1

Norie E. Bustamante
BEED-Generalist III Student

Angel Villarica Central School

Cooperating school
 2

Mr. Jovenil R. Bacatan

FS3L Professor

April 3, 2018
Date

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

First and foremost I would like to thank our almighty God for guiding me always
and for giving me more strength to finish task and to make these things become
successful.

To the UMPC Director, Mr. Alberto Condes, thank you for giving us the
permission to conduct our Field Study 4, for the purpose of exploring more about the
curriculum to our cooperating school, the Angel Villarica Central School with the
guidance of our FS4L Professor, Mr. Jovenil R. Bacatan. Sir, thank you for your
guidance and support and for sharing your knowledge with us. This study help us to
deepen our knowledge about the curriculum. This will guide and help us in our
future carrier.

And most especially to Angel Villarica Central School principal, Mr. Rogelio M.
Dela Cruz and to his Faculty staff for their warm welcome. I am very thankful that
they let us interview them despite of being busy. They show fashion in exchanging a
conversation with us while we interviewed them. They perform well during the
 3

interview and they answer all our questions with full of knowledge about the topic.
They gave almost all the information we need to know. Their cooperation has a big
part to fulfill our task not only to the purpose of having an entry for the portfolio as
an output of the study but also to the point that we also learn from what the
information they give to us which is very helpful for a future educator. They share
their viewpoints about what curriculum is and the importance of curriculum in
education.

Lastly, I would like to extend my gratitude to my dearest family for supporting

me spiritually, morally and financially. And also for all the sacrifices, they made just
to let me fulfill my ambition.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Title Page 1
Acknowledgement 2
Table of Contents 3
I. Students’ Resume 4
II. Statement of Purpose 5
III. Organization of the Portfolio Entries 6
1. EPISODE 1 – The Meaning of Curriculum 7-11
2. EPISODE 2 – The Types of Curricula in Schools 12-16
3. EPISODE 3 – The Teacher as a Curricularist 17-24
4. EPISODE 4 – The Teacher as a Knower of Curriculum 25-32
5. EPISODE 5 – Approaches about School Curriculum 33-40
6. EPISODE 6 – Curriculum Development: Processes and Models 41-45
7. EPISODE 7 – Foundations of Curriculum Development 46-52
 4

8. EPISODE 8 - Crafting the Curriculum: The Teacher as a Designer 53-57

9. EPISODE 9 - Approaches Curriculum Design 58-66
10. EPISODE 10 - Implementing the Curriculum: The Teacher 67-71
As Curriculum Implementer and Manager
11. EPISODE 11 - Stakeholders in Curriculum Development 72-77
12. EPISODE 12 - Curriculum Evaluation and the Teacher 78-83
IV. Additional Entries of the Portfolio 84
V. Personal Reflection 85
VI. Rubrics of the Portfolio 86
VII. Self Rating Competency Checklist
 For Student’s Use 87-88
 For Faculty Use 88-90
VIII. Comments of the Faculty 91
IX. References 92
X. Letters 93-95
XI. Certificate of Appearance 96
XII. Accomplishment Report 97-98
XIII. Certificate of Completion 99

I. STUDENT RESUME

Norie E. Bustamante

Prk.4, Aundanao,IGacOS

Davao del Norte, Philippines

09556935049

Noriebustamante31@gmail.com
 5

Personal Data

Age: 32 years old

Birthdate: October 2, 1985

Sex: Female

Height: 4’9”

Weight: 51 kls.

Religion: Christian Catholic

Civil status: married

Citizenship: Filipino

Spouse Name: John Arvin M. Bustamante

Educational Background

Elementary: Tagbitan-ag Elementary School

SY 1997-1998

Secondary: Bentung Sulit National High Scool- Annex Glamang Campus

SY 2002-2003

Tertiary level: University of Mindanao Peñaplata College

Course: BEED- Generalist III

 6

The purpose of this portfolio is to show how far I can achieve the goals in Field
Study 4 in which is to explore the curriculum. It is also a compilation of all documents
and evidences that we gather during our Field Study (Exploring the Curriculum) in
Angel Villarica Central School. We interviewed the teachers regarding their
viewpoints about the curriculum and also to know more about their understanding
of a teacher as a curricularist.

Making of this portfolio is not only for the completion of the requirement in
Field Study 4 but also serves as an evaluation for all FS student on how we
understand the real purpose of this course. And also on how we understand why we
need to do all the task that accompanied in this course and on how we relate it to
ourselves as a future educator.
The contents and organization of this portfolio are based on the syllabus
provided and the entries and evidences are based on the observation and interview
that we conduct in our cooperating school. The purpose of the interview that we did
was to explore more information and gain more knowledge about the curriculum,
which is the main focus of Field Study 4 course.

The purpose of this portfolio is guided by the following objectives:

1. Observe best practices in the effective implementation of the curriculum.

2. Develop insights on the implementation of the curricular programs at

different educational levels.

3. Apply knowledge learned about the different curricular designs.

7
8
9
 10

My Learning Activities
Activity 1
Meaning of Curriculum

Meaning
Designa-

Signatu-
Names

tion

re
1. Ma’am Rosana B. Barug It is the base standard
for learning
competency that

Teacher in should be followed by

Villarica Central a teacher.
School

2. Lani May H. Palacio For her, curriculum is

like a bible that serves
as a guide for a
teacher for their
topics in a whole year
Teacher in
Mambago-B which is divided into
Elementary quarterly period.
School

3. Rea Basister Teacher in Curriculum is the

Penaplata
 11

CEntral backbone and

Elementary
framework of our
Schol
teaching. What is
stipulated in the
curriculum must be
applied in your
classroom instruction.
As to how effective
your instruction is to
attain your curriculum
it is validated by your
assessment.

Activity 2

Meaning of Curriculum from Authoritative Sources

Meaning of Curriculum References

This is defined as organized course of Wang, V. C. (2009). Curriculum
study undertaken by groups of Development for Adult Learners
students. Curriculum is developed in Career and Technical
according to a set of guidelines. It may Education. In Handbook of
be characterized by centralization or Research on E-Learning
decentralization depending on the Applications for Career and
culture of an educational institution in a Technical Education:
particular country. It may refer to all Technologies for Vocational
the educational events offered by an Training (pp. 617-627). IGI
educational institution. Global.

Curriculum generally refers to the Modebelu, M. N. (2016). Curriculum

planned and unplanned experiences Development Models for Quality
 12

which learners receive in the process of Educational System. Educational

their formal or semi-formal education Leadership and Administration:
for the purpose of becoming rounded Concepts, Methodologies, Tools,
persons who can make meaningful and Applications: Concepts,
contributions to the betterment of their Methodologies, Tools, and
society and global environment. Applications, 262.

Activity 3

What is Curriculum?

My own definition about the curriculum is that, Curriculum is what the teacher
teach and what the learners learn. It is the guide for every teacher in every lessons
that they are going to implement inside the classroom. It is the total knowledge that
a learner receive from her/his teacher that can be transferred to learning.

My Analysis

Based on my observation on the answers from the persons we’ve been

interviewed:

First, we interviewed Ma’am Barug a Grade IV- Adviser, she stated that
curriculum is very important part of education because it is the base standard for
learning competency that should be followed by a teacher because without a
curriculum the school was no proper direction and the content of the subject matter
that they are going to teach is not organized because what they teach was guided by
the curriculum being recommended by the Department of Education like for
example the curriculum guide. She also said that it was hard for her to implement
group activity in her section because most of her student belongs to a slow learner
and some of the learners still don’t know how to read. That was the reason why she
only do group activity sometimes since it is hard to impose in her section because
 13

the student can’t easily catch-up the instruction that you want to be emphasized.
Unlike in the first section, they can easily understand the instruction that you want
them to do.

