CHAPTER-I

INTRODUCTION

1
 INTRODUCTION
Industrial progress of a country depends on its committed labour force. In this regard
the importance of labour welfare was recognized as early as 1931, when the Royal
commission on Labour stated that the benefits which go under this nomenclature are of great
importance to the worker who is unable to secure by himself. The schemes of labour welfare
may be regarded as “a wise investment” which should and usually does bring a profitable
return in the form of greater efficiency.

The worker should at least have the means and facilities to keep himself in a state of
health and efficiency. This is primarily a question of adequate nutrition and suitable housing
conditions. The working condition should be such as to safeguard his health and protect him
against occupational hazards.

The work place should provide reasonable amenities for his essential needs. The
worker should also be equipped with the necessary technical training and a certain level of
general education.

MEANING

The employee investigation committee preferred to include under employee welfare.

“Anything done for the intellectual, physical, moral and economic betterment of the workers,
whether by employers by government or by other agencies, over and above what is laid down
by law or what is normally expected for the contractual benefits for which workers may have
bargained.”

REVIEW OF LITERATURE

“Employee Welfare is defined as the efforts to make worth living for work men”. It
suggests the measures which promote “The physical, psychological & general well being of
the working population”

“Employee/Labor Welfare as “such services, facilities and amenities as adequate

canteens, rest rooms, recreation facilities& travel facilities for travel to and from work, and
for the accommodation of workers employed at a distance from their houses, and such other
services, amenities and facilities as contribute to improve the conditions under which workers
are employed”

2
RESEARCH QUESTIONS

 Discuss the effects of global competitiveness on strategic human resources

 Understanding the connections between job satisfaction, loyalty of the worker to the
company, and commitment
 Understanding employee turnover and learning to measure and control it
 Forecasting and predicting the supply and demand cycle within human resources.
 What are the effects of absenteeism in a specific industry?
 How does at-work childcare compare to regular daycare when compared to the
satisfaction of employees with working while their young children are in care?
 Discuss compensation packages and the effect of corporate employee benefits being
offered in order to retain human resources
 What issues do family business owners face in the field of family business
consultants?

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

 To study the Employee Welfare measures implemented by the Sagar Cement Pvt.
Ltd.
 To study the awareness of employees regarding welfare amenities provided by the
company.
 To examine to opinions of employees regarding welfare measures.
 To know the impact of welfare measures on efficiency of the organization.
 To draw conclusions and offers suggestions.

3
HYPOTHESIS

 It helps in improving recruitment.

 Employers get stable labor force by providing welfare facilities. Workers take active
interest in their jobs and work with a feeling of involvement and participation.

 It improves moral & loyalty of workers.

 It reduces labor turnover & absenteeism.

 It helps in increasing productivity & efficiency by improving physical & mental

health.

 It helps in improving industrial relation & industrial peace.

NEED FOR THE STUDY

The need for labour welfare arises from the very nature of the industrial system,
which is characterized by two basic factors, one, the conditions under which work is carried
on are not congenial for health and second, when a labourer join an industry, has to work in
an entirely strange atmosphere, which creates problems of adjustment. One author calls these
two factors “the long arm of the job”, and “the social invasion of the factory”.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

The present study confined to the Employee Welfare in of Sagar Cement Pvt. Ltd. The study
also covered the procedure of Employee Welfare measures implemented in the company and
the opinions of employees regarding the Employee Welfare measures implemented by the
company.

PERIOD OF STUDY

Duration period of work completed from 45 days

4
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Research methodology is a way to system ethically so we the research problem while

deciding about the method of data collection keeps in mind two types of data.

1. Primary Data

2. Secondary Data

1. Primary Data

Primary data is collected from the employees with the help of questionnaire and
personal interviews. The primary data mainly relate to the experience and opinions of
respondents regarding various aspects of employee training and development.

There are several methods of collections Primary Data they are;

a. Observation Method
b. Interview Method
c. Questionnaire Method
2. Secondary Data
Secondary data is collected from the company records and concerned the marketing
department.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

 Project work is done in a stipulated period of 45days, so it is not possible to collect

information from all the available sources of the company.
 Due to time limitation a large sample could not be selected, which would have helped
in identifying the opinion of majority of employees. The information provided by the
employee might be biased.
 The employees may not give their opinion openly due to their personal problems.

5
 CHAPTER-II
COMPANY PROFILE,
THEORETICAL FRAME WORK
&
DATA ANALYSIS AND
INTERPRETATION

6
 INDUSTRY PROFILE

In the most general sense of the word, cement is a binder, a substance which sets and
hardens independently, and can bind other materials together. The word "cement" traces to
the Romans, who used the term "opus caementicium" to describe masonry which resembled
concrete and was made from crushed rock with burnt lime as binder. The volcanic ash and
pulverized brick additives which were added to the burnt lime to obtain a hydraulic binder
were later referred to as cementum, cimentum, cäment and cement. Cements used in
construction are characterized as hydraulic or no hydraulic.

The most important use of cement is the production of mortar and concrete—the
bonding of natural or artificial aggregates to form a strong building material which is durable
in the face of normal environmental effects.

Concrete should not be confused with cement because the term cement refers only to
the dry powder substance used to bind the aggregate materials of concrete. Upon the addition
of water and/or additives the cement mixture is referred to as concrete, especially if
aggregates have been added.

History of the origin of cement

It is uncertain where it was first discovered that a combination of hydrated no

hydraulic lime and a pozzolan produces a hydraulic mixture (see also Pozzolanic reaction),
but concrete made from such mixtures was first used on a large scale by Roman engineers.
They used both natural pozzolans (trass or pumice) and artificial pozzolans (ground brick or
pottery) in these concretes. Many excellent examples of structures made from these concretes
are still standing, notably the huge monolithic dome of the Pantheon in Rome and the
massive Baths of Caracalla.

The vast system of Roman aqueducts also made extensive use of hydraulic cement.
The use of structural concrete disappeared in medieval Europe, although weak pozzolanic
concretes continued to be used as a core fill in stone walls and columns.

Modern cement

7
Modern hydraulic cements began to be developed from the start of the Industrial Revolution
(around 1800), driven by three main needs

 Hydraulic renders for finishing brick buildings in wet climates

 Hydraulic mortars for masonry construction of harbor works etc, in contact with sea
water.
 Development of strong concretes.
In Britain particularly, good quality building stone became ever more expensive during a
period of rapid growth, and it became a common practice to construct prestige buildings from
the new industrial bricks, and to finish them with a stucco to imitate stone. Hydraulic limes
were favored for this, but the need for a fast set time encouraged the development of new
cements. Most famous was Parker's "Roman cement." This was developed by James Parker
in the 1780s, and finally patented in 1796. It was, in fact, nothing like any material used by
the Romans, but was a "Natural cement" made by burning septaria nodules that are found in
certain clay deposits, and that contain both clay minerals and calcium carbonate. The burnt
nodules were ground to a fine powder.

