Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Baselines promulgated
Scarborough Shoal
Seized by China in 2012
Shipping Routes
Trade via South China Sea
China 64%
Japan 42%
Global 33%
USA 14%
Percentage of Total Trade
China 40%
India 31%
Japan 29%
Germany 9%
USA 6%
Value of Trade
US$3.4-5 trillion
Global LNG 40%
Twelve per
cent of the
global fish
catch
comes
from the
South
China Sea,
and it is
headed for
collapse.
2. International Law
United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS)
Dual civil-
military
Original
structure 1995
Hangars can accommodate 24
combat aircraft and four larger
planes (such as ISR, transport,
refuelling, or bomber aircraft)
Mischief Reef July 2016
Hangars can
accommodate 24
combat aircraft and
four larger planes
(such as ISR,
transport, refuelling,
or bomber aircraft)
Recent Chinese Militarisation
Chinese H-6K
nuclear bombers
have 3,500 km
combat radius
covering all of
South China Sea
and most of the
Philippines
FY 1991-96
6
VENEZUELA 5
5
5
BANGLADESH 5
4
4
JAPAN 4
4
4
ALGERIA 4
4
target
2
SAUDI ARABIA 2
2
2
DOMENICAN REPUBLIC 2
2
2
TUNISIA 1
1
1
NIGERIA 1
1
1
HAITI 1
1
1
Acknowledgement: Tuan Anh Luc, ‘The US
CAPE VERDE 1
1
1
Freedom of Navigation Operations in the
ANGOLA 1
South China Sea’, forthcoming.
0 5 10 15 20 25
US FONOPs Under Obama and Trump
No. US Navy Ship Date Location
1. USS Lassen (DDG-82) Oct 2015 Subi Reef, Northeast Cay, Southwest
Cay, South Reef, and Sandy Cay
2. USS Curtis Wilbur (DDG-54) Jan 30, 2016 Triton Island
5. USS Dewey (DDG-105) May 24, 2017 Mischief Reef and other artificial islands