lú is;a WKqiqï l< r;= lúfhdaa -2

mS.u,,af.dv
- iuka tï' ldßhlrjk
,xldfõ uq,a jfï jHdmdrh m%n, igkaldó cd;sl
jHdmdrhla úh' wêrdcHjdohg;a foaYSh Okm;s
mka;sfha l%shdldÍ;ajhg;a tfrys j uqyqKg uqyqK
igkla lf<a kï ta jfï jHdmdrh hs' 1935 isg 1964
olajd ld,h ,xldfõ uq,a jfï jHdmdrfha jeo.;a u
wjêh f,i y`ÿkd.; yels h' ,xld iuiudc
mlaIh" fldñhqksiaÜ mlaIh yd ta iu`. úúO
wjia:dj, iïnkaO ù l%shd l< uyck tlai;a
fmruqK yd Y%S ,xld ksoyia mlaIh jeks foaYmd,k
jHdmdr fmdÿfõ ,xld iudch ;=< zjuZ f,i m%p,s;
j we;'

ì%;dkH md¾,sfïka;=fõ jïmi wdik fjka fldg we;af;a úreoaO

mlaIhghs' ju hkafkys ksjeros w¾:h úreoaO mlaIh hkakhs' tfy;a
,xldj foaYmd,k ksoyi ,nd.;a uq,a jljdkqfõ rg md,kh l< md,l
mlaIh tlai;a cd;sl mlaIh jQ w;r th nyq;rhla cd;sl Okm;shkaf.ka
ieÿï,;a ksid;a md,k n,h oerE ksid;a olaIskdxYh úh' ta olaYskdxYfha
l%shdldÍ;ajhg tfrys j mSä; mka;sh fjkqfjka fmkS isá ish¨ fokd
jdudxYslhka f,i y`ÿkajkq ,efí' fï jfï jHdmdrh yd iïnkaO jQ
wêrdcH úfrdaëka W.;=ka f.dúhka lïlrejka wd.ñl mQcH mQcldoSka
jeks úúO msßia jQy' tu uq,a jfï jHdmdrh idys;H l,d wdosh úIfhyS
l< n,mEu t;rï úYd, fkdfõ' Bg fya;=j wfOda jHqyh fkdfyd;a foaYmd,k wd¾Ólh fjkia lsÍfuka idys;H
l,d wdosh we;=<;a WmßjHqyh fkdfyd;a ixialD;sh bfí fjkia jkafka h hk wdia:dkfha fï uq,a zjuZ msysgd
isàuhs' Tjqqyq ixialD;sh úIfhyS Rcqj ueosy;a fkd jqk o m%pdrljdoS w¾:fhka úúO wjia:dj, ueosy;a ù we;'
1930-60 oYlj, m%p,s; u udOH jq m;a;r fmd;a yd lú fld, jeks udOH fuka u /iaùï o Tjqka woyia m, l<
m%p,s; udOH úh' ta udOH ;=< o isõmo ldjHhg b;d by< ;ekla ysñ j we;s nj olakg yels h' fld<U hq.fha
fo jk wjêh jk fï ld,fha b;d u m%p,s; lúfhda /ila jQy' ta lùka w;=ßka jfï jHdmdrfha foaYmd,kh yd
ftkaøSh j iïnkaO jQ lùka lsysmfofkl= y`ÿkd .; yels h' ta w;=ßka fidauùr pkaøisß" mshfiak u,,af.dv" mS'î
w,aúia fmf¾rd" wdßhjxY m;srdc" m;srdc f;kakfldaka" ngqjkaor .=Kj¾Ok" wk.dßl O¾um%sh chfldä" nekaáia
rKùr" isß,d,a fldäldr yd à'î f;kakfldaka hk lùka ms<sn`o fuys oS úfYaIfhka fidhd ne,Sug woyia flf¾'
fï r;= lùka tod ljr foaYmd,k jHdmdrhla yd iïnkaO j lghq;= l< o Tjqkaf.a l,d;aul wdfõYh úma,jjdoS
tlla úh' tfyhska Tjqkaf.a lú yd l,d Ndú;h wo ojfia whs;s jkqfha úma,jjdoS jHdmdrj,ghs' ta ksid nhs,d
.dhlhka fyda k`M ks,shka fuka u fï lùkaf.a lú o wo ojfia úma,jjdoS jHdmdrj, fõosldfõ olskakg ,efí
kï jvd;a jeo.;a fõ'

