მნიშვნელოვანი მოვლენა

ქართული არქეოლოგია დღეს კვლავ მძიმედ, მაგრამ მაინც იწყებს აღმა სვლას. ეს გარდუვალი
პროცესია არქეოლოგიური მემკვიდრეობით ისე გაჯერებულ ქვეყანაში, როგორიც საქართველოა.
საზოგადოდ კი, არქეოლოგია არის ქართველოლოგიურ მეცნიერებათა დარგებს შორის
სრულიად გამორჩეული თავის ინტერნაციონალური ხასიათით, რაც პირველ რიგში
განპირობებულია ათასწლეულების მანძილზე ჩვენი წინაპრების მიერ განხორციელებული
მრავალრიცხოვანი საგარეო ურთიერთობებით. არქეოლოგიის ამავე ხასიათის საფუძველია
ყველაზე თანამედროვე მიღწევების ამ დარგში დანეგვის შეუქცევადი პროცესი, რასაც არქეოლოგია
დარგთაშორისი მეცნიერების ორბიტაზე გაჰყავს. შესაბამისად, ქართული არქეოლოგიის მომავლის
ანუ ქართველი სტუდენტობის წინსვლის ერთ-ერთი აუცილებელი პირობა არის უცხოენოვანი
ლიტერატურის, პირველ რიგში კი, ინგლისურენოვანი პუბლიკაციების, სწრაფად გამოყენება და
ათვისება. ბუნებრივია, რომ ამ პროცესში დიდი მნიშვნელობა ენიჭება სპეციალურად ამ
დარგისათის განკუთვნილი ლექსიკონის არსებობას. სწორედ ეს აუცილებლობა ჰქონდა
გათვალისწინებული ქალბატონ მარინა კაპანაძეს, როდესაც მან მრავალი წლის წინ ქართულ-
ინგლისური და ინგლისურ-ქართული არქეოლოგიური ლექსიკონის შექმნაზე დაიწყო მუშაობა. არ
შეიძლება არ აღინიშნოს, რომ ლექსიკონზე მუშაობა სრულიად განსხვავებული, მძიმე და ხშირად
არც თუ სათანადოდ დაფასებული შრომაა. სწორედ ამიტომ ამბობდნენ რომაელები, რომ ვინც
ღმერთმა გაიმეტა, მას ლექსიკონის შექმნა დაავალაო. ამ ხანგრძლივი შრომის შედეგი კი
ქალბატონმა მარინამ ამ რამოდენიმე ხნის წინ ივ. ჯავახიშვილის სახ. თბილისის სახელმწიფო
უნივერსიტეტის არქეოლოგიის ინსტიტუტში მოიტანა ერთადერთი თხოვნით - ლექსიკონის
გამოყენების საშუალება მისცემოდა არქეოლოგთა ახალგაზრდა თაობას.

ამჯერად საუნივერსიტეტო ვებ-გვერდზე ლექსიკონის ელექტრონული ვარიანტი განთავსდა, თუმცა

დიდი იმედი მაქვს, რომ მალე მისი გამოცემაც მოხერხდება.

ვსარგებლობ შემთხვევით და თსუ-ს არქეოლოგიის ინსტიტუტის სახელით უღრმეს მადლობას

მოვახსენებ ქალბატონ მარინა კაპანაძეს ამ შესანიშნავი საჩუქრისათვის

ვახტანგ ლიჩელი
 winasityvaoba

Tqven winaSea inglisel, amerikel da avstraliel avtorTa naSromebidan 36 wlis

manZilze amokrefili sityvebisa da frazebis mcire krebuli, romlis daniSnulebaa
daexmaros arqeologs Tavisuflad waikiTxos da gaigos misTvis saintereso teqsti,
xolo survilis SemTxvevaSi Tavadac daweros naSromi inglisurad, radgan
leqsikoni Seicavs, magaliTad, abanos, aguris, beWdis, daTariRebis, Tixis, iaraRis,
keramikis, kecis, monetis, mZivis, nagebobis, obsidianisa da qvis nivTebis, ornamentis,
retuSis, samajuris, samarxis, saxuravis, feris, WurWlis sxvadasxva saxeobaTa
aRmniSvnel terminebs. inglisur-qarTul teqstSi ki mTeli rigi terminebi, frazebi
da frazuli zmnebis mravalnairi formebia warmodgenili. amrigad, es patara wigni
araa marto sityvaTa krebuli, riTic igi gansxvavdeba Cveulebrivi leqsikonebisagan,
romelSic zogjer ramdenime gverdiani statiis wakiTxvaa saWiro, rom miagno im
zust mniSvnelobas, romelic arqeologs SeiZleba gamoadges. Tu oqsfordis
cnobil leqsikonSi naxavT sityvebs be, do, get, have, let, make, set da bevr sxvasac,
amaSi advilad darwmundebiT. aRarafers vambob frazul zmnebზე, romlebic xSirad
iwvevs gaugebrobas teqstis Targmnisas. aq ar aris arcerTi sityva da fraza,
romelic Cemi Targmnilia inglisurad. TiToeuli maTgani aRebulia originaluri
teqstebidan, magaliTad, esa, Tu is ornamenti, romelic am teqstebSia CamoTvlili,
nanaxia TandarTul ilustraciaze, Sedarebulia qarTul dasaxelebasTan da ise
aqvs miwerili Targmani.

zogierT sityvas, qarTulsa Tu inglisurs, uweria ramdenime sinonimi, rac

saSualebas mogcemT SearCioT is, romelic yvelaze ukeT gamoxatavs Tqven azrs ama
Tu im mocemul SemTxvevaSi.

wignSi Sesulia sakuTar da geogrაfiul saxelTa mcire nusxa orive enaze da

gamoyenebul SemoklebaTa sruli sia.

sityvaTa am mcire krebuli dagexmarebaT gacilebiT advilad da bevrad naklebi

drois danaxarjiT gaigoT ucxoeli kolegis naSromi da Tavadac scadoT
inglisurad daweroT rame, Tu gramatikis saTanado codnac geqnebaT, radgan
gaumarTav winadadebas mainc veravin gaigebs...

mkiTxveli advilad mixvdeba, rom es naSromi ar warmoadgens srulyofilebis

nimuSs, radgan es Cems Zalebs aRemateba da arc arsebobs aseTi leqsikoni erTi
ubralo mizezis gamo-ena mudmivad icvleba da am cvlilebas TiTqmis veravin ver
eweva...egaa mxolod, aucilebelia arsebobdes rac SeiZleba meti sacnobaro
literatura da mkiTxveli Tavad moZebnis imas, romelic mas gamoadgeba...
 me mecadineoba ar damiklia am TiTqmis oTxi aTeuli wlis ganmavlobaSi, rom am
krebuls es saxe mieRo. SeiZleba iyos orTografiuli Secdomebi gaparuli,
risganac Tavis dazRveva, veWvob, rom gamiWirdeboda, radgan kompiuteri jiutad
“aprotestebda” orenovan teqsts, qarTulis gamo yvelafers “Secdomad” miTvlida
da klaknili xazebiT gadamiwiTlebda xolme mTel teqsts. albaT waawydebiT
Secdomas aqa-iq, Tumca amas gavlena ar mouxdenia terminTa sizusteze. amitom
umorCilesad gTxovT, SemindoT, rom ver vajobe am manqanas...

siamovnebiT miviReb da didi gulisyuriT movekidebi yvela keTilganwyobil

SeniSvnas da rCevas, romelTac uSurvelad gadavcem imas, vinc isev SeeWideba am
saqmes im ganzraxviT, rom gaakeTos amaze ufro srulyofili da daxvewili
leqsikoni, romelic yovelTvis saWiroa ucxo enaze dawerilis ukeT gasagebad,
radgan erTi enis miTi babilonis godolTan erTad daingra da sxvadasxva xalxebma
maTTvis gaugebar enebs ucxo daarqves. aseTi cnobarebi namdvilad arasodes ar
iqneba zedmeti samecniero sazogadoebisaTvis da arc mjobnis mjobni daileva.

pativiscemiT,

marine kapanaZe,

avtori.

სოხუმის სახელმწიფო უნივერსიტეტის ელ-ბიბლიოთეკა

სიტყვებზე გადასასვლელად გთხოვთ, გამოიყენოთ
ანბანური საძიებელი
ELIBRARY.SOU.EDU.GE
 სარჩევი

a absida=afsida n adj apse,absis/absidis

~Sverili/win waweuli n extending/pro-
abazana v bath-tub,alveus/alveusi sing/pl Lat
jecting apse
~gverdiTi flanking bath
absiduri=afsiduri adj apsidal
~Rrma plunge ~
aburZgnuli adj disheveled
abano n baths(pl),thermae/thermarum sing/pl
abjar-saWurveli n amour =armor
Lat
abjari(ix.javSani) n a suite of armour,cha-
~anfiladuri n bath-suite
in-mail,cataprahrt,harness
~grili n cool bath
~majis n braser,wrist cover/guard
~Tbili n warm ~ / tepidarium/tepidarii
~muxlis n knee ~ ~
sing/pl Lat
~sabarkuli n leg armour,thigh band,cover
~mSrali n dry-heat room
for thigh
~orTqlis n sweating bath/room
~saidayve n elbow cover, pass guard
~civi n cold bath,frigidarium/frigidarii sing/
~samkerduli(ix.polotiki) n breast
pl Lat.
plate
~cxeli n hot bath,calidarium/calidarii Lat.
~samklauri n oversleeve
abanoTubani n Sulphur Bath Complex/Site
~sayelo n gordet
abanos gaTboba heat(ing) system
~sawvive n leg armour,shin-ped
~ ~ iatakis qveS hypocaustus/hypoca-
abjarSi Casma v n encase(ment)
usta sing/pl Lat
abjriT Semosili adj mail clad
~ ~ orTqliT damp heat(ing) system
abjris firfita scale(s) of armour
~gamxurebeli n adj heater, heating
~ostati/abjrosani n armourer
~gasaxdeli changing room, apoditerium/
~wvivsakravi n pl usu. greaves
apoditerii n sing/pl Lat
agarani n villa, resort
~saqvabe n furnace room
ageba v n build,compose,construct(ion),form-
~saSxape n shower-bath
(ing)of sth,creat(ion)
~sacecxle n heating,praefurnium/praef-
~Zvel saZirkvelze construct on the top of
urnii n sing/pl Lat
earlier layer
~fila Sverilebiani tigula/tigulae ma-
agebuleba n fabric,pattern,structure,texture
matae n sing/pl Lat
agebuli adj built,composed,constructed,cre-
~qvabi n boiler
ated,formed
~qvabis Semkrebi n junction box
~tradiciaze/tradiciiT built/building on
~horizontaluri gaTbobis mili epi-
tradition
caustum/epicausta n sing/pl Lat
agegmva v ger plan(record,survey)(ing)
abedi(s) n adj amadeu,tinder
agvisto(ix.axalwlisani,mariamobisa,qvel
abzinda(si)=avSani/avSnisa n adj wormwo-
Tobisa) n August
od, Artemisia Lat.
agia-triada=sameba n the Trinity
abzindi(s) n adj clasp
agora n agora
~ena n tongue,ligula/ligulae sing/pl Lat.
agoranomos=bazrobebis zedamxedveli
abma(ix.abneva) v tie up
n sing/pl Gr. Agoranomos/agoranomi
abmuli adj tied/tying up agrafa n agrapha
abneva(ix.dabneva) v n confuse,confusion agrafi=balTa n agraphe, buckle
~mZivis v rope,string,thread aguri n adj brick
abneuli/abneulad adj adv inextricable(ly) aliz ~ lump/mud ~
abraamis xe/xis n adj Vitex(icis)angus castus ~bzenarevi=umi adobe ~, chaff tempered
abreSumi(s) n adj silk ~brtyel-amoburculi plano-convex ~
~gza n Silk Road/Rout ~brtyel-Cazneqili plano-concave ~
~elvareba n shot ~gamomSrali air/lump ~
~parki n adj cocoon ~gamomwvari baked(bakened/burnt) ~
~sasarCule n adj sarsenet ~gamouwvavi=umi not burnt(lump/pale) ~
~ Wia n silikworm ~ganivi broad ~
abreSumiviT adj silken ~damwvari over-burnt ~
abrisiF(germ) n sharp delineation, abriß Ger.
 სარჩევი

~TaRis arch ~ ~gamarTuli adj upright

~Tixis clay ~ ~gamoCenili foremost sb, celebrity
~lavgardanis cornice ~ ~damkvidrebuli based in(country/place)
~marTkuTxa right-angled ~ ~didebuli n grandee
~mzeze gamomSrali sun-dried ~ ~Tanmxlebi n attendant
~mosapirkeTebeli facing ~ ~iaraRis momxmarebeli tool-using human
naxevari ~ half-brick ~mkvidri adj indigenous(eg Georgian)
~saqusle abutment ~ ~mozrdili adj adult, mature(age)
~saRumele kiln ~ ~moxrilad mosiarule adj slouching
~solisebri key(voussoir/wedge-shaped)~ ~pirvelyofili early human
~urTierTgadamkveTi RarebiT ~ with ~ ~ tandabali short stature
crossing grooves ~rigiTi commoner
~futuro hollow ~ ~risxva thunderbolt
~”qarTuli” quadrel,plinth ~ ~saSualo simaRlis average stature
~qvedis fire ~ ~tanmaRali(Tanamedrove) adj tall
~Rariani channeled/grooved ~ ~tanmorCili adj short,not tall
~xelnakeTi hand-made/lump ~ ~ucxo outlier
aguriT adv in brick ~frinveli human-bird
~naSeni adj n brick-built, brickwork ~Sua xnis adj middle-aged
aguris(ix.Rumeli) adj brick =winapari n forebear(s),forefather(s),fo-
~grZeli gverdi n edge/stretcher under,predecessor(s) of sb
~gunda n lump ~xelsawyos momxmarebeli tool using hu-
~damwyobi n ~ layer/mason man
~zeda farTe piri(ix.qveda) upper bed ~jansaRi robust
~mkeTebeli=meagure n ~ maker adamianis adj human,man‟s
~safeni n ~ flooring ~buneba humanity
~qarxana n brickworks ~gakeTebuli adj man-made, handiwork
~ qveda farTe piri(ix. zada) lower bed ~zemoqmedeba bunebaze/Careva human in-
~ wyoba n bricking,brick-work terference on…
~ ~ ganivad adv header ~Taviani adj human headed
~ ~ ganivi adj bricking in width,brick- ~miTiuri gadaqceva mglad n lycanth-
work thropy
~ ~ gverdiTi adj ~ in carinated side ~msgavsi maimuni anthropoid
~ ~ grZeli=viwro gverdiT on edge, ~msxverplSewirva human sacrifice
edgewise,stretcher on edge ~mxari(ix,WurWlis) n shoulder
~ ~ grZivi adj ~ in length ~ ~ daqanebuli drooping shoulder(s)
~ ~ Tarazuli adj coursed/horizontal~ ~nacxovrebi/saqmianoba human occupation
~ ~farTe gverdiT adv ~ on bed ~oTxad gakveTa v ger quarter(ing)
~ wyobaSi Casmuli brick-work bond ~ostatoba/xelovneba human ingenuity
agurfenili n adj brick paved/paving,pa- ~risxva thunderbolts
ved with bricks ~saqmianoba/Zalahuman agency/occupation
agurfila(filis) n adj tile brick ~simaRle life-size
adaTebrivi adj customary ~Seqmnili man-made
adaTi n custom, rite ~cxovreba n life
~yvelafris dawvis n holocaust ~warbzeda nawili n superciliary
adamamdeli adj pre-Adamite=Preadmite ~winapari n hominid
adamanti(s)/almasi(s) n adj diamond adamianisebri adj anthropomorphic, man-
adamiani n Homo ergaster,human(being),man like
~avadmyofuri(dabali/zrdaSeferxebuli ~ maimuni n ape
stunted growth adamianissaxovani adj with human face
~gamarTulad mosiarule Homo erectus, adamianoba n humanity
upright adamianurad adv humanly

