How To Make Smoke Detector Alarm Circuitt

6/15/2018 How To Make Smoke Detector Alarm Circuit
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Smoke Detector Alarm Circuit

JANUARY 18, 2016 BY ADMINISTRATOR — 75 COMMENTS
A Smoke Detector is a smoke sensing device that indicates re. Smoke Detectors are very
common in homes, o ces, schools and industries. Smoke Detectors are very useful devices as
the damage caused by re accidents is catastrophic.
Now a days, smoke detectors and smoke alarms are very cheap as its usage is increasing and
cost of manufacturing is decreasing. In this project, we are implementing a simple Smoke
Detector Circuit using simple hardware.
https://www.electronicshub.org/smoke-detector-circuit/ 1/31
We used a Gas/Smoke sensor for detecting smoke. The article is divided into information
about Smoke sensor, circuit diagram and working.
Table of Contents 
1. A Brief Introduction to Smoke Sensor
2. Circuit Diagram
3. Components Required
4. Working
A Brief Introduction to Smoke Sensor

There are two types of smoke detectors. Optical or Photoelectric smoke detectors and
Ionization smoke detectors.
Optical smoke detectors consists of a light source like LED and a light detector like photocell.
The photocell conducts as long as the light falls on it. When there is smoke, the light from the
source is interrupted and the photocell doesn’t conduct.
Ionization smoke detectors consists of two electrodes and an ionization chamber lled with
ions. When there is no smoke, the ions move freely and the electrodes conduct normally.
In the presence of smoke, the chamber is lled with smoke and interrupts the movement of
ions. The electrodes do not conduct anymore. Depending on the type of sensor and
manufacturer, the conductivity conditions may change but the idea remains the same.
Based on the output of the smoke detector, an alarm system can be implemented.
The sensor used in this project is MQ-2 Gas/Smoke sensor. It is sensitive to LPG, Hydrogen,
Smoke, Methane, Propane, Alcohol, Butane and other industrial combustible gases.
It has two electrodes made of Aluminum Oxide (Al2O3) and a heating element made of Tin
dioxide (SnO¬2) which acts as the main sensing layer.
Circuit Diagram
Components Required
MQ-2 Sensor
LM358
10KΩ
330Ω
LED
0.1µF
10KΩ POT
Working
Smoke Detectors are amazing devices as they are small, cheap yet very useful. In this project,
we implemented a simple Smoke Detector Circuit with adjustable sensitivity.
We used a Smoke Sensor MQ-2 as the main sensory device. The working of the circuit is
simple and is explained below.
LM358 acts as a comparator in this circuit. The inverting terminal of LM358 is connected to
POT so that the sensitivity of the circuit can be adjusted.
The output of LM358 is given to an LED as an indicator although a buzzer can be used as an
alarm. The non-inverting terminal of LM358 is connected with output of smoke sensor.
Initially, when the air is clean, the conductivity between the electrodes is less, as the
resistance is in the order of 50KΩ. The inverting terminal input of comparator is higher than the
non-inverting terminal input. The indicator LED is OFF.
In the event of re, when the sensor is lled with smoke, the resistance of the sensor falls to
5KΩ and the conductivity between the electrodes increases.
This provides a higher input at the non-inverting terminal of comparator than the inverting
terminal and the output of comparator is high. The alarming LED is turned ON as an indication
of presence of smoke.
Note
The heating element in the Smoke Sensor must be preheated before it can sense any
smoke or gas.
The sensor gets hot because of the heating coil and it is advised not to touch the sensor
while it is switched on.
The sensitivity of the circuit to di erent concentrations of smoke can be adjusted by
using the POT.
The output LED can be replaced with a loud buzzer for e ective alarm.
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Comments
Manoj kr.Acharjee says

JANUARY 19, 2016 AT 1:25 AM
It is very essential project and very usefull to save valuable document kept in o ce and
others.
Reply
emran hassan bijoy says

MARCH 2, 2016 AT 8:39 AM
its very good project to safe our environment
Reply
Adnan Haider says

AUGUST 8, 2017 AT 3:23 PM
from what distance it can sense the smoke or what is its e ciency??
Reply
Yousaf says
JANUARY 19, 2016 AT 2:48 PM
But Where is the ALARM?
Reply
Anusha says
An led is placed to indicate the smoke..So you can place a buzzer for sound
Reply
hanuman says
you can replace the LED as ALARM(buzzer.).
Reply
satyasainadh says
FEBRUARY 1, 2016 AT 8:27 PM
it sense only smoke or gas or both gas and smoke
Reply
Akash says
MARCH 3, 2016 AT 4:56 AM
Its realy work
Reply
Skanda.H.R Rao says

