STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE SOP

SURVEY OF A MINE SUSPECTED AREA AND/OR PREMISES 01.

TECHNICAL SURVEY 01.03

HUMANITARIAN DEMINING TO 523

PLANNING A TECHNICAL SURVEY

TECHNICAL SURVEY TASK EXECUTION PLAN

PREPARATION FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF A TECHNICAL SURVEY

IMPLEMENTATION OF A TECHNICAL SURVEY

MARKING AND FENCING

DESTRUCTION OF MINES AND UXO

SAFETY AND PROTECTION MEASURES

MEDICAL SUPPORT AND EVACUATION

COMMUNICATION SYSTEM AT THE SITE

ANALYSIS AND REPORT

DIRECTOR OF CROMAC: Oto Jungwirth July 2007.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................2
1. AREA OF APPLICATION...........................................................................2
2. NORMATIVE REFERENCES ....................................................................2
3. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS ......................................................................2
4. PLANNING A TECHNICAL SURVEY ........................................................3
5. IMPLEMENTATION OF TECHNICAL SURVEY ........................................3
5.1. Preparations for the Implementation of a Technical Survey ..................3
6. IMPLEMENTATION OF A TECHNICAL SURVEY......................................7
6.1. Organisation of a Technical Survey Site................................................7
6.2. Staff Working on a Technical Survey ..................................................11
6.4. Criteria for Establishing the Presence of Minefields ............................28
6.5. Mine suspected area Marking and Fencing.........................................28
6.6. Destruction of Mines and UXO ............................................................28
6.7. Safety and Protection Measures .........................................................28
6.8. Internal Quality Assurance of a Technical Survey ...............................28
6.9. Visitors at the Site ...............................................................................29
6.10. Communication System at the Site ...................................................29
6.11. Medical Support and Evacuation.......................................................30
6.12. Production of the Report, Recording data into the MIS, Control,
Analysis and Verification of the Technical Survey Results .........................31
7. ANNEXES................................................................................................32

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INTRODUCTION

A Technical Survey is a part of a continuous process of gathering, processing and analysing of

data, which enables the overall reassessment of mine situation (SOP 01.01).
A Technical survey (TS) is a procedure conducted within mine suspected area boundaries. Its objective
is to establish the accuracy of the information collected during a General Survey, to collect additional
information on features of the area for the purpose of the overall reassessment of the mine situation
and, to establish the presence of mine contamination in the area/premises.

A Technical Survey is conducted by CROMAC in accordance with the legislation regulating the field of
humanitarian demining and with CROMAC's respective standard operating procedures. After a
Technical Survey has been completed, CROMAC designs a project proposal for either Mine Search or
Mine Clearance.

1. AREA OF APPLICATION

The Standard Operating Procedures (SOP) define operating procedures and measures for a
Technical Survey in accordance with the Law on Humanitarian Demining, Rules and Regulations on
Humanitarian Demining1, adopted standards as well as the responsibilities and organisational structure
of the Croatian Mine Action Centre.

2. NORMATIVE REFERENCES

This standard is based on the International Mine Action Standards (IMAS 08.20), legislation
regulating the field of humanitarian demining in the Republic of Croatia (Law on Humanitarian Demining,
Rules and Regulations on Humanitarian Demining and other rules and regulations that regulate
humanitarian demining). It has been harmonised with other CROMAC standard operating procedures
and other normative documents. A list of normative references is given in Annex A.

3. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS

Terms and definitions in this SOP are in compliance with IMAS definitions of terms and
procedures that relate to survey and overall mine action. (Annex B).

1Translator's note: The document translated on previous ocassions as: „The Book on Rules and Regulations on the Method
of Conducting Humanitarian Demining Operations“

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4. PLANNING A TECHNICAL SURVEY

A Technical Survey is planned and implemented in accordance with the Annual and the Three-
year Humanitarian Demining Plans and, with Quarterly and Monthly Plans of Operations. It aims to
collect additional information on the mine situation in mine suspected and mined areas that are
prioritised for handover to communities for safe use. Furthermore, it collects additional data for those
areas where Mine Search/Mine Clearance activities are included in the annual plan, providing CROMAC
believes that a Technical Survey should be conducted there based on general survey analysis.
A Technical Survey is planned and conducted only after other general survey methods have been
exhausted. (SOP 01.01).

5. IMPLEMENTATION OF TECHNICAL SURVEY

A Technical Survey is conducted based on CROMAC's Plan of Operations and instruction given
by the Head of Department for Organisation and Analysis of General and Technical Survey, following
the analysis of the information collected during a General Survey (SOP 01.01.). The main aim of the
Technical Survey is:
1. to examine the accuracy and authenticity of documents and information on mine
contamination (minefield records, mine clearance records, information from the
maps showing minefields, mine incidents, areas where there were detonations
during fires and other) in cases where the accuracy and authenticity of those
documents and information could not have been confirmed through a General
Survey;
2. to define the borders of a mine suspected area if that was not possible through a
General Survey due to the imprecision of information received and an impossible
access to former fighting positions.
Implementation of a Technical Survey is possible only if it is based on a high quality analytical
assessment and the criteria of justifiability, effectiveness and efficiency.

5.1. Preparations for the Implementation of a Technical Survey

Preparation for the implementation of a Technical Survey includes the accomplishment of

planned activities, which will result in an environment favourable for the implementation of the
Technical Survey. Those activities are:

- defining a technical survey task,

- instruction for the implementation of the Technical Survey, appointment of the Head of
Site, a deputy to the Head of Site and the Team Leader,
- briefing for the Head of Site and the Team Leader,
- production of the task execution plan for the respective Technical Survey,
- briefing of deminers-surveyors and auxiliary workers (mechanical operators),
- provision of logistics support,
- introduction to Technical Survey operations.

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5.1.1.Defining a Technical Survey task

A Technical Survey is performed based on a clearly defined project task, which is an outcome
of a thorough analysis of results from a previously conducted General Survey, i.e. of a conclusion that
information collected during the General Survey is not sufficient for the precise categorisation of the
mine suspected area (whether the area should be demined or mine searched), reassessment of the
mine situation and production of the project proposal. Analysis of the General Survey results and
defining a Technical Survey task is conducted by the Department for Organisation and Analysis of
General and Technical Survey. Based on the recommendation by the Head of Department for
Organisation and Analysis of General and Technical Survey, the Assistant Director decides on
implementation of the Technical Survey in a specific area.

5.1.2. Instruction for implementation of the Technical Survey, appointment of the Head of Site, a
deputy to the Head of Site and the Team Leader

The Head of Department for Organisation and Analysis of General and Technical Survey gives the
instruction for implementing the Technical Survey. On the recommendation of the Assistant Director for
Operations, the Director of CROMAC appoints the Head of Technical Survey Site, his/her deputy and
the Team Leader for every individual Technical Survey.

5.1.3. Briefing for the Head of Technical Survey Site and the Technical Survey Team Leader

The briefing for the Head of Site and the Team Leader is done by the Head of Department for
Organisation and Analysis of General and Technical Survey. It involves information on instruction for
implementation of the Technical Survey, presentation and studying of the Technical Survey task (aims
and activities).

5.1.4. Production of the Technical Survey Task Execution Plan

The Technical Survey Task Execution Plan (IZVPTI) is the key document for implementation of
the Technical Survey. It is verified by the Head of Department for Organisation and Analysis of General
and Technical Surveyand the Assistant Director for Operations and signed by the Director of CROMAC.
The Technical Survey Task Execution Plan is produced at the Department for Organisation and
Analysis of General and Technical Survey by the Head of Technical Survey Site and survey advisors. In
order to produce a high quality document the Head of Site is obliged to perform analytical preparation
and do a field survey of the area designated for the Technical Survey.
A Task Execution Plan is made in accordance with the Rules and Regulations on Task Documentation
in Humanitarian Demining,2 and consists of:

A) GENERAL PART
General part consists of the following:
- name and address of the institution, type of the task, name of the task and date will read on
the cover page;

2Translator's note: The document translated on previous ocassions as: „Rules and Regulations on Method of Project
Documentation Development“

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 - task ID No., name and signature of the person that produced the Task Execution Plan,
name and signature of the person in charge and stamp (all in original) will read on the 2nd
page;
- table of contents specifying names of the chapters, page numbers and numbers of tables
and figures will read on the 3rd page;

B) TECHNICAL PART

1. Task description
- provides basic information on the task: size, specified depth, terrain, soil characteristics, mine
situation, mine incidents as well as the objective of the Technical Survey;
2. List of staff that will be conducting activities on the site (deminers, auxiliary workers,
paramedic, doctor, driver). The list of deminers and auxiliary workers should specify teams,
accreditation numbers, expiry dates for medical tests, insurance policy' numbers with valid
dates and numbers of the certificates for the use of metal detectors;
3. Statement by the Head of Site and his/her deputy confirming that they have been
familiarized with the Task Execution Plan;
4. Decision on appointment of the Head of Site, his/her deputy and the Team Leader;
5. List of devices and equipment that will be used on the site: list of protective equipment by
types and years of production, list of metal detectors with their serial numbers and last service
dates, list of demining machines by types, numbers of their usability evaluation certificates and
expiry dates of those certificates, list of communication devices, number of the ambulance
registration plate and lists of other devices and equipment that will be used on the site;
6. Site scheme presented on a map at the scale of 1:5000 must include: site boundary, base
line, control points, positions for hazard signs, command post, parking, equipment storage area,
area designated for the position of the ambulance and administration of first aid, metal detector
testing area, mines/UXO/their fragments collection point, latrine;
7. Communication plan: direct radio communication between the site staff and telephone
communication with CROMAC, nearest hospital, police headquarters, fire brigade and 112;
8. Technical description of the survey process a dynamic plan include: methods used on the
site, direction of survey lanes, implementation and internal control phases. This information is
presented on a map at the scale of 1:5000. Planned results per each method and a dynamic
plan of resource engagement are enclosed to the technical description;
9. Safety measures and protection at work: to specify safety measures and protection at work
appropriate for the specific site; to present direction of the ambulance movement to the nearest
hospital on a topographic map at the scale of 1: 25000.

The Task Execution Plan is made in 3 copies of which one is delivered to the Ministry of Interior –
Inspectorate, one to the Department for Organisation and Analysis of General and Technical Survey
and one to the archive.

5.1.5. Briefing of deminers and auxiliary workers

Briefing of deminers and auxiliary workers is done by the Head of Technical Survey Site and the
Team Leader.
It involves information on instruction for implementation of the Technical Survey, presentation of
the Task Execution Plan content, tasking every individual and personal preparation (studying valid rules
and regulations, takeover and check up of the equipment, devices, demining machine and vehicles).

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5.1.6. Logistics support

Preparation of the logistics support for implementation of a Technical Survey includes a check up of
devices and equipment, organisation of accommodation, provision of funding for travel expenses to the
survey team during the Technical Survey.
The Head of Department for Organisation and Analysis of General and Technical Survey and the Head
of Technical Survey Site are responsible for preparation of the logistics support.
Necessary logistics support is regulated with a special internal request based on the instruction for
implementation of the Technical Survey.

The following is specified in the request:

a) list of devices and equipment that have to be issued for temporary use;
b) need for renewal of expandable devices and equipment;
c) provision of medical support;
d) provision of accommodation in the area of the Technical Survey;
e) need for travel expenses;
f) provision of transportation of a demining machine, armoured vehicle and other equipment;
g) provision of fuel for demining machines and of other devices necessary for a high quality
performance of demining machines.