This product, made into a mortar with sand, set in 5–15 minutes. The success of
"Roman Cement" led other manufacturers to develop rival products by burning artificial
mixtures of clay and chalk. John Smeaton made an important contribution to the development
of cements when he was planning the construction of the third Eddystone Lighthouse (17559)
in the English Channel. He needed a hydraulic mortar that would set and develop some
strength in the twelve hour period between successive high tides. He performed an exhaustive
market research on the available hydraulic limes, visiting their production sites, and noted
that the "hydraulicity" of the lime was directly related to the clay content of the limestone
from which it was made. Smeaton was a civil engineer by profession, and took the idea no
further. Apparently unaware of Smeaton's work, the same principle was identified by Louis
Vicat in the first decade of the nineteenth century. Vicat went on to devise a method of
combining chalk and clay into an intimate mixture, and, burning this, produced an "artificial
cement" in 1817.

James Frost working in Britain, produced what he called "British cement" in a similar
manner around the same time, but did not obtain a patent until 1822. In 1824, Joseph Aspdin
patented a similar material, which he called Portland cement, because the render made from it
was in color similar to the prestigious Portland stone.

8
 All the above products could not compete with lime/pozzolan concretes because of
fastsetting (giving insufficient time for placement) and low early strengths (requiring a delay
of many weeks before formwork could be removed).

Hydraulic limes, "natural" cements and "artificial" cements all rely upon their belite
content for strength development. Belite develops strength slowly. Because they were burned
at temperatures below 1250 °C, they contained no alite, which is responsible for early
strength in modern cements.

The first cement to consistently contain alite was made by Joseph Aspdin's son
William in the early 1840s. This was what we call today "modern" Portland cement. Because
of the air of mystery with which William Aspdin surrounded his product, others (e.g. Vicat
and I C Johnson) have claimed precedence in this invention, but recent analysis of both his
concrete and raw cement have shown that William Aspdin's product made at Northfleet, Kent
was a true alitebased cement. However, Aspdin's methods were "ruleofthumb" Vicat is
responsible for establishing the chemical basis of these cements, and Johnson established the
importance of sintering the mix in the kiln.

William Aspdin's innovation was counterintuitive for manufacturers of "artificial

cements", because they required more lime in the mix (a problem for his father), because they
required a much higher kiln temperature (and therefore more fuel) and because the resulting
clinker was very hard and rapidly wore down the millstones which were the only available
grinding technology of the time. Manufacturing costs were therefore considerably higher, but
the product set reasonably slowly and developed strength quickly, thus opening up a market
for use in concrete. The use of concrete in construction grew rapidly from 1850 onwards, and
was soon the dominant use for cements. Thus Portland cement began its predominant role. it
is made from water and sand

Types of modern cement

Portland cement
Cement is made by heating limestone (calcium carbonate), with small quantities of
other materials (such as clay) to 1450°C in a kiln, in a process known as calcinations,
whereby a molecule of carbon dioxide is liberated from the calcium carbonate to form
calcium oxide, or lime, which is then blended with the other materials that have been
included in the mix. The resulting hard substance, called 'clinker', is then ground with a small

9
amount of gypsum into a powder to make 'Ordinary Portland Cement', the most commonly
used type of cement (often referred to as OPC).Portland cement is a basic ingredient of
concrete, mortar and most non specialty grout. The most common use for Portland cement is
in the production of concrete. Concrete is a composite material consisting of aggregate
(gravel and sand), cement, and water. As a construction material, concrete can be cast in
almost any shape desired, and once hardened, can become a structural (load bearing) element.
Portland cement may be gray or white.

Portland cement blends

These are often available as underground mixtures from cement manufacturers, but
similar formulations are often also mixed from the ground components at the concrete mixing
plant.

Portland blast furnace cement

Contains up to 70% ground granulated blast furnace slag, with the rest Portland
clinker and a little gypsum. All compositions produce high ultimate strength, but as slag
content is increased, early strength is reduced, while sulfate resistance increases and heat
evolution diminishes. Used as an economic alternative to Portland sulfate resisting and low
heat cements.

Portland flyash cement

Contains up to 30% fly ash. The fly ash is pozzolanic, so that ultimate strength is
maintained. Because fly ash addition allows a lower concrete water content, early strength
can also be maintained. Where good quality cheap fly ash is available, this can be an
economic alternative to ordinary Portland cement.

Portland pozzolan cement

includes fly ash cement, since fly ash is a pozzolan, but also includes cements made
from other natural or artificial pozzolans. In countries where volcanic ashes are available (e.g.
Italy, Chile, Mexico, the Philippines) these cements are often the most common form in use.

10
Portland silica fume cement.

Addition of silica fume can yield exceptionally high strengths, and cements
containing 520% silica fume are occasionally produced. However, silica fume is more usually
added to Portland cement at the concrete mixer

Masonry cements

Used for preparing bricklaying mortars and stuccos, and must not be used in concrete.
They are usually complex proprietary formulations containing Portland clinker and a number
of other ingredients that may include limestone, hydrated lime, air entertainers, retarders,
water proofers and coloring agents. They are formulated to yield workable mortars that allow
rapid and consistent masonry work. Subtle variations of Masonry cement in the US are
Plastic Cements and Stucco Cements. These are designed to produce controlled bond with
masonry blocks.

Expansive cements

Contain, in addition to Portland clinker, expansive clinkers (usually sulfoaluminate

clinkers), and are designed to offset the effects of drying shrinkage that is normally
encountered with hydraulic cements. This allows large floor slabs (up to 60 m square) to be
prepared without contraction joints.

White blended cements

May be made using white clinker and white supplementary materials such as
highpurity met kaolin.

Colored cements

Used for decorative purposes. In some standards, the addition of pigments to produce
"colored Portland cement" is allowed. In other standards (e.g. ASTM), pigments are not
allowed constituents of Portland cement, and colored cements are sold as "blended hydraulic
cements".

11
Very finely ground cements

Made from mixtures of cement with sand or with slag or other pozzolan type minerals
which are extremely finely ground together. Such cements can have the same physical
characteristics as normal cement but with 50% less cement particularly due to their increased
surface area for the chemical reaction. Even with intensive grinding they can use up to 50%
less energy to fabricate than ordinary Portland cements.

