TEST - 203

Directions (Q. 01-14): Read the passage carefully and answer the questions given below
it.

Education is perhaps the most vital requirement for inclusive growth, empowering
individuals and society, opening up opportunities and promoting true public participation in the
development process. It is an important factor that fuels both social change and economic
growth.
India is actively pushing forward its agenda for revamping and restructuring education in the
country. Thanks to schemes like the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan and Midday Meal Schemes,
enrolment rates in schools have gone up, as have
the number of schools. Right to Education is now a fundamental right of all children in the age
group of 6 to 14 years. In simple words, it means that the government will be responsible for
providing education to every child up to eighth standard, free of cost, irrespective of his class
and gender. It has, thus, paved the way for building a strong literate and empowered society in
this country.

However, the realisation of this objective is not going to be very easy, not when the school
system in the country, especially that in rural areas, continues to be plagued by problems of poor
infrastructure, shortage of teachers, their lack of training and motivation besides poverty and
livelihood issues that are responsible for the huge drop-out rates. It is estimated that there is a
shortage of nearly five lakh teachers, while about three lakh of them are untrained at the
elementary school stage. Over 53 per cent of schools have a student teacher ratio much poorer
than the 1 :30 prescribed under the Act. About 46 per cent schools do not have toilets for girls,
which is another reason why parents do not send girl children to schools.

However, if our track records in literacy is an indication, we can be quite hopeful of

achieving the target of providing school education to all our children. A 65 per cent literacy rate
in 2001 from a mere 14 per cent in 1947 is a record established with a lot of vision and hard
work - a record we can be justifiably proud of. India's commitment to provide compulsory
education to nearly 22 crore children between the ages of 6 to 14 years is evident in schemes like
those providing rural children with stipends, free uniforms and text books, mid-day meals and
special attention to education of the girl child. While issues of equity, quality and access remain
areas of concern, particularly in rural schools, rapid efforts are being made to address them
effectively and in a sustained manner.

By enacting the Right to Education, India now joins a select few countries in the world
where education is a fundamental right. Education is the surest route to development. It will
transform the whole society and the gains of such a development will be inclusive and
widespread.
01.According to the passage, the term "inclusive growth" refers to
1) True public participation in the development process
2) Opening up opportunities
3) Economic growth coupled with educational development
4) Social change with economic growth
5) None of these