Devices and equipment for a Technical Survey:

a) protective equipment
- flak jacket with a protective vest including groin protection
- helmet with a visor
- ear protection, only during destruction of mines and UXO
- protective suit, depending on hazard level.
b) manual survey equipment: prodder, metal detector, mini set of tools (leatherman), knife, small
shovel.
c) vegetation removal tools (machettes, hedge scissors, mowers and similar).
d) demining machines and accompanying equipment.
e) devices and equipment for marking of the mine suspected area and the Technical Survey site.
f) measurement devices: compass, laser range finder, measuring tape.
g) observation devices: binocular.
h) equipment for documenting: laptop, digital camera, drawing and writing equipment.
i) Vehicles.
j) Working clothes and footwear.
The takeover and check up of the devices and equipment is done under preparation for implementation
of a Technical Survey.

5.1.7. Introduction to Technical Survey operations

Before beginning of the Technical Survey, The Head of Department for Organisation and Analysis of
General and Technical Survey or a Survey Advisor appointed by the Head will introduce the Head of
Technical Survey site to the operations.

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During the introduction it is mandatory to establish the base line, possible deviations from the Task
Execution Plan and to state any comments if there are any.. After completion of the introduction, the
Head of Department for Organisation and Analysis of General and Technical Survey produces and
signs a Report on the Introduction. The Report is part of the Technical Survey documentation.

6. IMPLEMENTATION OF A TECHNICAL SURVEY

Implementation of a Technical Survey, based on the Task Execution Plan, begins after the introduction
to operations.

Implementation of Technical Survey includes:

- organisation and marking of a Technical Survey site
- human resources for a Technical Survey
- Technical Survey methods
- organisation and implementation of safety measures and protection at work
- medical support
- destruction of mines and UXO
- marking and/or fencing
- final analysis of the Technical Survey results and production of reports.

6.1. Organisation of a Technical Survey Site

A Technical Survey site is an area where survey is conducted in accordance with the approved
Technical Survey Task Execution Plan.
A Technical Survey site is organised in accordance with the Technical Survey Task Execution Plan
including the provision of safety measures and protection of deminers conducting the survey, the Head
of Technical Survey Site, the local population, persons moving in the vicinity of the site, economic
premises and the environment.

A Technical Survey site consists of the following designated areas:

a) a position for the sign informing about the ongoing Technical Survey and forbidding access to
the site, passing through and presence in the vicinity of the site
b) control points
c) base line
d) equipment storage area
e) metal detector testing area
f) parking area for vehicles and demining machines
g) mines/UXO/their fragments collection point
h) waste disposal area
i) area designated for the ambulance position and administration of first aid
j) rest area

6.1.1. Marking of the Technical Survey site

Before the beginning of the operations it is necessary to:

- place a sign informing about the ongoing Technical Survey and forbidding access to the site,

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 passing through and presence in the vicinity of the site
- mark safe access routes within the mine suspected area in order to enable an access to the site
- mark the base line
- mark the control point
- mark the parking area for vehicles and demining machines
- mark the equipment storage area
- mark the area designated for the ambulance and first aid
- mark the metal detector testing area
- mark the rest area
- mark the waste disposal area and the mines/UXO/their fragments collection point.

A) Warning sign informing about the ongoing survey is 100 cm x 50 cm large and is placed up on a
holder at the height of 1 m from the ground on all routes leading to the site. The front side is red and
includes white letters and signs: beware of mines, access denied and a skull with crossed bones. Its
back side is white.

Figure 1: Warning side informing about the ongoing Technical Survey

B) Marking of above mentioned routes and areas is done at the height of at least 0.5 m from the
ground with the use of pickets that are linked with white tape reading mines in black colour. Marking of
the base line is done with red tape. (Figure 2).

MINE MINE MINE MINE

0,5m COMMAND POST

Figure 2: Equipment for and methods of marking of the area and the base line

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 1m

Figure 3. Equipment for and methods of marking of the site and safe access routes

6.1.2. Safety distances

It is necessary to respect safety distances during the destruction of mines, UXO and their fragments in
order to avoid possible impacts of fragments, explosive ordnance and stones.

Table 1. Safety distances

TYPE OF EXPLOSIVE
NO. SAFETY DISTANCE in m
ORDNANCE
Antipersonnel blast mines, hand
grenades, handheld mortar shells,
1. anti-tank grenades and other 200 – 300
explosive ordnance with up to 3 mm
thick case
2. Antipersonnel fragmentation mines 300 – 500
3. Antitank mines 500 – 1000
250 – 500
4. Mortar shells up to 76 mm

5. Anti-tank ammunition from 76 to 105 300 – 600

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 mm, mortar shells up to 82 mm
Anti-tank ammunition from 105 to
6. 400 – 800
122 mm, mortar shells up 120 mm
Anti-tank ammunition from 122 to
7. 600 – 1200
155 mm
Anti-tank ammunition larger than 155
8. 750 – 1500
mm
9. Bombs up 500 kg 1000 – 2000
10. Bombs larger than 500 kg 1250 – 2500

The safety distance between deminers conducting Technical Survey must be at least 25 metres, and in
case fragmentation mines are found the safety distance must be increased to at least 50 metres.

The safety distance between deminers and a demining machine must be at least 100 metres.

During mechanical ground preparation run by remote control, the safety distance between the
mechanical operator and the machine must be at least 100 metres if he is wearing protective equipment
or 30 metres if he is located in an armoured vehicle.

The control point must be at least 100 metres away from the Technical Survey site.

When a mine, UXO or their fragments are found, the Technical Survey, i.e. survey on the site must be
suspended within safety distance boundaries.

Safety routes necessary for the access to the site must be at least 1.5 m wide. Safety routes necessary
for the access to the site and are longer than 500 metres must be at least 3 m wide.

The area designated for the temporary disposal of mines, UXO and their fragments must be located
within the site.

Found mines, UXO and their fragments must be supervised at all times until their destruction.

Auxiliary workers, except for the mechanical operator running the machine from an armoured vehicle,
may move only on those areas of the site that had been previously surveyed or mine cleared.

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Figure 4: Designated areas, marking and safety distances on the site

6.1.3. Technical documentation on the site

The Head of Site must have the following documents on him while on the site:
The Technical Survey Task Execution Plan
- Law on Humanitarian Demining and other legislation regulating humanitarian demining
- SOP 01.03. Technical Survey
- Daily site plan
- Daily collective reports on the operations completed since beginning of the Technical Survey,
including Team Leaders' daily reports on the areas surveyed and on internal control conducted
- Working map
- Records of staff presence and other.

6.2. Staff Working on a Technical Survey

Technical Survey activities are performed by CROMAC's deminers-surveyors, the Head of Site
and the Team Leader.

6.2.1. Head of Site

The Head of Site manages all Technical Survey activities on the site. During the operations

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he/she must have a Head of Site ID on him/her. The Head of Site is obliged to conduct the operations in
accordance with the Law on Humanitarian Demining, other respective legislation and CROMAC's SOP.
He/she must be present at the site.
The Director of CROMAC appoints the Technical Survey Head of Site and his/her deputy.

Head of Site's responsibilities:

A) Before beginning of a Technical Survey the Head of Site is obliged to:

- to establish if weather conditions are favourable for Technical Survey activities.

B) During a Technical Survey the Head of Site is obliged to:

- mark the base line,
- keep the site diary,
- produce daily collective reports with the a map at the scale of 1:5000 where daily results are
recorded,
- comply with the Technical Survey Task Execution Plan
- manage and supervise all Technical Survey activities,
- designate and mark a site area for the temporary disposal of found mines, UXO and their
fragments
- decide if the mines and UXO found will be destroyed in situ,
- implement safety and protection measures,
- coordinate the Team Leaders' activities,
- supervise mechanical operators during operations of demining machines,
- maintain radio communication,
- monitor the control point and movements on the site,
- manage medical evacuation procedures on the site,
- supervise the internal control.

6.2.2. TS Team Leader

The Technical Survey Team Leader manages the activities of a team. He/she must have on
him/her a deminer’s at all times during work. The Team Leader msut ensure that all activities at the site
are conducted in line with the Law on Humanitarian Demining, rules and regulations and CROMAC’s
SOP. The Team Leader must be present at the site. The Team Leader and his/her deputy are appointed
by the Director of CROMAC.

Team Leader's responsibilities:

A) Before beginning of a Technical Survey the Team Leader is obliged to:

- make a working plan and necessary sketches in accordance with the Technical Survey Task
Execution Plan
- have a meeting with deminers and establish individual daily performances,
- check if deminers have the necessary protective equipment and check if equipment and
machines are in working order,
- dismiss a deminer who, according to his/her own statement or according to Team Leader's
judgement is not able achieve his/her daily performance
- deploy deminers to their working positions,
- have a meeting with the mechanical operators and establish their individual daily performances,

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 - dismiss a mechanical operator who, according to his/her own statement or according to Team
Leader's judgement is not able achieve his/her daily performance
- deploy mechanical operators to their working positions.

B) During a Technical Survey the Team Leader is obliged to:

conduct a daily site plan of his/her team,
define and supervise safety distance on the site,
monitor if the deminers are wearing personal protective equipment,
supervise the survey method,
inform the Head of Site on every mine, UXO or fragment found,
suggest a method of deactivation or destruction in situ to the Head of Site,
run deactivation and destruction in situ of mines, UXO or fragments found, in accordance with Head of
Site's approval,
organise and conduct daily internal control of the team he/she is managing.
The Team Leader must not perform the activities of deminer, except for the daily internal control.

C) After working hours, the Team Leader will make a report on the area surveyed and internal
control conducted including a sketch (with records on the searched areas) and the report on
found mines, UXO and their fragments, stating their type and including a sketch with their
positions. This report is verified by the Technical Survey Head of Site.
The Team Leader checks accuracy of information written in personal supervisory booklets of
deminers-surveyors.

6.2.3. Deminers and auxiliary workers

Deminers conduct a Technical Survey organised in teams that consist of at least two and maximum ten
deminers. They must perform their activities in a way that no mines, UXO and their fragments remain
after they complete their work. During a working day deminers can work on a Technical Survey for a
maximum of 5 hours.

While conducting a Technical Survey, deminers must have on them their humanitarian demining IDs
and personal supervisory booklets in which they record their working hours on daily basis.

Deminers conducting a Technical Survey with the use of metal detectors must be trained to work with
those particular detectors, which they prove with a certificate issued by HCR-CTRO ltd. Zagreb.
CROMAC will insure deminers-surveyors in case of death at 400,000 HRK minimum or at 600,000 HRK
minimum in case of an injury resulted from activities under a Technical Survey.
Auxiliary workers conduct auxiliary activities on a Technical Survey site. During work they must have
humanitarian demining IDs for auxiliary workers.

6.3. Technical Survey Methods

6.3.1. Technical Survey methods

- manual mine detection (metal detector and / or prodder)

- combination of a demining machine and manual mine detection

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6.3.1.1. Manual mine detection

With the manual mine detection method, deminers-surveyors detect mines, UXO and their
fragments using metal detectors and/or prodders.
The width of the working lane may not exceed 1.2 metres with overlaps of 10 centimetres on each side.
The length of each working lane, starting from the base line, may not exceed 50 metres. After 50 metres
is done, a new lane is started. When all lanes are surveyed, a new base line is established.
When applying this method, a deminer must check all detection spots. Under no circumstance
may he step over the mine tape or any other sign into the mine suspected area.

Techniques with prodders

A prodder is a tool for detecting AP and AT mines and their parts that have been laid under the
ground surface. It is consisted of a handle made of aluminium and a sharp pointed rod made of
stainless steel.
Search is conducted in a way that the prodder point is thrusted 20 cm into the ground under the angle
between 30 and 45 degrees.
The distance between two probed spots may not exceed 3 centimetres. Probing is done slowly and
gradually so a fuse would not be activated due to sudden pressure. This is particularly important with
antipersonnel blast mines. It is done in a semicircle from right to left or vice versa (with the use of a base
stick or something else). The presence of a mine is felt, since this technique requires a direct contact
between a tool and a mine or UXO.
When the source of a metal detector signal is checked, the probing must start at least 10 cm away from
the spot where a metal detector signalled detection.

