410028e TR c30-c65 Stand Alone

Capstone Turbine Corporation • 21211 Nordhoff Street • Chatsworth • CA 91311 • USA
Phone: (818) 734-5300 • Fax: (818) 734-5320 • Web: www.capstoneturbine.com
Technical Reference
Stand Alone Operation – Capstone Model C30 and C65
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 1 of 42

Capstone reserves the right to change or modify, without notice, the design, specifications, and/or contents of this document without
incurring any obligation either with respect to equipment previously sold or in the process of construction.
Technical Reference: Stand Alone Operation–Capstone Models C30 and C65
Capstone Turbine Corporation

21211 Nordhoff Street • Chatsworth • CA 91311 • USA
Telephone: (818) 407-3600
Facsimile: (818) 734-5382
Website: www.capstoneturbine.com
Capstone Technical Support

Telephone: (866) 4-CAPSTONE or (866) 422-7786
E-mail: service@capstoneturbine.com
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 2 of 42

Table of Contents
1. Introduction ...........................................................................................................................6
1.1. Stand Alone Mode .......................................................................................................6
1.2. Other Modes ................................................................................................................6
1.2.1. Grid Connect Mode .........................................................................................6
1.2.2. Dual Mode .......................................................................................................6
2. Reference Documents...........................................................................................................7
3. Stand Alone Operating Modes ..............................................................................................7
3.1. Dispatch Modes ...........................................................................................................7
3.2. Auto Restart .................................................................................................................8
3.3. Auto Load (Auto Enable Power) ...................................................................................9
3.4. Battery Charge Management .....................................................................................10
3.4.1. Initialization Settings......................................................................................11
3.4.2. Sleep State Management ..............................................................................11
3.4.3. Automatic Recharge ......................................................................................12
3.4.4. Manual Recharge ..........................................................................................13
3.5. Equalization Charge ...................................................................................................14
3.5.1. Equalization Charge Settings ........................................................................14
3.5.2. Manual Equalization Charge .........................................................................15
3.6. Voltage and Frequency Settings ................................................................................15
3.6.1. Operating Voltage .........................................................................................15
3.6.2. Operating Frequency.....................................................................................16
3.6.3. Soft Start .......................................................................................................17
3.6.4. Protective Relay Settings ..............................................................................18
4. MultiPac ..............................................................................................................................22
4.1. MultiPac Operation ....................................................................................................22
4.2. MultiPac Configuration ...............................................................................................23
4.2.1. Stand Alone Minimum Power Settings...........................................................23
4.2.2. CRMS ...........................................................................................................24
4.2.3. Microturbine Display Panel ............................................................................25
4.2.4. Assigning a New Master ................................................................................26
4.2.5. Shutdown for Scheduled Maintenance ..........................................................26
5. Configuring Stand Alone Operating Mode ...........................................................................27
5.1. Battery Isolation Switch ..............................................................................................27
5.2. Software Settings .......................................................................................................28
5.2.1. Stand Alone Configuration.............................................................................28
5.2.2. Voltage and Frequency Configuration ...........................................................28
5.2.3. Auto Restart Configuration ............................................................................28
5.2.4. Auto Load Configuration ................................................................................28
5.2.5. MultiPac Configuration ..................................................................................29
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5.3. Hardware Configuration .............................................................................................29

5.3.1. Stand Alone Interlock ....................................................................................29
5.3.2. Stand Alone Remote Start/Stop.....................................................................29
5.3.3. UCB Battery (Wake Up) ................................................................................29
5.3.4. Battery Wakeup .............................................................................................31
5.4. Sleep Mode ................................................................................................................34
5.5. Starting a Stand Alone System ..................................................................................34
5.6. Activating Stand Alone Power Output ........................................................................34
5.7. Deactivating Stand Alone Power Output ....................................................................35
5.8. Stopping Stand Alone Operation ................................................................................35
5.9. Initiating an Emergency Stop .....................................................................................35
6. System States .....................................................................................................................35
6.1. Power Enabled...........................................................................................................37
6.2. Power Up ...................................................................................................................37
6.3. Invalid ........................................................................................................................37
6.4. Standby......................................................................................................................37
6.5. Electric Cooldown ......................................................................................................37
6.6. Prepare to Start..........................................................................................................38
6.7. Lift Off ........................................................................................................................38
6.8. Light ...........................................................................................................................38
6.9. Acceleration ...............................................................................................................38
6.10. Run ............................................................................................................................39
6.11. Load...........................................................................................................................39
6.12. Recharge/Hot Standby ...............................................................................................39
6.13. Cooldown ...................................................................................................................40
6.14. Restart .......................................................................................................................40
6.15. Shutdown ...................................................................................................................40
6.16. Warmdown .................................................................................................................41
6.17. Fault...........................................................................................................................41
6.18. Disable .......................................................................................................................41
6.19. Software Download ....................................................................................................41
6.20. E-Stop Shutdown .......................................................................................................42
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List of Figures
Figure 1. C30 Battery Isolation Switch Access ..........................................................................27
Figure 2. C65 Battery Isolation Switch Access ..........................................................................28
Figure 3. Model C65 UCB Battery (+12 VDC) ...........................................................................30
Figure 4. Model C30 UCB Battery (+3 VDC) .............................................................................30
Figure 5. C30 Battery Wakeup (Internal 3 V supply – non-isolated) ..........................................32
Figure 6. C30 Battery Wake Up (External 4-15V Supply – Isolated) ..........................................32
Figure 7. C65 Battery Wake-up (Internal 12V Supply – Isolated) ..............................................33
Figure 8. C65 Battery Wake Up (External 4-15V Supply – Isolated) ..........................................33
Figure 9. System State Flow Diagram .......................................................................................36
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 5 of 42

1. Introduction
This document presents information on operating the Capstone MicroTurbine® in Stand Alone
mode. Stand Alone mode allows power generation at locations where there is either no electric
utility service or where backup power is desired when the electric utility is unavailable. For
Stand Alone operation, the voltage and frequency of the microturbine are set to meet load
requirements.
1.1. Stand Alone Mode

The microturbine in Stand Alone mode utilizes a large on-board battery pack to power
connected loads when no electric grid utility is available. The battery provides energy for starting
the microturbine, and once idle conditions are reached, it provides an electrical buffer for
sudden increases or decreases in load. During operation, the battery also provides energy for
supporting power draw while the microturbine increases speed to provide the necessary power.
In addition, it serves as a buffer to absorb energy during a loss of load while the microturbine
decelerates to produce less power. During microturbine shutdown, the battery may be placed in
sleep mode to minimize drain and preserve battery charge. Battery power usage management
and state of charge is automatically controlled by software during microturbine operation.
NOTE: Microturbine configuration can be performed through front panel display or

Capstone Remote Monitoring Software (CRMS). Not all parameters can be accessed
through the display; therefore it is advised to use CRMS for microturbine configuration.
CRMS also has different levels of access depending on your Capstone training
qualification. Please contact Capstone or local service provider for further details.
1.2. Other Modes

1.2.1. Grid Connect Mode
In Grid Connect Mode the microturbine synchronizes to the electric utility voltage and frequency
reference and acts as a current source. Grid Connect mode allows the microturbine to be
connected in parallel with the electric utility grid and reduces the facility power demand by base
loading thus allowing peak demand to be supplied by the Utility or additional microturbine
capacity. Refer to the Grid Connect Technical Reference (410027).
1.2.2. Dual Mode

Dual mode combines Grid Connect and Stand Alone modes, so that the microturbine is able to
maximize power from the grid when available and operate in Stand Alone during a utility outage.
The capability to switch automatically between Grid Connect and Stand Alone modes is
provided by the Dual Mode System Controller (DMSC). Refer to the Dual Mode System
Controller Technical Reference (410071) for details.
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2. Reference Documents
Table 1 provides a list of Capstone documents referenced in this Technical Reference.
Table 1. Referenced Documents