According to Ma’am Lani May H. Palacio, curriculum is like a bible that serves as
a guide for a teacher for their topics in a whole year which is divided into quarterly
period. This means that without a curriculum, a teaching process is not organize.

Ma’am Rhea Basister said that curriculum is the backbone and framework of our
teaching. What is stipulated in the curriculum must be applied in your classroom
instruction. Ma’am Rea wants to emphasized that curriculum is the tool that help the
teacher to make learning more meaningful but it depends on how a teacher
implement their lessons.

According to Wang (2009) and curriculum is the organized course of study

undertaken by groups of students and is developed according to a set of guidelines
offered by an educational institution. These means that the curriculum that being
implemented in the school is under the recommendation of the Department of
Education.

Modebelu (2016) also said that curriculum generally refers to the planned and
unplanned experiences which learners receive in the process of their formal or
semi-formal.

Now, I realized that curriculum is very important for the schools and teachers
because it was considered as the heart of education because without curriculum the
school is not well organized and the teachers, school administrator wouldn’t know
how to facilitate and provide the needs of their students and faculty staff. The school
administrator also wouldn’t know how to manage his school in a proper way.

My Reflections/Insights

For me, knowing the meaning of curriculum is not enough, we must go deeper
understanding about it. We must always put in our mind that curriculum plays an
 14

important part in teaching profession, without a curriculum our teaching has no

direction, no proper organization of the content of the lesson and no proper way of
evaluation. Teacher must know everything about curriculum so that you can make a
good plan for your lesson, implement it correctly and most of all you can do the
proper evaluation of curriculum that can track the learners progress in learning.

As what Ma’am Barug said that a teacher should be resourceful so that he/she
can create a learning environment that is conducive for learning. Teacher should be
more effective in delivering or implementing her curriculum to the learners. Being a
future educator, I should learn more about the curriculum. I must seek more
information that I can use in the field of teaching. As a curricularist, you must be
flexible to adapt the new trends of education. You should be flexible to respond the
changes of curriculum every now and then.

Learning Portfolio

(Pieces of evidences, documents,records and pictures)

15
 16

My Learning Activities

Activity 1
Schools/Colleges

Recommended
/Universities

Curriculum

Curriculum

Curriculum

Curriculum

Curriculum

Curriculum

Curriculum
Name(s) of

Supported

Assessed

Learned
Written

Hidden
Taught

Angel Villarica
Central School
√ √ √ √ √ √ √

Peñaplata Central
Elementary School
√ √ √ √ √ √ √

Mambago-B
Elementary School
√ √ √ √ √ √ √

Activity 2

Why must the teacher be aware and sensitive to the hidden curriculum?

As I interviewed Ma’am Barug, she stated that it is necessary for a teacher to be

aware of the hidden curriculum because it can affect to the students performance in
 17

the class. The teacher should also give focus to this hidden curriculum so that he/she
must find a way to minimized the negative impact of it and also he/she can enhance
the positive impact of the hidden curriculum to the students performance. Like for
example the use of media, it has a positive and negative impact to the students.

ROSANA BARUG
Signature of the Interviewee

Over Printed Name

Activity 3

Tools Used by the School to Assess their Curriculum

Written Test Formative

assessment

Tools used by the

school to assess
their curriculum
Oral Test
 18

Summative
Assessment

Performance
Test

My Analysis

Curriculum is the heart of a teaching profession. Classroom will be empty with

no curriculum and teachers will have nothing to do if there is no curriculum (Bilbao,
Dayagbil, & Corpuz). It is very important for a teacher to learn and know all the
curriculum that is present in the field of education. Since teacher is also known as a
curricularist, this means that a teacher should be master not only in making a
curriculum but also on evaluating it. Teacher should know on how to evaluate the
curriculum.

Curriculum is dynamic. This means that curriculum is evolving and changing as

the time passed by. For then, teachers should be open and can easily adapt the
changes of the curriculum. They should be more flexible in responding the changes
that occur in school. Since the teachers are the implementers of the curriculum, they
should be involved in developing, planning and designing to ensure that the
curriculum is effective for the learners.

My Reflections/Insights

As a future educator, it is important to me for having knowledge

on the different types of curricula because these will guide me when I

19
 20

Learning Portfolio
21
 22

THE TEACHER AS A
CURRICULARIST
 23

My Learning Activities
Activity 1
Role of a Teacher as a Curricularist

Levels Roles as a Curricularist

Early Childhood As a teacher being a curricularist, I

am the one to plan my lessons
Name of Teacher:
everyday. I am the manager of my own
Ma’am Novejel G.Sumatra classroom and to my students as well.I
School: am the one to secure that the learner
should really learn from me and lastly, I
Angel Villarica Central School
am the one who first think the safety of
my learners inside the classroom. I am
the one who will make sure that my
classroom is free from distraction.

Elementary As an elementary teacher, my role

of being a curricularist is that I am the
Name of Teacher:
planner, evaluator, knower,
Ma’am Rosana B.Barug
implementer, initiator, innovator,and
School: writer.

Angel Villarica Central School

Secondary Level The teacher serves as facilitator of

learning as learners perform group
Name of Teacher:
learning activity which considers their
 24

Leny P. Grecia multiple intelligencies of learners.

School: Differentiated instruction is employed
Dimakanit High School by the teacher.

Tertiary Level The main role of the curricularist is

to identify certain of specific
Name of Teacher:
competencies for a specific field of
Sir Geoffrey S. Marfa
expertise, organize these competencies
School: and offer these in a form of a course. It
is also his job to constantly evaluate
UM Peñaplata College
the curriculum by monitoring its
implementation for possible
improvements.

Activity 2
Samples/Pieces of Evidences
25
 26

Activity 3

Research Title: The Seven Faces of the Early Childhood Educator

Researcher: Jill Miels, Ph.D.

Findings:

 Communicator
As a teacher, you must make an effort to talk to one another on a regular basis.
In addition to talking, we need to listen. Listening should comprise half of the
 27

communication process, but it always seems to be less. By minimizing the use of

listening, we send hidden messages to the children indicating that our thoughts are
more important than theirs.
 Facilitator
As facilitators of learning, we need to give up some of the control that
accompanies the traditional role of "teacher." Instead of being dispensers of
knowledge, we should serve as guides to the children in our care. Therefore, the
facilitator is deeply interested in the classroom environment—how it is set up and
how it affects individual children. The role of facilitator is time consuming and
requires additional planning and research hours to seek out the most current
information about children and learning and to reflect on how educational theory
relates to our particular programs.
 Coach
As coaches, we function as motivators who make suggestions, provide options,
and observe classroom activity. The students come to us when more or new
information is required, and we become responsible for developing a sense of
community and cooperation, while bringing out the best in each player.
 Model
This role may be the most significant one we undertake. Today’s children seldom
accept something as fact. Because of the multitude of experiences they are exposed
to at an early age, they seem to be more sophisticated, more alert, and certainly
better able to question adult practices. Therefore, it is vital that we do as we want
them to do. For us to model the kind of behaviors we expect from children, we will
have to ask ourselves some hard questions, including: "What do I believe?" "How
much of what I believe can and should be passed on?" and even, "Do I have
prejudices that come through in hidden ways?"
 Keeper of the watch
We watch over our classrooms and children to ensure that all is well and to
manage the amount of time spent on certain classroom activities.
 Storyteller
Many children come from backgrounds where family stories are not passed on
or valued. Even in homes where children are given rich learning experiences, quality
 28

time and the opportunity to know and learn from extended family members are
limited. If storytelling is a skill that is being lost, perhaps our classrooms are the
perfect arena to reintroduce that talent.
 Researcher
Early childhood professionals are in a perfect position to help further our
knowledge base about educating young children. We have massive amounts of
information about the way children learn, but lack knowledge on how particular
populations react in a specific environment. These things cannot be determined
anywhere except in existing classrooms. Using data from authentic situations will
help build new bodies of knowledge.

