Building Technology 1

Project 2 : Construction Solutions

Name : Shreya Maria Wilson (0322173)
Tutor : Mr. Edwin Chan
SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE, BUILDING & DESIGN
Centre for Modern Architecture Studies in Southeast Asia (MASSA)
Bachelor of Science (Hons) in Architecture
Table of Content
Introduction to site

Precedence Study : Structural System

Tinman House / Junsekino Architect And Design……………………………………………………………………………………………………….2

Interventions In Common Areas Of Public Multi-Family Housing Buildings / Studio Af6…………………………………………….3

Double Duplex / Batay-Csorba Architects………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……..4

Precedence Study : Roof System

MALI New Contemporary Art Wing…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………5

Precedence Study : Facade System (1)

Double Duplex / Batay-Csorba Architects………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..……………………………...6

Precedence Study : Facade System (2)

Herzog & de Meuron studio Fünf HöfeTheatinerstraße Germany……………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….……..7

Design Implementation Façade

Sectional Perspective (1)………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…..…………..………….12
Sectional Perspective (2)……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….………….13
References ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….…………………..14
 Introduction to site

Location: Lot no. 7-11, Jalan Stesen, Kawasan 1, 41000 Klang, Selangor

This project is a community library located in Klang, on Jalan Besar

road, sandwiched between shop lots. The library being an infill project
lies within the busy urban content. The design focused on the idea of
encouraging and empowering the community to interact with each
other through architectural programs. Thus the library’s ground floor is
incorporated with single familiar elements which is the 5ft walkway to
draw the community into the library spaces slowly and naturally.

The 3-storey library consists mainly of human library, library with

books and digital section, programs are designed to be transitioned
from spontaneous activities based spaces to intentional activity
spaces. The façade and structure design are inspired by materials
which blend or compliment the context naturally.

Use of steel structure construction to minimize on site storages and

machineries; composite slab to reduce site work and labour forces;
saw-tooth roof to allow more natural light, Perforated façade system
to act as sound barrier as well as ventilation purposes.
Structure System
Tinman House / Junsekino Architect And Design
OVERVIEW
Project Name : Tinman House
Location : Bangkok, Thailand
Architect : Junsekino Architect And Design
Project Year : 2014
Structure System:
Based on the owner’s appreciation of steel
structures, the expression of this building is a
simple and straightforward but distinctive
design using structural steel as the primary
material. Besides the characteristics and
inherent benefits of structural steel in terms of
high resiliency and performance under difficult
conditions with the ability to go up quickly to
meet tough construction schedules, structural
steel can also reflect the flexibility of
construction process and represent the quality
of the ‘Truth to materials.’
Reason
• The proposed building requires high
strength and durability.
• Interior partitions can be easily added
to create compartmentalization in
library
• Chosen for its various advantages
• The steel structure can be prefabricated
offsite hence doesn’t required storage
on site as there is shortage of space
• This kind of construction is not labour
intensive.
Advantages
• high resiliency and performance
under difficult conditions
• Quick construction
• structural steel can also reflect
the flexibility of construction
process and represent the quality
of the ‘Truth to materials.’
• Easy maintenance and span up to
50 years
• Capacity of weight high and can
withstand wind pressure
Disadvantages
• Steel structures are susceptible to
corrosion when exposed to air, water
and humidity. They must be painted
periodically.
• Steel has very low resistance against fire
as compared to concrete.
• Steel is incombustible but its strength
will reduce tremendously at high
temperatures, such as fire.
• The strength of structural steel
membrane is subjected to cyclic
loading. Axonometric
Composite Steel Decking Floor System
Interventions In Common Areas Of Public Multi-Family Housing Buildings / Studio Af6

OVERVIEW
Project Name : Interventions in common
areas of public Multi-family Housing Buildings
Location : Barriada Antonio Machado, 41740 Connection
Lebrija, Sevilla, Spain Between
Architect : Studio Af6 Intermediate and
Project Year : 2010 Main deck beam
Structure System:

The approach to mediating between the two separate buildings by reconfiguring the interior
street separating them, using materials and building solutions chosen for their simplicity,
accessibility conditions were improved and the space, which residents had previously
avoided crossing, could now be used for transit and as public space. Composite galvanized
steel floor decking with reinforced concrete was used for the floor slabs. And the
construction process allowed for all the homes to be used during building.