2
 სარჩევი

adamianuri adj (human) agency ~sakuTari original/own ~

~buneba/Tvisebebi the Humanities,humanity ~samsxverplo sacrifial/sacrifice ~
~mcdeloba/Zalisxmeva human endeavour ~sasurveli/sayvareli stpmp(ing) ground
~ostatoba/xelovaneba ~ ingenuity ~saxelwarmoqmnis/warmoSobis eponym-
~faqtori human agency ous site
adamis da evas samosi (sb in one‟s ) birth- ~uSoresi centridan outmost
day suite ~fexmosakidi footing,stepping stone
~vaSli Adam‟s apple ~yvelaze Sori centridan outmost
adasturebs v attests,confirms,documents, ~SeerTebis joint,junction,juncture,tie line
proves,testifies,testimonies,witnesses ~SemoRobili enclosure
warrants ~Sesqelebuli node of sth
~arsebobas sth confirms the existence of sth ~Cavardnili depressed/depression,sunken
~erTxel kidev/ufro rom... sty provides place,low lying area
yet further demonstration of the fact that.. ~Camoyalibebis formation zone
~popularobas sth attests to a popularity ~Casaxvis/warmoSobis home,place/point of/
~sapirispiros sty militates against sth for origin
~termins warrants the term ~carieli blanck/empty place
~warmomavlobas attests to roots ~centraluri central(ity)
adgeba=argia v fits ~ZiriTadi entire place/region
adgil-mamuli(s) adj farmstead ~warmomavlobis/warmoSobis locality/
adgilmdebareoba n locality,location,place- place of origin
ment,seat,site,locus/loci n sing/pl Lat. ~ wminda Holy/sacred place, sacred precinct
adgilnacvali adj displaced,dislocated,relo- ~ ~ da xelSeuvali n sacrosanct
cated,replaced adgilis adj of area (locality,site,spot)
~piri displaced person ~daTmoba give way to sb/sth
adgilsamyofeli n original spot,seat,whe- ~deda n hearth Goddess
reabouts ~sataxto=sajdomi seat of sb
dgilobrivad adv locally ~Sesavsebad (as if) to fit the space
adgili n area,locality,home,place(ment),po- adgilmdebareoba n sing/pl Lat. locus/loci,
int,position,post,room,seat,site,space, seat,site
spot adgilnacvali adj sth offset (by sb/sth)
~aRmoCenis/povnis find spot,locality,locati- adgilobriv adv locally,on the spot
on adgilobrivi adj domestic,host,indigenous,
~ beWdis/damRis locus sigili Lat. local,native,stationary,vernacular
~gadabmis isthmus ~versia local version
~gadagrexis bending ~Tavisebureba local peculiarity
~gasaCerebeli/dgomis stopping place ~mosaxleoba native people,the locals
~dabadebis birthplace ~nairsaxeoba local variety
~dakrZalvis place of burying ~samyaro ~ world
~damzadebis/warmoebis ~ of production ~saxe ~ shape
~ daniSnulebis n (place of) destination, ~saxesxvaoba ~ distinction
goal,point,summit ~tom(eb)i ~ communities/tribes
~vake plane ~forma ~ shape
~zarafxanis coinage place ~civilizacia indigenous civilization(s)
~igive at the same venue ~warmoeba/warmoebis (of) local production
~maRali high(est) altitude/place ~warmomavloba authencity of sb/sth
~mTavari Zeglze central focus of the site ~jiSi home grown
~mTiani mountainous terrain,rugged high- adgilobrioba n authencity
lands(landscape/terrain) adgilsamyofeli n seat
~moqmedebis scene
advilad adv easily,loosily,readily,simply
~rTuli tangled
~asaxsneli simple to explain
~saTanado/saWiro the right place
~aRmosaCeni detectable

3
 სარჩევი

~aRsadgeni easy restored avzi n cistern, tank

~gasagebi intelligeble avTenturi adj authentic
~gasarCevi identifiable avTenturoba n authenticity
~gasawmendi easily cleansable avTvisebiani adj malignant
~dasamuSavebeli easy treated/worked avi adj bad,evil,fierce,malignant,nasty,terrible
~misadgomi easy access,accessible,acces- wicked
sibly ~Tvali evil eye
~sacnobi readily recognized ~Tvalis axsna v exorcise=exorcize
advildnobadi adj easy melted/melting avis movlineba vinmeze inflict evil on sb
advili adj easy ~momaswavebeli adj dire
advilsapobi adj ~ split avladideba n belongings (pl usu),property
advilxsnadi adj ~ soluble, solvent avlosi(sakravi) n sing/pl Lat. aula/aulae
adideT! v glorify, worship avJandi n stirrup
adidva v draw avtarqia n autarky
adiutanti n Lat. adjutans, Fr. Aide-de-camp avtokefalia n self governance,autokephaley
administraciuli adj administrative avtokefaluri adj autokephale Gr.
~erTeuli lathe avtonomia n autonomy
~centri administrative centre for… avtonomiuri adj autonomous
adre adj adv early,earlier,previously avtoportreti n self-portrait
~arsebuli antecedent,predecessor,pre- avtoreferati n abstract
existent/existing,ancestral to,origin avtori n author,originator,writer
~didi xniT long before the modern era ucnobi ~ anonymous author
samiwaTmoqmedo early agrarian(farming/pre avtoqtoni n autochton
agricultural) economy avtoqtonuri adj autochtonous
adreulad adv precociously avukulati n avunculate
adreuli(ix.qveda)adj early,earlier than any… avSani=abzinda(mcenare)(is) n adj wormwo-
=pirveli earlier, original od, Artemisia Lat.
~warmomavlobis sth of early/earlier origin avSara(ix.cxenis) n halter
aerTianebs v combines,comprises,incorpora- avxorcoba n adj adv lust(ful)(ly)
tes azaralebs lambasting
aerofoto n aerial photo(graphy)/view azela v ger knid(ing),(s)mash(ing),pug(ing)
~gadaReba v take ~ ~ azelili adj knidded,(s)mashed,pugged
avadmyofi adj ailing,ill,sick aziaro(mRvdelma) v communicate,give com-
suliT ~ adj insane munion
avadmyofoba n disease,illness,melady,sick- ~rasme v expose to,introduce sb to sth
ness aziduli adj stretched up
avadsaxsenebeli ill famed,infamous,notorio- azis(mag,saxeluri) v sth is set on sth
us aznauri(kaci/qali) n baron(ess),count(ess),
avaza n panther nobleman/lady
avanposti n outpost azomva v ger measure(record,survey)(ing)
avanscena n foreground,proscenium/proscenii azrze mimxroba v associate with sb in…
Lat. azrTa sxvaoba n discord
avanturini(s) n adj gold stone azri n assumption,claim upon,concept,ess-
avanturisti n maverik ence,idea,meaning,mind,notion,opinion,po-
avgarozi(s) n adj amulet(ic) int of view,implication,observation,reflection
avguri n augur sense,significance,pronouncement,suggest-
avdari n storm ion,theory,thinking,thought,statement,judge-
aversi=Subli n obverse,heads (pl usu) ment,view,position
aveji n fixture, furniture ~brZnuli n adage,quaint
~msubuqi flimsy ~ azurite=lurji malaqiti(s) n adj azurite
~saojaxo domestic equipment,fitment(s) aTabagi n atabeg
avejiT gawyoba v appoint aTasi/aTasobiT num adj thousand(s) (of)

4
 სარჩევი

aTaswleuli n sing/pl millennium/millennia ion,prevent sb to dosth,disallow(ance),

aTaswlovani adj millennial taboo
aTdRiuri(aTwleuli/aTwliuri) n decade akrZaluli adj forbidden, tabooed
aTeuli(aTeulobiT/aTobiT) num adj ~xili forbidden fruit
tens (of) akuratuli adj accurate, precise
aTviseba v ger master(ing) akuratuloba n accuracy, precision
~adgilis v n accumulate(ion),occupy/ alabastri(s)=alabastroni(s) n adj ala-
occupation of the areas baster
~miwebis v ger open(ing) up alage n stile
~produqtis v consume alageba(ix.samarxis) v remove
=swavla v pick up alao(si) n adj malt
farTo ~ full use of sth ~ dalboba v liquer
aTla iribad ~ v bevel alayafi(ix.WiSkari) n gate
~Txlad v press of sth ~asawevi n portcullies
aTleti=mZleosani/Zalosani n athlete alebarda n Germ. hellebarde
aTmagi adj tenfold alesva v ger sharpen(ing)
aTqalaqi n Decapolis alesili adj sharpened
aTwaxnaga n adj decagon aleqsandriti(s) n adj Alexandrite
aTwleulis xnisa/aTwlovani adj decade alvis xe/xis n adj aspen,poplar
(s)-old alTe(si) n adj hollyhock=Altheae rosea
aiazma/aiazmis n adj Holy Water ~samkurnalo n adj marsh-mallow=Althae
~sasxurebeli n (a)sprinkle officialis Lat.
aivani n balcony alTuni(moneta) n altun
~gadmokidebuli ~ projecting out over sth ali n flame
aivniani adj balconied ~tyis feria n mermaid
akademiis gamocema n academic periodical ~wylis ~ n water-sprite, witch
akademiuri(ix.done) adj academic alibWe n flue
~gamocema scholarly edition aliz-aguri(s) n adj adobe(AmE),mud-
~wreebi academic world brick (BrE)
akazmuloba=aRkazmuloba n ammunition alizi n mud
akanTi(s) n sing/pl Lat. acanthi/acanthi ~bzenarevi n chaff-tempered ~
~msgavsi adj acanthus-like aliziT adv adobe, mud
akecva(ix.zeviT) v turn up ~Selesili adj clay-coated
akvamarini(s) n adj aquamarine ~Semtkicebuli adj sth held together with
akvani n cradle mortar
~civilizaciis home of civilization(s) alizi(s)(ix.baTqaSi) n adj adobe,mud,pi-
akveduki=belRari n aqueduct Lat. sé Fr., daub
akinaki(ix.maxvili) n lance,spear ~Semzadeba(kedlis ZirSi)mortar bedding
akldama(is) n charnel house,sepulcher,shrine ~xsnari(s) n adj mortar
~gvaris clan vault alTe(si) n adj hollyhock, Althea rosea Lat.
~TaxCa n bay,berth ~samkurnalo n adj marsh-mallow, Althea
akme(izmi) n akme(ism) Gr. officinalis Lat.
akrefa v pick, hand picking alilo n Christmas carol, Colyada (Gr)
~masalis v collect,pick,hand picking alisebri adj flame/flamy-like
~teqstis v compose/set up the text alkuni=Warli n kingfisher=Alcedinidae
akroliTuri adj acrolithic fam, Lat
almandini(s)=wiTeli iagundi(s)n adj
akropolisi n acropolis Gr.
almandine
akroteriumi(ix.frontoni) n sing/pl Lat.
almandiniti(s) n adj almandinite
acroterium/acroteria(acroteriumi); acro-
almasi(s) n adj uncut diamond
acroterion (Gr)
akrostixi n akrostichis Gr. alpuri adj alpine
akrZalva v n ban,forbid,prohibit/prohibit- aluviuri adj alluvial

5
 სარჩევი

alqimia n alchemy ~Cawneuli adj convex and pressed

alqimikosi n alchemist amoburculi adj convex,hogged, proturbe-
alqimiuri adj alchemical rant,relief,swelling outwards,buckle
alya n v siege amogdeba v knock out
~nadirze/tyveebze v round up captives amogeba v dress,line
alyaSi moqceva v besiege/impale enemy amogebuli(ix.qviT) adj dressed, lined
alyis Semortyma v besiege,lay siege ~kedlebi lined walls
alCu da/Tu Toxani cross and/or pile ~TixiT clay lined
amala n retinue,suite,tendence,throng,rout ~ZelebiT lined with logs,timber framing of
amalgama/amalgamis n adj amalgama logs
amalgamiT dafarva v foil amoglesa=amogozva v doub with
amao adj futile,plough the sand,it is a dead fish amoglesili=amogozili adj doubed with
~Sroma unrewarded work amogleja v pull out
amaod adv in vain, unsuccessfully amovseba v fill in, pile up
amarTuli adj elated,emerging,topped,erec- ~siTxis Sesakaveblad v stop a leak
ted,upright,uplifted amovsebuli adj filled in,inserted,piled up
amaRleba(ix.SemaRleba) v n elevate/eleva- amozneqil-Cazneqili adj convexo-concave
tion,highten,make higher,raise amozneqili adj buckle,curved, hogged
~iesosi(dRe)=koxinjroba n v Ascension amozurguli adj backed
Day,Ascend(ing), Elevation (of the Host) amoTlili adj chiseled,hollowed
~jvris Exaltation of the Cross amoTxra v n dig out,disinterred,exhume/
amaRlebuli adj elevated,raised exhumation,unearth
ambavi(ix.gadmocema) n fable,happening(s), amoTxrili adj dug out,disinterred,exhumed,
incident,legend,matter,narration,story,ta- unearthed
le,tradition amoicnoba v identify,recognize
~gamogonili fabulous,imaginary,made up amokawvra v scratch out
~naambobi narrated,narration,narrative amokawruli adj scratched out
~namdvili episode,fact,true story amokveTa(ix.amoWra,mokveTa) v chase,curve,
ambioni n ambo, pulpit cut out,engrave,incise,sculpture
~sinagogaSi AAlmimari Theba ~adre amokveTilze v overengrave
ambis gadacema n v propagate/propagation, ~liTonze v engrave,incise/incision
transmit/transmission ~warweris v inscribe
ambra/ambris n adj ambergris amokverva(ix.kverva) v hammer
ameTvisto(si) n adj amethyst amokiTxva v reading
amier(gaaCnia romeli qveynidan) pref. =gaSifvra v decode,interpret
trans..,ultra..,cis… amokrefa v ger pick(ing), sort(ing) out
amierkavkasia(saqarTvelosTvis)(ix.imier) ~madnis xeliT hand picking=benefication
n Ciscaucasia=cis-Caucasia ~teqstidan v pick up
amilaxvari=amilaxori=mejinibeTuxuce- amolesva/amolesili v adj close(d) up
si n equarry amomavali adj rising
amin! excl. Amen! amomarTuli adj emerged/emerging,eleva-
WeSmaritad! ~ verily ted from sth, topped
amirbari n admiral amomtvreva/amongreva v n gauge
amirspasalari/spaspeti n commander-in- amomwvari adj burnt out
chief,field-marshal amomwuravi/amomwuravad adj comprehensi-
amisos(moneta)n sing/pl Lat. Amisus/Amisos ve(ly)
amoberili adj convex, swollen ~bibliografia/monacemebi exhaustive
amoberiloba n convexity, swelling bibliography/data
amobrunebuli adj inverted,overturned amonabeWdi(naSromi) n presswork,printout,
amoburcva v buckle reprint
amoburcul-reliefuri(ix.ornamenti) adj amonaridi=citata v n cite/citation,quote/
relief quotation