mshfiak u,,af.dv ^1921'10'11 -1985'09'19&

wyx.u oslalqUqr u,,af.dv wïmdfj,f.or oS 1921 Tlaf;daïn¾ 11 osk Wmka mshodi u,,af.dv
ish uQ,sl wOHdmkh oslal=Uqr Y%S isoaOd¾: úoHd,fhka ,enQ w;r wk;=re j u,,af.dv iqukjxi
hk kñka meúos j l`M., Y%S .=Kj¾Okdrdufhka o .d,af,a úchdkkao msßfjfkka o
je,a,j;af;a O¾fudaoh yd n,.,af,a iriaj;S msßfjk hk úoHia:dkj,ska o Ys,am W.;af;a h'
isxy, ixialD; md,s NdId W.;a fyf;u miq lf<l lúfhl= f,i;a jduxYsl foaYmd,{fhl=
f,i;a kula oskd .kq ,enQfha mS'u,,af.dv hk kñks' zzTyq isjqre yeßfha 1953 foieïn¾ ui 2
jeksodh. 1954 uehs udifha 26 jeks osk újdy úh. isjqre yeÍfuka miq Tyq fmd;a ,sùfuka yd .=re

1
jD;a;sfhka uqo,a ,enqfõ h. fmd;a ,sùu ljo;a Tyqf.a m%Odk jD;a;sh úhZZ^w.ue;s >d;k wìryi
yd f;d,g f;d," uõìu"2018'01'14&.

fidauùr pkaøisßf.a zksoyiZ m;%fha iyldr l¾;Djrhl= f,i m<uqjrg l;= u~q,a,g tla jQ
u,,af.dv bka miq j zisxy, cd;shZ m;%fha m%Odk l¾;D o zckhq.hZ m;%fha l¾;D uKav,
m%Odkshd o úh' zryiaZ kï mqj;am; o zwudjZ kï udisl lú i`.rdj o m< lf<a Tyq h. 1984 oS
ñh hk úg;a Tyq iuia; ,xld isxy, lú iïfï,kfha m%Odk f,alï úh. tys m%ldYkhla jQ
zlúhZ mqj;amf;ys yd Y%S ,xld uyck mlaIfha mqj;am; jk zosklrZ mqj;amf;a m%Odk l¾;D úh.
u,,a úiska m%ldYhg m;a lrk ,o .oH - moH lD;s rdYshls.
 fn!oaO nd,sldj - mSg¾ úchisß iu`. ^1949&^.oH&
 f,a i,l=K ^1955&^foaYsh Okm;s md,l mKa;shg tfrys j ,shjqKq lú&
 fcda;su;a Ôú;h ^1955&^.oH&
 foaYmd,k lr<sh ^1957&^nKavdrKdhl md,khg idm lrk jia lúhls&
 fukak oykdhl ^1957&^.d,af,a úchdkkao oykdhlf.a mlaI udre lsÍfï m%;sm;a;shg
tfrys j&
 úu,d úchj¾Ok w.ue;sg le,E m;a;r .eiQ yeá ^1958&^.oH&
 wdKavqj fmr<Sfï l=uka;%K l< yeá ^1959&^.oH&
 nKavdrkdhl w.ue;s ueÍfï wìryi ^1959&^.oH&
 f;d,g f;d, ^1959&
 foaj mQcdj ^1959&^mshodi lreKdr;ak kue;af;l= fjkqfjka l;r.u foúhkag jQ
ndrhla Tmamq lsÍug ,shQ fmd;ls&
 nKavdrkdhl kvqj iy u,,af.dvf.a idlalsh ^1961&^.oH&
 fõosldj ^1961&
 fin< Wodkh ^1962&
 ;=ka úm; ^1968&
 ldjH uxcßh ^1973& lú iïfï,kfõ lú i`.rdj
 kQ;k foajo;a; ^1977&ixia( isß,d,a fldäldr".=Kmd, fiakdisxy
 fkd u< u,,a .S ^1985& ^Ys%hd u,,af.dvf.a ixialrKhla&
 fld<U lú hq.h ^1981& ^fuh isxy, bx.%Sis fo niska rÑ; Ydia;%Sh ixialrKhls&

