Thestoryo/Hamlet

The guards of ElsinoreCastle in Denmark have scen a

Ghoston the bardcmenrs.Ir lookslike rhe fatherof prince
Hamlet who died only rwo monrhs bcfore. -l'hev ask
Horario.a youngnoblemanand a friendof rhe prrnie, ro
watchwith them and to talk to the Ghost.rffhen it appears.
it doesnot speak,anddisappears from sight.

The new King of Denrnark

Thc new King ofDenmark is Claudius,Hamler'sunclewho
hasjust ma[ied the Prince'smother, Gertrude.He allows
Laertes,the son of his Lord Chamberlain,polonius. to
rcturnto Parrsand urgesHamlelto castoff his mournine.
Hamletis srilldisrrcssed by his tarher's
dearhanddecplv
upsel that his mother has married barelv t*o m,rnrh,
afterwards.He longsfor deathand cundemnshis mother
with the words, 'Fraihy, rhy nameis woman.,

Hamlet's lorying for death

O! that thistoo too sol llesh toutrt nelt,
ThalL)and r.sobe itseuinb a dn) . . .
IInr ueary, shle,tat, and u,tfrolitubb
Seemb mea fie uses of rhis;^orLl.
Acrr Scii

Poloniusbids farewellto his son.advisinghim on how a

young man shouldbehave.

Polonius's advice to his son

l,leithera bonote4 nor a lealer be;
Forloa ofi tosesbofi ilsetfdndfri.n t,
And bonuA s dul\ th, eds ol hu,bart,j.
Thr oboreall. to rhnc mv sctlberruc,
And mustfoll@^, ttsthe nigtu rheda|,
Thoucanstnot fien befalse to anJma .
Act r Sciii

A ghostly rneeting
Hamlet, meanwhile,hasgonero the castlebattlcmentswith
Horatio. Vhen the Ghosrappears,he speaksro Hamlel, as
the spirit of his dead farhcr. The Ghosrrells how he was

l14
 hr\
asks.llrrnltt 1o rcvtntle
murdcrcd h\ (lhudius lnd thc mcctingsccrer
' : i ; . ' . rsks Horrti. ro lecp
i""ii.-ii"*r", ' r r r J. ' r r r h
:"t,;" ' t e n r " r r t h t n r : tr r ' l r Lr \ ( r r
\"uf phil'""nlr\
r ' i , , ' , ' , ' ,i n , " r r ' J I ' r n t t" l r n

l1:
Hamlet feignsmadness
Hamlerdecidcs ro llnd proofof his unclc's\\ickedncss. He
is dclerminedlo kill thc King, and pretendsro bc mad in
ordcr to trick him. Ophelia, Lacrtes'sister,$ho hasbeen
courtedby Hamlet, noticeshis strangebehaviour.Shetells
her father. Polonius,rvho decidcslhat Hamlet is lovcsick
for Ophelia.
Claudius, thc King, is also worried about Hamlet's
behaviour.He scndsfor Rosencrantz and Guildenstern,old
schoolfriendsof Hamlet, and asks if they canfind out what
is wrong with him.
Hamlet soondiscoventhat they are messengcrs from the
Kine. He describcshis melancholyto them.

Hamlet's melancholy
I ha|t of lalc, - htu r.htl.lirt I h]toi! n r. lov ,tll ,r
tn]1h, tngatr Llll dt\Io"t oI,r,:rtrsis; urttl ttrrlr'r'dit grtr ro
lfdr il,\,!. t/l ,A drstrrrolottthat thr gaadl'ha x,Iht drth.
sr,r,rrsto inr a st,'ri/r' 2rrurrnlrrt i ,ris ,rr^/ crr.1l.,rl ..r,rr)rtl.
nt ut, htok !'ou, th$ htuit orfidtsutlt linnd ttttl, tlti\
,natNitdl nal l) t1x.l Ltlth go/d,rr /irr, trlr'. it aput! to
oltto titg k) kb a foll d dttvfunl . gtteatt t)f
|utiouts. Vhat a tLtt oIz'.i,tk ts L! iLttt! Hr- oblt ttl
ttusoit! hLr6t'lnt nlfd.ul\! |t fir1tt, in n]{)rtttt:.hoi!
t\'rt$ dtkl u.lnDabb! h dcndt hoi! likt a dtwL! Dt
affrchllu, hoz. litu d s.)t|! lht h.a.lll ol thc ltr,ld! th':
' t rt :.ht t tlh Ftut q"
Sati;,s,u aw".tl ;.luJt,'.t
ol Junt Aeu slii