In order to conduct a complete and safe search and marking of the spots where mines and UXO have
been found, probing frequency is as follows:
4-5 probes on 1 dm square3 when looking for antipersonnel mines,
15-20 probes on 1 m square when looking for antitank mines.

3
Translator's note: 10 cm x 10 cm

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Figure 5: Position (angle) of a prodder during the search and detection of mines and UXO in a mined or
mine suspected area.

Techniques with metal detectors

Metal detectors are devices intended for the detection of mines, UXO and their fragments that
containing any quantity of metal. Mines and UXO with no metal will not be detected. Metal detectors can
detect above the mentioned mines and UXO in the ground, shallow fresh water and sea. The devices
work on a principle of electro-magnetic induction.
The basic parts of a metal detector are: electronic unit, detection head and telescopic handle.
Metal detector search is done by holding a metal detector and keeping its head parallel with
the ground, as closest to the ground as possible (from 2 to 5 cm above the surface). The search is done
with semi-circle moves at width of 1.2 metres and speed of 0.03 to 1 metre a second.
While searching for and detecting mines and UXO, a deminer is in a standing position. Sometimes,
depending on a terrain risk, he/she may take other positions (kneeling, lying down). Every detection
must be checked with a prodder, and a mine found must be marked.
If metal waste is detected, it must be taken out, removed from the searched area and disposed of in the
area designated for metal waste disposal.

A deminer uses a metal detector in accordance with the training, retraining for every specific
metal detector, producers' instructions and his/her own personal experience with metal detectors.

Metal detectors must be checked and maintained regularly. It is adjusted and tested before beginning of
the operations in a working lane.

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 Table 2. Estimate of possible deminers' performances in case of manual mine detection
following the mechanical ground preparation (manual detection as the second method)

POSSIBLE
COVERED DEPTH PERFORMANCE
No.
up to m2/ a day
Manual detection in conjunction with
1 demining machines reaching the 450
specified depth
Manual detection in conjunction with
2 demining machines not reaching the 300
specified depth
Manual detection in conjunction with
3 250
assisting machines used in demining

Table 3. Estimate of possible deminers’ performances in case of the use of manual mine
detection (as the first method)

SITE CONDITIONS
No. POSSIBLE
GROUND
MINE SITUATION PERFORMANCE
CONDITIONS
up to m2/ a day

Very difficult Presence of a mine field

Up to 50
and/or confirmed
particularly Presence of a mine field
1. Up to 75
specific assumed
ground
conditions No indications of presence of Up to 150
a mine field
Presence of a mine field
Favourable Up to 75
confirmed
and/or
2. difficult Presence of a mine field
Up to 150
ground assumed
conditions No indications of presence of
Up to 250
a mine field

Vegetation removal tools

Vegetation removal tools used in unclear parts of the working lanes must be of minimal
dimensions, so deminers would have full control over a manual search. Tools that cut horizontally are
used for vegetation removal in unclear parts of the working lanes. It is forbidden to use the tools that cut
vertically in unclear parts of the working lane and, so is the use of large tools that cut horizontally, such
as a machette, axe, scythe, a larger sickle and similar.
Larger tools may be used on a surveyed part of the working lane. However, they must be used in a

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proper and safe way, respecting all measures for protection at work. Detected objects are dug out with
the use of small garden shovels with sharp top. An appropriate knife may be used for this purpose too.

6.3.1.2 Demining machines in a Technical Survey

Demining machines are units that mechanically prepare mine suspected areas and/or mined
areas to the depth specified in the respective Technical Survey Task Execution Plan. They remove
vegetation (by cutting and/or grinding) and destroy mines and UXO (by activating and/or smashing
them.
Demining machines used in Technical Surveys are intended to reduce the time and effort necessary for
surveys of large areas and to create safe conditions for the deployment of deminers-surveyors and use
of the manual mine detection method.

Demining machines may not be used as an independent method in a Technical Survey

but only in conjunction with manual detection. The lane mechanically prepared by a demining
machine, regardless whether it reaches the specified depth or not, is in total surveyed with the
use of manual mine detection method.

Only the machines that have been evaluated and have the following features may be used for
Technical Surveys:
a) able to work in different conditions (soil, vegetation and slopes),
b) provide safety for a mechanical operator,
c) may enter a mined area as the first tool applied there
d) achieve high quality conditions for subsequent engagement of deminers in a mined area.

When planning the use of machines and during the use itself it is necessary to consider to the
following:
a) size of the mine suspected area (MSA) defined with the Task Execution Plan (estimate if it
the use of machine is efficient),
b) type of vegetation, category of the land, horizontal and vertical slopes,
c) level of mine contamination and types of mines.

The MSA to be mechanically prepared should be:

- flat or having slopes of up to 20%;
- with rare trees or grassy with rare and low bushes;
- well drained (with no water);
- accessible to vehicles.

The use of demining machines should be avoided in the MSA that:

- is swampy, silty and has underground waters;
- is covered in dense trees or forests (trees ticker than 10 cm);
- is abundant in deep irrigation canals and dykes;
- is abundant in fences, electrical, telecommunication cables or waterpipes;
- has steep slopes or abysses;
- is too rocky;
- is particularly uneven.

17
Demining machines with a remote control may not be used when the air temperature is under 4
degrees Celsius. Demining machines may not be used in the areas where the presence of AT
mines has been confirmed or assumed.

Table 4. Categorisation of land:

LAND PHOTO DESCRIPTION OF LAND / CATEGORY

1st CATEGORY
- Black earth, loam, compressed sand, hard and medium hard soil
covered in vegetation
- Working with hand tools (shovel, pick) is possible
- Use of a prodder (as specified) is possible
2nd CATEGORY
- Soil mixed with stones, soil prevails, thin vegetation
- Stone are mostly slate stones, soft and easily crushable with a machine
working tool
- It is difficult to use a prodder
3rd CATEGORY
- Rocky ground, flat stones with soil in between, possible existence of low
vegetation
- Medium hard stones
- Working tool may be used at a reduced depth (10 cm)
- Prodders may be used only in some places
4th CATEGORY
SPECIAL - Special conditions are those where above three categories do not fit
CONDITIONS - It is difficult to work with a machine with acceptable performance
- These conditions should be described in the report

Figure 5. Categorisation of vegetation:

VEGETATION DESCRIPTION OF VEGETATION / CATEGORY

PHOTO

LOW VEGETATION
- New or dry grass of lower or higher density, weeds, presence of rare
and low bushes up to 1 m high
- 80% of grass and 20% of bushes on a prepared lane

18
 MEDIUM VEGETATION
- Grass, weeds, individual bushes, vegetation of a higher density,
height from 1 to 2 m
- Presence of rare individual trees of 10 cm in diameter
- 50% of grass, 50% of bushes and 10 trees on a prepared lane

HIGH VEGETATION
• Low and high bushes, weeds, grass
• High vegetation density
• Over 2 m high
• Presence of individual trees of over 10 cm in diameter
• 20% of grass, 40% of low bushes, 40% of high bushes and 15 trees
on a prepared lane
Special conditions are those where above three categories do not fit
SPECICIAL It is difficult to work with a machine with acceptable performance
CONDITIONS These conditions should be described in the report

Ground conditions:

Favourable ground conditions

Flat land with horizontal and vertical slopes of 0 to 5° indicates favourable land conditions. The soil is
mostly made of black earth, loam or compressed sand. It is medium hard, of a low humidity and covered
in low vegetation. The vegetation is consisted of new or dry grass of a lower or higher density, weeds,
rare and low bushes up to 0.5 m high.
The land is easily worked on with hand tools (shovel and pick) and it is possible to use a prodder (it can
reach the specified depth) and a metal detector.
There are no minerals in the soil. It is not contaminated in metals.

Difficult ground conditions

Hilly land with vertical and horizontal slopes of 6 to 15° indicates difficult ground conditions. The soil is
mostly made of black earth, loam or sand. It is hard or of a high humidity. The soil is mixed with stones.
However, the soil prevails. Scarce vegetation is of low and medium height.
Stone is slate, it is soft and easy to crash with a demining machine working tool.
Low vegetation is up to 1 metre high and medium up to 2 metres. There is a presence of individual trees
with a diameter of up to 10 cm.
Since this land is hard, it is difficult to use hand tools and prodders there. It is not easy to reach the
specified depth with a prodder. It is also difficult to use metal detectors due to a presence of minerals
and metals in the soil.
Land with a higher level of humidity and land covered in water also belong to this category. Use of
demining machines is difficult here too.

19
 Very difficult ground conditions

Land with steep canals, ditches, dykes and larger hills indicate very difficult conditions. Ground is mostly
rocky, made of flat stones with little soil in between. Possible presence of vegetation.
Rocks are medium hard. Demining machines' working tools reach reduced depths (up to 10 cm).
The vegetation consists of low bushes and dense high bushes of over 2 metres. There are individual
trees of over 20 cm in diameter.
Forest areas are intersected with ditches and water-worn ravines; trees are over 3 metres high and over
20 cm in diameter.
Because the land is increasingly hard and abundant in rocks, it is very difficult to work on such a land
with hand tools. A prodder may be properly used in some places only.
The soil is reach in minerals and heavily contaminated in metals.
Swampy areas with and without any vegetation come under category of very difficult conditions. If the
land is underwater and swampy, the use of demining machines is very limited.

Special conditions

High steeps mountain ranges, river canyons with steep and difficult slopes, dense and impassable
forests, impassable rocky ground covered in dense bushes or small dense forests with trees over 3
metres high and of over 20 cm in diameter define special conditions.
Ground features make it very hard or impossible to deploy a demining machine with a prospect of
acceptable performance.
It is not possible to use hand tools on the land due to its hardness and presence of stones. A prodder
may not be properly used.
Ruins, ruined storages with mines and UXO, abysses and well with mines and UXO, debris and similar
may be found on such a land.

Logistics support

When a demining machine is used, it is necessary to anticipate and provide the necessary
logistics support. It refers to the following:
a) provision of a sufficient quantity of fuel, oil and other consumables;
b) provision of spare parts based on an estimate of the expected level of mine contamination,
type of mines, land category and type of vegetation;
c) if possible, provision of a spare working tool (it is maximally exposed to detonations);
d) provision of service and maintenance for the machine.

Depending on purpose and type, every demining machine must have certain mandatory equipment:
a) A demining machine that holds a crew in its cabin must have a 6kg fire extinguisher of ABC
class. The fire extinguisher (S6) must be maintained on a regular basis, in accordance with
the Rules and Regulations on Maintenance and Selection on Fire Extinguishers;
b) An Uporabna plate must be mounted on every demining machine;
c) A book with information on the annual tests containing the following:
• General information on the machine,
• Drive engine,
• Working tool drive,
• Working tool,
• Operating the machine,
• Protection,
• Trial work of the machine.

20
Operating the machine
While operating the machine with a remote control, the mechanical operator may be
positioned either in an armoured vehicle or behind the machine but at a safe distance and wearing the
protective equipment. The armoured vehicle may move behind the demining machine at a safe distance
(30 m) on the land that has been surveyed and is safe. If the machine is operated with a remote control,
the operator will be wearing protective equipment and will be at a safe distance (at least 100 m away).
The operator must move only on surveyed and safe land.
When operating the machine from its own cabin, the operator is positioned in the armoured cabin on a
fixed seat with a safety belt. The operator is wearing a flak jacket and a helmet with ear protection
including a built in communication system with the site.

The following table shows safety distances.