nKavdrKdhl uy;df.a rch n,hg f.k tau i`oyd Woõ l< u,,af.dv b;d blaukska u
nKavdrKdhl wdKavqjg úreoaO úh' tu wdKavqfõ isá m%.;sYS,S msßia wdKavqfjka bj;a fjkjd;a
iu`. u Tyq o wdKqvqjg iyh oelaùu k;r lf<a h' 1957 oS Tyq nKavdrKdhlg;a tu rchg;a
jialú ,shk ,os' m%;s.dó msf,a kdhlhd jQ .d,af,a oykdhl iyuq,ska ksrdjrKh lrñka lú
fmd;la m, lf<a h' nKavdrkdhl uy;d cSj;a j isáh oS m< l< zzúu,d úchj¾Ok w.ue;s
nKavdrkdhlg le,E m;a;r .eiQ ieáZZ fmd; ksl=;a jQ miq ta ms<sn|j fmd,Sish u,,af.dv
uy;df.ka lgW;a;r f.k fmd;a wkshñka ;ykï l<;a nKavdrkdhl uy;d ñh.sh miq ,shQ
zzwdKavqj fmr<Sug l=uka;%Kh l< ieáZZ fmd; msgùu;a iu. u" Tyq isrndrhg f.k fmd; o
;ykï lrk ,oS ^wfíúl%u"fidauodi"2011'01'24&' u,,af.dv úiska 1958 j¾Ifha ,shk ,o fmd;a
m;aj,ska úYd, m%isoaêhlg m;ajQfha zzúu,d úchj¾Ok w.ue;s nKavdrkdhlg le,E m;a;r
.eiQ ieáZZ fmd; h' ta fmd; iïnkaOfhka fmd,sish u,,af.dvf.a f.h jg,k ,o kuq;a
,shú,s w,a,d .ekSug ;rï fmd,sish jdikdjka; fkd ùh' fmd; ;ykï lf<a o ke;' tu
fmd; iïnkaOfhka fmd,sish m%nqoaO uqøKd,h jegÆ njla fyda fmd;a idmamq .dfKa hñka
fmdf;a msgm;a tl;= l< njla fyda u,a,f.dv fkd okS'

2
fmd,sish fld;rï yria j isáh;a ta fmdf;a msgm;a ish,a, úlsKu S g u,,af.dv iu;a úh' Tyq
1959 oS zzf;d,g f;d,ZZ ksl=;a lf<a h' 1959 wjqreoafoa u,,af.dv zzwdKavqj fmr<Sfï l=uka;%K
l< yeáZZ kue;s fmd; ,shd m< lf<a h' ta fmd; iïnkaOfhka u,,af.dvf.a ksfji;a"
uqøKd,h;a fmd,sish úiska jg,k ,oS' ta fmd; ;ykï lrk ,o nj mqj;a m;aj, m< úh' fmd;a
idmamqj,ska ta fmdf;a msgm;a fmd,sish úiska ;ykug .kq ,enQ kuq;a u,,af.dvf.a f.or ;sî
msgm;a lsisjla fmd,sishg wiqjQfha ke;' Tyq ysr Ndrhg .kakd ,os' Tyqf.a Nd¾hdjf.ka m%Yak
lrk ,os' fmd,Sish ta fmdf;a lsis msgm;la f.k .sfha ke;'

u,,af.dv úiska ,shk ,o nKavdrkdhl w.ue;s ueÍfï wìryi uqøKh i|yd Ndr fok úg
fidaudrdu yer ú;a;slrejka lsisjl=;a isrNdrhg .kq ,en isáfha ke;' ta fmdf;a we;=<;a
ish,a, u iïmQ¾K i;Hh hs u,a,f.dv lshd isáfha h' tys i|yka ish¨ lreKq .ek j.lSu Tyq
Ndr.;af;ah'zzwdKavqj fmr<Sfï l=uka;%K l< yeáZZfmdf;a l=uka;%K rdYshla .ek u,,af.dv
i|yka lr we;^w.ue;s >d;k wìryi yd f;d,g f;d,"uõìu"2018'01'14&.

nKavdrkdhl uy;df.a urKfhka miq mS' u,,af.dv úiska ,shkq ,en"urodfka YsIH uqøKd,fha
uqøs; zznKavdrkdhl w.ue;s ueÍfï wìryiZZ kue;s fmdf;a ta uy;d fufia i|yka lr ;sìKs'
th ,shd ;snqfKa 1959 fkdjeïn¾ 24 od ms<shkao, oSh'

zznKavdrkdhl w.ue;s;=ud Ôj;aj isáh oS uúiska ,shk ,o zzúu,d úchj¾Ok w.ue;s

nKavdrkdhlg le,E m;a;r .eiQ ieáZZ fmdf;ka" ud tod l=uka;%K we;s nj lshoa oS w.ue;s
nKavdrkdhl uy;df.a l,amkdj yß yeá fhduq úKs kï" ta Ôú;h fu;rï wjdikdjka;
brKulg uqyqK fkdmdkq ksh; h' tfy;a fld;rï lS kuqÿ urejd u biair jqfKa hZZ ^tu&'

nKavdrKdhl wdKavqfõ isá m%;s.dó msßia ck;djdoS .ukau`. fjk;lg yerùug W;aidy oroa
oS ta l=uka;%KldÍ jevms,sfj, u,,af.dv úiska fy,s lrk ,os' nKavdrKdhl o yoj;ska
isáfha fï m%;s.dóka iu`. u nj úuxikdlaIsfhka neÆ l, meyeos,s fõ' fujeks ikao¾Nhl
u,,af.dv mK mrÿjg ;nd mSä; ck;dj fjkqfjka fmkS isá l,dlrefjl= nj Tyqf.a
iïm%odkh úuiQ úg wújdos; j i`oyka l< yels h'