NonPortland hydraulic cements

Pozzolanlime cements.
Mixtures of ground pozzolan and lime are the cements used by the Romans, and are to
be found in Roman structures still standing (e.g. the Pantheon in Rome). They develop
strength slowly, but their ultimate strength can be very high. The hydration products that
produce strength are essentially the same as those produced by Portland cement.

Slaglime cements.

Ground granulated blast furnace slag is not hydraulic on its own, but is "activated" by
addition of alkalis, most economically using lime. They are similar to pozzolan lime cements
in their properties. Only granulated slag (i.e. waterquenched, glassy slag) is effective as a
cement component.

Supersulfated cements

These contain about 80% ground granulated blast furnace slag, 15% gypsum or
anhydrite and a little Portland clinker or lime as an activator. They produce strength by
formation of ettringite, with strength growth similar to a slow Portland cement. They exhibit
good resistance to aggressive agents, including sulfate.

Calcium aluminate cements

Hydraulic cements made primarily from limestone and bauxite. The active ingredients
are monocalcium aluminate CaAl2O4 (CaO · Al2O3 or CA in Cement chemist notation, CCN)
and mayenite Ca12Al14O33 (12 CaO · 7 Al2O3 , or C12A7 in CCN). Strength forms by hydration
to calcium aluminate hydrates. They are welladapted for use in refractory (hightemperature
resistant) concretes, e.g. for furnace linings.

12
Calcium sulfoaluminate cements

Made from clinkers that include ye'elimite (Ca4(AlO2)6SO4 or C4A3 in Cement

chemist's notation) as a primary phase. They are used in expansive cements, in ultrahigh early
strength cements, and in "lowenergy" cements. Hydration produces ettringite, and specialized
physical properties (such as expansion or rapid reaction) are obtained by adjustment of the
availability of calcium and sulfate ions.

Their use as a lowenergy alternative to Portland cement has been pioneered in China,
where several million tons per year are produced. Energy requirements are lower because of
the lower kiln temperatures required for reaction, and the lower amount of limestone (which
must be endothermic ally decarbonated) in the mix. In addition, the lower limestone content
and lower fuel consumption leads to a CO 2 emission around half that associated with Portland
clinker. However, SO2 emissions are usually significantly higher.

"Natural" Cements correspond to certain cements of the prePortland era, produced

by burning argillaceous limestones at moderate temperatures. The level of clay components
in the limestone (around 3035%) is such that large amounts of belittle (the low early strength,
high late strength mineral in Portland cement) are formed without the formation of excessive
amounts of free lime. As with any natural material, such cements have highly variable
properties.

Geopolymer cements

Made from mixtures of water-soluble alkali metal silicates and aluminosilicate

mineral powders such as fly ash and met kaolin.

The setting of cement

Cement sets when mixed with water by way of a complex series of chemical reactions
still only partly understood. The component constituents slowly crystallise and the locking
together of the crystals gives it strength. Carbon Dioxide is slowly absorbed to convert the
Lime into insoluble calcium carbonate. After the initial setting, immersion in warm water will
speed up setting.

Environmental and social impacts

13
 Cement manufacture causes environmental impacts at all stages of the process. These
include emissions of airborne pollution in the form of dust, gases, noise and vibration when
operating machinery and during blasting in quarries, and damage to countryside from
quarrying. Equipment to reduce dust emissions during quarrying and manufacture of cement
is widely used, and equipment to trap and separate exhaust gases are coming into increased
use. Environmental protection also includes the reintegration of quarries into the countryside
after they have been closed down by returning them to nature or recultivating them.

Climate

Cement manufacture contributes greenhouse gases both directly through the

production of carbon dioxide when calcium carbonate is heated, producing lime and carbon
dioxide,[14] and also indirectly through the use of energy, particularly if the energy is sourced
from fossil fuels. The cement industry produces about 5% of global manmade CO 2 emissions,
of which 50% is from the chemical process, and 40% from burning fuel. The amount of CO 2
emitted by the cement industry is nearly 900 kg of CO2 for every 1000 kg of cement
produced. One alternative, in certain applications, lime mortar, reabsorbs the CO2 chemically
released in its manufacture, and has a lower energy requirement in production. Newly
developed cement types from Novacem and Ecocement can absorb carbon dioxide from
ambient air during hardening.

Fuels and raw materials

A cement plant consumes 3 to 6 GJ of fuel per tonne of clinker produced, depending

on the raw materials and the process used. Most cement kilns today use coal and petroleum
coke as primary fuels, and to a lesser extent natural gas and fuel oil. Selected waste and
byproducts with recoverable calorific value can be used as fuels in a cement kiln, replacing a
portion of conventional fossil fuels, like coal, if they meet strict specifications.

Selected waste and byproducts containing useful minerals such as calcium, silica,
alumina, and iron can be used as raw materials in the kiln, replacing raw materials such as
clay, shale, and limestone. Because some materials have both useful mineral content and

14
recoverable calorific value, the distinction between alternative fuels and raw materials is not
always clear. For example, sewage sludge has a low but significant calorific value, and burns
to give ash containing minerals useful in the clinker matrix.

Cement industry

In 2002 the world production of hydraulic cement was 1,800 million metric tons. The top
three producers were China with 704, India with 100, and the United States with 91 million
metric tons for a combined total of about half the world total by the world's three most
populous states.

Modern cement

Modern hydraulic cements began to be developed from the start of the Industrial
Revolution (around 1800), driven by three main needs

 Hydraulic cement render (stucco) for finishing brick buildings in wet climates.
 Hydraulic mortars for masonry construction of harbor works, etc., in contact with sea
water.
 Development of strong concretes.
In Britain particularly, good quality building stone became ever more expensive during
a period of rapid growth, and it became a common practice to construct prestige buildings
from the new industrial bricks, and to finish them with a stucco to imitate stone. Hydraulic
lines were favored for this, but the need for a fast set time encouraged the development of
new cements. Most famous was Parker's "Roman cement". This was developed by James
Parker in the 1780s, and finally patented in 1796.

15
 It was, in fact, nothing like any material used by the Romans, but was a "Natural
cement" made by burning sectarian – nodules that are found in certain clay deposits, and that
contain both clay minerals and calcium carbonate. The burnt nodules were ground to a fine
powder. This product, made into a mortar with sand, set in 5–15 minutes. The success of
"Roman Cement" led other manufacturers to develop rival products by burning artificial
mixtures of clay and chalk.

