SIMPLE LOW COST VISITORS COUNTER

WELCOME

Project name:-
Simple low cost visitors counter

6 SEM mini project report

th

2016-2017

Done by :
Varun Baba (1sz14ec019)
Santhosh H S (1sz12ec032)
Kiran K G (1sz14ec020)
Bharath M N (1sz15ec400)

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INDEX

SL.NO CONTENTS PAGE NO

2 INTRODUCTION

3 BLOCK DIAGRAM

BLOCK DIAGRAM
4
DESCRIPTION

5 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

6 BILL OF MATERIALS

7 CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION

8 ADVANTAGES

9. DISADVANTAGES

10 APPLICATIONS

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INDRODUCTION (ABSTRACT)

Here is a simple and inexpensive visitor counter circuit that you can build
easily. Visitor counters available in the market are generally expensive and
are based on microcontrollers, which are difficult to program.

This circuit comprising a transmitter and a receiver can count up to 99

visitors automatically. It is built around CD4026 (decade counter and 7-
segment driver in the same IC package).

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BLOCK DIAGRAM

Transmitter section (Tx)

IR
Power supply Transmitter

Receiver section (Rx)

Power supply

Decade Seven
IR receiver counter segment
display

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BLOCK DIAGRM EXPLANATION

POWER SUPPLY:
Transmitter and Receiver section consist of two different 9V
batteries both the section have 7805 voltage regulator, the output of
regulator is constant 5V DC.

TRANSMITTER:-
IR-LED this is used to transmit the Infra-Red signals to its
destination that is receiver by taking input from Astable
multivibrator.

RECEIVER: -
This receives the reflected signal from transmitter

DECADE-COUNTER:-

IC4026 it’s basically decade-counter and seven segment

display output.

DISPLAY:-

Two seven segment display are used to count from 00-99.

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CIRCUIT DIAGRAM
Transmitter

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Receiver

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BILL OF MATERIAL

SL COMPONENTS SPECIFICATION DESIGNATION QYT

1
5V REGULATOR 1
7805 IC 1
2 DRCADE
2
CD4026 COUNTER IC 3, IC 4
3
TIMER 1
NE555 IC 2
4
IR RECEIVER 1
TSOP 1738 RX 1
5
5 mm 2
IR LED IR LED 1
6 22K,10K
RESISTORS POT,100E,100E,10 R1,VR1,R2,R3, 5
K,10K R4,R5
7
47u,0.001u,0.1u 4
CAPACITORS C5,C3,C2,C4
8 SEVEN LTS543 DIS 1,DIS 2 2
SEGMENT
DISPLAY

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CIRCUIT DESCRIPTION
The circuit diagram of the infrared (IR) transmitter unit for the
visitors counter is shown in Fig. 1. It comprises transformer X1,
1N4007 rectifier diodes D1 and D2, 1000µF (25V) filter capacitor C1,
7805 (5V) voltage regulator IC1, NE555 timer IC2, IR LED (LED1)
and some other components. The transmitter generates 38kHz carrier
frequency.
The receiver unit with 7-segment displays is shown in Fig. 2. It
comprises two CD4026 ICs (IC3 and IC4), reset switch S1, two 7-
segment common-cathode displays DIS1 and DIS2, TSOP1738 IR
receiver RX1 and a few other components.
Power supply for the circuit(s) is made up of transformer X1 that steps
down 230V AC mains supply, full-wave rectifiers comprising diodes
D1 and D2, filtering capacitor C1 and 7805 regulator IC1 to maintain
a constant 5V DC at the output. The 5V DC is used by the transmitter
and also fed to the receiver section by connecting CON2 to CON3.
Decade counter IC CD4026 or CD4033 (whichever is available) can
be used as counter-cum-display driver.
As this project is designed for a 2-digit counter, it counts up to 99
only. The counter uses two 7-segment common-cathode displays
(LT543). For one’s position it uses a CD4026 (IC3) and a 7-segment
common-cathode display LT543 (DIS1). For ten’s position it uses
another CD4026 (IC4) and another similar 7-segment display (DIS2).
The IR transmitter circuit is designed for commercial application. Its
NE555 timer can be wired as a one-shot or astable multivibrator. In
this circuit it is configured in astable mode. For that, we use fixed 22k

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resistor R1, 10k potentiometer VR1 and 0.001µF capacitor C3 for

generating exact 38kHz carrier frequency.
The formula for the frequency is given by f=1.44/(R1+2VR1)C3. You
can vary VR1 to get the exact frequency. The IR LED connected to
output pin (pin 3) of IC2 transmits these frequency pulses (IR beams),
which are received by the TSOP1738 IR receiver (RX1).
When you interrupt the frequency pulses, immediately the IR receiver
(TSOP1738) generates a clock pulse, which is fed to decade counter
IC3 at its pin 1 (CLK).
To count each clock pulse the output of IC3 is fed to the 7-segment
display, which displays equivalent clock pulse in digital format. After
leading edge of every tenth clock pulse it simply resets the count to
zero position. The carry output from pin 5 of IC3 is fed to pin 1 (CLK)
of IC4. This increases the number displayed in ten’s display by one.
This way the process continues to display up to 99. After 99 the
counter simply resets to 00. To reset the display at any time press reset
switch S1. To increase the circuit’s capacity to count up to 999,
simply add another CD4026 IC and a 7-segment display in a similar
fashion.
Install the transmitter and receiver units at the gate such that IR beam
of IR LED1 falls directly on the IR receiver RX1. Whenever a person
crosses the gate IR beam is interrupted. Each intterruption generates a
clock pulse in the receiver unit, which is registered as a count and is
displayed on the 7-segment displays.

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APPLICATION:
1. Offices.
2. Public Places
3. Restrooms at railway stations.

Advantages:
1. No need of human intervention.
2. Can work 24x7 without any problem.
3. Low cost and very easy to implement.

Disadvantages:
1. If there are multiple doors for the same room the project becomes
quite complex.
2. IR sensor cannot detect if lots of people are entering at one time.

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