6
 სარჩევი
amonaridis moSvelieba=citireba v quote
amonayari(Teslidan) n sucker
~mcenaris tanze n sprout
amonagleji=amonatexi n hollow,loophole
amonaWeri n cutting out
amongreva v hollow out
amorCeva v adj choose/chosen,select(ed),sor-
t(ed) out
amosavali=sawyisin initial,code word,primary
~TariRi pivotal date
~qronologiaSi pivotal for/in chronology
~wertili point of departure
amosvla v arise
~miwidan mcenaris v throw up
amotexva v thrust out
amotexili=amonatexi n adj loophole
amotvifvra v adj impress(ed),imprint(ed),
press(ed)out,stamp(ed)
amotivtiveba v appear,float,resurface
amotumbva v pump out
amoucnobi adj enigmatic,un(re)solved
amouwuravi adj inexhaustible,overwhelming
amofena/amofenili v adj cover/pave(ed)
amofrqveva qanebis v n uplift(s)
amofxaWna/amofxeka v scrape out
amofrqveva v n erupt(ion)
amoqargva/amoqarguli v adj embroider(ed)
amoqmedeba v drive,enact,enable,put into ope-
ration,trigger
~ramis v enable sth
amoqolva/amoqolili v adj block(ed),clo-
se(d) seal(ed)
~qvebiT block(ed) by stone walling
amoRarva/amoRaruli v adj excise/recess
(ed)
~fuZe hollow base(d)
amoReba v n extract(ion),take out
~konteqtidan v abstract
~siidan v delete
~xmarebidan v withdraw
amoRrueba/amoRruebuli v adj curve(d)/
hollow(ed) out,notch(ed)
amoRunuli adj convex,curved
amoSeneba(ix.amoqolva)v block up,build,cov-
er,face
amoSenebuli adj blocked up,built,covered
amoSla/amoSlili v adj n delete(d)/delati-
on,erase(obliterate,outline,remove,ef-
face(d), sharp deliniation
amoSroba/amoSrobiliv adj dry/dried out/up
amoCiCqna/amoCiCqnili v adj pluck (ed) out
amocnoba(ix.cnobadi) v n identify/identifica-
7
tion,recognize/recognition
~SesaZlebelia sth is identifiable/recogni-
zeable,sth is possible to identify/
recognize
~SeuZlebelia sth is not identifiable/reco-
gnizable,sth is not possible to identify/
recognize
amocnobili adj identified,recognized,unrev-
ealed
amoZirkva/amoZirkvuliv adj deteriorate(ing)
root out,uproot(ed)
amoZraveba v drive, trigger
~raime momarTulebiT propel towards…
amoZroba/amoZrobili v adj knock(ed) out,
remove(d)
amoweva v lift, dessect
amowva v burn out
~xeze poker-work
amowurva/amowuruli v adj deplete(ed),
exhaust(ed),fade(d) out,peter out
amowydoma=amowyveta v become extinct,die
out
amoWma liTonze v ger etch(ing)
amoWra/amoWrili v adj cut out
~liTonze v engrave
~qvaze/xeze v carve,curve
amoxapva/amoxapuli v adj bale(rake,scoop)
(ed) out
amoxveva/amoxveuli v adj twist(ed)
amoxocva/amoxocili v adj kill/massacre(d)
amoxsna n v clue,solve
=gasaRebi n key to
ampiri n adj (Fr) Empire
amJamindeli adj current
amJRavnebs v bears,reveals,shows
~gavlenas sth bears influence of sb/sth
~kavSirs sth reveals/shows links with…
~msgavsebas sth bears resemblance to sth
amridi(mexis/wylis) n offset
amsaxavi adj reflective,representative
amsaxveli adj reflective of sth
amtani adj enduring, tough(er)
amtanoba(ix.gamZleoba) n durability, stamina
amfiTeatri n amphitheatron
amfitrioni n amphitryon
amfiqtioni n amphictyony
amfora n sing/pl Lat. amphora/amphorae
~apuliis n Puglia ~
~dergi n jar-like ~
~zarisebri n bell ~
~TiTistarisebri n spindle-shaped ~
~maragis Sesanaxi n storing ~
 სარჩევი
~maRalyeliani n neck ~
~ritoni n ~ rhyton
~sakidi n ~ pendant,amphora-like pendant
~stafilosebri n carrot-shaped ~
~tara n ~ tara,carrying/transport ~
~quslwvetiani n ~ with pointed saucer
~welwvrili n ~ with interseption
amforiski n sing/pl Lat. amphoriskos/am-
phoriskoi
amqveyniuri adj eartherly, mundane
amSenebeli(ix.eklesiis) n builder
amCnevia v sth bears traces…
amZravi adj driving
amxedreba(winaaRmdeg)v play off one against
amxedrebuli cxovelze astride animal(s)
amxsneli adj exponent of, explanatory
anabeWdi n mark,impress,(im)print,trace,ca-
chet (Fr)
~TiTis n fingerprint
anabeWdis gamosaxuleba n seal impression
anazRaureba v n compensate/compensation
for…
anazomebi n pl usu. measurements
anaTali qvaze n sposeshaves
anaTema n Gr. Anathema
anaTemaze gadacema v anathemize
anakrefi adj collected, picked up
~masala surface material
~ ~ zedapirze collect from the surface
analebi n pl usu annals
anali(1wlis) n annal
analizi n sing/pl analysis/analyses
v analysis
~gamowvlilviTi/dawuruli adj catchm-
ment analysis
=moxseneba analysis report
~mxatvruli artistic analysis
analogi n analogy,correspondence
analogiiT adv by analogy with…
analogis mixedviT adv at the analogy
analogiuri adj analogous
anakrefi masala n surface findings
anamtvrevi n adj chip(ed)
anarekli n adj reflection,repercussion
~zusti mirrored image
anasaxi n mark,doing traces of… trace
anatvifri n cast, imprint
~micvalebulis n death mask
anatkecebiT Semosworeba trim edges by re-
moving small falakes
~cal mxareze uniface,unifacial
anatkecebis mocilebiT Semosworeba trim
8
edges by removing flakes
~anatkecebis Camomtvreva detach lithic
flakes
anatkecze iaraRis keTeba make tool on
flake
anatkci ~ secondary flake
anatkeci(s) n adj chip,flake(d),long blade,
lithic flake
~amtvreva v flake
~kaJis n chert
~momtvreva remove flake
~moSoreba remove a flake
~wvetiani bolo distal edge of the flake
anatomiuri wesrigi n anatomical order
anafora n Gr. anaphora, cowl
anaqoreti n sing/pl Gr anchorite/ancho-
rites
anaqronizmi n anachronism
anaqronistuli adj anachronistic
anbani(s) n alphabeth , ABC elements
~arqona illiteracy
~marcvlovani n syllabar
~qona literacy
anbanuri adj alphabetical
~WeSmariteba n copy-book maxim
angeloza(tyis mc.) n adj angelica= Ange-
lica hirsuta Lat.
angelozi n angel, ethereal messenger
~mfarveli tutelary angel
~fuZis guardian angel
angelozma daifara v protected the angel
angelozni n pl the heavenly hosts
angreva v destroy,smash
~iatakis remove the floor
angreuli adj beated,destroyed,smashed
andaza n proverb,saw,adage
~brZnuli n wise saw
andamati n charm, magic
anderZi n deed,testament,will
~politikuri political demice
anderZiT uaris Tqma v bequest
anderZiT/anderZis datoveba v bequeath
anderZis datoveba(ix.aRsruleba) v be-
queath,deed,make a testament
~damtovebeli n bequeathed
aneuli n fallow, spring crop
aneqsia v n annex(ation)
anTimoni(s)(ix.saolavi) n adj antimony,
cohl
anTimoniti(s) n adj antimonite
anTologia n sing/pl Lat. corpus/corpora
anTropogenezi n anthropogenesis
 სარჩევი
anTropogenuri adj anthropogenic
anTropomorfuli adj anthropomorphous
ankeri/ankeriT gamagreba/damagreba n v
anchor(age),grapple with
ankesi n hook
ankesis eklebi n pl barbs
anklavi n enclave (Lat); enoikismos (Gr)
anomalia n anomaly (to)
anomaluri adj anomalous
anonimi n anonym,anonymos (Gr)
anonimuri adj anonymous
anotacia n v annotate/annotation
ansambli n company,ensemble
antablementi n antablature=entablement
(Fr)
ante=anti n sing/pl Lat. anta/antae
antefiqsi n sing/pl Lat antefixa/antefixo-
rum
anti... pref anti… counter…
antiTeza n antithesis
antiTezuri adj antithetical
antikvari(adamiani) n antiquarian
~ nivTi n antiquary,antique(s)
antikvaruli adj antique,antiquarian
antikuri(ix.xana) n Antique
~samyaro Ancient=Antique World
~swavlebani Antique Studies
=Zveli adj ancient
~xanidan dRemde from Antiquity to the pre-
sent
antikuroba n Antiquity
antiseismuri adj antiseismic
antresoli=qoredi n attic,loft,mezzanine
anfasi=winxedi n full face,en face (Fr)
anfilada n row(series/suite) of rooms
anwli(ს) n adj elderberry. Sambukus spp Lat.
anjama/anjamiani(ix.urmis) n hinge(d)
anjamis Reraki n ~ pin
aorTqleba v n evaporate/evaporation
aorTqlebuli adj evaporated
aoSva=gadaxvna v plough over/up again
apadana n apadana
apani/apnisi(ix.ianvari,surwyunisi) n Ja-
nuary
aparati n apparatus
samecnero ~ scholarly(sciential/scientific)~
saxelmwifo ~ apparatus of state
apnisi(ix.dekemberi,tirisdeni,qristeSo-
bisa) n December
apoikia n apoicia (Lat),apoikia/apoikiai (Gr)
apokalifsi(ioane) n the Revelation
apokrifi/apokrifuli n adj apocryp(al)
9
apologia n apology
apostati n apostate
apotrofuli adj apotropaic
aprili(ix.vardobisai,igrika) n April
aJuri n ajour (Fr)
~xuroTmoZRvruli n tracery
aJuruli=Wviruli adj filigree,open-work
~naqsovi open-work lace
araberZnuli adj non-Greek=Nongreek
arabeski(arabeskebi)Nn arabesque (Fr)
arabi n Arab(ian),Saracen
arabuli adj AArabian
aragamZle adj perishable(s),unstable
aragoniti(s) n adj aragonite
aradamajerebeli adj flimsy
aradasavluri adj nonwestern
aradidgvarovani n adj nonelite
aradidgvarovnuli adj non-elite(s)
araerTxel adv repeatedly
araierarqiuli adj nonhierarchical
arakeTilSobili(ix.avi) adv base,lowborn,
lowclass,ignoble,malignant,mean
aramecnieruli adj non/unscientific
aramiwiereba n unworldliness
aramiwieri adj not of this world, unworldly
aramomTabaruli adj nonnomadic(al)
aramonaTesave adj unrelated to…
aramudmivi adj ephemeral,short-lived,uneven
aramyarad adv unsubstantially
aramyari adj unstable,unsubstantial
aramwarmoebluri(dargi) adj nonprofit-
(able)
aranatifad adv carelessly
aranatifi adj careless,offhand
araorganuli adj inorganic
arasacxovrebeli adj nondomestic
arasrulad adv briefly,imperfectly,incomple-
tely,insufficiently
~Seswavlili sth imperfectly studied
arasruli adj brief,fractional,fragmentary,in-
complete,lacking/missing sty,sketchy,in-
sufficient,scanty,simple
arasruloba n incompleteness,sketchiness
arasrulfasovani adj inadequate,not of
full value
arasrulfasovnad adv inadequately
arasrulfasovneba n inadequatness
arasrulyofilad adv imperfectly,insuffici-
ently, sketchily
arasrulyofileba n disadvantage(s),im-
perfection,sketchiness of sth,shortco-
ming(s)
 სარჩევი

arasrulyofili adj imperfect,insufficient, aristokrati n aristocrat

sketchy ~STamomavlobiTi (sb of) blue/high blood
arasrulwlovaneba n infancy aristokratia(ix. samxedro) n aristocracy,
arasrulwlovani adj minor gentility,nobles
arastumarTmoyvrulad adv inhospitably ~miwaTmflobeli landed aristocracy
arastumarTmoyvruli adj inhospitable aristokratulad adv aristocratically
araswori adj adj erratic,imperfect,inadequate aristokratuli adj aristocratic,select
incorrect,wrong arkada n ambulatory, cloister
~azri/termini improper/misleading view/ armila n sing/pl Lat. armila/armilae
term armireba(ix.gamagreba) v n reinforce(ment)
~axsna/gageba v n misinterpret(ation ~ramiT reinforce sth by sth
~gageba v n imperfect understanding arnadi n fork for chaff
~wakiTxva v n misread(ing) arseba=qmnileba n being,creature
~xmareba(saxelis/sityvis) v misnomer, arsebiT(Tavisi) adv inherently
misuse arsebiTad adv in essence,virtually,intrinsical-
aratradiciulad adv uncommonly,uncon- ly,substantially
ventionally,unusually arsebiTi adj actual,essential,intrinsic,integral
aratradiciuli adj rare,uncommon,unfa- substantial
miliar,unusual,unconventional arseboba n v accommodate, existence,func-
arauadres adv no(t) earlier than… tion,presense,subsistence
araumetes adv mere, …(and) not more… ~ganagrZo live(d) on
arafriT gamorCeuli adj undistinguishable ~ganaxlda life/presence resumed
undistinguished ~dasturdeba sth provides testimony of
araqristiani n ignorant existence of sth; sth proves/proving
arayi/aryis n adj Arab. arak=arrak the existence; there is concerned the
araCveulebrivad adv incredibly,singularly existence of sth
araCveulebrivi adj exquisite,extraordinary, ~Sewyda sth ceased to exist/failed to survive
incredible,outstanding,remarkable,strik- ~xangrZlivad sth persist(s)(ed) for a long
ing,unequal,unusual,prime time
~bavSvi=ieso Special Child arsebobis bolo wlebi waning years
~ostatobiT of extraordinary workmanship ~ekon.forma mode of economis subsistence
arawvetiani adj pointless ~saSualeba resourses for subsistence
arawminda adj evil ~wesi subsistence pattern
argani n cudgel, rod arsebobisas adv during/in the timelife
argonavti n sing/pl Lat argonauta/argona- arsebobs v exists,sth is in presense/is pres-
utae ent,sth survives
are n span ~raRac droidan sth was created from…
are(ali)n area(l), field,natural habitat,sphere ~raRacis safuZvelze sth exists in the
~gavrcelebis pattern of distribution base of presense…
~Tematuri coverage of… ~sakmao sabuTi daskvnisTvis the evide-
areva v n fuse/fusion,disorder,mix(ing),inter- nce is enough to establish that…
sperse with sth,perplex(ing) arsebuli adj actual,available,common,curr-
~rameSi v confuse with sth ent,existent,existing,extant,present
are-mare n neighbourhood(s) ~adre/manamde sth ancestral to,antecedent,
arena n sing/pl Lat. arena/arenae; scaffold preexisting(existent/existence),prede-
areopagi n areopagus cessor,origin
areuli adj bedeviled, bewildering set of sth, ~odesme ever exist(ant)
inextricable,untidy ~ukve inherent
areuloba(ix.xana) n clutter,disorder,instabi- xangrZliv ~ sth long-lived/held
lity,riot,turmoil,unrest arsi=arseba n core,entity,essence,implicati-
~politikuri/samxedro unrest,upheaval on,matter,outline
ariTezisi=samkveTlo n sing/pl Gr. pos- ~ist. simarTlis kernel of historical truth
tophorium/postoporiumi ~sakiTxis gist of argument

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 სარჩევი

arsiT adv in essence arqitravi n archtrave

arsSi wvdoma v penetrate into very core of ~ori lilvakiT ~ with two fasciae
sth ~solisebri=solisebri qvebiT nagebi
artaSani n splint voussoir ~
artaxi n band(age) arqonti n Gr. archon(tos)
artileria n artillery arRavani(s)/iudas xe/xis n adj Juda‟s tree
artiSoki(s) n adj artichoke=Cynara Scolu- arRani n hurdy-gurdi
mus Lat. aryis xe/xis n adj birch –tree
arfa n harp arSia n border,fringe,hem
arqeografia n archaeography arSiamovlebuli adj bordered,fringed
arqeologia n archaeology arSiebis wyeba n series of borders
arqeologiurad adv archaeologically arCeva v choose,elect,opt,select
~dadgena identify archaeologically arCevani n choice,election,option for,selection
~dadastureba attested/establish ~ arCeviTi adj selective
~dadgena identify ~ arCevnebi n pl election
~dadgenili attested (established,located, ~parlamentSi general ~
witnessed) ~ ~Sualeduri n midterms
arqeologiuri(ix.dazverva) adj archaeolo- arCeuli adj chosen, elected,selected
gical arCivi n lot,share
~gaTxrebi ~ excavations arwivi(s) n eagle
~ ~ didi imedis momcemi rich excava- ~bude n aerie=aery
tion perspectives ~marTve n eaglet
~ ~ sistemuri systematic ~ ~mTis n golden eagle
~simdidre(ebi) ~ riches ~frTagaSlili in spread eagle position
~gaTxrebis Catareba conduct/undertake ~ arxari n moufflon sheep
~ ~ (s) warmoebisas through archaeological arxi(ix.Rari,wyalamridi) n channel
~ ~amridi n drain
~gaTxrebma gamoavlina emerged(reve- ~Tixis=keremikuli n tile-drain
aled,yielded) from ~ ~ ~sakanalizacio n sewer
~ ~ gviCvena ~ ~ demonstrated
~saniaRvre n ditch
~ ~ daadastura it has (been) appointed
~sarwyavi n arable/irrigation ditch
(fixed,established)
~sawreti draining channel
~ ~ ~ TariRi established date for…
~quCis n drain-pipe
~dakvirveba v n supervise/supervision
~wyalsawreti n catch-water drain
~kompleqsi n complex,context
~wylis n ditch, water-pipe
~monapovari/masala n evidence(s),find(s)
~ ~ xelovnuri n canal
~monacemi n evidence(s)
asazrdoebs v fuels
~arqeologiuri simdidre ~ riches
asaki(T)(s) n adv adj age
arqeometalurgi(a) n archaeometallurgy/ar-
~ daaxloebiT sb (of) about…years old
chaeometallurgist
arqetipi n archtype mag.20-25 wlis adult/sb between 20-25;
arqi... pref archi… sb in his/her 30s or 40s; sb aged betw-
een 13 and 16-17 years
arqidiakoni n Archdeacon
~zrdausruli subadult age
arqieli n Gr. Archiereus
yvela ~ every age
arqiepiskoposi n Archbishop,Primacy
asali(ix.cxenis) n horse-cloth
arqieratikoni n Gr. archieraticos
asatani adj bearable,tolerable
arqivi n pl archives
asaxavs v chronicles,depicts,mirrors,illustrates,
=Senaxva v ger archive(ing)
portrays,reflects,traces
arqivolti n archivolt ~mkafiod clearly reflected
~sami lilvakiT ~ with three fasciae ~farTod sth amply reflected
arqimandriti n Gr. Aarchimandrites ~xarisxs sty reflects thedegree/quality
arqiteqtonika n Gr. architektonike asaxva v depict,mirror,portray,reflect,reproduce

11
 სარჩევი

~nawarmoebSi/naxatze v portray cohorts of…

asaxtomad SemarTuli adj leaping audencia n audience
asaxuli adj depicted,mirrored,portrayed,ref- auzi n basin,pool,pond,notation/notationis (n
this sing/pl Lat)
~nangrevebSi illustrated in ruins ~tbis basin of lake
asdevs v run(s)(ing) up aucilebeli adj essential,needed,requisite
aseulobiT num adv hundredsof,hundreds ~gamosakvebad wherewidal to feed
upon hundreds auwonavi adj incalculable
asvla v n climb,go up,mount,ascend/ascend afTari n hyena
~taxtze v n access(ion),ascend/ascend mRvimis ~ cave ~
the throne,enthrone(ment),the reign afTiaqari/afTiaqi n apothecary, chemist
asTakvi=kiborCxala n lobster aforizmi n saw, dictum/dicta (sing/pl Lat)
asisTavi n centurion aphorismos Gr.
asket(izm)i n askesis, ascetism afra n sail
asketuri adj ascetic afriani n adj sailer
asli(s) n copy,counterpart,duplication,forge- afsida(ix.absida) n apse
imitation,replica,mirror image afsiduri adj apsidal
~zusti mirror image afski(s) n adj film
~keTeba v copy,duplicate,make a copy/rep- ~frinvelis/cxovelis fexis n pellicle
lica,counterpart,replicate afcqvna/afcqvnili v adj chip(ed)
~mkeTebeli n copy maker,forger afxeka v peel off
asli(s)(mcenare) n adj spelt, German wheat aqandazi n dustpan,scoop,shovel,batti-
aso(ix.damwerloba) n character, letter lum/battili sing/pl Lat.
~mTavruli=didi n capital/initial letter aqati(s) n adj agate
~patara n low case/small ~ aqsonometria n axonometry
aso-aso=zustad adj literatim aqsonometriuli adj axonometric projection
~Tqma sityvis v spell(ing)(of) a word aRapi n funeral/funerary banquit/feast,aga-
asokirkita n literalist pe Gr.
asomTavruli n adj majuscule ~dakrZalvamde n wake
asortimenti n assortment (of articles) aRbeWdva v engrave,impress,imprint,mirror,
farTo ~ wide range of assortment mould the fact of…
asociaciuri adj associational ~mexsierebaSi imprint sty in one‟s memory
asparezi n field,realm ~ramiT mark with sth
~samecniero in the field of science aRgva v blend,crumble,decay,wipe off,tuck
aspidi(s)=fiqali/fiqlis n adj shale away,(full)sweep
astinomi n astynom(s) ~pirisagan miwisa vanish(ed) from the
astragalosi n sing/pl Lat astragalus/ast- faceof the earth,wipe of the face of
ragali the earth
astronomiuli adj astronomical aRgvili adj decayed,vanished,wiped off
asfalti(s) n adj asphalt aRdga v emerged,regained,prospered
asxma n v rope,string, thread ~nangrevebidan sth rose from ruins and
asxmula n rope/strand of (eg beads) ashes
atana v bear,endure, (with)stand sb/sth aRdgena v innovate,prosper again,reconstract,
~zeviT v take sth up(stairs) reestablish,regenerate,restore,
atarebs v wears, wearing rehabilitate
~viTarebis redress situation
atimia n Gr. Atimia
~imisa,risi ~ SeiZleba v retrieve
atkecva dartymiTi percussion flaking
~imisgan,rac darCa v n reconstitute(ion)
~dawneviT pressure flaking
~masalis v n restore/restoration,retrive/
~Camonatexidan n v flake
retrieval
atriumi n atrium
~mexsierebaSi v furbish
auarebeli adj abundant,a lot of,lots of,nu-
~momxdaris/suraTis v build up,restore
merous,overwhelming,countless,pile of,