02.What have triggered the enrolment rates in schools per the passage?
1) Economic growth
2) Poverty eradication programmes
3) Schemes like the "Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan" and "Midday Meal Scheme".
4) All the above
5) None of these
03."Right to Education is now a fundamental right for children in 'the age group of 6 to 14
years." It means
1)the parents/guardians of the said age group will have to get their children enrolled in
school.
2)all the children of 6 to 14 years will compulsorily get education.
3)all the refined children will have to be enrolled in a govt school.
4) now, it is the responsibility of the govt to ensure that each and every child of the
 concerned age group is provided education at least up to class VIII, free of cost.
S)None of these
04.Consider the following statements.
(1) The educational institutions in India severely lack quality teachers.
(2) The objective of 'education to all' is not easy to be achieved for our school system is plagued
by serious problems like poor infrastructure, shortage of teachers etc.
Mark the correct option.
1) Only (1) is true 2) Only (2) is true
3) Both are true 4) Not related to passage
5) None of these
05.What is the rate of growth of literacy from 1947 to 2001?
1)65% 2) 14% 3)56%
4) 51 % 5) None of these
06.What, in your view, should be the title of the passage?
1)Right to Education-A road to 100% literacy
2)Education for All-A distant goal
3)Educational infrastructure-the biggest setback
4)Sarva Shiksha- A prolonged dream
5)None of these
07.The main factor responsible for huge drop-out rates is
1) Caste system 2) Background
3) Teacher's inability 4) Willinglessness
5) None of these
08.According to the data collected, the number of children aged between 6 to 14 years who
qualify for compulsory education under the provisions of 'Right to Education Act' are
1) 200 billion 2) 220 billion 3)230 million
4) Data not found 5) None of these
Direction (Q. 09-11): Which of the following is most nearly the SAME in meaning as the
word printed in bold as used in the passage?
09.Fuel
1) Encourage 2) Force 3) Empower
 4) Flourish 5) Drive
10.Drop-out
1) Leave 2) Goaway 3) Discourage
4) Godown 5) Discontinue
Il. Revamping
1) Restructuring 2) Changing totally
3) Revising 4) Renewing
5) Redesigning
Directions (Q.12-14): Which of the following is most OPPOSITE in meaning of the
word printed in bold as used in the passage?
12.Pushing forward
1) Going away 2) Going ahead 3) Going back
4) Drawing back 5) None of these
13. Motivation
1) Discouragement 2) Induction 3) Derailment
4) Guidance 5) Demotion
14.Equity
1) Equality 2) Shares 3) Difference
4) Similarity 5) None of these
Directions (Q. 15-24): Fill up the blanks with words from the options given below to
make a meaningful sentence.
15.__ become a mature woman, she began __ for a husband.
1) She, longed 2) when, desire
3) Having, yearning 4) Her, wished
5) Being, wanted
16.Her spectacles simply wouldn't __ on the __ of her nose.
1) wait, arch 2) stop, tip 3) stick, top
4) attach, peak 5) rest, bridge
17.She dropped hot coals with __ on the top __ the iron lid.
1) shovel, at 2) tongs, of 3) finger, over
4) dropper, in 5) knife, by
18.Her heart __ at the sight of beautiful jewellery.
1) leap 2) leapt 3) bounced
4) jumped 5) stopped
19.The cold not make him ill but made him
1) should, sick 2) did, indisposed
3) would, hungry 4) had, vomit
5) has, unwilling
20.A man by __ revenge, tries to get __ with his enemy.
1) taking, even 2) wanting, equal
3) getting, along 4) willing, fight
5) having, parallel
21.One good __ is better than a world of __ .
1) statement, claims 2) day, years
3) friend, acquaintances 4) skilled, unskilled 5) way, ways
22.It was nothing but a __ courage __ made Hari challange the village panchayat.
1) French, which 2) Dutch, that
3) taunting, what
4) bold, when 5) tempting, it
23.__ sentences make a good essay.
1) Starting 2) Long 3) Passive
4) Effective 5) Great
24.__ chemist in the older days was called an __ .
1) The, phyicist 2) Those, egoist 3) Then, analyst
4) There, scientist 5)A, alchemist
Directions (Q. 25-35): Read each sentence to find out whether there is any grammatical
error in it. The error, if any, will be in one part of the sentence. The number of that part is
