìß| ir,d iy ÈhKsh wrekao;S iuÕ
fjkqfjka lemlsÍï lsÍug
jf.au j.lSï oeÍug;a ug
mq ¿ jka jq K d' orejd iuÕ
.eUqre iïnkaO;djhla f.dv
k.d .ekS u g;a fuh úYd,
msgqjy,la jqKd'
idïm% o dhs l j .eyeKs h
iy msßñhd w;r fyda uj iy
mshd w;r ;sfhk N+ñld ta
wdldrhgu mj;ajdf.k
hkak ug wjYH jqfka keye
ud ys;k úÈhg ug fï
wdNdIh ,enqfKa wfma
mjqf,ka" uf.a wïudf.kqhs
;d;a;f.kqhs' ta fokakd w;r
;snqfKa mqoa.,hska fofofkl=
w;r ;snqK iïnkaO;djhla
ñi yq f ola .eyeKs f hl= h s
msßñfhl=hs w;r ;sfhk
idïm%odhsl iïnkaO;djhla
fkdfõ' Tjq k a mjq f ,a jev
fnod.;a; wdldrh ud l=vd
l,isgu oelald' ug wjqreÿ
15-16 ldf,os u ud f;a r eï
f.k ;snqKd iudch úiska
msßñkag mdúÉÑ lsÍug
bvlv ,nd§ ;sfnk
mqreIdêm;Hhsl n,h ud lsis
Èfkl mdúÉÑ fkdlrk njg'
tu n, jHqyh fjkia lsÍug
12 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008
.kafka ir,d f.ka' ta jf.au
weh;a uf.a Woõ ,nd.kakjd'
wdorh jf.a u wfkHda k H
.re;a j h iy f;a r eï.ekS u
fofofkl=g tlg ðj;a ùug
wjYH mßirh f.dvk.d
fokjd'
wdkkao fï jkúg ufkda-
iudðh fCIa;%h ;=< lrf.k
wd jev fldgia foi .eUqßka
wdmiq yeÍ n,ñka isà' fï
yryd wkd.; l% s h dldrlï
id¾:l lr.ekSug ux fm;a
fidhd.; yels nj Tyq f .a
úYa j dihhs ' thg wu;rj
ia f õÉPd fia j lfhl= f,i
ufkda-iudÔh fCIa;%fha
lghq ; = lrk ixúOdkj,g
wjYH Wmfoa Y k fia j djka
,ndfok wdkkao Tyqf.a
wdpd¾h Wmdêh i|yd wjYH
fCIa;% iólaIKfha fh§ isà'
Tyq wdpd¾h Wmdêh yodrkq
PdhdrEmh( chka;s l=reW;=ïmd,
,nka f ka ia f ldÜ,ka ; fha
täkanfrda úYaj úoHd,fha iy
laùka ud.%Ü úYaj úoHd,fhahs'
fï i|yd jk ks n ka O kh
i|yd Tyq f;dardf.k
we;af;a mqoa.,hska w;r
l< yels foa lsÍug ud wfma mj;s k iudÔh iïnka O -
mjq , ;= < s k a wdrïN l<d' ;djhka ufkda fi!LH
meie,a ld,fha § ug wdY% h fiajdjka ,nd.ekSug ;sfhk
lrkakg ,enqKq ia;%Sjd§ yelshdjka n,mdkafka flfiao
f,aÅldjka ,shQ foaj,a o fï ^wd¾Ól" iudÔh" mqoa., iy
;;a ; a j hg n,mdka k we;s fmdÿ uÜgñka& hkak
lsh,d ud úYajdi lrkjd' ms<sn|jhs' fï ish¨ ld¾hhka
id¾:l lr.ks ñ ka iuia ;
wm fofokd f.or jev
f,da l m% c dj fjkq f jka u
j,§ ú;rla fkdfõ' wmf.a
iudcuh ld¾h Ndrhkaj,§;a
úYd, fufyjrla ls Í ug
wdkka o .,ma m ;a ; s uy;dg
tlsfkldf.a iyfhda.h ,nd
yels fõjdhs wms m% d ¾:kd
.kakjd' t;rï fyd¢ka ud
fkdoka k d we;eï úIhka lruqæ •
ir,d fyd¢ka okakd ixjdoh iy igyk
wjia : djka j ,§ ud Wmfoia iqf,dapkd fld<Uf.a
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f,dlals

zw msg ldf,lska
fldfya j ;a hka k
neßjqKd' ksjdvq ldf, huqo
—fï ojiaj, oekaùïj,
;shkafku foaYmd,fka'˜
msh,a lsõj'
fldya yß'˜ msh,a lEu
—kE'''' tfyuu;a kE' wms
lk.uka weyqjd'
kï Y%S,dxlslu yhs,hsÜ
—fldfyao fldfyao wfma lrkj' cd;s fNaohla kE"
f,djla wdÈ ldf,l mgka mej;
msh,a
tl;=j tk isß;a úß;a" mjq,a w;r
fldfyao fldfyao wfma
m%Yakhla' tA;a cd;Ska w;r ;sfhk ne£ï
rgla'''''' lshd,d fydhdf.k
.ek iyfhda.h .ek'˜
huqo biair jf.a˜ iqkaoÍ tA yeufoau ueo Ôúf;a
yskdjqkd' msh,a tA yskdjg wdofrka f.ú, hkjd fkao —tfyuj;a wfma
yßu leu;shs' iqkaoÍ fou<' lsh, msh,ag ys;=K' ñksiaiqkaf. T¿j,g fyd|
msh,a isxy,' uq¿ rgu foaj,a fokj kï tAl yß
iqkaoÍg ,shkak mq¿jka
cd;sjd§ foaYmd,khl mskla iqkaoÍ' ñksiaiq udOH
fou<" bx.%Sis fndfydu
meg,s,d' fldfydug;a yryd yrj;a foa ,nd.kak
wmQrejg' ks¾udKd;aulj'
hqoaOh foaYmd,k leu;shs' tA;a wfma rfÜ
isxy,;a fyd¢ka ,shkak
jqjukdjla' udOHj,g fndfyduhla pek,a
lshkak mq¿jka' fï NdId
m%jD;a;shla' iudkH lrkafk *ekagis ks¾udKh
;=fkkau jev lrkak we;s
ck;djg oefjk wd¾Ól lrk tl ú;rhs'˜ msh,a
yelshdj;a ´kEu ;ekl
m%Yak je,l wdrïNhla' iqkaoÍf. flia msßuÈñka
lemS fmksñka jev lrkak
lsõjd' msh,af. lúh iqkaoÍ'
—tA;a fldfyayß hkak ;sfhk yelshdj;a ksid
.sh;a uÕ È.g m%Yak ;uhs wE cx.u ÿrl:kh —tA;a ux yß m%Yafkl˜
f.dvhsfka ux ksid Th;a wdh;khl m%pdrl iqkaoÍ fyñysg lsõjd'
ú|jkj'˜ iqkaoÍf. lg y~ ks,Odßkshla jqfka' msh,af. uqyqKu
ì|, wrCIl m%Yak' ñksiaiqkaf.a ys;a.kak ,shk m%Yakd¾:hla'
ye÷kqïm;a mÍCId lrk tl;a fndfydu iqkaor
fohla' yßhg iqkaoÍ jf.a' —kE l,n, fjkak tmd'
wdrCIl ks,OdÍkag iqkaoÍ"
fldai,d .ek ug thdj

2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 13

olsk fldg flaka;s tkj' wdfj wehs msh,a'''˜ iqkaoÍ wka;sug Th jf.a n¨ jev
ux okafk kE ux .eg¿ ,sykak yokj' ux lrkafk keyehs lsh,
fldfyduo tA flaka;sh t,j, oeïud' t;fldg
—tAfl fya;=j fïlhs'
md,kh lr.kafk lsh,' hka;x me;a;lg jqkd''''˜
fldai,d .ek ñksiaiq ys;x
tlg jevlrk fldg ;ry
bkafk fndfydu wysxil —wmrdfo Thd thdj
fmkakkak nE' tA;a uf.a
flfkla úÈyg fkao@'''˜ n,a,kag iudk lf<a'
T*Sia tfla wh okakj ux
n,af,d ;dmafmlg ll=,
fyd|g ,shkj lsh,' —Tõ''' yhsfhka l;d
biaiqjg le,E m;a;r
tA jf.au fl,ska l;d lrkafkj;a keyefka''''˜
,shkafk keyefka''' msh,a
lrkjh lsh,' tA m%;srEmh
—Thd T*Sia tfla fl,ska uy yhsfhka yskdfj,d
lv, odkakhs thd tA jf.a
l;d lrk" fl,ska jev lsõjd''' iqkaoÍg;a yskd .shd'
fhdackdjla lrkak we;af;'
lrk tA jf.au fyd|g wfma Ôú;j, fudk;rï
tA ú;rla fkfuhs ux tA
rdcldÍ ,shqï ,shk m%Yak ;snqk;a ieye,a¨fjka
ks¾kdñl ,shqu ,sh, thdg
flfkla''''˜ f.ú, hkj fkao lsh,
ÿkak kï" ug riaidj;a
wEg ys;=k'˜
ke;s fjkj' thdg tAl;a Tõ''' b;sx ,shqula ,shd
lrkak ´k fjkak we;s'˜ .kak;a yefudau ux —Thd okakjo msh,a
miafiu tkjfka' fyd|u foa''' oex fldai,d
—;uqkaf. fndiaf.
rdcldß jerÈ fmkakkak
;sfhk fyd|u úÈy le,E —wmrdfo Thd thdj n,a,kag iudk lf<a'
m;a;f¾ lsh, tA .EKs
ys;kj we;s' fldfydu;a
n,af,d ;dmafmlg ll=, biaiqjg le,E m;a;r
iqkaoÍ thd Thdg wdY%hg ,shkafk keyefka'''ZZ msh,a uy yhsfhka
fyd| flfkla fkfuhs' yskdfj,d lsõjd''' iqkaoÍg;a yskd .shd'
yefrk yefrk me;a;g
fndre lshk" wdh;khl
rdcldÍ ,shqï lshqï br, —tAl ;uhs iqkaoÍ thd ;uhs ms%hka;g lfâ
yx.k" tAfl bkak Thd miafikau weú,a, hkafk'''˜ iqkaoÍ lshjkj'
ñksiaiqkag úreoaOj le,E thdg ,shkak ´k foaj,a ^ms%hka; lshkafk iqkaoÍf."
m;a;r ,sh, fokakh lsh, Thdg lsh, ,shj.kak fldai,df. fndia& msh,af.
;j;a ks,Odßfhla miafi yeÿfj' thdf. mrud¾:h lg fldKl iskyjla'
hk .EKsfhla fyd|hs jqfka thdg wjYH foa bgq iqkaoÍ Ôúf;a yeufohlau
lsh,o Thd ys;kafk'˜ msh,a lrf.k tA l=Kq Thdf.a msh,ag lshkj' Ôúf;a .eg¿
lshjf.k hkj iqkaoÍ kñka t<solajkak' t;fldg ,syd.kak fyd| w;aje,la
wyf.k ysáh' fldai,d Thd fuÉpr l,a f.dv ´k' iqkaoÍf.a w;aje,
olskak olskak ;uqkaf. k.df.k ysgmq m%;srEmh msh,a' yeuodu;a msh,a tlal
fldamh weúf,k tlg bjr fjkj'''˜ msh,a meyeÈ,s m%Yak .ek l;d lrkak
fudlo lrkafk lsh,hs l<d' mq¿jka'
iqkaoÍg ys;=fk'
—tAl ;uhs msh,a tA .Eks —oeka .Eksg le,E
—fldai,dg ´k jqfka ´l ,shj.kak ux miafiu m;a;f¾ wu;l fj,d we;s'
fndiag úreoaOj ks¾kdñl wdfj' tA ldf,;a ux ysáfh ms%hka;;a ta .ek okafk
,shqula tjkak' tAl ,sh, tA fhdackdj .ek yßu keyefka' fldfydug;a
fokakh lsh, wjqreoaolg;a flaka;sfhka' fldÉpr l=Kqj,g l=Kq tl;= fjkj'
jeä ld,hla ux miafiu nekako ux''' tA;a ,eÊc kE' tAl ;uhs oeka isoaOfj,d

14 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008

we;af;'''' tfyu fkao uf.a
iqkaoÍ'''˜ msh,a w;mh
jkñka rÕ olajkj' iqkaoÍ
iskyiqkd' iskyfjñka .;
lrk Ôúf;a fldÉpr
ieye,a¨o@
—fï Tlafldu wms
wu;l lruq iqkaoÍ' Thd
ksjerÈu foa l<d' fldÉpr
n,mEï wdj;a Thd my;a
jev lf<a kE' fyg;a Thdg
yhsfhka lE .y, lshkak

www.normankoren.com
mq¿jka' Thd fldÉpr
ksjerÈo" fldhs;rï Rcq
m%;sm;a;s ;sfhkjo lsh,'
ux okakj uf.a f,dlals
ljodj;a kSp jev lrkafk
ke;s fl<ska ;SrK .kak
flfkla lsh,' ux Thd
T;am, fkdjQ lúh
.ek yß wdïnrhs iqkaoÍ"
Thd ksjerÈhs lsh,
yefudau ms<s.kSú' msh,a u,dksl weiaj,ska Th ú,i fkdn,kak
wdofrka meyeÈ,s l<d'''˜ flavEß w;ska f.k fï fnfy;a ál fndkak
kdia mqvq yl=¨jd iqj| bj fkdlrkak
—tA;a uf.a ys;g tk
l<" fkdl< je/oaog neye iud b,a,kak
flaka;shg fudlo
lrkafk@˜
levm;ska uqyqK ne¨jd fia, .; orka
—tA .Eks fudkj oEi fmdä l<d Tn n,d b| ug fydfrka
lr.;a;;a Thdg lula kE' fnfy;a ál .kak fodia;rf. ;=Kavqj wrka
my;a jev lrk flfkla fkdnei mdrg fuf,i fjk l=ula ux lrka
fyd| ñ;%fhla fkfuhs'
tAl wu;l lrkak' thd ieris,d iuk,sh ú,igu bia;rï
.dj ke;s ieye,a¨j i;=g .s,ka kqU oud f.hs hd hq;=h blaukska
wms <Õ ;sfhkjfka' oex jpkfhka fkdfodvdu yQ,a,d ys; háka
b;sx i;=áka buq''''˜ msh,af. ulalrkako b;ska kdvkak r;a;rx
jpk iqkaoÍf. is; f;;a
l<d' jerÈ jev fkdlrk Ôúf;a nr jeähs l+vqfõ i;=g flda
l,a Rcq m%;sm;a;s ;sfhk fh!jfka ;ju ux riÿkla fk;g flda
l,a fldÉpr n,mEï wdj;a lmamrla me;=ï Wv mdj.sh isysk flda
ug ux .eku wdvïnr jdre ke;s w;aje,g ms<shula fjkska flda
fjkak mq¿jka fkao lsh,
wEg;a ys;=kd'• úkS;d udfk,a .uf.a
tâkd u,aldka;s