1951 oS nKavdrkdhl uy;d tla i;a cd;sl mlaI wdKavqfjka bj;a j úmlaIfha wiqka .;a úg
mS' u,,af.dv lúhd tod " ksoyi " m;%hg fufia ,sù h'

bkd jla jka uqfõ iskyj fmfrk mqkai| fuka fofmda hl

wkd fok kj ril;dfõ ñysr we;s meKs msreKq ó hl
ckd f,da,kfhys fhfok wo fõ.fhka mK fmjqKq yS hl
iskd fjka ms<s.ksuq oeka wms fï w¨;a nKavdrkd hl

.uka l< u." fkd u. nj oek" kjdf,dalh my< ù fuka

;uka .;a yKñá fmdosh iqKq úiqKqfldg úiqrejd ,S fuka
t;eka isg tä;r j ish Ôú;h wuq;=u uf.l hd fuka
ye|skafjk ùrhd Tn fjhs" kj hqf.alg md ;eî fuka

uqú,a .s,syS jefgk rij;a foiqï" .x fyda .,k j;=r ls

thska ke. tk ;shqKq ni ms<su¨ka tä is| fy<k l;=r ls
wika kka - rislhka uka u;a lrk n,.;= osúh u;=r ls
iekska miq nia jñka i;=rka jyd ch ìu olsk h;=r ls

kqjka k<jk iq¿hs , ish iqr;,a wkx.d fõi rEm h

olska fkda wdorh fj;s osj ..d ri nia ñysß mQm h
wyx ldfrka f;drj , úis mia jila ;sia fia ;=reKq mdm h

3
w,xldrhs lshd mE ieá thska msìÿKs isy, oSm h

;uka i;= jQ weue;s ;k;=re /f.k Tn uq,a mqgqfj Wka fka

ú|skakg neß ;ek os , fkd mK;a - whq;= - kdhl l=yl hka fka
mhska wek,d flosklo ? Tn uyckhd ueog meka fka
thska miqjhs Tfí kduh c.;a b;sydihg tka fka

ne¨ka fnda,h jf.a Tn Tm fjù ;j ;j by< hkafka

thska Tn fkdu.lg jegqfKd;a boska f,dl= wk;=rls jkafka
wysxil ck;dj fï fm<yfrys ish wú /f.k Wkafka
fjkska hQ . weka . mshla oekaug fkdfõ Tfn l|jqrg tkafka

fl<ska Tn fmruqKg meñKs ;ekg ksis mshjrls .;a f;a

kejqï mqiqUla fkd,o we;fula , tfy;a Tn wi,skau we;a f;a
thska Tfn mßirh ;ju;a iqmsßisÿ nj fmfkkq ke;a f;a
Tjqka fidaod ;nkq hq;= fjhs ;sfnk lghq;= msKsi u;a f;a

;j;a miqng fkdù " r;=î;sld " frda.h ys;ska wia fld g
whqla ;g ure myr fok woyiska tla ù tlu me;a; g
lf<d;a mq¿jks" tfyu ke;akï h<s;a hkakg fõú mia i g
;j;a lsj hq;= fndfyda foa we;s kuq;a u;= bv ;nuq fiia i g

u,,af.dvf.a lú wkd.;h úksúo olsk iq¿ h' tjd ug is,sgq ke;' tä;r j ish woyia m<
lrk w;r úfgl b;d l¾lI h' tia' uyskao ysñf.a ffY,sh g u|la iudk kuq;a úfgl
Wmydih blaujd wmydih f;la ;,a¨ ù we;s ieá fmfka ^wfíúl%u" fidauodi"2011'01'10&'ljfrl=g
fyda Tyqf.a jeros fl,ska u mjid nekjeoSug tyq ìh fkd ùh' Tyqf.a zfukak oykdhlZ
lD;sfha oykdhl Wmydihg fkdj wmydihg ,la lr we;'

W.;a jeo.;a jeo.;a uy;aufhlehs is;d-,d .re lf<uq we;a; g

tfy;a ldf,l mgka bosuqKq frda.fhka fm<UqKq whq;a; g
.re;ajh lE .d¨ mqrfhys keó zz hQ'wekamsfha ZZ me;a; g
j,;a;fhl=f. brKuhs ysñjkafk Tõ ;uqfig;a u;a; g