John Smeaton made an important contribution to the development of cements when he

was planning the construction of the third Eddystone Lighthouse (1755–9) in the English
Channel. He needed a hydraulic mortar that would set and develop some strength in the
twelve hour period between successive high tides.

16
 COMPANY PROFILE

Started on 20-01-1985 with an installe3d capacity of 200 TPD. Promoted by Sri S.

Veera Reddy, Managing Director, along with highly competent and successful technocrats.
Plant machinery is very contemporary and suitable a produce wide variety of cements.

Having lime stone mines of highest quality. Mineral available is suitable for all
varieties of cements.

Inherent strengths are

 Highly competent men.

 Latest generation sophisticated machinery.
 Highly quality minerals.
 Which are the three important prerequisites (M3, Men, Machinery, and
materials) for any good product? (The fourth M being marketing for
successful origination)
From the day one, Sagar Cements is a success storey and stood first in all areas of its
activities, made big strides and grown rapidly in phases to its present cement capacity of
18100 TPD.

Quality consistency is an ongoing activity at Sagar Cements. Top management’s

priority is always to implement new technologies with in a time frame even at huge
investment and to be one of the best quality cement producing industry in India. Management
considers technology up gradation is of highest priority and spent huge amounts towards
latest machinery, systems and pollution control equipment.

The important recent investments

 Latest world best cooler for efficient cooling and better quality( I.K.N.G mbh,
Germany)
 Usage of low ash imported Stone.
 Latest software for process optimization.
The result is Sagar cements industry is of latest contemporary technology not only
when it was installed but also today and known in cement industry circle as one of the highly
efficient unit.

17
 Quality was given the prime importance even during the construction stage of the
project itself. The layout planning, equipment sizing, technology absorption etc., were
considered purely based on quality aspect of view.

The quality control department is accorded highest status in work and produced very
high quality cement very consistently. During 98 an amount of Rs.40 lakes was spent for the
surveying and quality analysis of the available limestone in our mine. This is helping in
planning our mining activities to supply optimum quality limestone to factory; the consistent
well designed Raw Mix is helping in producing consistent quality cement.

To improve the quality:-

 Rs.30 corers is invested towards new machinery
 Works are under progress with a budgeted investment of 5.0 corers.
 Other schemes are also under study.
Cement is accepted and appreciated by many Govt. institutions and big builders. Company is
producing follow grade of cement.
 43 Grade ordinary Portland cement.
 53 Grade ordinary Portland cement.
 SRC (sulphate resistant Cement).
 IRST_40 (Railway sleeper cement).
 Super grade (Portland pozzolana Cement).
 Super steel Grade (Blast furnace slag cement).
Till date Sagar Cements could produce any specialty cement required by the market for
special application.
The following are few of the many highly critical constructions made with Sagar cements.
Bombay
 Vasai Bridge (NBCC).
 Ircon Project.
 Thane crecke (Sulphate Resisting cement).

Chennai
 Madras Refineries Ltd.
 Metropolitan Railway Transport Projects. ( Intercity Railway Bridges)
Hyderabad

18
  Buddha Purnima Project.
 Khiratabad Fly over Bridge.
 Ashoka My home plaza.
 Railway sleeper cement (IRST_40).
Kakinada
 Nagarjuna Fertilizer’s & Chemicals Ltd.
 Kovvur to Rajamundry Bridge – III
Vizag
 Simhadri Thermal Power project. (E.C.C.C.)
 H.P.C.L.Project.
 Rain Calcining Limited (RCL).
Khammam
 Paleru dam
 Singarenicolleries ltd., Kothagudem
Nalgonda
 Dindi Project
 Jhanphad Hydel power project
 Gurrampodu lift irrigation project
Vijayawada
 Hyderabad Industries limited Kondapally.
 Sagar Power ( Narsaraopet, atmakur) Irigation Projects.
Manufacturing process of 43 Grade & 53 Grade OPC.

It is produced by grinding of Lime stone, (Calcareous) Bauxite, clay& late rite in suitable
proportions in tube ball mill to a fine powder, which is called raw meal.

The raw meal is fed to rotary kiln through pre-heater with precalciner system. The raw meal
under goes chemical reactions and reaches to sintering temperature (1350 – 14000 C) and
becomes clinker nodules. These clinker nodules are finally dropped in to grate cooler. Here
the clinker is cooled from 1300 to 100c and transported to clinker stockpile. During the
burning the strength giving clinker compounds are formed i.e., c3s, c2s,c3A, &c4AF.in
OPC43 grade clinker the c3s content is low (45%) and in 53 grade clinker the c3s cement is
higher (50-55%) . this clinker is ground to stable fineness with 3-4% gypsum in a ball mill.

19
These finally ground is called ordinary Portland cement 43&53 grade. 53 grade cement
requires higher fineness than 43 Grade cement to give early strength. 43 grade OPC clinker is
made from lower concentration of lime (CaO). 53 Grade OPC clinker requires higher
concentration of lime (CaO).

Application:

43 Grade OPC

Used for general concrete construction works where special properties are not required.
Its heat of hydration is lower than 53 grade OPC but offer lower resistance to sulphate than
P.P.C.

53 Grade OPC

Used where high early strength are required. Thos helps in faster construction. The ratio
of sand and metal to cement can be higher.

Portland Pozzalana Cement

PPC is manufactured by grinding Portland cement clinker (53 Grade) and 15 – 25% fly with
3-4% gypsum. The fineness of PPC in higher to OPC cements.

Application

Super grade produces low heat of hydration than 43 grade OPC cements. And greater
resistance to the attack of aggressive waters then normal Portland cements. So minimum
water required for curing than others cements. It reduces the leaching of calcium hydroxide
liberated during the hydration of cement. One of the important reasons for using pozzolzna
cements has been the increased resistance they offer to attack by chemical agencies and
particularly seawater.

Its initial strength may be lower but later strength is higher than normal OPC. Its
superior properties are the cause for its present day world wide popularity. Its high resistance
and low porosity mad this grade of cement to be very good to constructions in general and
highly durable even in coastal areas.

Sagar Priya Special Grade, IRST_40

20
 Sagar Priya Special Grade ordinary Portland cement confirming to IRST – 40 of Indian
Railways is made my Sagar cements limited which is having full facilities to produce
consistent quality to give better strength.

The minimum strength after 7 days id maintained more than IRS T-40 standard with 43
Mpa and are progressively increased the 7 days strength.

The magnesia content in the lime stone of our mines is below 1% hence the concrete
products made out off this cement are sound.

