Target PT 2018

PRACTICE
WORKBOOK
of 115

Economic Geography
Test-1
st
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 Economic Geography Test-1
Part -1

3. Leguminous crops are sources of oil

1. Which of the following statements is/are true
phytochemicals for human health, and
about different types of soil?
resources for industries and biofuels.
1. Loamy soil has good water holding
capacity which is suitable for variety of Codes:
crops. (a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 3
2. Sandy soils are characterized by high (c) Only 2 (d) All
amount of percolation and nutrient loss.
5. Which of the following farming systems tend
3. Clayey soil particles being small in size to increase the microbial biomass in the soil?
have high water retention properties.
(a) No-tillage farming
Codes: (b) Shifting cultivation
(a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 2 (c) Sedentary farming
(c) Only 3 (d) All (d) Hoe farming
2. Which of the following process lead to losses 6. Consider the following statements on Ports in
of Organic Carbon from soil? India:
1. By mixing of crop residues in soil. 1. Tamil Nadu has the most number of
2. By decomposition of material by micro- Major ports.
organisms. 2. Gujarat has more number of Minor ports
3. By erosion of surface soil. than Maharashtra.
Codes: 3. Kolkata port is India's only riverine port.
(a) Only 3 (b) 1 and 3 Which of the statements given above is/are
(c) 2 and 3 (d) All correct?
(a) Only 3 (b) 2 and 3
3. Under which of the following form of
irrigation system, poor quality water can be (c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3
used? 7. Arrange the following nations in terms of
(a) Terraced irrigation system decreasing order with respect to wind power
(b) Drip irrigation system installed capacity:
(c) Ridges and furrow irrigation system 1. USA
(d) Flood irrigation systemd) Flood irrigation 2. China
system 3. Germany
4. Which of the following statements is/are true 4. India
about leguminous crops? Codes:
1. Leguminous crops are responsible for (a) 1>2>3>4 (b) 2>1>3>4
nitrogen fixation in the soil.
(c) 1>2>4>3 (d) 2>1>4>3
2. Leguminous crops have high nutrients
absorbing capacities thus are harmful 8. Mixed farming is one in which crop
when used in crop rotation. production is combined with the rearing of
 livestock. Which of the following is/are the
impacts of mixed farming?
1. It offers highest return on farm business,
as the byproducts of farm are properly
utilized.
2. It reduces the spread of diseases and
pests.
3. It promotes water conservation and
minimizes soil erosion.
Codes:
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 2 (d) All
9. Due to which of the following reasons the
inland fishing intensity along river courses
varies from stretch to stretch?
1. Due to conflicting multiple uses of river
water.
2. Due to difference in the current velocity.
3. Due to terrain of the river bed.
Codes:
(a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 3
(c) Only 2 (d) All
10. Consider the following statements with
respect to the advantages of new
Hydrocarbon Exploration and Licensing
Policy (HELP):
1. It will enhance domestic oil & gas
production.
2. It will enhance transparency by reducing
administrative discretion.
3. It will provide soft loans from
multilateral institutions for funding
infrastructure development.
4. It will allow the developers to raise ECBs
for developing the internal infrastructure.
productions and atmospheric release of
methane.
3. It deprives local ecosystems of nutrients
that forest or agricultural waste provide.
Codes:
(a) Only 3 (b) 1 and 3
(c) 2 and 3 (d) All
12. Which of the following are the proposed
benefits of the Policy on Promotion of City
Compost, approved by the government?
1. Market development assistance will be
provided which will decrease MRP of the
product.
2. It will provide carbon and
primary/secondary nutrients to soil to
improve fertility of the soil.
3. It will reduce the production of harmful
greenhouse gases and toxic material that
pollutes groundwater.
4. It will increase employment in both
urban and rural areas.
Codes:
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2 and 4
(c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) All
13. Which of the following is/are the functions
performed by the Fishery Survey of India?
1. Develop and promote new eco-friendly
fishing practices among fishermen.
2. Collect Information on food and feeding
habits and prey-predator relationships.
3. Chart out fishing grounds in the
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and
adjoining high seas.
4. Collect data on deep sea fishery
resources.

Which of the above stated benefits are Codes:

correct? (a) 1, 2 and 4 (b) 1, 2 and 3
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 (c) 2, 3 and 4 (d) All
(c) 1, 3 and 4 (d) All 14. Which of the following agricultural activities
11. What are the environmental impacts of lead to pollution?
biomass energy? 1. Water soluble pesticides and untimely
1. Formation of biomass energy releases irrigation lead to ground water pollution.
SO2 and NOx which impacts air quality. 2. Application of excessive fertilizers leads
2. Biomass power plants divert wood waste to Blue Baby Syndrome.
from landfills, which reduces the
 3. Runoff of agricultural waste-water leads (a) Only 2 (b) 2 and 3
to Eutrophication. (c) 1 and 2 (d) All
4. Growing of exotic crops by reducing the
18. Which of the following statements related to
number natural species give rise to new
the applications of nano-technology in
diseases, pests and weeds.
agriculture is/are correct?
Codes: 1. Nano capsules for pesticide delivery
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2 and 3 prevent groundwater contamination.
(c) 2, 3 and 4 (d) All 2. Nano sensors are used for monitoring
soil conditions and plant growth.
15. Consider the following statements related to
the District Mineral Foundation: 3. Nano particles can be used as gelation
and viscosifying agents.
1. It will work for the interest and benefit of
persons and areas affected by mining Codes:
related operations. (a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 2
2. Its operation will be defined under the (c) Only 3 (d) All
jurisdiction of the relevant State
Government. 19. Which of the following pairs of proposed
ports and their respective states is/are
3. It will be funded by royalty on minerals
correctly matched?
and will be treated as extra budgetary
resources. Proposed Ports States
1. Sagar Port – West Bengal
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
2. Colachel Port – Karnataka
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
3. Dahanu Port – Orissa
(c) 1 and 3 (d) All
4. Dugarajpatnam Port – Andhra Pradesh
16. Which of the following statements is/are true
Codes:
about soil conservation techniques?