,nkakg uq,a wiqk w.ue;s tk ;efkl u`. os.g jeá je à

ÿjka wd yeá wfmdhs fldfyduo ifydaorhd úkh ;el= ye á
láka rc ù" is;ska cv ù ye`Mj msÜgksj, os ur fn á
fuhska u;= lïuq;=hs hy`Mfj b;ska ;uqfif. ;snqKq n`o m á

wd ksid uyckh mdfr u fojdrhl u mqgqj oS mS

ta ksh¨jlg /f.k wka;sfï ñksyd we`.g wd mS
? ksù ish mika yer od w.ue;sg u,a jvï od mS
Bkshd ùrhd m<uqj je¥ ujf.u ;kh ld mS

myr ,o fõokdfjka msg lik zzhQ weka msfhys me;a f;a

weiqr ,;a ms,sirK,;a fidfydjqrka flf<ik ye`.=u Ñ;a f;a
ljr ;ekl o foaimd,k udj;l mshjrla .;a f;a@
.jr lgl=hs" lnr osjl=hs" ucr jev ms<sfj<hs we;a f;a

4
oykdhlf.a fros .,jk nj fkd mjik lúhd ñka u;= Tyqf.a n`o má fkd mj;sk nj mjihs'
fï wmydih ks¾Oh jqj l,d;aul ke;ehs lsj fkd yels h' Tyqf.a lú ish,a, u mdfya ld,Sk
w.fhka hqla; w;r i¾j ld,Sk jdkjjdoS .=Kfhka fmdfydi;a hhs lsj fkd yels h'

fyaumd, uqKsodi iufha zisxyf,a Zmqj;amf;ys;a Wvlekaoj, irKxlr ysñhka ixialrKh l<
zkj f,dalhZ i`.rdfõ;a úúO wjia:dj, m, jQ lú /il tl;=jla 1955 oS zf,a i,l=KZ kñka
m< lf<a h' tys m<uq uqøKfha fodrgqfjys fyf;u fufia i`oyka lrhs'

zzfurg md,k n,;, ,;a" wêrdcHjdoS" wd;aud¾:jdoS iajfoaYsl Okm;shka w;f<diai bl=;a i;a
j¾Ih uq`M,af,ys cd;sl Okh iQrd" fmrd ldndiskshd flfrñka l<" foaY úkdYh yd cd;s
úf,damh fkd okafkla ke;s'

tu ÿIag md,kh m%Nj fldg" .sks oe,la fuka yo mqrd ke`.=Kq <h llshjk fõokdj;a
fõ.h;a uf.a mqreÿ lú nig ke`.S we;af;a h'ZZ^u,,af.dv lD;s tl;=j"ms'125&u,,a ish lD;sh
werUqfuys igyka l<dla fuka tys ix.Dys; lú o wdfõYodhS ks¾udK fõ'

1948 oS Tyq w;ska ,eheù we;s zksoyia rchZ kï lú fm< fufia h'

wmg wm osjhskg ksoyi" ,enqKq nj kï lsh;s"lshj ;s

nvg n; ke;s bKg j; ke;s ksjykg w;= brejl=ÿ ke ;s
ys;g ßis f,i ksoyfia tla jokl=ÿ f;m¨ug bv ke ;s
ksjg osúfmfj;l rih wm rfÜ uyck;dj j<`o ;s

fjfiia n,;, f,dl= u ;k;=re ,enqj me,kfhys kqhq;a f;da

ñksia Wreuh ms<sn`oj f,a mmqlula ì`ol=ÿ fkd,;a f;da
ksfjia oeisoia hdk jdyk m`vqre ßis oeh ,nd .;a f;da
Wiiaiqh ksoyfia iem Tjqkgh zta mska ;sfnkq we;a f;da

úm;a;shg u keuqKq mSä; ñksy fï Woúhg mEf. k

;ek;a fkd;ek;a kshd¨ j yeu úg u o; bk kslg md f. k
fodfyd;a uqÿfka ;nd je`oje`o ish,a,g bjid ordf. k
whq;af;osj;a lSu ;ykï isáh hq;= fjhs lg mshdf. k

ofma ì`o" o< lvd iQrdlñka uyckhd ksy`v fld g

Tfma uy;ekaj, /flk nj fmfkhs ksoyia rfcka fudkj g
yfma jkakg m<uq fld`ÿ weg fl,ska lr wo n,jq jgms g
wfma fyd`o mK .syska bjrhs wfmdhs Th f.d,af,d fldrk fld g

zjfï wjq,Z kue;s lú mka;sh o m%:ufhka 1948 oS m< ù we;s w;r th o zf,a i,l=fKaZ ths'

bx.%Siskaf.a md je`o rfÜ n,h ys`.d .;a ;

tkak"tkak ;r fjkjd md,l Okm;sfhd ye;a ;
hkak tkak ;ekla ke;=j ysák ÿmam;df. me;a ;
.kafk ljqo jfï Woúh;a wr.;a;u fome;a ;@

kskaos; md,kh u.ska ÿmam;a jeishd uefrka k

Wkao, fï byf.k lk jf<ka álla f.dvk.ska k
hka;ï fï uq,a mshjr ;sõjd muKhs n,ka k
weka'weï ,d mgka.;a;= yeá fyd`o fkdje lU woska k

