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Unidad 8 Word-processors, data bases, and spreadsheets

Jhon Steven Valencia Guzmán


Oscar Andrés Amaya Méndez
Luis David Lugo Arce

Expresión del ingles


Tecnología en gestión de base de datos
Universidad del Tolima
Ibagué-Tolima
2018
UNIT 8
Word-processors, data bases, and spreadsheets
8.1. PAIR WORK
Work in parís. Ask each other these quetions:
 Do you know the names of any Word-processors?
Yes, the Word processors we know are Word, notepad, Word pad, quick office,
and open office.
 Do you know how a Word-processor Works?
Word processors have different functions that allow a person to edit text without
retyping completely. As the text is entered or after it has been completed,
sections, which can be words and sentences up to paragraphs and pages, can
be moved, copied, deleted, altered and more information can be added while
the information remains displayed all the time as changes are made.
 What is a data-base?
A database is a collection of information organized so that a computer program
can quickly select the pieces of data it needs. A database is an electronic file
system. Traditional database are organized by fields, records, and files.
 What is a spreadsheet?
An electronic speadsheet is a type of document, which allows manipulating
numeric and alphanumeric data arranged in the from of tables composed of
cells (which are usually arranged in a two-dimensional array of rows and
columns).
8.2. READING TEXT
A) Read the text below
First read the text withtout stopping, and try to get a general idea of the content.
Then read it again more slowly, with a dictionary if necessary.
WORD-PROCESSORS, DATA BASES, AND SPREADSHEETS
word-processors, data bases, and spreadsheets are the three most popular
programs for micro computers; they are the essential programs for any office or
small business.
Word-processors
A Word-processor lets you manipulate text: you write tex tinto the memory of
the computer, no tonto paper, and so you do not have the constraints of pen sor
typewriters. You can <<play>> with the text (make changes, add or subtract
words or paragraphs) and then, when you are completely satisfied with the text,
you can ask the computer to print the texto ut on paper, using a printer. Word-
processors are used to write letters, reports, memos, even books nowadays.
You can keep your work store don a floppy or hard disk, so you have a record
of everything you write. A Word-processor will find all occurrences of a
particular Word and, if you as kit, will replace that Word with another. This
<<search and replace>> facility is usesd by companies to send
<<personalized>> letters to people: you write the basic letter (explaining your
company´s new product, for example) to Mr, Jones, and then, for each person
you write to, you replace Mr. Jones´name with the name of that person.
Data bases
A data base is a computerized cross-reference system: it lets you store,
organize, and retrieve information quickly and easily. Imagine that you have a
video rental shop. You want to know what videos you have , and which videos
are presently rented to which customer. A data base program lets you puta ll
this information into the computer´s memory, and then ask questions like <<is
the video “superman 3” in the shop today, and if not, which customer has got
it?>> the program can lista ll the comedy films, or war films, or musicals you
have. It can tell you how many of your customers live in a particular
neighborhood, how many people have rented Walt Disney films in the past
year. The advantage of a data base program over a card index system (like
libraries use) is that it´s much faster to consult, it occupies a lot less space, and,
like wor-processors, you can make any changes, additions or subtractions you
like.
Spreadsheet
A spreadsheet is normally used by businesses to keep a record of keep a
record of their accounts – how much money they spend on salaries, electricity,
transport, production costs, etc., - and to help in historical comparisons
budgets, and planning. These calculations are done on paper on what are
called <<ledger sheets>> , where all the numbers are divided into columns.
Every time a new product in introduced, or new prices are fixed, or salaries
change, or any change is made to the company, the entire ledger sheet has to
be written again. Spreadsheet programs let you write the ledger sheet into the
computer´s memory and make any changes you like, when you like, quickly
and surely. All the arithmetic is done by the computer, and the first spreadsheet
software was called the <<what if?>> program because you could as kit to
calculate the consequences of increasing prices by 10%, or of spending
$50,000 on a new machine, for example. The spreadsheet was the biggest
single reason for the micro computer revolution – it a saved small companies
and businesses hundreds of hours of tedious work and offered fast, error-free
arithmetic.
Nowadays there are a lot of <<integrated packages>> like lotus 1-2-3, which
combine Word-processors, data bases and spreadsheets in the same program
and let you pass information from one part of the program to the other.

B) questions about the text:


1. what are the most popular programs for micro-computers?
The most popular programs for microcomputers are Word processors,
databases and especially spreadsheets.
2. what does a Word-processors let you do?
A Word-processor lets you manipulate text: you write tect into the memory of
the computer, not onto paper, and so you do not have the constraints of pen sor
typewriters.
3. how can you use it?
Word-processors are used to write letters, reports, memos, even books
nowadays.
4. how is the <<search and replace>> facility used?
This function is used especially to search for and modify a specific text: you
write the basic letter (explaining the new product of your company, for example)
to Mr. Jones, and then, for each person you write, you replace the name of Mr.
Jones with the name of that person.
5. what does a data base do?
The database is a computerized cross-reference system: it allows you to store,
organize and retrieve information quickly and easily.
6. what are the great advantages of a data base?
The main advantage of a data base is that it allows to manage information in a
more appropiate way, it also helps us to consult information in a more truthful
and sinple way,in tum helps to save space.
7. where is a spreadsheets are used to maintain a record of accounts (how
much money they spend on wages, electricity, transportation productions costs,
etc). And to assist in historical comparisons, budgets and planning.
8. why was the spreadsheet the biggest reason for the microcomputer
revolution?
Because this helped save a lot time and money to make calculations accurate
arithmetic to the companies.
9. give one example of a spreadsheet operation.
One of the examples and use of spreadsheets is to perfom arithmetic
operations, helping a los in the administration of examples, salary.
10. what is an integrated package?
An integrated package is a combination of word processors, databases and
spreadsheets in the same program and allow you to pass information from one
part of the program to another. An example of this is the lotus 1-2-3.

