15ECE387 OPEN LAB

FIRE ALARM

A PROJECT REPORT

Submitted by

CB.EN.U4ECE15032 M.NSSChS Krishna

CB.EN.U4ECE15033 Mahisa Sanofer.M

CB.EN.U4ECE15034 B A Monesh Karthikkeyan

CB.EN.U4ECE15035 Mouli.k

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY

IN

ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING

AMRITA SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING

AMRITA VISHWA VIDYAPEETHAM

COIMBATORE 641112

APRIL 2018

AMRITA VISHWA VIDYAPEETHAM

AMRITA SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING COIMBATORE-641112

 BONAFIDE CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that the project report submitted by

CB.EN.U4ECE15032 M.NSSChS Krishna

CB.EN.U4ECE15033 Mahisa Sanofer.M

CB.EN.U4ECE15034 B A Monesh Karthikkeyan

CB.EN.U4ECE15035 Mouli.k

is a bonafide record of the work carried out as a part of OPEN LAB during VI Semester of
Academic year 2017 to 2018 in the Department of ECE, Amrita School of Engineering,
Coimbatore.

Faculty -in-Charge Chairman ECE

The project was evaluated by us on_______________________

Internal Examiner
 FIRE ALARM

AIM:-

To detect if there is any fire accident and to indicate it by alarm

To detect the fire we used a NTC thermistor whose resistance decreases as the temperature
increases we are using a voltage divider circuit which is connected to the 5V which we get
from arduino and the voltage at the common point of the NTC and resistor is given to
arduino as a input ,basing on the voltage values the arduino decides whether there is a fire
accident or not.

Methodology/Algorithm:-

Block diagram showing the Working of fire alarm

Figure:-1(Block Diagram)
Initially , we have to detect temperature, this is done by using NTC Thermistor .NTC
Thermistor is a special type of resistor that has higher resistance of about 100k ohms at
lower temperature i.e 0 degree and as the temperature increases this resistance decreases

Characterization of Thermistor :
In this method , we are finding the resistances of the thermistor (the sensor we are
using to determine the temperature) . This can be done by dipping the head of the
thermistor inside a flask containing normal water . we should also dip the thermometer
inside the flask in order to check the temperature of the water when we start the heating
process . Now we are heating the water and the temperature increases rapidly . By using
multimeter we are checking the resistances of the thermistor for the corresponding
temperature . As we are using NTC thermistor we can clearly see the resistances decrease
with increase in temperature . As soon as the temperature reached about 70K (because the
maximum temperature to sense whether fire is there or not will not be more than 55K) we
turned off the flask and let it to cool down . While the water was cooling we are calculating
the resistances between 50K – 40K more precisely . So by the values we got we drew a
temperature versus resistance graph . Thus we characterized the sensor we used . By the
same procedure we did it for the rest of the two thermistors.
Figure:- 2 temperature versus Resistance

Figure 3 : Light Emitting diode

THERMISTOR : -

Figure:-5 Thermistor

Details of Thermistor

Type : Bead Thermistor

Temperature coefficient : negative

Resistance :100k ohm

Arduino UNO:-
The Arduino UNO is ATmega328 datasheet based microcontroller that has 6 analog
inputs, 8 digital outputs and 6 PWM outputs. It has a reset button and 16 MHz ceramic
resonator with a USB connection facility along with a power jack.

INPUT/OUTPUT:-

● Serial: 0 (RX) pin to receive serial data.

● Serial: 1 (TX) pin to transmit serial data.
● External Interrupts: Pin 2 and 3 are used to activate interrupt command.
● PWM: 8-bit PWM outputs are provided in ~3,~5,~6,~9,~10,~11
● LED: 13. The built-in-led shows whether Arduino is on or off.
● It has 6 analog input named A0,A1,A2,A3,A4,A5
 Figure:-6 Arduino UNO(Pin Specification)

COMPONENTS USED FOR FIRE ALARM SYSTEM:-

S.No. Components used Quantity

1 Resistors(540k,1K) 3,3
2 Thermistor 3
3 Arduino UNO 1
4 Buzzer 1
5 LEDs 3
7 Wires As required
Table :-1 Components Used
Circuit Diagram of Fire Alarm:-

Figure:-7 Circuit diagram

SNAPSHOT OF OBTAINED OUTPUT:-

Figure:-8 Circuit Connection

Figure:-9
RESULTS AND INFERENCES:-
Using the thermistor as a sensor and aurdino as a processer the fire alarm is efficiently working.

CONCLUSION:-
The fire alarm was successfully designed using thermistor and buzzer and its working is
successfully tested