MARCH 3, 2016 AT 5:46 AM
How to identify the noutch in the MQ-2 gas sensor????
Reply
Anusha says
MAY 13, 2016 AT 2:00 AM
There is no notch in the sensor. The terminals can be interchanged i.e. A and B can be
interchanged in the circuit. Terminals marked “H” are heater coil ends. Even they can
be interchanged.
Reply
Rohit Kalage says

MARCH 5, 2016 AT 9:41 AM
Not working… Both LEDS are ON at normal air clean condition….plzz reply…the components
required resistor values are di erent? Is it 330 ohm or any value?
Reply
Anusha says
MAY 13, 2016 AT 2:00 AM
The resistors are 330Ohms. They are used to limit the current owing through the
LEDs. You need to calibrate the sensitivity of the sensor with the help of potentiometer.
Reply
MAR says
MAY 15, 2016 AT 9:40 AM
how to check if sensor is working ???

and approximately how much resistance is set in poteniometer when the circuit is
working against 5 volts.
Reply
Anusha says
MAY 26, 2016 AT 1:39 AM
You need to calibrate the sensor beforehand using the potentiometer with
some smoke around the sensor. The potentiometer must be adjusted
according to the level of smoke you need to detect.
Reply
Jaimin says
FEBRUARY 7, 2018 AT 3:45 AM
And how much resistace require for medium smoke.?

I don’t know how to calibrate please help me
Jaimin says
But how to calibreate mq2 sensor?
Reply
student01 says
MARCH 22, 2016 AT 4:53 AM
may i know what is mean by the “preheat time” ?? is it means that i have to connect it to the
circuit board for a certain amount of time so that the sensor might work ??
Reply
Anusha says
MAY 13, 2016 AT 1:59 AM
Yes. There will be a coil in the sensor, which must be heated (one end of the coil is
connected to 5V and other end in connected to GND) for 30second to 1 minute before
calibrating.
Reply
Arun Gowda says

MARCH 23, 2016 AT 5:03 AM
I have a MQ 2 sensor on a chip which has 4 terminals AO, DO, GND, VCC… Which terminal
should be given as the input to the OpAmp… .. Reply to my mail plzz…. Email –
parungowdamuldk@gmail.com
Reply
Mohit gupta says

APRIL 9, 2016 AT 9:13 AM
can we get the video of how to make..?
Reply
Abdul Qayyum says

JULY 26, 2016 AT 1:44 AM
please can you send me a video of this project ?
Reply
james says
APRIL 17, 2016 AT 6:01 AM
Am about to try it prototype
Reply
aa aziz says
MARCH 29, 2018 AT 11:55 AM
how did it go?
Reply
alamgir hossin says

APRIL 29, 2016 AT 6:54 AM
thanks
Reply
amado tugot says

MAY 15, 2016 AT 9:18 AM
guys why is it that there are 2 LED? are 2 of them has its own function or they both ON
when a smoke detected? or the yellow one indicates that there is no smoke detected?
Thank you!
Reply
Anusha says
MAY 26, 2016 AT 1:37 AM
The Yellow LED is a power ON indicator while the Red LED is used to indicate the
smoke.
Reply
Jasri says
JULY 26, 2016 AT 10:08 AM
What ic is used??
Reply
vijay says
AUGUST 7, 2016 AT 12:57 AM
Pls send a video of this project i am not getting properly
Reply
Akshara Ajit Sawant says

