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PRACTICE
WORKBOOK
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Physical Geography
Test-1
st
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 Physical Geography Test-1
Part - 1
1. In the Continental Drift Theory, Wegener
suggested that the movement responsible for
the drifting of the continents was caused by
pole-fleeing force and tidal force. What is
pole-fleeing force?
(a) The force created by centrifugal force
from the Earth's rotation and by the bulge
at the slightly flattened Earth's equator.
(b) The force created by centripetal force
from the Earth's rotation and by the bulge
at the slightly flattened Earth's equator.
(c) The force created by centrifugal force
from the Earth's rotation and attraction
between Sun & Earth.
(d) The force created by centrifugal force
from the Earth's rotation and attraction
between Moon & Earth.
2. Which of the following method is used for
determining the rate of motion of oceanic
plates?
(a) By ocean-floor magnetic strip which
records the flip-flops in the Earth's
magnetic field.
(b) By geologic mapping studies.
(c) By means of ground-based or space-
based geodetic measurements.
(d) All of the above.
3. Which of the following statement regarding
protostar is correct?
(a) These are star which came into being by
breaking of tonnes of matter out of the
sun caused by a passing star.
(b) These are hot and slowly moving
magnetic field which leads to formation
of star.
(c) These are clouds of dust and gas spiralled
together by the force of gravity.
(d) These are star which came into being by
breaking of planets.
4. Which of the following statements associated
with chemical weathering process is/are
correctly matched?
1. Oxidation: It is the reaction of carbonate
and bicarbonate with minerals.
2. Hydration: It is the repeated cycles of
freezing and melting through physical
addition of water leading into fatigue &
disintegration.
3. Reduction: It is the placement of mineral
in absence of oxygen mainly below the
water table.
Codes:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) Only 3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) All
5. Mizoram is known as "Molasses basin". What
is it made up of?
(a) Soft Consolidated sediments that are
cemented together.
(b) Soft Unconsolidated deposits of
terrestrial or marine origin.
(c) Soft Consolidated sediments of terrestrial
or marine origin.
(d) Soft Unconsolidated deposits that are
cemented together.
6. Which of the following statement is/are true?
1. Rotation of earth and its tilted axis is
responsible for changes in season.
2. Cloudiness means more insolation for
earth.
3. More the green house gases more will be
the insolation.
 Codes:
(a) Only 1
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) None
7. In the context of Himalayas, what do you
mean by "Bugyals"?
(a) Bugyals are the tribes who migrate to
grasslands in winter.
(b) Bugyals are the summer grasslands in the
higher reaches.
(c) Bugyals are the nomadic group that leads
all other groups in the Himachal
Himalayas region.
(d) None of the above.
8. Waterfalls and rapids landforms are formed
in which of the stage?
(a) Forms in mature stage.
(b) Forms in youth stage and disappear in
mature stage.
(c) Forms in mature stage and disappear in
old stage.
(d) None of the above.
9. Which of the following statements related to
the salinity is/are correct?
1. North Sea records higher salinity due to
more saline water brought by the North
Atlantic Drift.
2. Red Sea records lower salinity due to
enormous fresh water influx by rivers.
3. Mediterranean Sea records higher salinity
due to high evaporation.
Codes:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) All
10. Which of the following pair of rocks do not
lead to formation of caves in Karst
Topography?
(a) Shales and limestone
(b) Quartz and dolomites
(c) Shales and Sandstones
(d) Sandstones and limestone
11. The Nilgiris along the west coast are
relatively tectonically stable as compared to
the Himalayas; but, still, debris avalanches
and landslides occur though not as frequently
as in the Himalayas, in these hills. Why?
1. Many slopes are steeper with almost
vertical cliffs and escarpments in the
Western Ghats and Nilgiris.
2. Mechanical weathering due to
temperature changes and ranges is
pronounced in this region.
3. They are mostly made up of sedimentary
rocks and unconsolidated and semi-
consolidated deposits.
4. They receive heavy amounts of rainfall
over short periods.
Codes:
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 1 and 4
12. Which of the following statements correctly
depicts the impact of El-Nino on the Peruvian
coast?
1. Reduction in the amount of planktons.
2. Occurrence of drought.
3. The location of tropical storms shifts
westward from coast.
Codes:
(a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2
(c) 1 and 3 (d) All
13. Which of the following is true regarding
global isotherms?
1. Isotherms of southern hemisphere are
more regular and straight as compared to
that of northern hemisphere.
2. In January the isotherms deviate to the
north over the ocean and to the south
over the continent in the Northern
Hemisphere.