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 სარჩევი

~qvaSi v retain in stone conventional(ly)

aRdgenili asj furbished,reestablished,rege- aRiniSna(ramiT) v sty is/was marked/noted
nerated,restored,rehabilitated,retrieved (by sb)
aRdgineba v n back from death,repair,rise ag- ~dResaswauli/TariRi sth celebrated
ain from the death,restore alive,resurrect by sb
(ion),resurgence of sth aRkazmuli(ix.akazmuloba,sartylis) adj
aRdgoma n adj resurgence,resurgent,revive vestured
aRdgoma(ix.saaRdgomo) n Easter aRkveTa v cut short,repel,suppress
~ebraelTa n Passover aRkveca(berad/monazvnad)(ix.Sedgoma) v
~mkvdreTiT v n resurgence,resurgent become a monk/nun,make a retreat,ta-
aRdgomidan amaRlebamde adv Easter-tide ke monastic vows/the veil
time aRkvecili(kaci/qali) n votary/votaress
aRdgomis kvira n Easter week aRlumi(ix.saaRlumo) n v parade
~meore dRe n Easter Monday aRmavali adj ascending, rising
aReb-micemoba n v commerce,give-and-take aRmavloba(ix.xana) n height, rise
aReba(ix.mosavlis) v ger derive, take(ing) aRmarTva v elevate,erect,mount,raise,rise
~qalaqis/cixis v dismantle, take, pick up ~borcvisa samarxze heap the mound
aRviris amodeba v n coercion ~miwis zedapiridan rising above…
aRzeveba(ix.xana) v n ascent,ascension,peak ~rameze perch on (top of sth)
(ing),rise of sb/sth,have one‟s heyday ~saZirkvelze erect on foundation(s) of sth
aRzrda v bring up,raise,rear,train,raise,nur- ~Zvel ~ ~ upon existing foundation
ture,foster,upbring(ing) ~taZris/Zeglis v erect,rear
~ganaTleba v n educate/education aRmarTi n climb,rise
aRzrdilni n sing/pl alumnae/alumnus Lat. aRmasvla v rise
aRzrdiloba n Lat. decorum/decora ~da daRmasvla rise and fall
aRTqma v behest,covenant, pledge,vow ~swrafi v upsurge
axali ~ the New Testament(Book/Law) aRmatebuleba vinme (his,her,your) highness
ucolobis/qalwulobis ~ celibacy/cha- aRmatebuli adj overarching,superlative,
stity,take a vow not to marry surpassed
Zveli ~ the Old Testament(Book/Law) aRmdgari(ix.mkvdreTiT) adj renewed,rebu-
aRTqmis dadeba=Tqma v vow ilt
Zveli ~ wignebi n pl Scrolls aRmzrdeli(ix.moZRvari) n counselor,tutor
aRTqmuli adj promised, votive aRmniSvneli adj emblematic,marking
~miwa Promised Land; Land of Covenant aRmomCeni n discoverer
aRiareba v n accept(ance/ing),acknowledge pirvel ~ the first ~
(ment),admit,appreciate(ion),approve aRmonaceni n pl shoots
(ance),confess(ion),proclaim,recogni- aRmosavleTi n the east,the Orient, Levant
ze/recognition axlo ~ n Near(Mid/ East) Asia
~vinmes avtoritetis conform to sb ukiduresi ~ easternmost, most easterly
~damoukideblobis/mefed hail sb/sth Soreuli ~ n Far East
~vinmes Zalauflebis assert sb‟s power Sua ~(arabeTi) n Middle East
~kultis practice cult of sb/sth aRmosavleTiT adv eastwards=eastings,in
~faqtis v n acknowledge(ment) the east
aRiarebis done n degree of acceptance aRmosavleTmcodne n Orientalist
aRiarebuli(a) adj accept,acknowledged,ap- aRmosavleTmcodneoba n Oriental Studies
proved, is/was belived/conventional, aRmosavlelebi n pl easterners, the Orien-
proclaimed,recognized,timehonoured tals
honoured aRmosavluri adj eastern,Oriental,Levantine
~sayovelTaod/Cveulebriv adj genera- ~gavleniT Orientallize(ing)
lly accepted ~gavlenis mqone(ni) Orientalia
~ adamiani/faqti timehonoured,acknow- aRmosavluroba n Orientalization
ledged aRmouCeneli adj undiscovered
~wesebis sapirispiro(d) adj adv un-

13
 სარჩევი
aRmoCena v n bring to light,discover(y),detect
(ion),find,manifest,recover,turn up,unc-
over,unearth
~asabuTebs discovery provides (a) test-
imony of existence of sth
~dakvirvebis Sedegad v n observe
(ation)
=saidumlos gaxsna v n manifest(ation),
reveal/revelation
~SemTxveviTi accidental/chance disco-
very/find(s)
aRmoCenebi n pl evidence(s), find(s)
calkeuli ~ individual ~
aRmoCenebiT adv through finds…
aRmoCenili(a) adj (is) brought to light,disco-
vered,found,revealed,unearthed,
uncovered
~sadme sth comes from N site/place
aRmoCnda v appeared,came from/to light,em-
erged,is proven to be…turned out
~amao sth proved futile
aRmoCenis adgili n find spot,location,pro-
venance
~momentSi at the time of discovery
~pirobebi the find circumstances of sth
aRmoceneba v advent,emerge,come to being,
get sth start,grow up,rise of sth
~ mcenaris/ramis v spring up
aRmsarebeli=aRsarebis mTqmeli n con-
fesant
~romelime religiis n believer
aRmsarebloba n acceptance,adoption(of
certain religion)
aRmsareblobis Tavisufleba n religious
freedom
aRmweri n interpreter
aRnagoba n fabric, structure
aRniSvna v mark,mention,note,point out,refer
to,state
~glovis v observe
~dResaswaulis v n celebrate sth,decora-
tion of sth
religiuri ~ ~ v observe
~wlisTavis v honour/mark an annivers-
ary
aRniSvnis Rirsi(a) adj notable,noteworthy,
remarkable,sth worth of mention(ing)/
noting,sth deserves special mention,
sth especially noteworthy
aRniSnuli adj marked,mentioned,noted,po-
inted out
winaswar ~ previously noted
aRnusxva n v ger census,fix(ing),inventory,
14
recording/registering,registration
aRorZineba n v generate/generation,prosp-
er,regain,reconstruct(ion),revive/revi-
val,Renaisance,resurrect(ion),resur-
gence of sth
aRorZinebis gza n revitalizing routs
aRorZinebuli adj generated,prosperous,re-
gained,reconstructed,revived
aRreva v ger n confound(ing),confuse(ion),
mingle(ing) sth
aRricxva v ger fix/record(ing),register/regi-
stration
aRsavali=aRsavlis kari n Holy Doors,
Royal Gates
aRsazrdeli(ix,aRzrdilni) n sing/pl Lat
alumnus/alumni
aRsaniSnavi adj notable,noteworthy,outstand-
ing,remarkable,spectacular,significant,sth
worth mentioning
aRsaniSnavia v sth noteworthy/significant,
sth worth mentioning
aRsareba v n adj confess(ion)
mTqmeli ~ n cofessant
oTaxi ~ n confessional
aRsaydreba v n elevate/elevation,enthrone
(ment)
aRsruleba v n accomplish(ment),execute,
execution,fulfil(ment),implement(ation)
resolve/resolution,administer
~ceremonialis perform a ceremony
aRtaceba n v admire/admiration,awe,delight,
enthusiasm
aRfrTovaneba n v (be) enrapture(d) by sth
aRfrTovanebuli adj enraptured
aRqma v conceive,perceive/perception
aRqmuli adj perceived
aRwevs v extends,lasts
2
zoma sth amounts to eg 3-5 m
~piks v peak(ing)
~rasme v reach(es)
aRwera v n account,catalogue,chronicle,depi-
ct(ion),describe/description,document,
(ation),portray,record
~masalis v n record(ing),describe/descrip-
tion
~mosaxleobis n census
~mxatvruli artistic description
~cxovrebis n biography,life story
aRwerili adj catalogued,chronicled,discrib-
ed,documented,pertrayed,recorded
aRweriloba n description,record
aRwerilobiTi adj descriptive
aRweris furceli n recording sheet
 სარჩევი

aRWurva v equip,fit(furnish,provide,refit,sup- acxadebs v argues, claims

ply) with sth aZvelebs v antedates, makes sth older
~axleburad v refit aZlierebs v heightens,strengthens…
~mowyobilobiT equip with installation aZnelebs v makes sth difficult
~ndobiT commission(ed) sb by sb aw... adv now,from now on
~uflebiT appoint,empower(give/invest) ~ gardacvlili adj the late
sb with authority ~ da maradis adv now and forever
aRWurvili adj equipped,furnished,provided awarmoebs v sb makes(manifactures,produ-
with sty,well found,empovered(in- ces,has in production)
vested,given) authority aweva v n ger elevate(ion),lift(ing),raise
~materialurad materially equipped aweria v sth is inscribed/bears an inscription
aRWurviloba n ammunition,armour,equip- awesebs v awards,impose,ordain
ment,furnishing,implementation,faciliti- aweuli adj elevated,lifted,upward directed,
es,gear,paraphernalia(pl),set of armour raised
~materialuri material equipments awon-dawonva v consider,deliberate
~saomari a set of accoutrements awyoba v ger construct,compose,fit(ing),install,
ayvaveba v n ger advance,flourish(ing),flower make up,mend(ing)
(ing),prosper(ity),revive/revival ~teqstis v compose,set up
ayvavebuli adj flourishing,prospering,prospe- awyobili adj composed,constructed,hung on
rous,thriving,blossoming installed,made up,mended,set up,
ayvana v pick aWreleba v spot with
~taxtze v n elevate/elevation,enthrone aWarbebs v preponderates,prevales
(ment) ~didad far exceeds
~Segirdad v ger apprentice,apprenticing axal... pref new(ly)
ayra v throw up axalgazrda adj adolescent, young
~iatakis/fenis v n remove/removal ~vaJi n fellow, youth
~xalxis v n (e)migrate(ion),resettle(ment) ~qali n girl, young lady
aSeneba v ger build(construct,erect)(ing) axalgazrdoba n adolescency
~nangrevebze build upon ruins axalgazrduli adj adolescent
~Zvel saZirkvelze build on top of earlier axaldaqorwinebuli=axalyoilni adj
foundation/structure newly-wed, just married
~xelaxla build anew, rebuild axali adj fresh,latter-day,modern,novel,rec-
aSia=arSia(ix.SeniSvna) n border,hem ent,up-to-date,innovative
~wignSi n margin =bolo adj (most)recent
aSliloba n (civil) unrest ~gamocema n new edition,recent publication
aSurma=yawimi n baldric, cross belt ~kvleva n recent study
aSuRi n minstrel poet sul ~ adj brand new
aCvenebs v displays, shows =ucnobi adj novel
aCqareba v quicken axalmoduri adj sty of new fashion
aCqarebuli adj quickened, rapid axalmosuli n newcomer,recent arrivals
aCrdili n shadow axalmSenebloba(ni) n (new)building activity/
acdena v miss activities,building campaign
aciveba(swrafi) cold snap axaluxi n shirt
acileba v avoid,challenge,eliminate,neglect, axalSeni n colony
preclude,prevent,ward off axalSobili n neonate
Tavidan v avoid,escape,honder,ignore,ob- axalwlisa(ix.enkenisTve,seqtemberi,sTu-
viate,preclude,prevent,shield,ward off lisa) n September
mizanze ~ n miss the target axalwlisani(ix.agvisto,mariamobisa,qvel
acla v peel off Tobisa) n August
acma(ix.asxma) v n rope,string,thread axasiaTebs v characterizes
acqvetili adj erect(ed)(ing),jutting axdena v n embody(ment),fulfil(ment)
~yurebi prick-ears axla adv currently,in a moment,in modern

15
 სარჩევი

times,now(adays)at the present times, ~Sekaveba v coercion

newly,recently,at the time being ~CaxSoba v n suppress(ion)
axlad adv newly ajanyebuli n adj v insurgent, rebel
~aRmoCenili ~ discovered ajoba(ix.jobnis) v superior to sb/sth,emula-
~gaCenili adj emergent,emerging te,get upper hand,overcome,preponde-
~moqceva v n convert,proselytize(ation) rate
~moqceuli n novice,(newly)converted, b
ptoselytising
babilo(ix. maRlari) n arbor
~Seqmnili/Camoyalibebuli adj newly
babTa n band, bow,stole,ribbon
formed,emergent
axlavs v accompanies,conducts,sth is back babuawvera(si) n adj dandelion,taraxacum
ed up with sth baga n crib,manger,trough
~raime sabuTi v n encloses,enclosure bage=tuCi/bagis n lip
axlandeli adj current,modern,nowadays, ~safari n ~ cover
present,recent bageti n corner-and-base moulding
axleburad adv anew, in a new manner bagini n altar,temple,sanctuary
axleburi adj current,innovative,novel baginTmZarcveli n sanctuary robber
axlo adv close(by),near(by),hereabout(s), bagiri(s) n adj tow-rope
next to baguri adj stalled
~analogi close analogy of sth badagi(s) n adj must
~dasaruli near end badaxSi(s)=lali(s) n adj ruby
~erTmaneTTan in lockstep with sb bade/badis n adj net
~TanamSromloba ~ collaboration ~TevzsaWeri n siene
~kavSiri ~ links/have strong links,lease= ~ ~ tvirTebi n pl usu. weights
liase ~kvadratebis n grid
~msgavseba ~ comparison with sth,close si- ~sakidebi n pl stone weights
milarity ~ ~ tyviis n pl leads,net sinkers
~paraleli close parallel ~saqsovi n warp
~urTierToba ~ association with ~saqsov dazgaze gadaWimuli weighted
axlo-maxlo adv in the vicinity of… warp
axlobeli adj akin to sb, familiar ~ujredi n mesh
axlos(aa) adv close by,closely,near,in two =cxrili n networks
stone shots from some place badisebri adj netted
=gavs(dgas/kavSirSia) resembles, is clos- badro(s) n sing/pl Lat. discus/disci
ely associated with sth mtyorcneli n discus thrower
~stiliT sth is close in style to sth badura adj latticework,meshy,network
~Zalian adv (in)close proximity,at doorstep bavSvi n child,immature
axo(ix.saaxoe) n the clear land,slash-burn =Cvili n infant
clearing =ZuZuTa n suckling
axsna v n clarify/clarification,clue,explain/ex- = 4 wlamde n juvenile
planation,interpret(ation),illuminate(ion), bavSvis gaCena v give birth
elucidate bavSvobis wlebi n pl (in) formative years
~arasworad v n misinterpret(ation) baza n base(line)
~axleburad v n re-interpret(ation) bazari/bazris n bazaar,fair,market
axsovs v remembers,retains ~rigi n booth
axsenebs v reminds ~samomxmareblo consumer ~
~vinme vinmes/rames v mentions ~Canasaxovani burgeoning ~ ~
ajagruli adj bristled up bazilevsi=basilevsi n sing/pl Lat. basi-
ajamebs v summarise(s),sum(s) up leius/basilei
ajanyeba v n revolt against,rebel(lion),muti- bazilika n sing/pl Lat basilica/basilicae
ny,insurrection ~erTnaviani single-nave chapel
ajanyebis mowyoba v be in revolt, rise in reb- ~orabsidiani two-apse ~
ellion against