Construction method Advantages

Metal decking are placed accordingly on
the structural steel at predetermined
points in the erection sequences
Shear connectors and studs create
strong bond between the steel beams
and the concrete floor slab which is
then poured on the top of the metal
decking
Concrete is installed by contractors on
the top of the composite metal decking,
shear connectors, and rebar grid.
• Stiffer and stronger than other floor
systems, thus the weight and the size
can be reduced.
• Steel decking's are laid by hand, hence
less time is required than using a crane
which also leads to easy installation.
• Concrete required for the slab is
significantly reduced for any slab depth
without compromising the strength of
the structure or the fire performance.
• Doesn’t affect internal height as the
beams are inserted inside the slab.
• Cost effective as no heavy duty
machines and materials are required.

Reason
• Low in cost in terms od
construction and maintenance
• Easy construction allows locals to
be involved in building.
Disadvantages
• Steel structures tend to lose strength at
high temperature and are susceptible to
fire.
• Prone to corrosion in humid or marine
environment.
Wall System
Double Duplex / Batay-Csorba Architects
OVERVIEW
Project Name : Double Duplex
Location : Toronto, ON, Canada The wall emerges a contemporary response to its
Architect : Batay-Csorba Architects context, using an abstraction of the pervasive Bay and
Project Year : 2016 Gable typology, reinterpreting of architecture elements.
Structure System: Reinforces concrete masonry wall These elements include large bay massing that usually
covered over half of the front elevation, moldings and
Brick Expressionism to create rich and textural facades.

The Double Duplex infill project is located on Melbourne Avenue in

Toronto's Parkdale neighbourhood, notable for its century-old Victorian
and Bay and Gable mansions. The existing double-wide site was severed
into two separate properties with a four-storey, 3,500 square foot
detached duplex residence constructed on each site, each with two
two-storey units.

Construction Process
Stake the wall
Advantage
Prepare foundation for wall • Cost saving compared
Lay blocks to RC walls
Install second course on block • High fire resistance and
wall heat insulation
Cut concrete blocks around • High compressive
joints strength
Add reinforcements for • Highly durable
structural masonry wall • Less skilled labor
required
Reason
Aesthetically suits the design also is
Disadvantages
• Mixture penetration
a local material so compliments
• Limitation in construction for
the surrounding buildings
complex designs
Easy to construct and suits the rigid
• Thermal expansion
design.
• Tensile strength low
Roof System
MALI New Contemporary Art Wing

OVERVIEW
Project Name : MALI new contemporary art wing
Location : Peru, Lima
Architect : d’studio architecture
Project Year : 2017 Section showing the
Structure System: Saw tooth roof structure overall roof profile
with 2 glass panels
installed each to
capture the 2
direction sunlight.

Fiber Reinforced Concrete

Panel

Translucent double glazing

Minimum slope for

The new wing is designed as a link between the city and the park, becoming an maintenance with drain
important urban intersection and part of the city grid system. The museum is
Artificial diffused lighting
designed as a streetscape and aggregate of the three social and cultural program,
that each program works independently as a public program.

Reason Advantage Translucent acoustic

Allows adequate fenestration
into the building
Indirect light penetration as
compared to flat glass roof
keeping indoor temperature
low despite the extreme heat
Fast and light weight
construction as the
components can be
prefabricated off site
Steel construction can be
applied which can span larger
distances reducing the number
of supporting columns to
maximize internal spacing.
• Allows more natural light inside the membrane layer
spaces
• the configuration of the slopes of the Track for accent lighting &
roof provide the opportunity for the Hanging Rod
installation of solar photovoltaic cells
for a greener building.
• Higher peaks can provide the Precast conc. Parapet cap
opportunity for additional activity
Translucent double glazing
spaces
Transparent double glazing
without frit pattern
Disadvantages
• Saw tooth is much more expensive Minimum slope for
maintenance with drain
to construct than other roof types
due to complex design and materials Mullion with steel plate
required.
• High maintenance cost Skylight inside surface
• High chance for leakages if slopes
have complex configuration. Translucent acoustic
membrane layer

Sunscreen box with roll

Façade System 1
Double Duplex / Batay-Csorba Architects

OVERVIEW
Project Name : Double Duplex
Location : Toronto, ON, Canada
Architect : Batay-Csorba Architects
Project Year : 2016
Structure System: Façade System

The Double Duplex infill project is located on Melbourne Avenue in Toronto's Parkdale
neighbourhood, notable for its century-old Victorian and Bay and Gable mansions. The
existing double-wide site was severed into two separate properties with a four-storey, 3,500
square foot detached duplex residence constructed on each site, each with two two-storey
units.

