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ȼɟɫɬɧɢɤ ɉɇɂɉɍ. ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɚɪɯɢɬɟɤɬɭɪɚ. ʋ 1.

2012

ɍȾɄ 620.1:539

Ⱥ.Ⱥ. ɉɟɩɟɥɹɟɜ, Ƚ.Ƚ. Ʉɚɲɟɜɚɪɨɜɚ


ɉɟɪɦɫɤɢɣ ɧɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɢɣ ɩɨɥɢɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ

ɍɑȿɌ ɏȺɊȺɄɌȿɊɂɋɌɂɄ ɅȿȽɄɈɋȻɊȺɋɕȼȺȿɆɕɏ


ɄɈɇɋɌɊɍɄɐɂɃ ɉɊɂ ɆɈȾȿɅɂɊɈȼȺɇɂɂ ȼɁɊɕȼȺ
ȻɕɌɈȼɈȽɈ ȽȺɁȺ ȼ ɀɂɅɈɆ ɁȾȺɇɂɂ

Ⱥɜɚɪɢɢ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ, ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɜɡɪɵɜɚɦɢ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ, ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɢɜɚɸɬ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɦɟ-
ɬɨɞɢɤ, ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɠɢɜɭɱɟɫɬɢ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɤɨɥɥɚɩɫɨɜ. ɂɡɛɵɬɨɱ-
ɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɜɡɪɵɜɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɨɬ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɹ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɵɯ
ɩɪɨɟɦɨɜ – ɥɟɝɤɨɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ. Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɚɹ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɦɢ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɚɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ
ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɷɬɨ ɭɱɟɫɬɶ.

Ʉɥɸɱɟɜɵɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ: ɜɡɪɵɜ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ, ɞɟɮɥɚɝɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɜɡɪɵɜ, ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ,


ɥɟɝɤɨɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ, ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɚɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ.

ɉɨɫɥɟɞɧɢɟ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɟ ɚɜɚɪɢɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ, ɩɪɨɢɡɨɲɟɞɲɢɟ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ


ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɜ ɝɚɡɚ, ɤ ɫɨɠɚɥɟɧɢɸ, ɤɨɧɫɬɚɬɢɪɭɸɬ ɬɨɬ ɮɚɤɬ, ɱɬɨ ɫɨ-
ɜɪɟɦɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɨɬ ɞɚɧɧɵɯ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɧɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɨɬɜɪɚɳɚɬɶ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫɚɦɢ ɚɜɚɪɢɢ, ɧɨ
ɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɢɪɭɸɳɟɟ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɚɜɚɪɢɣ.
ȼ ɫɬ. 7 Ɏɟɞɟɪɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɊɎ ʋ 384-ɎɁ «Ɍɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɪɟɝɥɚ-
ɦɟɧɬ ɨ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ» ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ: «ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ
ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɢ ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɬɶ
ɬɚɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɶɸ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ
ɢ ɷɤɫɩɥɭɚɬɚɰɢɢ ɧɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɥɨ ɭɝɪɨɡɵ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɪɟɞɚ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɢɥɢ ɡɞɨ-
ɪɨɜɶɸ ɥɸɞɟɣ, ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɭ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢɥɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɥɢɰ, ɝɨɫɭɞɚɪ-
ɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɢɥɢ ɦɭɧɢɰɢɩɚɥɶɧɨɦɭ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɭ, ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ…».
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɧɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹɲɧɢɣ ɞɟɧɶ ɩɨɞɚɜɥɹɸɳɟɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɠɢɥɵɯ
ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɊɎ ɧɟ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚɧɢɹɦ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ, ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ
ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɧɟ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɬ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟ-
ɪɢɫɬɢɤɚɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɩɚɫɧɨɫɬɢ ɠɢɡɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɸɞɟɣ.
Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɦɵ ɦɨɠɟɦ ɜɢɞɟɬɶ, ɱɬɨ ɠɢɥɵɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ (ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɧɨɪ-
ɦɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɟɦ ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ, ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɎɁ) ɧɢɤɚɤ ɧɟ ɡɚɳɢɳɟɧɵ
ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦ ɨɬ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ. ȼ ɫɬ. 16 ɎɁ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ:
«ɉɪɢ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɜɵɲɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ

147
Ⱥ.Ⱥ. ɉɟɩɟɥɹɟɜ, Ƚ.Ƚ. Ʉɚɲɟɜɚɪɨɜɚ

ɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɭɱɬɟɧɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɚɜɚɪɢɣɧɚɹ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɧɚɹ ɫɢ-


ɬɭɚɰɢɹ, ɢɦɟɸɳɚɹ ɦɚɥɭɸ ɜɟɪɨɹɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɟɛɨɥɶɲɭɸ
ɩɪɨɞɨɥɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ, ɧɨ ɹɜɥɹɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɜɚɠɧɨɣ ɫ ɬɨɱɤɢ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɫɬ-
ɜɢɣ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɭɬɶ
ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ (ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ,
ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɳɟɣ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫɨ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɦ, ɫɬɨɥɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɟɦ, ɚɜɚɪɢɟɣ, ɩɨɠɚɪɨɦ,
ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɨɬɤɚɡɚ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɧɟɫɭɳɢɯ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶ-
ɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ)».
ɉɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɧɨɪɦ ɩɨ ɡɚɳɢɬɟ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ, ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟ-
ɫɤɨɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ, ɧɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ, ɢɯ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɨɝɪɨɦɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ
ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɪɟɤɨɦɟɧɞɚɰɢɣ, ɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ, ɩɪɟɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ, ɧɚ ɷɤɫɩɟ-
ɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢɡɵɫɤɚɧɢɹɯ.
ȼɡɪɵɜɵ ɝɚɡɚ ɜ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ, ɨɬ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ ɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɭɬɟɱɤɢ ɛɵɬɨɜɨ-
ɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ, ɞɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ, ɜɵɡɜɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ
ɢ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɧɵɦɢ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɝɚɡɨɜɨɡɞɭɲ-
ɧɨɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ, – ɫɥɨɠɧɟɣɲɢɣ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ, ɡɚɜɢɫɹɳɢɣ ɨɬ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ.
ɉɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɜɡɪɵɜɵ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɢɦɟɸɬ ɞɟɮɥɚɝɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɯɚɪɚɤ-
ɬɟɪ, ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɝɨɪɸɱɟɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɢɥɢ ɩɚɪɚ ɢ ɜɨɡ-
ɞɭɯɚ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɲɚɧɧɵɯ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɢ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɷɬɚ ɫɦɟɫɶ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɚɫɶ
ɦɟɠɞɭ ɧɢɠɧɢɦ ɢ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɦ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɦɢ ɜɡɪɵɜɚɟɦɨ-
ɫɬɢ, ɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɜɡɪɵɜɧɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɜɚɡɢɫɬɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ.
Ⱦɟɮɥɚɝɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɵɣ ɜɡɪɵɜ – ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɞɨɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨ-
ɬɨɪɨɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɛɵɫɬɪɨ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɚɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɡɨɧɚ (ɮɪɨɧɬ) ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɣ. ɉɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɨɬ ɡɨɧɵ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɞɜɢ-
ɠɟɧɢɹ ɮɪɨɧɬɚ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɬɟɩɥɨɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɢ, ɜ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɢ ɨɬ
ɞɟɬɨɧɚɰɢɢ, ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɡɨɧɚ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɣ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɨ ɫɜɟɪɯ-
ɡɜɭɤɨɜɨɣ ɫɤɨɪɨɫɬɶɸ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɱɚ ɷɧɟɪɝɢɢ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɭɞɚɪɧɨɝɨ
ɫɠɚɬɢɹ.
ɂɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɟ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɪɢ ɜɡɪɵɜɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɚ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ.
Ƚɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ, ɚ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ
ɞɥɢɧɵ ɫ ɲɢɪɢɧɨɣ ɢ ɜɵɫɨɬɨɣ, ɩɪɢ ɧɟɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɢ
(10:1 ɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ) ɦɨɝɭɬ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ
ɬɭɪɛɭɥɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɜɡɪɵɜɟ, ɚ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɧɚ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɢɡ-
ɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ. ɇɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɫɦɟɠɧɵɯ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ, ɩɪɟɝɪɚɞ ɧɚ ɩɭɬɢ
ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɮɪɨɧɬɚ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɬɟ-
ɤɚɧɢɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ.