2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 15

 ixialD;sh
l=ulao@
stock.xchng.com
i xia l D;s h ks ¾ jpkh ls Í fï §
zz
zfygZ hkak fndfydaúg
fhdod.kafka
miq Èk hkak i|yd jqj;a
th lsis Èkl <Õd fkdjkakls'
zn,uqZ hkafkka woyia jkafka
zTõZ hkak lSu u.yeÍug .kakd
W;aidyhla fukau lsishï
iaÓr fmdfrdkaÿjla §u
u.yeÍfuka jk wm%idohg
uqyqK fkd§ug .kakd m%h;akhls'
wjidk jYfhka wmf.a wdl,amh
tl jpkhlska leá fldg
ZZ
±laúh yel'
1616 weh² ²2 2l,dmh
weh l,dmh² ²2008
2008
hkq
.=Kdx. ;=kla jeo.;a fõ'
m<uqfjkau ixialD;sh mqoa.,hskag fkdj
ñks i a iuq y hlg wh;a h ' fojeks j th
myiqfjka wjfndaO lr.; yels ,sÅ; kS;s
Í;s j ,g jvd fmdÿ yrhka f .ka yd
u;hkaf.ka iukaú;h' ;=kajeksj
woDYHudk .%yKh l< fkdyels
ixialD;sh m%ldYhg m;a jkafka iuQy
Ndú;dfjks' lsishï ixialD;shla
ieneúka u wjfnda O lr.ekS f ï tlu
wdldrh jkafka th je<|f.k ta ;=<g
nei th w;a±lSfuka hehs uu is;ñ' Tng
Tnf.a u ixia l D;s h " úfYa I fhka tys
mj;sk yrhka yd iïm%odhhka
y÷kd.ekSu w;sYfhkau ÿIalr jkafka th
Tngu Ô¾K ù we;s fyhsks' tfia jqj;a
msg;ska isg n,kúg" úfYaIfhkau Tnf.a
ixialD;sfhka fjkia tajd foin,k úg
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u;hka iy wdl,amhka ckfldgia yd úúO
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ixl,amhla bÈßm;a jkafka ,kafoais uydpd¾h
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j,sks' 1970 uq,a ld,fha § Tyq f,dj l,dm
;=klg wh;a rgj,a 70 la wdjrKh jk fia
lrk ,o wOHhkhlska ,nd.;a o;a; wkqj
ixialD;sl fjkialï y÷kd .ekSug W;aidy
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wjfnda O lr.ekS u g W;a i dy ls Í fï §
m%fhdackj;a úh yel'
iduqyl
s ;ajhg tfrysj
fm!oa.,sl;ajh
m<uq me;s u dkh jka f ka iduq y s l ;a j hg
tfrysj fm!oa.,sl;ajhhs' bka i,ld n,kafka
ñks i q k a fl;rï ÿrg lKa v dhula f,i
ixhqla; jkafkao hkak fyda iduqysl f,i
lghq;= lrkafka o hkakhs' Y%S ,xldj jeks
rgl m%n, iduqysl ixialD;shla mj;S' wms
Wmf;a isgu lKavdhulg ne£ Bg wka;¾.;j
is á uq ' wms wm .ek ks ; r fidhdn,k"
fldka f oa i s úrys ; ju mla I md;S jk udud"
kekaod iy wdÉÑ" iShd iu. ^iuyr úg Tjqka
f,a kEoEhska o fkdfõ'& tl jy,la hgf;a
isáuq' bka wm bf.k.;a mdi,g we;s ±ä
ne¢hdj o meyeÈ,s flf¾' zfrdah,siaÜZ flfkl=
fyda zf;dañhka Z flfkl= ùfï ^rdclSh iy
Ydka; f;dauia hk úoHd,Sh YsIHfhl= ùfï&
wkkH;djh urKh olajdu wdvïnrfhka
mj;ajdf.k hhs' isiqkaf.ka msÍ .sh mx;shl
.=rejrhd m%Yakhla weiq úg Tn Bg ms<s;=r
okakd kuq;a w; tiùug fmr mx;sfha fjk;a
flfkl=;a ms<s;=r okafka o hkak ksYaph
lsÍug bfjka fuka jg msg n,kq we;' iduqysl
ixialD;shl fjkiaùu wfkla whf.a
fldamhg fya;= úh yel' tuksid ñksiqka ;u
fm!oa.,sl;ajh m%ldY lrkafka l,d;=rlsks'
wms iuqyh wkqj huq' Tn ijia hduhl ksoyia
p;=rY%h yryd jdykhlska hkafka kï tlu
Èidjg weúÈk ish.Kka fokd ±lsh yel'
th ksy~j wkq.ukh lrk Í;shls' ta ms<s.;a
l%uhhs' fuh wmf.a iduqysl ixialD;sfha tla
m%ldYkhls'
n, ÿria:Ndjh
cd;sl ixialD;sfha fojeks me;s udkh
jkafka by< my< mßudKfhka uefkk n,
ÿria:Ndjhhs' n, ÿria:Ndjh hkafka woyia
jkafka iudcfha n,fhka wvq idudðlhska
n,h wiudk f,i fn§hEu ms<s.kafka yd
wfmalaId lrkafka fl;rï ÿrg o hkakhs'
ñka woyia jkafka tys wkq.dñlhska fukau
kdhlhska úiska o iudcfha wiudk;djh
fl;rï ÿrg wkqolafka o hkakhs' ´kEu
iudchl n,h yd wiudk;djh we;af;kau
uQ , s l .;s ,la I Khls ' ziEu iudchla u
wiudkh' tfy;a iuyr iudchka jvd;a
wiudk fõ'Z wmf.a rfÜ n, ÿria:Ndjh b;d
by<h' fuh wm mx;shg .=rejrfhl= meñfKk
úg ke.S isàfuka fyda wmf.a foaYmd,lfhl=
;u jdykfhka hk úg uyu. isák idudkH
ck;dj bj;a lrk wdldrfhka fmka k q ï
flf¾' bka woyia jkafka iudcfha jvd;a
n,j;a mqoa.,hskag ióm ùu tu iduqyslhg
wh;a fkdjk whg wiSre njhs' ÿmam;=ka yd
fmdfydi;= k a w;r mr;rh jeä ùu n,
ÿria:Ndjfha jvd;a jeäùuls'
iel iys; nj u. yeÍu
iel iys ; nj u.yeÍu ^Uncertainty
Avoidance& hkafka woyia jkafka iudchl
idudðlhska ieliys; fyda fkdo;a
;;ajhkaf.ka ;¾ckhg ,laj we;ehs is;k
2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 17
m%udKhhs' m%n, f,i ieliys; nj u.yeÍfï
;;a;ajhla mj;sk iudchkays wjodkï nj
je<elaùug fyda u.yeÍug ±ä W;aidyhla
.kakd w;r tjeks iudchl ieliys; nj
u. yeÍug fndfyda kS;s Í;s mj;S' tys iel
iys; nj igka l< hq;= ksrka;r ;¾ckhla
f,i olS' tuksid tys by< uÜgul wd;;shla
mj;S' ñksiqka wdl%uKh yd Woafõ.h jvd;a
ksoyiaj m%ldY lrk w;r Bg fjkia foh
wka;rdodhl f,i olS' Y%S ,xldfõ idfmalaI
jYfhka ÿ¾j, ieliys ; nj u.yeÍfï
;;a ; a j hla mj;S ' fuh b;d ,ia i kg wm
ixjdofha § ks;r fhdod.kakd jpk ;=klska
meyeÈ,s fõ' zfygZ hkak fndfydaúg fhdod
.kafka miq Èk hkak i|yd jqj;a th lsis
Èkl <Õd fkdjkakls' zn,uqZ hkafkka woyia
jkafka zTõZ hkak lSu u.yeÍug .kakd
W;aidyhla fukau lsishï iaÓr fmdfrdkaÿjla
§u u.yeÍfuka jk wm%idohg uqyqK fkd§ug
.kakd m%h;akhls' wjidk jYfhka wmf.a
wdl,amh tl jpkhlska leá fldg ±laúh
yel' zTfya bkakjd'Z bka woyia jkafka ksYaÑ;
wruqKla ke;sj isàuh' wmf.a iduqysl;ajh
.ek Woï jqj o iuDoaêh yd wdl%uKh yd
Woafõ.h ms<sn| yeÕSula há ysf;a ieÕj mj;S'
wms wo .ek muKla is;k kuq;a fyg wu;l
lr ouuq' fï ksid Y%S ,xldfõ mdßfNda.slhska
fndfydafofkla NdKavhl .=Khg jvd ñ,
.ek muKla Wkka ÿ fjka f ka wo lrk
.kqfokqjla fyg NdKavhl we;s .=Khg jvd
jákd fyhsks'
mqreINdjhg tfrysj ia;;
S% j
a h
ixialD;shla uekSfï isõjeks me;sudkh
f,i ye¢ka f jka f ka mq r eINdjhg tfrys j
ia;%S;ajh jYfhks' fuu ku ;rula fkdu.
hjk iq ¿ jq j o tys wka ; ¾.;h cd;s l
ixialD;shla y÷kd.ekSug uQ,sl fõ' ia;%S mqreI
N+ ñ ld meyeÈ,s j ks ¾ jpkh l< iudchla
fyd*aáfv mqreI f,i y÷kajhs' msßñkag yd
ia;%Skag tlu N+ñld bgq l< yels yd tlu
l%shdldrlï l< yels iudchla fyd*aáfv
ia;%S f,i y÷kajhs' fndfyda iudchkays ñka
woyia jkafka mqreIhska ks¾Nh" ±ä yd fN!;sl
id¾:l;ajh flf¾ keUqre jk w;r ia;%Ska
úkS;" uqÿ fudf<dla yd Ôú;fha
.=Kd;aulNdjh .ek Wkkaÿ jk wh f,isks'
18 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008
Y%S ,xldj fuu mßudKfha w;r ueo isà'
ia;%Skag msßñkaf.a N+ñldj bgq lsÍug Èßu;a
fkdlrk kuq;a ia;%S kdhsldjka yd fkdfhl=;a
;ekaj, ;SrK .ekSfï uÜgïj, o ia;%Ska
fndfydafofkla o isá;s' tfy;a iïm%odhslj
ia;%Skaf.a ;ek jkafka ksji yd mjq,hs' tuksid
wo ia;%shg mjq, mj;ajdf.k hEu yd jD;a;shla
lsÍu w;sYfhka ÿIalrh' Y%S ,xldfõ ia;%sh yd
mq r eIhd w;r fn§u b;du;a meyeÈ,s h '
idohlg .sh úg ia;%Ska tl me;a;l;a mqreIhska
wfkla me;af;a;a isákq ±l .; yel' tys§
ms ß ñka lrk foh" u;a m eka mdkh" ia ; % S k a
fkdl< hq;=h'
tl cd;sl ixialD;shl mjd fjkia Wm
ixialD;Ska fndfyda mej;sh yel' ksoiqkla
jYfhka mq¿,a iudcfha iduqysl ixialD;shla
mj;sk kuq;a Tfí jev mf<a fjkia wdldrhl
ixialD;shla jvd;a lemS fmfkkq we;' mjq,a
;=< mjd fjkia ixialD;Ska ±lsh yel' fuh
úfYaIfhka ixl%ñl mjq,a ;=< mj;S' f.or§
tla;rd wdldrhl kS;sÍ;s n, meje;afjk
w;r mdif,a § fyda jev mf<a § wod, jkafka
iïmQ¾Kfhka fjkia tajdh' fuh .egqug
fya;=jla úh yel'
ksoiqkla jYfhka iel iys; nj u. yeÍu
ie,lsh hq;= wdldrfhka wvq uÜgul mj;sk
rgl ls i s h ï fohl iEu lreKla .eku
ie,iqï lsÍug mqreÿ ù ke;skï tjeks ie,iqï
lsÍu wjYH jev m<l jev lsÍu ;rula wmyiq
úh yel' iduqysl ixialD;shl isg meñKs
Tnf.ka iEu l%shdjlgu yd m%;sM,hlgu
Tn fm!oa.,slju j.lSug ne£ula wfmalaId
lrkafka kï th Tng ;rul wmyiqjla úh
yel' tjeks ixialD;sl fjkialï fndfydaúg
ñksiqka yd cd;Ska w;r uyd .egqïj,g uQ,hla
o fõ'
wmf.a wjOdkh fhduq úh hq;af;a úúO jQ
mqoa.,hskaf.ka ieÿï ,;a cd;shlg fmdÿj
we;a f ;a l= u la o hka k .ek úkd wmf.a
fjkia l ï .ek fkdfõ' fjkia l ï úi|d
.ekS u g W;a i dy ls Í fï § mgka .ekS u g
b;du;a fyd| ;ek jka f ka wmf.a fmdÿ
ixialD;shhs'•
f¾j;S pjq,d
mßj¾;kh - uyskao y;a;l
TmaIkaia 39 jeks l,dmfhka Wmqgd.kakd ,§'
 fï fudfydf;a§;a f,dafla fld;ekl
fyda .sks lkaola mqmqrd hkak mq¿jka'
fï fudfydf;a .sks lkao msmsß,d .sh;a" wms
l¿ cQ , s h