My Analysis

Ma’am Sumatra and Ma’am Barug plays a role of being a curricularist. They said
that being a curricularist, is the one who plan, implement, evaluate, initiate,
innovate and write the curriculum that they are going to teach. They also said that
being a teacher, you must also willing to learn more and adopt changes of a
curriculum. Teachers must also secure that the student really learned and also they
must always think for the students safety on their learning environment.

A role of a teacher as a curricularist needs a broad knowledge because being a

curricularist is the most sensitive part of a teacher. It needs a thorough attention and
expertise. But a role of a teacher as a curricularist is not only plays as a planner,
knower, implementer, initiator, innovator, writer and evaluator but also he/she must
consider also some other role of a teacher. According to Miels, ( 2000) that some
roles of a teacher is that he/she is also a communicator, facilitator, coach, model,
keeper of the watch, storyteller and researcher. Being a teacher you must know how
to communicate your student. You must know how to talk and listen to your student.
You must also know on how to motivate and inspire young children to develop a
lifelong love of learning and education. Since teacher is also a knower of the
curriculum, you must research different strategies and methods to establish a
productive environment for learning.
 29

My Reflections/Insights

Teacher is a very fragile profession because there are so many things and
situation to be consider. One of these is the role of a teacher ib the field of teaching.
Being a teacher you should open for every single changes of the curriculum. You
must be flexible enough to adapt those changes. In terms of delivering a lesson, a
teacher must explore different methods and strategies to be use in implementing
the curriculum. In terms of classroom management, the teacher must be organize in
preparing their classroom. Teacher should make her classroom conducive for
learning.

Another role of a teacher is being a curricularist, the teacher should be expert

enough in planning her lessons. The teacher should consider learners ability to learn
and that the lesson she planned must cater the needs of diverse student in a
classroom. Teacher must also evaluate the progress of the learning of their student.

As a curricularist, I perceive this role as a highly organized and responsible role.

Being a curricularist require rigor and giving utmost and significance to all details.
Planning, evaluating, innovating and patience are some of the things that
curricularist should have in order to provides the best kind of education.

Learning Portfolio
30
31
 32

My Learning Activities

Activity 1

Viewpoints on the Traditional and Progressive Curriculum

Name of Student: Angel Enriquez

School: Tagbitan-ag National High School

Aspects Traditional Progressive

Roles of Teacher Source of information and

discipline
 33

Facilatator

Roles of Pupils Teacher-dependent Active learner

Modes of Instruction Broaden instruction Brief instruction

Powerpoint
presentation
Instructional Materials books

Modes of Assessment Paper and pencil test Performance test

Activity 1.1

Name of Faculty member: Ma’am Novejel G. Sumatra

School: Angel Villarica Central School

Subject Areas Taught/Handled: Kindergarten

Aspects Traditional Progressive

Roles of Teacher Teacher-centered Facilitator

Roles of Pupils listener Active participants

Modes of Instruction sequencing Brief and concise

Instructional Materials Books, chalk and board Power point

presentation

Modes of Assessment Paper and pencil test Oral, group activity

 34

Name of Administrator: Rogelio M. Dela Cruz

School: Angel Villarica Central School

No. of years of Administrative Experience:

Aspects Traditional Progressive

Roles of Teacher Only the teacher talks facilitator

Roles of Pupils Listener and passive Child-centered,

attendees performing the task

Modes of Instruction Teacher talks Child-centered

Instructional Materials Books, blackboard, and Technologies (ppt) and

chalk instructional materials

Modes of Assessment Authentic assessment

based on needs and
Paper and pencil test
skills of the children

Activity 1.2

Name of Parent: Jeorgina Escobido

Highest Educational Attainment: High school graduate

Aspects Traditional Progressive

Roles of Teacher Regulate the rules in the

classroom
 35

Knower of the lesson

Roles of Pupils Follow the rules and Responsive and active

instruction of a teacher

Modes of Instruction Indirect instruction Direct instruction

Instructional Materials Flash cards, poster Television

Modes of Assessment Paper and pencil test Drawing, building blocks

Activity 2

H-Chart

Traditional Curriculum Progressive Curriculum

 It concentrated a  It develops the

learning of the learners teachers to have new
by old and commonly strategies developing
strategies of teaching. students learning.

 A traditional curriculum Similarities  Lead the students to be

uses older methods like prepared to all aspects
 Both concentrating
lecturing in a of leanings method.
the students
classroom.
learning through
the teacher
capability.
 Community is separate  Its use some
 It provided all
 36

from school, except for method and technology to be use in

funding. strategies for the learning and teaching
development of process.
the learners.
 they are both
curriculum
 both follow the
curriculum core

 Decision-making is  It concentrated in
centrally based and the development of the
administratively school and students
delivered. learning.

 Teachers are sources of  Provides facilities can

information and be useful in the
authority. teaching.

Activity 3

Viewpoints of Curriculum
Students/School

Progressive
Traditional
Names of

Both
s
 37

1. Maam Jinessa M. Papacoy √

2. Roxane Dumale √

3. Ma’am Anne Lalane V. Maglangit

My Analysis

Every teacher has different point of view of the curriculum. Some teacher preferred to
use both traditional and progressive curriculum, others preferred to use progressive
curriculum only.

As I am asking the idea of Ma’am Jinessa, she said that it is better to use progressive
curriculum in teaching. It is important that students will be the direct beneficiaries of
learning so that the experience will be retained in them. Learning by doing is the best
strategy in a classroom setup. Teacher should only act as facilitators and not a monopoly of
learning.

Ma’am Roxanne also preferred to used progressive curriculum because for her, the 21st
century learners are expected to learn by themselves and the teacher is just only supervising
of what the pupils do. Progressive curriculum focuses on the experience-based learning,
pupils will be graded through their group work, portfolio or output in a certain class.

On the other hand, Ma’am Anne Lalane preferred to use both traditional and
progressive curriculum, because in 21st century the curriculum must be learner-centered. It
entails learning that goes beyond the confines of the classroom. Instead of the usual
instruction being done inside the “ four walls of the classroom”, interactive technologies
allow for exchanging of ideas between teachers and students in various schools in real time.

In conclusion of their ideas, they have a common viewpoints about the curriculum that
they are going to use. Although, one of the teacher preferred to use both traditional and
 38

progressive curriculum but still they have a common goal, to let the learners learn by their
own experiences.

My Reflection/Insights

In my own observation, both the three teachers share same ideas about the
preferred curriculum that they are using. Their intention is to give learning that suits
to the needs of the learners.

On my own opinion, traditional way of teaching is good because this is the most
usual way of delivering the content of instruction ever since. On the other hand,
progressive curriculum also is good because in this new generation learners were
learned best when it is based in their experiences. But for me, combining the
traditional and progressive curriculum is the most effective way in teaching because
there are some content in the subject matter that needs for a teacher to deliver in a
traditional way. It means that not all the content should be learned in real
experiences.

There is no proper methods and strategies for the learners to learn at their best.
It is in the hand of the teacher to plan, develop and implement the curriculum in
order for the learners to learn.
 39

Learning Portfolio
40
41
42
 43

Activity 1

My Learning Activities

Subjects Content Process Product

 Demonstrate  Student groups objects

understanding in ones, tens, and
of whole hundreds.
Number numbers up to
 Students give the place
and
1. Mathematics 100, ordinal
value and finds the
Number numbers up to
value of a digit in
Sense
10th, money up
three-digit number.
to Php100, and
 Students visualize and
fractions 1/2
and 1/4. counts numbers by
10s, 50s, and 100s.