The fineness of cement manufactures is consistently above 380M2/Kg. this is achieved

due to closed circuit grinding method using O-sepa technology, which eliminates higher size
particles completely.

Sagar Priya cements works has been inspected by RDSO, LUCKNOW and approved
our process and facilities. The cement made as per IRS T-40/1985 is tested by Railway
institute of technical and Economical services and recommended to supply for manufacturing
process of concrete sleepers.

Sagar Priya Sulphate Resisting Portland cement

Sagar Priya Sulphate cement generally knows as SRC made to IS, BS & ASTM
standards.

Selection of limestone in our mining area through surveying, core drilling and sample
collection of stone. Separate silo is required to store SRC raw meal iron ore fines from
Bellary are to be mixed in the raw mill process. Raw meal sample will be checked
thoroughly.

After confirming to the suitability then only passed to feed to kiln. For manufacturing
of SRC clinker low ash Stone is required (25-27%) for reducing the alumina content.

High blain (3000m2/kg) of cement is to be maintained and separates silo is required to

store the SRC.

The sulphate resisting properties in SRC are developed by restricting the C3A content
to below 5%. So there is no 0 excess C3A left to react with sulphates. Low heat of hydration,
less risk of the 3 rmal shrinkage.

21
Applications

SRC can be used in costal areas. Dockyards, Bridges , aqua farm tanks, sewerage and
effluent- carrying drains it will protects the structure from sulphate attacks. Suitable for
massive constructions suitable where soils having higher percentage of water soluble
sulphates, i.e. more than 0.5% at seashore. Penetration of sulphate ions into concrete made
with OPc can result in scaling and ultimately in some circumstances to complete
disintegration.

Storage at the construction site

Cement which is stored unprotected for any considerable length of time absorbs
moisture causing lumps formation and resulting in a loss of hardening capacity. So long as
the lumps are easily crumbled between the fingers the strength will not be seriously affected.
If the cement is not properly stored at the construction site, about 10% of strength is lot in a
month’s time. So the period of storage should always be kept as a short as possible.

Leakage: - No Proper Vibration of Concrete.

Cracks: - Settlement of foundations.

Cement & Concrete

Concrete is composed of a course aggregate forming the bulk of the mix, a fine
aggregate filling the voids between, and cement and water to bond the whole together. The
sand, or fine aggregate, and cement may together be regarded as a mortar in which the coarse
aggregate is set. The properties of the concrete depend primarily on the quality and amount of
this interstitial mortar and only secondarily on the coarse aggregate.

As per specification sand contain 5 to 50% of material passing on 52 sieve, the

maximum at 30 % the main bulk of the sand, which lies between a no 52 sieve and a 3/16
inch mesh should contain particles of varying size and does not consist predominantly of any
one size.

The proportions of cement and aggregate in concrete and expressed as one (1) cement.
X fine aggregate y coarse aggregate by volume or by weight, or alternatively as the weight of
cement per unit volume of mixed concrete.

22
 The proper ties of the cement- sand motor, which binds the coarse aggregate together,
depends on the proportion of cement it contains the amount of water used, and on the fitness
of the sand. The finer the sand, the greater is the surface area it possesses, and hence the
larger the proportion of cement required to cover that surface. This is one reason why sand
should not be excessively fine and contain much material passing a 100 – mesh. An increase
in the amount of water above that necessary to give a workable mix renders the mortar
weaker and more permeable and increases the volume of voids which will be left empty when
the concrete dries out and excess water is removed. If the proportion of the sand in concrete is
not sufficient, then is if the mix is “ over Sand” the fragments of coarse aggregate will be
separated more than necessary by the excess mortar and the mortar itself will be leaner in
cement.

The coarse aggregate in concrete is normally quite insert and impermeable and it is the
cement mortar which is the point of attack by most destructive agencies, and which forms the
channel by which water can permeate in to the concrete.

The presence of an excess of this mortar in a weaker condition tends therefore type
lower the resistance of the concrete to attack. The proportion of sand required decreases as
the maximum size of the coarse aggregate increases. As a rough working role about 30 -40%
by volume of the aggregate should consist of sand when the maximum size of coarse
aggregate is ¾ inch, but this proportion has to be adjusted to suit the particular aggregates
used.

The use seawater is reinforced concrete should be avoided for increases the risk of
corrosion of reinforcement. It must never be used for mixing high alumina cement as it has a
very adverse effect on the strength.

The mixing and placing of concrete also play an important part in determining the
quality of the product. The ease with which concrete can be placed depends on the
workability of the max. The workability of concrete is measured by various tests such as the
slump test. The workability of concrete is influenced by the type and grading of the aggregate
as well as other factors.

The amount of water required of produce a given slump in a concrete mix increases
with the temperature of the mix. This increase from 60-100f raise the water requirement by

23
the order of 10% this results in a lower ultimate strength and increase in the subsequent
drying shrinkage.

Concrete can be damaged by lack of proper curing. It is essential for the development
of high strength that the concrete should be kept moist for a period and nor allowed to dry out
rapidly.

Once a concrete has been cured under moist condition for a sufficient period, its
resistance to attack by chemical action is increased by allowing it to remain in air and dry out.
A film of calcium carbonate forms over the surface of the material, blocking the pores and
producing a hard and dense surface skin.

And additional factor is involved in reinforced concrete where steel bars are embedded
in the material. The function of the concrete here is not only to provide a medium to with
stand the compressive stresses to which the reinforced concrete member may be subject, but
also to protect the steel reinforcement against corrosion. Any corrosion of the reinforcement
result in the formation of a film of iron oxide over the metal occupying a volume about 2.2
times that of the iron from which it is formed. The expansion which thus occurs results
eventually in the flaking off or cricking of the concrete overlies it. The corrosion hence
damages not only the steel but also the concrete. The degree of protection afforded to the
reinforcement depends on the impermeability and thickness of the concrete covering it.
Reinforced concrete, which is exposed to seawater. Reinforced concrete members may show
the cracks arising from deflection under load (or) from shrinkage of concrete.

Failures in Concrete Structure

Failures in concrete may be assigned three general causes.
 Unsuitable materials.
 Error in preparation, placing curing.
 Exposure to natural or artificial destructive agents.
Unsuitable materials
Unsuitable materials group defective cements, defective aggregates, and incorrect
proportions of cement and insufficient entrained air to give the required frost resistance and
excessive additions of admixtures.

24
Error in preparation, placing curing

Poor mixing and the use of too wet or dry mixes with the accompanying troubles of
segregation, the last being aggravated by insufficient ramming. Bad jointing two days work,
inadequate curing may also be grouped under this head.