Document Part
Description
No
400017 C65 Microturbine User’s Manual
400031 C30 Microturbine User’s Manual
410009 Electrical Installation Technical Reference
410013 CRMS User Edition Technical Reference (End Users)
410014 CRMS Maintenance Edition Technical Reference (Authorized Service Providers)
410015 CRMS Depot Edition Technical Reference (Advanced ASPs)
410027 Grid Connect Operation Technical Reference
410071 Dual Mode System Controller Technical Reference
410078 Modbus Translator (MOXA) Technical Reference
410079 APS-145 Technical Reference
3. Stand Alone Operating Modes

NOTE: Changing most default Stand Alone operating modes requires a password. The
user password for the display is 87712370. Viewing existing settings does not require
password entry.
The following paragraphs describe the required settings for Stand Alone operating modes.
Stand Alone operating mode settings involve the use of Capstone Remote Monitoring Software
(CRMS) and the microturbine display panel. Refer to the applicable CRMS Technical Reference
(Table 1) for details about using CRMS. Refer to the applicable microturbine User’s Manual
(Table 1) for details about using the microturbine display panel.
3.1. Dispatch Modes

Configuring the dispatch mode involves setting the start input for the microturbine. The
microturbine is configured to receive a start command from either User or Remote input as
defined as follows:
• User mode through the use of the local display panel, Capstone Remote Monitoring
Software (CRMS) or a third party building management system (BMS).
• Remote mode allows the microturbine to be dispatched via potential free digital inputs
from the User Connection Bay (UCB).
• CRMS – From the microturbine control panel menu, select Settings > User Connection
Bay Settings, and set the Start Input slider to Mode 0, 1, 2 or 3.
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CRMS UCB Settings

Parameter Description Parameter Value Default
Menu
Mode 0
Start Input Allows user the option to select Mode 1
Mode 0
<option> user/remote mode of control. Mode 2
Mode 3
• C30 Display Panel: Enter the user password (default is 87712370) and navigate to
System Data > System Configuration > Start Input, and select the Start Input options.
• C65 display panel: not available.
C30 Microturbine
Description Value Default
Display Panel
User
Start Input Allows user the option to select Remote
User
<option> user/remote mode of control. GC User/SA Remote
GC Remote/SA User
The Start Input options are described below:

• User (Mode 0) – Allows a start command from local display panel, CRMS or thirty party
control system (third party control system must speak “Capstone Protocol” or use
Capstone supplied Modbus translator).
• Remote (Mode 1) – Allows a start/stop command from digital inputs on UCB (5 Vdc
wetting for all digital inputs is provided by the microturbine UCB board, and is limited to a
distance of 100 feet).
o C30 requires a link between terminals TB1, pin 3 and TB4, pin 4
o C65 requires a link between terminals J12, pin 4 and TJ12, pin 5
• GC User / SA Remote (Mode 2) – Allows start/stop command from User Mode when
GC interlock has been linked (enabled). Allows start/stop command from Remote Mode
when SA interlock has been linked (enabled).
• SA User / GC Remote (Mode 3) – Allows start/stop command from User Mode when
SA interlock has been linked (enabled). Allows start/stop command from Remote Mode
when GC interlock has been linked (enabled).
3.2. Auto Restart

Enabling Auto Restart allows the system to automatically attempt a restart after an incident-
driven shutdown. If Auto Restart is ON, the system will attempt to restart after most system
shutdown modes. This feature may be enabled with any of the listed dispatch modes. Capstone
recommends enabling Auto Restart to increase system availability, deliver faster power output
and reduce wear on the bearings.
NOTE: Auto Restart will provide 5 attempts to start the microturbine. After the 5 attempts
the unit will be locked out and will require a REBOOT command or power to be cycled.
Operator intervention is generally required.
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If the Auto Restart feature is enabled, the system stores the ON command even through a loss
of battery power. Operator intervention may be required to manually restart the system if a fault
condition occurs and the related protective relay interval is exceeded. The microturbine must be
explicitly commanded ON for automatic operation to be enabled. Enter a Restart Delay time to
provide the additional time required between start attempts for any connected external devices.
• CRMS: From the microturbine control panel menu, select Settings > Control Settings,
and set Auto Restart to ENABLE. If a time delay is required before restarting the
microturbine, enter the delay time in the Auto Restart Delay Stand Alone field.
CRMS Control
Settings Menu
Auto Restart Allows the system to restart itself after
Enable/Disable Disable
<Enable/Disable> a severity Level 3 or 4 fault
Auto Restart Delay
Time delay prior to the Microturbine
Stand Alone Value in minutes 0
attempting a restart
<Min>
• C30 and C65 Display Panel: Enter the user password (default is 87712370).
• C30 and C65 Display Panel: Navigate to System Data > System Configuration > Auto
Restart, and then select YES.
C30/C65 Display
Panel
System Data
Allows the system to restart itself after
System Configuration Yes/No No
a severity Level 3 or 4 fault
Auto Restart <Yes/No>
• C30 Display Panel only: Navigate to Stand Alone > Restart Delay and enter the restart
delay time (not available on C65 display panel).
C30 Display Panel Description Value Default

Stand Alone
Time delay prior to the Microturbine
Restart Delay Value in minutes 0
attempting a restart
<Min>
3.3. Auto Load (Auto Enable Power)

The Auto Load option allows the user to enable the microturbine to automatically close the
output contactor once the system has started and is ready to load. Selecting Yes/On
automatically makes power available to match the load demand. No/Off requires the user to
manually press INTERLOCK and ENABLE to allow the microturbine to produce power to meet
the load demand. The Auto Load feature should be enabled to have the contactor automatically
close when Auto Restart is enabled and a restart fault occurs.
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To configure the software for Auto Load:

• CRMS: From the microturbine control panel menu, select Settings > Stand Alone
Voltage and Frequency, and then set the Auto Enable Power toggle to On.
CRMS Stand Alone

Voltage and Parameter Description Parameter Value Default
Frequency Menu
Enables/disables the presence of
Auto Enable Power On
output voltage when the Load state Off
<On/Off> Off
is achieved.
• C30 Display Panel: Navigate to System Data > System Configuration > Auto Load, and
select Yes.
• C65 Display Panel: not available.
C30 Display Panel Parameter Description Parameter Value Default

System Data Enables/disables the presence of
Yes
System Configuration output voltage when the Load state No
No
Auto Load <Yes/No> is achieved.
3.4. Battery Charge Management

After a Start command, the system leaves the Standby state to power up microturbine
components to operational levels before transitioning to the Run state, where battery charging
may again occur. Once started, the microturbine will not advance to the Load state until the
battery state-of-charge is at least 60 percent (only occurs under conditions of poor maintenance,
multiple subsequent fault cycles or end of battery life). After this state is achieved, the output
contactor is closed and the microturbine begins producing power for connected loads.
The microturbine system is designed to keep the battery 80 percent charged during Load state
operation to allow for sourcing and sinking of power transients, and to maintain an operating
state-of-charge. If a user-initiated STOP is performed, the system immediately enters the
recharge state, bringing the battery to over 90 percent state-of-charge before entering the
Cooldown state. Normally, the system will take approximately twenty (20) minutes to recharge
the battery following a STOP command. On transition to Cooldown, fuel is commanded off and
the microturbine spins down, but remains rotating to provide airflow over engine components for
cooling. After Cooldown is complete, the microturbine enters a short Shutdown state before
finally entering the Standby state. No battery charging is performed while in Standby.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 10 of 42

3.4.1. Initialization Settings

CRMS can be used to disable/enable the battery controller and to disable/enable the Stand
Alone Recharge state. Both the battery controller and the Recharge state are enabled by
default.
• CRMS: From the microturbine control panel menu, select Settings > Battery
Management. To disable the battery controller, set the Battery Enable slider to Disable.
To command the microturbine to bypass the Recharge state and go directly to the
Cooldown state, set the Recharge slider to Disable.
CRMS Battery
Management Menu
Battery Enable Enables or disables the battery Enable
Enable
<Enable/Disable> controller Disable
Recharge Enables or disables the Recharge Enable
Enable
<Enable/Disable> state in Stand Alone mode Disable
3.4.2. Sleep State Management