16
 სარჩევი

~or/sameklesiani two/three church ~ = xma maRali bass

~wyvilabsidiani twin-apse ~ = ~ dabali baritone
bazilikuri adj basilican baJi(s) n adj dues,tax(a)
bazisi n sing/pl Lat basis/basisi,base(line) ~akrefa/daweseba v n tax(ation)
bazo n edge ~gadaxda v n pay(ment)
~detalze edge trenching ~ ~ naxiriT animal taxa
bazroba n fair, flea market baraTi(ix.werili) n letter
bazrobis dRe(8 dRian kviraSi) n sing/pl barambo(si) n adj borage=Borango officinal-
Lat. nundium/nundini lis Lat.
baTqaSi(s) n adj v ger mortar grout,plas- baraqiani adj abundant
ter(ing),staff barbarosi n barbarian
~TabaSiris plastering gypsum barbarosuli adj barbaric,barbarous,but-
~Tixis=alizis grout chery
~wyalgaumtari hydraulic grout barbotini n barbotine, ivy leaves
~xvinWanarevi pebble-dash barda/bardis n adj pie=Pisum Sativum Lat.
=xsnari staff bareliefi n bas-relief
baTqaSis pirveli/uxeSi fena rough coat bari=niCabi n spade
of plaster,pebble-dash =dablobi n dale,lowlands
baia(mcenare) n cowslips=Primula veris,mar- barispiri n blade
sh-marigold=Calta palustris =siRrme spade‟s depth
~mindvris n adj buttercup=Ranunculus bartyi n birdy
acris (Lat) barZayi(s)(ix.Zvali) n adj thigh
bakani n wash-basin barZayisa adj femoral
~kusi n adj tortoise-shell ~da menjis SeerTebis adgili n hip
baki n pen barji n fish spear, harpoon
~wylis n cistern,tank basri n keen, sharp, subtle
balani/balnis(ix.ZaZa) n adj hair bastioni n bastion,rampart
balaxeuloba n herbage,herbs batkani=kravi n lamb
balaxi(s) n adj grass ~saRvTo n sacral ~
~safari n herbage bati n goose
~Rero n blade frTa n goose-quill
balaxoba v graze batisti(s)(fr) n adj cambric, lawn
baldaqini n canopy; sing/pl Lat. ciborum/ batiyela n goose-neck; ogee; sing/pl
ciboria Lat. cuma/cumae
balzami(s) n adj balsam ~rvianis formis cuma reversa=ogee
balTa/balTis n adj buckle,buckle-loop,be- moulding
lt-clasp ~swori sinuous profile=cuma recta curve
~ena n tongue batonkacoba v n dominate/domination
~kauWi n chape =xalxi n pl usu. nobles
~rkali n loop baton-patroni n sb a complete master of
~fexsacmlis n shoe-buckle sb/sth
~qamris n belt-fastening batoni n lord, master,overlord
bali/blis n adj cherry ~cxovelTa ruler of beasts
balianoba(miwisZvris) n force,point batoniSvili(ix.ufliswuli vaJi/qali) n
baliSi n cushion,pillow infant(a),prince(ss)
~micvalebulis n head-stone batonoba v n dominate(ion), exercise domi-
~cxovelis TaTis n pad nance,primacy,reignhold command over…
balustra(da) n baluster,balustrade ~diplomatiaSi exercise in diplomacy
bambuki(s) n adj cane ~dampyroblis n supremacy
banaki n camp,stopping place ~vinmesi n (over)lordship of sb
~gaSla v set up a campA ~ucxo foreign domination/rule
bani(ani)(ix.saxuravi) n adj flat-roof(ed) batonobis gaZliereba v exert hegemony

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 სარჩევი

over sb ~mefsalmune n psalm reader, olonn

~qveS adv fall under domination/rule ~meWurWle n sacrist,treasurer
batonymoba n serfdom ~momxre(kaci/qali) n votary/votaress
gauqmeba v abolish ~ =moxuci n old
baqanze adv onto terrace(s)/platform(s) ~mwiri(kaci/qali) n monk/nun
baqanTa rigi n benches,series of level plat- beris gakreWa v unfrock
forms/terraces berketi n v level
baqani n dais,footing,lending,platform,sub- beroba(ix.aRkveca) n monastism
structure,terrace,tiere berobaze uaris Tqma v n renunciate(ion)
baqiaoba v brag about berZenTmoyvare=filenisti n adj
baqnebad danawevreba v make series of level philhellene
platforms,spill off into terraces,terrace berZnul(i) adj pref Graeco=Greco
~danawevrebuli leveled platforms,terraced berwi adj barren
baqnebiani adj steppd, tiered betoni(s) n v adj concrete
baqnebis rigi series of terraces ~Casasxmeli CarCo ficris n shattering
baqnis sayrdeni kedeli terrace wall beReli(ix.qveyana) n barn-shed,corn barn,
baqteriuli adj bacterial garner,granary
baRi n garden =xaro casemate
~ xilis n orchard bewveuli n peltry ware
baRCa n dooryard bewvi(s)(ix,balani,tyavi) n adj hair
baZgi(s)(mcenare) n adj holly,Ilex gen. Lat ~mosasxami n stole
bawari/bawris n adj rope,stringe,tench ~cxovelis n adj fur
~grexa n v twine ~cveTa v shed
be=windi n gage beWdva v ger (re)print(ing),type(ing)
begqondara(si) n adj thyme, Satureia hor- ~stamburi v ger print(ing)
tensis=Thumus Lat. ~fotosi v ger produce(ing)
bebia n grand-mother beWedi(ix.damRa) n (finger)ring,ringlet,cachet
bebiaqali n midwife (Fr)
begara n assessment ~brtyeli n hoop
~fuladi quit rent ~Tvliani finger-ring set with an inset
~SromiTi ervice rent, covree (Fr) ~sabeWdavi n seal/signet ring
begiauri(s) n adj cleaver=Galium aparine ~samefo/saxelmwifo n Great(Privi,State)
begqondara(si) n adj thyme=Thumus=Satu- Seal
reia hortensis (Lat) ~Sekiduli hanging/tied up finger-ring
bedi(ix.danaTvla) n destiny,fate,fortune beWdis axsna(ix.ganamtkica) v unseal
~gaiziara suffer the same fate ~adgili locus sigili Lat.
bediswera n destiny,doom,fate, Providence ~dasma v affix a seal,authrnticate,(put a)
beladi n leader stamp
~gvaris clan ~ ~Tvalbude n mount for an inset,setting
~tomis chieftain, tribal chief ~Tvali n gemstone,inset,insertion
beladoba n chiefdom ~Tvlis CarCo n (in)band
belvederi n pinnacle ~ ~ Casma v insert, mount in
beli n cub,whelp ~mcveli=mordari n keeper of the State
belti(s)=kordi(s) n adj turf Seal,refendary
belRari=akveduki n Lat. aquaduct(us) ~rkali n ring
bema n bema ~faraki(termini momawoda d. kaWaravam
beJva v crumple 1982 w.) n bezel
beri n mendicant,monk beWduri wera v ger write(ing) in block
~gadamdgari renounced monk capitals
~dayudebuli n anchorite,hermit,recluse bejiTad adv diligently,hard,painstakingly,ste-
~meklituri n sacrist adily
~mesawole n chamberlain ~damuSavebuli sty treated elaborately

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 სარჩევი

bejiTi adj hard-working,painstaking,stu- biskviti n biscuit

dious bisoni(s) n adj byssus
bza/bzis n adj box, willow bitumi(s) n adj bitumen
bzari n cleft,crack,fissure biurokratia n bureaucracy
~Tixaze n crack, flaw biusti n bust
~kedelze n chink =mkerdi n bossom
~liTonze n chap, flaw biZgi(s) n v impuls,impetus behihind sth,
~minaze n crack spark,spur to sth,stimulus,trigger
~qvaze n flaw ~mimcemi provoking(stimulating/tregger-
bze/bzis n adj chaff,shale,straw ing) factor
bzoba n Palm Sunday ~ramac azri dabada v n induce(ment)
bzobis kvira n Palm week ~ramis spur on by sth
bzinva(re) adj v gleaming,glossy, sheen biwiereba n profanity
~tyviisebri galena bijgi n prop,strut
~foladis n gloss, metal-burnish(ing) biji n spacing,pitch
bzinvareba n sheen = nabiji n step
~tyviisebri galena blagvi adj blunt,pointless
bibilo n lobe blanti adj boggy, sticky
~mamlis n crest bliskini n moat
biblia n (the) Bible/Scriptures bloki(qvis/xis) n block
bibliis mcodne n sb versed on the Bible/ blokireba v block,seal off
Scriptures blomad adv plentiful(ly)
~nawili,romelic xmamaRla ikiTxeba blumingi v ger bloom(ing)
wirvisas n lesson bma nagebobis nawilebis v n reinforce
~simfonia n reference (of) the Bible (ment)
~wignebi Zv.aRTqmis Books of the Old bneli adj dark,murky,obscure,shadowy
Covenant, Scroll(s) ~saqmeni hole and corner
~ ~ axali aRTqmis Books of the New bneliT mosili in/is mystery, mysterious,
Covenant shrouded
bibliografia n bibliograohy, literature bogiri n bridge
~yovlismomcveli exhaustive ~ ~Celtis road of brushwood
bigi(s) n adj tent-pole,timber bokveri n cub, whelp
bivrili=bivriti=berili(s)(ix.akvamarini) boli/bolva n v smoke
n adj beryl bolo adj the end(ing)/last,final
bikonusuri adj bicone/biconical ~gaxsnili loose end
biliki n alley(lane,path,track)way,chare,foot ~dartyma final blow
path ~safexuri/faza closing stage,final phase
~mTis n bargh,a path sloped up/down hill ~saxe final form
~sacalfexo n foottrack sul ~ hindermost
~Zelis/Zeluri n log-paved path =ukana tail end
~xeobaSi n defile =ukanaskneli the last, ultimate impuls
bilwi adj vicious ~wertili tail end
bimetali(s)/bimetaluri n adj bimetal(lic) wvetiani ~ cusp
bina n accommodation,apartment,flat,home, ~wlebi final years
housing,residence,settling,settlement boloze wamosacmeli terminal mounting
binadari n inhabitant,resident,settler bolSi gamoyvana v ger smoke(ing)
binadroba n v home,house,reside bomoni n altar, temple
binadruli(ix.cxovreba) adj settled =cecxlis taZari fire altar
binebad danawevreba v compartmentalize borani n ferry(boat)
bipiramiduli adj bipyramidal boranjo(si)=kitrisuna(si)=saro(si) n
birTvi n ball,bulk,core;nucleus/nuclei Lat adj borange=Borango gen. Lat.
~sabrZolo fighting weight borbali=Tvali(ix.urmis,RvTis) n wheel

19
 სარჩევი

~kbilebiani toothed ~ ; cone-peg brinjaoTi dafarva/dafaruli v adj

borbliani adj wheeled bronze(d)
~transporti n vehicle brinjaos kultura Bronze culture
bordiuri n Fr. bordure,kerb ~mdnobeli/Camomsxmeli bronze caster/
borkilebi n pl bonds worker
borkili n fetter, gives,shackle ~naleqi n patina
boroti adj cruel,evil,malignant, wicked ~nivTebi bronzes,bronzework
~vinme n serpent ~sartyeli n bronze belt-plate
~suli n malignant d(a)emon(s),incubus/ ~swavlebani Bronze Studies
incubu sing/pl Lat. ~fulamdeli funqcia pre-monetary func-
~ ~ mouvlino inflict evil on sb tion of ~
borcvi(ix.samarxis)n hill(lock),knap,knill,rise brinjaosgan/brinjaosi adj (in) bronze
~bunebrivi natural eminence brma adj blind
~vulkanis lavis shield volcano brmad mibaZva copy slavishly
~xelovnuri artificial hill broli(s)(ix.mTis) n adj cut glass
~xeluxlebel in the native state brtyel-amoburculi adj planoconvex
borcvqveS(a) adv adj beneath the mound brtyelTava adj flat headed/topped
boseli n animal/cow shed,barn,byre,cattle- brtyeli adj even,flat,level,plain, platy
house brtyelmkerdiani adj flat-chested
bostani n kitchen garden brtylad dawyobili laid flat
boyvi n bast,basket,punnet brunva(ix.fuli) v n adj circle over,circu-
boZali n prick circulate(ion),revolve around,turn(ing)
boZeba v award, confer, grant ~detalis v pivot
~saxelosi v belt ~RerZze v n rotate/rotation
~titulis v dub bruni(ix.naxevar) n ger turn(ing)
~wodebis v estate investiture brZaneba v n command,order; sing/pl Lat.
boZi n block,chock,pole,pillar,post,shaft,stan- edictum/edicti
chion brZanebiT/brZanebulebiT adv under the or-
deda/Sua ~ king post ders,by sb‟s orders
~Tavisuflad mdgomi detached point brZanebis gacema v order,(relay) command
karvis sayrdeni ~ n tent-pole brZanebuleba(eklesiis/mefis) n v creed,
boZkinti n stake decree
boWko(vani) n adj fibre,fibrous,filament brZeni n adj wise
~xis n grain brZenkaci n ancient, wise man
bJutva v adj smoulder(ing)=smolder(ing) brZmedi n blast,forge,furnace
brali n fault brZnuli adj quaint, wise
braldeba v n accuse/accusation, claim up- ~gamonaTqvami n adage
on brZola n v battle,clash,combat,fight(s),fight
braqikrani n brachycranium (a battle),struggle,warfare
braqikranuli adj brachycranial ~aragadamwyveti indecisive war
brawixe/xis (mc) n adj Spiraea Lat. ~gadarCenisaTvis battle(fight/struggle)for
brbo n crowd, flock, mob, throng survival
brilianti(s) n adj diamond generaluri ~ decisive battle
briyvi adj ignorant ~vinmes/ramis winaaRmdeg battle(ing) sb,
brinjao(ix.naleqi) n bronze Campaign against sb/sth
mTavari ~ battle royal
~anTimoniani antimony ~
=omi warfare
~dariSxaniani arsenic/arsenious ~
~omSi(ix.omi) serve in the war
~kalamcire little tinned
~patiosani straight fight
~kalauxvi high tinned ~
=Cxubi n v fight
~kaliani tinned/stannous ~
~cxare tough battle
~klasikuri classical ~
~xelCarTuli hand to hand fight
~sarkisebri plate-glass ~

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 სარჩევი

brZolaSi adv in combat/fight ~vinmesi/ramisa nature of sb/sth

~gamowveva v defy zerele ~ cursory nature
~dacema vinmesi fall on battlefield ~iZleva v nature provides
~ ~ qalaqis/qveynis the fall ~rTuli intricate nature
brZolebs Soris Sesveneba n truce ~usiamo/civi bleak landscape
brZolis veli n battle-field,plain ~Sesaferisi ramisTvis n hospitable lands
~iaraRi n weapon =xasiaTi n nature
~velze dacema fall on battlefield the fall ~xeluxlebeli in the native satate
~ ~ marodieri(Fr) n v salvage bunebaSi=Tavisuflad adv on the loose
~miReba v accept a battle bunebiT... adv by nature of sb/sth
~mogeba v gain a battle bunebis... …of nature…
~Sewyveta armistice ~Zalebi n pl elements
brwyinva v sheen, sparkle, star bunebrivad adv by birth,naturally
brwyinvale adj brightest,brilliant,celebrated, bunebrivi adj artless,born,by birth,inborn,
gorgeous,luminous,marvelous,splended indigeneous,innate,native,natural,plain
~ostatoba superb workmanship ~gadarCeva v survive
~Svideuli Easter Week ~dacva natural defence
brwyinvaleba n brilliance,luster,resplenden- =Tandayolili indigeneous
ce,splendour =TviTnabadi organic
vinme sb‟s excellence/lordship ~movlenebi natural elements
brwyinvaled adv splendidly,superbly ~niWi native wit
brWyalebi(teqstSi) n pl quotes=quotation ~pirobebi natural condition(s)
marks ~pirobebis zegavlena exposure
brWyali n claw ~resursebi natural resource(s)
brWyviala adj sparkling ~Semcveloba (high/low)natural consent-
bude(ix.tyavis) n casing,housing,mortise, ration of sth in sth
nest,pod,rebate,sheath,slo =xeluxlebeli sth in the native state
~detalis Casasmelad n slot buni(ki) n bush,plug,shoe,stock
~revolveris n holster bunis qva n support
~Sverilis/wkiris n mortise bunioba n Midsummer‟s day, solstice
budeSi Casma v accomodate burbuSela(xis) n pl shavings
~Casmuli adj accommodated,embedded/ burTisebri adj ball-shaped
imbedded,inserted,secured,set in burTula n ball
buera(si)(mcenare) n adj butterbur=Patasit- burusi(ani) n adj mist(y)
es gen. Lat. burusiT mosili adj clouded by, obscure
buzmenti n stripe burRva v ger bore(ing),drill(ing),pierce(ing)
buki n trumpet burRi n auger, burin, drill
bula n bulla,docket ~patara microburin
bule n bula; sing/pl Lat. bule/bulae burcobi n swelling
bumberazi n adj giant, great, huge burji(ix.sivrce) n buttress,pile,pier,strong-
bumbuli(s) n adj feather hold
~nawarmi n featherwork ~kedlis wall-supporting post
bunagi n den,kennel, lair ~Senobis support-bearing post
bundovaneba n distraction, grey area,obcurity ~xidis (bridge) pier
bundovani adj ambiguous,faint,indefinite,mat, buteroli Fr. n bouterolle
obscure,sketchy,unclear,unrestrived,al- butko n pistil, stamen
usive,blurred,fugitive,shadowy,vague buRa n bull
bundovnad adv ambiguously,plainly,scarcely cxviris rgoli n nose-ring
vaguely ~wylis n bittern=Botaurus stellaris Lat.
buneba n landscape,nature,scenery
buSti liTonSi/minaSi n bubble, blister
~guluxvi adj n benevolent/benevolence
buCqi(ix.xe) n bush,shrub
~dazianebuli broken nature
buCqnari n bushes, brushwood