Han et's plot to t ick the King

Hamlet lcarns that a group of travclling players are to
pcrform at ElsinoreCasde.Hamlet asksthe actorsif thc-v
the way in which
will add a sccneto thcir play it resemblcs
his fatherwasmurdercd.If Claudiusrcaclsto thc sceneon
stagc,Hamlet will know that the King is guilt-"-.He sals ttr
himself,'. . .'fhc pla,v's thc thing,WhereinI'll calchthe
conscicnce of the king.'

Hamlet spurns Ophelia

'l'he
King and Quccn decidc to seeif Hamlet is suffering
'l'hcy
from lovcsickness. arrangefor Ophelia to be alonc
with Hamlct, but where thc King and Poloniuscan
cavesdropon lhe conversation.Hamlet ponderson dearh
andaskswhetherit is betterto liveor dic.

116
 Hamlet on life and derrh
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\.( I SL:l

I l u n r l c rs p u l n s( ) p h c l i u
s lo\'e Nith arucl r t , , r . i sr.n d , h e
cr-lcs(rLllllt de\0rtr rl lh( c h l l g c i n h i n r .

tl ;
 l l L r L ! r ! . r . L r r .

s'

l\
-.

'l'hc
King now knows thar it is not love that disturbs
Hamlct.He suspectsHamletof cvil plansand decidesro
sendhim to England.

The play's the thing

Beforethe play takcsplacein front of rhe court, Hamlet
advisesthe actorson how to plav their parts.

Hamlet's instructions to the playerc

Stut p dni R) rh. rrotd, tfu :.rah'lk) fu dnut: uih tlts
srffd/ oDrfr.dnf., tltar jat obt\rtf, ot th. nad?st] of
Iahoc: j.r' at\-lhDtEso oi.,.tlanc b l|otn th. tutta!€ .l
ttd]'Dts.|llost tN!, ba& dt fic Jit and . , Las akl is, tu
hold. ds nlrtt, r,ni|or ttl to an r; to sho,i-|,tuc h.t
aLlt lc.t! lt, stonl h.r ou tnas, and tb zq agt utkt bodJ
oI nL tiw htstrnn dtdt r"rsu!. Ibzr,, rl,.\ or.'ddt, ol
.otnt tattl\ ofI. nnnleh nak. thc skitfuttdush. cdmot b l
,natu tht Judicto ! gtl.rt . . . Ol that bt ?ta,-crsthar I hatt
t..tt tln\', a d h.a oLlrts?n& . .. thdr I h.!t. utousN
vn. o[ dttoc\ jo llt4rn hnd natb n.n and nor mad!
Ihtn t.Ll. thl)'innar.d hu a it! $ dbomnlabl\.

Hamlct carefullvwatchesthe reactionsof claudius and his

mothcr to lhe pla,v."lhc lady dorh protesltoo much,
methinks,'is Gertrude'sresponsc,but the King is dis-
turbcd.\Vhcn lhe actorsrcachlhe poinrwherethe l,laver
King is porsoncJ. Claudrussronsthc plav.Frrghrcnedan<J
guilty. he rushesfrom the hall. Hamletis now convinced
thar Claudiusmurdcredhis fathcrand hc is detcrmincdon
revcnge.

llahlet's thoughtson revenge

'Tr
nou ltc z Lt1.u u,httg tiM af tisht,
lYhtnt hut,:h|d1dsj'nI! an.lh.ll its.lf hrtfatt:ft\
otLl
C,tttLrgk,ttu ti:;uorld: rau couLd I dDth hat blood,
,.L,ddo rr.i ,i[.r ]ftsi?frrdsrr. dd\.
WtotLldq dh''ta Look an.
/''::--P-J'--4-- AcI xI Scii