If the system is not commanded ON during a user-selectable time period, the system will
automatically enters a minimum battery drain state called Sleep state. This time period is called
the Auto Sleep Time. Putting the battery in Sleep state can preserve battery charge for up to six
months (life is based on ambient temperatures).
To adjust the Auto Sleep Time period, enter the user password, and navigate to the Battery
Management > Auto Sleep Time submenu. Sleep time is designed so that an inactive
microturbine will remain in the Standby state, before automatically entering the Sleep state, to
sustain minimal power draw and maintain battery life. The timer is adjustable up to 24 hours but
should be set to a minimum level to preserve battery life. In some ambient temperatures, the
battery can drain in much less than 24 hours.
Auto sleep time may be configured using the display panel or CRMS:
Management and enter the sleep time in hours.
CRMS Battery
Management Menu
Configures time that microturbine
Auto Sleep Time
remains in Standby before battery 0.1 – 24.0 hrs 1.0
<Hours>
enters Sleep state
Battery Management > Auto Sleep Time and enter the sleep time in hours.
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Battery Management Configures time that microturbine
Auto Sleep Time remains in Standby before battery 0.1 – 24.0 hrs 1.0
<Hours> enters Sleep state
If the microturbine is in Sleep or Standby state, there is a parasitic load that will greatly reduce
the allowable storage time. In addition, battery packs stored for extended periods will become
discharged and will require periodic charging. However, if this interval is excessive, the battery
pack may have permanently reduced capacity and could require replacement. The microturbine
Standard Maintenance Schedule Work Instruction (440000) provides battery recharge intervals
for Sleep or Standby states, as well as replacement intervals. The Battery Performance
Technical Reference (410044) provides detailed data on life expectancy.
If the microturbine is in operation, the automatic shutdown recharge and equalization charge will
normally be sufficient to sustain the battery pack life. If the microturbine cannot be operated, a
grid connect idle recharge may be used. Alternatively, contact Capstone Technical Support for
details on the optional Capstone External Battery Charger.
3.4.3. Automatic Recharge

The system may be configured to perform a battery recharge AUTOMATICALLY for a 4-hour
period when the microturbine is in Grid Connect Standby state.
Management, and set the Auto-Charge slider to On. Then in the Time Before Next
Charge field, enter the desired interval (in days) before recharge.
CRMS Battery
Management Menu
Controls battery recharge when the
Auto-charge Off
system is in Grid Connect Standby Off
< Off/On> On
(Idle Recharge) state
Number of days before recharge when
Time before next
using Time before next charge (or
charge 7- 30 days 30 days
automatic by default if the system is in
<days>
GC Load state)
Battery Management > Auto Stndby Chg and select Enable. From the Battery
Management submenu navigate to Grid Batt Eq Chg and enter the desired interval
(in days) before recharge.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 12 of 42


Battery Management Controls battery recharge when the
Auto Stndby Chg system is in Grid Connect Standby 0.1 – 24.0 hrs 1.0
<Disable/Enable> (Idle Recharge) state
Number of days before recharge when
Battery Management
using Time before next charge (or
Grid Batt EqChg 7- 30 days 30 days
automatic by default if the system is in
<Days>
GC Load state)
3.4.4. Manual Recharge

Battery charging may also be initiated MANUALLY while in the Grid Connect or Stand Alone
Load state or as Grid Connect Idle Recharge while in the Grid Connect Standby state.
• C30 Display Panel: To control battery recharge on the local microturbine only, enter the
user password (default is 87712370) and navigate as follows – Battery Management >
Local Batt Chg and select Enable.

Controls whether the system begins to
Battery Management recharge the battery when the system
Disable
Local Batt Chg is in Grid Connect mode Standby Disable
Enable
< Disable/Enable> state, or in the Grid Connect or Stand
Alone mode Load State.
• C30 Display Panel: To control battery recharge on all microturbines in a MultiPac, enter
the user password (default is 87712370) and navigate as follows – Battery Management
> Global Batt Chg and select Enable.

Controls battery recharge on all
Battery Management
turbines in a MultiPac system. The Disable
Global Batt Chg Disable
command must be issued on the Enable
< Disable/Enable>
master turbine.
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3.5. Equalization Charge

NOTE: Once an equalization charge has started, it will complete regardless of the day
and hour of the permission set-up.
The microturbine will perform an equalization charge cycle periodically to maintain an equal
charge in all battery cells. This equalization charge may be automated or commanded manually
(charges to 100% state-of-charge) and may take up to five hours. Equalization charging may be
disallowed during certain hours of certain days of the week to prevent interference with dispatch
schedules. See the Model C30 Electrical Technical Reference (410000) and Model C65
Electrical Technical Reference (410001) for step load capability.
The Equalization Charge submenu is configurable for each day of the week. Selecting Disable
disallows the entire day. Default equates to all days active. If a charge is allowed to occur, the
First OK Hour and Last OK Hour are programmed using a 24-hour clock. Once an equalization
charge commences, it will run to completion. Times should be configured with the
understanding that an equalization charge can take up to five hours.
In Stand Alone mode, the software will automatically initiate an equalization charge based on
watt-hours usage of the battery pack. For full time Stand Alone operation, this occurs
approximately once per week. A small amount of power produced by the microturbine is
provided to the battery pack to bring it up to 100 percent state-of-charge. Note that this power is
not available to output loads, and the user may program allowable times for this charge to take
place.
In Dual Mode configuration, the system will automatically initiate the equalization charge during
the Grid Connect Load state every 7-30 days based on the Grid Batt Eq Chg days value. If an
equalization charge is required, the system will initiate a battery wake up, perform the 4-hour
charge, and then put the battery pack back into sleep mode. If a charge is not required, the
system will put the battery into sleep mode after 15 minutes in the Grid Connect Load state. The
default is that charging is allowed any time of the day. Days or times should be reduced to
prevent charging from occurring during peak demand times.
3.5.1. Equalization Charge Settings

Perform the following steps to program the allowable times for equalization charging during
certain times of the week:
Management, and toggle on the allowed days of the week. Then, select the first and last
allowable hours for equalization charge.
CRMS Battery
Management Menu
Allows user to perform a battery
Day
equalization charge at selected Mon – Sun Mon = On
<On/Off>
intervals by day
First Hour OK <Hour> Selects first hour of charge 00 - 23 00
Last Hour OK <Hour> Selects last hour of charge 00 - 23 23 (:59 implied)
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 14 of 42

• C30 Display Panel: Enter the user password (default is 87712370) and navigate as
follows - Battery Management > Equalization Charge. The first screen provides for day
of week choice, the submenu screen decides whether equalization charging is or is not
allowed on that day. The second submenu establishes the beginning hour is allowed for
that day. The third submenu establishes the ending hour that charging is allowed.
C30 Display Panel

Battery Management Parameter Description Parameter Value Default
Menu
Allows user to perform a battery
<Day of Week>
equalization charge at selected Mon – Sun Mon
Eq Charge
intervals
Charge Allowed Disable
Selects equalization charging by day Enable
<Disable/Enable> Enable
First Hour OK <Hour> Selects first hour of charge 00 - 23 00
Last Hour OK <Hour> Selects last hour of charge 00 - 23 23 (:59 implied)
3.5.2. Manual Equalization Charge

An equalization charge can also be manually started using CRMS.
Management and set the Equalization Charge slider to Enable.
CRMS Battery
Management Menu
Equalization Charge Manually starts and stops an Enable
Disable
<Enable/Disable> equalization charge Disable
3.6. Voltage and Frequency Settings

3.6.1. Operating Voltage
The Voltage setting establishes the nominal operating voltage of the microturbine.
NOTE: Below 376 Volts, microturbine power output is limited based on the current limits
of the electronics without any power foldback.
Voltage and Frequency Settings and enter the desired operating voltage in the Voltage
(Vrms) field.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 15 of 42

CRMS Stand Alone

Frequency Menu
Voltage <VRMS> Sets the nominal voltage 150 – 480 VRMS 480
Stand Alone > Voltage and enter the desired operating voltage.