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 სარჩევი
~tyeSi n coppice,young forest,bushy
buxari n fire(place)
buxris gverdiTi kedlebi n pl jambs
~Taro hob
~nivTebi n pl fire-irons
~Sida Taro n hob
bWe n door, gate(way)
bjenebiani TaRi/kamara corbelled arch
bjeni(s)(ix.sabjeni) n adj console,cor-
bel,pier
~TaRi/kamara corbel arch
bjeniani adj corbelled/corbelling
g ~vinmesi raime mizniT v rout
gaadamianeba v n become human,humanify
humanification,humanize
gaadamianebuli adj humanized
gaafTrebuli adj tough
gaaRmosavlureba v n ger Orientalize(ion)
(ing)
gaaRmosavlurebuli adj Orientalized
gabatoneba v n (pre)dominate(ion),exercise
dominance
gabatonebuli adj (pre)dominant,
~mdebareoba commanding position/view
~rameze hold command over sth
~srulad(yvelgan,Zalze) overvelmingly
dominant
gabawvra/gabawruli v string along
gabedva v dare,endeavour,make an effort,ven-
ture(s)
gabedulad adv boldly,courageously,vigor
(ous)ly
gabeduleba n bravery,endeavor,prowess,vi-
gour
gabeduli adj bold,brave,daring,intrepid,pro-
ud head,facy,venture,vigor(ous)
gaberva v ger blow(ing)
~ambis v belly sth
gaberili(ix.naberi) adj blown, swollen
gaberZnuleba v n Hellenize(ation)
gaberZnulebuli adj Hellenized
gabzarva/bzari v n crack
gabzaruli adj cracked,flawy, spung
gabneva v n disseminate(ion),dispersal of
sth,disperse among,disseminatein num-
ber of sth,scatter about/over,strew across
TviT ~ selfdisperse/dispersal
gabneulad adv sparsely,strewn across sth
gabneuli adj dispersed,disseminated,scat-
tered,setter about/over,strewn
~mSenebloba rambling building
gabrtyeleba v ger flatten(ing)
22
gabrtyelebuli adj flattened
gabrZoleba v make an attempt to hold/
keep
gabrwyineba v star
gabundovaneba n v blur
gaburRva v ger drill(bore,pierce)(ing)
gaburRuli adj pierced
gagdeba v n bunish from some place,ex-
pel,expulsion,get sb out,remove
gageba v n perceive/perception
~Canafiqris v apprehend
gagzavna v n dispatch, send, transmit/
transmission
~fostiT v (e-)mail, post
gagrZeleba v n continue/continuity,continu-
ation,extend,go(hold/keep)on,pursue,last
ar/ver~ v n discontinue,discontinuous
(ness)
~ufro didxans v out last
~Zveli Cvevis carry over sth
gagrZelebuli adj continued, continuing
gadaadgileba v n dislocate(ion),displace
(ment),move to,replace(ment),shift of sth,
travel,transmit/transmission,transfer(ing),
traction,portability,mobility
axali ~ a new shift of sth(eg evidence)
mosaxleobis ~ population shift
kulturis/formis v n transmit/transmis-
sion
~teqtonuri filebis n upheaval
gadaadgilebuli adj dislocated,displaced,
replaced,shifted,transmitted,offset
gadabargeba n adj logistics, logistical
gadabeWdva v ger ropy(ing),re(type)(ing)
gadabma v n ger bind(bond,bridge,link,join,
tie)(ing),linkage
uwyveti ~ v ger dovetail(ing)
gadabmis ganiva tie-rod beam
~detali n binding piece
~RerZi liTonis tie-rod
gadabmuli adj bound,bridge(join,link)(ed)
gadabruneba v invert,turn over/upside down
gadabrunebuli adj inverted, turned over/
upside down
gadabugva v burn down
gadabuguli adj burnt down
gadagdeba v throw away
gadagdebuli adj thrown away
gadagvareba v n degenerate/degeneration,
degrade/degradation
gadagvarebuli adj degenerate/degrade(d)
 სარჩევი

gadagrexa v ger bend/twist(ing) gadakecili adj bent over,turned up/down

gadagrexili(ix.adgili) adj bent gadakveTa v cross,cut, traverse the area
~erTmaneTze adj twisted ~ori ramis v n intersect(ion)
gadadgma v n move/put aside ~urTierT v cross/intersect each other/
~nabijis v take step one another
~xelaxla v n rearrange(ment) ~quCebis n crossroads,intersection,junction
gadadgmuli adj moved/put aside,rearrang ~jvaredinad v n criss-cross
ed gadakocna jvaredinad v oath-taking
gadadgoma v n retire(ment),resign(ation), gadalaxva v cross,pass over,overcome an
quit on,step aside/down ordeal,subdue,surmount
~mefis v n abdicate/abdication gadalesva v seal,smear,topcoat
~ ~ vinmes sasargeblod ~ in favour of sb gadalesili adj sealed, smeared,topcoated
gadadeba v delay,defer,postpone,put off until gadamdgari adj retired,resignated,quitted on
a late time gadamdnari adj smelted
~gverdze v put/set aside gadameteba v exceed
gadadis v sth moves onwards to/runs into gadametwrToba v ger overtemper(ing)
~raime rameSi sth passes into sth gadametwrTobili adj overtempered
~saukune/weli saukuneSi/welSi-N turns gadamzadeba v n transform(ation)
to N gadamkveTi adj crossing,intersecting each
gadadnoba v ger smelt(ing) other/one another
gadavardna xelisuflebis v extinguish gadamrCeni adj salvation
gadavarcxna v comb ~adamiani n rescuer
~ukan ~ back,sweepback (hair) gadamtani n carrier,carrying,transmitter
gadavla v ger cross(ing) gadamuSaveba v convert to,make/work into,
~Semoseuli mtris v march upon,override (re)make(cycle/work)
sth,sweep across ~xelaxla v ger re-make/shape(ing)
gadavleba Tvalis v take a look at sth ~naSromis ~ v ger re-cast(ing)
gadazidva v ger n carry(ing),transport(ation) gadamcemi n transmitter
shipment gadamweri n scribe
~sazRvao sth sea-borne gadamwvari adj burnt down,overburnt
gadazrda rameSi v grow/invigorate into gadamwyvetadadv determinative,pronouncedly
gadazrdili adj grown into gadamwyveti adj crusial,decisive,deciding,
gadaTariReba(ix.TariRi) v ger change determinative,firm,key,resolute,vigorous
the date,redate(ing) ~dartyma crusial blow,vital
gadaTariRebuli adj redated ~movlena key event
gadaTeTrebuli naweri n fair copy ~momenti/niSani decisive point in/for
gadaTxra/gadaTxrili v adj turn(ed) up ~niSani decisive point in/for…
gadaiylapa(qveyana) v tuck(ed) away (with) ~roli decisive role
gadakeTeba v n alter(ation),change,convert/co ~sityva the final say
nversion,modernize(ation),modify/modifi- ~Zegli crusial site
cation,rearrange(ment),recreate(ion),rede- ~xma casting/deciding vote
corate(ion),(re)(design,fashion,model,work) gadamWreli adj absolute,deciding,decisive,
reshape,restructure(ation),rebuild,transform definite,determined,firm
(ation),turn into sth gadanakeci n fold
gadakeTebuli adj altered,changed,convert-
gadanatexi(ix. T.W) n break,fragment
ed,,modernized,rearranged,modified,re-
gadanayari adj cast(s), reject(ed)
created,redecorated,redesigned,refash-
ioned,remodeled,transformed,remade, gadanacvleba v n dislocate(ion),displace
rebuilt,turned into sth (ment),shift,travel
gadaketva v tap (into sth) ~urTierTdakavSirebuli associated
gadakecva v bend over,fold,turn shifts in sth
~zeviT v turn up gadanacvlebuli adj dislocated,displaced,
~qveviT v ~ down shifted

23
 სარჩევი
gadanawileba v n re-aliot(ment),re-distribute
(ion),re-assign,re-divide/division
gadanaxva reserve sth for sb/sth
gadapranWuli adj florid,spectacular
gadarecxva v n denude(ation),(under)cut/
mine
gadarecxili adj denuded
~wyliT adj water-worn
gadarTva ramidan rameze switch from…to...
gadarCeva v n classify/classification,select
(ion)
~uvargisis v ger cull(ing)
gadarCeuli adj selected,selective
gadarCena v n rescue sb/sth from sth,keep
safe,retrieve/retrival,salvage/salvation,
save,survive/survival,surviving,endure,
preserve,shed(ing)
~uzrunvelyo ensure survival
gadarCeniTi adj rescue/salvage operation
gadarCenili adj kept safe,rescued,saved,
survived/surviving
gadarCenis mizniT adv with salvage aim
gadarwmuneba v argue out of sth
gadasasvleli n corridor,cross, pass
gadasatani adj portable
~advilad sth of easy carriage
gadasafarebeli n cover, ceiling
~sakurTxevlis n vestment
~saceremonio ceremonial cover
gadasaxadi n charge(s),contribution(s),duty,
due(s),fee,impost,payment,tax,toll
~erT sulze (pay)a polltax, fee
gadasaxadis amoqmedeba v enact (the) tax
(ation)
~gauqmeba abolish the tax
~dadgena v n enact(ion)
~dakisreba v n impose(ition) the tax
~daweseba v exact, levy
gadasaxadisgan gaTavisufleba v exempt,
remit
~Tavisufali free from/of charge,taxfree
gadasaxedidan.... adv from (eg Greek) pers-
pective
gadasaxleba v n deport(ation),displace/reset
tle(ment)migrate(ion)
gadasvla v n migrate(ion),mobility,moving,
shift,transmit/transmission,disgression
gadasinjva v n overlook,reconsider(ation),re-
revise/revision
gadasinjuli adj overlook(reconsider,revise)
(ed)
gadasuli erTimeoreze/erTmaneTze adj
clinker built,overlapping/ridden
24
erTmaneTze ~ boloebi (sth with) the
ends intermingled
gadatan-gadmotana v carry(take/transport)
from one place to another,carrying,trans-
trffic(ing),porting
gadatana v ger n carry(ing),carriage,convey,
displace(ment),endure,relocate(ion),
traction,,transfer(ing),transport(ation)
=gaZleba to weather (great) satback(s)
~yuradRebis divert attention from…to…
~xelaxla v re-install(ation)
gadatanili adj carried,conveyed,relocated,
transferred,transported
gadatvirTuli adj over loaded/weight
gadatixvra v n partition
gadatixruli adj partitioned
gadatrialeba v turn down
~polit./saxelmw. n upheaval
gadaudebeli adj clamorous,expedient to
do sth,urgent,prompt
gadaudebliv adv (do sth) without delay
~Semowmeba sth cries out for testing
gadaulaxavi adj compelling,insurmountable,
unconquerable
~sirTuleebis Seqmna vinmesTvis v defy,
pose problem(s)
gadaurCa v survived
gadauwyveteli adj unresolved,unsettled
gadauWreli adj unresolved,unsolvable,un-
solved,inextricable
gadafareba v cover sth with sth
gadafarebuli adj sth covered with sth
gadafarva v abolish,overlap/shadow,overlie,
span by
~zevidan v superimpose by sth
~erTmaneTis v overlap
~ramiT overlap sth wit sth
gadafaseba v n reappraise,reassess(ment),
revalue/revaluation
gadafxeka v peel off,scrape out
gadaqceva v n begin to become..,converse/
convert(ion),change into sb/sty,trans-
form(ation),turn sth into sth
gadaReba v n adopt(ion),borrow,copy,share,
take from sb
~brmad copy slavishly
~formis v n pattern
~fotosi v take a photo
gadaRma adv prep. across, beyond
zRvis ~ oversea(s)
mTis=piriqiTa cis Caucasus=north ~
gadaRobva v cut/partition off,fence in
gadayeneba v n dispose(ition),disposit(ion),
 სარჩევი
oust(ed)(er)
gadayvana v transfer
~xalxis pass over sb,human porterage
~ ~ gemidan gemze n transshipment
gadayra v discard,throw away
gadayrili adj discarded,thrown away
gadaSeneba v n come to an end, die out,ex-
tinct(ion),wither
gadaSenebis piras adv sth endangered
gadaSenebisagan xsna v save sb/sth from
extinction
gadaSla=waSla v delete,erase,obliterate
gadaSlili=waSlili adj delate(erase,ob-
literate(ed)
gadaCveva v give up, stop (doing) sth
gadacema v n convey,dispose/disposal,propa-
gate,transmit/transmission,hand over,pass
~enis/informaciis convay
~zepirsityvierebis ~ from mouth to mouth
~ostatobis/xelobis skill passes on from
sb to sb
gadacvla v n exchange
gadacureba v ger slip(ing)
gadaweva v put/set aside, remove
gadawera v make a copy,re-write
~pirjvris v cross oneself
gadawva v burn to the ground,fire swept thro-
ugh, set on fire
gadawvdoma v span
gadawyveta v decide,(re)solve,way out
gadawyvetiT adv staunchly
gadawyvetileba n decision,(re)solution,perc-
cept,determination,counsel,verdict
gadawyvetilebis miReba v decide,make a
a decision/decision making,pass a
resolution,resolve,settle
gadawyvetiT adv staunchly
gadawyvetili adj decided, solved
gadaWarbeba v exaggerate,exceed,overdraw in
sth
gadaWarbebiT adv predominately
~Sefaseba emphasize,overestimate,overstate
gadaWarbebulad adv overrepresented,pred-
ominately
gadaWarbebuli adj exaggerated,exceed
~morTuloba drastic/exuberant decorati-
on/ornamentation
gadaWdobili adj tied together
gadaWimva (qargaze) v stretch
gadaWimuli teritoria stretches from…to..
gadaWra(ix.gaWra) v cut away
gadaxazva(ix.naxazis) v cross,delete,efface
25
gadaxda v n pay(ment)
~valis v n return the debt,repay(ment)
~sikeTisTvis v n reward
~winaswar v n pre-pay(ment)
gadaxdis forma n form of payment
gadaxdisunariani adj payable
gadaxedva v look through,overlook,re-
examine/view,revise
gadaxveva v ger twist(ing), wind(ing)
~xelaxla v ger re-wind(ing)
gadaxveuli adj twisted, winded
gadaxvna=aoSva v plough up again/over
gadaxlarTva v twist
gadaxra v n abnormality,anomality,bias,cont-
rast,diverge/divergence,diversion,dis-
crepancy,gravitate,incline(ation),lean
towards sb/sth,skew,slope,tend
gadaxrili adj leaning,incline(d),oblique(ly),
bent,slumping aside/down
~ukan/win bent backward/forward
gadaxrukuli adj hard-baked
gadaxsna(ix.gaxsna) v open,(un)cover(open,
seal,veil)
gadaxureba v ger overheat(ing)
gadaxurva(ix.saxuravi) v ger cap(cover
roof)(ing),span by,tile
gadaxurvis saSualeba means of coping/ro-
fing
gadaxuruli adj cap (cover/roof)(ed)
gadaxCuebuli adj decrepit
gadajaWva v interwine/twist
gadajaWvuli adj intertwined/twisted
gadajvaredinebuli adj criss-cross,crossed,
crosswise
gadahyurebs v sth is facing sth,overlooks
~dablobs sth dominates(river)valley
gadideba v n amplify/amplification,enchance/
enlarge(ment)
gadidebuli adj enlarged
gadineba v flow away from…
gadis(ix.midis) v sth goes across/along,cro-
sses,progresses,passes through,via…
=fanjara (mag.quCaze) (window) facing…
gadmodineba n v cascades
gadmokecili adj outturned, turned out
gadmokidebuli adj perched in/out,project-
ing out over sth
gadmonaSTi n holdover,relic(s),survival,survi-
vor(s),vestige
gadmosxma v pour, tip
gadmotana v borrow,copy,derive,move
gadmotvirTva v ger unload(ing)
 სარჩევი
gadmofrqveva v cascade, pour out
gadmoReba v n adopt(ion), borrow
gadmoRebuli(ix.gadmotana) adj adopted,
alien,borrowed,dependent on (some)
model,derived
gadmoRma=piraqeTa pref. transCaucasus=so-
uth Caucasus
gadmoSverili adj overhanging
gadmocema v n record,render/rendition,story
~ambis v n interpret(ation),render/rendition
=daxatva v n ger render(ing)/rendition
~Temis/sakiTxis v n treat(ment)
=micema v ger give(ing)
=naweriT/teqstiT v n articulate(ion)
~naxati(suraTi/qandakeba) v n articulate
(ion), depict(ion),render/rendition
gadmocemis Tanaxmad adv it is clamed
that… story goes that…
~manera manner/way of rendition/treatment
gadmocemuli(a) v adj recorded
~wina Taobebidan sth is heritaged…
gaelveba n a glimpse
~wamieri a snapshot of sth
gaemarTa=gaeSura v headed,marched,set
off to some place
gaerTianeba v n centralize/consolidate(ation)
of sb/sth,incorporate(ion) within,mer-
ge(nce),unify,unite,union,conjoint
~erT blokad absorb in block
~erT qveynad unify as one state
~ramesTan combine with sth
=SeerTeba v conflate
=Sekvra v conjoin
=CarTva v n incorporate/incorporation
~wevrad v n affiliate(ion) with sb
~xelisuflebis qveS unify under a rule
gaerTianebiT adv by the incorporation/mer-
gence
gaerTianebuli adj centralize(consolidate,
conjoint,incorporate,join,unify,unite)(ed)
gaeSura v gear towards,head to,march,set off
to some place
gava(ix.Zvali) n sacrum
gavarvarebuli adj white-hot
gavleba sazRvris v border
~xazis v draw
gavlena v n affect,effect,impact,influence,
have a bearing/power on sb/sth,reper-
cussion
gavleniani adj influential, prominent
gavleniT adv influenced,under the influence
gavliT adv by way of… via…
26
gavrceleba v n distribute(ion),disseminate
(ion),dispersal,diffusion,expance(ion),
expand,extend,introduce,prevelance,
proliferate(ion),expand,extend,pro-
pagate(ion),span,spread(ing) of
~gavlenis extend the influence
~gansxvavdeba nimuSebiT distribution is
different with examples
~droSi distribution in time
~sivrceze distribution/expand(ing) across
broad area(geographic/time expance)
~swrafi rapid spread
~farTo wide distribution/expansion of sth
~farTod was dominant in sth/widely distri-
buted,distribution of sth as widely
as possible
~yvelaze/yvelgan spread above all…
gavrcelebis (sa)zRvari line of distribution/
expansion
~areali/ruka distribution map/zone
~forma pattern of distribution
~formebi mechanisms of spreading
gavrcelebuli adj common,distributed,ex-
tending,prevalent,predominantspanning,
(wide)spread,sth appears to run through
~yvelaze most common
~Warbad sth (is) prevalent
gavrcoba v ger n branch(ing),expand,extent
(ion),radiate(ion),spread across,span-
(ing),broaden
~miwebis v extend lands
gavrcobili adj branched,extended,spread
across
gavs(ix.imeorebs,) v bear resemblance,copy,
duplicate,echo,is like(ned)/reminiscent,re-
dolent of sth,resembles/resembling
gazavebuli(ix.wyliT) adj deluted
gazeTva v smear with
gazviadeba v n embellish(ment)
gazi(ix.Txisfexa) n pl usu. pliers,tongs
gaziareba v associate,impart,share,eliminate,
enjoy
gazomva v n measure(ment)
gazrda v n amass,enlarge(ment),exaggerate
expand,extend,grow,increase,raise,
scsle up
gazrdili(ix.zrda) adj advanced,enlarged,
extended,grown,increased
~zomaSi sth increased in size
~ramiT enhance by sth
gaTavadeba v ennoble
gaTaveba v end, finish
gaTaviseba v n absorb(tion),acquaint,adopt
 სარჩევი