the answer. If there is no error, the answer is 5). (Ignore errors of punctuation, if any.)
25.1) If anyone happens / 2) to call while I /3) am out, please ask them / 4) to leave a message
for me. /5) No error
26.1) These kind of shoes / 2) seem to be expensive / 3) but they are relatively / 4) easy to care
for. /5) No error
27.1) He has had / 2) an active career /3) writing poetry and /4) reporting for a newspaper. / 5)
No error
28.1) She held something / 2) at her side / 3) which was hiding /4) by the folds of her dress. /5)
No error
29.1) Whomever /2) we think deserve/ 3) the award will / 4) certainly get it. /5) No error
30.1) It would be a great advantage / 2) if industrial management took long / 3) hard look at / 4)
the information provided. /5) No error
31.1) My friend, being unwilling to attend /2) the court at an early hour /3) of the morning, sent a
letter explaining /4) why could he not obey. / 5) No error
32.1) A twelve-year-old boy / 2) was caught at the / 3) railway platform /4) this morning. / 5) No
error
33.1) Though my brother / 2) spent a lot of money on my education / 3) he refused to give / 4)
myself any pocket money. /5) No error
34.1) Rahul's new office is close / 2) to his residence / 3) so he would not longer / 4) have to
travel by bus. /5) No error
35.1) She always remembers / 2) to switch off all / 3) the lights and fans / 4) before leaving from
a room. /5) No error
Directions (Q. 36-40): Rearrange the following five sentences (A), (B), (C), (D) (E) and
(F) in the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph; then answer the questions
given below.
A. Hence, the meal that is taken in the morning is breakfast.
B. The word originated from the fact that after dinner, we don't eat the whole night and this
is a long time for the body to go without food.
C. During day time, we keep on eating and munching after every 3-4
hours.
D. People often ask as to why breakfast is important.
E. But the duration between dinner and breakfast is pretty long, sometimes may be
equivalent to a fast.
E The answer lies in the word 'breakfast' itself.
36.Which of the following sentences would be the LAST sentence after rearrangement?
I)A 2)B 3)C 4)D 5)E
37.Which of the following sentences would be the THIRD sentence after rearrangement?
l)A 2)B 3)C 4)D 5)F
38.Which of the following sentences would be the FOURTH sentence after rearrangement?
I)B 2)D 3)C 4)E 5)F
39.Which bf the following sentences would be the FIRST sentence after rearrangement?
I)A 2)B 3)C 4)D 5)E
40.Which of the following sentences would be the FIFTH sentence after rearrangement?
I)A 2)B 3)C 4)D 5)E
Directions (Q.41-50): In the following passage, some of the words have been left out,
each of which is indicated by a number. Find the suitable word from the options given
against each number and fill up the blanks with appropriate words to make the
paragraph meaningful.
Experts are begining to suspect that one of the major (41) of crime in modern cities is the
actual design of the city. Oscar Newman, a professor of architecture, in his book titled
Defensible Space has (42) the results of his research on this question. The effect of environment
(43) crime is twofold.
Prof Newman's search shows that some buildings may (44) people not only to interfere but
also to allow crimes to . (45). Crowded apartments in huge block bring people physically
together but isolate them (46). People living in what is (47) one building with a common entry
fell (48) within their own apartments.
They are unconcerned (49) their neighbours. Some years ago, a girl was stabbed to death
(50) a period of half an hour while hundreds of people living there in the block observed
without interferring, without even calling the police.
41.1) expositions 2) causes 3) theories
4) results 5) factor
42.1) published 2) printed 3) predicted
4) pasted 5) declared
43.1) on 2) in 3) over 4) about 5) for
44.1) impetus 2) force 3) encourage
4) lead 5) guide
45.1) witness 2) show 3) appear
 4) happen 5) escape
461) spiritual 2) congnitivity 3) intellectually
4) mentally 5) socially 47.1) essentially 2) deliberately
3) accidentally
4) ideologically 5) intentionally
48. 1) alone 2) aloof 3) self-centred
4) isolated 5) nuclear
49. 1) for 2) with 3) about
4) at 5) over
50. 1) between 2) through 3) over
4) across 5) from