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ɍɱɟɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɥɟɝɤɨɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ

ȼɚɠɧɨɟ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɥɟɝɤɨɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤ-


ɰɢɣ, ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ
ɜɡɪɵɜɟ ɡɚ ɫɱɟɬ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɝɨɪɸɱɟɣ ɫɦɟɫɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɜ ɝɨɪɟɧɢɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ
ɜɫɤɪɵɬɵɣ ɩɪɨɟɦ. ɇɚ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹɲɧɢɣ ɞɟɧɶ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɡɚɳɢɬɵ, ɧɚ-
ɲɟɞɲɢɣ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɟ ɨɛɴ-
ɟɤɬɨɜ ɧɚ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɨɩɚɫɧɨɦ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟ, ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɩɨɥɧɨ ɢɡɭɱɟɧ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɤ ɠɢɥɵɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚ. ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɢ ɬɪɟɛɨɜɚ-
ɧɢɹ ɤ ɨɝɪɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɦ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦ ɜ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ ɧɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɚɬ ɧɨɪ-
ɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɥɟɝɤɨɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ, ɬɨɝɞɚ ɤɚɤ ɩɚ-
ɪɚɦɟɬɪɵ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɬɟɤɥɟɧɢɹ, ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɥɢɹɸɬ
ɧɚ ɟɝɨ ɫɛɪɨɫɧɵɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɬɶ ɨɫɬɟɤɥɟɧɢɸ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɳɢɬ-
ɧɵɦ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɦ ɩɪɢ ɜɡɪɵɜɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɣ. ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɟ
ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɢɡɛɵɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɚɯ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ
ɩɪɨɟɦɨɜ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɵ, ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ, ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪɨɦ Ƚ.Ƚ. Ɉɪɥɨɜɵɦ [1].
ȼ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɯ ɭɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ, ɱɬɨ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɫɬɟɤɨɥ
ɜ ɩɪɨɟɦɟ (ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ, ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ, ɫɨɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɨɪɨɧ) ɢ ɫɯɟɦɵ ɤɪɟɩɥɟ-
ɧɢɹ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧ ɫɬɟɤɥɚ ɜ ɩɟɪɟɩɥɟɬɚɯ (ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ, ɧɚɪɭɠɧɨɟ) ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɧɚ-
ɝɪɭɡɨɤ, ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɢɯ ɫɬɟɤɥɚ, ɦɨɠɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶɫɹ ɨɬ 1,2 ɞɨ 66 ɤɉɚ.
ɋɬɟɤɥɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɞɨ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɚ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɮɪɨɧɬ ɩɥɚɦɟɧɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɚɟɬ ɩɨ-
ɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɬɟɤɥɚ. Ⱦɥɹ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɜɚɪɢɚɧɬɨɜ ɨɫɬɟɤɥɟɧɢɹ
ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɥɟɝɤɨɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ (ɅɋɄ) ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɭɫɥɨ-
ɜɢɟ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɢɟ ɫɬɟɤɥɚ, ɧɟ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɥɢ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ,
ɤɪɢɬɢɱɧɵɟ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ. ɉɪɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɞɜɨɣɧɨɝɨ
ɨɫɬɟɤɥɟɧɢɹ (ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɬɪɨɣɧɨɝɨ) ɨɤɨɧɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɩɥɟɬɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢ-
ɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɬɚɤ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɹ (ɧɚ-
ɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɩɪɢ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɛɨɥɬɨɜ ɫ ɨɫɥɚɛɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɲɟɣɤɨɣ). ɉɨɤɚɡɚɬɟɥɢ
ɜɡɪɵɜɧɨɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ ɞɥɹ ɫɬɟɤɨɥ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɣ ɩɥɨɳɚɞɢ ɢ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɵ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɵ
Ƚ.Ƚ. Ɉɪɥɨɜɵɦ ɜ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɬɚɛɥɢɰ (ɬɚɛɥɢɰɚ).
Ɇɵ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɟɦ, ɱɬɨ ɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɹɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ, ɧɨ
ɧɟ ɨɛɹɡɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɅɋɄ, ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɨɝɪɚɠɞɚɸɳɢɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ
ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɟɤɬɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɢɡɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨ ɤɚɤ ɅɋɄ, ɧɨ, ɹɜɥɹɹɫɶ
ɧɚɢɦɟɧɟɟ ɩɪɨɱɧɵɦɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɹɦɢ, ɩɟɪɜɵɦɢ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɜɡɪɵɜɟ.
ȼ ɫɟɝɨɞɧɹɲɧɟɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɟ ɩɨɜɫɟɦɟɫɬɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ-
ɢ ɬɪɟɯɤɚɦɟɪɧɵɯ ɫɬɟɤɥɨɩɚɤɟɬɨɜ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɟɦɨɜ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɛɭɞɭɬ ɹɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɅɋɄ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɪɢ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ, ɤɚɫɚɸ-
ɳɢɯɫɹ ɬɟɯɧɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɢɫɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɩɥɟɬɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɣ ɤ ɫɬɟɧɚɦ,
ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɣ ɜɵɛɢɬɶ ɫɬɟɤɥɚ ɜ ɩɚɤɟɬɚɯ.