 Ways of
sorting
 Describe different
materials and
objects based on their
 44

2. Science describing characteristic, (e.g.

them as solid, shape) classify objects
Characteris
liquid, and gas and materials as solid,
-tic of solid,
based on liquid, and gas based
liquid, and
observable on some observable
gas
properties. characteristic.

 Demonstrates
basic
 Identifies the
understanding
difference between
3. Music Rhythm of sound,
sound and silence
silence and
accurately.
rhythm.
 Performs echo clapping

 Demonstrates
understanding
 Creates shapes by
awareness of
using body parts.
body parts in
preparation  Shows balance on one,

for two, three, four and

five body parts.
participation in
physical  Exhibits transfer of

4. Physical Body activities. weights.

Education awareness  Performs with

coordination
enjoyable
movements on
body
awareness.
 45

Activity 2

Criteria Questions Indicators

1. Significance How do you know the By following the standard
significance in the content curriculum or the
of the curriculum? curriculum guide.

2. Validity How do you know if the The recommended

curriculum is valid? curriculum coming from
the department of
education.

3. Usefulness When do we know that

the curriculum is useful?
when there is an output

4. Learnability When do you know that By giving them an

the content is within the example that really
range of your learner’s happens locally.
experience?

5. Feasibility When do you know that

the content is within the
time, resources and
When the learners learn
expertise of teacher and
experiences of the
learners?

6. Interest When do you know that

the learners are interested
Through motivation
in the content?

Activity 3
 46

Principle 1: Curriculum Content Sample

Balance Grade 4 - Matter

Equitable assignment of contents, time, First Quarter/First Grading Period

experiences and other elements.
Content:

1. Properties

1.1 Properties used to group and store

materials

1.2 Importance of interpreting product

labels

1.3 Proper disposal of waste

1.4 Properties used to group and store

materials

1.5 Importance of interpreting product

labels and proper disposal of waste

2. Changes that material undergo

2.1 Changes that are useful

2.2 Changes that are harmful

The students were relates the

changes of materials based of the
unstable temperature in our
environment today.

Articulation After investigating the changes in

some observable characteristics of
Curriculum is arranged vertically or
materials due to temperature in Grade
horizontally.
3, the learners can now inquire about
 47

changes observed when a solid is

mixed with a liquid or when a liquid is
mixed with another liquid. Grade 4
learners investigated changes in
materials that takes place at certain
conditions such as applying
force,mixing materials and changing
the temperature. In Grade 5, learners
investigate changes that take place
under the following conditions:
presence or lack of oxygen (in air), and
apply heat. They learn that some of
these conditions can result in a new
product.

Scope General Topic: Heredity

Content, topics, learning Specific topic: Inheritance and variation

experiences and organizing the threads
 Life Cycles
of an educational plan.
- Humans, Animals and Plants

Learning Experiences:

 Students were able to describe the

effect of the environment on the
life cycle of organisms.

 Students were be able to compare

the stages in the life cycle of
organisms.

Integration Integrate science subject with

mathematics:
Curriculum is integrated and
interconnected. The teacher explained about motion
 48

and teach on how to measure time and

distance using standard units with the
use of the mathematical operation.

Continuity Topic: Force and Motion

Vertical repetition and recurring In Grade 3, learners observe,

approaches of content.
explore and investigate how things
around them move and can be moved.
They also identify things in their
environment that can cause changes in
the environment of objects.

In Grade 4, learners now learn that

if force is applied on an object,its
motion size or shaped can be changed.

In Grade 5, this time learners

begin to accurately measure the
amount of change in the movement of
an object in terms of its distance
travelled and time of travels using
appropriate tools.

My Analysis:

In this episode, I learned about the approaches of the curriculum which can
help me as a future teacher someday. I learned about how to indicate the process
and product in the lesson. It is the intended learning outcomes and desired learning
outcome. I need to know this because some teachers nowadays are not fully
exposed with this approaches and failed to aim their learning desired for their
students.

As a future teacher, I need also to plan my lesson very well and it should be
SMART ( Specific, Measurable, Attainable, Realistic and Time- bounded) so that it will
 49

be more effective during the teaching process. In every subject/discussion there

should be different learning procedures and learning styles and the teacher should
set an example for every content so that the learners can fully understand the
discussion.

During the planning phase, Tyler believed that when you make a curriculum
there should be a plan first.Curricularist should identify the purpose of the school,
educational experiences related to the purpose, the organization of the experiences
and the evaluation of the experiences. It is really a big help for every teacher to plan
their lesson thoroughly by considering the six criteria in selecting the content in
order to attain the BASIC principles of curriculum because it helps to measure the
students ability to understand and catch up and apply the content of the curriculum
for the practical purposes and lifelong consumption.

My Reflection/Insights

As a future teacher, I would impart my knowledge and skills to the students

well so that they will have an interest to listen and participate. Following the criteria
of selecting a content is very helpful and useful because through this the teacher can
determined whether the learners learned the topic being discussed. Through
planning, I can demonstrates the knowledge and understanding of relevant content,
disciplines, and curriculum documents thoroughly.

It is really important to understand these criteria, because it allows the

teacher to reflect on her way of teaching. A teaching process where we convey our
lessons to the students and in order for the teacher to be effective. The teacher
must be knowledgeable enough so that they can sustain their lesson on how to
deliver. Teacher should know their subject well and mastered the content and know
how to communicate it to appropriate grade levels. The teacher never stops learning
and growing themselves. They find creative ways to upgrade their lesson plans and
pedagogy.
 50

As a future educator,I will used different teaching methods and strategies during
my discussion so that my students will understand my lessons and learn it very well. I
will give different examples that is related to my lessons during my class. A kind of
example that relates their experiences so that they can get a meaningful learning or
a lifelong learning. I should create an atmosphere that is conducive for learning and
makes the students comfortable to learn.
Learning Portfolio
51
 52

My Learning Activities

Activity 1

Curriculum Model

Curriculum Model Best Features Insights

 53

Galen Saylor and William The curriculum design is
Alexander Curriculum base on goals and
Model objectives, It means that it
is not an accident
curriculum. It is a
well-planned curriculum.
The curriculum really
answer the needs of the
learners based on the
objectives that
encompasses various
skills of the pupils.

Activity 2
Hilda Taba Model

Steps Application to Real Teaching

1. Diagnosis of Learner’s Needs and Expectation: that the learner can learn
Expectations of Larger Society a lot from us.

2. Formulation of Learning Activities In formulating the learning objective,

this must been formulated according to
the grade level handled. This also
specific in order for the students to
learn effectively.

3. Selection of Learning Content Easy to learn and enjoyable in terms of

activities.

4. Organization of learning Content In organizing the learning

content,teacher must make a lesson
plan.

5. Selection of Learning Content Selecting of learning content is by

imparting or giving knowledge and
information within the locality.

6. Modes of Evaluation Groupings, Individual, Oral Evaluation

Activity 3
 54

Curriculum Development Process

4. Evaluation of the experience:

Example:
The students were able to learn and reflect on
their experiences.(performance, portfolio
assessment)

3. Organization of the experiences:

Example:
Youth seminar, Math Club Org, English Club, SSC

2. Educational Experiences related to the purposes:

Example:
The school provides positive learning to the students where
they can learn through field trips, seminars, workshops and
interpersonal relationship.

1. Purposes of the School:

Example:
The purpose of the school is responsible for promoting positive
learning opportunities in caring, equitable manners.

My Analysis

When I interviewed Sir Dela Cruz about his opinion of one of the curriculum
model, he choose the “Galen Saylor and William Alexander Curriculum Model” for it
really answer the needs of the learners since it is based on the objectives that could
 55

caters the various skills of the pupils. According to him that this curriculum is not
made accidentally, it is a well-planned curriculum.

