Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Unit 3
Supply and distribution
For tankers intended for the carriage in bulk of oil, liquefied gases and
other hazardous liquids having a flash point not exceeding 60° only the following
systems of generation and distribution are acceptable:
a) d.c., two wired insulated;
b) a.c., single-phase, two-wire, insulated;
c) a.c., three-phase; three-wire, insulated;
d) earthed systems, a.c. or d.c., limited to areas outside any dangerous space
or zone, and arranged so that no current arising from an earth-fault in any
part of the system could pass through a dangerous space or zone;
e) high voltage systems with earthed neutral, provided it can be shown that
any possible resulting current does not flow directly through any of the
dangerous areas.
Earthed intrinsically safe circuits are permitted to pass into and through dangerous
spaces and zones.
System voltages for both alternating current and direct current in general
are not to exceed:
15000 V for generation and power distribution;
500 V for cooking and heating equipment permanently connected to fixed
wiring;
250 V for lighting, heaters in cabins and public rooms, and other
applications not mentioned above.
The arrangement of the main and the emergency systems of supply is to be
such that a fire or other casualty in any space containing the main source of
electrical power, associated transforming equipment, if any, the main switchboard
and the main lighting switchboard will not render the emergency services
inoperable.
24 English for Marine Electrical Engineering 3
earthing impedances are to be bonded together on the hull side of the impedances
and the means of bonding is to separate from that provided by the hull.
For tankers intended for carriage in bulk of oil, liquefied gases and other
hazardous liquids, no current carrying part of a distribution system is to be
earthed, other than through an earth indicating device or through components used
for the suppression of radio interference.
Hull currents which may arise from sacrificial anode protective systems
and impressed current cathodic protection systems for other hull protection or for
installations within the machinery space are not considered to contravene the
paragraph above.
3.9. Vocabulary
alternating current ~ curent alternativ
capacitive leakage ~ scurgere capacitivă
circuit fuse ~ siguranţă a circuitului
common feeder ~ distribuitor obişnuit
control apparatus ~ aparatură de control
cornice lighting ~ lumină de cornişă
crane motor ~ motor de macara de punte
direct current ~ curent continuu
distribution ~ distribuţie
distribution board ~ cutie/ tablou de distribuţie
earthed conductor ~ conductor de împământare
earth-fault ~ defecţiune de împământare
final sub-circuit ~ subcircuit final
fixed wiring ~ circuit fix
fusegear ~ siguranţă fuzibilă
generation ~ generare, formare
heating equipment ~ echipamente de încălzire
impedance ~ impedanţă
cathodic protection system ~ sistem catodic de protecţie
insulated pole ~ pol izolat
interlocking arrangement ~ dispozitiv de cuplare
lampholder ~ fasung
lighting point ~ punct de iluminare
magnitude ~ mărime, amplitudine
mechanical overloading ~ supraîncărcare mecanică
multi-pole linked switches ~ întrerupătoare legate la mai mulţi poli
non-linked circuit-breaker ~ întrerupător/ ruptor nelegat
non-linked switch ~ conjunctor-disjunctor/ întrerupător nelegat
operating handle ~ manetă de comandă
outgoing circuit ~ linie/fider de plecare
overcurrent ~ supracurent
panel lighting ~ tablou de lumini
removable link ~ legătură detaşabilă
sacrificial anode protective system ~ sistem de protecţie cu anod de sacrificiu
section board ~ secţiune panou comandă
spare way ~ traseu de rezervă
steering gear motor ~ motorul mecanismului de guvernare
switched off ~ închis, deconectat
switching ~ comutare, distribuţie
three-phase ~ trifazic
three-wire ~ cu trei conductoare
Unit 3 Supply and Distribution 29
winch ~ vinci
withstanding ~ rezistent
TASK 1. Match the electric system of generation and distribution with the class of
ships. Use T for tankers intended for the carriage in bulk of oil, liquefied gases
and other hazardous liquids and C for the rest of cargo ships.
TASK 3. Complete the table with the advantages and disadvantages of the a-
synchronous induction motor, which is widely used aboard ships, and
synchronous induction motor.
a-synchronous
induction motor
synchronous induction
motor
3.11. Prefixes
Prefixes are groups of letters put at the beginning of words to alter their meaning in a
certain way. The more common prefixes are used to give adjectives, verbs, and nouns a
negative meaning. Here are negative prefixes and the rules for using them with words,
according to the letter these words begin with.
re- is used before verbs and the meaning is ‘again’: redo; reopen; retake; replace;
rewind;
32 English for Marine Electrical Engineering 3
over- is used before verbs and the meaning is ‘too much’: overdo; overwork; overheat;
mis- is used before verbs and the meaning is ‘badly or incorrectly’: misunderstand;
mistranslate; misinform;
Exercise 1 Use a prefix from the left and a word from the right and complete the
sentences below:
Exercise 3 Match the prefixes in the box with the meanings below. (There are
two prefixes for one meaning)
1. do something again
2. do something badly or incorrectly
3. reverse an action
4. do something too much
Exercise 4 Complete the sentences with a suitable verb, using a prefix from
exercise 3.
Example: If she fails her exam, she can retake it in the autumn.
Exercise 5 Use the word in brackets to complete the sentences. Add the necessary
prefix and put the word in the correct form.
Example: The runner was …disqualified… after a blood test. (qualify)
1. Children and adults love ………parcels at Christmas time. (wrap)
2. I almost always find that I ………… with his opinion. (agree)
3. I’m sure he’s lying but it’s going to be hard to ……… his story. (prove)
4. After a brief speech the Queen ………..the new statue. (veil)
5. It took the removal men an hour ……….our things from the van. (load)
6. His phone was ………..because he didn’t pay his last bill. (connect)
34 English for Marine Electrical Engineering 3