Table 6. Safety distances

No. POSITIONS Minimal distances from the

machine
1 The operator is in a shelter or in an armoured 30 m
vehicle
2 The operator is in open area 100 m
3 Deminers applying manual methods 100 m
4 Ambulance Minimum 100 m
5 Other staff and visitors Minimum 100 m

Procedures in case of a machine breakdown

If a machine breaks down while in a mine suspected or mined area, it must be pulled out in
order to be fixed. If a failure is of such nature that the machine cannot be driven to the safe area, it is
necessary to apply the manual demining method in order to make an access route to the machine and
to mark the safe area around the machine. Movement over the site that has not been surveyed is not
allowed.

Fire protection and procedures

Every demining machine must be equipped with a specified fire extinguisher. Its pressure must
be checked every day as part of a routine check up.
It is not permitted to enter the area that has not be surveyed in order extinguish the machine on fire. If
the operator cannot direct the machine to the safe area, he/she should take special precautionary
measures while extinguishing the fire. Firstly, it is necessary to create safe access to the machine with
the use of manual demining methods and then get the machine into the safe area.
Procedures for extinguishing a machine on fire should be practised at least once every three months.
Those drills should be recorded in the site diary.

Procedures for repairing and checking up the machine

21
 After completion of daily work on a Technical Survey where the mechanical method has been
applied, it is mandatory to check the working tool, tracks, protectors, chains and all mobile cog-wheels
and see a mine or UXO remained stuck between them.
One should act particularly carefully and professionally in case a mine, UXO or their fragments are
found in any part of the machine. The mechanical operator or a deminer may request for an expert
advice through the Head of Site.
The machine must be equipped with basic repair tools, which are checked on daily basis as part of the
daily control. Machines and armoured vehicles may be checked and repaired on safe ground only.
When a machine is fuelled, its engine must be off.
Smoking and use of open flames is not permitted during fuelling.
Before beginning of the operations it is necessary to check the machine and its Prije početka rada
potrebno je prekontrolirati stroj i upravljačke jedinice prema uputama proizvođača i propisanoj proceduri
pripreme.

Service and maintenance of the machine

Before beginning operations it is necessary to check if the machine is in working order i.e. its
state, fuel and oil quantity and to repair it if necessary.
Check up and repair must always be done in a safe area.
It is not permitted to work with a machine that is not in working order.
Regular maintenance is done in accordance with the maintenance plan and program specified by the
producer.
All maintenance works must be recorded in the machine control book.
Maintenance may only be done by persons authorised by the producer. During the warranty period
requests for repair and replacement of parts are sent to the producer on appropriate forms.
Non-original spare parts may not be used without the producer’s permission.

6.3.2. Methods of Technical Survey

A Technical Survey of an MSA is done in a way that horizontal and vertical survey lanes are
created, in accordance with the set objectives and the Technical Survey Task Execution Plan.
Survey of the lanes is always done towards the centre of an actual or assumed minefield, group
of mines, mine incident area or areas where there were detonations during fires. It is done in way
which will enable the fastest, most efficient, most effective and the safest method of task
accomplishment. The number of survey lanes, their width and length, the distance between them and
their direction is defined in the Technical Survey Task Execution Plan, but is also dependent on new
circumstances that come up during the implementation of the Technical Survey. If the Head of Site
establishes new circumstances (related to safety measures, efficiency of the planned methods and
techniques of accessing the MSA), which have not been defined in the Task Execution Plan, he/she
decides in time on methods of further implementation accordingly. He/she notifies the Head of
Department for Organisation and Analysis of General and Technical Survey in order to get the approval
of new Technical Survey methods.

22
6.3.2.1. Manual method during a Technical Survey

During a survey and creation of survey lanes with the use of the manual method, deminers find
mines, UXO and their fragments with metal detectors and/or prodders.
Width of the working (survey) lane may not exceed 1.2 metres, with overlaps of 10 cm on each side.
Length of the working lane, starting from the base line, may not exceed 50 metres. After 50 metres a
new working lane is formed. After all working lanes are surveyed a new base line is established.
While applying the manual method, a deminer-surveyor must check all places where there is a
detection.

Manual method may not be applied:

- during rain or snow;
- when the air temperature is below 0 and above 38 degrees Celsius;
- during a thick fog, which disables the Team Leader to run his/her team;
- in extremely muddy and snow covered terrain;
- at night.

During the operations, a deminer-surveyor must mark the starting point, the surveyed parts of
the site, the places where mines, UXO and their fragments were found and the area for disposal of
items found. The start point is marked with an equilateral triangle of 15 cm long sides, coloured in red
and reading STOP in white letters. It is placed at least 30 cm above the ground level.

The surveyed parts of working lanes are marked with red flags that are placed along the survey
direction at a distance of 1 metre and linked with red rope of at least 10 mm in diameter or with a red
tape.

Found mines, UXO and their fragments are marked with an equilateral triangle with sides of 15
cm, coloured in red and reading MINES in white letters. This sign is placed 10 cm in front of the found
item at not less than 30 cm above the ground level.

When a mine, UXO or their fragment is not destroyed, deactivated or removed, following the
Head of Site's decision, a deminer will mark it on all four sides with equilateral triangles with sides of 15
cm , coloured in red and reading MINES in white letters. These signs are placed at not less than 30 cm
above the ground level.

After removal or destruction of a mine, UXO or their fragment, the place it was found will be
marked with a picket that has a blue top or a blue flag with no writing. The picket top must be coloured
in blue in length of at least 10 cm and it must be at least 30 cm above the ground.

23
Figure 6. Marking the base line

Figure 7. Marking the starting point

24
 Max. 1 m

STOP

1m

30cm

10 cm
30 cm
30 cm

Marking with a picket Marking with a flag

Figure 8. Marking a working lane

25
 mine

Note: MES/NUS = mine/UXO

10 cm

Figure 9: Marking a mine or UXO found

10 cm
30 cm

Figure 10. Marking the position where a mine was found

26
6.3.2.1.1. Procedure when a mine (AP and AT) is found

When a deminer finds an AP or an AT mine during a survey of his/her working lane, he is

obliged to notify his/her Team Leader by saying: „MINES“. The Team Leader notifies the Head of Site.
After that and based on instruction by the Team Leader and the Head of Site, the deminer-surveyor
marks the place of finding, surveys a square box of 5 by 5 m around the place of finding and surveys the
working lanes in length of 25 metres and width of 1 metre in 3 directions from the boundaries of the
surveyed square box. If during that procedure another mine is found, the procedure is repeated based
on the Head of Site's decision, but not more than twice. If during that procedure no mine is found, the
survey continues in accordance with the Task Execution Plan, i.e. with the objectives of the Technical
Survey. When a spread trip wire is found, which indicates the presence of a fragmentation mine, all
Technical Survey operations in the immediate vicinity are suspended until both ends of the wire are
found. The survey may continue only at the distance of at least 50 metres from the found wire.

6.3.2.2. Use of demining machines

A Technical Survey site must be marked and secured so people, vehicle or animals cannot
access it. It is the Head of Site's responsibility.
An access route for a small demining machine must be mine cleared at the width of at least 3 metres
starting from a safe area. All access routes must be properly marked and maintained. They must be
wide enough to enable a small machine to be able to turn 1800.
Start points and sections of the working lanes always begin from surveyed access routes. The speed of
the machine will depend on the terrain, type of soil, weather conditions, density and type of vegetation. If
there are larger obstacles, trees or vegetation that cannot be dealt with by the machine, the mechanical
operator goes around them if possible. If not, he/she turns the machine back and continues with a new
survey lane. Special attention should be paid to the area around the obstacles. It has to be surveyed as
much as possible. The machine begins its operations from a prepared access route and continues to
the point where the operator still has good visibility (most often up to 250 metres). Working lanes are
generally up to 300 metres long and, in dense vegetation they should not exceed 200 metres.
Mechanical operators will oversee the machines operating in each working lane from a position where
they get a good vision, which does not necessarily need to be a safe access route for the machine, but
also a manually surveyed area outside of the access route or some other safe area.
Demands for the quality of clearance are specified in the Technical Survey Task Execution
Plan. If the depth is not specified in the Plan, it should be at least:
20 cm for the 1st category
10 cm for the 2nd and 3rd category
If the machine has not reached the specified depth in a lane, it is not permitted to move over that lane
before the Quality Control.
If the machine destroys a mine or UXO (by activating or smashing it), the operations of the machines
are stopped. The machine is pulled back to the base line or sent to work in other survey lanes. The lane
prepared with the machine is surveyed with the manual method as described under 6.3.2.1.

27
6.4. Criteria for Establishing the Presence of Minefields

6.4.1. If, with a minimal number of working lanes, in accordance with a minefield record or
reassessment of the mine situation, a Technical Survey surely confirms the presence of:
- 1 mine and 2 indicators or
- 2 mines and 1 indicator or
- 3 mines,
the area is designated for mine clearance.

6.4.2. If neither mines nor certain indicators of mine contamination are found during a Technical
Survey, the operations are suspended and the area is designated for Mine Search.

6.5. Mine suspected area Marking and Fencing

MSA marking during a Technical Survey is done in accordance with the Rules and Regulations
on Humanitarian Demining and CROMAC's SOP 01.02, Marking of a Mine Suspected Area.

6.6. Destruction of Mines and UXO

Destruction of mines and other unexploded ordnance is done in accordance with the Rules and
Regulations on Humanitarian Demining (Destruction of mines and UXO), the Instruction on Destruction
of Mines and UXO produced by the Head of CROMAC, the Law on Hazardous Materials Transportation
and the Explosive Substances Act. Destruction of mines and UXO is done only in the casese when
thsafety of people and property is directly jeopardised and when the discovered mines and UXO
jeopardise the safe continuation of the Technical Survey and accomplishment of its objectives defined
by the Task Execution Plan. The Head of Site only may decide on the destruction of mines and UXO.

6.7. Safety and Protection Measures

Provision of safety and protection during implementation of a Technical Survey is a primary task
of all survey participants. It is implemented with consistent organisation, planning, preparation and
practical implementation of safety and protection measures and procedures in accordance with the Law
on Demining, Rules and Regulations on Demining, the Law on Protection at Work, other rules and
regulations and the Technical Survey Task Execution Plan. (IMAS 10.10., IMAS 10.20., IMAS 10.30.
and IMAS 10.40.).
Organisation and management of the Technical Survey demands the connection of all segments, time
adjustment and coordination in creation of the conditions for safe work.

6.8. Internal Quality Assurance of a Technical Survey

Internal QA of a Technical Survey is done by the Team Leader. It is conducted in a way that at
least 5% of daily surveyed area is resurveyed with a metal detector and/or prodder.

28
6.9. Visitors at the Site

During a Technical Survey all visitors are received by the Head of Site at the control point. After
having identified them he/she approves the visit. Visitors who visit for professional reasons are informed
on the site and task, safety and protection measures and on how they should behave at the site. The
Head of Site keeps records on all visits and visitors to the site.

6.10. Communication System at the Site

A Technical Survey will not start unless an adequate and reliable communication system is in place
at the site itself, between the site and CROMAC (Operations Division and the respective Regional
Office), the police, 112, the nearest hospital and clinic, fire brigade. The communication system at
the site must be checked before beginning of the operations and at least once in an hour if there
have been no contacts in the meantime. If the communication system is interrupted, all Technical
Survey activities must be suspended and staff must withdraw to the safe area and remain there until
the communication system is in place again.

1. Type of communications used within a Technical Survey site and for external contacts:

- Mobile phones are used for communication between the Head of Site and CROMAC, Team
Leader and all external institutions such as: hospitals, police headquarters, 112, fire brigade
and other;
- VHF – standard communication within the site;
- UHF – standard communication between the medical team and a hospital.

2. Conditions that have to be met before beginning a Technical Survey

Head of Site: mobile phone and a VHF radio station;
Team Leader: mobile phone and a VHF radio station;
Medical team: mobile phone, VHF and UHF radio station.