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2, 3 and 4
1. Mulching is a process of covering the soil
with only organic materials in order to (c) 1 and 4 (d) 1, 2 and 3
preserve soil moisture. 20. Which of the following statements is incorrect
2. Shelter belts drastically reduce the soil about zero tillage?
erosion in hilly areas by breaking wind. (a) It is a method of planting of new crop
3. Gypsum is added to the soil in order to over the residues of the previous crop.
reduce soil salinity caused due to over- (b) Zero tilled soils are non-homogeneous
irrigation. and contains less number of earthworms.
Codes: (c) Organic content increases due to less
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3 mineralisation.
(c) Only 3 (d) None (d) All of the above

17. Which of the following is/are the negative
impacts of water-logging?
1. Waterlogged soils release increased
amounts of nitrous oxide (N2O).
2. It reduces the plant growth as the ability
of plants to absorb nutrients from soil
decreases.
3. It reduces nitrogen fixation by the
nodules of legume crops and pastures.
Codes:
21. Which of the following statements is/are true
about N-P-K fertilizers?
1. Nitrogen is essential constituent for
plants as it provides proteins and impart
green colour to the plants.
2. Phosphorus supports the formation of
oils, sugars, and starches.
3. The ideal ratio of N:P:K should be 1:1:1.
Codes:
(a) Only 1
 (b) 1 and 2 24. Consider the following statements related to
(c) 2 and 3 the features of High grade coal (Anthracite):
(d) All 1. It contains a high percentage of fixed
carbon and a low percentage of volatile
22. Which of the following statement(s) is/are matter.
correct?
2. It lights on fire easily and can produce
1. Net sown area is greater than or equal to excessive smoke and particulate matter.
gross cropped area.
3. It is used in the steel industries.
2. Cropping intensity is in %age of gross
cropped area/net sown area. Which of the above statements is/are correct?
3. Net Irrigated Area depicts total area (a) 1 and 3 (b) All
under crops irrigated twice in a year by (c) 2 and 3 (d) Only 3
any source.
25. Consider the following statements about
Codes: energy resources:
(a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 2 1. Geothermal energy is generated from the
(c) 2 and 3 (d) All magma exist in the mantle and lower
crust of the earth.
23. Which of the following statements with
2. Tidal energy is dependent on position of
respect to land-man ratio is/are incorrect?
the Moon and Sun with respect to the
1. It is the ratio between the habitable area Earth and local geography of the sea floor
and the total population of a country. and coastlines.
2. Arable Land-man ratio is generally 3. Radiant energy is generated from the
favourable in India as net sown area is energy of electromagnetic and
larger as compared to other developed gravitational radiation.
nations.
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
Choose the correct answer from below given
(a) Only 2
options:
(b) 2 and 3
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
(c) 1 and 2
(c) Both (d) None
(d) All

vvvvvvv
 Economic Geography Test-1 Answers
Part -1
Ans. 1. (d)
Exp: Loamy has good water holding capacity as it
has perfect mixture of sand, silt & clay. It can
hold up the nutrients too. On this various
kind of root crops can be grown.
Sandy soils have high amount of porosity.
Water can easily percolate. Hence it leads to
huge nutrient loss.
Particles of clayey soil are very small in size.
This makes the particles of clayey soil packed
tightly. There is very little space among the
particles. Water does not drain quickly
through clayey soil because of less space
among particles.
Ans. 2. (c)
Exp: The amount of Organic Carbon stored in soil
is the difference between all Organic Carbon
inputs and losses from a soil.
The main inputs of Organic Carbon to soil in
rainfed farming systems are from plant
material, such as crop residues, plant roots,
root exudates and animal manure. Inputs of
plant material are generally higher when
plant growth is greater.
Losses of Organic Carbon from soil are from
decomposition by microorganisms, erosion of
surface soil and offtake in plant and animal
production. Decomposition occurs when
microorganisms use Organic Carbon in soil to
obtain the carbon, nutrients and energy they
need to live. During decomposition, Organic
Carbon is lost from soil because
microorganisms convert about half of the
Organic Carbon to carbon dioxide gas (CO2).
Without continual inputs of OC, the amount
stored in soil will decrease over time because
OC is always being decomposed by
microorganisms.
Losses of OC from erosion of surface soil can
have a large impact on the amount of OC
stored in soil. This is because OC is
concentrated in the surface soil layer as small
particles that are easily eroded. In Australian
agriculture, erosion can cause the annual loss
of 0.2 t/ha of soil from a pasture, 8 t/ha from
a crop and up to 80 t/ha from bare fallow.
Offtake of OC in plant and animal production
is also an important loss of OC from soil.
Harvested materials such as grain, hay, feed
and animal grazing all represent loss of OC
(and nutrients) from soil.
Ans. 3. (b)
Exp: Drip irrigation is a form of irrigation that
saves water and fertilizer by allowing water
to drip slowly to the roots of many different
plants, either onto the soil surface or directly
onto the root zone, through a network of
valves, pipes, tubing, and emitters.
Features of drip irrigation system:
• 50 to 65% water saving compared to control
method.
• Crop attains early maturity.
• Crop quality and yield increased.
• Requires least land leveling.
• Poor quality water can be used.
Ans. 4. (b)
Exp: These crops carry nitrogen fixing bacteria in
their root nodules which fixes nitrogen from
air into nitrate ions. As they release high
amount of nitrate ions into the soil, they are
highly beneficial when used in crop rotation.
Leguminous crops are sources of protein for
humans and animals, vegetable oil for human
consumption, phyto-chemicals for human
 health, and resources for industries and
biofuels. They are important forage crops,
groundcovers, and timber resources.