ANSWER
01. 5 02. 3 03. 4 04. 3 05. 4
06. I 07. 5 08. 3 09. 3 10. 5
11. 2 12. 4 13. I 14. 3 15. 3
16.5 17. 2 18. 2 19. 2 20. 1
21. 3 22. 2 23. 4 24. 5
25.3; 'please ask him'
26.1; 'these kinds of shoes'
27. 5
28.3; 'which was hidden'
29.I; 'whoever'
30.2; 'took a long'
31.4 32.5
33. 4; Replace 'myself' by 'me'. 34.3
35.4
(36-40): DFBCEA
36. 1 37. 2 38. 3 41. 2 42. I 43. I
 44. 3 45. 4 46. 4 47. I 48. 4
49. 3 50. 3

ENGLISH
ENGLISH LANGUAGE - I

Directions (01-05),: In each of the following questions there is a sentence with a pair of blank
spaces, followed by five pair of words. Choose the pair that can fill up the blanks in the same
order. The number of that pair is your answer.
01. Handicrafts constitute an important ----------- of the decentralized sector
of India's economy and --------------employment to over six million artisans.
(1) factors - aims
(2)extension - plans
(3) segment - provides
(4) supplier - gives
(5) period - projects
02. Among a number of hobbies that one can ----------- the hobby of
reading is the most useful and -------------
(1) develops - accumulative
(2) cultivates - enlightened
(3) nourish - cumulative
(4) absorbs - durable
(5) considers - appreciative
03. The quality of - between individuals and the organization for which they work can be - to
the benefit of both the parties.
(1) services - evaluated
(2) interaction - improved
(3) sophistication - developed
 (4) work- appreciated
(5) life - conceptualized
04. Part of the confusion in our societies - from our pursuit of efficiency and economic growth,
in the that these are the necessary ingredients of progress.
(1) stems - conviction
(2) derives - evaluation
(3) emerges - consideration
(4) obtains - exploration
(5) extends - planning
05. The problem of housing shortage . - with the population explosion has also been - by this
policy.
(1) coped - highlighted
(2) dispensed - acknowledged
(3) compounded - addressed
(4) threatened - manifested
(5) projected - discussed
Directions (06-10) : In each of the following questions four words are given of which two
words are most nearly the same or opposite in meaning. Find the two words which are. most
nearly the same or opposite in meaning and indicate the number of that pair of words as the
answer.
06) (A) Audacious (B) Venturous
(C) Abstruse (D) Silent
(1) A-C (2) B - C
(3) C – D (4) A - B
(5) B - D
07. (A) Eudemonia
(B) Extol (C) Eulogize
(D) Enhemerize
(1) A-B (2) B-C
(3) B-D (4) A-D
(5) C - D
 08. (A) Recluse (B) Pandemic (C) Transparent
(D) .opaque'
(1) A-B (2) C - D
(3) A – C (4) A - D
(5) B - D
09. (A) Diminutive (B) Intelligent
(C) Large (D) Prolific
(1) B-D (2) B - C
(3) A-:'C (4) A - B
(5) C - D
10. (A) Enormous (B) Malign
(C) Absorb (D) Slandar
(1) A-C (2) B - C
(3) C – D (3) B - D
(5) A-D'
Directions (11-20) : In the following passage, there are blanks, each of ,which has been
numbered. These numbers are printed below the passage and against each, five words are
suggested, one of which fits the blank appropriately. Find out the appropriate word in each case.
Studies .(11) the impact of computer mode4s to support policy-making processes in
organizations have {12} that client involvement in the model-building process is often a{13l for
effective model building. One important reason is that the. process of model building is
frequently. more important than the resulting model. Model building itself is largely a (14)
process about the problem. Most (15) about the characteristics of an ill structured problem-are
gained during the
(16) process of designing a computer model, rather than after the model is finished: Another
important reason is that most information in an organization{17) in the mental models of
organization members. 10 support policy making in organization it is this knowledge which
needs to be (18) and represented in the model. An important topic in client-oriented or (19)
model building thus becomes the (20) of relevant knowledge contained in the mental models of
participants.
11.(1) evaluating
 (2) focussing
(3) projecting
(4) advocating
(5) directing
12.(1) devised
(2) exhibited
(3) convinced
(4) attributed
(5) indicated
13.(1) support
(2) valuation
(3) prerequisite
(4) material
(5) blueprint
14.(1) valuable
(3) tedious
(5) critical
15.(1) thinking
(3) planning