AUGUST 10, 2016 AT 11:33 PM
why do we need battery in the circuit? can we replace the output LED with a simple buzzer
without any extra components for its connection? Can we also remove LED1 from the
circuit?
Reply
Anusha says
SEPTEMBER 13, 2016 AT 7:42 AM
Battery is used to show that the system is portable. A DC adapter can be used instead.
The output LED can be replaced with a buzzer (It is better to drive the buzzer using a
transistor). LED1 is s power on indicator. LED1 and R2 can be removed.
Reply
radhika says
AUGUST 19, 2016 AT 9:41 AM
can this circuit be used for alcohol and lpg detection
Reply
Apoorva says
DECEMBER 29, 2016 AT 6:00 AM
Yess you can use but it may not give the accurate result..GO through Alcohol
breathalyzer
Reply
Bhuvaneshwaran.p says
what is the fullform of MQ2 & LM358
Reply
EJ says
Can I use a 6V battery supply in this circuit?
Reply
Anusha says
yes you can use…
Reply
Chaithra says
Plz upload the video related to dis project
Reply
radhika says
wat is the battery voltage??and which transistor is to be used if i replace output led with
speaker?
Reply
jerry says
OCTOBER 3, 2016 AT 1:43 AM
Plz tell me how to con gure the sensor pins
Reply
Vicky says
I have a MQ 2 sensor which has 4 terminals AO, DO, GND, VCC… how can i connect with 4
terminals instead 6 terminals
Reply
shreyas says
OCTOBER 14, 2016 AT 2:09 PM
Can anyone send the video of connection and working of this mini project through mail…?
shreyasnatraj97@gmail.com
Reply
elisha raju says

NOVEMBER 26, 2016 AT 4:46 AM
is this equipment is avaliable in the mark ?..

if it available where should i try them..
is there any avalible in the online market?
plz reply…
Reply
Jowd says
How can I replace the output LED with an alarm? Do I have to change its connection or do I
have to add any component? Thanks in advance
Reply
Anusha says
JULY 7, 2017 AT 4:09 AM
Small buzzers should work ne but it is suggested to drive the buzzer with a transistor.
Reply
Muvunyi risuba says

thank u for updating this project
Reply
kage says
MARCH 5, 2017 AT 12:20 PM
how do i wire the mq2? pls respond
Reply
Anusha says
JULY 7, 2017 AT 4:09 AM
MQ-2 has 6 pins. 3 on the left and 3 on the right. Pins on left and right can be
interchanged (both top pins, both middle pins and both the bottom pins). Check the
circuit diagram. We will upload the video.
Reply
aks g says
MARCH 25, 2017 AT 3:50 AM
hello sir, i am also student of entc dept nw i am working on that project please provide mi
pcb layout of that project
Reply
Anusha says
JULY 7, 2017 AT 4:08 AM
Hi, We will upload the PCB les soon.
Reply
ali says
APRIL 3, 2017 AT 1:08 PM
i did not nd any MQ-2 sensor in my proteuios……….

anyone can help me……..plz
Reply
Anusha says
JULY 7, 2017 AT 4:08 AM
Hi, We do not have libraries for MQ-2 Sensors in Proteus. Try to build the project with
physical components. It is very simple
Reply
Sachwlang says
APRIL 7, 2017 AT 1:11 PM
Can i used 9v battery please reply
Reply
Anusha says
JULY 7, 2017 AT 4:08 AM
Yes. You can use a 9V battery.
Reply
mahesh says
APRIL 10, 2017 AT 1:50 AM
sir,plz send me pcb layout dygram..ofsmoke detector..
Reply
Malay says
APRIL 16, 2017 AT 12:51 AM
can i use a 9v battery?
Reply
Anusha says
JULY 7, 2017 AT 4:07 AM
Yes. You can use a 9V battery.
Reply
Luvesh says
MAY 20, 2017 AT 8:33 AM
sensor is not detecting properly. also the two LED both are function at the same time
Reply
Anusha says
JULY 7, 2017 AT 4:06 AM
You need to calibrate the sensor beforehand using the potentiometer with some
smoke around the sensor. The potentiometer must be adjusted according to the level
of smoke you need to detect.
Reply
ishimwe jean claude says

JUNE 23, 2017 AT 7:53 PM
thanks,i have tried to mount that circuit in the printed circuit board,but it is the best one,it
runs very well.but the problem is that,i used level but for buzzer not running.can explain to
me how to replace led by buzzer? thank
Reply
Anusha says
JULY 7, 2017 AT 4:09 AM
If you connected the buzzer directly, then drive the buzzer with a transistor and see. It
should probably work.
Reply
Shazriq says
can i replace the the MQ-2 with the ldr by using the same circuit ? As i know both of them
are sensor and have the same function. And what is minimum input supply that i can i use?
Reply
Amit says
Can I detect water vapor or steam?
Reply
Asmitha says
How to connect mq2 sensor in breadboard ?