Stand Alone
Voltage Sets the nominal voltage 150 – 480 VRMS 480
<VRMS>
3.6.2. Operating Frequency

The Frequency setting establishes the normal operating frequency of the microturbine.
Voltage and Frequency Settings, and enter the desired operating frequency in the
Frequency (Hz) field.
CRMS Stand Alone

Frequency Menu
Frequency <Hz> Sets the nominal frequency. 10 – 60 Hz 60
Stand Alone > Frequency and enter the desired operating frequency.

Stand Alone
Frequency Sets the nominal frequency. 10 – 60 Hz 60
<Hz>
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 16 of 42

3.6.3. Soft Start

The microturbine may be configured to begin exporting power at less than nominal voltage and
frequency, and then linearly ramp to nominal values over a selected time period using the Soft
Start Voltage and Frequency setting.
3.6.3.1 Soft Start Voltage

The Soft Start Voltage (0 to 480 V) setting is typically used to enable the microturbine to start a
motor (or other loads), which cannot handle full load current immediately. This parameter differs
from the Operating Voltage setting (150 to 480 V), which represents the load voltage at normal
operating conditions. When the output contactor closes, the system will provide demanded
current at this starting voltage and immediately begin increasing the voltage at the configured
rate, up to the nominal voltage.
Ramp Rate Volts per Second establishes the rate of voltage increase. When the output
contactor closes, the system will provide demanded current at the voltage established above
and immediately begin increasing the voltage at this rate.
Voltage and Frequency Settings, and enter the desired Voltage Start and Voltage Ramp
values.
CRMS Stand Alone

Frequency Menu
Voltage Start
Sets soft start voltage 0–480 VRMS 0
<VRMS>
Voltage Ramp
Sets soft start voltage rate of change 3–6000 VRMS/sec 3000
<V/sec>
Stand Alone > Volt Start/Ramp and enter the desired Voltage Start and Voltage Ramp
values.

Stand Alone
Volt Start/Ramp Sets soft start voltage 0–480 VRMS 0
<VRMS>
Stand Alone
Volt Start/Ramp Sets soft start voltage rate of change 3–6000 VRMS/sec 3000
<V/s>
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 17 of 42

3.6.3.2 Soft Start Frequency

Soft Start Frequency establishes the starting frequency. When the output contactor closes, the
system will provide demanded current at this starting frequency and immediately begin
increasing the frequency up to the nominal frequency.
Ramp Rate Hertz per Second establishes the rate of frequency increase. When the output
contactor closes, the system will provide demanded current at the starting frequency and
immediately begin increasing the output frequency at this rate.
Voltage and Frequency Settings and enter the desired Frequency Start and Frequency
Ramp values.
CRMS Stand Alone

Frequency Menu
Frequency Start
Sets soft start frequency 0 – 60 Hz 0
<Hz>
Frequency Ramp Sets soft start frequency rate of
0 – 2000 Hz/sec 2000
<Hz/sec> change
Stand Alone > Freq Start/Ramp and enter the desired Frequency Start and Frequency
Ramp values.

Stand Alone
Freq Start/Ramp Sets soft start frequency 0 – 60 Hz 0
<Hz>
Stand Alone
Sets soft start frequency rate of
Freq Start/Ramp 0 – 2000 Hz/sec 2000
change
<Hz/s>
3.6.4. Protective Relay Settings

Protective Relay settings establish voltage and frequency operating limits and associated fault
protection for the microturbine. Voltage and frequency setpoints may be programmed as well as
associated fault protection limits. These adjustments are provided to protect common loads by
disabling power production during undesired transient conditions. The settings are adjustable to
allow the user to narrow or restrict the operating envelope. Protective relay settings are stored in
EEPROM non-volatile memory and are not subject to power interruptions.
When a protective function initiates a shutdown, the following occurs: 1) Output power flow
ceases within 100 msec. 2) The power output contactor is opened within 100 msec, disabling
the microturbine power output from the local load. 3) Fuel flow to the microturbine stops, and
4) A warm shutdown ensues, during which control power is supplied from the microturbine
generator as it slows down. The warm shutdown lasts 1-2 minutes before the rotor is stopped.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 18 of 42

Protective relay settings can be configured from the display panel or CRMS. In CRMS, from the
menu, select Settings > Stand Alone Voltage and Frequency Settings. In the display panel,
navigate to the Stand Alone menu and select settings (see tables below).
3.6.4.1 Under Voltage

The system will initiate a shut down if the voltage drops below this setting for a user-selected
timer value. The timer value establishes the period for any phase voltage to fall below the Under
Voltage limit set point.
Voltage and Frequency Settings and enter the desired Under Voltage value and Under
Voltage time.
CRMS Stand Alone

Frequency Menu
Sets under voltage limit for shutdown if
Under Voltage
operating voltage drops below this 0 – 480 VRMS 428
<VRMS>
value.
Under Voltage Time Sets time period allowed for voltage to
0.00 – 10.00 sec 1.9
<sec> fall below the under voltage limit
Stand Alone > Under Voltage and enter the desired Under Voltage value and Under
Voltage time.

Stand Alone Sets under voltage limit for shutdown if
Under Voltage operating voltage drops below this 0 – 480 VRMS 428
<VRMS> value
Stand Alone Sets time period allowed for voltage to
Under Voltage fall below the under voltage limit before 0.00 – 10.00 sec 1.9
<Sec> shutdown
3.6.4.2 Over Voltage

The system will initiate a shut down if the voltage rises above this setting for a user-selected
timer value. Over Voltage delay establishes the period for any phase voltage to rise above the
Over Voltage set point limit.
Voltage and Frequency Settings, and enter the desired Over Voltage value and Over
Voltage time.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 19 of 42

CRMS Stand Alone

Frequency Menu
Over Voltage Sets over voltage limit for shutdown if
480 – 528 VRMS 524
<VRMS> operating voltage exceeds this value
Sets time period allowed for voltage to
Over Voltage Time
exceed the over voltage limit before 0.00 – 10.00 sec 1.9
<sec>
shutdown
Stand Alone > Over Voltage and enter the desired Over Voltage value and Over Voltage
time.

Stand Alone
Sets over voltage limit for shutdown if
Over Voltage 480 – 528 VRMS 524
operating voltage exceeds this value
<VRMS>
Stand Alone Sets time period allowed for voltage to
Over Voltage exceed the over voltage limit before 0.00 – 10.00 sec 1.9
<Sec> shutdown
3.6.4.3 Under Frequency

The system will initiate a shut down if the frequency falls below this selected value for a
specified time period. Under Frequency delay is the time period allowed for the Under
Frequency value to remain below the set limit.
Voltage and Frequency Settings, and enter the desired Under Frequency value and
Under Frequency time.
CRMS Stand Alone

Frequency Menu
Sets under frequency limit for
Under Frequency
shutdown if operating frequency drops 45 – 65 Hz 59.3
<Hz>
below this value
Sets time period allowed for frequency
Under Frequency Time
to drop below the under frequency limit 0.00 – 10.00 sec 0.09
<sec>
before shutdown
Stand Alone > Over Voltage and enter the desired Under Frequency value and Under
Frequency time.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 20 of 42


Stand Alone Sets under frequency limit for
Under Frequency shutdown if operating frequency drops 45 – 65 Hz 59.3
<Hz> below this value
Stand Alone Sets time period allowed for frequency
Under Frequency to drop below the under frequency limit 0.00 – 10.00 sec 0.09
<Sec> before shutdown
3.6.4.4 Over Frequency

The system will initiate a shut down if the frequency exceeds this selected value for a specified
time period. Over Frequency delay is the time period allowed for the Over Frequency value to
exceed the set limit.
Voltage and Frequency Settings, and enter the desired Over Frequency value and Over
Frequency time.
CRMS Stand Alone

Frequency Menu
Sets over frequency limit for shutdown
Over Frequency
if operating frequency exceeds this 45 – 65 Hz 60.5
<Hz>
value
Sets time period allowed for frequency
Over Frequency Time
to exceed the over frequency limit 0.00 – 10.00 sec 0.09
<sec>
before shutdown
Stand Alone > Over Voltage and enter the desired Under Frequency value and Under
Frequency time.