In Hilda Taba’s Model, the teachers should participate in developing the

curriculum because they are the one who implement the curriculum so they must
involve in making it so that they will know the flow of the content of the lesson that
they are going to teach.

In Ralph Tyler Model, shows that in developing a curriculum there must be a

steps to be followed so that the development of the curriculum will be in organize
manner which is very important of being a curriculum expert. The curricularist must
have a good plan first before he/she made the curriculum.

My Reflections/Insights

Developing a curriculum is not an easy task of a curricularist. It needs a broad

knowledge on how to begin to make the curriculum. It is a step by step process in
order to came up with the best curriculum. It also needs a very good plan to start
developing a curriculum.

A curriculum expert must consider the learner as a center in developing the

curriculum because curriculum is being made to serve as a guide of the teacher to
educate the learners and teacher must always think that the curriculum was made
for the learner because the learners are the main component of education. Without
a learner there is no teaching happens. Teacher can’t teach without a learners that
ware willing to learn.

Learning Portfolio
56
57
58
 59

My Learning Activities

Activity 1

 He started the curriculum development.

 He was initially concerned with revising and

improving the curriculum and that it initially be

re-conceived by educators followed by different

fields.

 He views curriculum as a science that

emphasizes the needs of the students. This

viewpoint explains why lessons are planned and

organized depending on the needs of the

students and these needs must be addressed by

 60

 He posited that curriculum is science and

emphasizes students’ needs

 he believes that the objectives, along with the

corresponding activities, should be aligned with

the subject matter or content. For that reason,

department chairpersons or course

coordinators scrutinize the alignment or

matching of objectives and subject matter

prepared by the faculty members.

 For him, the purpose of curriculum is child

development, growth, and social relationship.

He also introduced the use of small group

 61

 He introduced the concept of the development of

the whole child, the inclusion of social studies, and

the importance of curriculum planning in advance.

 He believes that subject matter is developed

around the interest of the learners and their

social functions. So, the curriculum is a set of

experiences. Learners must experience what they

learn.

 And as to the hallmark of curriculum

development as a science, Ralph Tyler

believes that curriculum should revolve

around the students’ needs and interests. The

purpose of curriculum is to educate the

 62

 Taba Spiral of Curriculum Development is a

graphic organizer, which was designed to

illustrate concept development in elementary

social studies curriculum.

 She helped lay the foundation for diverse

student population.

 He described how curriculum change is a

cooperative endeavor.

 Teachers and curriculum specialist constitute

the professional core of planners.

 Significant improvement is achieved through

 63

Activity 2

Foundations of Curriculum Samples/Situations

1. Philosophical Foundations Based on Philosophy, pupils learn by

doing the task.

2. Historical Foundations Based on History, that the curriculum is

the total activity of the child in school.

3. Psychological Foundations The child best learned at the age of 0-5

years old.

4. Social Foundations The child learn to appreciate others

and the environment of learning.

Activity 3
 64

Educational Philosophies

Curriculum
PHILOSOPHICAL
FOUNDATION

 Plan
 Perennialism
 Implement
 Progressivism
 Evaluate

LEARNER-CENTERED

My Analysis

The philosophy in the classroom is to promote learning activities and

enhanced the skills and knowledge of the students, the important subjects to be
taught, the kind of learning that the students must have and how they can acquire
them, the instructional materials, methods and strategies to be used, and how
students will be evaluated.

If I am going to put up my own school, I may consider the Philosophical

foundation to be the guide. As the graphic organizer shown above that perennialism
is one of the philosophy that I want to follow because it aims to educate the rational
persons and cultivate their intellect through the teachers who are willing to assist
students to think critically. Another philosophy is Progressivism, it aims to promote
democratic social living. The teachers lead for growth and development of lifelong
learners somewhat like a learner-centered school where the learners discover their
own learning by collaborating with others. The learners sociability will also develop.
The curriculum should be well plan so that the implementation will be at the best
 65

point that the learners could learner and participate and perform very well in class
without any hesitation and disappointment. Then, the curriculum should be
evaluated regularly.

Historical foundations gives importance like what Weret Charters believes

that the objectives along with the corresponding activities, should be aligned with
the subject matter or content which provides the students needs.
Psychological foundations provides a basis to understand the teaching and
learning process. It also seeks answers as to how a curriculum be organized in order
to achieve students’ learning at the optimum level, and as to what amount of
information they can absorb in learning the various contents of the curriculum.
Philosophical foundations helps student sharpen their capacities to understand,
analyze, and discover their own learning. The various activities in school are
influenced by a philosophy. John Dewey influenced the use of “ learning by doing”, in
which his philosophy is that a learner learn at their best when they actually perform
the task and when it is connected to their real life experiences.
Social foundations helps student learn how to appreciate others and to their
environment for learning.
As a future teacher, I will give importance and strengthen the foundations of
education because it will help the education stronger and provide a good quality of
education to the students. On the other hand, teachers were also have a big role in
order to have a strong foundation of education because we are the one who
implement the curriculum in school. We should provide proper education, values
and knowledge that they need to acquire in our capacity.

My Reflections/Insights

It is important for every teacher to the functions of the foundations of

curriculum development in school settings. Knowing the importance of the
philosophical, historical, psychological and social foundations of curriculum is very
useful to the teacher being a curricularist.
 66

These four foundations of curriculum helps the teacher to provide a learning

environment that is conducive for a student to learn. These is also useful in
managing the classroom setting of discussion in which gives participation and
alertness of the students during the discussion. Their socialization with others and
their classmates were develop that will lead to boost their confidence in front of
others.

Learning Portfolio

Franklin Bobbit Werret Charters William Kilpatrick

(1875-1952) (1871-1965) (1886-1960)

Harold Rugg Hollis Caswell Ralph Tyler

1886-1990 1901-1989 1902-1994
 67

Hilda Taba Peter Oliva

(1902-1967) (1992-2012)
 68

My Learning Activities

Activity 1
 69

10 Axioms for Curriculum designer

Situations/Samples on How These

Axioms are Realized in the School
Ten Axioms for Curriculum Designer
Setting

1. Curriculum change is inevitable, Localization of curriculum based on the

necessary ans desirable. school and the needs of of the pupils.

2.Curriculum reflects its own time. It is a The competencies given in every

product of its time. grading period is measured and through
the periodical test or practical exam.

3. Curriculum changes made earlier can Merging of the local activities or

exist concurrently with newer celebration events.
curriculum changes.

4. Curriculum change depends on One of the example is the on going

people who will implement the change. curriculum of the SPS/IP’s.

5. Curriculum development is a IP’s and Muslims were invited to sit

cooperative group activity. down for the curriculum that will
answer and cater their culture and
needs.

6. Curriculum development is a Implementation of the IP curriculum

decision-making process made from and the Special Program in Sports (SPS).
choices or alternatives.

7. Curriculum development is on going Example of this is the curriculum on

process. SPS/ IP’s which I on going and under
observation.

8. Curriculum development is more Total guidelines of the SPS/IP

effective if it is a comprehensive process Curriculum base on legal basis.
 70

not piecemeal.

9. Curriculum development is more School set criteria on the guidelines on

effective when it follows a systematic SPS/IP’s.
process.

10. Curriculum development starts from It is base on the national issuance of

where the curriculum is. memoranda/orders.

Activity 2

Assessment
/Evaluation
Outcomes

Teaching/
Matter or
Intended

Methods
Learning

Learning

Learning
Content
Subject

 Naisasagawa Learning Area: ESP Group Activity Oral recitation

nang
Aralin 1 : Discussion Quiz
mapanuri ang
Pagkakamali ko,
tunay na
Ituwid ko
kahulugan ng
pakikipagkap
wa.

 Pagtaggap ng
sariling
pagkakamali
at pagtuwid
nang bukal sa
loob.

