A.

ppendix C I Charts of Connecting Words and Transition Signals 297

296 A.ppendix rc I Charts of Connecting Words and Transition Signals

> Conjunctive Adverb Examples

uc
Collj ll tiveA.dverb i
..

··T.... .... To indicate "the first statement is not true; the second statement is true"
yc > .......
instead The medicine did not make him feel better; instead, it made him feel worse.
also Community colleges offer preparation for many jobs; also, they prepare students
on the contrary ; on the contrary,
to transfer to four-year colleges or universities.
rather ; rather,
besides ; besides,
furthermore ; furthermore, instead (meaning They had planned to go to Hawaii on their honeymoon; instead, they went
in addition ; in addition, "as a substitute") to Mexico.
moreover ; moreover,

To add an
. )"' ........ • >.
....
To give another possibility. . .

alternatively You can live in a dorm on campus; on the other hand, you can rent a room with a
however The cost of attending a community college is low; however, many students need on the other hand family off campus.
financial aid. ; alternatively,
nevertheless ; nevertheless,
nonetheless ; nonetheless, otherwise Students must take final exams; otherwise, they will receive a grade of Incomplete.
still ; still, (meaning "if not")
..
... ..... >.> To add an explanation
in contrast Most community colleges do not have dormitories; in contrast, most four-year in other words Some cultures are matriarchal; in other words, the mothers are the nead of the family.
colleges do. that is ; that is,
on the other hand ; on the other hand,
To make a stronger statement
• . . . """ ...; ..
indeed Mangoes are a very common fruit; indeed, people eat more mangoes than any other
as a result Native and nonnative English speakers have different needs; as a result, most fruit in the world.
schools provide separate classes for each group. in fact ; in fact,
consequently ; consequently,
therefore ; therefore,
thus ; thus,

.""-'... ... .., ....."".......

", Transition Signals
meanwhile Police kept people away from the scene of the accident; meanwhile, ambulance
workers tried to pull victims out of the wreck.

afterward The workers put five injured people into an ambulance; afterward, they found another
victim. Transition Signals Coordinating Subordinating Others: Adject1ves,
then ; then, and Conjunctive Conjunctions Conjunctions Prepositions, Verbs
subsequently ; subsequently, A.dverbs and Paired
Conjunctions
To give an example
To Ustideas in order of time
for example Colors can have different meanings; for example, white is the color of weddings in
some cultures and of funerals in others. first, ... before the first (reason, cause,
for instance ; for instance, first of all, ... after step, etc.)
second, o •• until the second o ••

To showshnilarities third, •• 0 when the third •• 0

similarly Hawaii has sunshine and friendly people; similarly, Mexico's weather is sunny and its next, o •• while another •• 0

people hospitable. then '0' as soon as the last .0.

likewise ; likewise, after that, .. . since the final ...

meanwhile, ...
in the meantime, •• 0

finally, ...
last, ...
last of all, o ••

subsequently, ...
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298A.ppeli11dh" C I Charts of Connecting Words and Transition Signals Appendix C I Charts of Connecting Words and Tt"anslt1on Signals 299 ii"

--------------------------------;'".

.......""............
..: igtve .'"H",..,'" . .
first, the first ... (reason, for this reason, ... for because as a result of
first of all, cause, step, etc.) because of
first and foremost, an additional . due to
second, ... the second . ..... . . . .• ......•
more important, . another ... •• 1[:." ..... '•••.. ..............
most important, . a more important
accordingly, ... so the cause of
more significantly, (reason, cause,
as a consequence, ... the reason for
most significantly, step, etc.)
to cause
above all, . the most important
as a result, ... to result (in)
most of all, . the most significant .
consequently, ... to have an effect on
the best/the worst .
for these reasons, ... to affect
similar or equal idea hence, ...
therefore, " .
also, ... and another . .. (reason, thus, ...
besides, ... cause, step, etc.)
furthermore, . both ... and a second ... ....... ....
in addition, . not only ... but also an additional
all in all, ...
moreover, a final ...
in brief, ...
too as well as
in short, ...
as well
to conclude, ...
To add an opposite idea to summarize, ...
in conclusion, ...
however, ... but although despite in summary, ...
on the other hand, yet even though in spite of for these reasons, ...
nevertheless, ... though .

nonetheless, ....,,"'+ ..... ...

still, ...
likewise, ... and alike, like, just like
explain or ...estateanid.ea similarly, ... both ... and as, just as
also not only ... but also as well
in other words, ... neither ... nor as well as
in particular, ... compared with or to
(more) specifically, in comparison with or to
that is, ... to be similar (to)
too
a stronger statement
indeed, .
To. show differences
in fact, . however, " . instead of
in contrast, ...
To give another possibilitlJ
instead, ...
alternatively, ... or on the contrary, ...
on the other hand, either ... or on the other hand, ...
otherwise, ... whether .. , or rather, ...

To give an example
for example, such as
for instance, an example of
to exemplify

To express an opinion
according to . to believe (that)
in my opinion, . to feel (that)
in my view, ... to think (that)