Ans. 5. (a)
Exp: Microbial biomass (bacteria and fungi) is a
measure of the mass of the living component
of soil organic matter. The microbial biomass
decomposes plant and animal residues and
soil organic matter to release carbon dioxide
and plant available nutrients. Farming
systems that return plant residues (e.g. no-
tillage) tend to increase the microbial
biomass.
Ans. 6. (c)
Exp: Maharashtra has more number of minor ports
(53) followed by Gujarat (40). Tamil Nadu has
4 Major Parts, including new port Enayam
(recently approved by the Government).
Ans. 7. (b)
Exp: In terms of wind power installed capacity
India is globally placed at 4th position after
China, USA and Germany.
Ans. 8. (d)
Exp: Mixed farming is one which crop production
is combined with the rearing of livestock.
Impacts:
• It offers highest return on farm business, as
the byproducts of farm are properly utilized
• It provides work throughout year
• Efficient utilization of land, labour,
equipment and other resources.
• The crop by products such as straw, bus,
fodder etc. is used for feeding of livestock and
in return they provide milk.
• Manures available from livestock maintain
soil fertility.
• It helps in supplying all the food needs of the
family members.
• Intensive cultivation is possible and reduces
diseases.
• If one source of income is lost he can maintain
his family from other source of income.
• Milk cattle's provide draft animals for crop
production and rural transport.
• Mixed farming increases social status of the
farmer.
• The fertility of soil is also maintained in
mixed farming systems. Mixed farming
promotes water conservation and minimizes
soil erosion.
• It also may reduce the fertility of the soil as
more than one crop is grown at a time in the
same piece of land.
Ans. 9. (d)
Ans. 10. (a)
Exp: The Union Cabinet has approved the
Hydrocarbon Exploration and Licensing
Policy (HELP).
Four main facets of this policy are:
• Uniform license for exploration and
production of all forms of hydrocarbon,
• An open acreage policy,
• Easy to administer revenue sharing model
and
• Marketing and pricing freedom for the crude
oil and natural gas produced.
The decision will enhance domestic oil & gas
production, bring substantial investment in
the sector and generate sizable employment.
The policy is also aimed at enhancing
transparency and reducing administrative
discretion.
Ans. 11. (d)
Exp: Whether combusting directly or engaged in
gasification, biomass resources do generate
air emissions. It emits SO2, NOx, CO, etc.
Biomass power plants also divert wood waste
from landfills, which reduces the productions
and atmospheric release of methane, another
potent greenhouse gas. Further the collection,
processing and combustion of biomass fuels
may cause environmental problems if, for
example, the fuel source contains toxic
contaminants, agricultural waste handling
pollutes local water resources, or burning
biomass deprives local ecosystems of
 nutrients that forest or agricultural waste may
otherwise provide.
Ans. 12. (a)
Exp: The Union Cabinet has given its approval for
a Policy on Promotion of City Compost.
Under the policy, a provision has been made
for Market development assistance of Rs. 1500
per tonne of city compost for scaling up
production and consumption of the product.
Market development assistance would lower
MRP of city compost for farmers. Compost
from city garbage would not only provide
carbon and primary/secondary nutrients to
soil but also help in keeping the city clean.
Eco-Mark standard for City Compost would
ensure that environment friendly quality
product reaches the farmers.
Composting can reduce the volume of waste
to landfill/dumpsite by converting the waste
into useful by-products. This also prevents
production of harmful greenhouse gases
(especially methane) and toxic material that
pollutes groundwater apart from polluting
the environment. City Waste composting
would also generate employment in urban
areas.
As name suggest it will be implemented in
urban areas so will generate employment
there.
Ans. 13. (d)
Exp: The mandate of FSI is listed below.
• Survey and assessment of fish stocks and
charting of fishing grounds in the Indian
Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and
adjoining high seas.
• Monitoring of fishery resources for fisheries
regulation, management and conservation.
• Assessment of suitability of deep-sea fishing
gear with special reference to the concepts of
maximum sustainable yield, preservation of
environment and ecology of marine
ecosystem.
• Marine fisheries forecasting including
application of remote sensing in fisheries
management.
• Maintaining data on deep sea fishery
resources and dissemination of information to
different user groups.
• Human resources development through
training of fishing operatives and meeting
faculty requirements of sister institutes and
organization.
• Information on food and feeding habits and
prey-predator relationships provide valuable
insight to the ecological succession and
interactions of co-existing species in the
ecosystem. Information on reproductive
biology is essential for evolving conservation
and management measures. The Institute
regularly collects biological data on the above
aspects and the results of these studies are
used for various purposes.
• In order to develop and promote new fishing
practices and fishing gear which will not
contribute physical and biological
degradation of marine ecosystem and to
minimize incidence of by-catch, the FSI
undertakes experimental fishing using
species-specific fishing gears.
Ans. 14. (d)
Exp: Sandy soil has higher porosity which can lead
to leaching of pesticide containing surface
water to underground. Water soluble
pesticides and untimely irrigation promotes
this leaching which results into ground water
pollution.
Blue Baby syndrome is the disease caused
due to nitrate contamination. In agricultural
fields when excess nitrogen fertilizers are
applied it leads to runoff into surface waters
where it gives birth to Blue Baby Syndrome.
Same Nitrogen and Phosphorus runoff from
agricultural fields gets accumulated in water
bodies and give birth to eutrophication.
Eutrophication is the outcome of agricultural
pollution not the other way round.
Growing exotic crops and reducing the
natural species in a certain area has become
the norm for agriculture. However, it is
simply adding to the process of agricultural
pollution. With the arrival of new crops, the
native population has to deal with new
 diseases, pests and weeds that it is not
capable of fighting.