Stand Alone Sets over frequency limit for shutdown
Over Frequency if operating frequency exceeds this 45 – 65 Hz 60.5
<Hz> value
Stand Alone Sets time period allowed for frequency
Over Frequency to exceed the over frequency limit 0.00 – 10.00 sec 0.09
<Sec> before shutdown
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 21 of 42

4. MultiPac
Microturbines can be installed in groups of up to 20 units to operate as a single power
generation source. MultiPac capability features a single control point and synchronous voltage
and frequency output for all units. Individual microturbines share power and load on both a
dynamic and steady state basis. C65 microturbines can be combined in a MultiPac with greater
capacity using an Advanced Power Server. Refer to the APS Technical Reference (410079) for
details.
A MultiPac can be operated in any of three available modes: Stand Alone, Grid Connect or Dual
Mode. In each mode, individual microturbines share power, current and load on both a dynamic
and steady state basis, and generate current to meet the required load demand. Dual Mode
operation requires purchase of an optional Capstone Dual Mode System Controller.
In Stand Alone mode, systems will remain in the Run state with their contactors open until
enough units are available to meet minimum power capabilities, at which time all output
contactors close. If minimum power is not met within MultiPac power time, the units will fault and
shut down, preventing prolonged operation with fuel and no power output.
4.1. MultiPac Operation

A MultiPac is designed to maximize the combined output power of multiple microturbines.
A single physical and logical control point, designated as the master–which can be any turbine
in the MultiPac–directs signal and command information to all other turbines in the MultiPac.
Synchronous operation of multiple turbines controlled by a central command provides for a
continuous power source and redundancy. If an individual turbine shuts down, the remaining
units will still continue to function.
Microturbines in a MultiPac operate in Load Balancing mode. A start command to the master is
propagated to all systems in the MultiPac. All units start and stop as a unit, and the power
demand is shared evenly among all units in the MultiPac. For example: For three Model C65
microturbines with a combined power demand of 150 kW, all three start and supply 50 kW.
If any turbine, including the master, experiences an operational fault such as a 6012 Fuel Fault,
the remaining turbines continue operating, and the inverter master increases the power demand
to each of those systems to redistribute the load that the inoperative turbine no longer provides.
If the master turbine experiences an electronic failure in which no power exists to the electronics
boards, command and control to the remaining turbines in the system will be made unavailable,
and all operating turbines will be forced to generate power and retain functional settings at the
last commanded values. In this case, each subordinate turbine will still be able to detect, report,
and act upon grid protective relay faults such as under/over voltage, anti-islanding and reverse
power flow. In other words, microturbine protective relay functionality is non-volatile, fully
independent of MultiPac operation and remains operational on each microturbine at all times
regardless of the microturbine’s state or condition.
Any turbine can be MultiPac disabled to shut it down for repair or standard maintenance and
keep the rest of the MultiPac operational. However, if the master needs to be shut down, the
entire MultiPac must be shut down, and a new master must be designated to continue MultiPac
operation with the remaining turbines. If a Dual Mode System Controller is installed, this wiring
will also require relocation to the new master turbine.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 22 of 42

4.2. MultiPac Configuration

CRMS or the microturbine display panel is used to configure microturbines to operate in a
MultiPac. The following operations are performed for a MultiPac configuration.
• Assign unique identification to each turbine (1 = master , 2-20 = subordinate)
• Enable MultiPac turbines
• Select minimum MultiPac Power (kW) and Time Out (Stand Alone only)
• Add, remove or reconfigure turbines (if needed)
NOTE: The host computer running CRMS must be directly connected to the turbine
whose number needs to be configured. Changes cannot be performed from the master
turbine.
4.2.1. Stand Alone Minimum Power Settings

MultiPac Configuration for Stand Alone operation requires minimum power settings as follows:
• Min Power (W)
This sets the minimum power setpoint required for the MultiPac system to transition to
the Load state. This setpoint ensures the system has enough power-generating
capability before the output contactor is closed, and should be set to the maximum
expected load. When enough turbines have reached the Run state to support the
minimum power output, the master will command all turbines to close output contactors
simultaneously to start supporting the load.
• Min Power Timeout (sec)
This sets the minimum time allowed for the MultiPac to achieve minimum power before
the system shuts down automatically. If the minimum power capability is not reached by
the minimum power timeout, a stop command is issued to the master and all grouped
turbines.
Example: Four C30 microturbines support a maximum load of 80kW. If three of the
turbines do not reach the Run state within the minimum power timeout, a stop command
will be issued to prevent the ready turbines from continuing to operate with fuel while not
supporting the load.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 23 of 42

4.2.2. CRMS
The CRMS MultiPac settings shown below are described in the following paragraphs.
CRMS MultiPac Settings

Menu
MultiPac Enable Enables or disables MultiPac
Disable/Enable Disable
<Enable/Disable> configuration
Set Turbine Number Select a unique numerical identifier for
1 – 20 0
<Number> MultiPac configuration
Set minimum power that must be
Min Power satisfied before MultiPac Load
0 – 2,000,000,000 W 0
<W> operation will commence in Stand
Alone mode.
Set maximum amount of time to wait
until minimum power is established.
Min Power Timeout
Master turbine declares a fault if the 0 – 3600 sec 0
<Sec>
minimum time setting has been
exceeded.
4.2.2.1 Assign MultiPac Turbine Numbers (Turbine = 2-20)

Assign a MultiPac turbine number for each subordinate microturbine (other than the master) as
follows:
• From the CRMS main menu, select Window > Microturbine Display. From the
microturbine control panel menu, select Settings > MultiPac Settings, and set the
<Enable/Disable> slider to Disable. Assign a unique turbine number (2-20) in the Set
Turbine Number field, and then set the <Enable/Disable> slider to Enable.
• From the microturbine control panel menu, select Settings > Control Settings, and click
the Reboot button to reboot the microturbine. The microturbine is now enabled as part of
a MultiPac, and will wait in the Standby state until issued commands by the master
turbine.
4.2.2.2 Assign MultiPac Master Turbine Number (Master =1)

Assign the MultiPac master turbine as follows:
• From the CRMS main menu, select Window > MultiPac Display. From the microturbine
control panel menu, select Settings > MultiPac Settings, and set the <Enable/Disable>
slider to Disable. In the Set Turbine Number field, select 1 for the master turbine
number. Refer to paragraph 0 and enter values for the minimum MultiPac Power (kW)
and Power Timeout (sec).
• After making all master microturbine settings, set the <Enable/Disable> slider to Enable.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 24 of 42

4.2.3. Microturbine Display Panel

The MultiPac settings at the microturbine display panel shown below are described in the
following paragraphs.
Microturbine Display
Panel
System Data
System Configuration Enables or disables MultiPac
Disable/Enable Disable
MultiPac configuration
<Enable/Disable>
System Data
Select a unique numerical identifier for
System Configuration 1 – 20 0
MultiPac configuration
Turbine No. <Number>
Set minimum power that must be
satisfied before MultiPac Load
operation will commence in Stand
Stand Alone Alone mode.
MP Min Power 0 – 2,000,000,000 W 0
<kW> Set maximum amount of time to wait 0 – 3600 sec 0
<Sec> until minimum power is established.
Master turbine declares a fault if the
minimum time setting has been
exceeded.
4.2.3.1 Assign MultiPac Turbine Numbers (Turbine = 2-20)

• Display Panel: Enter the user password (default is 87712370) and navigate to System
Data > System Configuration > MultiPac, and select ENABLE. From the System
Configuration submenu navigate to Turbine No. and enter a unique turbine identifier.
Navigate to Stand Alone > MP Min Power and enter minimum power and minimum
power timeout values.
Assign a MultiPac turbine number for each subordinate microturbine (other than the master) as
follows:
• Enter the user password (default is 87712370).
• Navigate to System Data > System Configuration > MultiPac, and select DISABLE. From
the System Configuration submenu navigate to Turbine No. and enter a unique turbine
identifier (2-20). Then navigate to MultiPac again and select ENABLE.
• C65 Microturbine: Navigate to System Data > Reboot and select YES to reboot the
microturbine.
• C20 Microturbine: Navigate to System Settings > Reboot and select YES to reboot the
microturbine.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 25 of 42