T, fud< Okm;sfhd mjd oeka fmruqKj

q ,g tka fk

5
l,ÿgq l, j< by.kakg Wka n, n,d bka fk
fm< .eyqk;a mSä;fhda jfuka fome;a;g woska fk
f.< je, ,df.k kyskak ;uhs" wka;sfï os fjka fk

zÿkafk ksoyi wmZ hehs uy y`v oSf.k uod ú

ixf.g ke;s md,lhka by fud< iQrf.k ld ú
mxä;lï lfÜ ;shdf.k ;uqfi, lU woS ú
wka;sfï os mSä;hg ljqre;a flxf.äh foa ú

fi,a,u fufyug lerefkd;a fldfyduo uy jev lrka fk

fn,a,g f;dxvqj jefgkafk m<uqj fï ÿmam;=ka fk
uq,a msi oeuqug n,;, md,l kdhl w,ska fk
fkd,a,d uq`M rg jï mi ljoo tl ms,g tka fk

fï lúj,ska Tyqf.a NdId Ndú;fha iajNdjh;a rpkd ffY,sfha we;s úfrdaë .=Kh;a
y`ÿkd.;yels h'

1957 oS Tyq m, l< zfoaYmd,k lr<shZ fmd;g u ,shQ ye`oskaùfuys nKavdrKdhl rch ms<sn`o
ish flaka;sh m, fldg we;af;a fufia h' zz;uka n,hg m;a l< wysxil ck;djf.a weia jid
cd;sh mdjdÿka cd;sfødayS w.ue;s nKavdrKdhl;a Tyqf.a iypr weu;s .Khd;a ksrdjrK
úfúpkhg lem lrk fï lú fmd; lshjkakka w;g m;a lrkakg ,eîu ug uy;a m%s;sfhls'
mqoa.,sl m<s.ekSï úIhl jQ fÉ;kdfjka f;dr j" yqfola fmdÿ cd;sl fõokdfjka lshejqKq fï
lú uq.aO md,hka uodúfhka heùfï jia lú fuka lshefjkq fkd wkqudkhZZ fï lú m< ù
jir folla we;=<; nKavdrKdhlf.a urKh o isÿ úh' jialúhg ymfkla jQ u,,af.dvf.a
Ydmh nKavdrkdhlg jeÿfka oehs Yío Ydia;%h okafkda úuish hq;= h'

1977 oS m< l< zkQ;k foajo;a;Z lD;shg zlúhhs foaYmd,khhs u,,af.dvhsZ uefhka fmrjokla
imhk isß,d,a fldäldr u,,af.dv ia:dk.; lrkqfha Y%S rEmfoaj" wdkkao rdclreKd"
fndr,eia.uqfõ cS'tÉ fmf¾rd" mshodi isßfiak" áfnÜ cd;sl tia'uyskao ysñ wdoSkaf.a lú
mrmqf¾ bosß mqrella jYfhks' fï mrmqf¾ bosß .ukau`. igyka lrk lùka fofofkl=
fldäldr y`ÿkd.kS' ta fidauùr pkaøisß yd mS'u,,af.dvhs' zzhg;aúcs; úfrdaOfha isg kj
hg;aúcs;jdohg úreoaOj;a tä;r lú Ñka;r Odrdj fudjqka úiska j¾Okh leßKs'tod
hg;aúcs; md,khg úreoaO j isá m%nqoaO risl mrmqf¾ wo j¾Okh kj hg;aúcs;jdohg;a
Okjdohg;a úreoaOj hZZ^u,,af.dv lD;s tl;=j" ms'788&' isß,d,a ksÍlaIKh l< fï úfrdaë /äl,a
lùka ms<sn`o j m%udKj;a wOHhkhla ;ju;a tla ;ekl isÿj ke;' thska uq,a jug whs;s msßi
muKla wmf.a wOHhkfhka iïmQ¾K lsÍug W;aidy or;;a 1964 isg 2000 muK jkf;la isák
jfrdaO;d lú ,shQ lùka ms<sn`o fjk u yeoEßh hq;= h^Wod( n¾á î l=vd fyÜá"mrdl%u
fldä;=jlal=" fudKsld rejka m;srK" isisr l=udr udkslal wdrÉÑ" iqks,a wdßhr;ak" r;ak Y%S
úfcaisxy wdoSka lsysm fofkls&'