This shape of the voids present in a fractured surface may give some indication of the
consistence of the mix. Small double holes with smooth surface and spherical shape are
characteristic or rather wet mixers, while the presence of numerous voids of irregular shape
and an uneven distribution of the fine aggregate indicates the use of a mix which has been too
dry for the degree of ramming employed. Bad grading of the aggregates is also usually
indicated by the appearance of the fractured surface.

Aggregates

Concrete or mortar is made up of cement, water, and aggregates (store chips and sand)
and at times chemical additives. The aggregates, fine (sand) and coarse (stone chips) make up
about 75 % of the volume of concrete. Generally sp. Gravity of aggregates 2.4 and 2.90.

The aggregates from main matrix of the concrete or mortar. The aggregate particles are
hold together by cement matrix, formed out of the past of cement. While the coarse
aggregates from the main matrix, the fine aggregates from the filler matrix between the
coarse aggregates. With cement and water the entire matrix binds together into a solid mass
called concrete. The aggregates may be igneous (granite or basalt) of sedimentary (Lime
stone, etc,) rock.

25
Selections Factors of Aggregates

Sl.No Factors Influence of concrete property

1. Specific Gravity Strength/absorption
2. Chemical stability Durability
3. Surface texture Bond grip
4. Shape Water demand(strength)
5. Gradation or particle Water demand(strength)
6. Size distribution Bleeding and segregation
7. Maximum size Strength
8. Deleterious materials Water demand bound cohesion and durability.

Quality of Aggregate
The presence of clay, dust, slit or mud in aggregates beyond the permissible limits is
harmful, because it results in production of lower strength concrete. Generally grit and dust
portions of the aggregate will cause an increase in water demand and subsequent drop in
concrete strengths.

26
 THEORETICAL FRAMEWORK
Human resource management means employing people, developing their resources,
utilizing, maintaining and compensating their services in force with the job and
organizational requirements with a view to contribute to the goals of the organization,
individual and the society.

Personnel management may be defined as the field of management which has to do

with Planning, organizing, directing and controlling the functions of procuring, developing,
maintaining and utilizing a labour force, such that the

Objectives for which the company is established are attained economically and
effectively.

Objectives of all levels of personnel are served to the highest possible degree.
Objectives of society are duly considered and served

Michael J. Jucius

“Human resource management can be defined as managing (planning, organizing,

directing and controlling) the functions of employing, developing and compensating human
resources resulting in the creation and development of human relations with a view to
contribute proportionately to the organizational, individual and social goals”.

27
FUNCTIONS of HRM

Functions of HRM

Operative Functions
Managerial Functions

Employment
Planning
Human Resources
Organizing Development

Compensation
Directing
Human Relations
Controlling
Industrial Relations

Recent Trends in
HRM

The functions of HRM can be broadly classified into two categories

1) Managerial Functions

2) Operative Functions

28
I. MANAGERIAL FUNCTIONS

Managerial functions of personnel management involve planning, organizing,

directing and controlling. All these functions influence the operative functions.

PLANNING
If is a pre-determined course of action, planning pertains to formulating strategies of
personnel programmes and changes in advance that will contribute to the organizational
goals. In other words if involves planning of human resources, requirements, recruitment,
selection, training etc.,

ORGANIZING
An organization is a means to an end. It is essential to carry out the determined course
of action. In other words of J.C. Massie, an organization is a “Structure and a process by
which a co-operative group of human beings allocates its task among its members identifies
relationships and integrates its activities towards a common objective”. Complex
relationships exist between the specialized departments and the general departments as many
top managers are seeking the advice of the personnel manager.

DIRECTING
The next logical function after completing planning and organizing is the execution of
the plan. The basic function of personnel management at any level is motivating,
commanding, leading and activating people. The willing and effective co-operation of
employees for the attainment of organizational goal is possible through proper direction.

CONTROLLING
After planning, organizing and directing various activities of personnel management,
the performance is to be verified in order to know that the personnel functions are performed
in conformity with the plans and directions of an organization, controlling also involves
checking, verifying and comparing of actual with the plans, identification of deviations if any
and correcting of identified deviations.

29
II. OPERATIVE FUNCTIONS

The Operative functions of human resource management are related to specific

activities of personnel management employment, development, compensation and relations.
All these functions are interacted with managerial functions.

EMPLOYMENT

It is the first operative function of human resource management (HRM). Employment

is concerned with securing and employing the people possessing the required kind and level
of human resources necessary to achieve the organizational objectives. If covers functions
such as job analysis, human resource planning, recruitment, selection, placement, induction
and internal mobility.

HUMANA RESOURCE DEVELOPMENT

If is the process of improving moulding and changing the skills, knowledge, creative
ability, aptitude, attitude, values, commitment etc., based on present and future job and
organizational requirements. The functions include are performance appraisal, training,
management development, career planning and development, internal mobility, transfer,
promotion, demotion, change and organization development.

COMPENSATIONS

It is the process of providing adequate, equitable and fair remuneration to the

employees. If includes job evaluation, wage and salary administration, incentives, bonus,
fringe benefits, social security measures etc.,

HUMAN RELATIONS

Practicing various human resources policies and programmes like employment,

development and compensation and interaction among employees create a sense of
relationship between the individual worker and management, among workers and trade
unions and the management. Human relations in an area of management.

INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS

Industrial relations refer to the study of relations among employees, employer,

government and trade unions. Industrial relations include.

30
Indian labour market
Trade Unionism
Collective bargaining
Industrial conflicts
Workers participation in management
Quality circle
vi) Recent Trends in HRM:

Human Resource Management has advancing at a fast rate.

The recent trends in HRM include:
Quality of work life
Total quality in human resources
HR accounting audit and research
Recent Techniques of HRM

Scope of Human Resource Managements

The scope of human resource management in the modern days is vast. infact, the
scope of HRM was limited to employment and maintenance of and payment of wage and
salary. The scope gradually enlarged to providing welfare facilities, motivation, performance
appraisal, human resource management, maintenance of human relations, strategic human
resource and the like. The scope has been continuously enlarging.