ys;kafk kE tA .sKslkao fï fudfydf;u l¿ cQ,sh

we;sjqKq tlla lsh,d' tAl hï ld,hla ;siafia
N+ .¾Nh ;=< we;sjqKq ls%hdj,shl m%;sM,hla
lshk tl wms ksYaÑ;ju okakjd' b;sx wms l¿ cQ,h
s
fïl WodyrKhla úÈyg iudchg wdfoaY
lrkfldg iudcfha we;sjqKq hï p,khla
tfjf, we;sjqKq ixisoaêhl m%;sM,hla úÈyg l¿ cQ,h
s
jvd hï ld,hla ;siafia iudch ;=< Tvqÿjdmq
ls%hdj,shl m%;sM,hla úÈyg lshjkak W;aidy l¿ cQ,h
s
lrkjd' tA;a fï úêl%uh ksidu" wmsg ;j;a
fndfyda jeo.;a foaj,a fkd±kSu uÕyeß,d
hkjd' l¿ cQ,h
s

w÷re cQ,f
s hys" u;lh"
wjÈ lrkakg fkdj'''
huy, mqmqr,d msg;, u;=fjkak" N+.¾Nh
;= < ld,hla ;s i a f ia j¾Okh fjka k ´k óg wjqreÿ 25 lg fmr"
jf.au" tAl hï fudfyd;l§ mqmqrd u;=fjkak ,dxlSh iudch u; ÿ¾j¾K
idhïj,ska is;a;ï jqKq
hï ksYaÑ; idOl lSmhla tlg tl;= fjkak;a
w÷re me,a,u ms<sn|j
´k' ú.%y lsÍu ms<sn| wmf.a uq,a úêl%uh
Tng u;l we;ehs is;uq'
ksid fukak fï ksYaÑ; iqúfYaIS fudfyd;
,dxlSh ck iudch
wmg uÕ yeß,d hkjd' b;sx" fï ksYaÑ; wdf,dalfha isg w÷r lrd
fudfyd;la " fï fudfyd; we;s ù fï mQ ¾ j .uka werUQ
ls%hdj,sh;a lshk folu tlg .;a; tA uQi, f.dïuka hduh ksidu"
úYaf,aIKhlg hkak wms W;aidy lrkjd tu isÿùu isÿ jQ udih"
kï" tA jf.au tAl iudÔh idOlj,§ Wmfhda.S kslïu kslï cQ,sh f,iska fkdj
lr.kakjdkï" fndfyda wjdikdjka; isÿùï zzl¿ cQ,shZZ f,iu
j<lajd .kak wmsg yelshdjla we;sfõú' tjeks wjmeye úfYaIKhla o iys;j
wjdikdjka;' isÿùïj, wl%Sh f.dÿre njg b;sydihg tl;= jqKd'
m;aùfuka je<lS" isÿùu iu;hlg m;alsÍug
iu;a il%Sh ueÈy;alrejka fõú' wms ;ju;a
tjeks W;aidyhlg iQodkï o lshk tlkï
nrm;, m%Yakhla'
óg wjqreÿ 25 lg fmr" ,dxlSh iudch
u; ÿ¾j¾K idhïj,ska is;a;ï jqKq w÷re
me,a,u ms<sn|j Tng u;l we;ehs is;uq'
,dxlSh ck iudch wdf,dalfha isg w÷r lrd

2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 19

.uka werUQ tA uQi, f.dïuka hduh ksidu"
tu isÿùu isÿ jQ udih" kslïu kslï cQ,sh
f,iska fkdj zzl¿ cQ,shZZ f,iu wjmeye
úfYaIKhla o iys;j b;sydihg tl;= jqKd'
wfmau wi,ajeis oñ< ñksiqkag tfrysj Tjqka
u; uq o dy, ys x ikh" iudch ;= < fï
fudfyd; olajdu fuf;la we;s jQ fndfyda
is ÿ ùï Tia f ia foda x ldrfoñka tls f kl
megf,ñka ú;a wm bÈßfha wmg wNsuqL jkq
±lsh yelsh's jfrl th nihl mÈl fõÈldjl"
ÿïßh ueÈßhl mqmqrd hk fndaïnhlskq;a"
W;= f ¾ mdi,la fyda frda y ,la u;g weo
yef,k fnda ï n j¾Idjls k q ; a " W;= f ¾§;a
ol= f Ka § ;a ñh hk" wmg wys ñ jk wfma u
fidhqre fidhqßhkaf.kq;a ksrEmkh fjñka
wmg wNsuqL jk w;ru" ;j;a jfrl th
wiS ñ ; f,i by< k.s k nvq ñf,kq ; a "
wmf.a W;aidyh;a"
wmf.a Wjukdj;a jkafka"
j¾.jd§ f,a msmdis;
wdYdjka ;=rka lrñka ck Ôú;h
;=< ls£ hk whqßka jd¾.sl
ifydaor;ajh iys; w¿;a ,dxlSh
ck ú{dkhla f.dvke.Suhs'
wOHdmkh iy fi!LHh we;=¿ fmdÿ fiajd
lmamdÿfjkq;a" wld¾HCIu;djh iy ¥IKh
idudkHlrKhg ,laùfukq;a" wmg wNsuqL
fjñka mj;S"
fï ms<sn|j wmf.a ú.%yh fln÷o@ tA i|yd
lrk wmf.a ueÈy;aùu ljrdldro@ ,efnk
ms<s;=ßka wmsg iEysSulg m;aúh yelso@
iEySulg m;aùu ;nd" Bg wju
W;aidyhlaj;a idudÔhj f.dvke.S fkdue;s
nj" wmf.a woyihs' wm by; i|yka l<
wfkal fÄojdplhka iy wfkal mSvdjka"
iuia ; ckiudchu ueÈy;a is ; s k a bjid
jodrñka isá;s' ñksia iudchla uqyqK § isák
nrm;, fÄojdplSh ;;a;ajhl§" ñksiqkaf.a
ks y ~ wkq u e;s h ;a " ;u ;uka f .a yq f ol,d
f,dalj, tÈfkod lghq;= iuÕ ld¾hnyq,j
isrùu;a kqÿre wkd.;fha iqúi,a lvdjeàul
20 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008
fmrksñ;s i,l=Kq lrk nj wmf.a
wjfndaOhhs'
úismia jirl w÷re b;sydifha
ixfla;d;aul uQ,drïNhl fudfyd;" zz83-
cQ,shZZ jißka jir wod, Èkfha§ ieuÍulg
iS u dfjhs kï th wm ls i s f ia ; a wkq u ;
fkdlruq' th yqfola ixo¾Ykd;aul
lghq;a;lg tyd .sh hula fkdjk nj wms
fyd|dldrju oksuq' wmf.a W;aidyh;a" wmf.a
Wjukdj;a jka f ka " j¾.jd§ f,a ms m dis ;
wdYdjka ;=rka lrñka' ck Ôú;h ;=< ls£
hk whqßka jd¾.sl ifydaor;ajh iys; w¿;a
,dxlSh ck ú{dkhla f.dvke.Suhs'
tA ksidfjkau" fujr wmf.a w÷re cq,sh
mdol lr.;a iduQysl ls%hdldß;ajh flfrys"
wms lsisÿ whqrlska iEySulg m;afkdfjuq' th
b;d iq¿ msßila iuÕ ckjd¾.sl iduhla
hqoaOh keje;aùu;a wruqKq lr.;a" b;d l=vd
W;aidyla muKS' tfy;a tu W;aidyh ol=fKa
iudch" wd¾Ól mSvkh yd foaYmd,k u¾okh
flfrys;a" W;=f¾ úkdYldÍ hqoaOh flfrys;a"
W;= f ¾ úkdYldÍ hq o a O h flfrys ; a " is i s r
ksødjlg t<U we;s hq.hl idOdrK ksjy,a
iudchla flfrys jk ñksia wdhdpkfhys¦
n,dfmdfrd;a ; = f õ l= v d myka is , la f,i
w;sYh ;SrKd;aulh'
fuh fu;eku iSud fkdlr" iqNjd§ m%;sM,
jy jyd ìys lr.; yels" iduc ls%hdldß;ajhla
olajd j¾Okh lr.ekSu wmf.a wruqKhs' Bg-
Tnf.a odhl;ajh fkdue;skï" lsisfia;a l<
fkdyels jkq we;' tfy;a Tnf.a woyia iy
wmf.a woyia w;r mriamrhka" fkd.e,mSï
;sìh yel' th" Tn wm w;r f.dvk.d .kakd
wLKav udkqIsl ixjdohla weiqßka
ixys ¢ hdjlg /f.k tA u g W;a i dy lruq '
tu.ska Tfí;a" wfma;a" wm ish,a,kaf.a;a is;Su
ÈhqKq udkqIsl uÜgï olajd j¾Okh lr.;
yelsjkq we;'
tA i|yd bÈß ls%hdldß;ajhka yd tlaj Tng"
wmg ifyda o rd;a u lj w;a j e,a ne|.ks ñ ka
Yla;su;a úh yels hehs wms ;Èka úYajdi lruq'•
m%§ma chr;ak
Ôú;h Wfoid iduQyslh fjkqfjka
 i xj¾Okhlska f;drj rgla ÈhqKq l<
fkdyels h ' ixj¾Okhls k a f;drj
ÈhqKq jQ rgj,a o ke;' wfma rg .ek jqjo
yuqod fiajdfõ
kshq;= jQjkaf.a
lshkakg we;af;a tA álh' lDIs ld¾ñl fõjd
ld¾ñl fyda fõjd l=uk wdldrhl ìßkaoEjreka .; jQ
ixj¾Okhla jqj;a wkd.;h foi n,d ie,iqï ld,fha jekaoUqjka
fkdl<fyd;a ixj¾Okh mdrdj<,a,la ù uq¿
rggu ßojkq we;' wys;lr jQ;a nrm;, jQ;a jQ w;r Tjqkag kï
m%;sM,j,ska ck;djg ßojkq we;' ish ieñhdf.a
fjfiiskau mßirh .ek fkd;ld isÿlrkq jegqfmka Ôj;a úh
,nk ixj¾Okfhka isÿjkafka wjevlauh
lSfjd;a th wi;Hfhka f;drh' yelsh' tfy;a
we;eï Wkau;a;l md,lhska iy wdKavqj f.dú;efkka Ôj;a
úis k a ls % h d;a u l lrkq ,nk T,fudÜg, jQ f.dú mjq,l
ixj¾Ok ls%hdoduhka ksid wmg isÿù we;s
wksgq úmdl wmuKh'
f.ysñhd ñh .sh
l< Tjqkag tl

w,s remsh,a mylaj;a

,efnkafka

ñksia .egqu yd
fld;ekskao
@
úh<s l,dmSh .;jQ oYl lsysmh ;=< úúO wruqKq Tiafia
furgg ßx.d .;a nyqcd;sl idud.ï wfma
uyfmd<j nrm;, f,i mdúÉÑ lrñka
jekaoUqjkaf.a wdrïN lrk ,o wfma fmd<jg mig
fkdfydôkd úúO jeú,s ksid u;=jQ .eg¿

fÄojdplh
úi|d .kakg neßj wms ÿla ú¢uq'
1980 oYlfha § furgg wd nyq cd;s l
iud.ï u.ska wdrïN lrkakg fhÿKq ^iSks
l¾udka ; h& Wla j eú,a , .ek o ls h ka k g
we;af;a tA ldrKdjuh'
fï rfÜ fudKrd., Èia;%slalh we;=¿j
úúO m%foaj, Wla j.dj wrUd we;af;a mßirh
yd mßir úkdYfhka úfYa I fhka u jk
úkdYfhka is ÿ jk w;= r eM, .ek ls i s ÿ
wjfndaOhla fkdue;sj h'
wm fuhska woyia lrkqfha w,s ñksia .egqu
ms<sn|j lshkakg fkdj ys;=jlaldr ixj¾Okh
ksid Woa.; jQ w,s-ñksia .egqu wfma úh,s
l,dmS h ldka ; djka g n,md we;s wdldrh
ms<sn|j hula idlÉPd lrkakgh'