tla wjia:djl oS w.ue;s, ue;s, weue;s hk ljrl= fyda wmydihg fyda Wmydihg ,la lsÍu
idmrdë l%shdjla njg oekqj;a lsÍu i|yd u,,af.dv md¾,sfïka;=jg le|jQfha h. fï mqj;,
mqj;am;aj, m<j;a u u,,af.dv tjl l;dkdhljrhd jQ wdkkao ;siai o w,aúia ue;s;=udg ^Tyq
l:dkdhlj isáfha 1977'08'04 isg 1978'09'13 olajd h& fkd mudj fï lú ;=k ,shd hjñka ish
woSk nj, wNS; nj m< lf<a h.

,xld rc ifí f.k iqr .=ref. fj i

lkaj, fy<k ó meKs jka ñhqre r i
isxy, lúh ms<sn| Tn foiq j n i
Wka fkñ widf.k mqrjd l÷¿ we i

6
h ï msßila weoao rg md,kh ys ñ
foka kg wef;d;a ksis ù f.!rjh fo ñ
Wka f.a jl .uka ÿgqúg isky fi ñ
mka kd l=yl md,lhka fmrg h ñ

<h oS rgg ck;djg tä md k

oeh remq m÷re ÿgq yeáfhu lvq .d k
ish hq;=lu lrk is;lska wì ud k
ìh ke; lsisÿ rc wKlg lú mE k ^kQ;k foajo;a;&

u,,af.dvf.a ld,Sk lú(

1956 oS nKavdrKdhl n,hg f.ktau i`oyd u,,af.dv fndfyda Woõ Wmldr lf<ah' wjidkfha
oS nKavdrKdhl wdKavqj iu`. l,lsreKq u,,a m%.;sYS,s fmruqfKa ys`osñka ck;djg iu`.s jk
f,i wdhdpkd lf<a h'

iundú; wfma khqjks úry jq kq

hï foa we;;a rg fjkqfjka iu`.s j kq
fmïnr fidfydhqfrks mEf.k msf,ys os kq
bka neyerj hf;d;a lifhka myr fo kq

1960 ue;sjrKhg .ïmy wdikhg Y%S','ks'm fhka ;r`. lrkq ,enQfha weia'ã'nKavdrKdhl
uy;d h' Tyqf.a m%;sjdoshd jqfha t'cd'mfha tÉ' wd¾ fifkúr;ak h' fï ue;sjrK jHdmdrfha oS
.fKauq,af,a mej;s Y%S','ks'm /iaùuls oS mS'u,,af.dv mejiQ ysájk lúhls fï'

oeka we; igka ìu ueo tia ã täfhka

<xfjhs ckn,h ;j;j jeä jeäfhka
fmkakkakg t;;a ch fld< meye fldäfhka
.ïmy oskkjd y;aoylg jeäfhka

m%.;sYS,S l`ojqr iu.s lsÍug fjr oerE u,,af.dv bka l,lsreKd muKs' 1977 oS m%;s.dó;ajh
m%n, j ysi tijQfõ h'

ñka fmr W.=r f,a ry jk ;=re lsõ jd

mekai,a mEka ;, fudg jk ;=re ,sõ jd
lka ÿkakd o kE uq`M rg .sKs ;sõ jd
oeka l=o .y.ksõ ksis o`vqjï fuõ jd

1977 ld,fha m%ldYhg m;a l< zlúhZmqj;am;ska tjlg mej;s fca'wd¾'fm%auodi wdKavqfõ ck;d
úfrdaë m%;s.dó md,khg tfrys j u,,a ksr;=re y`v ke.Sh' tksid u 41 j;djla l=m%lg
y;rjk ;Üggqjg hdug o isÿ úh' zfca'wd¾f.a ñksia ovhuZ kñka jQ lú mka;shlska lúhls
fï'

,xld ujq ìfï fmdÿ whs;sh .s,a ,

fmkajd w.ue;sf. oro`vq ;ä fmd,a ,
kskaos; ksjg jy¨ka f,i lr fu,a ,
.kakg yohs wka;su lïlre ì,a ,

7
u,,a cd;s wd.ï l=,jdoj,g úreoaO úh' m%;s.dó wdKavq ish jdish msKsi cd;sjdoh wjq,k úg
fya tys ienE iajNdjh lúfhka fy,s lf<a fu f,isKs'

oeh l=, fnhska fkdk.uq .sß isLr l `ÿ

ish¨u fokg iu whs;sh iuj fn ¥
fï tl rgls ;ks fldähls fmdÿfj ye ¥
oek oek tl fijfk iu.s j tlg ys `ÿ

