Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Chapter 1
THE PROBLEM
the MTB-MLE program in the basic education curriculum of the country. The
drastic change in the educational system brought about different reactions from
the stakeholders particularly to the parents of the primary learners. The MTB-
brought about not only crucial political and social issues but challenges as well.
There is the existence of the great debate in which language to be used bringing
into surface the issue of the superior and inferior languages. There is also the
existence of unending questions and confusion in the part of the teachers and
People in the educational sector are not only ones who are concerned in
sophisticated field of linguistics and pragmatics. They question under critical eyes
the different theoretical foundations of the MTB-MLE program based from the
various language theories. It is inevitable that the program is one of the subjects
of deep scrutiny of the linguists and language scholars in the country and around
the world.
Curriculum and the implementation of the MTB-MLE program is the use of code
switching among the teachers teaching under the reformed curriculum. Different
According to Avery (2015), there are two major views about code switching in
language teaching and learning. These are the monolingual approach and the
bilingual approach.
Speak English Only policy in the schools are imposed to the learners and where
the first language or mother tongue is taught separately from the English
language.
On the other hand, the bilingual approach sees code switching opposite to
natural result of languages in contact, and that the use of the mother tongue by
the language learners is both beneficial and necessary to the effective second
language learning and acquisition (Avery, 2015). The bilingual approach is the
new pillar in which the K to 12 Curriculum based its implementation of the MTB-
of code switching among the elementary teachers might pose some issues in
Philippines, on the other hand, must not be lamely and harshly judged for the
giving the benefit of the doubt to the teachers, one might find relevant results in
classroom.
2018-2019.
study:
a) age;
c. Classroom management;
e. Providing instructions;
Null Hypothesis
people:
profession. Further, the results of the study will serve as guide for teachers in
constructing their lesson plans, teaching materials, and other relevant teaching
aids appropriate to the pupils who are learning English as their second language.
the relevance of code switching the teaching and learning processes occurring
within the confinements of the elementary classrooms. The results of the present
study will provide significant data as basis for further enhancement of the K to
12 elementary program particularly, in the enhancement of the MTB-MLE
different subject areas using English as medium of instruction. Further, the study
will also provide them with significant information about the current situation of
specific incentive to researchers who might seek after a similar report. The
present study will provide them with related literature relevant to the further
City Division located at Urdaneta City, Pangasinan. The respondents of the study
during the School Year 2018-2019, covering the First and Second Quarter
between the English and the identified first languages and other languages used
and spoken by the respondents in carrying out instructional delivery during the
The main focus of the study is to identify the pedagogical functions of the
Anonas Elementary School. The present study also aims to determine the
instructional delivery in English. Further, the study will also focus in finding the
Definition of Terms
(Avery, 2015). In this study, however, bilingual teacher talk refers to the extent
the learners. It also refers to the teachers’ reflection on and monitoring of their
the alternation of languages, that is, from English to Filipino or Mother Tongue.
Classroom management. It pertains to the wide variety of skills and
2014). In this study, it refers to the effective ways the teacher maintains
relationship between the teacher and the learners. Teachers try to build good
rapport with the learners in order to produce an environment that will help
learning (Council, 2006). Operationally, this refers to the way the teacher uses
the first language and other additional languages to establish rapport to the
code switching, for example, replying, asking, and giving cases among others.
from early childhood (University, 2011). In this study, it refers to the language
formal education in which the learner’s mother tongue and additional languages
are used in the classroom (Education, 2013). In this study, it refers to the
which the medium of instruction are the mother tongue and additional languages
language but which he or she use at work or at school (Collins, 2012). In this
study, it refers to the English language introduced and taught to the learners as
learner interaction during class discussions using their mother tongue, additional
languages, and the second language of the learners and of the teachers.
Reference List
Avery, T. (2015, August 13). The Pedagogical Potential of Codeswitching. Daejin University, China, China.
Collins. (2012, September 2). Collins Dictionary. Retrieved April 2, 2018, from Collins Disctionary:
https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/second-language
Council, B. (2006, June 15). Teaching English. Retrieved March 15, 2018, from British Council - BBC:
https://www.teachingenglish.org.uk/article/rapport
Education, D. o. (2013, December 9). K to1 2 Basic Education Curriculum: MTB-MLE Curriculum
Framework. Pasig City, Manila, Philippines.
Partnerships, G. S. (2014, November 16). Education Glossary. Retrieved March 29, 2018, from Education
Glossary: https://www.edglossary.org/classroom-management/
University, O. (2011, May 21). English Oxford Living Dictionaries. Retrieved April 5, 2018, from Oxford
Dictionaries: https://en.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/mother_tongue
Wikipedia. (2015, July 12). Wikipedia Free Dictionary. Retrieved April 1, 2018, from Wikipedia Free
Dictionary: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/student_engagement