2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 21

 Èjhsfka fiiq fmfoiaj, ck Ôú;h yd
ii|d n,k l< úh<s l,dmSh ck Ôú;h
mdßißl mS v dldÍ ;;a ; a j hka f .ka o
oßø;djfhka o fmdaIKh ù ;sfí' jif¾ yß
wvlau oeä úh<s ld,.=Khlska" bfvdarhlska
hq;a úh,s l,dmh f.dú ck;djg wdydr fNda.
imhkqfha jeis jisk ld, iSudj ;=< muKS'
jeis ld,fha §;a bfvdar ld,fha;a fï úh<s
l,dm .ïjdiS k a g is h Ôú; yd foa m <;a
uykaisfhka ißlr.;a j.djka jk Ôùkaf.ka
m%fõYï lr.ekSug uy;a wr.,hla lrkakg
isÿù we;' fudKrd.," je,a,jdh" y|mdkd.,"
we,yer ñkafkaßh" fmdf,dkakrej" mq;a;,u"
yïnkaf;dg' ;Ku,aú," ud,s.dú," ynrK
wd§ fmfoiaj, .,aTh" uyje,s" Wvj,j yd
¨Kq .ïjfyr hk lDIsl¾u jHdmD;s wdYs%;j;a"
nrm;, f,i W.% jQ w,s-ñksia .egqu fya;f= jka"
ñksia Ôú; /ila úkdY úh' W!j-me,aj;a;
y|mdkd., w,s ñks i a .egq u " ly.,a , "
m,af,lef,a w,sñksia .egqu" lrej,.iajej"
moúh" .,a.uqj" w,sñksia .egqu ;=<ska ydks jQ
Ôú; ks u la ke;' iuia ; hla f,i i,ld
ne¨fjd;a W!j" W;=reueo" jhU m<d;aj,ka
w,s ñksia w,s-ñksia .egqfï ÿlaLodhS m%;sM,
miq.sh ld,fha wmg ckudOH u.ska
ksrka;rfhka wikakg ,eìK'
W!j m<d; ;=< muKl i,ld ne¨fjd;a
Wla j .dj i|yd wla l r 60"000 la muK
t<sfmfy<s lsÍu ksid ñksia Ôú; 100 lg
wdikak ixLHdjla miq.sh ld,fha úkdYhg
m;aúh' fï ñksia Ôú; fkdtfiakï w,s myßka
ñh .sh mqoa,hska j¾.SlrKh lr .;fyd;a"
.DyuQ,slhska 95]
;reKhska 2]
ldka;djka 1]
NsCIqkajykafia,d 1]
wmf.a m% Y a k h jka f ka mjq , la Ôj;a
lrjkakg wydr Wmhk .Dy uQ,slhd urdoeuQ
l, tu mjqf,a meje;aug l=ula fõo@ orejkaf.a
wkd.;hg l=ula fõo@ hkakh' wm by;ska
i|yka l< m%foaY ;=< fufia wUqorejka wkd:
lr ouñka w,s myßka ñh.sh .Dy uQ,slhska
fj;ska bgqjQ hq;=lï yd j.lSï Ndr.kafka
ljqrekao hkak wm úiska m%Yak l< hq;=h'
22 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008
ukao fudjqka ñh.sfha j,a w,skaf.a msg
Wv hka k g f.dia fkdj ys ; = j la l dr
ixj¾Okhl Rcq m%;sM, ksidh' tfia kï
mj;sk rchka úiska iy iudc wdh;k úiska
fuh b;d nrm;, f,i wjOdkhg .; hq;=j
;s f í' udkj ys ñ lï ixúOdk" ia f õÉPd
ixúOdk fï jekaoUq ldka;djka fjkqfjka
;u m%;sm;a;sh fyda ia:djrh bÈßm;a l< hq;=j
;sfí' yuqod fiajdfõ kshq;= jQjkaf.a
ìßkaoEjreka oskm;du mdfya jekaoUqjka njg
m;a f jñka is á k w;r Tjq k a g kï is h
ieñhdf.a jegqfmka Ôj;a úh yelsh' tfy;a
f.dú;efkka Ôj;a jQ f.dú mjq,l f.ysñhd
ñh.s h l< Tjq k a g tl rems h ,a myla j ;a
,efnkafka fld;ekskao@
—w,s ñks i a .egq u ;= < s k a fufia ìys j Q
jekaoUqjka yd Tjqkaf.a orejka .ek läkñka
fidhdne,Sfï jev igyklg wj;S¾K úh
hq;=j ;sfí˜ wm fufia lshkafka wmg we;s
w;aoelSïj,g wkqj .Dy uQ,slhd ñh.sh f.dú
mjq,aj, ìßkaojreka iy orejka wka; wirK
wählg m;aj isákq oel we;s neúks'
w,s ñ ks i a .egq f uka mS ä ; jQ mjq , a j ,
wUq o rejka wïudjreka yd ¥rejka wd¾Ól
jYfhka wd.dOhlg jeàu;a iuÕ wOHdmk"
fi!LH fiau fiiq uQ,sl wjYH;djhka bgqlr
.ekSfï ud¾. Tjqka fj;ska ÿria ù ;sfí'
Ôj;a úh hq;= ksid iudch úiska m%;sfCIam
lrk we;eï /lshd lrd fhduqùug o Tjqkag
isÿù ;sfí' fndfyda ldka;djka oyila YdÍßl
w;jrj,g f.dÿre fjñka iSks iud.ïj,
lïlre /lshd fj; iïnJO ù isákq olskakg
,efí' we;eï l;=ka weÕ¿ï lïy,aj,;a" ;j;a
msßila .fvd,a l¾udka;fha;a" w;f,diaila
ksfjiaj, fufyldr jD;a;sfha;a fh§ isákq
olakg we;' yß wvlau l=,S jevj, ksr; ù
is à ' wOHdmkh lvdlma m ,a jq K q orefjda
fndfydaúg fkdyslauqKqlï lrñka iudch
úiska ms<sflõ lrk ;;a;ajhg m;aj isá;s'
l,a,s .eiS isák fï orejkaf.ka we;efula
ffoksl l=,Slrejka fõ' iq¿ msßila fidreka
njg o m;aj ;sfí'
fï ì|jegqKq Ôú; Wiq,d isák orejkaf.a
wOHdmkh mfil ;snqkdfõ' fmdaIKh ms<sn|
.eg¿ wm%udKh' we;euqka ukaofmdaIKfhka
mSvd ú¢;s' frda.S mjq,a m%udKd;aulj j¾Okh
ù hdfï m%jk;djhla olakg we;'

tfyhs k a fï rfÜ md,lhs k a g f,dl=
j.lSula ;sfí' tA w,s-ñksia .egqu
ksrka;rfhkau mj;akd Èia;%slal f;dardf.k
oßø;djfhka mSä; jekaoUqjka yd Tjqkaf.a
orejka kÕd isgqjd,Sfï jevms<sfj,la cd;sl
uÜgfuka ls%hd;aul lsÍuh'
fuu mjq,a wd¾Ól jYfhka iún, .ekaùfï
jevigyfka uq,a mshjrla jYfhka f.ysñhd
ke;s mjq,aj, uQ,sl ldka;dj ^ìß|& i|yd
ls i s h ï ks Y a Ñ ; ld,hla i|yd rcfhka
§ukdjla f.úh hq;=h' th remsh,a 100$- l
msx mähla úh hq;= ke;' y;rmia fofkl=g
udihla lrorhla ke;sj Ôj;a ùug iß,k
tlla úh hq;=h'
cd;sl uÜgfuka werfUk fuu jekaUqjka
y÷kd.ekSfï ióCIKhg .%du ks,OdÍkaf.ka
.; yels odhl;a j h iq ¿ mgq ke;' fuu
jekaoUqjkaf.a mjq,aj, hemSu" meje;au yd
orejkaf.a wOHdmkh yd fi!LH .eg¿ ksYaÑ;
jYfhkau ;yjqre lr.ekSu i|yd wjYH o;a;
imhd.; hq;= w;r Tjqka rcfha iyk ,eìh
hq;= ldka;d uQ,sl f,i ,shdmoxÑ l< hq;=h'
fuu l¾;jH jvd;a id¾:l lr.ekSfï,d
wOHdmk fi!LH" iudc fiajd yd iqNidOk
wud;HdxY fia u jkÔù fom¾;fïka ; = j
w;HjYHfhkau iïnJO úh hq;=h'
uQ,sl jYfhka fuu ldka;d uQ,sl mjq,a
kÕd is g q j d,S f ï jevigyk mia wjq r eÿ
ie,eiaula u; isÿfõ kï tys m%.;sh lsrd
uek n,kakg bvla ie,fia'
;ju;a w,s-ñksia .egqfuka ks¾udKh jQ
ldka;d uQ,sl mjq,a i|yd cd;sl jevms<sfj,la
ilia ù fkdue;s ks i d jks ; d lghq ; =
wud;HdxYh ldka;d ld¾hdxYh iudc fiajd
iqNidOl wxYj,;a rdcH yd rdcH fkdjk
wxYj,;a oeä wjOdkh läkñka fï flfrys
fhduq úh hq;=h'
ish,a, wysñ ù .sh fuu ldka;djkaf.a"
orejka f .a Ôú; kÕd is g q j d,S u i|yd
/já,a,lska yd ke<ú,a,lska f;drj w;sYh
M,odhS l%shdud¾. .ekSug rch tl mhska
ierish hq;=fõ'•
ofòf.dv ðkodi
wmg
,efnk
,sms
ldka;dj bÈßfha we;s wNsfhda.
;j;a cd;Hka;r ldka;d Èkhla
ksudjg m;aúh' miq.sh jdrj,§
fukau fhdackd" fpdaokd
muKla tlaúh' rfÜu ldka;d
iuq¿' úfYaIfhkau rch
fndfydaúg lrkafka fhdackd lsÍï muKls'
b,a,Sï bÈßm;a l<;a tAjd úi÷ï fidhkq
úkd úi÷ï ,ndfok njla kï fkdfmfka'
úfYaIfhkau ueo fmrÈ. fiajhg hk Y%S
,xldfõ ldka;djka ú¢k mSvd .eyeg
wmuKh' rch fydr tAckais ms<sn| ióCIK
l<o kS;suh mshjr .ekSu u.yßk njla
fmfka' Y%S ,xldfõ ldka;djka iEu
wxYhlskau nrm;, mSvd ú¢hs' /lshdfõ §
f.or fodf¾§" uÕ f;dg§ fukau l¾udka;
Yd,dfõ§;a fndfyda ÿla.eyeg fukau
jOysxidj,g ,lafjhs' fuu m%Yak ms<sn|
y~la ke.Sug ;rï m%n, ixúOdk
Y%S ,xldfõ uonjla fmkajhs'
Y%S ,xldfõ md¾,sfïka;= ksfhdackfha§;a
m,d;a md,k wdh;k ksfhdackfha§;a
ldka;djkaf.a iyNd.s;ajh b;du;a wvqh'
md¾,sfïka;= ksfhdackh 4] muK o m,d;a
iNd ksfhdack 2] g;a wvq uÜgulh' bÈßfha
ldka;d ksfhdackh jeä lrk nj ldka;d
Èkfha§ m%ldY l<;a th ljod bgqfõo@
flfia jqj;a ldka;djf.a wd¾Ól ÈhqKqj
j¾Okhg lghq;= lsÍu ldka;d wNsjDoaê
wud;HxYfha j.lSuls' ldka;dj fjkqfjka
iajdëk ldka;d ixúOdk lsisjla fkdlf<a
hehs lSu ñ;Hdjls' yels yeuúgu ldka;dj
fjkqfjka ieu ixúOdkhlau lghq;= lr
we;' úfoaYSh rgj, úfYaIfhkau
wdishdlrfha ldka;djka w;ßka ;rul fyda
;Dma;shla" iekiSula Y%S ,xldfõ ldka;dj
,nd we;s nj neyer l< fkdyelsh'
tfy;a bÈßfha jvd;a mq¿,a ld¾hNdrhla
fuu ixúOdk u.ska ldka;dj fjkqfjka
l< hq;=j wÈgka lr .ksuq'
,,s;d fifkúr;ak
ziS ihsâZ mkai, mdr" nQiai
2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 23
 ihqfrka
tf;r

tA 2005 wjqreoafoa
iema;eïn¾ 25 jeks od
f,nkkfha cQ k s h d k.rh"
ld¾hhka wjik" wE f.dv
jeÿKd ;u fuda g ¾ r:hg'
úkdYh lrfmõfõ tfjf,a'
lsf,da.a?uhlg wdikak
mqmqrK øjH jQ fndaïnh iÕjd
;snqfKa ßheÿre wiqk hg' th
mqmqrd .shd' oYl folla mqrd
f,nkka jeis h ka f .a wdor
nyqudkhg md;%j yqka jD;a;Sh
udOHfõÈks h f.a ffojh o
úhre jqKd' ld¾ fndaïnfhka
wef.a jïmh leã fjkajqfKa
oKysi <Õska' fYaI jQ jï w;a
fldgi Y,Hl¾uhlska miqj
bj;a flreKd' ol=Kq mhg
fukau Wl=,a fmfoig o ydks
jqKd' ysiflia we;=¿j uq¿
isrer u ms<siaiS .shd"
udrhd mer¥ fid÷re .eyeKshlg
f,nkka udOHfõÈkS tÈßjdÈlrejka@
;u nvúh; fyda
.;ukdj fjkq f jka we;s

wE Wmkafku ks¾Nhj bkakg' l;d lshñka" f;areï

lrjñka wka weia wrjkakg'
fï Ñâhela" 43 jeks úfhys jk fï .eyeKsh
lr.;a tÈßjdÈlrejka
fkdfõ" ujqìu wrUhd l<
ksoyia u; m%ldYkfha § we;s
lr.;a i;=relula'
udOHfõÈkshla' wE iqúfYaI tlshl jkafka cd;Hka;r iïudk f,nkkhg jQ isßhdkq
fol ;=kla ÈkQ ksidu fkdfõ" wE miqìï jk Èßh l;dkaorh foa Y md,k ueÈy;a ùu" wE
ksidhs'

24 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008

bjid ±rEfha keye' ish,a,g fya;=j jqfKa
th' 1976 jif¾ is g u is ß hdkq yuq o d
f,nkkfha r|jd ;enqKd' isßhdj
wdêm;HOdÍ f,i f,nkkfha iEu
;ka;%hlgu w; fmjqjd" ysirohla jk ;rug
u' bka fkdkej;S ;uka úfõpkh lrk
foa Y md,lhka " udOHfõ§ka " is ú ,a j eis h ka
urd±uqjd" ke;akï w;reoyka l<d' fcda¾Ê
ydfj" f.a n % k a " g% h s k a jeks foa Y md,lhka
fukau tka kdy¾" ió¾ ldiS¾ jeks udOHfõ§ka
o tA w;r jQjd' ysgmq w.ue;s rd*sla yÍß we;=¿
''
>d;lhka fkdis;kake;s
ux f.dv tAú lsh,d'
wehs ux ìhjkafka"
ieÕfjkafka'
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uu udOHfõÈkshla'
20 fofkl=f.a >d;kh tA w;r wdikak;u
isÿùu jqKd' w.ue;sjrhdf.a >d;kh Rcqju
isßhdkq j.lSula hehs Ñähela m%ldY lf<a
;uka bÈßm;a l< rEmjdyskS jevigyfka §'
wE Bg fmr .=jka úÿ,sfha o fiajh lr ;snqKd'
fm!oa.,sl rEmjdyskS kd,sldjla i|yd weh
i;sm;d bÈßm;a l< foaYmd,k idlÉPdj
f,nkkh ;=< muKla fkdfõ" wrdìlrfha;a"
f,dalh mqrdu;a th f,nkkqjkaf.a wjOdkh
Èkd.;a;la' bßod WoEik th úldYh jqfKa
foaYmd,k ú.%yhla o iuÕska'
—ug wef.a reêrh îug jqj o yelshs'˜
wef.a m% y drd;a u l ffY,s h fkdßia i Q
isßhdkq ks,Odßfhla jfrl t<smsgu m%ldY
l<d' tA jpk ms<sn| wk;=ßka miqj weh ±refõ
fujka woyila'''
—tjeks l;d ug ±kqfKa ;¾ckhla f,i
muKhs' tA;a ug wdrCIdjla ±kqKd' fudlo
uu ldka ; djla ' wer;a foa Y md,lfhla
fkdfjhs ' foa Y md,kh .ek l;d lrk
udOHfõÈkshla muKhs'˜
ks o yia u; m% l dYkh wE w.h l<d'
m%dfhda.slj tys ksr; jqKd' w.ue;s rd*slaf.a
>d;kh ms < s n | ú.% y fldg mE ls y s m hla
f.fjka k g u;a f ;ka wE tA wjdikdjka ;
brKug uqyqK ÿkakd' tA fõokdldÍ w;a±lSu
ms < s n | wef.a wl= ß ka ,s h ejq K d' ia j hx
pß;dmodkhla' tA 2007 wjqreoafoa'
wef.a Èßhg" jD;a;shg ñksiqka fmïl<d'
fí%rEÜ ys wE fkajdislj yqka frday, jgd
ks r ka ; rj bámka o ï w;s k a .;a ñks i q k a
hd{dj, ksr; jkq olakg ,enqKd' udi oyhla
fl<jr fjoa§" Y,Hl¾u 26lg Ñähela uqyqK
ÿkakd' tA fí%rEÜ yd m%xYfha §' wk;=ßka uila
f.fjoa§ wE iqmqreÿ ;ek jQ rEmjdysksfha fmkS
isáfha iskyuqiqj'
—>d;lhka fkdis;kake;s ux f.dv tAú
lsh,d' wehs ux ìhjkafka" ieÕfjkafka' uu
udOHfõÈkshla'˜
fm!reIh msß jd.aud,dj tf,iu mej;shd'
foaYh fjkqfjka l< lemùu yuqfõ wE fkdfõ
ì|l=ÿ ie¨fKa' lD;su ju;la fukau jïmhla
o iú flreKd' m%xYfha ksuejQ ju; w;a ksh
w,xlrKhkaf.ka o hq;= jQjla' tys
wx.=,sldjlg rka uqÿjla o m<kaod ;snqKd'
B<Õ cQ,s 11 jeksod wE ;u ksjykg m%:u
jrg meñKshd' tA w;r wd.ñl wdYs¾jdo o
,nd.;a;d' kej;;a lr<shg' ±jeka;
2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 25
 fm!reIhlska fyì pß;h wx.úl, ù ;snqfKa
keye'
BY%dh, ysianq,a,d wdrjqf,a § isÿjk ydksh
iïnJOfhka wE ish y~ kej;;a wjÈ l<d'
i;s m ;d iji foa Y md,k ú.% y h kej;
werUq K d' hq o a O hg tfrys j ' ys i a n q , a , ka g
tfrysj'
—ysianq,a,ka wdrïNfha § u ug fjfyila
ÿka tl yenEj'˜