(5) opinions
16.(1) elongated
(2) concentrated
(3) iterative
(4) evolving
(5) consumate
17.(1) resides (2) follows
(3) settles (4) lays
(5) committed
18.(1) extended (2) bisected
(3) subjected (4) captured (5) attributed
19.(1) revolving (2) interactive
 (3) dogmatic (4) accentuated
(5) formative
20.(1) demarcation
(2) formation (3) proliferation
(4) association
(5) elicitation
Directions (21-25) : Rearrange the following six sentences (A), (B), (C), (D), (E) and (F) in
the proper sequence to form a meaningful paragraph; then answer the questions given below
them.
(A) We were interested by contrast in understanding what lesions actual teams and non-teams
had for others to choose to struggle with change and performance. .
(B) Still, we suspected that most of these focused on persuading readers that "teams are
important. ,
(C) After all we thought teams are a well-known subject and there must be a thousand books on
the subject already.
(D) By going down this path we hope to discover something to say that was different from
most books on the subject.
(E) We approached the idea of a book on teams cautiously.
(F) Alternatively they focussed on providing you to advise on building teams as an objective
in itself.
21. Which of the following will be the SECOND sentence?
(1) A (2) B
(3) F (4) C
(5) D
22. Which of the following will be the FIRST sentence ?
(1)E (2) A
(3) B (4) C
(5) D
23. Which of the following will be the THIRD sentence?
(1) E (2) C
(3) B (4) F
 (5) D .
24. Which of the following will be the FIFTH sentence?
(1) C (2) D
(3) B (4) F
(5) A
25. Which of the following will be the LAST sentence?
(1) C (2) D
(3) E (4) F
(5) B
Directions (26-30) : Read the following passage carefully and answer the questions given
below it. Certain words/expressions are given in bold in the passage to help you locate them
while answering some of the questions.
Radically changing monsoon patterns, reduction in the winter rice harvest and a quantum
increase in respiratory diseases all part of the environmental doomsday scenario which is
reportedly playing out in South Asia. According to a United Nations Environment Programme
report, a deadly three-km deep blanket of pollution comprising a fearsome cocktail of ash, acids,
aerosols and other particles has enveloped this region. For India, already struggling to cope with
a drought, the implications of this are devastating and further crop failure will amount to a life
and death question for many Indians. The increase in premature deaths will have
adverse' social andeconomic consequences and a rise in morbidities will place an unbearable
burden on our crumbling health system. And there is no one to blame but ourselves. Both official
and corporate India has always been allergic to any mention of clean technology. Most
mechanical two wheelers roll off the assembly line without proper pollution control system.
Little effort is made for R & D on simple technologies, which could make a vital difference to
people's lives and the environment.
However, while there is no denying that South Asia must clean up its act, skeptics might
question the timing of the haze report. The Johannesburg meet on Rio+ 10 is just two weeks
away and the stage is set for the usual battle between the developing world and the West,
particularly the U.S President Mr. Bush has adamantly refused to sign any protocol, which
would mean a change in American consumption level. U.N. environment report will likely to
find a place in the U.S. arsenal as it plants an
., accusing finger towards controls like India and China. Yet the U.S. can hardly deny its own
dubious role in the matter of erasing trading quotas. Richer countries can simply buy up excess
credits from poorer countries and continue to pollute. Rather than try to get the better of
developing countries, who undoubtedly have taken up environmental shortcuts in their bid to
catch up with the West, the U.S. should take a look at the environmental profligacy, which is
going on within. From opening up virgin territories for oil exploration to relaxing the standards
for drinking water, Mr. Bush's policies are not exactly beneficial-not even to American's
interests. We realize that we are all in this together and that pollution anywhere should be a