;ek /l .kq msKsi md,kfhys ud hd

tk ì,s mqog wrf.k wosro fia hd
oek.kq cd;sjdoh ms<sn`o nE hd
Okjdofha f,ka.;= iy f,a kE hd

jrla fm%auodi w.ue;sjrhd iïnkaO isoaêhla u,,a lúhg k.d zzlúfhysZZ m< lf<a fuf,isKs'

fmï ri j.=rejhs wef. Uqj i`., l= vd

rkajka n`ohs <ueohs u,a yef,k l vd
ñkaoo i,s; ù je,fmhs t;ek y `vd
iqkaorj;sh foda;ska .; yelsh j vd

fokakE ;j;a f;dr;=re ñka fmros fkd ,S

iqkaor iqrEmsh ms<sn`o mqj; le ,S
fmïnr wfma w.ue;s`ÿf. ijfk .s ,S
ÿka werhqug fuys wd wef. kuh fmd ,S

Wka Wka isU nod l< fmï yrU fl ,S

fmkajk levm;la bosßfh tlg fj ,S
mskaj;a wfma w.ue;s`ÿg yßu fcd ,S
Wkakd kdk ldurfhys je<`o fmd ,S

fï lúfha Wmydihla YDx.drh;a iu iu j we;' ni wúh;a hehs ldg kï lej yels o@ u,,a
fca'wd¾' ye`oskajQfha zkQ;k foajo;a;Z hk kñks' Tyq ta kñka 1982.09.17 m< l< fmd; tjl rch
úiska w;a;vx.=jg .;a w;r u,,ag o úúO .eyeg meñKqùh' u,,a ;u uQ,sl whs;sjdislï b,a,d
fY%aIaGdêlrKhg .sh uq;a wêlrKh kvqj úis lrk ,os'^u,,af.dv tosß j kS;sm;s ( kq;k foajo;a; lú
kvqj& u,,af.a uQ,sl whs;sjdislu /loSug wdKavql%u jHjia:dfõ we;s iSud lsÍï n,mdk nj
úksiqrejre ;Skaÿfõ i`oyka lr we;' u,,af.dv md,l mka;shg tfrys j ,shQ lú wo isák
md,lhkag o j,x.= h' lsisÿ foaYmd,k l`ojqrl ìkak fkdnei lúfhka foaYmd,kh l< fï
jdudxYslhdf.a lú m%ix. mj;ajd h,s h,s;a ck .; fldg ck mSvl md,lhkag tfrysj flúá
fia Ndú; lsÍu j;auka úms,jjdoSkaf.a hq;=luls' wfyda'' tfy;a tjka úma,jjdosf hda kï fu,l
fldfya isá;a o@

uQ,dY% yd lshùï(

wfíúl%u"fidauodi" u,,af.dv - nKavdrkdhl >d;kh yd le,E m;a;r 04 fldgi"nKa vdrkdhlg le,E m;a;r
.eyq yeá" osjhsk"2011'01'24
wfíúl%u" fidauodi" u,,af.dv-nKavdrkdhl >d;kh yd le,E m;a;r 03 fldgi" lE,Em;a;r yd u,,af.dv"
osjhsk" 2011'01'17
wfíúl%u" fidauodi" u,,af.dv-nKavdrkdhl >d;kh yd le,E m;a;r 02 fldgi TiS fldrhd ysi nQ .dhS" osjhsk"
2011'01'10

ßá.yfmd<" yxiud,d" u,,af.dv hkq ljfrla o?" osjhsk" 2015'09'03

yqre¨jej"chfikú'^2016&' lúh wúhla lr.;a fld<U hq.fha lúfhda. ó.uqj: wl=r fmd;a m%ldYlfhda

8
.=,j;a;" nkaOq, wd¾" .sks f.dvla <. .sksoe,a, t<solS' osjhsk"2016'12'19'
nkaOq;s,l"u,,af.dv'1990'weka'weï' fld<U(fidnd tkag¾m%hsiia'
nkaOq;s,l"u,,af.dv'2004'fld,aúka' fld<U(fI.d'
.=Kj¾Ok",,s;a'1999'ue;sjrK ldjH idys;Hh" 1931-1936"fld<U(f.dvf.a'
ir;a" ,hk,a' 2000',xldfõ jdudxYsl ckikaksfõokh uq,a hq.h" fld<U(f.dvf.a'
ir;a" ,hk,a'1991' ,xldfõ lïlremka;s wr.,h(uE; hq.fha l;dmqj;"ls%'j 1933 isg 1945 olajd " fld<U( ,xld
jD;a;Sh iñ;s iïfï,kh'
u,,af.dv lD;s tl;=j'2015"ixia( ßá.yfmd, yxiud,d"fld<U(f.dvf.a'