3. Communciation methods:
The communication must as short and as clear as possible;
The communication must be established with a short identification;
If more users start using the frequency, the code of silence must be applied in accordance with
following priorities: request for assistance due to a mine incident, medical team, the Head of Site and
the Team Leader.

29
6.11. Medical Support and Evacuation

Implementation of a Technical Survey will not start if there is no adequate medical support and
evacuation plan, which is understandable to everyone, adapted to the respective site and well practised.
During a Technical Survey CROMAC will secure the constant site presence of a doctor, paramedic and
an ambulance with a driver and specified medical equipment so that first aid may be administered to a
victim in the shortest possible time. The ambulance must always be parked in the direction of
evacuation.
The Head of Site manages all site activities related to medical care.
Medical support is provided in accordance with the SOP 05.01., on three levels:

• Administration of first aid at the place of the mine incident:

A paramedic, with the help of a deminer, administers first aid at the place of the mine incident. First aid
at the place of the incident encompasses basic emergency medical assistance (temporary blocking of
bleeding, establishment of the blood flow in veins, primary treatment of the wounds, immobilization of
the victims and transport to the ambulance and the doctor). The paramedic administers first aid only in a
safe area.
If the victim is located in an uncleared area, the Head of Site will organize an urgent survey of the lane
leading to him/her at the width of 1 metre as well as of the area around the victim and pulling the victim
out to the safe area. Deminers appointed by the Head of Site transport the victim on a stretcher with the
constant presence of the paramedic. It is particularly forbidden to deminers in the immediate vicinity of
the victim to approach him/her through unsurveyed and uncleared part of the site, i.e. movement over
an MSA is not permitted. Non compliance with this regulation may cause additional injuries with huge
consequences.

• Stabilising the victim and transport:

This procedure encompasses complex emergency medical actions (triage, permanent blocking of
bleeding, dressing wounds, treat for shock, introduction of necessary therapy, fluid compensation,
stabilising general condition of the victim, psychological support), immobilization and transport of the
victim to the hospital. This procedure is done in the area designated for first aid and the ambulance by
the doctor, paramedic and the ambulance driver. The driving method and speed is determined by the
doctor and the driver must comply. The doctor must contact the hospital and inform them on the victim's
state and injuries so they prepare to admit him/her.

• Assistance by medical specialists at the hospital:

Medical specialists provide for medical care at the hospital.

After the accident the operations are suspended for at least 24 hours. If necessary, assistance is given
to the staff that suffered shock. The accident place and the site are closed and made inaccessible and
the witnesses are recorded. As soon as the accident occurs, the Head of Site is obliged to notify the
Operations Division, police and 112. The Head of Site is obliged to produce the accident report,
including the statements of the witnesses. The report is delivered to the Operations Division.

30
6.12. Production of the Report, Recording data into the MIS, Control, Analysis and Verification of
the Technical Survey Results

The Head of Technical Survey Site and the Team Leader produce the report on the completed
Technical Survey, record the data into the MIS and verify the report with their signatures. Then they
send the report to the Head of Department for Organisation and Analysis of General and Technical
Survey for his analysis, control and verification. The report verified by the Head of Department is
delivered to the Assistance Director for Operations for his information.

31
7. ANNEXES

ANNEX A: Normative references

ANNEX B: Terms and definitions used in this SOP
ANNEX C: Technical Survey Request
ANNEX D: Technical Survey Report
ANNEX E: Technical documentation for implementation of a Technical Survey
ANNEX F: Basic examples of implementation of a Technical Survey
ANNEX G: Graphic presentation of procedures in case of a mine detection
ANNEX H: Presentation of symbols used in implementation of a Technical Survey
ANNEX I : Scheme of communication system at a Technical Survey site

32
ANNEX A

Normative References

1. Law on Humanitarian Demining, Official Gazette,153/05 and 63/07

2. Rules and Regulations on Humanitarian Demining Official Gazette 53/07.
3. Rules and Regulations on Task Documentation in Humanitarian Demining, Official
Gazette 40/07.
4. IMAS 08.10 (General Mine Action Assessment)
5. Instruction for collection, processing and analysis of data
6. Instruction for filling IMST form and recording the survey into the MIS
7. IMAS 04.10 (Glossary of Terms and Definitions)
8. IMAS 07.10 (Guide for the Management of Demining Operations4)
9. IMAS 08.20 (Technical Survey5)
10. IMAS 08.40 (Marking of Hazards)
11. IMAS 10.(Reporting and Investigation of Demining Incidents )
12. ISO 9001:2000

4
Translator's note: changed in accordance with published IMAS
5
Translator's note: changed in accordance with published IMAS

33
 ANNEX B

Terms and definitions used in this SOP

Sources of information (SI) are military and other state and international institutions and organisations
as well as persons having information on mine contamination of an area.

Original documents (OD) documents in writing dating from the war period, which confirm or indicate
presence of minefields, mines and other hazardous devices.

Mine contamination indicators (MCI) are indicators or signs indicating that mines were laid in certain
area or indicating presence of mines and hazardous devices (containers of mines or UXO, holes in the
ground that have remained after explosions or lifting the mines and UXO, mine pickets, trip wires, parts
of mines, hazard signs, fortification facilities, mine incidents and similar).

Data collection (DC) is set of organisational and planning activities including identification of sources of
information or other mine situation subjects, establishing contacts with them and obtaining the
information they have.

Recording is writing and saving the information received and making it available for operational use.

Assessment of a mine suspected area encompasses natural, infrastructure and social categories that
are reported and/or suspected of mine contamination in the context of a socio-economic impact and
development plans of a community.

Polygon (P) is a limited territorial entity with clearly defined geographical and topographical boundaries.

Mine polygon (MP) is a basic territorial entity for dealing with a mine problem; having reliable
information on presence of minefield or other hazardous devices; it has clearly defined geographical and
topographical boundaries.

Reassessment of a mine situation is a final step of all activities whereby a mine situation is presented
following comparison, linking, interpretation, adjustments and other forms of analysis of all available
data.

Survey of a mine suspected area and/or premises (I) is a set of measures and procedures used to
establish presence or absence of mines and characteristics of an area that are important for further
humanitarian demining activities.

Survey activities (SA) are activities of a General and/or Technical Survey of a mine suspected areas
and/or premises.

General Survey (GS) is a process of collection and processing of information on mine contamination of
an area and/or premises, on basic technical socio-economic indicators of the area and/or premises.
Data collection is carried out without application of clearance methods, deactivation and destruction of
mines and UXO.

34
Technical Survey (TS) is a process of organisational, operational and safety procedures whereby the
accuracy of the information collected during a General Survey is established and mine/UXO
contamination of an area and/or premises is confirmed. A Technical Survey is conducted through a
survey and marking in accordance with the Technical Survey Task Execution Plan.

Technical Survey (TS is a survey conducted in an MSA in order to establish mine/UXO contamination
for the purpose of mine clearance/Mine Search Project Proposal.

Mine suspected area (MSA) is an area defined as such by CROMAC due to perceived presence of
mines and UXO.

Demining (D) activities including surveys, marking, deactivation and destruction of mines and
unexploded ordnance.

Site (S) is an area (zone) where a Technical Survey is being undertaken. Its boundaries are determined
with the Task Execution Plan.

Team Leader (TL) is a person running a demining team. He/she must have a humanitarian demining ID
card issued by Ministry of Interior of Republic of Croatia.

Survey lane is a belt 1 to 3 metres wide, within an MSA, created with the use of a machine or manually.

Reference point (RP) is a fixed and easily recognised feature some distance outside the minefield. It
refers to the specific minefield, as shown in the respective minefield record with the coordinates (x, y)
and description of the reference point – the feature, direction/azimuth and distance in metres or steps
from the border of the minefield:
a) there is direct visibility between the reference point and the minefield and the reference point is,
in principle, located outside the minefield;
b) it is marked in a standard manner.

Benchmark (B) is a fixed and easily recognised point that is located between the reference point and
the minefield. It is used when there is no direct visibility between the reference point and the minefield.
In principle, it is located outside the minefield and it is marked in a standard manner.

Minefield boundary (B m/f) is an invisible line on the ground, which is located from 3 to 5 metres
behind the last rows of mines and behind the last mines in a minefield row. In a minefield record it is
shown with a line, i.e. with a rectangular around mines. Distances to the first mines from that line are
shown in metres in the minefield record.

Turning point is a fixed point on the ground with x and y coordinates, which indicates a change in
direction of the of the polygon boundary. It is marked appropriately in a standard manner.

Intermediate point (iP) marker used between neighbouring signs at the polygon boundary if the
distance between them exceeds 100 m. Intermediate points may have x and y coordinates and if
necessary an appropriate sign, wooden or plastic picket, recognised from a certain distance.

Demarkation point (DP) is a standard fixed sign, easily recognised from at least 30 metres away. It is
positioned immediately in front and outside of the hazardous area or minefield on the access route. It is

35
a square board showing a number of the minefield, arrow towards the minefield, direction angle and
distance in metres. It is placed on a holder at the height of at least 1.25 metres

Introduction point (IP) in the context of a Mine Clearance or a Technical Survey task is a fixed, easily
recognised or a standard sign placed on the access route at the safe boundary of the area specified in
the Project Proposal. The operator is introduced to the Mine Clearance or Technical Survey task at the
introduction point.

Start point (SP) is a point from which Technical Survey activities start or continue.

Base line (BL) is the line from which all Technical Survey activities start.

Control point is a the furthest place at the site, where access is permitted to unauthorised persons.

Daily site diary is a plan defining daily schedule for all activities and resources involved in the
Technical Survey.

Mine Action (MA) is a set of activities that are used to neutralize mine hazards and that focus to ban
production, sale and use of mines, to mine risk education, mine victims assistance, general survey,
technical survey, mine clearance, Mine Search, marking and fencing and MSA reduction.

Head of Technical Survey Site (HTSS is a person managing the Technical Survey activities. He/she
must possess a humanitarian demining ID card for a Head of Site, issued by the Ministry of Interior of
Republic of Croatia.

Site marking (SM) is a procedure of dividing the area where a Technical Survey is conducted from the
area that is not subject to a Technical Survey. It is done by CROMAC.

Mine search (MS) is a set of procedures that are conducted with the aim of finding mines and UXO.

Auxiliary works during a Technical Survey are the activities such as handling mine detection dogs,
mechanical operations, vegetation cutting and similar.

36
 ANNEX C

Department for Organisation and Analysis

of General and Technical Survey

Technical Survey Request

Classification: Registry No:

ID: Date:
for example:NOI0157-130500-2

Name of the surveyed

area:
Type of survey: Technical Survey SOP No.
for example. SOP 5.1.4.