Codes:
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) Both
(d) None
14. Doab is a term used in India and Pakistan for
the "tongue" or "tract" of land lying between
two converging, or confluent, rivers. Which of
the following doabs are correct?
1. Sind Sagar Doab between River Indus
and Satluj.
2. Rechna Doab between River Chenab and
the Ravi.
3. Jech Doab between River Jhelum and the
Beas.
4. Jullundur Doab between River Beas and
the Sutlej.
5. Majha Doab between River Ravi and the
Beas.
Codes:
(a) 1, 3 and 5
(b) 1, 2 and 5
(c) 2, 4 and 5
(d) 1, 4 and 5
15. Which of the following terminologies
associated with Continental Drift Theory
is/are correctly matched?
1. Tillite: Metamorphic Rock that consists of
consolidated masses of unweathered
blocks and glacial till in a rock flour.
2. Placer Deposits: It is an accumulation of
valuable minerals caused by the effect of
gravity on moving particles.
Codes:
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) Both
(d) None
16. Which of the following statements is/are true
about action of running water?
1. Overland flow of water causes sheet
erosion which leads to formation of rills
and gullies, respectively.
2. Sheet erosion leads to formation of
peneplain comprising several monad-
nocks.
3. V-shaped valleys in youthful stage are
formed due to lateral erosion of valley
sides.
Codes:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) Only 1
(c) Only 3
(d) All
17. Which of the following statement related to
Bardoli Chheerha is correct?
(a) It is the local thunderstorm of Assam.
(b) The local thunderstorm causes coffee
flowers blossom.
(c) It is the hot, dry, and oppressing winds
blowing in the plains.
(d) None of the above.
18. Which of the following statements is/are true
regarding Convectional Current Theory?
1. The forces responsible for formation of
continents are generated due to the
radioactive elements causing thermal
differences in the core portion.
2. The convectional currents are present in
the entire mantle and core portion.
Codes:
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) Both
(d) None
19. Which of the following statements defines the
significance of the process of weathering?
1. Weathering provides regolith for the
formation of soil.
2. Weathering produces concentrations of
valuable mineral ores of iron, manganese,
tin, etc.
3. Weathering aids mass wasting and
reduction of relief.
Codes:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) All
20. Which of the following is/are true about the
heating & cooling of atmosphere?
1. Conduction takes place when the air in
contact with the earth rises vertically on
 heating in the form of currents and 1. Continental Margins: Deep oceanic
further transmits the heat. trenches are found here.
2. Convection takes place when the air in 2. Abyssal Plains: It is the zone of intense
contact with the land gets heated slowly volcanic activity.
and the upper layers in contact with the 3. Mid-oceanic ridges: Mountain range
lower layers also get heated. present under the sea where the
3. The transfer of heat through horizontal continental sediments get deposited.
movement of air is called advection.
Codes:
Codes: (a) Only 1
(a) Only 1 (b) 2 and 3
(b) 2 and 3 (c) 1 and 2
(c) Only 3 (d) All
(d) All
24. Which of the following is/are true in the
21. Which of the following are the breeding context of 'rock cycle'?
grounds for temperate cyclone? 1. Metamorphic rocks through continuous
1. South-east Caribbean region denudation changes into Igneous rocks.
2. Mexican Gulf 2. Sedimentary rocks upon melting in the
3. Mediterranean basin extending up to interior changes into metamorphic rocks.
Russia 3. Igneous rocks under high pressure and
4. North-west Australia heat transformed into metamorphic
rocks.
Codes:
Codes:
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(a) Only 1 (b) 2 and 3
(b) 2 and 3
(c) Only 3 (d) None
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1, 3 and 4 25. Which of the following statement is/are true
about the ocean currents?
22. Which of the pair(s) is/are correctly matched?
1. Pressure gradient, temperature and
1. Albedo: the percentage of the reflected salinity differences lead to formation of
amount of solar radiation from earth. Ocean currents.
2. Inversion of Temperature: decrease of 2. Ocean currents help in navigation and
temperature with increase in height. influence the weather of the region.
3. Terrestrial radiation: long wave radiation 3. Unlike winds they are not influenced by
absorbed by the greenhouse gases. coriolis force.