Activity 3
 71

My Analysis

Before a teacher designs a curriculum, it would be of great importance to

connect to the fundamental concepts and ideas about the curriculum. Every
curriculum designer, implementer, or evaluator should consider the general axioms
as a guide in curriculum development process. It was being stated that one of the
characteristic of curriculum is its being dynamic. Because of this, teachers should
flexible enough to respond to the changes that occur in school schools and in its
content. A revision in a curriculum starts and ends slowly, thus, the changes that
occur can coexist and often times overlap for long periods of time.

Since the teachers are the implementers of the curriculum, it is best that they
should design and own the changes by this means they will ensure an effective and
long lasting change. A curriculum developer must decide what contents to teach,
philosophy or point of view to support, what methods or strategies and what type of
evaluation to use. A curriculum design should be based on a careful plan, should
clearly establish intended outcomes and should equip teaching staff pedagogically.

My Reflections/Insights

As a curriculum designer, the beginning of the learning journey is the learning

outcomes to be achieved this means that both the learner and the teacher are
guided by what to accomplish.
 72

As a future educator, I will always put in my mind that designing a curriculum

needs a careful planning. I should consider that the subject matter would be relevant
to the outcomes of the curriculum and should be appropriate to the level of the
lesson or unit. It should also up to date and should reflect current knowledge and
concepts.

Learning Portfolio

Angel Villarica Central School

Name of School

Differences:
Procedures
Assessment
Agreement

Strategies
 73

Differences: Differences:
Procedures Similarities in Procedures
Assessment Component: both Assessment
use DLL, both
Agreement identify learning Agreement
Strategies outcomes Strategies
and Subject

Penaplata Central Elementary School Mambago-B Elementary School

Name of School Name of School
 74

APPROACHES TO
CURRICULUM
DESIGN
 75

My Learning Activities

Activity 1

Curriculum Design Models Best Features

1. Subject-Centered Design  Subject design is easy to deliver.

1.1 Subject Design  Textbooks are written and support

materials which are commercially
available.

 Teachers are familiar with the

format.

1.2 Discipline Design  Focuses on academic disciplines

 76

 Discipline refers to specific

knowledge and through a method
which the scholars use to study a
specific content of their fields.

1.3 Correlation Design  Links separate subject designs in

order to reduce fragmentation.

 Subjects are related to one another

and still maintain their identity.

1.4 Scrap field  It is made to cure the

Design/Interdisciplinary Design compartmentalization of the
separate subjects and integrate the
contents that are related to one
another.

2. Learner-Centered Design  The child-centered design is

anchored on the needs and interest
2.1 Child-Centered Design
of the child.

 Learner is not considered a passive

individual

 Learners actively learned by doing.

 Learners interact with the teachers

and the environment and has a
collaborative effort between
teacher and learner to plan lessons,
select content and do activities
together.

2.2 Experience-Centered Design  Learners are made to choose form

various activities that the teacher
provides.
 77

 Learners are empowered to shape

their own learning from the
different opportunities given by the
teacher.

2.3 Humanistic Design  The development of self is the

ultimate objective of learning.It
stresses the whole person and the
integration of thinking, feeling and
doing.

3. Problem-Centered Design  The contents are organized in ways

that allow students to clearly view
3.1 Life Situation Design
problem areas.

 Connecting the subject matter to

real situations increases the
relevance of the curriculum.

3.2 Core Problem Design It centers on general education and the

problems are based on common human
activities. The central focus of the core
design includes common needs,
problems, concerns, of the learners.

Activity 2

Perceptions About the K-12 Program

 78

Name: Jovie Mahilum Name: Juann Locke

 79

Name: Gilda Sante Name: Jeorgina Escobido

Activity 3
OBE- based syllabus
80
 81

My Analysis

Learners are the center of the curriculum. The new curriculum which is the K-12
utilizes the curriculum design models which compose of subject-centered, learner-
centered, and problem-centered.

Henry Morrison and William Harris firmly believes in subject- centered design
model which corresponds mostly in textbooks because textbooks are usually a
written based of the specific subject or course. According to them, most of the
schools using this kind of structure and it aims for excellence in the specific subject
 82

discipline content. It is more on traditional approach in which a learner is passive and

the teacher discuss everything with minimal participation of the students.

In today’s generation, most of schools impose the learner-centered design

model, which is the students is become an active learner. The teachers impose
progressive curriculum which is viewed by John Dewey, Hollin Caswell and Kenn
Campbell, Collin Marsh and George Willis, and Othaniel Smith, William Stanley and
Harlan Shore that the students will learn at their best through their experiences. This
model is fit to the aim of the Department of Education that the students must
become globally competitive. It will help to expose and develop the skill of the
students because they experience it in real life. This learner-centered approach is
suit for the Outcomes Based Education which became the fundamental philosophy
of higher education here in our country lately. In OBE it is being identified and
defined first the learning outcome of a students. The teacher should be resourceful
and innovative so that the determined learning outcome will be achieve at the end
of the lesson. He/she should also find a strategy that can catch the attention of the
learner to become active in participating the class discussion and activity in order to
gain more learning. The teacher should also impose learning activities that caters the
needs of the diverse students in a classroom with different intelligences.

My Reflections/Insights

As a future educator, I am preferred to impose the learner-centered design

model . In these new curriculum, many education specialist said that students learn
by doing or through experience. The learner-centered design focus on the learning of
the student which they can get when they really do the task and it should be
connected to their real life experiences. The teacher should only the facilitator of
learning and the students will explore and discover their own learning by
participating in every class activity. They would be able to exercise their own as
constructing of ideas, expertise in any areas of subject matter, shape their own
learning from the different opportunities given by the teacher and it stresses their
development of positive self-concept and interpersonal skills.
 83

The OBE focuses on the product of learning in which refers to what the
learners achieve at the end of the lesson. The teacher should focus on learning
rather than on teaching. It is important that students learn how to learn and teacher
should help their students to understand what they have to learn, why they should
learn and how they will know that they have learned. Teacher should provide
students opportunity to use their new knowledge that they gain to explore new
learning, correct errors and adjust their thinking.

Learning Portfolio
84
85
 86

My Learning Activities

Activity 1

To the curriculum changes

into K-12 a teacher must be
The curriculum is based flexible to adopt a spiral
on K-12 implementation type of curriculum. The
students pace must be
considered.

Decongest the old

curriculum
 87

Curriculum
Changes

Answers the needs of the

Caters the needs of
learners based on their
IP/Muslims in different
skills and abilities when
parts of the countries.
they finished grade 12.

Activity 2

Categories of Curriculum Change Situation/Samples

1. Substitution The problem of K-12 curriculum is lack

of books for both teacher and learners
Replace the present with a new one.
that’s why teachers are just
downloaded their lessons from the
internet.

2. Alteration The teachers change his/her strategy in

order for him to be an effective teacher.
Introduce minor changes or
modification on the current one.

3. Restructuring The principal and other leaders seek out

 88

Introduce major modification of the innovative curricular programs, observe

current curriculum. these, acquaint staff with them, and
participate with staff in discussions
about adopting or adapting them.

4. Perturbation The teacher is ready to his lesson but

then their principal called their
Changes happen within a fairly short
attention to have an urgent meeting.
time.

5. Value Orientation Teacher must inject values to his lesson

regarding to their attitude.
Respond to shift in emphasis within
the vision/mission of the school.

Activity 3

We need to change the curriculum for the purpose of the students

welfare and security to learn according to the changes of time. We all know

that we are now in the 21st century in which there are changes in our society.

We are now in technology generation in which most people are engage in

technology especially the students. This is one of the reason why we need to

change the curriculum that will suit to the environment the we have today.