State at the Plan and by the Plan Reference:

Analysis Department: emergency task 6
for example. AP 5.1.-3-1

Objective:

Method: manual mechanical MDD

MSA "P" Area anticipated for TS

Polygon ID No.
(m2):

Areas covered with the Technical Survey

Mine Clearance Mine Search Used at one's own risk

Covered Covered Covered

“P” size in “P” size in “P” size in
“P” in m2 with “P” in m2 “P” in m2
m2 m2 m2
TS with TS with TS

Total: Total: Total:

County:

Town/municipality:

Settlement:

Head of Site Team Leader

Team members

Preparation for the End of the preparation:

survey – beginning:

6
Translator's note: AP equals „Annual Plan“

37
Beginning of the TS Deadline for completion
(date): (date):

Details on contact persons

Name, family Military position Interview report

No. Employment data Residence address Phone
name during the war No.
1.
2.
3.
…

Enclosures:
1.
2.
Request issued by: _________________________ Received by: _______________________
(Head of Department for Organisation
and Analysis of General and Technical Survey) (Head of Site)

Request approved by: ________________________

(Assistant Director)

38
 ANNEX D
Classification:
Reg. No.:
Date:

TECHNICAL SURVEY REPORT

1. GENERAL INFORMATION

Municipality-Town County

Area of TS ID Numbers of previously

defined areas “P” that are
subject to the TS
Property of a settlement and or
MSA users

Map information Topographic 1:25000 Map 1:5000 Digital Ortophoto 2 -

1:2000
TS Request: TS ID:

Previous survey of the entire area: Previous additional survey:

IMPLEMENTATION OF Beginning No of working

End date
ADDITIONAL SURVEY date days
Preparation for survey Beginning No of working
End date
date days
Survey Beginning No of working
End date
date days
Reassessment of MSA, production
Beginning No of working
of report and recording in the End date
date days
database
TECHNICAL SURVEY TEAM: Head of Site : Team members:

TECHNICAL SURVEY OBJECTIVE

39
 2. CHANGES IN SIZE OF MSA IN THE AREA OF THE TS (new situation)

MSA size Starting situation of MSA Difference in comparison with

(new situation): designated for TS: the starting situation (+/-):
m2 m2 m2
Information on diference in Mine cleared: Mine searched:
MSA size in comparison with m2 m2
the starting situation

3. MSA CATEGORIES IN THE TS AREA AS PER DEMINING METHODS (new situation)

Categories of MSA as per demining methods (new

Part of MSA in
situation), which categories have been identified in the Size (m2) No of Areas
%
area „P“
Areas for mine clearance

Areas for Mine Search

Areas used at one's own risk

Total MSA in TS area

4. MARKING OF MSA IN THE AREA OF TS (new situation)

No. of hazard signs positions at Difference in

No. of hazard signs positions the beginning of TS comparison with the
starting situation

Information on changes in marking of MSA in comparison with the starting situation:

Established number of missing or irreversibly damaged signs
No. of signs placed on the positions of missing and irreversibly damaged signs (replaced signs)
No. of signs stolen or damaged by an unknown persons, which has been reported to the police
No. of previous sign positions (positions with no signs)
No. of new sign positions, defined during a General Survey
No. of signs placed at local communities' requests
No. of positions where the signs should be placed (incomplete marking)
No. of signs used during a General Survey

40
 5. INFORMATION ON MINE CONTAMINATION

5.1. Minefield records in the area of the Technical Survey

5.1.1. Mine fields covered with TS:

Type and quantity of mines found
MF7 No. Type AT mines AP mines
TMA- TMA- TMA- TMA- TMA- PMA- PMA- PMA- PMA- PMR- PRO VS
of MF TMM
1 2 3 4 5/5A
TMRP-6 Total
1 2 3 2A/2AS 3 M-1 50
Total

Total

5.1.2. MF defined by the TS

Type and quantity of mines found
MF No. Type AT mines AP mines
TMA- TMA- TMA- TMA- TMA- PMA- PMA- PMA- PMA- PMR- PRO VS
of MF TMM
1 2 3 4 5/5A
TMRP-6 Total
1 2 3 2A/2AS 3 M-1 50
Total

Total

5.1.3. MF “intersected” by the TS area boundary

INFORMATION ON TYPE OF MF AND MINE
INFORMATION ON MF OUTSIDE OF "P"
CONTAMINATION
MF No.
Type AT mines AP mines Total AT mines AP mines
Total mines
of MF name pcs name pcs mines name pcs name pcs

Total

5.2. Status of Mine Incidents Reports in the area of TS

STATUS OF MINE INCIDENT Type of mines/UXO activated ID numbers of areas
No. No of record AT mines AP mines UXO where mine incidents
REPORT
occurred
Mine incident within the
1.
boundaries of TS area
2. Mine incidents not related to
the TS area
3. Undefined mine incident of in
the area of TS

7
Translator's note: MF equals „mine field“

41
 5.3. Estimate of a number of mines in the MSA defined by the TS
ANTITANK MINES ANTIPERSONNEL MINES
No. of Ratio No. of Ratio
No. Mine No. Mine
mines % mines %
1. TMA-1 PMA-1
2. TMA-2 PMA-2
3. TMA-3 PMA-3
4. TMA-4 PMR-2A
5. TMA-5 PMR-3
6. TMM-1 PROM-1
7. TMRP-6 MRUD
8. unknown KB-1
Total AT mines 100 Total AP mines 100

Estimate of total number of mines in the MSA defined by the TS: ____ mine/s

6. AREAS IN THE TS MINE SUSPECTED AREA

6.1. Mine Clearance areas

Estimated No. of mines and UXO in
Mine contamination data
the area
Area
No. Size m2 Mine
No.
Minefield record No. incident AT AP Total UXO
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
…
Total:

6.2 Mine Search areas

Estimated No. of mines and UXO in
Mine contamination data
the area
Area
No. Size m2 Mine
No.
Minefield record No. incident AT AP Total UXO
No.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
…
Total

42
 6.3. Areas in MSA that are used at one's own risk
SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON MINE HAZARD
Area Mine cleared with no CROMAC's Quality Period
No. Size m2 Mine
No. Control of use User
MF No. incide
nt No. Compan Interior Unkn
Military UN
ies Ministry own
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
…
Total

7. MINE SUSPECTED AREA PER TYPE AND PURPOSE

PURPOSE OF AREAS Length

TYPE AND/OR PURPOSE Size (m2) % Size (m2) %
(linear infrastructure) m
Houses and houseyards Roads and white roads

Agricultural area Local field routes

Meadows and pastures Fire brigade roads and

passages
Forests Railroads

Bushes and rocky ground Power lines

Rocks and other rocky Oil pipelines

areas
Rivers and creeks Gas pipelines

Lakes, swamps and other Waterworks

waters
Social facilities Telecommunication lines
and premises
Churches, graveyards, Dykes
sacral facilities
Military premises Canals

Bridges State border

___________________ ___________________

Information on types and purpose of areas that overlap with an MSA

National parks State hunting zones

Nature parks Military polygons

Tourist zones Construction zone /

Settlements
__________________
Industrial zones

43
 7.1. Soil type :

Soil type:
clay lime stone rock loam
cultivated sand swamp __________
__

7.2. Slope :

Slope:
0-5% 5 - 10 % 10 - 15 % 15 - 20 %
20 - 25 % 25 - 30 % > 30 %

7.3. Type and description of the vegetation:

Vegetation during the survey:

high grass low grass bushes trees
Description of the vegetation:

8. INFORMATION ON CONTAMINATION IN METAL AND CONSTRUCTION DEBRIS

8.1. Information on contamination in metal in the TS area:

Average No. of detections Area contaminated in Description:

per m2 metal m2
Small quantity Medium quantity High quantity
Minerals in the soil:
% m2 % m2 % m2

8.2. Information on contamination in construction debris in the TS area::

Contamination in debris Description:

m3 m2

44
 9. INFORMATION ON CONTACT PERSONS DURING THE TS

Military Data collected

Name, family position Employment Residence For "P"
No. Phone Interview
name during the data address
Report No.
war
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
…

10. CONCLUSION ON THE STATE OF MSA IN THE AREA OF TS

1. Topographic features of the area

2. Characteristics of mine suspected areas per types and purpose

3. Settlements or their parts with mine suspected area, including number of inhabitants based on
information from the local administration

4. Economic resources in the mine suspected area prioritized for mine clearance based on information
from the local administration

5. Information that influenced the size of MSA in the TS area

6. Concentration of mine contamination in the area

7. Mine incidents that have occurred in the area since the previous General Survey

8. Mine clearance priorities in the area due to immediate mine hazards

9. Cooperation with responsible stakeholders from municipality/town or MSA users, established during
the General Survey

10. Other specific features

45
Verification of the Technical Survey Report for the area _________________, which is located within the
administrative borders of the municipality/town of ___________________

The Technical Survey Report produced by:

Head of Site:

________________________
(name, family name, signature)

The Technical Survey Report

and database recording controlled,
analysed and verified on __________ Head of Department for Organisation and
Analysis of General and Technical Survey

________________________
(name, family name, signature)

Based on opinion obtained and the control conducted,

the Technical Survey Report has been
controlled and finally verified on ___________ Assistant Director:

________________________
(name, family name, signature)

46
 INFORMATION ON “P”___ WITHIN MSA

1. GENERAL INFORMATION

TS No. TS Request No.

Category of the land Size m2

Area Belongs to (a) settlement/s and/or
(map name) user of the MSA
Map information Topographic map Map 1:5000 Digital Ortophoto 2 - 1:2000
1:25000

Information on individual polygons of the area “P” ___

Individual polygon number Polygon size m2 Sign numbers referring to the marking of specific polygons
P___-1
P___-2
P___-3
P___-...
Total m2
Boundaries of the area
(description)
Natural features of and infrastructure in the area

Access road (description)

2. CHANGES IN THE SIZE OF “P” ___

(size changes in comparison with the previous survey)

Size Starting size of the area "P" for the TS: Difference in size in comparison
(new situation): with the starting size (+/-):
m2 m2 m2
Information on difference in size Mine cleared: Mine searched:
of the „P“ area in comparison m2 m2
with the starting size (m2) New areas:
m2

3. INFORMATION ON NEW AERAS WITHIN THE BOUNDARIES OF P___

(size changes in comparison with the previous survey)

Categories of MSA as per demining methods (new situation), which

Size m2 Area No. No. of areas
categories have been identified in the area „P“
Areas for mine clearance

Areas for Mine Search

Areas used on one's own risk

47
 4. MARKING INFORMATION FOR “P” ___

ID numbers of the
No. of sign positions in the area
signs positions
ID numbers of the sign positions located within boundaries of other
municipality/town but referring to the marking of the same area
Fencing information:

5. INFORMATION ON MINE CONTAMINATION

5.1. Minefield records in the area “P” ___

5.1.1. MF covered by the TS:

Type and quantity of mines laid
MF No. Type AT mines AP mines
od TMA- TMA- TMA- TMA- TMA- PMA- PMA- PMA- PMA- PMR- PRO VS
TMM TMRP-6 Total Total
MF 1 2 3 4 5/5A 1 2 3 2A/2AS 3 M-1 50

Total

5.1.2. MF defined by the TS:

Type and quantity of mines found
MF No. Type AT mines AP mines
od TMA- TMA- TMA- TMA- TMA- PMA- PMA- PMA- PMA- PMR- PRO VS
TMM TMRP-6 Total Total
MF 1 2 3 4 5/5A 1 2 3 2A/2AS 3 M-1 50

Total

5.1.3. Structure and layout of minefields, number and type of mines found in comparison with number and
types of mines laid
MF No. Type of a No of mines Minefield Layout of Minefield Conclusion Final
mine structure mines within status minefield
the minefield status

48
 5.1.4. Minefields „cut“ with the boundary of the TS area:
INFORMATION ON MINEFIELD TYPE AND MINE INFORMATION ON PART OF THE MINEFIELD
CONTAMINATION LOCATED OUTSIDE OF THE AREA „P“
MF No. Type AT mines AT mines AT mines AT mines
of Total
Total mines
minefi name pcs name pcs mines name pcs name pcs
eld

Total

5.2. Mine incident records on “P” ___

Mine incident ID MINES and other UXO ACTIVATED CONSEQUENCES Date of

Link to the
No. Victims - Victims - mine
AT mine AP mine UXO Minefield No.
inhabitants animals incident

5.3. Information on other indicators of mine contamination in the area “P” ___

No. Indicator of mine contamination Information on the indicator (description)

1. Zone of military operation
2. Separation line
3. Bunkers
4. Trenches
5. Shelters
6. Weapons and equipment storages
7. Artillery positions
8. Command positions
9. Mine „beds“
10. Places of explosions
11. Mine contamination of bordering areas
12. Mine incidents in bordering areas
Remains of the AT and AP mines and
13.
ammunitions containers