149
Ⱥ.Ⱥ. ɉɟɩɟɥɹɟɜ, Ƚ.Ƚ. Ʉɚɲɟɜɚɪɨɜɚ

ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɹ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɧɚ ɠɢɥɵɟ ɡɞɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹ-


ɟɬɫɹ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɢɡ ɬɟɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɟɜ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɵ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɡɚ-
ɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɤɨɦɩɶɸɬɟɪɧɵɦ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ. ɂɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɹ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɭɸ ɧɚɦɢ
ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɸ, ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɨ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɭɸ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɯ [2, 3], ɦɵ
ɦɨɠɟɦ ɭɱɟɫɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ, ɜɥɢɹɸɳɢɯ ɧɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ
ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɧɢɹ ɚɜɚɪɢɢ, ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɹɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɥɟɝɤɨɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɦɢ ɜ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɹɯ.

Ɂɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɜ ɫɬɟɤɥɚ


ɢ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ (ɤɉɚ, ɜ ɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɟ) ɨɬ ɧɚɢɛɨɥɶɲɟɝɨ
ɩɪɨɝɢɛɚ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɢ (ɦɦ, ɜ ɡɧɚɦɟɧɚɬɟɥɟ)
Ɋɚɡɦɟɪ ɫɬɟɤɥɚ, ɦɦ Ɍɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɫɬɟɤɥɚ, ɦɦ
2 3 4 5
1080×1435 – 3,1–2,3 3,5–2,6 3,8–2,8
–34 –20 –18
550×1435 4,6–3,9 5,3–4,5 5,8–4,9 6,2–5,1
17–14 14–11 12–16 10–7
1700×675 – 4,4–3,9 4,9–4,3 5,3–4,6
17–14 16–13 15–12
1100×675 – 4,5–4 4,9–4,5 5,2–4,8
16–13 15–12 14–12
975×625 5–4,2 5,8–4,8 6,4–5,3 7–5,8
17–14 15–12 13–11 12–11
1575×625 4,4–3,8 5–4,3 5,6–4,75 6–5
18–15 17–14 15–12 13–11
975×650 4,8–3,9 5,5–4,4 5,8–4,9 6–5,2
19–15 16–13 15–12 13–12
1575×650 4,5–3,7 5–4,2 5,6–4,7 6–5
20–17 18–15 16–13 14–12
975×750 – 5–4,09 5–4,5 5,3–4,8
17–14 16–13 16–12
1575×750 – 3,5–2,6 43 4,4–3,3
19–16 1714 15–13
1575×1175 – 1,8–1,4 2–1,6 2,1–1,7
–26 25–22 21–18
1050×550 – 4,6–4,2 5,8–5,2 6–5,2
– – –
1100×1050 – 2,5–3 3,6–4 4,8–4,2
– – –
1050×1700 – 1,5–2 2–2,5 2,8–4
– – –

Ɇɚɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ, ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɦɵɟ ɜ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ, ɨɩɢ-


ɪɚɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɬɪɭɞɵ ɩɨ ɝɢɞɪɨɝɚɡɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɤɟ, ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɫɨɜɪɟ-
ɦɟɧɧɵɯ ɭɱɟɧɵɯ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ [4], ɢ ɧɚɬɭɪɧɵɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɵ [5].