(ion),acquire,become familiar with.., gaTxrebis gangrZoba v ger dig(ing) on,go

bring in sth on digging/excavating
gaTavisebuli adj acquired ~mimdinareobisas during/through excavati-
gaTavisufleba v discharge,free/set free,gi- ons
ve freedom,liberate(ation),release,rescue ~Sedegad from/in the result of excavations
~monobisgan emancipate,free ~Sedegebi excavation results
~tvirTisgan releave of load ~Semdgom(i) after/post excavations
~codvisgan absolve of sin ~Catareba conduct/undertake excavations
gaTavisuflebuli adj discharged,freed,li- ~warmoeba carry on/out excavations
berated,released,rescued gaTxrebisas gamoCena v come to light,dis-
~mona/yma n freedman mantle,expose,exposure
gaTamameba v be(come) bold gaTxrebma gamoavlina excavations reveal-
gaTanabreba v n align with sth,equate(ion) ed,sth has emerged/yielded from ex-
sb/sth with sb/sth cavations
gaTanabrebuli adj equated ~gviCvena excavations (have) demonstrated
gaTboba(ix.abano) v heat,make sb/sth warm (showed/yielded)
gaTeTreba v bleach,whiten ~daadastura excavations confirmed/evide-
~kiriT v lime-wash nced
gaTeTrebuli adj bleached,whitened ~ ~ Zeglze deposited on the site
~kiriT lime-washed gaigiveba v n assimilate(ion) to,associate
gaTelva v override sth (ion) with,identify/identification with sth
gaTvalva v bedevil,bewitch,put the evil eye ~ramesTan v associate,equate. identify
on… gaigivebuli adj associated,equated,identifi-
gaTvaliswineba v n consider(ation),envisa- ed
ge,make allowance,heed,note,reckon,reali- gaidialeba v n idealize/idealization
ze(ation),take(ing) into account,make allow- gakafva v cut down bushes and trees
wance gakeTeba v devise,do,fashion,make,manufactu
gaTvaliswinebuli adj considered,taken re,produce,provide,craft,execute
into account(consideration/view) ~erTi naWrisagan make in one single piece
gaTviTcnobierebuli adj knowledgeable ~raRaciT make sth by/with sth
gaTvla v n calculate(ion),think out ~xelaxla v anew,remake
ver ~ v n miscalculate(ion) gakeTebuli adj devised,done,fashioned fr-
gaTla v ger hew(ing) from sth,made,manufactured,produc-
~raime nayofis v ger peel(ing) ed,provided,crafted
~wveris/wvetis v ger sharpen(ing) gakeTilSobileba v n ger age(ing),ennoble
gaTlili adj dress(peel,sharpen)(ed),hewn (ment),refine(ment)
~kargad carefully dressed gakeTilSobilebuli adj aged,ennobled,re-
~odnav dressed/hewn a little fined
~uxeSad roughly dressed/hewn,crudely cur- gakvalva=gakvleva v feel(find,force,pave) a
ved,dressed way
gaTxevadeba v liqueify gakvaluli adj rut
gaTxeleba v ger thin(ing) gakvirtuli adj budding
gaTxova v call back, recall gakirva v ger whitewash(ing)
gaTxra v ger dig(ing) up,disintere,excava- gakicxva v condemn,convinct, rebuke
vate(ion)(s),expose to view,uncover gakontroleba v ger control(ing),command
~gadarCeniTi rescue excavation(s) ~teritoriis take(over) of (eg.Georgia)
~didi imedis momcemi excavation(s) of/ gakreWa(ix.beris) v cut,clip,share
with rich perspectives gakrialeba v polish, (re)furbish
=iTxreba axlais currently under excavation gakritikeba=ukmayofileba v castigate
~intensiuri extensive(ly) excavate(d)(ion) gakultureba v n acculturate(ion),cultivate
~sistemuri systematic excavation(s) (ion),culture,domesticate(ation)
~xelaxla v n re-excavate(ion)(s) gakulturebuli adj cultivated,cultured
galavanze sasiarulo biliki/gza battle-

27
 სარჩევი

mentt/rampart walk ~Tavdasxma v n depredate/depredation

~garedan midgmuli koSki tower project- gamaognebeli adj amazing,breathstaking,be-
ing from the wall wildering.embarassing,incredible,puz-
galavani n fortress wall(ing),enclosing wall,en zling,startling,striking,daunting,dazzling
enclosure,surrounding wall gamargvla v ger weed(ing)
~damcavi defencive/retaining wall(ing),for- gamarTva v arrange,organize,repair,set up,un-
tification,rampart dertake,equip with installations
~iaqTaRebiT adj buttressed gamarTleba v n acquit(al),excuse,discharge
~qalaqis n city/town wall (ment),justify/justification,warrant
~Zelebis n stockade gamarTlebis moZebna v invent justification
galavanSi CaSenebuli koSki n turret gamarTlebuli(a) adj (is) acquitte(discharge,
galavniani adj fortified, walled justify)(ed)
galavnis kedelSi saTofuri n crenela- gamarTulebeli adj complicating factor
tion,pigeon hole gamarTuli(ix.adamiani) adj arrange(organi-
~iaqTaRi n battress ze,repair,wellappoint)(ed),serviceable,
~ ~ garedan n external ~ undertaken
~ ~ TaRiani n arc boundant gamartiveba v n facilitate,(over)simplify/simpli-
~ ~ Signidan n internal battress fication
~kuTxeebSi koSki tower where the angle of gamartivebuli adj facilitated,oversimplified
the wall changes gamarjveba v n carry the day,(win the)vic-
~qonguri n merlon tory,resulting victory
~Sverili zed asasvlelad n orillion Zviri/Zvirfasi ~ dearly-bought victory
galamazeba v ger dress(ing),intersperse with gamarjvebis ganmtkiceba claim victory
sth gamarjvebuli adj victor(ious), winner
galamazebuli adj dressed ~saxiT in the winning position
galaSqreba v campaign in,march,ready to gamaspinZleba v n entertain(ment),host,re-
to take the field,rise up against sb/sth gale,treat sb
galeva/ganleva v ebb,start to wane,temper, gamaRizianebeli adj provoking
wipe off,wither gamajansaRebeli adj curative,recreat(ion)
galeniti(s) n adj galena (ive)
galerea n gallery gambedavi adj vigorous
~daxuruli n ambulatory,porch gamgzavreba=wasvla n departure
galesva(ix.Selesva) v hone, whet gamge n head of, be in charge of sth
galewva v ger thresh(ing) gamgrZelebeli(gvaris,saqmis) n successor
galewili(ix.qveyana) adj threshed gamdidreba v n become rich,enrich(ment),ex
galife n riding breeches tend
galoba v sing hymns ~niadagis v fertilize
gama(ix.ferTa) n gamut gameoreba v imitate,recurrent,repeat,revise
gamagreba(ix.Semtkicebuli) v ger n butt- ~ramis keTebis v n reiterate(ion)
ress,entrench,fortify,harden,make stron- gamefeba v n accession,become a king,enth-
ger,reinforce(ment),strengthen(ing),toug- rone(ment),(the)reign
hten gamzadeba v make ready
~masis/xsnaris v ger concrete,harden(ing) gamzadebuli adj ready(made)
~cixis v n fortify/fortification gamzrdeli n educator,tutor
gamagrebuli(ix.masa) adj fix(fortify,harden, gamTxreli n excavator
reinforce,strengthen)(ed) gamiznulad adv intentionally, purposely
gamaerTianebeli adj centralizing,unifying gamiznuli(a) adj concerned,designed,extend
gamavali adj effluent, through.., via… ed,intended,purposeful/purposive
=gadahyurebs adj facing(eg street) gamiri kuTxovani n crump
gamalebuli adj aspiring ~nalisebri n staple
gamamxnevebeli adj encouraging in… gamijvna v delimit,deliniate,draw the line bet-
gamanadgurebeli adj devastating,sweeping ween this and that
~mkveTrad sharp deliniation

28
 სარჩევი
gamijnuli adj delimited,deliniated
gamkeTebeli n creator,doer,maker
gamkveTreba v emphasise,pick out,sharpen
stress
gamkvriveba v ger become hard,harden(ing),
toughten
gamkvrivebuli adj hardened
gamklaveba v n handle, resist(ance)
~ mtris v stand out
gamo(isobiT) accordingly,because of sb/sth,
sth,on account of..,owed/owing to sth
gamoavlina v sb/sth revealed sth
gamoangariSeba v n calculate(ion),compute,
measure(ment), subtract
gamoaSkaraveba v ger appear(bring/come)
to light,manifest/reveal(ing),belie/bely sth
gamoaSkaravebuli adj brought to light,re-
veiled
gamoaCina v yield(ed)
gamoberili adj bulging
gamobrZmeda v ger harden(ing),temper(ing)
gamobrZmedili adj hardened,tempered
gamoburcva v protrude
gamoburculi adj convex,protruding,protub-
errant,prominence
gamoburculoba n convexity,prominence,
protrusion
gamogoneba(ix.saxelis) v n contrive(ance),
devicse/device,invent(ion),notion
~gonebamaxviluri contraption invent
~xelaxla v n reinvent(ion)
gamogonili adj fabulous,fiction,imaginary,in-
vented
gamodgeba v sth will fit(hold.serve,suite)(as) to
do sth
gamodevna(ix.gandevna) v sth replaces sth
gamodevneba v chase,persue(ing)
~nadirobisas v spy
gamodis(ix.ibeWdeba) v (it) appears/comes
out
gamodnoba(ix.dnoba) v extract,obtain,release
gamodnobiT adv by smelting
gamovlena v n bring/come to light,demonst-
rate(ion),reveal/uncover sth,yield,iden-
tify,evolve
~ostatobis display(high level of)skill
~Zalis tour de force
gamovlenili adj appeared,brought/come to
light,reveal(uncover,yield)(ed)
gamovlineba(ni) n pl manifestation(s) of sth,
gamozamTreba v ger hibernate, winter(ing)
gamoziduli adj projecting
gamozneqili adj convex,in relief,protuberant
29
gamoTavisufleba v disentangle
gamoTvla v n calculate(ion),
~wlebis v ger reckon(ing)
gamoTla v n curve(hew,shape,square,sculp-
ture,trim)(ing),carve from,cut
=gadakeTeba v recut
gamoTlili adj curved,hewn,shaped,squar-
ed,sculptured,trimmed,carved,cut
gamoTqma v n designate,express(ion),pronoun
ce/pronunciation,provide an idea/opini-
on,put forward,state(ment),voice
gamoirCeva v distinctive,distinguished,defin-
ed,stands out
gamoiyeneba v sth is available/employed as..,
continues to be used,is used/is in use
as.., is practiced/utilized as..,serves as...
~farTod increasingly used
gamoicnoba v sb/sth (is) identified by/as
gamoiwvia v caused(generated,triggered) sth
gamoixata raRacaSi sth result in sth
gamoixateba v is expressed,sth lies/results in
sth
gamokveTa v ger carve,curve,hew,model,scul-
pture,shape,stress,trim(ing)
~mkveTrad v clear-cut,deliniate,sharpen
focus
~ramis v ger shape(ing),strike off
~sakiTxis v delineate, highlight, stress
~teqstSi v mark(ing). pick out in black
~qvisgan v chip,knap,sculp
gamokveTilad adv definitely
gamokveTili adj carved,curved,cut,hewn,mo
deled,sculptured,shaped,stressed,trimmed
explicit,well-defined
~erTi naWrisgan curved in one piece
~kargad/mkveTrad pronounced
~mTlianad curved in the round
gamokvleva v n examine(explore,observe(at-
ion),investigate(ion),study,survey
gamokvleuli adj explore(investigate,study,
survey)ed
~kargad/cudad well/poorly served/studied
gamokverva v ger hammer(ing),shape(ing)
gamokverili adj hammered,shaped
gamokleba v n subtract(ion)
gamoleva v peter out
gamolocva v ger charm(ing),spell(ing)
gamomavali adj running away from…
gamomgonebeli n inventor
gamomgonebloba n ingenuity
gamomgonebluri adj inventive
gamomdinare adj coming/derived from,cones-
quential,emanating from,emergimg
 სარჩევი
from sth,hense,sth inferred
adv consequently
~raRacidan/raRacisgan emanating from...
gamomdinareobs v sth is deduced as followes,
sth derived from sth,sth results from sth
gamometyveleba(ix.saxis) n appearance,co-
untenance,expression,mimic/miming
gamomzeureba v bring to light,recover
gamomJRavneba v bring out,make known,reve-
al
gamomricxavi adj exclusive
gamomsaxveli adj depicting,express(ing),fe-
aturing,impressive,portraying,reproducing
gamomsaxveloba n artristry,expression,exp-
ressiveness
gamomsaxvelobas matebs sth adds further
definition
gamomsaxvelobiTi adj concise,expressive,
eloquent,figurative,pithy
gamomsaxvelobis miniWeba v emphasize
gamomuSaveba v elaborate,provide,work out/up
gamomuSavebuli adj provided,worked out/
up
gamomSvidobeba n adj forwell,retirement
gamomSrali adj dried
~haerze adj air-dried
gamomcemeli n publisher
gamomcemloba n press,publishing house
gamomwvari adj baked,burnt/burned,kilned
~kargad well-baked/fired
~cudad poorly fired
gamomwvevi n challenging,provoking
~mizezi agent of sth,cause for,triggering fac-
tor
gamomxatveli n adj indicative/indicator
gamomjobineba v n recover(y)
gamonabolqvi n pl fumes
gamonagoni n imagery
gamonaTeba n pl gleams of… a glimpse of…
gamonaTqvamin adage,pronouncement,saying,
dictum/dicta n sing/pl Lat
gamonaklisi n adj exception(al), sth singu-
lar
gamonaklisiT adv with (few) exception
gamonaklisis gareSe adv without exception
gamonaklisoba n exclusivity
gamonaxva v find
~saerTo enis v find common ground
gamongreva v break open
gamorecxva(saZirkvlis/sayrdenis) v
(under)cut/mine
gamoricxva v exclude, ignore, omit, remove,
eliminate,rule out
30
gamorCeva v contrast,define,discern,distinguish
differentiate,distinct,reveal,winnow
~ramiT v distinguish by sth
~uvargisis v ger cull(ing)
~calke v differentiate
gamorCena n an act from mercenary motives
=gamoparva sth escaped sb
=gamotoveba v leave out
gamorCenili adj left out, omitted
gamorCeulad adv distinctively,exceptionally,
particularly,significantly
gamorCeuli adj distinctive,distinguished/dis-
tinguishing,delimited by,outstanding,
eminent,significant,unusual,contrast-
ing,discerned by sth
gamorCeuloba n conspicuousness,distinctne-
ss,exclusivity/exclusiveness,signi-
ficance
gamosadegi adj applicable,available,construc-
tive,expedient,usable,useful,viable,
apt,suitable,conductive,serviceable
~nakleb less useful,little avail
gamosadegoba n usefulness,utilitarian,utility
gamosavali n issue,way out,path away from
sth
gamosavlianoba n output
gamosavlis moZebna v find an outlet in sth
gamosaTqmelad advili adj pronounceable
gamosaTxovari n farewell,funeral,parting
~sityva funeral oration
gamosakvlevi(a) v sth is a problem area,sth
must be still explored
gamosasyidi n ransom
gamosaqveynebeli(a) v sth still awaits (final)
publication
gamosaRebi n duty,payment,tax
gamosaCeni adj (sth is) presentable
gamosaxavs v depicts,expesses,mirrors,feat-
ures,portrayes
gamosaxva v n depict(ion),feature,mirror,port-
ray,render/rendition,reproduce/repro-
duction,express(ion),pattern
~grafikulad v figure
~mxatvrulad artistic expression
~wina planze show front-on
gamosaxvis manera n manner/way of render-
ing/rendition,treatment
~simkveTre n verve
~teqnika n technique of execution
gamosaxuleba n depiction,device,figure,(icon
image,imagery,impression,portrait/port-
rayal,reflection,rendition,reproduction,
representation
 სარჩევი