5.4. Final estimate of number of mines and other hazardous devices in the area “P” ___

No. Antitank mines No. Antipersonnel mines No. Other hazardous devices
Type pcs Type pcs Type pcs
1. 1. 1.
2. 2. 3.
3. 3. 4.
… … …
Total AT mines Total AP mines Total other hazardous devices

49
 6. INFORMATION ON THE AREA USED AT ONE'S OWN RISK

SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON MINE HAZARD Period User

Mine cleared without CROMAC's Quality Control Other indicators of use
MI ID
MF No. Interior of mine hazard
No. Military UN Companies
Ministry
Unknown

7. MINE SUSPECTED AREA PER TYPE AND PURPOSE

PURPOSE OF AREAS Length

TYPE AND/OR PURPOSE Size (m2) % Size (m2) %
(linear infrastructure) m
Houses and house yards Roads and white roads

Agricultural area Local field routes

Meadows and pastures Fire brigade roads and

passages
Forests Railroads

Bushes and rocky ground Power lines

Rocks and other rocky Oil pipelines

areas
Rivers and creeks Gas pipelines

Lakes, swamps and other Waterworks

waters
Social facilities Telecommunication lines
and premises
Churches, graveyards, Dykes
sacral facilities
Military premises Canals

Bridges State border

___________________ ___________________

Information on types and purpose of areas that overlap with an MSA

National parks State hunting zones

Nature parks Military polygons

Tourist zones Construction zone

/Settlements
__________________
Industrial zones

50
 7.1. Soil type :

Soil type:
clay lime stone rock loam
cultivated sand swamp __________
__

7.2. Slope :

Slope:
0-5% 5 - 10 % 10 - 15 % 15 - 20 %
20 - 25 % 25 - 30 % > 30 %

7.3. Type and description of the vegetation:

Vegetation during the survey:

high grass low grass bushes trees
Description of the vegetation:

8. INFORMATION ON CONTAMINATION IN METAL AND CONSTRUCTION DEBRIS

8.1. Information on contamination in metal in the TS area:

Average No. of detections Area contaminated in Description:

per m2 metal m2
Small quantity Medium quantity High quantity
Minerals in the soil:
% m2 % m2 % m2

8.2. Information on contamination in construction debris in the TS area::

Contamination in debris Description:

m3 m2

9. INFORMATION ON CONTACT PERSONS DURING THE TS IN THE AREA “P” __

Military
Name, family Interview Report
No. position during Employment data Residence address Phone
name No.
the war
1.
2.
3.
…

51
 10. CONCLUSIONS ON THE AREA „P“ _____ IN THE MSA

1. Criteria used to define land category as per demining methods

2. Features of minefields in the area

3. New information on mine contamination

4. Topographic features of the area

5. Information missing for an overall estimate of the situation in a mine suspected area (mine contamination, topographic
features)

6. Criteria used to define boundaries of the area

7. Status and maintenance of marking

8. Other specific features

Status of the “P” in MSA ___ on ____________

Head of Site
_______________________
(name, family name, signature)

52
 REPORT
ON THE MINE INCIDENT PRODUCED BASED ON INFORMATION COLLECTED DURING A
TECHNICAL SURVEY

ID No. of the report ID No. of the

Survey

1. Information on the Technical Survey

Municipality/town: County: Settlement:
Map information: Topographic map Map1:5000 Digital Ortophoto 2 - 1:2000
1:25000

TS team: Team Leader: Team members:

Basis for production of the mine incident report: Date of report:

2. Information on the mine incident location

Map name of the location: Area ID No.: Category of the land:

New area ID No.: Size: Category of the land:

Reduction of MSA where a new Previous state: New state :

“P” is formed m2 m2

3. Geographical and topographical information on the mine incident location

3.1. Reference point for definition of the mine incident position

Description of the reference point: Coordinates of the reference point
X: Y:
3.2. Benchmarks of the mine incidents position
No. Azimuth Distance Coordinates of the benchmark
Benchmark name rp – bm rp – bm (m) X Y
(d)
1.
…
3.3 Position of the mine incident
Azimuth Distance Coordinates of the mine incident
Description of the
No. bm-position bm-position of position
position
of MI (s) MI (m) X Y
1.
...

4. Information on mines/UXO activated

AT mines AP mines UXO Link of the mine activated
mine pcs mine pcs UXO pcs with the minefield No.

53
 Sketch of the position of the mine/UXO activated

Description of position info and marking conducted as per this sketch

2. Information on harm caused

Date of INFORMATION ON THE VICTIM Information on
mine animals harmed
Name, family Address Age Type of injury
incident (description)
name light severe fatal unknown

Description of circumstances:

REPORT PRODUCED BY
Head of Site

_______________________
(name, family name, signature)

54
 REPORT
ON THE PRESENCE OF MINEFIELDS AND UXO
BASED ON INFORMATION COLLECTED DURING A TECHNICAL SURVEY

Minefield record No. Survey ID No.

1. Information on the survey

Municipality/town: County: Settlement:
Map information: Topographic map Map1:5000 Digital Ortophoto 2:
1:25000

TS team: Head of Site Team members:

Basis for production of the report on the presence of minefields and UXO: Date of report:

2. Information on minefields and UXO positions

Map name of the location: Previous area ID No.: Previous category of the land:

New area ID No.: Size: Category of the land:

Reduction of MSA where a new Previous state: New state :

“P” is formed m2 m2

3. . Geographical and topographical information on the minefields and UXO location

3.1. . Reference point for definition of minefield/UXO position
Description of the reference point: Coordinates of the reference point
X:
3.2. . Benchmarks of the minefields/UXO positions
No. Azimuth Distance Coordinates of the benchmark
Benchmark name rp – bm rp – bm (m) X Y
(d)
1.
…
3.3 Position of minefields/UXO
Azimuth Distance Coordinates of minefields/UXO
Description of the
No. bm-position bm-position of positions
position
of MI (s) MI (m) X Y
1.
...

55
 4. Information on quantity of mines and UXO per types
No. Antitank mines No. Antipersonnel mines No. Unexploded ordnance
type pcs type pcs type pcs
1. 1. 1.
2. 2. 3.
3. 3. 4.
… … …
Total AT mines Total AP mines Total UXO

5. Sketch of the layout and/or position of mines and UXO in nature

Description of layout and/or position of mines and UXO:

6. Other information on mine/UXO presence and on marking conducted

REPORT PRODUCED BY
Head of Site

_______________________
(name, family name, signature)

56
 REPORT
ON INFORMATION COLLECTED THROUGH INTERVIEWS

Report No. Survey ID No.

1. Information on contact person

Name, family name Age
Residence address Phone No.

Information on Phone No.

employment

Military position
during the war

Type of information
collected
Methods or interview
preparations
2. Place and time of interview
Place of interview
Time of interview Date: Time (from - to):
3. Course of interview (questions/answers)

4. Estimate of information reliability

5. Conclusion on information collected

Date of report:____________
INTERVIEWER
________________________
(name, family name, signature)

57
 REPORT
ON CHANGES IN MARKING WITH CROMAC'S MINE HAZARD SIGNS Municipality – Town _______________

Sign coordinates as Information on missing or irreversibly damaged

Conclusion on marking
per the map hazard sign
No. of the sign position

Date when Date when it was

Date of the it was reported to the police Marking or
Date of
first noticed that the sign was Type of the Changing in
No. of Survey or control/sign Position marked
placement of that the missing / it is hazard sign marking done
Marking Report removal/position Replacement with the sign
the sign onto Y X sign is irreversibly damaged (Large by (Name,
change date (YES / NO / NOT
the position missing or or Reporting board / family name)
NECESSARY)
it is necessary or small board
irreversibly Reporting
damaged unnecessary
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 10 11 12
1
2
3

MSA of the municipality/ has been marked on hazard sign positions on .

Information on changes done in marking: Note:

Previous number of hazard signs (starting status based on the database):
Number of missing and irreversibly damaged hazard signs (established through survey or marking control):
Number of signs placed on the positions of those missing or damaged (replacement signs):
Number of missing and irreversibly damaged signs reported to the police:
Number of positions that were previously marked (positions with no signs):
Number of new positions defined during marking activities:
Number of signs used during marking of MSA:
Number of positions where hazard signs needs to be placed yet (marking is not completed)

Date: Marking implementer

(Name, family name, signature)

58
 ANNEX E

Technical Documentation for Implementation of the Technical Survey

Content:

1. TECHNICAL SURVEY TASK EXECUTION PLAN

2. DYNAMIC PLAN FOR THE RESOURCES ENGAGED AT THE TS SITE

3. HEAD OF SITE'S DAILY SITE PLAN

4. TEAM LEADER'S DAILY SITE PLAN

5. DAILY COLLECTIVE REPORT

6. REPORT ON MINES AND UXO FOUND

7. MINE AND UXO DESTRUCTION PLAN

8. REPORT ON DESTRUCTION OF MINES AND UXO

9. REPORT ON SUSPENSION OF TECHNICAL SURVEY OPERATIONS

59
1. TECHNICAL SURVEY TASK EXECUTION PLAN
CROATIAN MINE ACTION CENTRE

TECHNICAL SURVEY EXECUTION PLAN

TS NAME

TS No.

COUNTY

MUNICIPALITY/TOWN

DATE

60
 2. DYNAMIC PLAN
DYNAMIC PLAN FOR THE RESOURCES ENGAGED AT THE TS SITE __________________________
WORKING DAYS
RESOURCES PLANNED 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
1 MANUAL MINE DETECTION
2 MINE CLEARANCE MACHINES

3 MANUAL AFTER MC MACHINES

4 MANUAL BEFORE DREDGER
5 DREDGER
6 MANUAL AFTER DREDGER
7 INTERNAL CONTROL
TOTAL DEMINERS 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

MANUAL MINE DETECTION PERIOD OF ENGAGEMENT FOR DEMINERS / NUMBER

MINE CLEARANCE MACHINES PERIOD OF ENGAGEMENT FOR MACHINES

MANUAL AFTER MC MACHINES PERIOD OF ENGAGEMENT FOR DEMINERS / NUMBER

MANUAL BEFORE DREDGER PERIOD OF ENGAGEMENT FOR DEMINERS / NUMBER

DREDGERS PERIOD OF ENGAGEMENT FOR AUXILIARY MACHINES

MANUAL AFTER DREDGER PERIOD OF ENGAGEMENT FOR DEMINERS / NUMBER

INTERNAL CONTROL PERIOD OF ENGAGEMENT FOR DEMINERS / NUMBER

DEMINERS WITH MDD/MACHINES PERIOD OF ENGAGEMENT FOR DEMINERS / NUMBER

61
 1. DAILY SITE PLAN OF A TECHNICAL SURVEY

DAILY SITE PLAN OF A TECHNICAL SURVEY

Started:

Ended:

TS name:

TS number:

Content:
1. Head of Site's Daily Site Plan

2. Team Leader's Daily Site Plan

3. Site map 1: 5 000

4. Medevac map 1: 25 000

62
 HEAD OF SITE'S DAILY SITE PLAN
FOR THE DAY FROM TO HOURS

Task name:

Task ID No.:

NO TEAM No. of Working Manual (m2) Machine MDD

deminers place (4 (m2) (m2)
positions)
x y prodder detector
prim. sec. prim. sec.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

TOTAL

63
 Scale 1:
SKETCH OF THE POSITIONS OF PLANNED OPERATIONS
(it may be done on a topographic or a cadastre map)

Note: Show the position of planned team's and mechanical; describe it and give dimensions.
*Enclose the site map and medevac plan

DATE: PLACE: PRODUCED BY THE HEAD OF SITE:

64
 TEAM LEADER'S DAILY SITE PLAN
FOR THE DAY FROM TO HOURS

Task name:

Task ID No.:

TEAM:
NO Name and family ID No. Working Manual(m2) Machine MDD
name of a deminer place (4 (m2) (m2)
positions)
x y prodder detector
prim. sec. prim. sec.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

TOTAL

65
 Scale 1:
SKETCH OF THE POSITIONS OF PLANNED OPERATIONS
(it may be done on a topographic or a cadastre map)

Note: Show the position of planned operations for every deminer, auxiliary worker and demining machine; describe
and it and give dimensions.