150
ɍɱɟɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɥɟɝɤɨɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ

ɉɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɧɨɦ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɟ FlowVision


(ɪɢɫ. 1), ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɸɳɟɦ ɪɟɲɚɬɶ ɝɚɡɨɞɢɧɚɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɢ ɫɨɩɪɹɠɟɧ-
ɧɵɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɩɨɬɨɤɚ ɫ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɦɵɦ ɬɟɥɨɦ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨ
ɫ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨ-ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɝɪɚɦɦɚɦɢ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ANSYS.
ɋɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɭɱɟɬɚ «ɫɛɪɨɫɚ ɩɪɨɟɦɚ», ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɧɚɦɢ ɜ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢ-
ɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ, ɫɜɨɞɹɬɫɹ ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɝɪɚɧɢɱɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɞɥɹ
ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ, ɢɦɢɬɢɪɭɸɳɟɣ ɨɤɧɨ (ɪɢɫ. 2) ɧɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɲɚɝɟ
ɜɵɱɢɫɥɟɧɢɹ, ɬ.ɟ. ɪɟɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɨɧɧɨ ɫɜɹ-
ɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ.
ȼ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ [2, 3] ɧɟ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɪɟɚɥɶ-
ɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɤɨɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɟɦɨɜ ɢ ɫɱɢɬɚɥɨɫɶ, ɱɬɨ
ɩɪɨɟɦ ɥɢɛɨ ɜɫɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɦɢɧɢɦɚɥɶɧɨɦ, ɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨɦ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ, ɥɢɛɨ
ɧɟ ɜɫɤɪɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ.
Ɋɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɚɧɧɚɹ ɧɚɦɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɹ, ɩɨɞɬɜɟɪɠɞɟɧɧɚɹ
ɧɚɬɭɪɧɵɦɢ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɦɢ, ɩɨɡɜɨɥɹɟɬ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɭɝɥɭɛɢɬɶ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɢ ɭɱɟɫɬɶ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɅɋɄ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɡɧɚɬɶ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɭ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɢɯ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɤ ɞɥɹ
ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɟɦɵɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɨɫɬɟɤɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɜɜɨɞɢɬɶ «ɫɛɪɨɫ ɩɪɨɟɦɚ» ɜ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɧɚ
ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɦ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɦ ɷɬɚɩɟ ɩɪɢ ɞɨɫɬɢɠɟɧɢɢ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ
ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɨɫɬɟɤɥɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ.

Ɋɢɫ. 1. ȼɡɪɵɜ ɝɚɡɚ ɜ ɦɨɞɟɥɢ FlowVision Ɋɢɫ. 2. Ɇɨɞɟɥɶ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ ɜ FlowVision

ɉɪɢ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨɣ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ, ɬ.ɟ. ɩɪɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɧɚɪɚɫɬɚ-


ɧɢɹ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɦ ɩɨɦɟɳɟɧɢɢ, ɦɨɠɟɦ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɶ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɪɚɡ-
ɪɭɲɚɸɳɟɣ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɪɚɫɫɱɢɬɵɜɚɬɶ ɨɫɬɟɤɥɟɧɢɟ
ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ, ɱɬɨɛɵ ɨɧɨ ɫɥɭɠɢɥɨ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɅɋɄ. Ⱦɚɧɧɚɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ ɧɚ-
ɝɪɭɡɤɢ, ɤɚɤ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɜ [1], ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɩɪɟɜɵɲɚɬɶ ɤɪɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ,
ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɟ ɫɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ.

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Ⱥ.Ⱥ. ɉɟɩɟɥɹɟɜ, Ƚ.Ƚ. Ʉɚɲɟɜɚɪɨɜɚ

Ȼɢɛɥɢɨɝɪɚɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɫɩɢɫɨɤ
1. Ɉɪɥɨɜ Ƚ.Ƚ. Ʌɟɝɤɨɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɞɥɹ ɜɡɪɵɜɨɡɚɳɢɬɵ
ɩɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ. – Ɇ.: ɋɬɪɨɣɢɡɞɚɬ, 1987.
2. ɉɟɩɟɥɹɟɜ Ⱥ.Ⱥ., Ʉɚɲɟɜɚɪɨɜɚ Ƚ.Ƚ. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ɡɚɳɢ-
ɬɵ ɬɢɩɨɜɵɯ ɠɢɥɵɯ ɡɞɚɧɢɣ ɨɬ ɩɪɨɝɪɟɫɫɢɪɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ // Inter-
national Journal for Computational Civil and Structural Engineering. –
2008. – Vol. 4, Is. 2. – ɋ. 69–70.
3. ɉɟɩɟɥɹɟɜ Ⱥ.Ⱥ., Ʉɚɲɟɜɚɪɨɜɚ Ƚ.Ƚ. Ɇɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɟɬɪɨɫɩɟɤ-
ɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ ɜ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɧɨɦ ɡɞɚɧɢɢ // ɋɬɪɨɢ-
ɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɣ. – 2010. – ʋ 2 (229). – ɋ. 41–47.
4. Ⱥɤɫɟɧɨɜ Ⱥ.Ⱥ., ɉɨɯɢɥɤɨ ȼ.ɂ., Ɍɢɲɢɧ Ⱥ.ɉ. ɂɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ-
ɫɬɭɩɟɧɱɚɬɨɝɨ ɫɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɬɚɧɚ ɜ ɜɢɯɪɟɜɨɣ ɝɨɪɟɥɤɟ // Ɍɪ. 2-ɣ Ɋɨɫ. ɧɚɰ.
ɤɨɧɮ. ɩɨ ɬɟɩɥɨɨɛɦɟɧɭ, Ɇɨɫɤɜɚ, 26–30 ɨɤɬ. 1998. – Ɍ. 3. – Ɇ., 1998.
5. ɉɟɩɟɥɹɟɜ Ⱥ.Ⱥ., Ʉɚɲɟɜɚɪɨɜɚ Ƚ.Ƚ. ȼɟɪɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɹ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɢ ɪɚɫɱɟɬɚ
ɞɟɮɥɚɝɪɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɡɪɵɜɚ ɛɵɬɨɜɨɝɨ ɝɚɡɚ // Sworld: ɫɛ. ɧɚɭɱ. ɬɪ. ɩɨ ɦɚɬɟ-
ɪɢɚɥɚɦ ɦɟɠɞɭɧɚɪ. ɧɚɭɱ.-ɩɪɚɤɬ. ɤɨɧɮ. – 2012. – Ɍ. 4, ʋ 1. – ɋ. 55–57.

ɉɨɥɭɱɟɧɨ 2.10.2012

A.A. Pepelyaev, G.G. Kashevarova

GIVEN THE CHARACTERISTICS OF STRUCTURES


EASILY DISCHARGED WHEN MODELING DOMESTIC
GAS EXPLOSION IN A RESIDENTIAL BUILDING

Accident residential buildings caused by gas explosion, cause the development of techniques to
study the viability and to prevent the development of collapse. Excessive pressure in the explosion of a
variety of factors, including the availability of open apertures – easily discharged designs. Developed
by the authors of computing technology allows it to take into consideration.
Keywords: gas explosion, deflagration explosion, excessive pressure, easily resettable design,
computing technology.

Ɉɛ ɚɜɬɨɪɚɯ
ɉɟɩɟɥɹɟɜ Ⱥɧɞɪɟɣ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɟɜɢɱ (ɉɟɪɦɶ, Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ) – ɤɚɧɞ. ɬɟɯɧ. ɧɚ-
ɭɤ, ɚɫɫɢɫɬɟɧɬ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɵ «ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɜɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ
ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ» ɎȽȻɈɍ ȼɉɈ ɉɇɂɉɍ (e-mail: smivt@pstu.ru).

152
ɍɱɟɬ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɥɟɝɤɨɫɛɪɚɫɵɜɚɟɦɵɯ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɣ ɩɪɢ ɦɨɞɟɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ

Ʉɚɲɟɜɚɪɨɜɚ Ƚɚɥɢɧɚ Ƚɟɧɧɚɞɶɟɜɧɚ (ɉɟɪɦɶ, Ɋɨɫɫɢɹ) – ɞ-ɪ ɬɟɯɧ. ɧɚ-


ɭɤ, ɩɪɨɮɟɫɫɨɪ, ɡɚɜɟɞɭɸɳɚɹ ɤɚɮɟɞɪɨɣ «ɋɬɪɨɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɚ ɢ ɜɵɱɢɫ-
ɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɬɟɯɧɨɥɨɝɢɢ» ɎȽȻɈɍ ȼɉɈ ɉɇɂɉɍ (e-mail: ggk@pstu.ru).
About the authors
Pepelyaev Andrej Alekseevich (Perm, Russia) – Candidate of Technics,
assistant lecturer, Department of Mechanics and computational technologies,
Perm National Research Polytechnic University (e-mail: smivt@pstu.ru).
Kashevarova Galina Gennadyevna (Perm, Russia) – Doctor of
Technics, Professor, Head of Department Mechanics and computational
technologies, Perm National Research Polytechnic University (e-mail:
ggk@pstu.ru).

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