A chanceto kill the King

'l'hc
King norvrcalisesrhatHamlctknorvsofhis murderous
deed.Abne, (llaudiusrriesto pravfor forgivcness
but finds

l19

I
 it difficuh.Hamlet,seeinghim alonc,rejecrsrhc chanccro
kill him. Ifthe King'spraycrsrvcrchcard,argucsHamlctto
himself,Claudiusmight bc forgivcnand rvouldnor suifcr
thc fircs of hell.

Poloniusbehindthe arras
Hamlct has becn summonedro scc his mothcr and shc
agreesthal l'olonius should hidc behind thc arras,or
lapcstry curtain,to listcn to thcir convcrsation.Hamler
speaksharshlyto his mother,threateningher, and Polonius
criesout, alarmedfor her safety.Hamlcr, bclievingit to be
thc King, draws his sword and rhrusrs ir rhrough rhc
curtain.Polonius fallsdcadat his fcct.
'l'he
Quecn,convinccd thathersonis mad,tellsrhcKing
of Polonius'sdeath.Claudiusknou'sthat the blurv was
intendedfor him and insisrsthat Hamlcr lcavefor lJngland
at once.

Ophelia'smadness
Soonafter Hamletsetsout for Iingland,it bccomesobvious
that Opheliahasgonemadbecauscofher fdthcr'sdeathand
thc lossof Hamlet'slove. 'rVhen sorrowscome,rhcv come
nol singlespics,But in batralions,'observes
Claudius.

Ophelia'slament
II u dcadandganc,lag..
Hrdcuda d sant::
, lr ,?.\/,.ud d €1rj:J'lt,n r nrt(
lcr rr Scr

Lacrres, who hashcardol his farhcr'sdealh,rushesback

to Denmark.He is shockcdbv Ophctia'sinsanirv.She
\ l r | j u \ f l , N L r sa n \ i. i n g s . h l i r i o u . , ' f h c "r u r r o u n J r n g . .

Ophelia's madness
rr.rr:\ r,r. ,ll\. ,rdl il, rt rrrtrrilrrrLt: prur . /orr,.
ttntonht' d]td thtt. u td rifs, ,,.{}r4, ,r.rislfs . . fr.rr!
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sii r',r'drn,xf iri)/.rr, h r rh]'itithtrc.t ott Ilhtr n^ fatkt
Llnl
:\cr r\ sc!

t20
 (,li|udiu5 urge\ l.rerte\ 1()rc!cnge
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tr ,i,.!.

'l
hc dcath ol Ophtli.r
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-'!:|' t\.$.
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ii;,'
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Hamlet remembcrs Yoick
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l]-3
 Horltio lnd llitml.l discolcr thNrlhc ftrtvc is li)| Ophtlir.
Hlmlct dcelarcshis lolc lirr Ophclia. bLrrLl.rlcs insrsls
rhal rhe lcncingmlrch llkc placc.

The fatal duel

'l'hc
li'ncing rrurch hcgins.but during ir therc is I scLtlllc
rnd brlh Iltmicr and Llcrtcs rre cul \\.ilh rhe poivrncd
sivurd.'lhe Queen picks up rhc \\'inc mcanl li)r lltnrlel.
irnd hcli)rclhc King cln slop her. shcdrinks ir lnd shr djes
I larrlct picks up rhc poisoncdsword lnd kills rhc King.