8.3. VOCABULARY STUDY


A) look at the list words below. Check that you understand them all, using a
dictionary if necessary:
D) Fill the blanks.
below are 10 sentences. All of them a word missing. Fill in the missing word.
Use these words:
fast, combines, print, save, calculates, constraints, replaced, subtract, rent,
personalized.
1. If you are working on a long document, save your work every hours.
2. If you want to see what you have written in your letter print i ton paper.
3. An integrated package combines a word-processor, a database and
spreadsheet in the same progrm.
4. You can rent Walt Disney films from video clubs.
5. A personalized letter is addressed to one person in particular.
6. Computers work fast and efficiently.
7. I replaced my old computer for new clone made in Taiwan.
8. An abacus calculates almost as fast a computer.
9. To add and subtract are two initial mathematical operations.
10. In the past, astronomers worked under a lot of contraints –they didn´t have
any of the modern equipment or technology to help them.

8.5. GRAMMAR STUDY


A) negatives. Put these sentences into the negative.
EXAMPLE: A data base will do calculations for you.
A data base won´t do calculations for you.
1. A word-processor is an integrated package
A word-processor is not an integrated package.

2. With a data base you can write comercial letters.


With a database you can´t write comercial letters.

3. You can ask a spreadsheet to do a <<search and replace>> operation on a


text.
You can´t ask a spreadsheet to do a <<search and replace>> operation on
a text.

4. A word-processor will do subtractions.


A word-processor won´t do subtractions.

5. A spreadsheet lets you manipulate text.


A spreadsheet not lets you manipulate text.

6. A data base is called a ledger sheet.


A data base is not called a ledger sheet.
B) reported speech (part 1)
Look at this:
Dr. Grime <<lie down Tom>>.
The doctor told Tom to lie down.
Teacher: <<Jill, move the cursor>>.
The teacher told Jill to move the cursor.
These are two examples of reported or indirect speech. The imperative (<<sit
down!>>, <<look!>>) becomes the infinitive (to sit down, to go away, to look),
pareced by a verb such as: telll, order, command, ask, etc.
Put these following into reported speech. Use the words suggested.
EXAMPLE: write quickly! (she told me).
She told me to write quickly.
1. Pass the salt, please Mick (He asked)
He asked Mick to pass the salt.
2. Jane, pick up your book! (He rdered)
He ordered Jane to pick up him book.
3. Press Esc! (She told me)
She told me to mress Esc.
4. Clear the screen, Jim! (He told)
He told Jim to clear the screen
5. Print the letter, please Mary ¡ (He asked)
He asked Mary to print the letter

C) reported speech: the present tense


Look at this:
<<i live in Berlin.>>
He said he lived in Berlin.
In reported speech, sentences in the present tense go into the past tense.
Report these statements:

EXAMPLE: Bill <<I drink a glass of milk every day>>.


Bill said he drank a glass of milk every day.

1. Jhon: I go to school by train.


Jhon said He gone to school by train.

2. Dave: My father Works in a pharmaceutical company.


Dave said his father worked in a pharmaceutical company.

3. Ivan: It is very cold in Moscow in January.


Ivan said is very cold in Moscow in January.

4. Jill: I can´t swim.


Jill said him can´t swim.

5. Lew: I don´t like potatoes


Lew said him don´t like potatoes.

Report the following questions:

EXAMPLE: Me: what´s your name?


X: Susan.
I asked her what her name was.

1. Me: Excuse me, where is the station?


Policeman: Turn left, then right.
Ans/ I asked the policeman where the station is was.
2. Me: Who is per teacher?
John: His name is Mr. King.
Ans/ I Asked John who her teacher was.
3. Me: Where are your book?
Jane: At home.
Ans/ I asked Jane Where her book was.
4. Me: Are you busy?
Bill: Yes, lam.
Ans/ I asked Bill her busy was.
5. Me: Are Jack and Frank Bothers?
Ann: no, they aren´t.
Ans/ I asked Ann his brother are Jack and Frank was.
6. Me do you live
Ans/ I asked where he lived was.
7. Me: Do you like fish, Vince?
Ans/ I asked Vince his like a fish.
8. Have got a bicycle, Brian?
Ans/ I asked Brian his had a bicycle.
9. When does Henry start work, Ellen?
Ans/ I asked Ellen when start work Henry.
10. Me: Why do pu go to Greece every year Mike?
Ans/ I asked Mike gone a Greece every year.
8.6. WRITTING

8.6. WRITING
Below is a text written on a word-processed. There are a lot of mistakes, because it
is only the first Write the passage again, correcting the mistakes.
Mr. Jon.
Thanks, you very web you titter To
We ate vow to hue Of Your interest in au *is.
i that you are too in Madrid to Jun* i
whit
Gill Diaulic the 681. so, we egad
you, Ans/
Dear Mr. Jones,
Thanks, you very much for your letter of It June.
We are very glad to hear of your interest in our range of products.
I note that up are planning too bee in Madrid from 4rd to Bard June. I will be in
Madrid until) the 6st, so we could arrive an appointment whit up to discuss the
advertising campaign for your country.
Please let us know if this bee continent for you.
yours sincerli.
8.7. SUMMARY OF GRAMMAR
See the grammar summary at the back of the book for the book for an explanation
of Reported Speech:
• imperatives to infinitives
 present to the past

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