Ans. 15. (a)
Exp: Union Ministry of Mines and Steel has
proposed to create a District Mineral
Foundation (DMF) in every district affected
by mining, which will be funded by an
additional levy related to royalty. The funds
will be used for the benefit of persons affected
by mining as also for the rebuilding of
infrastructure in mining affected areas. Its
manner of operation comes under the
jusrisdiction of the relevant State
Government.
Ans. 16. (b)
Exp: Mulching is covering of the soil with mulch
which preserves the soil moisture, but the
mulch can be inorganic too like plastic.
In hilly areas terrace farming is used for soil
conservation where running water is the
agent of soil erosion. Shelter belts are helpful
in wind related soil erosion.
Gypsum is added to reduce drastically the
alkanisation caused by excessive irrigation.
Ans. 17. (d)
Exp: Waterlogging occurs when roots cannot
respire due to excess water in the soil profile.
Waterlogged soils release increased amounts
of nitrous oxide (N2O), a particularly
damaging greenhouse gas.
Root tips begin to die within a few days of
waterlogging. The shallow root systems that
then develop limit the uptake of nutrients
(particularly nitrogen) and water, particularly
when the soil profile starts to dry in spring.
As a result plants may ripen early and grains
may not fill properly.
Nitrogen is lost from waterlogged soils by
leaching and denitrification (degassing).
Denitrification leads to the gaseous loss of
nitrous oxide (N2O) into the atmosphere,
which is a major greenhouse gas. These
losses, together with the lowered ability of
plants to absorb nutrients from waterlogged
soil, cause the older leaves to yellow.
Waterlogging also directly reduces nitrogen
fixation by the nodules of legume crops and
pastures.
Ans. 18. (d)
Exp: Nano capsules are released into fields to
directly reach the crop for pesticide and
fertilisers delivery. It reduces nutrient and
pesticide leaching to underground water.
Nano sensors are being implanted on the
fields which will give on time reports of soil
conditions and plant growth too.
In food processing industry for gelation and
viscosifying the nano particles are used.
Ans. 19. (c)
Exp: New Port Projects: Sagar Port (West Bengal)
,Colachel Port, (Tamil Nadu), Dahanu Port at
Wadhawan in Maharashtra and
Dugarajpatnam port (Andhra Pradesh).
Ans. 20. (b)
Exp: Zero tillage means no tillage. In this the new
crop is planted over the residues of the
previous crop without any prior soil tillage or
seed bed preparation.
Zero tilled soils are homogeneous due to no
tillage happened there and thus contains
more number of earthworms.
Organic content increases due to less
mineralisation.
Surface runoff is reduced due to presence of
mulch.
Ans. 21. (b)
Exp: The ideal ration is N:P:K = 4:2:1. All the three
are under the category of macro nutrients as
they are needed in large quantities unlike
Iron, Zinc, Magnesium which are needed in
small quantity.
Nitrogen is here essential constituent for
proteins and impart green colour to the plants
and is an integral part of chlorophyll.
Nitrogen helps plants grow quickly, while
also increasing the production of seed and
fruit, and bettering the quality of leaf and
forage crops. Nitrogen is also a component of
chlorophyll, the substance that gives plants
 their green color, and also aids
photosynthesis.
Phosphorus, also a key player in the
photosynthesis process, plays a vital role in a
variety of the things needed by plants.
Phosphorus supports the formation of oils,
sugars, and starches. The transformation of
solar energy into chemical energy is also
aided by phosphorus, as well as is
development of the plant, and the ability to
withstand stress. Additionally, phosphorus
encourages the growth of roots, and promotes
blooming.
Potassium, the third essential nutrient plants
demand, assists in photosynthesis, fruit
quality, the building of protein, and the
reduction of disease.
Ans. 22. (b)
Exp: Net sown area is the physical extent of the
land sown once in a year. Gross cropped area
is the total gross area brought under
cultivation in a year.
Cropping intensity is equal to %age of
grossed cropped area/net sown area. Hence it
is more than or equal to 1 in any situation.
Net sown area in India is always below 50%
of the reporting area. But it is more than 50 %
of total cultivable area.
Ans. 23. (a)
Exp: Land-man ratio is defined as the ratio
between the habitable area and the total
population of a country.
In terms of area, India ranks seventh in the
world, while in terms of population it ranks
second. Arable land includes net sown area,
vvvvvvv
in current fallow, other fallow and land under
tree crops. Arable land covers a total area of
167 million hectares which is 51 % of the total
area of the country.
However, the arable land-man ratio is' not as
favourable as in many other countries like
Australia, Canada, Argentina, the USA, Chile,
Denmark and Mexico. Conversely, the land-
man ratio is more favourable in India than
Japan, the Netherlands, Egypt, United
Kingdom, Israel and China.
Ans. 24. (a)
Exp: Anthracite is the highest quality of coal. High
grade coal is used in the steel industries
which is also called coking coal.
Bituminous coal lights on fire easily
Anthracite ignites with difficulty.
Ans. 25. (d)
Exp: The magnitude and character of tide motion
reflects the changing positions of the Moon
and Sun relative to the Earth, the effects of
Earth's rotation, and local geography of the
sea floor and coastlines.
Radiant energy is the energy of
electromagnetic and gravitational radiation.
The SI unit ofradiant energy is the joule (J).
The quantity of radiant energy may be
calculated by integrating radiant flux (or
power) with respect to time.
Geothermal energy is heat that is generated
within the Earth. Magma heats nearby rocks
and underground aquifers. Hot water can be
released through geysers, hot springs, steam
vents, underwater hydrothermal vents, and
mud pots. Magma exists in the mantle and
lower crust.
 Economic Geography Test-1
Part -2

1. Consider the following statements about Select the correct answer from below given
National Agricultural Market: options:
1. It is a common e-market platform for (a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 3
different regulated wholesale markets in (c) 2 and 3 (d) All
States/UTs.