Reason
Creates landmark due to its Disadvantage
striking appearance at night • Static façade
acting as a light box • No view provided from inside except bring
Reduces glare inside especially in light
the reading rooms • cleaning can be a issue as dust might
Creates interesting shadows collect
adding to the poetic quality

Advantage Constructed of a thermally treated softwood, SOFTWOOD BRISE SOLEIL

• Visually attractive
• Effective control of heat and
light
• The pattern helps reduce
the glare
• Aesthetically pleasing
patterns from shadows
• Durable and long lasting
the brise soleil, is used for the front and the
back façade, which helps in creating private Referencing a large art
spaces as well as large scale dynamic façade, installation- the
illuminating the interior with natural light members of the brise
during the day and lighting up the street at soleil are angled to catch
night. the light differently at
various times of the day ,
illustrating a variety of
images as one passes by.
Façade System 2
Herzog & de Meuron studio Fünf HöfeTheatinerstraße Germany
Reason
Perforated aluminum panels is
ideal for local climate because its
highly resistant to corrosion
making it ideal for outdoor
application.
The folding helps to improve
ventilation and bring in natural
lighting to the building. Also
helps in evacuation of from the
facade in case of fire from
Bomba. This system also acts as a
sound barrier between street
and the library. In addition its
easy to construct and requires
low maintenance.
Double skin
façade showing
open and
closed shutter
allowing light
as well as
creating
pattern for
aesthetics
OVERVIEW
Project Name : Fünf HöfeTheatinerstraße
Location : Fünf HöfeTheatinerstraße 11 80333MunichGermany
Architect : Herzog & de Meuron studio
Project Year : 2003
Structure System: Façade System
Perforated
corrugated
The whole façade of this building in Munich is covered with panel
a layer of horizontal folding sliding metal panels. The
manipulation of these leaves can be done from the inside
through a sophisticated mechanism, so as a pantograph.
Each leaf is formed from a drilled metal sheet, with circular
perforations about a couple of centimetres diameter. The
perforated sheet is then corrugated, giving the panel more
rigidity and a more complex transparency.
Advantage
• Allows interaction with natural and
artificial light as well as provides
solar shading at day time
• Lightweight
• Cost effective
• Provides buildings with noise proof
design solutions
• Provides building security
Disadvantages
• Framework more required
• Aesthetically unpleasant when
mechanism visible from inside
• Thermal insulation insufficient as
aluminum is a good conductor
• Poor water proofing, requires double
skin.
Steel Steel Beam
Deck

Steel
angle
 References
• Fünf Höfe. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://filt3rs.net/case/drilled-and-corrugated-folding-sliding-panels-hdm-587

• Dstudio architecture p.c. » MALI New Contemporary Art Wing. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://d-studio.us/?projects=mali-new-contemporary-art-wing

• Double Duplex / Batay-Csorba Architects. (2017, April 25). Retrieved from https://www.archdaily.com/869886/double-duplex-batay-csorba-architects

• Tinman House / Junsekino Architect And Design. (2014, November 03). Retrieved from https://www.archdaily.com/562082/tinman-house-junsekino-architect-and-
design

• Interventions In Common Areas Of Public Multi-Family Housing Buildings / Studio Af6. (2013, June 24). Retrieved from
https://www.archdaily.com/391411/interventions-in-common-areas-of-public-multi-family-housing-buildings-studio-af6

• Kingspan Roof Details & Valley Gutter Sc 1 St Kingspan Sandwich Panels in butterfly roof detail drawing collection. (n.d.). Retrieved from
https://clipartxtras.com/download/a8f0679355b5162e0c4655e43e9ba4521fcc9256.html

• (n.d.). Retrieved from http://oaa.on.ca/bloaag-detail/Double-Duplex/491

• Steel Frame Structures | Steel Framing | Steel Structures. (n.d.). Retrieved from http://www.understandconstruction.com/steel-frame-structures.html

•
Tinman House / Junsekino Architect And Design. (2016, June 10). Retrieved from https://www.architecturelab.net/tinman-house-junsekino-architect-and-design/