4.2.3.2 Assign MultiPac Master Turbine Number (Master =1)

Use the display panel on the microturbine designated as the MultiPac master to make the
following settings.
• Enter the user password (default is 87712370).
• Navigate to System Data > System Configuration > MultiPac, and select DISABLE. From
the System Configuration submenu navigate to Turbine No. and enter “1” as the turbine
identifier. Then navigate to MultiPac again and select ENABLE.
• C65 Microturbine: Navigate to System Data > Reboot and select YES to reboot the
microturbine.
• C20 Microturbine: Navigate to System Settings > Reboot and select YES to reboot the
microturbine.
4.2.4. Assigning a New Master

If the master turbine is shut down for any reason, the entire MultiPac will be unavailable, making
it necessary in some cases to assign a new master. Use CRMS (paragraph 4.2.2.2) or the
microturbine display panel (4.2.3.2) and assign a new master as follows:
• Remove power from the current master microturbine, as well as from the microturbine to
be assigned as the new master, and then reconfigure the applicable UCB wiring to the
new master turbine.
• Disable both the new and existing master turbines, then remove the signal harness
terminators from the existing master and move them to the new master. Apply power to
the new master turbine.
• Set the turbine number to 1 for the new master turbine. MultiPac Enable and reboot the
new master turbine.
4.2.5. Shutdown for Scheduled Maintenance

Shutting down a subordinate microturbine for scheduled maintenance (or establishing manual
control for troubleshooting) can be accomplished while the MultiPac is running, as long as the
connected load is lower than the combined output power of the reduced MultiPac. Use CRMS
(paragraph 4.2.2.2) or the microturbine display panel (4.2.3.2) and perform the following steps:
• Disable the microturbine from the MultiPac system. The turbine will stop generating
power.
• After maintenance is complete, reconfigure the microturbine to join the MultiPac, then
MultiPac Enable the microturbine and reboot.
• When the microturbine reaches the Load state, the power output of all MultiPac units will
adjust to distribute the load.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 26 of 42

5. Configuring Stand Alone Operating Mode

Stand Alone mode utilizes an on-board battery to supply external loads with power that are
independent of the grid.
Refer to the Electrical Installation Technical Reference (410009), the C30 Electrical Technical
Reference (410000) and C65 Electrical Technical Reference (410001) for detailed information
on interconnection and phase sequence requirements.
NOTE: The microturbine will not operate in Stand Alone mode if grid power or other
voltage source is present on any phase of the output terminals.
The following paragraphs describe the actions to be performed to operate the microturbine in
Stand Alone mode once the required customer loads have be connected in the correct phase
sequence.
5.1. Battery Isolation Switch

A battery isolation switch is used to disable the microturbine for service, transport or
non-operation. Set the switch to ON for system operation. See Figure 1 for switch location on
the C30 microturbine and Figure 2 for switch location on the C65 microturbine.
Figure 1. C30 Battery Isolation Switch Access
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 27 of 42

Figure 2. C65 Battery Isolation Switch Access
5.2. Software Settings

5.2.1. Stand Alone Configuration
Configure the microturbine system to recognize Stand Alone mode using Capstone Remote
Monitoring Software (CRMS) or the local display panel.
CRMS: From the microturbine control panel menu, select Settings > Control Settings, and set
the Power Connect slider to Standalone.
Display Panel: Enter the user password (default is 87712370), and navigate to System Data >
System Configuration > Power Connect, and select Stand Alone option.
5.2.2. Voltage and Frequency Configuration

Set the output voltage, output frequency and operating limits. Refer to Voltage and Frequency
Settings (paragraph 3.6) for details.
5.2.3. Auto Restart Configuration

(Optional) Select Auto Restart mode to automatically attempt a restart after an incident-driven
fault. Refer to Auto Restart Configuration (paragraph 5.2.3) for details.
5.2.4. Auto Load Configuration

(Optional) Select Auto Load mode to automatically close the output contactor once the system
has started and is ready to load. Refer to Auto Load Configuration (paragraph 5.2.4) for details.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 28 of 42

5.2.5. MultiPac Configuration

(Optional) Configure the microturbine for MultiPac operation. Refer to MultiPac Configuration
(paragraph 5.2.5) for details.
5.3. Hardware Configuration

The User Connection Board (UCB) located in the communications bay allows for low-resistance
closed-loop circuit connections on 5-volt dry circuit contact terminals. Contact terminal
connections are internal to the microturbine, with the exception of external potential free contact
(digital input), which may be remotely connected an external device (e.g., PLC).
5.3.1. Stand Alone Interlock

In order to enable Stand Alone mode, set the Stand Alone Interlock on the UCB as follows:
• For C30 connect jumper between terminals TB4 pin 1 and TB4 pin 3.
• For C65 connect jumper between terminals J12 pin 2 and J12 pin 5.
5.3.2. Stand Alone Remote Start/Stop

The SA remote start/stop requires a potential free digital input in the User Connection Bay
(UCB) in order for the microturbine to be started and stopped in SA Mode. Enabling (closed
contact) the digital input will provide the start command and disabling (open contact) will provide
a stop command.
• C30 requires a potential free digital input to terminals TB1, pin 3 and TB1, pin 4
• C65 requires a potential free digital input to terminals J12, pin 4 and J12, pin 5
5.3.3. UCB Battery (Wake Up)

Both C30 and C65 systems utilize a separate battery located in the UCB connection bay for
remote system battery wake-up functionality.
The Model C65 contains a +12 VDC battery (see Figure 3), which is recharged automatically
when the microturbine senses a low state-of-charge.
NOTE: When a modem or serial to Ethernet converter is connected and the C65
microturbine in Standby mode, the UCB battery will drain in five to seven days.
Disconnect the modem or turn power OFF from the modem to extend the battery life.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 29 of 42

+12 VDC
C65 Battery
Figure 3. Model C65 UCB Battery (+12 VDC)

The Model C30 contains a +3 VDC lithium battery located on the UCB PCB that cannot be
recharged and must be replaced. Refer to the Scheduled Maintenance Work Instructions
(440000) for details.
+3 VDC
C30 Battery
Figure 4. Model C30 UCB Battery (+3 VDC)
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 30 of 42

5.3.4. Battery Wakeup

The Battery Wakeup requires a momentary (0.1 to 2 sec) contact closure to wake up the
microturbine’s internal battery pack.
CAUTION: Permanent contact closure (>2 sec) WILL COMPLETELY discharge the
battery!
The Battery Wake-up can be performed by either local or remote access:

• Local: Battery Wake-up button (BATT START) on the far left of the Display Panel needs
to be pushed (for less than or equal to 2 seconds).
• Remote: Requires a digital input (from BMS or PLC). Cable length is limited to 100 feet.
5.3.4.1 Battery Wakeup C30

Internal Voltage Supply: requires a potential free digital input momentary pulse (0.1 to 2 sec)
between terminals TB2, pin 7 and TB2, pin 8. This input uses 3 Vdc from and internal battery on
the UCB. See Figure 5 for wiring details.
External Voltage Supply: requires a potential free digital input momentary pulse (0.1 to 2 sec)
between terminals TB1, pin 1 (+V) and TB1, pin 2 (-V return). This input uses third party
supplied voltage (+4 to +15 Vdc). See Figure 6 for wiring details.
5.3.4.2 Battery Wakeup C65

Internal Voltage Supply: requires a potential free digital input momentary pulse (0.1 to 2 sec)
between terminals J10, pin 7 (BAT PWR) and J10, pin 3 (+ISO BSTART). J10, pin 4 (–ISO
BSTART) needs to be wired to J16, pin 2 (GND) to supply the return voltage. This input uses
12Vdc from and internal battery in the UCB. See Figure 7 for wiring details.
External Voltage Supply: requires a potential free digital input momentary pulse (0.1 to 2 sec)
between terminals J10, pin 3 (+V) and J10, pin 4 (-V return). This input uses third party supplied
voltage (+4 to +15Vdc). See Figure 8 for wiring details.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 31 of 42