4. Which of the following statements is/are true
2. It is not mandatory for the markets to join
related to dryland farming and wetland
the platform.
farming?
3. Central Government will meet expenses
1. Rainfall of 75 cm forms a boundary line
on software and its customization for the
between dryland farming and wetland
States and provide it free of cost to the
States and UTs. farming.
2. Telangana plateau generally comes under
Which of the statements given above is/are wetland farming due to presence of
true? swamps.
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 3 3. Jowar, Bajra & Sugarcane come under
(c) 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3 dryland farming.
2. Referring to watershed management, Codes:
consider the following statements: (a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2
1. Watershed management emphasises on (c) Only 3 (d) All
scientific soil and water conservation.
5. Consider the following statements related to
2. The aim is to develop primary resources
mineral plants in India:
of land and water to produce secondary
resources for maintaining ecological 1. Vizag steel plant is first port based steel
balance. plant.
3. Watershed management increases the life 2. Durgapur steel plant has been
of the downstream dam and reservoirs. established with the collaboration with
U.K.
Which of the above statements are correct?
3. First fertiliser plant in India has been
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 1 and 3 established at Sindari.
(c) 2 and 3 (d) All
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
3. Carbon monoxide (CO) is a major air (a) Only 1 (b) 2 and 3
pollutant. How is it harmful to human health?
(c) 1 and 3 (d) All
1. It reduces oxygen carrying capacity of the
blood. 6. Consider the following statements with
2. It affects the normal functioning of the respect to biomass energy:
nervous system. 1. Biomass is an organic material which has
3. It damages liver. stored sunlight in the form of chemical
energy.
 2. Biomass energy is generated by the (c) 2 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3
process of fermentation and
10. Considering the irrigation, how the efficiency
decomposition.
of surface method of irrigation can be
3. Wood, straw, manure, sugar cane, corn improved?
are the sources of biomass energy.
1. By lining the canal
Which of the statements given above are 2. By proper leveling of the field
correct?
3. By wild flooding to remove sediments
(a) 2 and 3 (b) 1 and 2
Choose the correct answer from below given
(c) All (d) None
options:
7. Which of the following come under the (a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
Ramsar classification of wetlands?
(c) 1 and 3 (d) 1, 2 and 3
1. Irrigated agricultural fields, especially the
paddy fields. 11. Considering the earth's atmosphere carbon
dioxide constitutes about 0.03% of the
2. Aquaculture ponds
atmosphere by:
3. Canals and drainage channels
1. By volume
4. Farm ponds
2. By weight
Codes: 3. By mass
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) Only 1
Choose the correct answer from below given
(c) 1 and 4 (d) All codes:
8. Which of the following statements related to (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
the agriculture Price policy is/are true? (c) Only 3 (d) 2 and 3
1. In India MSP is decided by the cabinet on
the recommendations of Department of 12. Which of the following statements is/are true
Agriculture & Cooperation. about Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchai Yojna?
1. The objective of the scheme is More crop
2. Price Stabilisation Fund is regulated by
Ministry of Finance to advance interest per drop.
free loans to state governments and 2. It will be run as a parallel scheme to
central agencies. Accelerated Irrigation Benefit
3. Essential Commodities Act is meant to Programme.
prevent hoarding or black marketing of 3. It is jointly implemented by Ministry of
foodstuffs only. Agriculture and Ministry of Water
Resources only.
Codes:
(a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 2 Codes:
(a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2
(c) None (d) All
(c) 2 and 3 (d) All
9. Which of the following pairs are correctly
matched? 13. National Hydrology Project has been
launched to improve the gathering of Hydro-
1. Mumbai-Pune Industrial Region - Cotton
meteorological data. Which of the following
Textile Industry.
are the proposed benefits of it?
2. Hugli Industrial Region - Jute Industry.
1. It will improve the assessment of surface
3. Chotanagpur Industrial region - Heavy and ground water resources in a river
Metallurgical Industries. basin for better planning & allocation of
Select the correct answer from the codes given resources.
below:
(a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 1
 2. It will help in mapping of flood Choose the correct answer from below given
inundation areas for use by the disaster codes:
management authorities. (a) Only 1 (b) 1 and 2
3. It will increase the lead time in flood (c) 2 and 4 (d) Only 3
forecast.
17. Which of the following features are associated
4. It will improve reservoir operations for
with the concept of sustainable energy?
drought management.
1. It include promotion of renewable energy
Codes: and technologies to improve energy
(a) Only 1 (b) 1, 3 and 4 efficiency.
(c) 1, 2 and 3 (d) All 2. It uses small amount of raw material per
unit energy production.
14. Which of the following statements is/are true
about Agro-irradiation centre? Select the correct answer for above correct
1. It is a place where plant saplings are statement using below given codes:
treated with low dosage of radiation for (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
their faster growth. (c) Both (d) None
2. The radiation doses are recommended by
18. Consider the following statements related to
International Atomic Energy Agency.
the Dedicated Freight Corridor:
3. Recently, India has collaborated with UK
1. The Dedicated Freight Corridor
to set up such centres in India to improve
Corporation of India Limited (DFCCIL) is
the agriculture sector.
a corporation run by the Ministry of
Codes: Urban Development (India).
(a) Only 1 (b) Only 2 2. DFCC has been registered as a company
(c) 1 and 2 (d) Only 3 under the Companies Act 1956.

15. Which of the following statements related to Which of the statements given above is/are
different forms of farming is/are true? correct?
1. Transhumance is a practice in agriculture (a) Only 1 (b) Only 2
where people shift from one place to (c) Both (d) None
another upon loss of its soil fertility.
19. Which of the following statements is/are true
2. Prevention and elimination of shifting about weeds?
cultivation is undertaken by National
1. Weeds naturally grow with the main
Commission for Scheduled Tribes.
crop in fields and thus form a symbiotic
3. Relay Cropping involves growing of the relationship.
succeeding crop when previous crop
2. Weeds in the fields can be the host to
attend its maturity stage.
various pests and insects.