Every child interest is shifting because of the environment involvement and

society. Curricula have changed to meet the different needs that we have

now. Teacher should know how to integrate the technology in the curriculum

because time will come that all the school facilities will dominated by

technology.
 89

My Analysis

Changes in curriculum is one way to enhance the education process. It is one

way of upgrading the curriculum to create new that will suit to the changes of our
environment. We all know that we are now in the 21st century in which technology is
the newest form of acquiring new knowledge by only searching the internet through
laptops, computers, and smartphones. Together with the new technology, the
educational process is also changing, from traditional method of teaching to the
progressive method in which the learners are hands-on their own learning.

The curriculum change is for the good of the learners. It needs to change the
curriculum to answer the needs of the learners based on their abilities and skills. It is
important for a teacher in this new generation of learners to know and learn how
they integrate technology in her/his lesson because most of the students today are
dependent on their gadget. They preferred to use the internet rather then
textbooks.

My Reflections/Insights

The K-12 curriculum is quiet new for every teacher, students, and even in
parents. The implementation of this new curriculum is hard for the teachers since
 90

their is no books for the basis of their lesson. In fact, as what I’ve observed in
different schools, teachers downloaded only their lesson from the internet.

This changes of curriculum is also helpful because at the end of grade 12 the
students will be able to find a job. This changes will enhance the student’s skill and
abilities. This k-12 curriculum also prepares student for their future carrier.

Learning Portfolio

No Lavish Graduation Rites- DepEd

No Published March 6, 2018, 10:00 PM

By Edwin Fernandez
Cotabato City – The Cotabato City schools division office here of the Department
of Education (DepEd) is reminding parents, teachers and school administrators to
observe simplicity and prudence in the conduct of graduation ceremonies for school
year 2017-2018.
 91

Dr. Concepcion Ferrer-Balawag, Cotabato City schools division superintendent,

emphasized Department of Education Order No. 25 series of 2017 that prescribes
guidelines on closing exercises or programs scheduled between April 2 and April 6.
Speaking over a local radio station, Balawag said it was clearly stated in the
department order that is prohibiting extravagant attire, extra ordinary venue or
making graduation rites an opportunity for political leaders to speak, politicizing the
event.
“We can have a simple but meaningful graduation exercises,” Balawag said as
she appealed to parents and teachers to comply religiously with the department of
order.
Instead of focusing on extravagant moving up or graduation rites, Balawag urged
teachers to focus more on teaching values to children like simplicity and
penny-pinching.
She explained that all expenses for graduation exercises shall be charged to
school’s maintenance and operating expenses and not on contributions from parents,
including souvenirs.
Any contribution for the annual yearbook should be extremely voluntarily, she
said, adding that moving up exercises for kindergarten may be done inside the
classroom.
This year’s graduation has for its theme: “Mag-aaral ng K to 12: Handa sa Hamon
ng Buhay (K to 12 Learners: Ready to Face Life’s Challenges),” highlighting the role of
K to 12 Basic Education Program in harnessing skills and competence of Filipino child
learners.
92
 93

My learning Activities

Activity 1

Stakeholders of the Curriculum

Development
Roles in Curriculum Development

1. Learners The learner is a center of a

curriculum. They are the very reason
why the curriculum is developed. The
experience of the learner’s must be the
starting point in accomplishing the goals
of education, to let them grow in
knowledge, skills, abilities and attitudes.

2. Teachers They are the most crucial persons in

the implementation of the curriculum.
As an adult in the teaching - learning
process, she/ he holds the key in
operationalizing what activities have
been planned. Her/ his ability to
translate what has been written to
action is the key to effective curriculum
 94

implementation.

3. School Leader/Administrator I’ll be the one to lead and initiate in

developing school curriculum based on
the National Curriculum and based on
the needs of the school.

4. Parents Effective parental involvement in

school affairs may be linked to parent
educational programs which is central
to high quality educational experience
of the children. They involved extends
from the confine of the school to the
homes. They provides curriculum
materials that are not provided in the
school.

5. Community Community members and materials

in the existing local community can very
well substitute for what are needed in
implementing the curriculum.

6. Other Agencies Professional organizations have

shown great influence in school
curriculum. They are being asked by
curriculum specialist to contribute in
curriculum review because they have a
voice in licensure examination,
curriculum enhancement and many
more.

Activity 2
 95

4 3 2 1

Very Large Extent Large Extent Moderate Extent Little Extent

(VLE) (LE) (ME) (LE)

Extent of Participation

ACTIVITIES 4 3 2 1

VLE LE ME LE

1. Resource √
Speaker

2. Teacher √
Aide

3. Judge/ √
Coach
/Mentor

4. Donor √
(Instructional
Materials,
etc.)

5. Others (pls.
Specify)

Activity 3
 96

A school curriculum, whether big or small is influenced by many stakeholders.

Stakeholders are individuals or institutions that are interested in the curriculum
development. They are the teachers, school principals, learners, parents and even
the whole community. Each one has contribution and influence in what should
replace modify and substitute the current curriculum. Every one has a significant
mark in specific development and change process of curriculum development. But
the question is “How these stakeholders help shape the curriculum in schools?”

Teachers are the one who plan, design, teach, implement, and evaluate the
curriculum. They enriches and modifies the curriculum to suit the learners
characteristics.

School Principals and School Head should fully understand the need for change
and implementation process of curriculum. They should be prepare to assist the
teachers and students in the implementation and should employ strategies to meet
the needs of the teachers, and students like buildings, books, library, and other
needed resources.

The learners are the core of the curriculum because they are the reason why
curriculum is develop. They make the curriculum alive since the central focus of
making the curriculum is the learner. Curricularist should consider the learners needs
before they plan the curriculum.

Parents may not directly be involved in curriculum implementation but they are
very important partners for the success of any curriculum development endeavor. In
lifelong learning, the achieved learning in schools transferred at home since it is and
extended school environment.

Community is also a stakeholder and play an important role in curriculum

implementation. As the First Lady Hillary Clinton said, “It takes the whole village to
educate the child” means school is in the community and the community is the
extended school ground. The community is the reflection of the school’s influence
and the school is a reflection of the community support.
 97

Curriculum could not be successfully implemented with out the help of the
stakeholders.

My Analysis

Participatory planning requires the involvement of concerned stakeholders.

Every one has a significant mark in specific development and change process of
curriculum development. This includes identifying public concerns and values and
developing a broad consensus on planned initiatives. They have different roles on
curriculum but the only one thing they promote is to have a better standard
education in the future to face the 21st century and be ready for the compete
globally. So, without the stakeholders there will be no education and we are still on
the primitive society.

The teacher is the instrument for transferring a quantity of knowledge to the

growing generation or student.
My Reflections/Insights

As a future educator, I should always consider the stakeholders importance in

curriculum implementation because without them the curriculum would not be
effective to implement. One of the very important in implementation is the teachers
since they are the who plan, design implement and evaluate the curriculum. So it is
important for a teacher to do their best in implementing the curriculum.

In the implementation process, learners are also important, as what I’ve

mention that learner is the core of curriculum. This means that curriculum would not
be implemented with the absence of the learners because the curriculum is being
made to answer the needs of the learners.

Learning Portfolio
98
 99

My Learning Activities
 100

Activity 1
It is necessary to
evaluate the
curriculum to test if
the student really
It is the basis if
It is one way to learn.
a teacher can
measure the
proceed to the
students
next lesson.
learning and
progress.

Why do we
need to
evaluate the
curriculum?

To know if the
To track the students really
learning progress understand the
of the learners.
topic.

To determine if
the curriculum is
implemented
correctly.
 101

Activity 2

Excerpts of the Interview

According to Sir Rogelio Dela Cruz, principal of Angel Villarica Central School that
they evaluate regularly the curriculum through periodic assessment, quarterly
outputs display/presentation, and meetings with stakeholders who will evaluate
the curriculum.