The scope of Human Resources Management includes

Objectives of HRM
Organization of HRM
Strategic HRM
Employment
Development
Wage and salary administration
Maintenance
Motivation
Industrial Relations
Participative management
Recent development in HRM

31
 Objectives of Human Resource Management
|
Objectives and organization of HRM
|
Strategic HRM
|
Employment

Job design and analysis

Human Resources Planning

Recruitment and Selection

HUMAN RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT

Performance appraisal
Training and development
Career planning and development
Promotion, transfer and demotion
Absenteeism and labour for nover
Management of change, development and culture

COMPENSATION MANAGEMENT
Job Evaluation
Wage and Salary administration
Social Security and welfare
HUMAN RELATIONS
Motivation and job satisfaction
Morale
Communication
Leadership
Work environment, Industrial accidents, safety and health

32
Industrial Relations
Indian labour market
Industrial relations
Trade Unionism
Collective Bargaining
Industrial conflicts
Workers participation in management and quality circle
Recent Trends in HRM
Quality of work life and empowerment
Total quality HRM
HR accounting, audit and research
Recent techniques in HRM

33
 DATA ANALYSIS & INTERPRETATIONS

1. Are you aware about welfare facilities provided in your organization?

TABLE-4.1

S.No FACTORS RESPONDENTS

1 Yes 80

2 No 20

3 None 0

4 Total 100

Source: - Questionnaire

CHART-4.1

INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis it is observed that 80% of respondent are aware about
welfare facilities and 20% of respondents are not having any awareness about welfare
facilities in the organization.

2. Do you think the welfare facilities are useful in improving employee’s performance?

TABLE-4.2

34
 S.No FACTORS RESPONDENTS

1 Yes 80

2 No 20

3 None 0

4 Total 100

Source : - Questionnaire

CHART-4.2

INTERPRETATION:

It is observed that 80% of respondents think that welfare facilities are useful in
improving employee’s performance and 20% of respondents said that it is not useful in
improving the performance of employee’s

3. Are you satisfied with the drinking water facilities?

TABLE-4.3

35
 S. No FACTORS RESPONDENTS

1 Highly Satisfied 30

2 Moderately Satisfied 52

3 Dissatisfied 18

4 Total 100

Source : - Questionnaire

CHART-4.3
INTERPRETATION:
From the above analysis 52% of the respondents are moderately satisfied with

drinking water facilities, 30% of the respondents are highly satisfied,18% of the respondents
are dissatisfied.

4. What is your opinion on canteen facilities?

TABLE-4.4

S.No FACTORS RESPONDENTS

1 Highly Satisfied 8

2 Moderately Satisfied 44

36
 3 Dissatisfied 48

4 Total 100

Source : - Questionnaire

CHART-4.4

INTERPRETATION:

From the above chart it is observed that 48% of respondents are dissatisfied with
canteen facilities because of improper services, 44% of respondents are moderately satisfied
and 8% of respondents are highly satisfied.

5. What is your opinion on lunch and rest room facilities?

TABLE-4.5

S.No Factors Respondents

1 Very good 15

2 Good 25

3 Bad 40

4 Very bad 20

5 Total 100
37
Source: - Questionnaire

CHART-4.5

INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis that 40% of respondents are having bad opinion on lunch
and rest room facilities,25% of respondents felt good about the facilities ,20% of respondents
are not up to the expectation, 15% said that the lunch room facilities are excellent.

6. Does the company conduct any medical camps?

TABLE-4.6

S.No Factors Respondents

1 Yes 66

2 No 34

3 None 0

4 Total 100

Source : - Questionnaire

CHART-4.6

38
INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis that 66% of respondents are satisfied with medical facilities
which were provided in the organization and 34% of respondents are dissatisfied

7. Are you satisfied with transportation facilities?

TABLE-4.7

S.No Factors Respondents

1 Highly Satisfied 20

2 Moderately Satisfied 40

3 satisfied 36

4 Dissatisfied 4

5 Total 100

Source: - Questionnaire

39
 CHART-4.7

INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis 40% of the respondents are moderately satisfied with
transportation facilities, 36% are satisfied, 20% of the respondents said that transportation
facilities are excellent and 4% of respondents are dissatisfied with the given factors.

8. Does the company provide any assistance for children’s educations?

TABLE-4.8

S.No Factors Respondents

1 Yes 80

2 No 20

3 None 0

4 Total 100

Source : - Questionnaire

40
 CHART-4.8

INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis 80% of the respondents are felt happy with the assistance
provided to their children’s education by the company and 20% of respondents are unhappy.

9. What is your opinion about the dispensary and first aid room facilities?

TABLE-4.9

S.No Factors Respondents

1 Highly Satisfied 4

2 Moderately Satisfied 16

3 Satisfied 54

4 Dissatisfied 26

5 Total 100

Source : - Questionnaire

41
 CHART-4.9

INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis it is absolute that 54% of respondents are having satisfaction
with the dispensary and first aid facilities,26% of respondents are dissatisfied ,16% are
moderately satisfied and 4% of respondents felt excellent about the dispensary and first aid .

10. Does the company provide any maternity benefits for woman employees?

TABLE-4.10

S.No Factors Respondents

1 Yes 72

2 No 28

3 None 0

4 Total 100

Source : - Questionnaire

CHART-4.10

42
INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis it is observed that the company is excellent in providing
maternity benefits for women employees.

11. How long you are working in this organization?

TABLE-4.11

S.No Factors Respondents

1 1-5 years 42

2 6-10 years 38

3 11-15 years 8

4 15- Above. 12

5 Total 100

Source : - Questionnaire

CHART-4.11

43
INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis from 1-5 years 42% of respondents are worked in the
organization, 38% are working for ten years, 8% are working for 11-15years, 12% of
respondents working since 15years above.

12. Do you satisfy with the welfare facilities provided in your organization?

TABLE-4.12

S.No Factors Respondents

1 Yes 70

2 No 30

3 None 0

4 Total 100

Source : - Questionnaire

44
 CHART-4.12

INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis it is observed that 70% of respondents are satisfied with the
welfare facilities provided in the organization and 30% of respondents are dissatisfied.

13. Does your organization provide any housing facilities?

TABLE-4.13

S.No Factors Respondents

1 Yes 72

2 No 28

3 None 0

4 Total 100

Source : - Questionnaire

45
 CHART-4.13

INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis it is observed that 70% of respondents are felt happy and
30% of respondents are dissatisfied with the housing facilities provided by the organization.

14. Do you have counseling center in your organization?

TABLE-4.14

S.No Factors Respondents

1 Yes 45

2 No 55

3 None 0

4 Total 100

Source : - Questionnaire

46
 CHART-4.14

INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis it is observed that 55% of respondents said that there is no
counseling centers, 45% of respondents are said that counseling center facilities are up to the
mark.