Codes: 3. Weeds are the indicator of bad type of
(a) Only 1 (b) 2 and 3 soils only.
(c) 1 and 2 (d) All Codes:
16. Considering the types iron ores which of the (a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 2
following is known as oxides of iron? (c) Only 3 (d) All
1. Hematite
20. Which of the following statements is/are true
2. Magnetite about HYV seeds?
3. Limonite 1. It has longer life cycle which gives
4. Siderite farmers assurance against crop failure.
 2. HYV seeds are dwarf varieties and thus 23. Which of the following government schemes
require less amount of fertilisers and their objectives is/are correctly matched?
compared to the traditional seeds. 1. Surya Mitra scheme: It aims to promote
3. The micro climate developed at the fields the development and use of solar energy
sown with HYV seeds helps in for power generation by connecting it
prevention of pests and insects. with national grid.
Codes: 2. Jal Marg Vikas Project: Development of
inland waterways between Allahabad
(a) 1 and 2 (b) Only 2
and Haldia for improving commercial
(c) All (d) None navigation of vessels.
21. Bioremediation is the process of using 3. Sagar Mala project: To initiate port
organisms to neutralize or remove modernization, port connectivity, coastal
contamination from waste. Which of the community development and lighthouse
following is/are the essential conditions for tourism development.
the process of bioremediation?
Codes:
1. Sufficient Nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur,
(a) 1 and 2 (b) 2 and 3
and other nutrients to support good
microbial growth. (c) 1 and 3 (d) All
2. Sufficient oxygen to support aerobic 24. Which of the following are the non-renewable
biodegradation. energy resources?
3. Appropriate temperatures for microbial 1. Lignite 2. Wood
growth. 3. Asphalt 4. Nuclear energy
Select the correct answer from below given 5. Gasohol
codes:
Codes:
(a) 1 and 3 (b) 2 and 3
(a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 1, 3, 4 and 5
(c) Only 2 (d) All
(c) 1 and 5 (d) All
22. Which of the following statement defines the
25. Consider the following statements on Special
term colluviums soil?
Economic Zone (SEZ):
(a) Colluvial soil is sediment that has moved
1. SEZ is a geographical region deemed to
downhill to the bottom of the slope due
be foreign territory for the purposes of
to gravity and sheetwash during rain
trade operations and duties and tariffs.
storms.
2. Economic laws are more liberal in SEZ.
(b) Colluvial soil is sediment that has moved
downhill to the bottom of the slope with 3. Only State government or its agencies
the help of running water in streams. can set up an SEZ in India.
(c) Colluvial soil is soil formed on stream 4. Establishment of SEZs are confined only
deposits. to the developing countries.
(d) Colluvial soil is a soil consists of all the Which of the above statements are correct?
materials picked up, mixed, (a) 1, 2 and 3 (b) 2 and 4
disintegrated, transported and deposited
(c) 1, 2 and 4 (d) 1 and 2
through the action of glacial ice.
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 Economic Geography Test-1 Answers
Part -2

Ans. 1. (d) integration, the Mission is taking steps to

strengthen marketing of bamboo products,
Exp: The revised scheme envisages
especially those of handicraft items.
implementation of the National Agriculture
Market(NAM) by setting up of an appropriate Ans. 2. (d)
common e-market platform that would be
Exp: Watershed management emphasises scientific
deployable in selected 585 regulated
soil and water conservation in order to
wholesale markets in States/UTs desirous of
increase the biomass production. The aim is
joining the e-platform. Small Farmers
to develop primary resources of land and
Agribusiness Consortium (SFAC) will
water, to produce secondary resources of
implement the national e-platform and will
plants and animals for use in a manner which
cover 250, 200 and 135 mandis during 2015-
will not cause ecological imbalance.
16, 2016-17 and 2017-18 respectively.
Watershed management not only increases
Department of Agriculture, Cooperation &
the production and income of the watershed
Farmers Welfare (DAC&FW) will meet
community, but also mitigates droughts and
expenses on software and its customisation
floods and increases the life of the
for the States and provide it free of cost to the
downstream dam and reservoirs.
States and UTs. DAC&FW will also give grant
as one time fixed cost subject to the ceiling of Water harvesting is an age-old concept in
Rs.30.00 lakhs per Mandi (other than to the India. Khadins, tanks and nadis in Rajasthan,
private mandis) for related equipment / bandharas and tals in Maharashtra, bundhis
infrastructure in 585 regulated mandis, for in Madhya Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh, ahars
installation of the e-market platform. State and pynes in Bihar, kulhs in Himachal
Governments will suggest names of APMCs Pradesh, ponds in the Kandi belt of Jammu
where this project would be initiated. region, and eris (tanks) in Tamil Nadu,
surangams in Kerala, and kattas in Karnataka
With a view to harness the potential of
are some of the ancient water harvesting,
bamboo crop, Department of Agriculture &
including water conveyance, structures still in
Cooperation (DAC), Ministry of Agriculture
use today. Water harvesting techniques are
is implementing a 100% Centrally Sponsored
highly locale specific and the benefits are also
Scheme called Mission for Integrated
localised. Giving people control over their
Development of Horticulture (MIDH) in
local water resources ensures that
which National Bamboo Mission (NBM) is
mismanagement and over-exploitation of
being implemented as a sub scheme. The
these resources is reduced or removed. Their
Mission envisages promoting holistic growth
main purpose is not to hold surface water but
of bamboo sector by adopting area-based,
to recharge the ground water beneath. The
regionally differentiated strategy and to
advantages of water stored in the ground are
increase the area under bamboo cultivation
many.
and marketing. Under the Mission, steps have
been taken to increase the availability of Ans. 3. (b)
quality planting material by supporting the
setting up of new nurseries and strengthening Exp: Carbon monoxide (CO) a colorless, odorless,
of existing ones. To address forward tasteless, and toxic air pollutant is produced
 in the incomplete combustion of carbon-
containing fuels, such as gasoline, natural gas,
oil, coal, and wood. The largest
anthropogenic source of CO in the United
States is vehicle emissions. Breathing the high
concentrations of CO typical of a polluted
environment leads to reduced oxygen (O2)
transport by hemoglobin and has health
effects that include headaches, increased risk
of chest pain for persons with heart disease,
and impaired reaction timing.