''
kuq ; a " th wehg W;a f ;a c lhla jq K d'
;ju;a wE frdao mqgqjl msysfgkqhs ish,a,
fm!oa.,sl rEmjdyskS isÿlrkafka' tA lD;su mdoh yqrejk ;=re' tA
w;r wE úYa j úoHd,j, foa Y kj,g o
kd,sldjla i|yd odhl;ajh ,ndfokjd'
weh i;sm;d —is r er muKhs fjkia jq f Ka ' is ; = ú ,s
bÈßm;a l< foaYmd,k tf,iuhs'˜
wE ;ssrj mjikafka Èß jvñka'
idlÉPdj f,nkkh ;=<
fjdIsxgka uq,alr.;a cd;Hka;r ldka;d
muKla fkdfõ" udOH ixúOdkh 2006 Tlaf;dn¾ 27 jeksod
wrdìlrfha;"a ksõfhda¾la ys§ wef.a Èßh i|yd ÿka
iïudkh;a" 2006 uehs 03 jeksod udOH ksoyi
f,dalh mqrdu;a fjkqfjka fyd|u udOHfõÈhdg hqfkiafldaj
th krUk msßkeuQ" Y%S ,xldfõ § fuys ckdêm;sjrhd
úiska msßkeuqKq .s,fudaldfkda ;Hd.h;a" 2007
f,nkkqjkaf.a

''
uehs 03 jeksod ysgmq m%xY ckdêm;s cela Isrdla
wjOdkh Èkd.;a;la' úiska m%xYfha t,ais ud<s.dfõ §" msßkeuqKq
Chevalier de la Legion d' Itonneur iïudkh;a
wE ,nd.;af;a frdao mqgqjl iydfhka tys f.dia'
—wE f,nkka ksoyia m%ldYkfha ixfla;h˜
hs cela Isrdla wE ks¾jpkh lf<a tf,i'
—ux 2009 md¾,sfïka;=jg ;rÕ lrkjd'˜
2006 ckjdß 27 jeksod wE m%ldY lf<a tA
fjkqfjka ndívd wef,a Èia;%slalfha uefrdkaá
wdikh i|yd ;rÕ jÈk nj mjiñka'
wE ldka ; djla " f,da l h ls h jd" f,da l h
ls h jka k g uÕfmka j Q " w;= r ;= r udrhd o
ch.;a ' fï is h ,a , ueo ia ù h;a j h Èhdre
fkdfldg.;a' wm weoysh hq;= i;Hh th u
fkdjfkafkao@•
fï Ñähelaf.a jdykh fndaïn m%ydrhg ,laj'''
j;ai,d .uf.a

26 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008

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fndr Èfha mdmh olS ;ks rlskj
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pm,lu hehs kï ,§ i;a;hs
kqU yßu wjxlhs'
ujl ìßhl fidhqßhl jqj
.eyeKqlu ysi .idù
jrfo fkdnef|k .eyeKq ke;sneõ tia' Ydka; l=udr
b;sydi fmd;aj, ,shdù
pm,lï-ìh-mdmhg jqj
.eyeKshhs kï ;ndù
ysñ o mq;Kq o - msh;=uka kqfò
fomd hoñka n£ú
.e,mSu
u,la ù msmqKdg l=ulg rEmfhka
úie;s lgq /lj,a ke;s Wfika" uyf;ka
i|la fia ke.=Kdg lsu M, Okfhka" n,fhka
brla fuka iev /ia ke;s tA ú;rla o
.Õla ù bmÿKd kï fyd|
flakaofrka .e,mqKd
fid÷re nj .eUqrg ne£
.eyeKqlu ch.; hq;=j we; fkd.e,mqfKa
<o fnd<|lï M, ke;S wfma woyia

§msld fmf¾rd tÉ'tï' lms, chú,d,a fyar;a"

l=,shdmsáh

2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 27

 wj;eka
ulalr .kav .;a;o@'''''
fkdjQ
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uqlalr
kuq;a cd;sh u;l ke;s fj,d
l=f,ka mejf;k ixlr fou<d
me;=u
jlalr j;=r Èh n;a lk mr fou<d
ulalr .kav .;a; o fõisfh fou<d''''''' f.ù .sh tla;rd iqkaor jQ ld,hl
-wkaof¾ kqU foda; ordf.k
oyla me;=uka me;=j'''
ilaj, ish¨ i;a j.g ñ;% uõ fifka''' msh fifka
ffu;sh
% g is;amqrd mqfrdaf.k'''
jdihla úh yelso kqfU kug oyla Èjqreï ÿkak
fujeks cd;s Ñka;khla@ iudfjka wmg''' wfm r;a;rka u,a lel=<''
Wkaysá ;eka ke;sj'''
fï ySk ukisldrh fkdfjo hd hq;= o ux fkd±k'''
uyd iudc fõÈldfjys wd uÕo wu;lj''' foaY iSud w;r
ish¨ iq¨ ck le<u wfka wms wirKj''' wj;ekaj
fjkafldg ;ks lf<a@ Èhì|laj;a ke;sj''' Èjd ? tl f,ig
fk;= yerka uÕ n,ka'''
tA jeks mqrela ,syS úikaê jQ iudchl tA;a r;a;rka mq;'''
fjka fjka l<
Th isÕs;s fk;= Èyd flfia kï n,kako'''
hqo ìfï .sks±,ska ±ù .sh <h u~f,
iq¿ ck le<
lsß ì|la kE kqfò fof;d,a fm;s f;ukakg
tlu ffu;S% mdrñ;djlska
wfma fk;= fodjdf.k ks;ska rErd jefgk
tlu ifydaor fÉ;kdjlska
uyd l÷<e,s .Õska''' mqxÑ l=i mqfrdaf.k
b;sydifhys iaj¾K iQ;%fhka
Ôúf;a Èß ,nka''' wfka ;j Èkhlg
tlafldg fkd.kS kï kqUg ,iaik f,djla'''' hqo ìfhka f;dr
tA iudch flfia ìula muKlsh m;kafka'''
Ôjfhka cj ,nd wm ±ù wjikah''' ñheÈ,d fndfyd l,ah'''
kj m%Nd úysÿjd tA;a kqU msfmkq uek''' wfm mqxÑ u,a lel=<
h<s ke.S isákafko@ ysf;a tlful me;=u'''
wfm mqxÑ u,a lel=<
^foúhkaf.a ñksiqka lD;sfhks'&
mrdl%u fldä;=jlal= k§rd frdaIsKS k,a,fmreu

af.a
a,Su u;" m%ùKhk djH
mdGl Tfí b, a o l
lú lsú¢hkaf.
fukau wdOqksl ; S r hh s fï'
fjka flfrk
ks¾udK i|yd fj ; tj k a k '
a —weh˜
Tfí ks¾udKh;
zwehZ iÕrdj"
slh"
ldk a ; dj yd udOH iduQy
q ldi, a ùÈ h" fld<U-8
jksH
174" w,aúia we 04 5
ÿrl:k( 5632
28 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008
ufyaYajÍ fõ,dhqoï
isys lsÍu
§¾> ld,hla ;siafia
,dxlSh iudc jHdmdr iuÕ iómj
ne£ lghq;= l< ufyaIajÍ ia;%S
whs;kS a fjkqfjka y~ ke.+
flfkls' fï l%shdYS,S;ajh ksidu
weh fkdueflk i,l=Kla wmf.a
l%h
s dldrlï u; ;enqjdh'

u fya Y a j Í fõ,dhq o ï kï jQ udkj

ysñlï iq/lskaksh >d;khg f.dÿre
ù udi folla .;úh' wm wef.a >d;kh fy,d
olsñka wef.a mjqf,a wh fj; iy ys;j;=ka
fj; wfma ixfõ.h m, lrk w;r" fï
wdldrhg ufyaYajÍ isys l< hq;= nj iy wef.a
Ôú;h w.h l< hq;= nj úYajdi lruq'
weh 1990 oYlfha ,xldjg wdmiq meñ‚fha
§¾> ld,hla ;siafia ,dxlSh iudc jHdmdr È.ska È.gu fï lghq;=j, ksr;ùfï
iuÕ iómj ne£ lghq;= l< ufyaIajÍ ia;%S wêIaGdkfhks' Forum for Human Dignity -
whs;Ska fjkqfjka y~ ke.+ flfkls' fï udkj .re;ajh i|yd jQ ixúOdkh wdrïN
l%h
s dYS,;
S j
a h ksidu weh fkdueflk i,l=Kla lrñka weh ;%ia;jdoh uev,Sfï mk; hgf;a
wmf.a l%shdldrlï u; ;enqjdh' iy wd.uk yd ú.uk kS ; s h hgf;a w;a
wvx.=jg m;aj isá wh fjkqfjka kS;s wdOdr
1980 oYlfha uq,a Nd.fha fjk;a fndfyda
iy iyk fia j d iemhS u wdrïN l<dh'
wh fuka ufya Y a j Í o ck jd¾.s l yd
iïm%Þhsl kS;s wdOdr fiajdjkays mgq iSud
foa Y md,k m% p Ka v ;a j h yuq f õ ,xldfjka
blaujñka ufyaYajß hgf;a FHD ixúOdkh"
neyer úh' wef.a mrmqf¾ fjk;a wh fuka
fï kS;s hgf;a wem ke;sj §¾> ld,hla w;a
weho È.s k a È.gu udkj ys ñ lï i|yd jQ
wvx.=fõ isàug kshñ; jQ /|úhka flfrys
wr.,fha ksr; jQfha ol=Kq bkaÈhdfõ uÿrdis
jvd;a udkqIsl wdOdr §fï l%ufõohla ia:dms;
k.rfha msysá fou< f;dr;=re uOHia:dkh
lf<ah' tA wkqj" /|úhkag kS;s wdOdr fok
- Tamil Information Center iuÕ iïnkaO
w;ru Tjqyq /|úhkaf.a mjq,aj, whg o hï
fjñks' irKd.;hska f,i ol=Kq bkaÈhdjg
wdOdr §fï jev ms<sfj,l ksr; jQy'
meñK isá ,dxlSh fou< m%cdj fj;
iyfhda.h iy Wmldr fiajd iemhSu miq lf,l ufyaYajÍ rdcH wdh;k lSmhla
fjkqfjka weh lem jQjdh' iuÕ lghq;= l<dh' tA yeu wdh;khla ;=<u

