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Learning objectives:
1. Distinguish rocks from minerals.
2. Understand the types of rocks and the
rock cycle.
Where we are
• Today: Rocks & Minerals
• Next: Intrusive Igneous Rocks
• Then: Volcanoes
Today’s Plan
• Rocks vs. Minerals
- Minerals in rocks
• Rock Types
• Rock Cycle
• (Perhaps start discussing igneous rocks)
Rocks vs. Minerals
Rocks vs. Minerals
• [Show granite and discuss]
Rocks vs. Minerals
• [Show granite and discuss]
• Note that this is not what we mean by “mineral”
Rocks vs. Minerals
• [Show granite and discuss]
• Note that this is not what we mean by “mineral”
• [Show conglomerate]
Rock Types
Rock Types
• Four main rocks types - what are they?
Rock Types
• Four main rocks types - what are they?
- Igneous
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic
Rock Types
• Four main rocks types - what are they?
- Igneous
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic
- (Hydrothermal)
Rock Types
• Four main rocks types - what are they?
- Igneous
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic
- (Hydrothermal)
• How are they different?
Rock Types
• Four main rocks types - what are they?
- Igneous
- Sedimentary
- Metamorphic
- (Hydrothermal)
• How are they different?
• Can you give examples?
Igneous Rock
Sedimentary
Rock
Metamorphic Rock
1 cm
Hydrothermal Rock
What happens to rocks?
• Pair activity:
- Draw the rock cycle
Activity
Activity
• Get into groups of 2-3
Activity
• Get into groups of 2-3
• Choose one of the rocks: granite, conglomerate,
or schist
Activity
• Get into groups of 2-3
• Choose one of the rocks: granite, conglomerate,
or schist
• Consider what path through the rock cycle we
might have evidence for in the rock
Activity
• Get into groups of 2-3
• Choose one of the rocks: granite, conglomerate,
or schist
• Consider what path through the rock cycle we
might have evidence for in the rock
• Tell a “story” of what might have happened to
produce this rock
Activity
• Get into groups of 2-3
• Choose one of the rocks: granite, conglomerate,
or schist
• Consider what path through the rock cycle we
might have evidence for in the rock
• Tell a “story” of what might have happened to
produce this rock
- including the part we might have evidence for
Activity
• Get into groups of 2-3
• Choose one of the rocks: granite, conglomerate,
or schist
• Consider what path through the rock cycle we
might have evidence for in the rock
• Tell a “story” of what might have happened to
produce this rock
- including the part we might have evidence for
- and the part that there is no evidence for
Activity
• Get into groups of 2-3
• Choose one of the rocks: granite, conglomerate,
or schist
• Consider what path through the rock cycle we
might have evidence for in the rock
• Tell a “story” of what might have happened to
produce this rock
- including the part we might have evidence for
- and the part that there is no evidence for
• make up something plausible
And now let’s talk
about...
Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks
• Igneous rock textures: intrusive vs. extrusive
Igneous Rocks
• Igneous rock textures: intrusive vs. extrusive
• How magmas are produced: melting in the earth
Igneous Rocks
• Igneous rock textures: intrusive vs. extrusive
• How magmas are produced: melting in the earth
• How magmas change from original basalt
Igneous Rocks
• Igneous rock textures: intrusive vs. extrusive
• How magmas are produced: melting in the earth
• How magmas change from original basalt
• Intrusive features
Igneous Rocks
Igneous Rocks
• What are they? How are they different from
other rocks?
Igneous Rocks
• What are they? How are they different from
other rocks?
- Cool from molten rock (magma)!
Igneous Rocks
• What are they? How are they different from
other rocks?
- Cool from molten rock (magma)!
• Name some igneous rock types
Textures and Cooling
• Slow cooling = big crystals (intrusive)
• Fast cooling = small crystals (extrusive)
• Instant cooling=glass
Cooperative Quiz
• Look at the photos of igneous rocks
and vote:
A. Fast cooling (at or near Earth’s surface)
B. Slow cooling (kilometers beneath surface)
C. Cannot tell from photo
Felsic
Granite 05.02.b1-8
Felsic
Granite 05.02.b1-8
Felsic Intermediate
Granite Diorite 05.02.b1-8
Felsic Intermediate
Granite Diorite 05.02.b1-8
Rhyolite
Felsic Intermediate Mafic Ultramafic
Granite Diorite Gabbro Peridotite 05.02.b1-8
Rhyolite Andesite
Felsic Intermediate Mafic Ultramafic
Granite Diorite Gabbro Peridotite 05.02.b1-8