Increased levels of carbon monoxide reduce
the amount of oxygen carried by
haemoglobin around the body in red blood
cells. The result is that vital organs, such as
the brain, nervous tissues and the heart, do
not receive enough oxygen to work properly.
At very high concentrations of carbon
monoxide, up to 40% of the haemoglobin can
be bound to carbon monoxide in this way.
This level will almost certainly kill humans.
For healthy people, the most likely impact of
a small increase in the level of carbon
monoxide is that they will have trouble
concentrating. Some people might become a
bit clumsy as their coordination is affected,
and they could get tired more easily.
People with heart problems are likely to
suffer from more frequent and longer angina
attacks, and they would be at greater risk of
heart attack. Children and unborn babies are
particularly at risk because they are smaller
and their bodies are still growing and
developing.
Ans. 4. (a)
Exp: Regions with more than 75 cm of rainfall
comes under wetland farming and rest come
under dryland farming.
Telengana plateau is rainfall deficient region ,
hence it comes under dryland farming.
Jowar, bajra & ragi come under dryland. Rice,
Sugarcane & jute come under wetland
farming.
Ans. 5. (d)
Ans. 6. (c)
Exp: Biomass is organic material which has stored
sun light in the form of chemical energy.
Because plants and trees depend on sunlight
to grow, biomass energy is a form of stored
solar energy. Although wood is the largest
source of biomass energy, we also use
agricultural waste, sugarcane wastes, and
other farm byproducts to make energy. Half a
kilo of dry plant tissue - produce as much as
1890 Kcal of heat - equivalent to quarter kilo
of coal a typical biogas sample contains 68%
methane, 31% CO2, 1% Nitrogen and calorific
value is 5871 Kcal/m3 (i.e. 80% natural gas).
Bio-fuels- also known as biomass fuels-such
as alcohol form, sugar, methane from organic
waste or charcoal from trees and biodiesel.
Ans. 7. (d)
Exp: Human-made wetlands according to Ramsar
classification
• Aquaculture (e.g., fish/shrimp) ponds
• Ponds; includes farm ponds, stock ponds,
small tanks; (generally below 8 ha).
• Irrigated land; includes irrigation channels
and rice fields:
• Seasonally flooded agricultural land
(including intensively managed or grazed wet
meadow or pasture).
• Salt exploitation sites; salt pans, salines, etc.
• Water storage areas;
reservoirs/barrages/dams/impoundments
(generally over 8 ha).
• Excavations; gravel/brick/clay pits; borrow
pits, mining pools.
• Wastewater treatment areas; sewage farms,
settling ponds, oxidation basins, etc.
• Canals and drainage channels, ditches.
Ans. 8. (c)
Exp: MSP is decided by cabinet committee on
economic affairs based on the
recommendations of Commission on
Agricultural Costs and Prices.
Price Stabilisation Fund is regulated by
Department of Agriculture and Cooperation
 to advance interest free loans to state
governments and central agencies.It is shared
equally by state and centre.
Essential Commodities Act is meant to
prevent hoarding or blackmarketing of not
only foodstuffs but drugs, fuels and many
more in the list.
Ans. 9. (d)
Ans. 10. (a)
Exp: Irrigation is necessary when plants cannot
satisfy all their water needs through natural
precipitation this practice is also called deficit
irrigation. There are three main irrigation
methods, namely:
• Surface (or gravity) irrigation
• Sprinkler irrigation
• Drip irrigation
In addition to the inherent efficiencies of
different irrigation methods, a number of
additional soil enhancement approaches can
be considered to improve the efficiency of
irrigation practices.
Proper field leveling, in order to allow the
water to travel in an optimum speed, is an
approach that assists uniform distribution of
water and reduces runoff, particularly in
surface and sprinkler irrigation.
Furrow diking, which allows the capture of
irrigation or precipitation water in small
earthen dams within furrows, is another
approach that can reduce runoff and increase
the effectiveness of irrigation.
Further water savings can be achieved
through residue management and
conservation tillage, where the amount,
orientation, and distribution of crop and plant
residue on the soil surface are managed.
These practices improve the ability of the soil
to hold moisture, reduces water run-off from
the field, and reduces surface evaporation.
Wild flooding is when water is allowed to
flow freely across farmland. It is a relatively
cheap form of irrigation, but uses water
inefficiently and some areas get more than
others.
Ans. 11. (a)
Exp: The global average concentration of CO2 in
Earth's atmosphere is currently about 0.04%,
or 400 parts per million by volume (ppm).
There is an annual fluctuation of about 3-9
ppm which is negatively correlated with the
Northern Hemisphere's growing season.
Carbon dioxide is produced when any
substance containing carbon is burned. It is
also a product of breathing and of
fermentation. Plants absorb carbon dioxide
through photosynthesis, and plants and soil
return some carbon dioxide to the atmosphere
through respiration.
Carbon dioxide is used to produce carbonated
soft drinks and soda water. Traditionally, the
carbonation in beer and sparkling wine came
about through natural fermentation, but
many manufacturers carbonate these drinks
with carbon dioxide recovered from the
fermentation process.
Ans. 12. (a)
Exp: The schemes wants to derive maximum
irrigation benefits out of the available water
resources. It thus promotes water saving
technologies too.