Codes: Codes:
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 3 (a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2
(c) Only 3 (d) All (c) 2 and 3 (d) All
23. Which of the following pair(s) is/are correct?
vvvvvv
 Physical Geography Test-1 Answers
Part - 1
Ans. 1. (a)
Exp: Pole-fleeing force is created by centrifugal
force from the Earth's rotation and by the
bulge at the slightly flattened Earth's equator,
whose increased gravity pulled landmasses
toward it. Alfred Wegener thought that it was
one of the forces that made continents move
horizontally alongwith tidal force.
Ans. 2. (d)
Exp: The methods are: By the ocean-floor magnetic
striping records the flip-flops in the Earth's
magnetic field, scientists, knowing the
approximate duration of the reversal, can
calculate the average rate of plate movement
during a given time span. Evidence of past
rates of plate movement also can be obtained
from geologic mapping studies. If a rock
formation of known age -- with distinctive
composition, structure, or fossils -- mapped
on one side of a plate boundary can be
matched with the same formation on the
other side of the boundary, then measuring
the distance that the formation has been offset
can give an estimate of the average rate of
plate motion. Current plate movement can be
tracked directly by means of ground-based or
space-based geodetic measurements.
Ans. 3. (c)
Exp: Protostar is an early stage in the evolution of
a star, after the beginning of the collapse of
the gas cloud fromwhich it is formed, but
before sufficient contraction has occurred to
permit initiation of nuclear reactions at its
core.
Ans. 4. (b)
Exp: Hydration is the chemical addition of water
causing expansion of the rock.Increase in the
volume of the material itself or rock.
Repetition of chemical addition of water
leading into fatigue & disintegration.
In weathering, oxidation means a
combination of a mineral with oxygen to form
oxides or hydroxides. Oxidation occurs where
there is ready access to the atmosphere and
oxygenated waters. The minerals most
commonly involved in this process are iron,
manganese, sulphur etc. In the process of
oxidation rock breakdown occurs due to the
disturbance caused by addition of oxygen.
Red colour of iron upon oxidation turns to
brown or yellow. When oxidised minerals are
placed in an environment where oxygen is
absent, reduction takes place. Such conditions
exist usually below the water table, in areas of
stagnant water and waterlogged ground. Red
colour of iron upon reduction turns to
greenish or bluish grey.
Ans. 5. (b)
Exp: Mizoram has huge number of mountains and
formation of most of the mountains is
accompanied by formation of valley type
depression which runs parallel to mountains.
These depressions get accumulated with
unconsolidated deposits known as molasses
basin. Also known as" LAND OF ROLLING
MOUNTAINS".
Ans. 6. (d)
Exp: Revolution of earth around sun alongwith the
tilt of earth towards sun is responsible for
changes in season. Cloudiness means less
insolation for earth as it decreases
transparency.
Green House Gas has nothing to do with
insolation.
Ans. 7. (b)
Exp: In the Great Himalayan range of the
Himachal and Uttarakhand Himalayas, the
valleys are mostly inhabited by the Bhotia's.
These are nomadic groups who migrate to
'Bugyals' (the summer glasslands in the
higher reaches) during summer months and
return to the valleys during winters.
Ans. 8. (b)
Exp: Waterfalls and rapids may exist in youth
stage where local hard rock bodies are
exposed but disappear in mature stage.
Ans. 9. (c)
Exp: In the land locked Red Sea, it is as high as
41%. Thus Red sea has higher salinity. The
North Sea, in spite of its location in higher
latitudes, records higher salinity due to more
saline water brought by the North Atlantic
Drift. Baltic Sea records low salinity due to
influx of river waters in large quantity. The
Mediterranean Sea records higher salinity due
to high evaporation. Salinity is, however, very
low in Black Sea due to enormous fresh water
influx by rivers.
Ans. 10. (c)
Exp: In areas where there are alternating beds of
rocks (shales, sandstones, quartzites) with
limestones or dolomites in between or in
areas where limestones are dense, massive
and occurring as thick beds, cave formation is
prominent. Water percolates down either
through the materials or through cracks and
joints and moves horizontally along bedding
planes. It is along these bedding planes that
the limestone dissolves and long and narrow
to wide gaps called caves result.
Ans. 11. (c)
Exp: The debris avalanches and landslides occur
very frequently in the Himalayas because the
Himalayas are tectonically active. They are
mostly made up of sedimentary rocks and
unconsolidated and semi-consolidated
deposits. The slopes are very steep.
Compared to the Himalayas, the Nilgiris
bordering Tamil Nadu, Karnataka, Kerala and
the Western Ghats along the west coast are
relatively tectonically stable and are mostly
made up of very hard rocks; but, still, debris
avalanches and landslides occur though not
as frequently as in the Himalayas, in these
hills. Why? Many slopes are steeper with
almost vertical cliffs and escarpments in the
Western Ghats and Nilgiris. Mechanical
weathering due to temperature changes and
ranges is pronounced. They receive heavy
amount of rainfalls over short period.