global concern otherwise only be more tunnels at the end of the tunnel.
26. Both official and corporate India is allergic to :
(1) failure of monsoon
(2) poverty and inequality
(3) slowdown in industrial production'
(4) mention of clean technology (5) crop failure
27. Which, according to the passage, is a life and death question to many Indians? .
(1) Increase in respiratory diseases
(2) Use of clean technology
(3) Thick blanket of pollution over the region
(4) Failure in crops
(5) Dwindling agricultural yield
28. If the rate of premature deaths increases it will: .
(1) exert added burden on our crumbling economy.
(2) have adverse social and economic consequences. .
(3) make positive effect on our efforts to control population.
(4) have less job aspirants in the society,
(5) have healthy effect on our economy.
.29. Choose the word which is SIMILAR in meaning of the word 'profligacy' as used in the
passage.
(1) wastefulness (2) conservation
(3) upliftment
(4) criticalness
 (5) denouncement
30. According to the passage, India cannot tolerate any further:
(1) crop failure
(2) deterioration of health care system
(3) increase in respiratory diseases
(4) proliferation of nuclear devises
(5) social and economic consequences
31. According to the passage, two wheeler industry is not adequately
concerned about ----
(1) passenger safety on the roads
(2) life cover insurance of the vehicle owners
(3) pollution control system in the vehicles
(4) rising cost of the two wheelers.
. (5) rising cost of the petrol in the country .
32. What could be the reason behind timing of the haze report just before the Johannesburg
meet, as indicated in the passage?
(1) United Nations is working hand in-glove with U.S.
(2) Organizers of the forth-coming meet to teach a lesson to the U.S.
(3) Drawing attentions of the world towards devastating effects of environment degradation.
(4) U:S. wants to use it as a handle against the developing countries in the forthcoming meet
(5) The meet is a part of political agenda of the U.N.
33. Choose the word which is SIMILAR in meaning of the word' allergic' as . used in the
passage.
(1) liking (2) passionate'
(3) possessive (4) crumbling (5) repugnant
. 34.Which of the following is the indication of environmental degradation in South Asia?
(1) Social and economic inequality
(2) Crumbling health care system
(3) Inadequate pollution control' system
(4) Overemphasis on technology
(5) Radically changing mon-soon pattern
35. What must we realize, according the passage?
(1) No country should show superiority over other countries
(2) U.N. is putting in. hard efforts in he direction of pollution control
(3) All countries must join hands in fighting pollution
(4) Nobody should travel through tunnel to avoid health hazards
(5) We all must strive hard to increase agricultural production
36. Which of the following finds place in the United Nations Environment
Programme Report? .
(1.) Changing monsoon patterns
(2) Substantial increase in respiratory diseases '.
(3) A serious cover of pollution over the region
. (4) Reduction in winter rice harvest
(5) None of these
37. Which of the following statements is NOT TRUE in the context of the passage? .
(1) U.N. environment report blames countries like India and China
(2), Developing countries have '- taken environment shortcuts in their bid to catch' up with the
west.
(3)' U.S. is also to 'be blamed for environmental degradation and pollution .
(4) Indians cannot afford to have any further crop failure .
(5) U.S, has tightened safety standards for drinking water
38. According to the passage. Johannesburg meet. is going to withness
(1) calm and dispassionate thinking on the issue of pollution control
(2) a blaming game between developed and developing Countries' .
(3) refusal of U.N. to work as arbitrator
, (4) U.S. agreeing to look at the issue of lowering its consumption
(5)countries agreeing for higher monetary allocation to R & D.
39. Choose the word which is MOST OPPOSITE in meaning to the word 'dubious' as used in
the passage? .
(1) unquestionable
(2) dissimilar
(3) illegal
 (4) antisocial
(5) innovative
90. Choose the word which is the MOS'T OPPOSITE in meaning to the word
"'morbidity' as used in the passage.
(1 )'Powerfulness
(2) healthiness
(3) softness
(4) acuteness
(5) purposeful'