will u plz send me the video of dis project?
Reply
Gulshan says
can I use mq6 behalf of mq 2

same circuit ..
Reply
fawzi says
NOVEMBER 6, 2017 AT 7:45 PM
hello
can i use MQ6 senosr instead of MQ2? thank you
Reply
muneeb mushtaq says

please help me that what will happen if we increase or decrease the value of resistors ….
Reply
Meann says
This is a great project. But how would I know if our sensor is working?
Reply
Amol says
DECEMBER 18, 2017 AT 11:02 PM
Do mq 2 sensor have polarity and what does that A H A and B H B means？
Reply
Dontezzi says
what is voltage of the analog out pin of the mq 2 gas sensor when it detect gas.
Reply
Magaji David Gabriel says

MARCH 17, 2018 AT 2:55 PM
Pls can you upload the video of the circuit. and of the transistor should i use when
replacing the LED with Buzzer
Reply
Satyam says
MARCH 21, 2018 AT 2:51 PM
What is the work of capacitor and 10 k ohm resistance??can we work without them?
Reply
Ravi says
APRIL 9, 2018 AT 2:10 AM
The 10KΩ Resistor is used to limit the current through the Sensor (just a safety
measurement). The capacitor is a Bypass Capacitor (it dampens the AC elements and
noise).
Reply
Shivani says
APRIL 22, 2018 AT 12:55 AM
What type of smoke should I use to test the working of mq 2 gas sensor? Can incense
smoke be used for it?
Reply
sravan says
APRIL 27, 2018 AT 3:45 AM
where can i get mq2 sensor for cheap online
Reply
Ravi says
MAY 1, 2018 AT 1:14 AM
Not sure about the price but you can nd one in Amazon or ebay.
Reply
Onwenwa Emmanuel says

MAY 2, 2018 AT 11:58 AM
I’ve tried to build this circuit, but my Mq2 sensor heats when there is no smoke, the two
LEDs are on, what could be the problem, please could you send me the video. thanks
Reply
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6/15/2018 How To Make Smoke Detector Alarm Circuit

HOME PROJECTS MINI PROJECTS FREE CIRCUITS TUTORIALS SYMBOLS DIY

PROJECT KITS COURSES CONTACT US

Smoke Detector Alarm Circuit

A Brief Introduction to Smoke Sensor

Download PDF (Free)

FILED UNDER: DIY PROJECTS, ELECTRICAL, ELECTRONICS, FREE PROJECT CIRCUITS

Manoj kr.Acharjee says

emran hassan bijoy says

its very good project to safe our environment

Adnan Haider says

But Where is the ALARM?

you can replace the LED as ALARM(buzzer.).

it sense only smoke or gas or both gas and smoke

Its realy work

Skanda.H.R Rao says

How to identify the noutch in the MQ-2 gas sensor????

Rohit Kalage says

how to check if sensor is working ???

And how much resistace require for medium smoke.?

But how to calibreate mq2 sensor?

Arun Gowda says

Mohit gupta says

can we get the video of how to make..?

Abdul Qayyum says

please can you send me a video of this project ?

Am about to try it prototype

how did it go?

alamgir hossin says

amado tugot says

Pls send a video of this project i am not getting properly

Akshara Ajit Sawant says

can this circuit be used for alcohol and lpg detection

what is the fullform of MQ2 & LM358

Can I use a 6V battery supply in this circuit?

yes you can use…

Plz upload the video related to dis project

Plz tell me how to con gure the sensor pins

elisha raju says

is this equipment is avaliable in the mark ?..

Muvunyi risuba says

thank u for updating this project

how do i wire the mq2? pls respond

Hi, We will upload the PCB les soon.

i did not nd any MQ-2 sensor in my proteuios……….

Can i used 9v battery please reply

Yes. You can use a 9V battery.

sir,plz send me pcb layout dygram..ofsmoke detector..

can i use a 9v battery?

Yes. You can use a 9V battery.

ishimwe jean claude says

Can I detect water vapor or steam?

How to connect mq2 sensor in breadboard ?

can I use mq6 behalf of mq 2

muneeb mushtaq says

Do mq 2 sensor have polarity and what does that A H A and B H B means？

Magaji David Gabriel says

where can i get mq2 sensor for cheap online

Onwenwa Emmanuel says

Search this website …

Arduino Projects (200+)

Microcontroller Mini Projects (100+)

Communication Projects (70+)