2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 29

udkj ysñlï m%fõYhla fhdÞ .ekSug weh ;= < úr,h' ufya Y a j Í ke;s mdvq j wmg
iu;a jQjdh' Nskaoq lghq;= wud;HxYh ;=< ±fkkafka tA YlH;djh wjYHu fudfyd;lh'
isáñka weh ia;%Skag fjkia fldg ie,l+ kS;s ufyaYajÍf.a urKh ksid wmf.a m%cdj ;=<
moaO;s m%;sixialrKh lsÍug fhduq úh' iudc we;s jQ ßla;h msrùu w;sYhska ÿIalr jkq
fiajd iy iudc iqNidOk wud;HxYh ;=< we;'•
weh ;kslv ia;%Ska" wdndê;hska wd§ iudcfhka
fldka flfrk m%cdjka fj; wjOdkh fhduq ldka;dj yd udOH iduQyslh" úl,am m%;sm;a;s flakaøh
l<dh' ^CPA&" kS;sh yd iudcNdjh ^LST&" udkj ysñlï ksji
(HHR&" ,laìfï uõjre yd oshKsfhda" bkaf*daï ^INFORM&
B,dï ck;d m%cd;ka;%jd§ mlaIh EPDP udkj ysñlï o;a; flakaøh" rhsÜia kõ (Rights Now) -
;=< weh ysñlr.;a ;;a;ajh yryd m%Odk m%cd;ka;%jdoh i|yd iduqyslh hk ixúOdk úiska
ufyaYajÍ >d;kh fy<d±lSu fjkqfjka ksl=;a l< mqj;a
.eg¿ foaYmd,k lafIa;%fha ixjdohg Ndckh m;a ksfõokh weiqßks'
lsÍug we;s bv lv weh .%yKh lr .;a;dh'
m% c d;ka ; % j d§ l% s h dj,s f ha iyNd.S ù ug ;u
mla I hg we;s whs ; s h weh wdrla I d l<dh'
ufya Y a j Íf.a foa Y md,kh wef.a Ôú;fha
w;HjYH .=Kdx.hla úh' tA iuÕu wef.a
m%n, udkjjd§ keUqrej mokï fldgf.k
weh mSä; ck fldgia fjkqfjka ksr;=re
wr.,hl fhÿkdh' idïm%Þhsl fou< ia;%shla
f,i fmkqko weh ks¾Nhj mqreIdêm;Hhg
wNsfhda. lf<a iudcfhka fldka jQ msßia tA

weh .eyeKsh
ksid mSvdjg m;a jkjd ÿgq yeu
fudfyd;luh'
iudc m%Yak fjkqfjka l%shd;aul jQ fou<
ia;%shla jYfhka ufyaYajÍ w;sYhska ks,a wyig brg y|g - Wmudjg .eKqkd
O%eùlrKh jQ ,dxlSh foaYmd,k fõÈldjka wfma l÷¿ yeuodu;a oEiaj,u /÷Kd
u; iq ú fYa I N+ ñ ldjla bgq lf<a " is h ¨u ;sôßf.hska fidfydka ìug hk;=re ÿl ±kqKd
ckjd¾.sl yd wd.ñl lKavdhïj,g wh;a tA l÷<e,s ÿla .Sfha uq;=je,lg f.;=Kd
m% c djka f .a foa Y md,k yd udkj ys ñ lï
l%shdOrhska w;r ixjdoh yd újdoh myiq .; ÿjkd r;= f,a .Õ lsß uqyqola lr,d
lrjñks' yeu wjia:djl§u ish¨u is; ikyd ÿka fifkyi ;ju;a keye uek,d
,dxlslhskaf.a iajhx ;SrK whs;sh fjkqfjka f.or nqÿka f,dj y÷khs weh .eyeKsh lsh,d
weh fmkS isáhdh' fuh wef.a l%shdldÍ;ajfha tlu ÿlhs tA;a wmsu l=,f.d;aj, fnÈ,d
;SrKd;aul fldgila úh'
weh y÷kdf.k isá" weh iuÕ jev l< lsß orejka flf,id fmïj;shf. f., is|,d
yeu fokdgu ufyaYajÍf.a wl,a urKh ±ßh ìß|f. o;a fol;=kl=;a u;a rl=id ì|,d
fkdyels mdvq j ls ' weh iuÕ l< ´kEu ñ;a;kshla jqk;a wehj if,¨kaf.ka uqo,d
l;dnyl § ksr;=rej u;= jQ wef.a m%n, iskyj bkakg yels f,djla ;kuq wm l|jqre ne|,d
iy ±jeka; mqoa.,Ndjh lsisÞl wu;l fkdjkq
we;' ;=ka l,aysu ú¢kd ÿl .ek fojrla ys;,d
huq fmrgu ysxikfha hoï wmsu ì|,d
udkj ys ñ lï W,a , x>Kh ùu ms < s n | bmfokakg bkak whg f,dj hym;a lr,d
w;sYhska ffk;sl yd ;dlaI‚l m%fõYhka wms ñhhuq jOysxik f,dúka ;=rka lr,d
bÈßm;a l< ufyaYajÍ u" yÈis .eg¿ úi£fï
§ laI‚l yd m%dfhda.sl mshjr .ekSfï o ud,d oikdhl
olaIfhla jQjdh' tu YlH;djh wmf.a m%cdj

30 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008

 ;ud .ek ,sh-Q lshQ
udOHlrejkag
zne;s mqoZ l<
Ñ;% Ys,m s S
a k
pïmdks foaúld
w fm%a,a
w.i;sfha § l,d
udifha

fCIa ; % f ha wuq ; = u fohla

isÿúh'
tA wfm% a , a 25 jeks o dhs '
fld<U uyje,s flaJø Y%jKd.drfha § Ñ;%
Ys,amskhl fj;ska udOHlrejka —ne;s mqo˜
,eîuhs tA wuq;=u isÿùu' fuf,i
udOHlrejka g —ne;s mq o ˜ l< l,dldßh
pïmdks foa ú ld kï Ñ;% Ys , a m s k s h hs ' ;ud
iudchg y÷kajd§fï lghq;a;g w; ÿka iEu
udOHhlu Ys , a m S k a g weh Ñ;% h ne.s k a
ne;sfhka mqo l<dh'
pïmdks jir úismyla mqrd Ñ;% wekaodh' r;=mdg isfuka;s f.ìu bß;,d .sfha rgd
mqj;am;a Tiafia wmg pïmdksf.a Ñ;% oel.; ujñka' pïmdks b;d l=vd l, tA bß;e¨ï
yels úh' tmuKla fkdfõ weh we;eï Èf.a iqÿyqKq l+rej,ska f¾Ld wekaodh' tA mgka
Ñ;%hlg lúhla o tla lrhs' .eka u ireM, iys ; bÈß udj;la jQ f ha h '
úÿ,lr iriúfha fojeks jif¾ § 1982 §
—ixidrfha fld;ekl § fyda wrUk ,o weh wef.a m<uq jk Ñ;% m%o¾Ykh o wk;=rej
is;a;r Èúh ;j;a mshjrlska bÈßhg 1984 § fojeks Ñ;% m%o¾Ykh o meje;a jQjdh'
f.khdug uf.au l=i,dl=i, l¾uj, l+g 1985 § uyck Ökfhka weh ,o YsIH;ajh
m%dma;shla f,i thg jvd;au iqÿiq mßirhla wehg wehf.a .uka uÕ jvd;a úêu;a lr
ug Wreu lrúh' tA yd iudkj w¨;a fohla ;ekSug bv i,id ÿks'
f,djg ìyslr ùug wjYH jk fõokdfõ
miqìu ieliqfKa o tA u;h' tA widudkH jQ uq,ald,fha wef.a Ñ;% foaYmd,ksl tAjd
fõokdfõ W;a ; Í;r M,h uf.a ldjH úh' hqoaOh" ueo fmrÈ. hk l;=ka fukau
is;=juhs'˜ foa Y md,lhka f .a nyq rE flda , ï wef.a
f;<s;=vg yiqúh'
pïmdks foaúld ;ud Ñ;%h yd lúh hdlr
.;af;a wehso hkak tfia úia;r lrhs' —tAjd ;djld,slhs' tAjdfha we;af;a ysin
a jla'˜

2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 31

 pïmdks tAjd .ek wo
ls h ka f ka tf,ihs ' 1999 §
;sín;hg .sh .uk
pïmdks f .a wOHd;a u h ;= <
nqnq¿,ñka ;snQ c,l|" iqkaor
Èh we,a,laj wef.a
ks ¾ udKj,g kj Ôjhla "
kjoelaula" kj wre;la tla
lrkakg úh'
—Èjhsfka mqj;am;a yryd
wmg uq,skau oel.kakg
,enqKq wef.a ks¾u, lú
Ñka ; d yd ne÷Kq wmQ ¾ j
is;a;ï fm< wm yo
meyer.kafka tAjdfha .eí
jQ O¾udka ú ; Ñka ; kfha
wiÈis n,uysufhkeZhs
yÕsñ''''˜ ú'c'uq' f,dl=nKavdr
l,dlrejdf.a Ñka;h
ye~ .eiS we;s wdldrh wkqj
Tyqf.a ks¾udK o tu
Ñka ; kfha yevrej .ks h s '
pïmdks f.a Ñka ; kh" fï
;djld,s l kjd;eka fmd<
yeroud hkakg lsisÿ pls;hla
32 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008
ìhla" lEorlula ke;s f,dal
ia j Ndjh y÷kd.ekS u ks i d
ieliqKq tlls' .eyekshlg
;ksu ish .uka uÕ ilid
.; yelsh hk wNsfhda.hg
wNsudkfhka uqyqKfok
pïmdks" yqfol,dj
ms%hlrkakshleZhs lSu je/Èh'
weh ñks i q k a yd .eyekq k a
w;r Tjqkaf.a Ôú;j, ÿlaL
fodaukiaihka wef.a o ÿlaL
fodaukiaihka f,i yÕsñka
;u ks¾udK l¾hfhys
fhfokakSh' tfy;a weh
lsisjl= yd oeäj fkdnef|hs'
Ôú;h ne£ïj,s k a uq o d.;a
;ksuÕ hk .eyekshls weh'
wehf.a ks¾udK fu;rï
ksoyiaj wm fj; mdù tkafka
wehf.a tu ;ks.ufka
ireidrlu ksiduh'
fjfiiskau ldka;dj
iïnJOfhka mj;akd nkaOk
yd mSvd .ek oeäj lïmd jk
pïmdks" udOHlrejka i|yd
meje;ajQ wNskkaok Wf<f,a
§ myka oe,aùug ldka;djka
muKla fhdod .;a;dh'
ldka;djka ms<sn|j weh ;=<
we;s úfYaI;ajh thskqÿ mila
fjhs' msßñka i;= wjia:d .ek
n,k úg fï iudch
.eyekshlg ;u yelshdjka
iuÕ t<s my<s h g tA f ï
myiqlï wyqrd we;snj
ienEjls ' tjeks wßhdÿlï
lrk iudchl ys| pïmdks
foa ú ld kï jk fï ;ks
.eyeksh meñK isák fï ÿr
w;s Y hs k a u wdYa j docklh'
wfma ldka ; djka bÈßfha
mykla o,ajdf.k weh hk
fï .uk" wehf.a miqmiska
we§ tkakg wfkl=;a
ks¾udKd;aul Yla;Ska we;s
ldka;djkag lrk idor
werhquls'•
lreKd fmf¾rd
 y÷kd.ksuq

wE ; wyfia j<dl=¿ w;r b.s, hkakg

fmrï mq r k iuk,s h l miq . s h
Èkl ug yuqjQfha wyïfnka fkdfõ' wef.a
wysxil iskdj uf.a is; Wÿrdf.k fndfyda
l,a h ' uq j e;a ; s h lfia wys x il weh
fydrK" fmkakfmd," nqïu, .yfyafka
mÈxÑ 28 yeúßÈ iquqÿ iqrx.kS w,aúia
h' b.sf,kakg ;gq wysñ iquqÿ b;d
ieye,a ¨ fjka b.s ¨ kdh' tA wef.a
W;a i dyfha wêIa G dkfha ; a m% ; s M ,hl
jYfhks' wdkkao w,aúia uy;dg;a ud.%Ü
nd,iQ ß h uy;a ñ hg;a ,enq K q .eyeKq
orejka ;sfokdf.ka uoaÿó jQfha iquqÿh'
wef.a Wm;;a iuÕ foudms f hda oeä
lkia i ,a , lg m;a j Q y ' tA wla l dg;a
kx.sg;a jvd iquqÿ fjkia jQ ksidh' wef.a

wêIaGdkfha wdvïnrh
iquÿ
q iqrx.kS

ol=Kq w; Wm;skau iajNdúlj jeã fkd;snqKs'

iquqÿ weh jeksu wdndê; isiqúhkag ueyqï ms<sn| mqqyqKqj ,ndfoñka'''
l= v d l, wef.a jev lghq ; = lrfoka k g
isÿjQfha foudmshkagh' ud.%Ü" iquqÿ ksid oeä
fõokd ú¢k ujla jQjdh' ldf.a;a is;a.;a
ms%hxlr rEimqjla ysñ fl,sfmdä;a;shla jQ iquqÿ
l= v d l, ks ; ru ;u wla l dg;a kx.s g ;a
merÿkdh' Tjqkaf.a Wiq¨ úiq¨j,g ,lajqjdh'
Tjqkag l< yels fndfyda oE wehg lsÍug
fkdyels jQ jdr fndfydah' kuq;a y~d jeà