Ans. 12. (a)
Exp: The location of tropical storms shifts eastward
in pacific ocean during an El Niño because
atmospheric moisture is fuel for
thunderstorms, and the greatest amount of
evaporation takes place above the ocean's
warmest water.
Flooding occurs in Peruvian coast.
Ans. 13. (c)
Exp: The Isotherms are lines joining places having
equal temperature. Isotherms of southern
hemisphere are more regular and straight as
compared to that of northern hemisphere
because southern hemisphere has very low
land by ocean proportion.
In January the isotherms bend towards pole
in northern hemisphere because in northern
winters, temperature greatly reduces from
equator to polar regions.
Ans. 14. (c)
Exp: Sind Sagar Doab - lies between the Indus and
Jhelum rivers.
Jech Doab (also Chaj Doab) - lies between the
Jhelum and the Chenab.
Rechna Doab - lies between the Chenab and
the Ravi.
Bari Doab or Majha - lies between the Ravi
and the Beas.
Bist Doab (also Jullundur Doab or Doaba) -
lies between the Beas and the Sutlej.
Ans. 15. (b)
Exp: Tillite is a sedimentary rock that consists of
consolidated masses of unweathered blocks
(large, angular, detached rock bodies) and
glacial till (unsorted and unstratified rock
material deposited by glacial ice) in a rock
flour (matrix or paste of unweathered rock).
 The Gondawana system of sediments from
India is known to have its counter parts in six
different landmasses of the Southern
Hemisphere. Counter parts of this succession
are found in Africa, Falkland Island,
Madagascar, Antarctica and Australia besides
India. Overall resemblance of the Gondawana
type sediments clearly demonstrates that
these landmasses had remarkably similar
histories.
Ans. 16. (b)
Exp: First sheet erosion occurs in steep slopes
forming rills. These rills will gradually
develop into long and wide gullies; the
gullies will further deepen, widen, lengthen
and unite to give rise to a network of valleys.
Stream erosion forms the peneplain. Lateral
erosion occurs in maturity stage.
Ans. 17. (a)
Exp: Bardoli Chheerha is the local thunderstorm of
Assam. They are also useful for Tea
cultivation in Assam. They start occurring
from the month of March and their effect is
pronounced in the month of April and May.
Ans. 18. (d)
Exp: Arthur Holmes in 1930s discussed the
possibility of convection currents operating in
the mantle portion. These currents are
generated due to radioactive elements
causing thermal differences in the mantle
portion. Holmes argued that there exists a
system of such currents in the entire mantle
portion. This was an attempt to provide an
explanation to the issue of force, on the basis
of which contemporary scientists discarded
the continental drift theory.
Ans. 19. (d)
Exp: Weathering processes are responsible for
breaking down the rocks into smaller
fragments and preparing the way for
formation of not only regolith and soils, but
also erosion and mass movements.
Weathering of rocks and deposits helps in the
enrichment and concentrations of certain
valuable ores of iron, manganese, aluminium,
copper etc., which are of great importance for
the national economy. Weathering is an
important process in the formation of soils.
Ans. 20. (c)
Exp: Convection takes place when the air in
contact with the earth rises vertically on
heating in the form of currents and further
transmits the heat.
Conduction takes place when the air in
contact with the land gets heated slowly and
the upper layers in contact with the lower
layers also get heated.
The transfer of heat through horizontal
movement of air is called advection.
Ans. 21. (b)
Exp: The favourite breeding grounds of temperate
cyclones are:
• Over USA and Canada, extending over Sierra
Nevada, Colorado, Eastern Canadian Rockies
and the Great Lakes region.
• Mexican Gulf
• The belt extending from Iceland to Barents
Sea and continuing over Russia and Siberia.
• Winter storms over Baltic Sea.
• Mediterranean basin extending upto Russia
and even upto India in winters (called
western disturbances).
• The Antarctic frontal zone.
Ans. 22. (b)
Exp: Albedo is the percentage of the reflected
amount of solar radiation from earth.
Inversion of temperature is the increase of
temperature with increase in height.
Terrestrial radiation is the long wave
radiation emitted by earth and absorbed by
the greenhouse gases in the atmosphere.
Ans. 23. (a)
Exp: Continental Margins include continental
shelf, continental slope, continentalrise and
deep-oceanic trenches.It too contains deep
oceanic trenches.