01.(3) 02.(3) 23.(3) 24.(5) 25.(2) 26.(4)

27.(4) 28.(2) 29.(1) 30.(1)
03.(2) 04.(3) 05.(3) 06.(4) 31.(3) 32.(4) 33.(2) 34.(5)
07.(2) 08.(2) 09.(3) 10.(4) 35.(3) 36.(3) 37.(5) 38.(2)
11.(3) 12.(5) 13.(3) 14.(4) 39.(1) 40.(2) 41.(5) 42.(4)
15.(2) 16.(1) 17.(4) 18.(5) 43.(1) 44.(4) 45.(2)
. 19.(2) 20.(1) 21.(4) 22.(1)

01..(3) From our common sense we can say that decentralised sector consists of several parts
segments and one of the parts ()r segments is handicrafts. So, we can say that
"Handicrafts constitute an important segment of the decentralized sector of In
dia's economy on.
In the second gap we can use gives ()" provides. With segment, there is provides. So,
option (3) is the answer.
02.(3) To nourish something such as '-a feeling or belief means to allow
'" "or encourage it to grow. Again, after shall, should, can, could, may, might, ought,
dosen't, needn't, etc. we use only the first form of a Verb. For example,
Correct: He doesn't come here regularly Incorrect: He doesn't comes here. .
So, for the first gap we can choose nourish only. For gap two (2nd), the w!)rd cumulative is
 not a bad choice. So the answer is (3).
03.(2) We say Interaction between . two parts or two parties or two identities. So, the word
Interaction is the most appropriate choice for the first gap. The sentence becomes
meaningful if we say "The quality d Interaction between individuals can be improved to
the benefit of both the parties".
04.(3) Emerges, generates, evolves, grows, comes out, germinates, or crops up can be
used in the first gap to make the sentence meaningful one.The 'word Emerges is therein
'the third option. Now, so far as the second gap is concerned, we can use consideration
without hesitation. Consideration is careful thought about something.
For example,
He said there' should be careful consideration of the future role of the SSG.
-Page 346, Collins Cobuild English Dictionary
05.(3) To compound a problem, difficulty, or mistake means to make it worse by adding to it. For
example,
(1) Additional bloodshed and loss of life will only compound the tragedy.
(2) The problem is compounded by the medical system ,here. We know "the problem of
.housing shortage is worsened (compounded)' with the' population explosion. So,
compounded can be use ci in the first gap. Now for the second gap, we can consider
addressed.
If you address a problem or task or if you address yourself to it, you try to understand it or
deal with it. So, addressed can be used in the second gap. .
06.(4) Something or someone that is. audacious takes risks in order to achieve something.
-For example: an audacious plan to win the presidency. Venturous .or venturesome means
ready to take risks; daring: young children becoming more venturous in their use. of
language. So, audacious and venturous are synonymous. Hence the answer' is (4).
Abstruse means difficult to understand.
07.(2) Extol (Verb) .means to praise somebody/something highly. For example,
(1) Government ministers began to extol the virtues .of liberalism. (2) He was extolled as
a hero;" Eulogize (Verb) means to praise somebody/something highly in speech or
writing. For example, She always eulogizes her children's achievements.
So, extol and eulogize are synonymous. -Page 393, Oxford Advanced
 . Learner's Dictionary. .
08.(2) A recluse is a person who lives alone and deliberately avoids other people.
For example,
His widow became a virtual recluse for the remainder of her life.
A pandemic is an occurrence of a disease that effects many people over a very wide area.
For example, .The AIDS pandemic has highlighted many deficiencies in public health
care throughout the world. It...an object or substance is transparent, You can see through
it. If a situation, system, or activity is transparent, it is easily understood or recognized.
1f an object or substance is .. opaque, you can't see through it.
1f you say that some thirtrd is opaque, you mean that it is difficult to understand.
In comparison, we find the words transparent and opaque antonymous.
09.(3) A diminutive person or object is very small.
For example,
Her eyes scanned the room until they came to rest on a diminutive figure standing at the
entrance. A diminutive is an informal from - of a name.
A diminutive is a suffix which
is added to a word to show affection or to indicate that something is small.
Diminutive means very small. So large is the autonym of diminutive.
10.(4) Something that is enormous is extremely large in size .or
amount. .. .
You can use enormous to emphasize the great degree or .extent of something.
For example,
It was an enormous disappointment.
1f you malign someone, you say unpleasant and until things about them.
If something is malign, it causes harm.
For example,
Reliance on sponsorship can have a malign effect on theatre groups.
. Absorb (Verb)'means to take, draw or suck something in ; to . include something/somebody
as
part to itself or oneself; to take something into the mind and learn or understand it; to reduce
the effect of a below, etc.; to hold somebody's attention or interest completely; tei, use up a
 large supply of something ;especially money. Slander is an untrue spoken statement about
someone which is intended to damage their reputation.
. . To slander someone means to say untrue things about them in' order to damage their
reputation. So we find malign and slander are synonymous.
-Page. 550, 1564, Collins Cobuild English Dictionary
26.(4) "£;loth .official and corporate India has always been allergic to any mention of clean
technol.ogy". This is what is said in the first paragraph of the' passage. Clearly the answer is
(4).
27.(4) "- further crop failure will amount to a life and death question for many Indians".
Though" dwi net Ii n g agricultural yield" 'option 5) "failure in crops" (option 4), both
can be choosen, so far the meaning and implications are concerned. But
- as there is direct mention, so we must choose option (4).
28.(2) "The increase in premature . deaths will have adverse social and .economic
consequences and a rise in morbidities will place an unbearable burden on our' crumbling
health system". So the answer is (2).
29.(1) Profligacy is 'extravagance and wastefulness: the continuing profligacy of certain
States. So the answer is (1). The meaning the word profligacy bears in the passage also
supports this contention.
31.(3) "Most mechanical two wheelers roll off the assembly line without proper pollution
control system".
- This shows that two wheeler industry is not adequately concerned about pollution
control systems in the vehicles
32.(4) "Two expressions can be considered in this respect:
(1)skeptics might question the timing of the haze report. .
(2) U.N~ environment report will likely to find a place in the U.S. arsenal -'
This shows the-passage 'indicates that the U.S. wants to use it as a handle against the
developing countries in the forthcoming meet.
33.(2) 8 If you are allergic to something, you become ill or get a rash when you eat it, smell
it, or touch it.
For example,
I am allergic to cat.
 If you have an allergic reaction to something, you become ill or get a rash when you' eat
it, smell it, .or touch it.
It you say that you are allergic to something or someone, you mean that you dislike them
very strongly and try to avoid them.
For example,
He was allergic to risk.
The word similar in meaning to allergic is dispassionate.
34.(5) The very introductory sentence to the passage mentions some indicat.ors. "Radically
chagrining monsoon patterns. is one among . them. So, option (5) is the answer