It is the amalgation of Accelerated Irrigation
Benefit Programme, Integrated Watershed
Management Programme and On Farm Water
Management.
It is jointly implemented by Ministry of
Agriculture, Ministry of Water Resources and
Ministry of Rural Development.
Ans. 13. (d)
Exp: The Project is to improve reliability and
accuracy of Hydrology and Ground Water
data throughout India and to improve access
to this information. The NHP will help in
gathering Hydro-meteorological data which
will be stored and analysed on a real time
basis and can be seamlessly accessed by any
user at the State/District/village level.
The NHP will result in the improvement of:
• Data storage, exchange, analysis and
dissemination through National Water
Informatics Centre.
• Lead time in flood forecast from 1 day to at
least 3 days.
• Mapping of flood inundation areas for use by
the disaster management authorities.
• Assessment of surface and ground water
resources in a river basin for better planning
& allocation for PMKSY and other schemes of
Govt. of India.
• Reservoir operations through seasonal
yield forecast, drought management,
SCADA systems, etc.
• Design of SW & GW structures, hydropower
units, interlinking of rivers, Smart Cities.
• Fulfilling the objectives of Digital India.
• People Centric approach.
Ans. 14. (c)
Exp: Agro-irradation centres are the places where
food stuffs are treated with low dosage of
radiation for keeping them safe for human
consumption.
The radiation doses are recommended by
International Atomic Energy Agency.
Recently India has collaborated with Russia to
set up such centres in India.
Ans. 15. (b)
Exp: Transhumance is a practice where nomadic
tribes shift from low altitude to high altitude
and vice a versa in the search of good pasture.
Shifting cultivation is a environment hazard
in India. Hence NCST has the task for
peaceful elimination of this practice in a
phased out manner.
Relay Cropping is growing of the succeeding
crop when previous crop attend its maturity
stage
Ans. 16. (b)
Exp: The most common iron ore minerals are iron
oxides and hydrated iron oxides (the latter is
formed by reactions in water). The most
important iron ores are the iron oxide
minerals called hematite and magnetite.
While many other minerals contain iron and
can be mined (such as the hydrated ore
minerals limonite and goethite, and the iron
carbonate mineral siderite)
Ans. 17. (c)
Ans. 18. (b)
Exp: DFCCIL is a corporation run by the Ministry
of Railways (India)
Ans. 19. (b)
Exp: Though weeds naturally grow in the fields,
they do not form any symboitic relationship,
rather they compete with the main crop for
inputs.
Weeds do invite various pests and insects.
Pests derive their food from weeds and side
by side harm the main crop too.
Weeds are the indicator both good and bad
type of soil depending on the nature of
weeds. Different soils give birth to different
weeds.
Ans. 20. (d)
Exp: These seeds are meant for commercial
production. If it had longer life , the returns
would have been low and farmers would
have never accepted this. It has shorter life.
Though HYV seeds are dwarf in nature but it
requires high amount of fertilisers for its
growth. These are hungry seeds.
The micro climate at the fields is hot humid
due to heavy irrigation and high doses of
NPK fertilisers which is conducive for the
growth of insects and pests.
Ans. 21. (d)
Exp: Bioremediation can be defined as any process
that uses microorganisms, fungi, green plants
or their enzymes to return the natural
environment altered by contaminants to its
original condition. Bioremediation may be
employed to attack specific soil contaminants,
such as degradation of chlorinated
hydrocarbons by bacteria.
ESSENTIAL FACTORS FOR MICROBIAL Alluvium: The material transported and
BIOREMEDIATION deposited by water is, found along major
stream courses at the bottom of slopes of
Factor Desired Conditions
mountains and along small streams flowing
Microbial Suitable kinds of organisms that out of drainage basins.
population can biodegrade all of
Lacustrine: Consists of materials that have
the contaminants
settled out of the quiet water of lakes.
Oxygen Enough to support aerobic
Moraine: Consists of all the materials picked
biodegradation (about 2% oxygen
up, mixed, disintegrated, transported and
in the gas phase or 0.4 mg/liter in
deposited through the action of glacial ice or
the soil water)
of water resulting primarily from melting of
Water Soil moisture should be from 50- glaciers.
70% of the water holding capacity
Loess or Aeolian: These are the windblown
of the soil
materials. When the texture is silty -loss;
Nutrients Nitrogen, phosphorus, sulfur, and when it is sand.
other nutrients to support good
Ans. 23. (b)
microbial growth
Exp: Surya Mitra Scheme has been launched for
Temperature Appropriate temperatures for
creating 50,000 trained solar photovoltaic
microbial growth (0-40?C)
technicians by March 2020.
pH Best range is from 6.5 to 7.5
Ans. 24. (b)
Ans. 22. (a)
Exp: Non-renewable energy comes from sources
Exp: The passive soil forming factors are those that will run out or will not be replenished in
which represent the source of soil forming our lifetimes-or even in many, many lifetimes.
mass and conditions affecting it. These Most non-renewable energy sources are fossil
provide a base on which the active soil fuels: coal, petroleum, and natural gas.
forming factors work or act for the
Ans. 25. (d)
development of soil. The parent material
transported from their place of origin. They Exp: Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a specifically
are named according to the main force delineated duty-free enclave and shall be
responsible for the transport and deemed to be foreign territory for the
redeposition. purposes of trade operations and duties and
tariffs. In order words, SEZ is a geographical
• by gravity -Colluvial
region that has economic laws different from
• by water -Alluvial , Marine , Locustrine a country's typical economic laws. Usually the
goal is to increase foreign investments. SEZs
• by ice -Glacial have been established in several countries,
• by wind -Eolian including China, India, Jordan, Poland,
Kazakhstan, Philippines and Russia.
Colluvium: It is the poorly sorted materials
near the base of strong slopes transported by Any private/public/joint sector or state
the action of gravity. government or its agencies can set up an SEZ.

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