15. How are the safety provisions provided, while operating the machine?

S.No Factors Respondents

1 Excellent 10

2 Good 40

3 Average 30

4 Poor 20

5 Total 100

TABLE-4.15
Source : - Questionnaire

47
 CHART-4.15

INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis it is observed that 40% of respondents are having a good
opinion on safety provisions, 30% of respondents having bad opinion, 20% of respondents
are having poor opinion and 10% of respondents having the opinion that the safety provisions
are excellent.

16. Are you happy with working conditions provided by your organization?

TABLE-4.16

S.No Factors Respondents

1 Yes 65

2 No 35

3 None 0

4 Total 100

Source : - Questionnaire

CHART-4.16

48
INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis it is observed that 65% of respondent felt happy with
working conditions in organization and 35% of respondents are unhappy.

17. Are you satisfied with the retirement benefits?

TABLE-4.17

S.No Factors Respondents

1 Highly satisfied 12

2 Moderately satisfied 20

3 Satisfied 60

4 dissatisfied 08

5 Total 100

Source: - Questionnaire

49
 CHART-4.17

INTERPRETATION:

From the above analysis it is observed that 60% of respondents satisfied, 20% are
moderately satisfied, 12% are highly satisfied and 8% are dissatisfied.

CHAPTER-III
FINDINGS,

50
 SUGGESTIONS
&
CONCLUSION

FINDINGS

1. It is observed that 80% of respondent are aware about welfare facilities and 20% of
respondents are not having any awareness about welfare facilities in the organization.
2. It is observed that 80% of respondents think that welfare facilities are useful in
improving employee’s performance and 20% of respondents said that it is not useful
in improving the performance of employee’s
3. 52% of the respondents are moderately satisfied with drinking water facilities, 30% of
the respondents are highly satisfied,18% of the respondents are dissatisfied.
4. It is observed that 48% of respondents are dissatisfied with canteen facilities because
of improper services, 44% of respondents are moderately satisfied and 8% of
respondents are highly satisfied.
5. 40% of respondents are having bad opinion on lunch and rest room facilities,25% of
respondents felt good about the facilities ,20% of respondents are not up to the
expectation, 15% said that the lunch room facilities are excellent.

51
6. 66% of respondents are satisfied with medical facilities which were provided in the
organization and 34% of respondents are dissatisfied
7. 40% of the respondents are moderately satisfied with transportation facilities, 36% are
satisfied, 20% of the respondents said that transportation facilities are excellent and
4% of respondents are dissatisfied with the given factors.
8. 80% of the respondents are felt happy with the assistance provided to their children’s
education by the company and 20% of respondents are unhappy.
.

SUGGESTIONS

1. It is suggested that the management has to create more awareness regarding welfare
facilities provide by the company.
2. It is suggested that the management has to think of innovative welfare emanates, in
orders improve employees current and future performances.
3. The company is conducting medical camps it is suggested that continue the same in
future also.
4. The overall performance of the company with regard to welfare faculties are
excellent.
5. It is suggested that the mgt has to take steps in order to improve drinking water &
contain facilities.
6. It is advised that the lunch & rest rooms must be maintained in a proper manner in
order to motivate the employees.
7. The com. Is providing assistance for employees, children’s education. It is advised
that maintain in future also.
8. The mgt has to take necessary steps in order to provide housing facilities for all the
cadres of employees.

52
9. It is suggested that the mgt has to focus more on safety measures so that it can reduce
accident rates.

CONCLUSION

 Most of the respondents are having awareness about welfare facilities provided by
Sagar Cement Pvt. Ltd and the welfare facilities that which are provided by the
company are useful in improving the employee’s performance.
 The company is providing excellent service in conducting the medical camp to their
employees and their family members.
 The transportation facilities provided by sagar cement pvt. ltd create a satisfaction
levels to the employees that which results in growth of the employees.
 The company provides maternity benefits for women employees that which creates a
positive sign to them.
 Most number of employees working in this organization ranges from 1 to 10 years
constantly.
 Most of the employees are satisfied with welfare facilities provided by Sagar Cement
Pvt. Ltd.
 The company is also good at providing housing facilities to their employees.
 The company takes proper care and attention to the technical people by providing
certain safety provisions while operating with the machine.
 Most of the employees who are working in this organization are happy with working
conditions.

53
 APPENDIX

QUESTIONNAIRE

BIBILIOGRAPHY

54
 QUESTIONNAIRE

1. Are you aware about welfare facilities provided in your organization?

A) Yes B) No C) None

2. Do you think the welfare facilities are useful in improving employee’s performance?

A) Yes B) No C) None

3. Are you satisfied with the drinking water facilities?

A) Highly satisfied B) Moderately satisfied C) Dissatisfied

4. What is your opinion on canteen facilities?

A) Highly satisfied B) Moderately satisfied C) Dissatisfied

5. What is your opinion on lunch and rest room facilities?

A) Very good B) Good C) Bad D) Very bad

6. Does the company conduct any medical camps?

A) Yes B) No C) None

55
7. Are you satisfied with transportation facilities?

A) Highly satisfied B) Moderately satisfied

C) Satisfied D) Dissatisfied

8. Does the company provide any assistance for children’s educations?

A) Yes B) No C) None

9. What is your opinion about the dispensary and first aid room facilities?

A) Highly satisfied B) Moderately satisfied

C) Satisfied D) Dissatisfied

10. Does the company provide any maternity benefits for woman employees?

A) Yes B) No C) None

11. How long you are working in this organization?

A) 1-5 years B) 6-10 years

C) 11-15 years D) 15 Above.

12. Do you satisfy with the welfare facilities provided in your organization?

A) Yes B) No C) None

13. Does your organization provide any housing facilities?

A) Yes B) No C) None

14. Do you have counseling center in your organization?

A) Yes B) No C) None

15. How are the safety provisions provided, while operating the machine?

A) Excellent B) Very good

C) Average D) Poor

16. Are you happy with working conditions provided by your organization?

56
A) Yes B) No C) None

17. Are you satisfied with the retirement benefits?

A) Highly satisfied B) Moderately satisfied

C) Satisfied D) Dissatisfied

BIBILIOGRAPHY

Sno Year of
Book title Author Name Publisher
Edition

1 HIMALAYA
HUMAN RESOURCE
V. S. P. RAO PUBLISHING 2006
MANAGEMENT
HOUSE

2 HUMAN RESOURCE
T.V. RAO HILL 2008
MANAGEMENT

3 HIMALAYA
RESEARCH C.R.
PUBLISHING 2007
METHODOLOGY KOTHORI
HOUSE

4 MANAGEMENT AND
P. SUBBA
INDUSTRIAL HPH 2010
RAO
RELATIONS

WEBSITES:

www.netmbacom

www.citehr.com

57