UCB
TB1 TB2
B-START OPIO+ L ESTOP RTN
B-START OPTO- L ESTOP
AI-1 G ESTOP RTN
AGND G ESTOP
AI-2 BAT START
AGND BAT START RTN MOMENTARY PULSE

AI-3 RESERVED [0.1S - 2S ]
AGND RESERVED
A 12V POS MODEM 12V+
A 12V NEG MODEM 12V-
CHASSIS OPTO+
CHASSIS OPTO-
Figure 5. C30 Battery Wakeup (Internal 3 V supply – non-isolated)
UCB
TB1
B-START OPIO+
B-START OPTO-
AI-1
AGND MOMENTARY PULSE

AI-2
[0.1S - 2S ]
AGND
- +
AI-3
AGND
+4 TO +15VDC
A 12V POS
A 12V NEG
CHASSIS
CHASSIS
Figure 6. C30 Battery Wake Up (External 4-15V Supply – Isolated)
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 32 of 42

J10
LCL ESTOP
LCL ESTOP
GLBL ESTOP
GLBL ESTOP
JUCB BAT PWR

BAT START MOMENTARY
INTER-STRT PUSH BUTTON
INTER-RTN [0.1S - 2S]
ISO BSTART+
ISO BSTART-
CHASSIS 1
GROUND
+24VDC
1A
GROUND
+12VDC
0.5 A 1
J16
Figure 7. C65 Battery Wake-up (Internal 12V Supply – Isolated)
UCB
J10
LCL ESTOP
LCL ESTOP
GLBL ESTOP
GLBL ESTOP
JUCB BAT PWR

BAT START
INTER-STRT
INTER-RTN
ISO BSTART+
ISO BSTART-
CHASSIS 1
MOMENTARY
PULSE
[0.1S - 2S]
- +
4 TO 15 VDC
Figure 8. C65 Battery Wake Up (External 4-15V Supply – Isolated)
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 33 of 42

5.4. Sleep Mode

The microturbine enters Sleep Mode to conserve battery power during prolonged periods of
inactivity. This reduction in battery draw can significantly extend the microturbine battery charge.
Sleep Mode inactivity time can be adjusted, and this feature may be configured to activate
automatically.
NOTE: If the battery isolation switch is set to ON, and the display panel is dark, the
system is most likely in Sleep Mode.
To manually place the microturbine in sleep mode perform the following:

• CRMS: Not Applicable.
• Display Panel: Pressing the INTERLOCK and DISABLE buttons simultaneously after the
microturbine has transitioned to Standby mode also results in system sleep.
5.5. Starting a Stand Alone System

After the BATT START wakes the microturbine, the Stand Alone system may be started. An
initial Start command must be received by the microturbine to initiate operation. Ensure that the
Stand Alone Interlock has been linked (enabled).
• CRMS: From the microturbine control panel, click on the Start button.
• Display Panel: Press and hold the INTERLOCK and START buttons simultaneously.
The above start command is for a microturbine configured for User dispatch. If the microturbine
is configured for Remote dispatch then the Start command must be issued through a contact
closure on the Start/Stop digital input.
5.6. Activating Stand Alone Power Output

The system transitions to the Load state (output contactor closed) when battery voltage and
base battery state-of-charge reaches at least 60 percent. To enable Stand Alone power output,
perform the following:
• CRMS: From the microturbine control panel, click on the Power ENABLE button.
• Display Panel: Press and hold the INTERLOCK and ENABLE buttons simultaneously.
This signal can be automated using the Auto Load feature. When Auto Load is enabled, the
microturbine automatically issues an Enable command when the system is ready to support the
connected loads.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 34 of 42

5.7. Deactivating Stand Alone Power Output

The system can be commanded to manually deactivate output power (output contactor open)
and return to the Run state where it will remain operating with fuel. To deactivate Stand Alone
power output, perform the following:
• CRMS: From the microturbine control panel, click on the red DISABLE button.
• Display Panel: Press and hold the INTERLOCK and DISABLE buttons simultaneously.
Once an output power disable command has been given, the system must be manually
commanded to again deliver output power, even if Auto Load had been previously enabled.
5.8. Stopping Stand Alone Operation

A Stop command can be performed at any time during the microturbine operation. If the
dispatch mode is set to User then the Stop command can be given through the microturbine
display panel, CRMS, or Building Management System (BMS). If the dispatch mode is set to
Remote then the stop command can only be given by removing the start command digital input.
Once the stop command is given the microturbine immediately ceases supplying output power
(output contactor opens) and transitions to the Recharge state. Then, the system continues
operating with fuel to charge the battery to 90-95 percent state-of-charge, which can take up to
20 minutes. Finally, the microturbine shutdown process initiates a cooldown period, which can
last up to 10 minutes.
• CRMS: From the microturbine control panel, click on the red STOP button.
• Display Panel: Press and hold the INTERLOCK and STOP buttons simultaneously.
• Remote: Stop command on the digital input through contact opening.
5.9. Initiating an Emergency Stop

CAUTION: Repeated use of the optional Emergency Stop switch will result in damage to
the microturbine. Use only in emergency situations.
If an optional emergency stop (E-stop) has been installed, the E-stop switch may be activated.
Activating E-stop immediately shuts off the fuel and electrical output. This causes the
compressor bypass valve to open, venting the compressed air out of the microturbine and
causing it to coast to a stop. After an emergency stop, power to the microturbine must be turned
off for 30 seconds before a restart can be attempted. Emergency stops should NEVER be used
for routine shutdowns. Emergency stops increase stress on the system components and will
result in reduced service life of the microturbine.
6. System States
Stand Alone mode passes through a set of system states during a normal cycle. These states
are described in the section below. A simple block diagram illustrating Stand Alone system
states is shown in Figure 9.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 35 of 42

Figure 9. System State Flow Diagram
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 36 of 42

6.1. Power Enabled

The microturbine is powered on through a battery wake up signal.
6.2. Power Up
At power up, the following events occur:
• The battery breaker is closed.
• Battery wake-up signal is provided.
• UCB battery provides voltage through Intra harness to battery controller control board.
• Battery controller precharge signal provides battery voltage to BCT (C30)/BCM (C65).
o C30: Precharge supply voltage provides 13.8 VDC to the BCT control board. Supply
voltage is back fed through the Intra harness to the DPC control board. DC bus
voltage remains at 0 VDC.
o C65: Provides battery voltage to the BCM power board. DC bus voltage is
pre-charged to battery voltage bringing Power Distribution Module 25.4 VDC supply
to the ECM control board.
• Personality module (PM) data is read and verified.
• Software compatibility is verified to ensure the correct software is installed for
components.
• Communication with the display panel and fuel devices is locked.
• Intra harness power (Intra-C) is turned on to supply power for UCB auxiliary
components.
6.3. Invalid
The system transitions to this state when the software or hardware does not match, or if there
have not been any jumpers installed to identify the operating mode.
6.4. Standby
This is the primary state for the microturbine after power up or anytime the unit is on but not
issued a Start command. In Standby State the battery pack provides power to the microturbine
controller internal power supply.
6.5. Electric Cooldown

The system transitions to this state if the power electronics are too hot and need to be cooled
down prior to starting the microturbine.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 37 of 42

6.6. Prepare to Start

When a Start command is issued, the software transitions to the “Prepare to Start” state. This
state is characterized by the following events:
• Battery voltage must be greater than 200 VDC to support Start.
• Cooling fans are turned on.
• C30: Battery controller pre-charges DC bus to battery voltage.
• BCM/BCT is enabled, bringing DC bus voltage to 760 V.
• System verifies that communication with the fuel device has been established.
• (Liquid fuel only) Liquid fuel drain opens to remove any fuel remaining in the recuperator
from prior start attempts.
6.7. Lift Off