The abyssal plains are the areas where the
continental sediments that move beyond
themargins get deposited.
 Mid-oceanic ridges forms an interconnected
chain of mountain system within the ocean. It
is the longest mountain-chain on the surface
of earth. Its rift system at crest is of intense
volcanic activity.
Ans. 24. (c)
Exp: Metamorphic rocks through continuous
denudation changes into sedimentary rocks.
Sedimentary rocks upon melting in the
interior changes into igneous. Ans. 25. (b)
Exp: Sargasso sea formed in Atlantic ocean which
is a motionless ocean region around which
ocean currents circulate. Ocean currents too
get influenced by coriolis force.
vvvvvv
 Physical Geography Test-1
Part - 2

1. Match the following passes with the states in 2. The process of Diastrophism & gravity
which they are located: come under exogenic forces.
Passes States 3. Temperature and precipitation control
the various exogenic forces.
1. Changla Pass a. Arunachal
Pradesh Codes:
2. Kunzum Pass b. Sikkim (a) 1 and 2
3. Jelep La Pass c. Jammu & (b) 1 and 3
Kashmir (c) Only 3
4. Sela Pass d. Himachal (d) All
Pradesh
4. Which of the following statements is/are true
Codes: regarding the Himalayan Fold Mountains?
1 2 3 4 1. They are the oldest mountain ranges in
(a) c d b a the world.
(b) a d b c 2. They are located in the regions of high
(c) c d a b seismic activity and convergent plate
(d) b a c d boundary.
3. They are formed generally by the
2. Consider the following statements: sedimentary rocks and contain fossils
1. These are a series of large ocean waves which are marine is nature.
generated by large undersea
disturbances. Codes:
2. These are characterized by enormous (a) 1 and 2
wavelength and high velocity that are (b) 2 and 3
triggered by the sudden disturbances. (c) Only 3
3. There occurrence are relatively rare in the (d) None
Indian Ocean, and are most common in
the Pacific Ocean. 5. Which of the following are the favourable
factors for the formation of tropical cyclones?
The above features are of: 1. Small enclosed sea with surface
(a) Harbour Wave temperature above 27 degree C.
(b) Tsunami 2. Upper divergence above the sea level
(c) Cyclone system.
(d) Both a and b 3. Minimum level of vertical wind shear
between the upper and lower layers of
3. Consider the following statements regarding the troposphere.
the forces acting on the landforms:
4. Presence of coriolis force.
1. For endogenic process, the energy is
generated by the rotational & tidal Codes:
friction only. (a) 3 and 4
 (b) 2, 3 and 4 9. "Climate is continental type with extreme
(c) None temperatures, annual rainfall is moderate,
ideal for growth of grass and the people have
(d) All
successfully harnessed technology to utilize
6. Which of the following act as the requisite for their rich natural resources." The above
the mass movement? statement best describes which of the
1. Increase in gradient and height of slopes. following regions?
2. Removal of material from over the (a) African Savannah
original slope surfaces. (b) Central Asian Steppe
3. Saturation and lubrication of slope (c) North American Prairie
materials. (d) Siberian Tundra
Codes: 10. Which of the following factors can be the
(a) Only 3 direct causes of climate change?
(b) 2 and 3 1. Increase and decrease of sun's dark and
(c) 1 and 3 cooler patches in a cyclic manner.
(d) All 2. Increase and decrease of sun’s dark and
coller patches in a cyclic manner.
7. Which of the following statements is/are true
3. Variations in the earth's orbital
about meanders?
characteristics around the sun.
1. Meanders are formed when load carrying
4. Decrease in biodiversity.
capacity of the river increases drastically.
5. Concentration of greenhouse gases.
2. Ox-bow lakes are the result of
meandering rivers. 6. Volcanic activities.
3. Its concave bank is known as cut-off bank Codes:
and convex as slip-off bank. (a) 1, 3, 4 and 5
Codes: (b) 2, 3 and 5
(a) 1 and 2 (c) 1, 2, 4 and 5
(b) 2 and 3 (d) All
(c) Only 3 11. Which of the following statement is/are true
(d) None about coriolis force ?
8. Which of the following landforms and 1. It deflects the wind to the right direction
process of their formation is correctly in the northern hemisphere and to the left
matched? in the southern hemisphere.
1. Serrated ridges: Erosional landform of 2. It is maximum at the poles and is absent
Glacier. at the equator.
2. Deflation Hollows: Erosional landform of 3. It plays a vital role in the formation of
Running Water. cyclones in tropics.