2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 33

miaig fkd.sh iquqÿ tA iEu lghq;a;lau flfia iq u q ÿ f.a oCI;d ms < s n |j jgyd.;a iq Å ;
fyda lsÍug is;g .;a;dh' wlald;a kx.S;a wdh;kfha iNdm;s kS;s{ fiamd, fmf¾rd
fuka u f.da k fmd," m,ka f kdrej uyd uy;d wehg tu wdh;kfha .=re ;k;=rla
úoHd,hg we;=<;a jQ iquqÿ wka orejka f,igu ,nd§ug lghq;= lf<a wef.a Ôú;fha úYd,
wOHdmk lghq;= fukau wka ndysr fmr,shlg u. fy<s lrñks'
ls%hdldrlïj, o kshe¨kdh' weh wef.a flá iqÅ;fha h<s;a j;djla fkajdisl jkakg
l=vd ol=Kq w; ndOdjla lr fkd.;a;dh' iEu iquqÿg wjia:dj WodjQfha tf,isks' weh oeka
lghq;a;l §u fkdmrÈkakg j.n,d.;a iquqÿ weh jeksu wdndê; isiqúhkag ueyqï ms<sn|j
w'fmd'i' id$fm< úNd.fhka miqj jD;a;Sh mqyqKqj ,ndfok .=rejßhls" Y%jH" oDYH" l:l"
wOHdmkhg keUqre jQjdh' uka o udkis l yd wdndê; oeßhka fuu
fydrK iqÅ; wdndê; ldka;d jD;a;Sh wdh;kfha bf.kqu ,n;s' Tjqkaf.a wjYH;d
mqyqKq wNHdi wdh;kh wehg w;aje,lau jQ y÷kd.ekSu fukau Tjqkag idjOdkj ijka§u
whqre iquqÿ isysm;a lrkafka wdorh lreKdj oelaùu b;du
Nla ; s f hks " weh fka j dis l ixfõ§j lghq;= lsÍu w;HjYH
isiqúhl f,i wjqreÿ foll nj iquqÿ mjik i;Hhls' weh
jD;a ; S h mdGud,dj yeoEÍug ksjig .sh iquÿq Tjqkag ienE ujl fhfy<shl
mgka .;a;dh' tA 1988-89 jir fukau ifydaoßhl o jQjdh' uqÿ
j,§h' wdydr ;dCIKh" ;ukag iuÉp,a l< fudf<dla joks k a is i q ú hka
lDIsl¾u yd ueyqï hk úIhka wlaldf.a;a kx.Sf.a;a wu;k iquqÿ ;ud fj;g Tjqka
ms<sn|j wOHdmkh ,enQ iquqÿ keUqre lr.ekSug iu;aj isà'
we÷ï uid §ug
ueyq ï úIh úfYa I úIhla weh <uqkag b.ekaùu lrk
f,ig f;da r d .;a ; dh' tys § bÈßm;a ùu
w;ru wjg jeäysá nd, uy¨
.S;d Èidkdhl .=re;=ñh Tjqkg a lrk ,o fldhs ldf.a;a we÷ï ueiSu o
hgf;a m;frdï iys;j ish¨u
wNsfhda.hla úh' lrf.k hka k S h ' wOHdmk"
we÷ï lemSu yd ueiSu bf.k mßmd,k yd rcfha úúO
.ekSug iquqÿg wjia:dj ,enqKs' wi,ajeis
fCIa ; % j , ia ; % S k a weh fj;g
jir fol wjidkfha ish¨u ys;j;=kfa .ka o meñKSu wksjd¾ ù ;sfnk neúka
wdndê; isiqúhka fiau iquqÿ o iquqÿg ,efnkafka uo úfõlhls'
ksji n,d mshjr ;enqfõ iajhx
wekjqï ,efnk úg
2007 weí,sïmsla ;rÕh i|yd
/lshdjla weröfï iquÿq g oekqk i;=g bÈßm;a ùug iquqÿg wjia:dj
n,dfmdfrd;a;=j ysi u; ;nd ksïysï ke;súh' ,enqfKa fï w;rh' weh we÷ï
f.kh' ks¾udK ;rdÕj,sfhka m%dfoaYSh
ks j ig .s h iq u q ÿ ;uka g uÜgfï fyd|u ks ¾ udKlre
iuÉp,a l< wlaldf.a;a f,ig f;aÍ m<d;a uÜgfuka o
kx.Sf.a;a we÷ï uid §ug bÈßm;a ùu Tjqkag úYsIaG l=i,;d oelajQjdh' cd;sl uÜgfï m%:u
lrk ,o wNsfhda.hl úh' wi,ajeis ia : dkh ys ñ lr.;a iq u q ÿ iq r x.kS w,a ú ia
ys;j;=kaf.ka o wekjqï ,efnk úg iquqÿg fukúh miq.sh fkdjeïn¾ 11 od cmdkh n,d
oekqk i;=g ksïysï ke;súh' weh ueiQ we÷ï msg;a jQfha Y%S ,xldj fjkqfjka ;rÕ je§ugh'
we|.;a ;reKs f hda yevldßhka jQ y ' b;d tu lKa v dhug ;rÕlrejka 4 fofkla
l% u dkq l + , j we÷ï ueiS u g oCI iq u q ÿ f.a we;= < ;a jQ w;r tlu ldka ; dj iq u q ÿ ùu
ksuejqïj,ska ieriqkq ;reKshka olsk wh;a úfYaI;ajhls' ju; m%fhdackhg f.k we÷ï
iquqÿ fidhd meñKSug mqreÿ ùu wef.a w;ñg l%udkql+,j lemSu;a ueiSu;a isÿlrk iquqÿ
ire lrk wjia:djla jQjd fukau we.a is;g ffO¾hjka; ;reKshls' wef.a bÈß wkd.;
Èߧula o úh' weh mdkÿf¾ u,a,sld wfíisxy m%d¾:kd u,aM, .ekafõjd hehs wms wehg iqN
uy;añh hgf;a m;frdï rys;j we÷ï ueiSu me;=ï tla lruq'•
i|yd udi 6 l ld,hla mqyqKq jQfha tfyhsks' úks;d udfk,a .uf.a

34 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008

 flál;dj

1983 wñysß l¿ cq,fs ha§ >d;khg

,lajQ fou< ck;dj isyls Ís u msKi
s h'''

z fud lo lrkjd'''' weh Wv n,df.k

weiqjd'
—wehs@˜ weh ìu n,d.k weiqjd'
—fï Tlafldu frÈj, uv ;ud''' tuodu
lshkjd" ne,alksfh u,afmdaÉÑ ;shkav tmd
lsh,'˜
weh h<s;a Wv n,df.k l;d lrhs'
—wd tfyuo WU, lshk úÈhg o wms
jev lrkak ´fk'''˜
weh ìu n,df.k yria m%Yak wihs'
my, ;Ügqfõ f.orlska ;j;a .eyekshla
ñÿ,g nei Wv ne¨jd'
—wfma f.or wfma u,afmdaÑÑ" wmsg ´k
;eklska ;shkjd''''˜ tjr weh ìu fkdn,d
;uka isák ;=kajeks ;Ügqfõ wks;a f.j,a
foi n,ñka lSjd'
—fï <uhd''' kS,uKS"˜

"mqf;a WUg;eklahkakke;atkakkï ìï uyf,a f.orls k a ñÿ,g nei is á

.eyeksh" ;=kajeks ;Ügqfõ isg wfma f.or"
wfma u,afmdaÉÑ .ek fodvjk kS,uKSg y~
jfrka ud;a tlal''' .Ejd' kS,uKS ìu ne¨jd'

wms we,aj;=r î, yß —Thd yeuodu Th u,afmdaÉÑj,g j;=r

odkfldg" fufya wfma f.j,a j , je,l
tlg b¢uq''''
"
froaola jkd.kak nE' fiaru uvj;=r frÈj,'˜
—b;ska frÈje,a fjk ;eklska ne|.kak
tlfka ;sfhkafk'''˜

2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 35

 Wv ;Ügqfõ fhdackdj t<shg wdjd'
—Tõ fï Thd lshkl,a ysáfh''' oeka bkak
<uhs tlal l;d lr, wmg Èkkav nE'''˜
my< ;Ügq f õ f.orls k a ñÿ,g neia i
.eyeksh f.a we;=<g .shd'
—Th u,a fmda É Ñhla my<g jegq f Kd;a
wms,f.a T¨j Wvg ;uhs'''˜
weh YsjrdKs" Wvn,df.k ;j;a ldrKdjla
meyeÈ,s l<d'
—T¨j Wvg jegqfKd;a" Wiai, me;a;lska
;shk tlhs we;af;'˜
weh kS,uKS ìu n,df.k úi÷ula bÈßm;a
l<d' kS,uKSf.a wdÉÑ l=iqudj;S f.a we;=f<a
b|, ne,alkshg wdfj kS,uKSf. tA úi÷u
lk jegqKq iefKlskauhs'
—fudlo T;k lrÉpf,a wd@˜
l=iqudj;S ne,alksfha isg my< n,ñka
weiqfõ kS,uKSf.ka'
—n,kakfld wdÉÑ wïfu wr my< f.or
fou<sÉÑf. .Eia''' wr Ysjrdks ug lshkj
fï u,afmdaÑÑ Wkaf. T¨j Wvg jefghs¨'''
wms u,a fmdaÉÑj,g j;=r odkfldg Wkaf.
frÈ je,j,aj,g uv úisfjkj¨'˜
—ldf.o Th .Eia'''˜
—wr m,af,yd f.or fou,sÉÑ
Ysjrdksf.fka'˜ l=iqudj;S f.a we;=<g wdjd'
—fufya f.g jfrka'''' kS,uKS''''˜
kS,uKS wdÉÑ wïudf.a wKg lSlre jqKd'
wïud jf.a fkfjhs" wdÉÑ wïud fyd|gu
ierhs'
—wo bßo Wfò wïughs wmamghs ksjdvq yskao
WU jevla mgka .kako yokafk'''@˜
—uuhe''' tA fou,sÉÑfka fudlo lrkjd'''
lsh, ug nkskak mgka .;af;'˜
—fudkjo lrkafk lsh, weyeõju tal
nekqulao@˜
—wdÉÑ wïfï" thd ljqo uf.a ux fudkjo
lrkafk lsh, wykak''' fïl yß jevla fka'''˜
36 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008
—lgjyf.k f.g .syk
s a n,mka jevla m,la
;sfhkjo lsh,'''˜
—ux iqudfk yeuodu f.or jev lrkj'
wïu bßog ú;rhs Whkafk'''' b;ska tAlg;a
ux Woõ lrkak ´fko@
l=iqudj;S wyl n,d.;a;d' oeka yefok
<uhs tla l l;d lr, Èkka k nE ls h ,
l=iqudj;Sg;a ys;=K'˜
—ux Wh, bjrhs'''˜ lshdf.k kS,uKSf.
wïu rdKs biaf;damamqjg wdjd'
—fï blaukg@˜
kS,uKS mqÿufhka weyeõj;a tA iefKkau
wef.a lg fldkl iskdjla oeÕ¨jd'
—ke;=j WU jf.a fmd,a nEhla iQr iQr
jrejla bkaghe'''' wïu tfyu ;uhs''' WUf.
jhfiÈ wïu läh jf.a jevm, flrefj'''
ke;akï wms uymdfr ;uhs''''˜
—yfmda wdÉÑg;a b;ska wïuf. uy f,dl=
jev ;uhs''' wms lrkafk jev fkfjhsfka'''˜
—WU b;s k a lrka f k láka jev ;uhs '
w;afol fldfydu jqK;a lg kï l;=r jf.a
jev'''˜
wïudf.a uq y q K Èyd n,df.k rdKs
yskdfjkj' wdÉÑhs ñKsmsßhs tl;= fjÉÑ ;ek
wks;a ñksiaiqkag lk weys, bkak kE lsh,
ys;, rdKs mqgqjlska jdäjqKd'
—ymafmda oeka wdÉÑf. ÿj Wh, we;s jExck
;=k y;rla" ue,a¨ula" ud¿jla tfyu we;a;g
wïfï'''' fudkjo bõfj''''@˜
kS , uKS wïud Èyd n,df.k wyka f ka
fldf,dmamug jf.hs' wïud l;d kE'
Tõ b;ska lrj, lgqhs jïngqhs tlg od,
fydoaola yo, we;s'''' yßfka''' jïngq lE,s
ál;a n;amf;a tl me;a;lska ;shkj' ;j;a
me;a;l lfrda, lgq lE,s fol ;shkj''''¨Kq
lE,s ñßia lE,s" lrmsxp tfyu ;j;a me;a;lska
;shkj'''' Th ;sfhkafk''' jExck ;=klauæ˜
rdKsg ysky .shd' kS,uKS;a wïud Èyd
n,, weia kgj, yskdjqKd'
 —wfka wdÉÑfh we;a;g Thd fldfykao kS,uKS" wdÉÑf.a;a wïudf.a;a uqyqKq Èyd
Th iQm Ydia;f¾ bf.k .;af;'''' wfma wïu udrefjka udrejg ne¨fj Woõjla ´k ug
kï b;s k a Thdf.ka bf.k .ka k we;s ' '' lshkj jf.a'
Tla f ldgu jeäh ri Thdf. wr l,jï
—fuhd fndfydu le; úÈhg l;d
jExcfka ' '' w," mßma m q " uq r ex.d" jÜgla l d"
lrka f k''' fudlla o fï l;dj fou<s É Ñ"
;lald,s Tlafldau od, wn mqmqrj, ishU,d
fou<sÉÑ'''''@ fuhd fï fmdä ldf, fï úÈhg
weUq,a od,'''' wfka wmamd tfyu rila''''˜
l;d flrefj kEfka' oeka fï w¨;a l;dj,a'
kS,uKS fydoao .ek lshkafk ri lrlr''' yenEg lshmka <ufhd'''' kS,uKS lshdmka ljqo
WUg fou<sÉÑ l;djla b.ekakqfj''''˜
—wfka lg jykj''' fndre úldr l;d
ke;=j'˜ rdKs iefrka lsõjd' wdÉÑ Woõjla fjkq j g
kS,uKSg nlia .d, yskd .shd' kS,uKSg je/oaola mefgõjd'
—oekqhs kekafo wïud kS,uKSf. <Õska hk
—fudlo ys k dfjka f k˜ tAj f;afrkafk' .uka Wrysig myrla
rdKs tfyu wyoaÈu" lduf¾
ljqrej;a l=,mamq flrefj .idf.k weú;a mqgqjl
we;=f,a ysáh rdcq ldufrka
t,shg wdjd' ke;akï isxy, ñksy;a jdäjqKd'
fou< ñksy;a" —Thd oka f k kE fuhd
—weyqKo rdcq ¥f. yskdj@˜
WU fou<d WU isxy,hd oeka yqÕdla krla fj,d'˜
l=iqudj;S nEkf.ka lshdf.k urd.kafk kE' rdKs ieñhd iuÕ ÿjf.a
weyeõfj Tyq ,jd ñKsmsßhg
uf.a wïuhs wmamhs ;;= lSjd'
uÜgqjla lrjk woyiska' Tyq
fokakju lvqj,ska
f.or is ÿ jq K is h ,a , wid —tAjg b;ska fnfy;a
isáfha m;a;rh lshjñka' Tyqg lmkj uu oelal' fokav ´fk''' fufyu lsh,
lshjkak m;a;rfha fndfyda f.a jfgka lerls, nE'''˜
jeo.;a foa ;s n q K d' rdcq f . .sy,s ,a cfkaf,ka rdcq lSfõ fodr foi
wïud wmamd fokaku ux n,df.k ysáfh' n,df.k' fodfrka tms g ;
ke;sjfq Ka rdcq mqxÑ ldf,' mqxÑ tA ñksii a k
q j
a wjldYh ys i a ' oEi w,a , d
ldf, ls h , ls õ jg" rdcq g w÷r .kav ug nE' .ka f ka úi,a wyihs ' fï
fyd|g oekq ï f;a r eï we;s
jhfiÈ' mqxÑ ldf, isoaOfjÉÑ
ug u;l kE" úi,a wyihg l=rd
u;l ;sfhkafk l= y q U q j lf.a j ;a yõyrKla
fldhs f oa u;l ke;s j q K ;a
fkdue;s j Q tA oji rdcq f .a
rdcqg wïuhs ;d;a;hs fokaku f,a'''' f,a ú;rhs''''˜
u;lhg tkafka bfíg
tlu ojfi tlu fj,dfj"
fkfjhs' ldurhg ù lshjñka
tlu ;ekl§ ñh.s h yeá
isá mqj;am;" tA u;lh is;g
u;l ke;sfjkafk keye'
<xlr is; wjq,a l<d hehs rdcqg isf;hs'
—¥f. yskdj ú;rla fkfjhs kekafo ux
—kekafo wms w÷rf.k wjqreÿ úis myl=;a
thdf. l;dj¨;a wyf.khs ysáfh'''˜
jqKd'''˜
—wdkak kS,uKS wefykjo ;d;a;d lshk
rdcq mqj;amf;ka .;a;= m%jD;a;sh ;ukaf.a
tAjd@˜
lr.;af;a tfyuhs'
l=iqudj;S kS,uKSg hïlsis ;rjgqjla l<
—fudkj''''@ wjqreÿ úismyla@˜
hq;=uhs' lsh, ys;df.khs tfyu lshkafk'
l=iqudj;S mqÿu jqKd'
—fudlla o ÿj Thd wr m,a f ,yd f.or
<uhg lsõfj''''@˜