Voltage and current are applied from the battery pack to the permanent magnet generator to
provide torque for rotating the engine components as follows:
• C30: Generator speeds up to 25,000 rpm.
• C65: Generator speeds up to 20,000 rpm.
6.8. Light
This state is characterized by air-fuel mixture combustion. The following events occur:
• (Liquid fuel only) Liquid fuel drain closes for operation.
• Intra A power is turned on to control fuel shut off device and solenoids which allow fuel
flow into the system.
• Fuel devices are turned on, including air-assist device for liquid fuel systems.
• Power is applied to the igniter through the spark exciter solenoid
• Fuel shutoff and injector solenoids are enabled.
• Fuel flow is increased with the igniter on until an increase in TET is detected. If this
increase is not detected within 30 seconds for C30 or 15 seconds for C65, a FAIL TO
LIGHT fault (6006) is declared.
6.9. Acceleration
In this state the engine accelerates to the minimum idle speed before entering the Run state.
The following events occur:
• The spark exciter solenoid/igniter is turned off.
• Fuel flow increases to maintain combustion while raising generator speed to 45,000 rpm.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 38 of 42

6.10. Run
The system stays in this the state until the engine is fully warmed up and the load command is
set by the user. The following events occur:
• The microturbine operates with fuel at 45,000 rpm for up to one minute for C30 or two
minutes for C65 to warm up engine components.
After a load command, the system may remain in the Run state operating at higher speeds and
supplying power to the battery pack until the state-of-charge (SOC) of the battery is greater than
60%. This additional time ensures that the battery pack will be able to support any transients
when the output contactor is closed.
6.11. Load
In this state the engine accelerates to meet the user power demand. Control remains in the
Load state until a fault occurs or a stop command is given. The following events occur:
• Output contactor is closed.
• Speed varies from 45,000 to 96,000 rpm to meet power demand.
o TET nominally 671 °C (1240 °F) at 45,000 rpm to 593 °C (1100 °F) at 85,000 rpm
and above for the Model C30.
o TET nominally 635 °C (1175 °F) for full speed range for the Model C65.
o Temperatures may be reduced with decreasing ambient temperature.
• Number of injectors used increases with power output
• System performs battery equalization charge every 7-30 days.
o Initiated only in allowed times programmed by user. Once charging starts, it cannot
be stopped - this process is invisible to the user.
6.12. Recharge/Hot Standby

The output contactor is opened disengaging loads while the engine remains operating with fuel.
Speed is reduced to supply only power necessary to recharge battery pack to 90–95 percent.
This process may take up to 20 minutes. The Recharge state provides the necessary charge
required for Cooldown and subsequent Start. The state may be aborted by issuing a Recharge
Disable command (system tracks the number of aborted recharges) since normal battery
maintenance is not yet completed.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 39 of 42

6.13. Cooldown
As the microturbine shuts down, the system enters a cooldown period. A Start command can be
provided during this period either manually or via the auto restart feature. Cooldown allows
return to the Load state without a complete shutdown of the engine rotating components upon
restart. The following events occur:
• Output contactor is open.
• The fuel shutoff closes to stop fuel injection.
• In a liquid fuel system, fuel lines and injectors are purged.
• The fuel solenoids are closed.
• Speed is reduced to cooldown speed:
o Cooldown at 45,000 rpm for Model C30.
o Cooldown at 50,000 rpm for Model C65.
• Cooldown speed provides airflow over engine components until TET reaches:
o 193 °C (380 °F) for Model C30.
o 399 °C (750 °F) for Model C65.
• A timed shutdown occurs if a BOTH TET fault (3004) occurs:
o 10 minutes for the C30.
o 5 minutes for the C65.
6.14. Restart
This state exists to allow the user to restart the microturbine without completely shutting down
first. The system controller commands the system back to the light-off speed and then
transitions back to the Light state.
6.15. Shutdown
Upon completion of Cooldown, the software transitions to the Shutdown state. The following
events occur:
• Engine speed is reduced to zero and power generation is disabled.
• Cooling fans are turned off.
• The output contactor opens.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 40 of 42

6.16. Warmdown
The system enters the Warmdown state when there is a system fault or abnormal user
shutdown. The output and battery contactors are opened immediately and therefore battery
power is not available to support Cooldown. The dump valve is pulsed to control speed, allowing
airflow for cooling while preventing engine over speed conditions. As heat is removed from the
recuperator, the engine will coast to a stop. The following events occur:
• Voltage Transient is sensed.
• Power production is ceased.
o Output and battery contactor are opened.
o Intra A power is off.
• Energy produced while the engine decelerates is dissipated to the brake resistor.
• System enters fault state as follows:
o C30: At Warmdown state for two minutes or engine speed < 25,000 rpm.
o C65: At Warmdown state for two minutes or engine speed < 20,000 rpm.
6.17. Fault
All active operating states (except the Standby state) with transition to the Fault state if a
shutdown level fault is detected. Once everything is turned off, the system will clear the fault and
transition back to Standby if the fault can be reset.
6.18. Disable
This is the final state for all severe faults and can be transitioned to from any state. Once the
software enters this state, power in the entire system is shut down. If the precharge circuitry is
still working, the system controller and display could possibly stay on depending on the severity
level and type of fault.
6.19. Software Download

This state ensures that the system is put in the proper configuration to load new software. The
system automatically enters into this state upon starting a software upload through the CRMS
Software. Once the software load is complete, the user must cycle power in order to exit this
state.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 41 of 42

6.20. E-Stop Shutdown

This state is characterized by a user-initiated effort to halt microturbine operation immediately
and IS NOT RECOMMENDED. E-Stop shutdowns provide no cooling to the engine components
and the engine coasts to a stop, causing wear to the bearings. The number of emergency stops
is tracked by the software and may void the warranty should engine failure occur. The following
events occur:
• Power export ceases immediately.
o Output contactor opens.
o Intra A power is Off.
• The dump valve opens to remove air flow from the engine, which prevents an engine
over-speed condition.
• Rotor coasts to a stop.
410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 42 of 42


410028e TR c30-c65 Stand Alone

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Capstone Turbine Corporation • 21211 Nordhoff Street • Chatsworth • CA 91311 • USA

Phone: (818) 734-5300 • Fax: (818) 734-5320 • Web: www.capstoneturbine.com

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 1 of 42

Capstone Turbine Corporation

Capstone Technical Support

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 2 of 42

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 3 of 42

5.3. Hardware Configuration .............................................................................................29

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 4 of 42

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 5 of 42

1.1. Stand Alone Mode

NOTE: Microturbine configuration can be performed through front panel display or

1.2. Other Modes

1.2.2. Dual Mode

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 6 of 42

Table 1. Referenced Documents

3. Stand Alone Operating Modes

3.1. Dispatch Modes

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 7 of 42

CRMS UCB Settings

The Start Input options are described below:

3.2. Auto Restart

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 8 of 42

C30 Display Panel Description Value Default

3.3. Auto Load (Auto Enable Power)

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 9 of 42

To configure the software for Auto Load:

CRMS Stand Alone

C30 Display Panel Parameter Description Parameter Value Default

3.4. Battery Charge Management

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 10 of 42

3.4.1. Initialization Settings

3.4.2. Sleep State Management

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 11 of 42

C30 Display Panel Parameter Description Parameter Value Default

3.4.3. Automatic Recharge

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 12 of 42

C30 Display Panel Parameter Description Parameter Value Default

3.4.4. Manual Recharge

C30 Display Panel Parameter Description Parameter Value Default

C30 Display Panel Parameter Description Parameter Value Default

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 13 of 42

3.5. Equalization Charge

3.5.1. Equalization Charge Settings

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 14 of 42

C30 Display Panel

3.5.2. Manual Equalization Charge

3.6. Voltage and Frequency Settings

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 15 of 42

CRMS Stand Alone

C30 Display Panel Parameter Description Parameter Value Default

3.6.2. Operating Frequency

CRMS Stand Alone

C30 Display Panel Parameter Description Parameter Value Default

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 16 of 42

3.6.3. Soft Start

3.6.3.1 Soft Start Voltage

CRMS Stand Alone

C30 Display Panel Parameter Description Parameter Value Default

410028 Rev E (June 2013) Page 17 of 42

3.6.3.2 Soft Start Frequency

CRMS Stand Alone

C30 Display Panel Parameter Description Parameter Value Default