3. Pedestal Rocks: Erosional landform of Codes:
Wind. (a) Only 1
4. Lapies: Erosional landform of (b) 2 and 3
Groundwater cycle.
(c) Only 3
Codes: (d) All
(a) 1, 2 and 3
12. Which of the following statement correctly
(b) 2, 3 and 4 defines the term Dew?
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) All
 (a) Dew is formed when the moisture is
deposited in the form of water droplets
on nuclei in air.
(b) Dew is formed when the moisture is
deposited in the form of water droplets
on cooler surfaces of solid objects.
(c) Dew is formed on cold surfaces when
condensation takes place below freezing
point.
16. The soils are not very fertile in the Velds due
(d) Dew is a cloud with its base at or very
near to the ground form on nuclei in air.
13. Consider the following statements related to
the oceanic crust:
1. Oceanic crust is lighter than the
continental crust.
2. Oceanic crust is made up of basalt and
granite.
3. Oceanic crust is much younger than the
17. Which of the following statements is/are true
continental crust.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) Only 1 (b) 2 and 3
(c) Only 3 (d) All
14. Which of the following pairs is/are correctly
matched?
1. Deltas: They are formed when load
carrying capacity of river reduced to a
great extent.
2. Point Bars: They are formed by sediments
deposited in a linear fashion found on the
convex side of meanders of large rivers.
3. Alluvial fans: They are formed when
streams flowing from higher levels break
into foot slope plains of low gradient.
18. The Himalayan mountain ranges run in a
Codes:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) All
15. Under which of the following conditions
condensation will take place?
1. When the temperature of the air is
reduced to dew point without changing
its volume.
2. When both the volume and the
temperature are reduced.
3. When moisture is removed from the air
through precipitation.
Codes:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) Only 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) All
to:
(a) The presence of discontinuous grasses
exposing barren surface.
(b) A physical or chemical material in the
soil that inhibits the growth of grasses.
(c) An overabundance of acidic materials in
the soil.
(d) The result of human activities.
about 'humidity'?
1. Actual amount of water vapour present
in the atmosphere is known as relative
humidity and expressed as grams per
cubic metre.
2. The ability to hold moisture by air
depends on the temperature.
3. Relative humidity is greater over
continents compared to oceans.
Codes:
(a) Only 1
(b) Only 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) All
west-east direction from the Indus to the
Brahmaputra. Which of the following is
'incorrect' with reference to the Himalayas?
(a) The altitudinal variations are greater in
the eastern part of the Himalayas than
those in the western part.
(b) Beyond the Kali Gandaki gorge, the
Himalayas bend sharply to the south and
spread along the eastern boundary of
India.
(c) The Kali and Tista rivers demarcate the
Nepal Himalayas and the part lying
between Tista and Dihang rivers is
known as Assam Himalayas.
 (d) The Purvachal hills and mountains 22. Consider the following statements regarding
running through the north-eastern states River Chenab:
are mostly composed of sedimentary 1. Source of this river is Bara lacha pass.
rocks.
2. It is the largest tributary of river Indus.
19. Which of the following statement is/are true 3. The waters of Chenab were allocated to
about planetary winds? Pakistan under the terms of the Indus
1. All planetary winds are blowing from Water Treaty.
east to west. 4. River Chandra is an upper tributary of
2. They change their position as per the river Chenab.
apparent movement of sun.
Which of the above statements are true?
Codes: (a) 2 and 4
(a) Only 1 (b) 3 and 4
(b) Only 2 (c) 1, 2 and 4
(c) Both (d) All
(d) None
23. Which of the following factors determine the
20. Which of the following is correct about salinity of ocean?
temperature distribution over oceans? 1. Both evaporation and precipitation
1. Temperature decreases from equator to 2. Draining of rivers into sea
pole because of decreasing trend of 3. Ice melting near sea
insolation.
4. Ocean currents
2. Oceans in southern hemisphere receive
5. Wind system
less heat due to their less contact with
land. Codes:
3. Winds blowing from land to sea increase (a) 1 and 2
the sea surface temperature near coast. (b) 2, 3 and 4
Codes: (c) 3 and 5
(a) 1 and 2 (d) All
(b) Only 2 24. Consider the following statements related to
(c) 2 and 3 the sources of renewable energy in India:
(d) All 1. Ocean Thermal Energy Conversion plant
- proposed at Gulf of Cambay.
21. Consider the following statements regarding
'Inversion of temperature': 2. Tidal energy plant - at Gulf of Kachchh.