Hamlet's death
llerles dics tnd it is clcNr lhrt Ihmlcr. ro0. is ri\'ing.
Il()ritlio \\'itntslo drink thc poisoncdl.inc in ordtr ro dic
rrith Hlnlct. but Hutlct tnsiststh:rt hc rem.In llive to rell
I lamlct'sstorv and clcnrhis nlmc.
Ilclirrc hc dics. Ilamlct lppoinrs lhc \1)ung Nor$.cgiln
prince. Iirrtinbrls. as his succcssorto lhc Ihronc. As
l hmle l dies in Hor:rrios arms. I loratio bids him a hst
larcrrcll.
;\t thel moment. lirrtinbras lrrivcs lrt thc Dtrish court
liom lbland ro lind a scencol dcvrstltion. l'hc plal enLls
nith a tribureto Illmlcr br li)nirbnts

Horatio'sfarewell
('1,/ ,r"/,/,r- ,,r lrrrr,r.
,t rt(flr ji{! rlr,.
.lrJ /1,{lrr,

Itl
 ()f h.lix.rnJ hi' unlcellng
in Hamlet
Charactcrs r . \ t r , n \ c l o r h c d ( . r t ho l
l' ,il.nru' Qn. f.rhll.'. h.
siured il hc rs Itt.ttl Ihmlit
i\ n(n llll |.t\t ner!'n lt'
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i' $h\ he b ,in. .j lhe n](i\l
r n r . f . \ l r n g r h . l r i r . ( u \ e \c r

K1* .Icrrc,l b\ Shrk.'l..rrf

Ophelia
tP (\rh.lir i\ brrunlirl. kmd rnti
I hn1lrl s . n r l f S h c N r r r 1 n n , r . t n rs ' r l
F' . r n . ]. r J u l l l u l . 1 n . l] o \ L n s
d r u g h r . r .{ h , i r \ \ r l h n gl ( i
1t'll(\\h(r lrrh.f . r,l\ r.
\\ h.n. h{{\.\.r. .hr m.fl'
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. 1 .$ . 1 1$ h n n . ( ) t h . | r '
n N . l n . . ' i ' ( r u . ( J l . \ I I r r r n ( r.
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h.r 1rIh.f. Sh. btr(mr.' r
n x l n ( 1 1 c. re r r u r c{ n r i \ . r r \
l1,N(f\ rnJ 'ins\ \ing\ !hLiur
Hamlet i.h1(\. hr..nJ' I hnrL(r'\ r h . l ( N ' o l . Ll ( i \ ( J o n . S h .
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'tuni.h.,i. \\ rrhnnr
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r h , , L r g h r l ufl' .u I . n n u ' r r e n , L r . d r \ r ru . r r ! r . t r h m n s h 1 '
'nrrJnc*. llc 'c.rrr\ rr hr\.
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h.i..ruel.llrdhrrrer e\rf,:'!ll\ \ ! , l e n r $ \ r n g . ( ' 1n u , J I I c A
\Ih hb mtnh.r i d ()th.li.L. l . r J \ f i n l . . rl . . h , ) n c . r . L ' r . i
.\hhoLrgh $. \c. h'nrr\ r 1 ( ' n h n s h r H ( i . r l ( t r . r 1r n d
lln,lr ' i'.rn ,ilJ nrrnhur I
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\lnf,il hN $orJ. rr. $r'r Hb
Ophelia on Hamlet's nature rJ\ r.. (in h({\ .r!!nllt Lrn
o / l l 1 , ? /d r , l , l , i , , , 1 r \ 1 , r , r , i , r / t t ' r t . t t : ' h , i r l d h . h l \ . . U r \ t , i r . . .1 ' \ f r \
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fri!lrrrr.lhr n n

lti
 Ophelia'scry of despair
l r , l1 . , t / , , , ' , r ' i r J , r , , r . , ri Jrl r , l r , r .
1l1r,,r nr l ,l rr /r,,r\ ,t /l, ,rr,r i,r:r..
'/;'
r d . , " , , i . l r i 1 i , r . ,r , l l . , . : r l u r / , , , '

Gertrude
( )fh(h.r ( i . n r u l i cr . n t n . r re \ r l$ , i | ] r . n r
l.rr .h. r. rrh.r llrklr \h.
! r i . \ e ' I ( t r r D l \ . L . h , , r rl r n .
rll.f h.r hu'l.rn,i . dflrh. .r .l
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ILnrl(r \fl\ nrurh \hr .e.nl
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1illehr\ (il $Lini.f Sh. r..r.rl\
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Claudius

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The Kins's love for certrude

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