2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 37

 —Tõ yß ug oeka wjqreÿ ;sia wghs' t;fldg
ug wjqreÿ oy;=khs''''˜
rdcq u;la l<d' l=iqudj;S È. iqiqula msg
l<d'
—uf.a fohshfka''' uf.a fi,a,d''' l=iqudj;S
oE;a by<g Wiaif.k jy< Èyd n,df.k
lsõjd˜
—fi,a , d'''' uf.a fi,a j r;a k ï'''' Wfoa
mdkaor f;a j;=r î,d rdKs fl,a, lSoaÿjd'
uf.a mq;d mdvï lrdmka lsh,d fjko jf.au
fodÜg neye, .shd'''' wfka wdfh wdfj kE'
msfldgqfjÈ w;a lr;af; nvq odf.k ;,a¨
lrf.k toaÈu" fmd¨ mdrla jeÈ, ;sfhkafk'''
isxy, ñksiaiq l=,mamq fj,d'''' uf.a
fi,ajr;akï ur, oeïud'''' isxy, .Eks ux
fï rdKs fl,a,;a tlal wkd: jqKd' wfka
rdcq mqf;a ux tod wkd: l|jqrg .sfha fï
fl,a, ksid' tAls .ek nfhka' ux isxy, jqkdg
fl,a, fou< wmamf. ÿjfka' tAlsg jhi
oyhhs'''' fudkdo okafka''''@˜
l=iqudj;S l;dj kj;a;, weiaj, l֬
msyod .;a;d'
—wfka ukao kekafoa" fï fld<U ú;rla"
wkd: l|jqrej, wiQodyla .d,a flrej isoaêh
iurkav;a yokj¨''''˜
—wEæ tA fudlgo@ ldf.j;a ´klug Wis
WiS lsh, Wis.kakmq ldvhkaf. fldrejdj,ao
rdcq mqf;a Th iurkav yokafk@˜
—tfyu foaj,a wdmyq we;s fkdfjkav tA
NSIKh u;la lr, fokav¨'''˜
—ldgo@ fï wmg'''@ wfka wksÉpx ´j u;la
lr, fokav ´k lÜáh oeka tA f,dafl' wms
o ´j flrefj'''' wmso ´jg uq,msrefj'''' wfka
mqf;a ug u;la fjkj WU ux .djg weú;a
ux Èyd n,df.k Wkakq yeá''' yefudau jf.a
l|jqfrka msg;a fjoaÈ WU ux Èyd n,df.k
ysáhd' wfka mqf;a" WU wms;a tlal weú;a"
úkao oyÿlla'''' wms ysáfh fldÉpr nfhkao@˜
l=iqudj;Sf.a l;dj ueoaog mekak rdcq tA
nh f;a r eula ke;s tlla nj ls õ fj" u|
iskdjlska'
38 weh ² 2 l,dmh ² 2008
—oekqhs kekafo tAj f;afrkafk' ljqrej;a
l=,mamq flrefj ke;akï isxy, ñksy;a fou<
ñksy;a" WU fou<d WU isxy,hd lshdf.k
urd.kafk kE' uf.a wïuhs wmamhs fokakju
lvqj,ska lmkj uu oelal' f.a jfgka lerls,
.sys,a, cfkaf,ka ux n,df.k ysáfh' tA
ñksiaiqkaj w÷r.kav ug nE' ug u;l kE"
u;l ;sfhkafk f,a'''' f,a ú;rhs''''˜
l=iqudj;Sg u;lhs rdcqf.a läirlu' rdcqj
fou< biafldaf,lg od.kak neßjqKd' rdcq
f.or b|, isxy, bf.k .;a;d' l=iqudj;S
;ïnk b¢hdma m fíiulg wvq l a lrf.k
f.j,a .df, .shd' rdKs biafldaf, .syska
bf.k.kak mdvï rdcq f.or§ bf.k .;a;d'
rdKsg jf.a wdKavqfj úNd.j,g ,shkak rdcqg
neßjqKdg rdcqg fyd|g lshjkak;a ,shkak;a"
.Kka yokak;a mq¨jka' rdcq" w;af;ka w;a;g
mkskjd' tA by< w;=j,g' oeka rdcq fld<U
ud¾lÜ tfla f,dl= fjf<kafolaf. lkl
ms,af,' mä;a fyd|hs' fjk fjk ,eîuq;a
fyd|hs' rdukaf.hs md¾j;Sf.hs ore meáhd
rdcq Èyd uyfoka k d fldfya y ß b|f.k
n,df.k bkakj we;s' rdcqg wïu wmamf.
>d;lhka .ek u;la lr.kak neßjqkdg uy
fokakf. mKhkak we;af; >d;lhkaf.a
uQKqj, yevrej ysf;a mÈxÑ lrf.k'
—mqf;a WUg hkak tkak ;ekla ke;akï
jfrka ud;a tlal''' wms we,aj;=r î, yß tlg
b¢uq''''˜
l=iqudj;S tod rdukaf.hs md¾j;Sf.hs mq;d
rdcqj;a tlalrf.k l|jqfrka wdfj"
Ôj;afjkafk fldfyduo lsh, okafk ke;=j'
tA;a Ôúf;a Ôj;a flreK' fndfydau ld,hla
.;fj,d' okafku ke;=j fndfydau ld,hla
.;fj,d' rdKshs" rdcqhs tl;=fj,d hk Ôú;
.uk Èyd l= i q u dj;S n,df.k bka f k
i;=fgka' Wka fokakg bkak tlu jeäysáhd
l=iqudj;S" l=iqudj;S .;fjk ld,h
w,a,.kak jEhï lrkafk kE' .;fjk ld,h
w,a,f.k tA ld,fhka bf.k.kak fohla
l=iqudj;Sg ke;s ksid'•
lreKd fmf¾rd
 flá lrmq
È. l;d
l¾;D l=udß l=udr.uf.a
oñ< jQ ksidu .eyeKqka jQ ksidu

zfl á lrmq È. l;dZ hkqfjka ish

ye¢kaùfuka u l=udßg ;j;a
fndfyda oE fï pß; ms<sn|j lshkakg
lsiÿs jrola fkdlr pQÈ;hka njg
m;a ù úúOdldr úm;aj,g f.dÿre
jQ md¾j;S,d" mrfïYajÍ,d"
´kE j. meyeÈ,s fjhs' flfia fyda ol=fKa
isák wm ljqre;a W;=f¾ fuka W;=re- kkaÈkS,d" ld,slÜ= á,d jf.au
kef.kysr ck;djf.a is;a i;ka .efykd fou< ni uõnj jQ fyau,;d o
rdjh ienEjgu y÷kdf.k ke;' wm Tjqka
.ek is;kafka;a" olskafka;a fndfydaúg
mqIam,;d,d;a ;u fldhs;rula ish
ckudOHlrejka" Tjqkaf.a ´kE l;dj,a is;a ;=< isrlrf.k
tmdlïj,g wkqj wmg olskakg i,iajk"
wykakg i,iajk m%jD;a;s Tiafiah' ish¨u
udkislj jo ú¢kjd weoao@
oñ< ñksiqkag zfldáZh lshd is;k
wdldrfha fmdÿ ú{dkhla f.dvkef.ñka
mj;sk fujka ld, jljdkqjl" l=udßf.a
fï jEhu Wvq.x n,d msyskSula n÷ jqj;a
th w.h l< hq;=h' tA fïjd ienE l;d Wjukdjlg isoaO jkafkaoehs hkak l=udßg
ksidh' fukau wmg o .eg¿jls' hqoaO lrk wh
ñh hkafka Tjqka oekf.kh' tfy;a
oñ< jQ ksidu .eyeKqka jQ ksidu lsisÿ
hqoaOhg lsisf,ilska fyda iïnJO ke;s
jrola fkdlr pQÈ;hka njg m;a ù
whj¨ka meyer f.khEu fyda w;=reoyka
úúOdldr úm;aj,g f.dÿre jQ md¾j;S,d"
lsÍu ms<sn|j zflá lrmq È. l;dZ j,ska
mrfïYajÍ,d" kkaÈkS,d" ld,sl=Üá,d jf.au
wm ;=< we;s lrk l=;=y,h yd lïmkh
fou< ni uõni jQ fyau,;d,d o
fun÷ ;j;a fkd,shejqKq l;d fldf;la
mqIam,;d,d;a ;u fldhs;rula ish l;dj,a
oehs is;akkg wmj fmd<Ujhs'
is;a ;=< isrlrf.k udkislj jo ú¢kjd
weoao@ tfy;a l=udßg fï l;d mejiSfuka fï l;dj,ska ud is;a.;au l;dj
weh iuÕ l;d lsÍfuka fuu fmdf;a tk jkafka zld,sZ kñka È.yefrk ld,sl=Üá
pß;j,g kï ieye,a¨jla" wiajeis,a,la kï jQ mkaid,sia úhe;s Èßh l;f.a
,enqKd úh yel' W;=f¾ hqoaOh ldf.a l;djhs' zuyd Nøld,shf.aZ ft;sydisl

2008 ² 2 l,dmh ² weh 39

l;dj o ;ekska ;ek Wmqgd olajñka pß; o fuys yqjd oelafjk kuq;a tAjdfhao
È.yefrk fuu wkaorh Tn yeufokd o wka;¾.;h hqoaOfha wksgq M,hkah' wmg
lshúh hq;= hehs ug isf;a' th tA;rïu oeka W;=rg fyda W;=re kef.kysrg hd .;
is;a.kakdiq¿ ikao¾Nhlska bÈßm;a flf¾' fkdyels jqK;a Tjqkaf.a iqiqïj, WKqiqu
úoaHq;a ckudOHj," foaÿkq j¾Ks; i¨ fõokdj" l÷f,a >klu fï l;dj,ska
ms<sfhka yd weia .sks lkd jÜgjk ukdj Tfí Ñ;a; ika;dkhg oefkkq we;'
wNrKska ieriS ke;s m%Yak" m%Yak fia
fï l;d weyska oel" lKska wid .kakg
lrmskakd nf,ka ÿla ú¢k yeuodu
Tjqka iuÕu Tjqkaf.au flfkl= f,i
bls.iñka y~k l;d kdhsldjkaf.a
Ôj;a fjñka l=udß úiska lrk ,o
pß;j,g jvd fï pß; fl;rï
lemlsÍu w.h l< hq;=uh'
iajNdúlo@ fld;rï
h:d¾:jd§o wmg Ôj;a rdcH fkdjk
jkakg fld;rï ixúOdk yryd fyda
ffO¾hh imhkafkao@ foaYSh fyda úfoaYSh
wïu,df.ka orejka wdh;k iuÕ fyda hqo
Wÿrd.kakd ;%ia;jd§ ;¾ð; .ïudkj,"
foaYmd,lhka" udhsï .ïudkj, jev
kdhlhska wïu,dg lrk fndfyda pß; wms
w;alr fok brKu oel we;af;uq'
zld,sZ u.ska ixfõ§j y÷kkafkuq' tkuq;a
bÈßm;a lrkakg fm<Uùula ksid fyda
zl=udßZ iu;a ù we;' iaj-leue;af;ka fyda
ÿl" fõokdj" .egqï fuf,i tA ÿla l÷¿
iuÕu uy¨ jk wl=re lrjkakg oeÍu;a"
Ôú;h" ÿmam;alu ol=fKa mdGlhkag
ksidu" nv.skak ksidu W;=f¾ fyda W;=re
Èrdm;a jk Ôú;j, kef.kysr .eyeKqkaf.a
yevrej oel .ekaug" yo.efyk rdjh
ú|.kak zflá lrmq È. wikakg ie,eiaùu;a
l;dZ fyd|u fuj,uls' igyka l< hq;= jeo.;a
ldrKhls' wfkalúO
fuu fmdf;a ud ldka;djka muKla fkdj ÿIalr;d yd ndOd ueo
olsk ;j;a
msßñ pß; o fuys yqjd oñ< ck;dj w;r tlu
úfYaIdx.hla kï fuu
oelafjk kuq;a tAjdfhao isxy, jpkhla muKla
zflá lrmq È. l;dZj,
oek ld,h .; lr
ud;Dldj i|yka wka;¾.;h hqoaOfha wksgq
fufia ú.%yhla wmg
jkafka uq¿ukskau ld, M,hkah' wmg oeka W;=rg bÈßm;a lsÍu ms<sn|j;a
j¾Ks; msgqjl ùuhs' tA
fyda W;=re kef.kysrg hd ia;=;sh m< lrñka
Tjqka l¨ pß; ksid
.; fkdyels jqK;a Tjqkaf.a fun÷ È. l;d flá
fkdj Tjqkag lsisfia;a
iqiqïj, WKqiqu fõokdj" fkdlr wkd.;fha §
wod, fkdjk l=ßre
bÈßm;a lrkakg
hqoaOh ksid Tjqkaf.a l÷f,a >klu fï l;dj,ska ffO¾hh m%d¾:kd
Ôú; w÷rg jegqKq nj ukdj Tfí Ñ;a; lruq'•
bka ixfla;j;a jk
ika;dkhg oefkkq we;'
ksidh' ldka;djka wdpd¾h mqIamd rï,kS
muKla fkdj msßñ