1. A long winter night with clear skies and 3. Geo-thermal energy plant - at Manikaran
still air is ideal situation for inversion. in J&K.
2. Over polar areas, temperature inversion Which of the above pairs are incorrectly
is normal throughout the year. matched?
3. The inversion takes place in hills and (a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 3
mountains due to air drainage. (c) 1 and 3 (d) None
4. Inversion is usually of longer duration.
25. Which of the following river is not a west
Which of the statements given above are flowing river?
correct? (a) Kalinadi (b) Palar
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 1, 2 and 3 (c) Bharathapuzha (d) Dhandhar
(c) 2, 3 and 4 (d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
vvvvvv
 Physical Geography Test-1 Answers
Part - 2
Ans. 1. (a)
Ans. 2. (d)
Exp: The above features are of Tsunami which is
also known as Harbour Wave in Japan.
Tsunamis are caused by earthquakes
generated in a subduction zone, and area
where the oceanic plate is being forced down
into the mantle by plate tectonic forces.
Ans. 3. (c)
Exp: The energy emanating from within the earth
is the main force behind endogenic
geomorphic processes. This energy is mostly
generated by radioactivity, rotational and
tidal friction and primordial heat from the
origin of the earth. Diastrophism &
Vulcanism come under endogenic forces.
Climate is the main controlling factors for
exogenic forces.
Ans. 4. (b)
Exp: They are the youngest mountain ranges in the
world. They are located in the regions of high
seismic activity because they are formed out
of the plate movements. These mountains are
composed of sedimentary, igneous as well as
metamorphic rocks, but the sedimentary
rocks predominate and contain fossils which
are marine is nature.
Ans. 5. (b)
Exp: The favourable conditions are:
• Large open sea with surface temperature
above 27 degree C is required for generation
of cyclones.
• Pre-existing low pressure area from where a
large can develop itself.
• Upper divergence above the sea level system
to suck out the air rising from below and
completes the mechanism.
• Low values of vertical wind shear between
the surface and the upper troposphere.
Vertical wind shear is the magnitude of wind
change with height. Large values of vertical
wind shear disrupt the incipient tropical
cyclone and can prevent genesis, or, if a
tropical cyclone has already formed, large
vertical shear can weaken or destroy the
tropical cyclone by interfering with the
organization of deep convection around the
cyclone center.
• Presence of coriolis force.
Ans. 6. (d)
Exp: The pre-requisites are: (i) removal of support
from below to materials above through
natural or artificial means; (ii) increase in
gradient and height of slopes; (iii)
overloading through addition of materials
naturally or by artificial filling; (iv)
overloading due to heavy rainfall, saturation
and lubrication of slope materials; (v)
removal of material or load from over the
original slope surfaces; (vi) occurrence of
earthquakes, explosions or machinery; (vii)
excessive natural seepage; (viii) heavy
drawdown of water from lakes, reservoirs
and rivers leading to slow outflow of water
from under the slopes or river banks; (ix)
indiscriminate removal of natural vegetation.
Ans. 7. (b)
Exp: Meanders are formed when load carrying
capacity of the river decrease
drastically.Hence these are mainly found in
lower coarse of the river.
 As meanders grow into deep loops, the same
may get cut-off due to erosion at the inflection
points and are left as ox-bow lakes.
Its concave bank is known as cut-off bank and
convex is slip-off bank.
Ans. 8. (c)
Exp: Deflation Hollows: Erosional landform of
Winds
Ans. 9. (c)
Exp: The temperate grasslands of North America
known as the Prairies, have continental type
with extreme temperatures because located in
the middle of a continent. The annual rainfall
is moderate and is ideal for the growth of
grass. A local wind “Chinook” blows in this
region due to the absence of the north-south
barrier. People have successfully harnessed
technology to utilise their rich natural
resources.
Ans. 10. (c)
Exp: Increase and decrease of sun's dark and
cooler patches in a cyclic manner changes the
solar output for earth. When they increase
,cooler and wetter weather and greater
storminess occurs.
Variations in the earth's orbital characteristics
around the sun alter the amount of insolation
on earth.
Decrease in biodiversity is an effect of climate
change. It is not a direct cause of climate
change.
Concentration of greenhouse gases trap more
longwave radiations from earth.
Volcanic activities releases GHGs, ashes ,etc
which trap heat energy.
Ans. 11. (d)
Exp: It deflects the wind to the right direction in
the northern hemisphere and to the left in the
southern hemisphere. The deflection is more
when the wind velocity is high.