DATE PLACE: PRODUCED BY TEAM LEADER:

66
 2. Team Leader's Report
OPERATOR:

TEAM LEADER'S REPORT TECHNICAL SURVEY

1. TASK NAME:
TASK ID: COUNTY:
2. TIME FROM: TO HOUR DATE: WORK. DAY NO.
3. MAP: NO: SCALE:
COORDINATESx= y=
4. CADASTRE MAP: PLOT NO: SCALE GROUND TEMP
5. SPECIFIED SIZE: m2 TEMP. 1 m above ground

SPECIFIED DEPTH: cm wind speed

6. AREA CLEARED ON THE DAY m2 wind direction

CLEARED WITH THE USE OF
7. METHODS:

TEAM NO:

TEAM LEADER:
DAILY INTERNAL CONTROL
WITH MANUAL METHOD

MANUA MANUA
MANUA Mine/U Metal
MANUA L L REPEA
PO L XO debris
NAME, FAMILY NAME OF A ID L MINE BEHIND BEFOR TED TOTA DEMINER'S
NO SITI AFTER detectio detectio
DEMINER NO. DETEC MC E SURVE L SIGNATURE
ON DREDG n depth n depth
TION MACHIN DREDG Y
ER from-to from-to
E ER
1 0
2 0
3 0
4 0
5 0
6 0
7 0
8 0
9 0
10 0
Σ 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

MINE CLEARED MANUALLY 0

NAME, FAMILY SIGNATU

WORKIN
NAME OF MINE CLEARANCE POSITIO GROUND WORKIN REPEATED NAME OF NO. RE MECH.
MACHINE NO. G TOTAL
MACHINE N PREPARED G HOURS AREA MECHANICAL OF ID OPERATO
HOURS
NO OPERATOR R
1 0
2 0
TOTAL 0 0 0 0 0

67
5. Head of Site's Daily Collective Report
OPERATOR:

TECHNICAL
SURVEY

1. TASK NAME
2. COUTY
3. TASK ID NO. SIZE DEPTH cm
4. DATE: DAY WORK. DAY NO
HEAD OF SITE
DEPUTY HEAD OF SITE

5. AREA SURVEYED ON THE DAY 0 m2 AREA SURVEYED IN TOTAL m2

6. SURVEY AREA PER METHODS
Team 1 Team 2 Team 3 COVE IN
PERF PERFO PERFO RED TOTAL
PER WORKING METHODS RESOUR ORMA RESOUR RMANC RESOU RMANC IN PER
CES NCE CES E m2 RCES E m2 TOTA METHO
m2 L DS
1 1.1. MANUAL MINE DETECTION 0 0
2.1. MINE CLEARANCE MACHINE 0
2
2.2. MANUAL DETECTION AFTER MC MACHINE 0 0
3.1. MANUAL DETECTION BEFORE DREDGER 0 0
3 3.2. DREDGERS 0
3.3. MANUAL DETECTION AFTER DREDGER 0 0

4
4 INTERNAL CONTROL; MINIMUM 5% 0 0
5 5 REPEATED MANUAL DETECTION 0 0
COVERED IN TOTAL 0 0 0 0
ACTUALLY SURVEYED 0 0 0 0

7. ENGAGED RESOURCES

ENGAGED Team 1 Team 2 Team 3 TOTAL

NO OF DEMINERS
NO OF AUXILIARY
WORKERS
NO OF MACHINES

8. MINES/UXO FOUND AND DESTROYED

TYPE AP MINES AT MNES UXO

NAME
QUANTITY
DETECTION METHOD
MARKED
DISPOSED AT THE
DESIGNATED AREA
MINES AND UXO
DESTROYED
QUANTITY
PER TEAM LEADER'S
REPORT NO.
REGISTRY NO.

68
 6. Report on Mines and UXO Found
OB7

REPORT ON MINES AND UXO FOUND NO:

DATE OF DISCOVERY:
HOW WAS PRESENCE OF A MINEFIELD ESTABLISHED:
DURING A SURVEY
OTHER: ...........................................................................................................................
TECHNICAL SURVEY:
TECHNICAL SURVEY NO:
TM NO: SCALE: 1 : 25 000 EDITION: ___
MAP: HOK- NO: SCALE: 1 : 5 000 EDITION:______
MAP: DOF2- NO: SCALE: 1 : 2 000 EDITION:______
REFERENCE POINT COORDINATES: X = Y=
INFORMATION ON MINES: ANTITANK MINES ANTIPERSONNEL MINES OTHER

TYPE
QUANTITY
BENCHMARK DESCRIPTION:

NOTE:

MINEFIELD IS LINKED TO: FORTIFICATION PREMISES: TRENCH – BUNKER - ARTILLIERY POSITION

MILITARY PREMISES – HQ – BARRACKS – STORAGE
INFRASTRUCTURE: ......................................................................
ECONOMIC FACILITIES: ............................................................................
OTHER
UNKNOWN
MINEFIELD IS : LINKED TO THE MINEFIELD RECORD NO:
NOT LINKED TO THE AVAILABLE MINEFIELD RECORDS
REPORT PRODUCED BY:
PLACE: DATE:

69
 OB8/1

MINE/UXO DESTRUCTION PLAN br.:

TECHNICAL SURVEY:
TIME OF DESTRUCTION
DATE: START: END:

HEAD OF DESTRUCTION

LIST OF STAFF PRESENT AT THE DESTRUCTION

1. 5.
2. 6.
3. 7.
4. 8.

LIST OF MINES AND UXO TO BE DESTROYED

1. 6.
2. 7.
3. 8.
4. 9.
5. 10.

LIST OF MATERIAL USED FOR DESTRUCTION

1. 5.
2. 6.
3. 7.
4. 8.

PREPARATION OF THE DESTRUCTION PLACE

IN LINE WITH CROMAC's SOP

METHOD AND ORDER OF MINE AND UXO DISPOSAL AT THE DESTRUCTION PLACE
IN LINE WITH CROMAC's SOP

METHOD AND QUANTITY OF E/N FOR DESTRUCTION OF MINES/UXO

IN LINE WITH CROMAC's SOP

METHOD OF IGNITION
1.ELECTRIC IGNITION 2.FUSE IGNITION

SAFETY MEASURES
1.SECURING THE AREA AND ACCESS ROADS (CROMAC'S DEMINERS)
2.SECURING THE AREA AND ACCESS ROADS BY THE POLICE

MEDICAL SUPPORT
MEDICAL TEAM CONSISTED OF: 1. DOCTOR:
2. PARAMEDIC:
3. AMBULANCE DRIVER

FIRE PROTECTION MEASURES

TO NOTIFY LOCAL FIREBRIGADE ON PLACE AND TIME OF DESTRUCTION

POLICE HEADQUARTE_____________________
TO NOTIFY COUNTY POLICE HQ AND LOCAL POLICE STATION ON PLACE AND TIME OF DESTRUCTION

DESTRUCTION PLAN VERFIED BY:

HEAD OF SITE: 70
 OUP
REPORT ON DESTRUCTION OF MINES AND UXO NO:
TASK NAME:
TASK ID NO.:
PLACE AND DATE:
HEAD OF DESTRUCTION:
(name, family name, accreditation number)

MINES AND UXO FOUND AND DESTROYED:

Mines and their fragments
found (pcs) destroyed found destroyed
NO. AP MINES (pcs) AT MINES (pcs) (pcs)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
TOTAL TOTAL

UXO and their fragments

AMMUNITIONS found (pcs) destroyed BOMBS found destroyed
NO. (pcs) (pcs) (pcs)
1
2
3 NAVAL MINES
4
5 BOOBY TRAPS
6
7 OTHER:
8

EXPLOSIVE ITEMS FOR IGNITION AND DESTRUCTION

NO. FUSES metres BLASTING CAP PCS
1 SAFETY FUSE DK.8
2 DETONATING CORD EDK

EXPLOSIVE USED FOR DESTRUCTION OF MINES AND MASS

NO. UXO (name, ID number) (KG)
1
2

NOTE:

DEMINERS PERFORMED THE DESTRUCTION HEAD OF SITE

Name, number of deminer's ID: Name, No. of HoS ID
Name, number of deminer's ID:
Name, number of deminer's ID:

71
 REPORT ON SUSPENSION OF TECHNICAL SURVEY OPERATIONS

Date:

Report on Suspension of Technical Survey Operations

ID number and name of the Location at the site per map 1:

Task Execution Plan –
Technical Survey
Name of
the map
x (N)
y (E)
□ operations could not start hour min.
Information on suspension
□ operations were stopped hour min.

REASONS
1. temperature ˚C 8. strong wind
2. Rain 9. mine incident
3. snow 10. other
4. blizzard 11.
5. fog 12.
6. night 13.
7. flood 14.
Brief explanation:

Information on continuation of Explanation: date hour min.

the operations:

REPORTED BY NOTIFIED APPROVED BY

Head of Site Head of Section Head of Regional Office
Name, Name, Name,
family family family
name name name
72
 ANNEX F

BASIC EXAMPLES OF TECHNICAL SURVEY IMPLEMENTATION

1. Technical Survey in the area with known minefields

2. Technical Survey in the area with assumed minefields
3. Technical Survey in the area of a mine incident and/or UXO detonation
4. Example of a demining machine use

73
 1. Presentation of a Technical Survey in the area with known minefields 8

8
Translator’s note: The legend for all examples is given below; Words “siguran proctor” equals “safe
area” and “MSP” is “MSA”.
74
2. Presentation of a Technical Survey in the area with assumed minefields

75
3. Presentation of a Technical Survey in the area of a mine incident and/or UXO detonation

76
4. Example of a demining machine use

77
 ANNEX G

PRESENTATION OF THE PROCEDURES WHEN A MINE IS FOUND

1. The procedure when one mine is found

2. The procedure when two mines are found
3. The procedure when three mines are found

78
1. The procedure when one mine is found

79
2. The procedure when two mines are found

80
3. The procedure when three mines are found

81
 ANNEX H

LEGEND

SITE PLAN LEGEND

Mine/UXO disposal place

Parking

Area designated for first aid

Control point

Area desidnated for equipment

Start line

Start point

Metal detector testing area

Latrine
Sign for ongoing demining

SITE LEGEND

Position of a found mine

Position of a found UXO

Place where a mine was activated

Place where a UXO was activated

Safe access road

Survey lane (manual method)

Survey lane (mechanical method)

Safe area – survey lane

Direction of survey lanes (manual method)

Direction of survey lanes (mechanical method)

Survey lane (manual method after the machine)

Direction of survey lanes after a mine is found

Area searched after a mine was found

Site boundaries

82
 ANNEX I
COMMUNICATION PLAN

1. CROMAC – Survey Section

– Regional Office
2. Operations Division –
CROMAC Sisak- Dept.
CROMAC REGIONAL
for Organisation and
OFFICE
Analysis of General and
Technical Survey

Tel. Tel.
Tel.

HEAD OF TS SITE

Tel.
HAND HELD RADIO STATION MEDICAL TEAM

RADIO STATION
TEAM LEADER IN THE VEHICLE

HAND HELD
RADIO STATION
Tel.

POLICE STATION FIRE BRIGADE EMERGENCY HOSPITAL

92 93 112 Tel.
Tel.

Telephone connect.

Radio simplex connect.

83