Activity 3

Curriculum Evaluation Checklist

102
103
 104

My Analysis

Curriculum evaluation is a component of curriculum development that responds

to public accountability. It looks into educational reforms or innovations that happen
in the teacher’s classrooms, the school, district, division or the whole educational
system as well. It is establishing the merit and worth of the curriculum. The purpose
of evaluation is to improve and not to prove. It is important to evaluate the
curriculum regularly so that the teacher will know the students progress in learning.

According to Sir Rogelio Dela Cruz, principal of Angel Villarica Central School that
they evaluate regularly the curriculum through periodic assessment, quarterly
outputs display/presentation, and meetings with stakeholders who will evaluate the
curriculum.

My Reflections/Insights

Curriculum evaluation is very important to conduct because it plays an

important role in curriculum. It helps the teacher and program implementer to judge
the worth and merit of the program and curricular change. It is one way to
determine if the curriculum is implemented correctly and to measure the students
learning progress. It is necessary to evaluate the curriculum to test if the student
really learn and to track the learning progress of the learners.

As a future educator, I should learn different curriculum evaluation model so

that I could get additional knowledge on how to evaluate a curriculum. Knowing of
this could be a big help in my future carrier. As a curriculum designer, it will be best
for me to know everything about curriculum evaluation.
 105

Learning Portfolio
106
107
 108

Curriculum is the at the heart of the teaching profession. It means that without
curriculum, teaching will be no proper direction. There is no organization of content that
could make teaching meaningless. It is very important in education to have a curriculum
because it serves as guide for every teacher to make plan, implement and evaluate their
lessons. Curriculum played a very important role in every school administrators since it is
their guide on how they manage their teaching staff on how they implement it in their
school, like for example, the K-12 Curriculum. The K-12 Curriculum is a recommended
curriculum coming from the Department of Education, so the school administrator should
have a deep knowledge on it so that he/she can answer some questions from his/her
teaching staff if there is some part of the curriculum that they don’t understand. The
administrator should monitor and evaluate his/her teaching staff so that he/she will know if
the curriculum they implement really cater the needs of their learners.

Teacher is also a curricularist. It is very important for a teacher to know her/his role
being a curricularist. Teacher must know everything so that he/she can came up with a good
plan for her lessons that she can give a meaningful learning to his/her student. And one is
that he/she should be master the curriculum. It is important for a teacher to bean expert
and master for curriculum planning and implementation.
 109

As a curricularist, it is very important also to be aware and sensitive to a hidden

curriculum because it can give a great impact on the behavior of a learner. A teacher should
must be aware and sensitive to this so that she/he will be prepare in this situation and so
that she could find ways on how to deal with this kind of factor that could be affect to the
learning of their students.

In conclusion, being a teacher in the near future I must be more observant to the
learners progress because being a teacher we must consider first our learner before we do
planning our lessons. We must aware that in a single classroom there is a diversity of
learners, so we must always consider that the lesson that we prepare and we implement
should cater all the learners different needs in learning so that we can achieve our target
objectives everyday and for that we can impart them a meaningful learning that reflects on
their real life situation.

Learning Needs
Episodes Improvement
Exemplary Superior Satisfactory
1

4 3 2
Learning All tasks were All or nearly all Nearly all tasks Fewer than
Activities done with tasks were done were done with half of tasks
outstanding with high acceptable were done; or
quality; work quality. quality. most
exceeds objectives
expectations were met but
need
improvement.
All questions Analysis Analysis Analysis
were answered questions were questions were questions
completely; in answered not answered were not
Analysis of depth answers; completely. completely. answered.
the thoroughly
Learning grounded on
Episode theories. Clear Vaguely related
connection with
 110

theories to the theories Grammar and

spelling
Exemplary
unsatisfactory
grammar and
Grammar and Grammar and
spelling
spelling are spelling
superior acceptable
Reflections Reflection Reflection Reflection Reflection
/ Insights statements are statements are statements are statements
profound and clear, but not shallow; are unclear
clear; clearly supported by and shallow
supported by supported by experiences and are not
experiences experiences from the supported by
from the from the learning experiences
learning learning episodes from the
episodes. episodes. learning
episodes.
Learning Portfolio is Portfolio is Portfolio is Analysis
Portfolio complete,clear, complete, clear, incomplete; questions
well-organized well-organized; supporting were not
and all most supporting documentation answered
supporting; documentations s are organized
documentation are available but are lacking.
s are located in and logical and Grammar and
sections clearly clearly marked spelling
designated. locations. unsatisfactory
Submission Submitted Submitted on Submitted a Submitted two
of Learning before the the deadline day after the days or more
Episode deadline deadline after the
deadline

Self-Rating Competency Checklist

(For Student Use)

I I am I can do this I can

cannot learning but I need to do this
Competency
do this how to learn more very
yet. do this. and improve. well.
 111

1. Communicates clear learning

goals that are appropriate for
√
learners.

2. Develops and uses variety of

appropriate assessment strategies
√
to monitor and evaluate learning.

3. Establishes learning
environments that respond to the
√
aspirations of the community.

4. Creates healthy psychological

climate of learners.
√

5. Selects teaching methods,

learning activities, and instructional
√
materials or resources appropriate
to learners and aligned to the
objectives of the lesson.

6. Teachers’ actions demonstrate

value for learning.
√

7. Determine, understand and

accept the learners’ diverse
√
background and experience.

8. Develops and utilizes creative

and appropriate instructional
√
planning.

9. Develops and uses variety of

appropriate assessment strategies
√
to monitor and evaluate learning.
 112

10. Demonstrates mastery of the

subject matter.
√

11. Communicates clear learning

goals for the lessons that are
√
appropriate for learners.

12. Makes good use of allotted

instructional time.
√

Date accomplished: FS Student’s Signature:

________________ ___________________

Self-Competency Checklist

(For Faculty Use)

The FS The FS The FS Student The FS

Student Student is can do this but Student
cannot learning needs to learn can do
do this how to do more and this very
Competency yet. this. improve. well.

1. Communicates clear
learning goals that are
appropriate for learners.

2. Develops and uses variety

of appropriate assessment
strategies to monitor and
evaluate learning.
 113

3. Establishes learning
environments that respond to
the aspirations of the
community.

4. Creates healthy
psychological climate of
learners.

5. Selects teaching
methods, learning activities,
and instructional materials or
resources appropriate to
learners and aligned to the
objectives of the lesson.

6. Teachers’ actions
demonstrate value for
learning.

7. Determine, understand and

accept the learners’ diverse
background and experience.

8. Develops and utilizes

creative and appropriate
instructional planning.

9. Develops and uses variety

of appropriate assessment
strategies to monitor and
evaluate learning

10. Demonstrates mastery of

the subject matter.
 114

11. Communicates clear

learning goals for the lessons
that are appropriate for
learners.

12. Makes good use of

allotted instructional time.

Date accomplished: FS Teacher’s Signature:

______________ ___________________
115
 116

IX. REFERENCES

Wang, V. C. (2009). Curriculum Development for Adult Learners in Career and

Technical Education. In Handbook of Research on E-Learning
Applications for Career and Technical Education: Technologies for
Vocational Training (pp. 617-627). IGI Global.

Modebelu, M. N. (2016). Curriculum Development Models for Quality

Educational System. Educational Leadership and Administration:
Concepts, Methodologies, Tools, and Applications: Concepts,
Methodologies, Tools, and Applications, 262.

Miels, J. (2000). The Seven Faces of the Early Childhood Educator. Early
Childhood Articles. Accessed on line at www. earlychildhood. com
(8.10. 00).
 117

Fernandez, E. (2018).No Lavish Graduation Rites- DepEd.Philippine News

Agency.Retrieved March 26,2018 from Philippine News Agency,
http://www.pna.gov.ph/articles/1027382
118
119
120
121
122