The Coriolis force is directly proportional to
the angle of latitude. It is maximum at the
poles and is absent at the equator.
It is necessary for the rotation of wind in
anticlockwise pattern around the low
pressure area in northern hemisphere.
Ans. 12. (b)
Exp: When the moisture is deposited in the form of
water droplets on cooler surfaces of solid
objects (rather than nuclei in air above the
surface) such as stones, grass blades and plant
leaves, it is known as dew. The ideal
conditions for its formation are clear sky,
calm air, high relative humidity, and cold and
long nights. For the formation of dew, it is
necessary that the dew point is above the
freezing point.
Ans. 13. (c)
Exp: Oceanic crust is heavier than the continental
crust.
Basaltic lava flowing out of the volcanoes
form the oceanic crust.
As oceanic crust forms out of basaltic lavas
and then gets destroyed by moving under a
continental crust, it's crust is always younger.
Ans. 14. (d)
Exp: When rivers can't carry much load it starts
depositing at the mouth of the river and run
into numerous distributaries which lead to
formation of Delta.
Very coarse load is carried by streams flowing
over mountain slopes. This load becomes too
heavy for the streams to be carried over
gentler gradients and gets dumped and
spread as a broad low to high cone shaped
deposit called alluvial fan.
Point bars are also known as meander bars.
They are found on the convex side of
meanders of large rivers and are sediments
deposited in a linear fashion by flowing
waters along the bank. They are almost
uniform in profile and in width and contain
mixed sizes of sediments.
Ans. 15. (a)
Exp: When the temperature of the air is reduced to
dew point without changing its volume, the
air is not capable of holding enough moisture.
So condensation takes place.
 When both the volume and the temperature
are reduced , there is excess moisture thus
leading to condensation.
When moisture is removed from the air
through precipitation, it leads to moisture
deficit so no condensation.
Ans. 16. (a)
Exp: The soils are not very fertile in the velds due
to the presence of discontinuous grasses
exposing barren surface.
• Where the land is fertile crops are grown.
• The main crops are maize, wheat, barley, oats
and potato.
• Cash crops like tobacco, sugarcane and cotton
are also grown.
Ans. 17. (b)
Exp: Actual amount of water vapour present in
atmosphere is known as absolute humidity
and expressed as grams per cubic metre.
Temperature is the sole factor. As
temperature rises, the ability to hold water
too increases.
Relative humidity is greater over oceans
(because of abundance of available moisture
in contact with air) compared to continents.
Ans. 18. (b)
Exp: Beyond the Dihang gorge, the Himalayas
bend sharply to the south and spread along
the eastern boundary of India.
Ans. 19. (b)
Exp: Some are westerly and others are easterly as
per the position of low pressure and coriolis
force.
Apparent movement of sun changes the
position of low pressure and high pressure
and hence that of the trade winds.
Ans. 20. (a)
Exp: Temperature increases from pole to equator
because of increasing trend of insolation.
vvvvvv
Oceans in southern hemisphere receive less
heat due to their less contact with land and
thus remain cool.
Winds blowing from land to sea decreases the
sea surface temperature near coast by
removing the warm surface waters and
causing upwelling of cold waters.
Ans. 21. (b)
Exp: Inversion is usually of short duration.
Ans. 22. (d)
Exp: The Chenab is the largest tributary of the
Indus. It is formed by two streams, the
Chandra and the Bhaga, which join at Tandi
near Keylong in Himachal Pradesh. Hence, it
is also known as Chandrabhaga. The river
flows for 1,180 km before entering into
Pakistan.
Ans. 23. (d)
Exp: Evaporation removes water and increase
salinity. Precipitation adds water and
decrease salinity.
Draining of rivers into sea and ice melting
near seas add up the water in seas.
Ocean currents and wind system drive water
of different salinity from one place to another,
hence changes their salinity.
Ans. 24. (c)
Exp: India's first ocean thermal energy conversion
(OTEC) plant has been proposed at Tuticorin
shore. Geothermal energy power plant has
been commissioned at Manikaran in
Himachal Pradesh.
Ans. 25. (b)
Exp: River Palar is an east flowing river. It rises in
Nandi Hills, India in Kolar district of
Karnataka state, and flows 93 kilometres (58
mi) in Karnataka, 33 kilometres (21 mi) in
Andhra Pradesh and 222 kilometres (138 mi)
in Tamil Nadu before its confluence into the
Bay of Bengal at Vayalur about 100 kilometres
(62 mi) south of Chennai.