~anabeWdi n impression, imprint gamotana v bring forward,draw from,remove

~bundovani/gadRabnili splayed image ~mzis sinaTleze v n expose/exposure
~grafikuli line drawing gamotexva v break open
~damaxinjebuli adj deform(distort,muti- gamotireba deplore one‟s inability to do sth
late,warp)(ed) gamotoveba v n ignore,leave out,miss,omit/
~Tavis n representation of a head omission,sth escaped sb
~Tanmxlebi satellite image =gadaxtoma v pass over
~ikiTxeba v sth is properly faced/read gamotovebuli adj left out, omited
~kameasaviT qvaze portrayal gamouvali adj bind sb with sth,desperate,ho-
~mxatvruli artistic expression peless,inextricable
~nakveTi ingraving(s) gamouTqmeli adj expressless
~nivTze/scena a scene of… subject matter gamoukveTeli adj unrestricted
~plastikuri representation gamoukvleveliadj undiscovered,unexplored
~portretuli pictorial representation gamousadegari adj impracticable,insignificant
~religiuri religious expression unwanted,uselwss,worthless,irrelevant
~reliefuri relief imprint incongruous with sth,unavailable,unsui
~sagnis n depiction (of sth) table,sth is no help in sth,intangible
~sarkismieri n reflection gamousadegroba n disadvantage(s),impond-
~saxis facial expression(image,representati- erables
on) gamousworebeli adj ill-suited for..,irrecover-
~skulpturuli sculpture(d) image(s) able
~sqematuri diagrammatic depiction gamouqveynebeli adj sth still awaiting public-
~uxeSi crude image ation,unpublished
gamouyenebeli adj disused
~figuruli figurative
gamoucdeli adj inexperienced,novice,un-
~frontaluri adj forefront
skilled,suckling
~qandakeba image of sb/sth
~vinme n suckling
~welamde=welszeviT bust shot,represent-
~vinmes gakeTebuli inexpertly done
ation up to the waist
gamoucnobi adj enigmatic,mysterious,unco-
~xazebiT/joxebiT stick figure(s)
mmon,unknown
~xazovani liniar representation
gamouwvavi adj unbacked
gamosaxulebani n pl imagery
gamofena v n display,exhibit(ion),exposition,
gamosaxulebiT... adv sth depicting sth
layout,parad of..,show
gamosaxulebis amoSla(gadaxazva.waSla)
~grZeldeba exhibition runs from…until…
v afface
~kargi well appointed display/exhibition
gamosaxuli adj depict(mirror,portray,repre-
~moZravi traveling exhibition
sent,reproduce)(ed),shown,embodied
~mudmivmoqmedi continuous display/exhi-
~daxvewilad/ostaturad elaborately pat-
bition
terned
~muzeumSi (be on) display,material on show
~rogorc... sth depicted as…
gamofitva v ger drain,dry(ing),weather(ing)
~scena/scenebi sth bearing a scene of…
exhaust,deplete(ion)
gamosvla v come out
~adamianis v adj prostrate
~vinmes winaaRmdeg inveigh against sb
gamofituli adj dried,prostrated,weathered,
~krizisidan emerge from the crisis
exhausted,depleted
gamoslvaTa(bibliis me-2 wigni) n (the)
gamofuturoeba/gamofuRuroeba v holow
Exodus
gamoqandakeba v ger model/sculpt(ure)(ing)
gamosyidva(ix.codvis) v n atone(ment),ran-
gamoqandakebuli adj modeled,sculptured
som
gamoqarva v ger weather(ing)
gamosworeba v n improve(ment),retrieve/re-
~advilad sth subject to ~/suffered from ~
trieval,redress,correct
~Secdomis v rectify gamoqvabuli=qvabi n cave,cavern,cavity,
gamosworebuli adj improved hollow,rock shelter
~sacxovreblad living rock,rock shelter
gamosxiveba v n radiate(ion)
~xelovnuri n grotto

31
 სარჩევი
gamoqveyneba v n ger publish(ing),publication
gamoqveynebuli adj advertised, published
gamoqna v ger form/trim(ing)
gamoqnili adj form/trim(ed)
gamoqomageba v n defend(ance), protect(ion)
gamoRviZeba v dawn, revive
gamoRma adv at this bank, cis…
gamoyenebav n apply to,accept(ance),embrace,
employ(ment),exploit(ation),put into
practice,use,usage,in use,utilize
~meoradi adj secondary use
~mravalferovani multifarious use
~samxedro military use
~sruli full use
~sxvadasxva sth of intermediate use
~terminis use a term
~farTo developed use,use sth widely,inc-
reasingly used
~SezRuduli restricted use of sth
~Sewyda sth ceased to be used
~xelaxla recycle,reuse,repeated use
gamoyenebis gareSe without reference/use
gamoyenebuli adj used,utilized
gamoyvana v remove,take out
~bolSi v ger smoke(ing)
~kargad adv well finiSed
~mzeze v ger jerk(ing)
~formis v ger shape(ing)
~jiSis v ger nurture(ing)
gamoyofa v n allocate(ion),apportiont(ment),
detail,discern,distinguish,emphasize,high-
light,isolate/isolation,identify/identification,
delineate/deliniation,differentiate(ion),rele-
ase,demakate(ion),segregate(ion),single out
~mkveTrad v accentuate,steeply separate
~niSnebis v pick out features/signs
~tipis v delineate a type
~calke v pick/single out
gamoyofili adj allocated,apportioned,detail
ed,discerned,differentiated,deliniat-
ed,emphasized,highlited,identified,
isolated,released,segregated,singled out
gamoSveba v let out sb/sth,issue sth
~nawarmis(tyveobidan/cixidan)v release
gamoSverili adj extending,perched out
from,projecting,out of plumb
gamoSigvna v remove organs,scrape(ing)
gamoSroba v dessicate, dry out
gamoCena v n ger advent,appear(ance),arrive/
arrival,arise,dawn,emerge(nce),expose/ex
posure in an open emergence,extend,ma-
nifestation,occur(ance),reveal,turn up,co-
me into existence,dawn,uncover,yield
32
~gaTxrisasv n dismantle,expose/exposure
~dRis sinaTleze come to light
~daiwyo v sth began to appear
~mkafiod sth came to the fore
~moulodneli fleeting appearance,intru-
de/intrusion
~pirveli=uadresi the first emergence,
the earliest arrival/manifestation,
the first trickle of sth appears…
~raRacasTan erTad sth evolve along sth
~xelaxla re-appear(ance),resurface
gamoCenamde adv before the advent of sth
gamoCenasTan erTad=gamoCenisTanave adv
with the appearance of sth somewhere
gamoCenili adj emerging,occurred,revealed,
turned up,salient,uncovered
~adamiani best known,celebrated,celebrity,
eminent,famous,outstanding,well-kn-
own,prime(sb),prominence/prominent
gamoCiCqna v pluck out
gamoCorkna v work up roughly
gamocalkeveba v n detail,distinguish,differe-
ntiate(ion),divide off,isolate(ion),sepa-
rate(ion) from/of,single out,define,dis-
cern, insulate(ion)
~konteqstidan abstract sth from context
gamocalkevebuli adj discrete,differentiate,
isolated,separated from,singled out
gamocana/gamocanis n mystery,puzzle,riddle
~amoucnobi enigma(tic),mysterious
~gamocnoba v solve
gamocda v n adj examine(ation),experience,
test(ing),trial(s)
~drois the test of time
gamocdileba n confidence,experience,profic
iency,workmanship
gamocdilebis SeZena v gain ~
gamocdili n adj expert,experienced,keen,
skilled
~xeliT nakeTebi sth expertly done
gamocema v n edit(ion),organize,issue,public-
ation,publish
~avtoris gardacvalebis Semdgomi
posthumous edition
~akademiuri academic edition/periodical
~pirveli beWduri Lat. edition princeps
~sruyofili/yovlismomcveli definitive
publication of sth
~Sevsebuli da Sesworebuli revised
edition
~calke separate edition
~xelaxla v n reprint,republish,repeated
publication
 სარჩევი

gamocemaTa seria Temaze... a series of pu- back

blications on (theme)… gamowrToba v ger anneal(ing),temper(ing)
gamocvla v n change,replace(ment) ~wyalSi ger quench-hardening
gamocnoba v n guess, identify sth by sth, gamowrTobili adj tempered
unreveal gamowurva v n ger extract(ion)(ing)
=saidumlos gaxsna v ger break(ing), ~madnidan v n isolate(ion)
crack(ing) gamowuruli adj extracted,isolated
gamocnobili adj unrevealed gamoWedva v ger beat(ing),forge(ing),ham-
gamococxleba v n liven up,nourish(ment), mer(ing),mint(ing)
revive/revival,reviving,vivify gamoWedili adj beaten,forged,hammer-
gamocxadeba v n announce(ment),declare(at- ed,minted
ion),proclaim/proclamation,publicize gamoWra v ger cut(ing) out
~angelozis message of… gamoxazva v ger draw(ing)
~bibliuri the Advent gamoxarateba v ger chise(ing)
~ioanesi the Revalation gamoxaratebuli adj chiseled
~memkvidris v n appoint(ment) gamoxarSva v ger n bleach/extrac(ing),
~religiis v found of (the Christianity…) distil(ation)
~RmerTis/RvTis the Epiphany gamoxarSuli adj bleach(distil,extract)(ed)
=xilva n providence gamoxatva v n depict(demonstrate,express,
gamocxoba v ger bake(ing) indicate(ion),display,represent(ation),
gamoZaxili v n echo, repercussion(s) signify
~Soreuli a far cry from.. ~daniSnulebis assume N significance
gamoZerwva v n model(ing) ~kvlevebSi spill over into issues
~saxis v n depict(ion) gamoxatvis manera n manner of depiction
gamoZerwili adj modeled ~saSualeba media of expression
gamoweva v pull out ~stilisturi xerxi v n device/devise,in-
gamoweuli adj jutted out,prominent,protrude strument(s)
(ing) gamoxatuleba n demonstration,depiction,ex-
gamowva v ger anneal,bake(burn,fire,kiln)(ing) pression,implication,impression,indi-
calcine,lcination cation
~gakontrolebuli controlled firing ~mWevrmetyveli the most telling indication
~msubuqi light firing of sth
~sxvadasxva ferad fire to distinct shades gamoxatuli adj articulated,depicted,exempli-
of (some color) fied by sth,expressed,reflected
~Ria open firing ~kargad well accentuated/depicted
gamowveva v call forth,cause,challenge=issue ~mkveTrad accentuated,ambiguous,marked,
challenge,impel,inspire by sb,orchestrate pronounced
(provoke,cause,engender) sth gamoxveta v clear away,shovel out,sweep
~interesis generate interest gamoxmaureba v acclaim,answer,echo,react,
~omis/ramis v trigger reply,respond
~sulebis v n evoke,invoke ~naSromze press comment on..,reference
gamowvevis miReba v plung=take the plung to sth
~winaSe face up to challenge gamoxsna v disentangle
gamowveuli adj (to be) caused by sth,cinsid- gamojanmrTeleba v n recuperate(ion)
er sth/by sth gamprialebeli n burnisher, polisher
gamowvlilviT v work out sth in detail(elabo- gamJRavneba v break a secret,leak out,reveal
rately,meticulously),punctiliously,in ~saidumlosi break a secret
fine details, thoroughly gamravleba v n multiply/multiplication,procre-
~Seswavlili sth studied in most details ate(ion),proliferate(ion),propagate(ion)
by scholars gamravalferovneba v n diversify,diversifi-
gamowvlilviTi adj elaborate,meticulous, cation
precise,punctilious,catchment analyses gamrudeba v n warp(ing)
gamownexa/gamownexili v adj press(ed) gamrudebuli adj warped

33
 სარჩევი
gamsxvileba v ger thicken(ing)
gamsxvilebuli adj thickened
gamsWvalva v n penetrate(ion)
gamsWvaluli adj penetrated
gamtvreva ramiT v breach by sth
gamtkiceba v harden, make firm,substantiate
gamtkicebuli adj substantiated
gamurva v ger blacken(ing)
gamuruli adj sooty, smulty
gamqrali adj defunct,disappeared,extinct,va-
nished
gamyareba v harden strengthen
gamyivani(xma)=tenori n tenor
gamyinvareba n adj glaciations
gamyinvarebisSemdgomi...n adj postglaciation
gamZafreba v n intensify/intensification
gamZvinvareba v be/get angry/irate,storm off in
anger
~RvTaebis storm off in anger
gamyofi adj dividing,separating
gamZvinvarebuli adj irate, tough
gamZle adj long-live/stand(ing),enduring,last
(ing),persistent,rigid,stable,steadfast,sub-
stantial,tough,sturdy,table,serviceable,
~masala adj durable,substantial
gamZleoba n durability,rigidness,stability,ste-
dfastness,toughness
gamwevi(ix.wyvili) adj traction
gamwvaveba v peak
gamWvirvale(d) adj adv transparent(ly)
~naxevrad adj translucent
gamWvirvaloba n serenity,transparence,tran-
sparent
gamWoli adj transverce
gamWriaxi n adj astute,a person of penetra-
tion,shrewd,subtle
gamWriaxoba n insight
gamWriaxobiT adv sth done with necessary
acumen by sb
gamxdari adj meager
gamxela v undo (secret)
gamxmari adj dried, hardened
gamxneveba v n encourage(ment)(s),imbue
gamxsneli n adj solvent
ganagdo v disavow,give up,renounce
ganago v n control,disposal,rule,run
ganagrZo v continue,go/keep on,pursue sth
~arseboba sty (seems) to continue well
~keTeba sb continues doing sth/the practice
ganadgureba v n abolish,annihilate,bring to
heel,delete,demolish,devastate,exting-
ish,full sweep of sth,obliterate)(ion),be-
34
come run down,cncel(ation),crush,des-
troy,destruction,havoc,overcome,over-
throw,override,perish,ravage of sb,sla-
ughter,vanish,bring down,eliminate,im-
poverish,fall,bring to heel,override
~xanZarSi end in fire
ganadgurebuli adj abolish(annihilate,crush,
delete,demolish,destroy,devastate,
obliterate,perish,vanish)(ed)… over-
come with,overthrown
ganaTeba v ger light(ing), torch
ganaTebuli adj lighted/lit (badly/well)
ganaTleba v n educate(ion),enlighten(ment),
intelligence,intellect,scholarship
ganaTlebuli adj educate,enlighten,learn(ed
intellectual,intelligent,literate,scholar
ganaTlebuloba n intelligence,literacy,scho-
larship,enlightenment
ganakidi=ganayeli n overhang(ing) eaves
ganamarxebuli adj fossil
ganamtkica v reinforced,strengthened
~beWdiT v sealed
ganapira(ix.qveynis) adj extreme,marginal,
outlier,outlying,outside,outskirts of..,
periphery/peripherial,on the periphery
ganapiroba... v is/was inspired by sb/sth
ganapirobebs... v presupposes
ganasxvavebs... v contrasts, distinguishes,tells
them apart
ganaRdeba(ara fulis) v secure(d) sth
ganayofiereba v n fertilize/fertilization,imp-
regnate
ganaSenianeba ger house building
ganaCeni n doom, sentence, verdict
ganawileba v n arrange(ment),apportion,dis-
tribute(ion),separate,share,shift
ganawyobs... v disposes/inclines to…
~sawinaaRmdegod v advise/incite against,
dissuade
ganaWeri n cut
ganaxevreba v halve, semify
ganaxevrebuli adj halved,semified
ganaxleba v n ger anew(al),innovate(ion),
mend(ing),regain,renewal,renovate,re-
store(ation),resume/resumption,resur-
face,restart,revise,modify/modification
ganaxlebadi adj innovative
ganaxlebuli adj anew(innovate,mend,modi-
fy,regain,renew,renovate,restore,re-
sume,resurface,restart,revise)(ed),re
trospective=retroactive,newborn
ganbanva(ix.tilo,WurWeli) v n ablution(s),
lavabo(s),perform one‟s ablutions,cle-
 სარჩევი
ansing
gangaSi n v alarm
gangaSis zarebi alarm bells ring
gangeb adv consciously,deliberately,purposely
gangeba n fate, fortune, lot, Providence
gangmirva v impale, slay
gangmiruli adj impaled, sline
gangrZoba v continue,go/keep on
gandgoma v deceive
gandgomili n adj apostate
~qveynis nawili break away region
gandegili n ascet,hermit,recluse,reclusive
gandevna v n banish(ment) from,displace
(ment),drive away,exile,expel from,for-
ce/obliterate out,oust,proscribe/proscr-
iption
~eSmakis v n exorcise/exorcism
~mtris v besiege
~teritoriidan v evict from
gandevnili adj banished from,besieged,dri-
ven away,exiled,exorcised,evictedfrom,
forsed/obliterated out,ousted/ouster
gandideba v extol, glorify,glory, resound,thank
TviT ~ v n aggrandisze(ment)
~RvTisa/RmerTisa v glorify, worship
gandobili n devotee, sacred
~vinme initiative figure
ganebivreba v gratify, indulge, spoil
ganebivrebuli adj indulgent, spoilt
ganedi(geogr) n latitude
ganeitraleba v n neutralize/neutralization
~gavlenis kill on impact
~ubedurebis v n filtrate(ion) with disaster
ganeleba v cool,deteriorate(ion),lessen
~interesis v decrease,diminish,lessen,re-
duce
ganelebuli adj cooled,lessened,decreased,
diminished,reduced
ganviTareba v n advance, develop(ment),ev-
volve,elaborate(ion),carry forward,culi-
vate(ion),carry forward,elaborate,evolu-
tion,expand,start to,stimulate(ion)
~dargis the spread of…
~naxtomisebri adj leapfrogging model
~raRacisgan derive/evolve from…
~Sewyda cut abruptly short by,continuity was
lost,sth was discontinued
ganviTarebadi adj developing,emerging,evolv
ing system of sth,progressive
ganviTarebuli adv advance(develop,expa-
evolve,cultivated,elaborate)(ed),
extensive, flourishing
ganze(ix.gani) adv breadthwise,crosswisw
35
~dgoma v keep aloof from, stand aside
=yiraze(wyoba) adv in headers
ganzogadeba v n generalize(ation)
ganzomileba(ni) n dimension(s)
ganzrax adj adv deliberate(ly)
~damaxinjebuli deliberately mutilated
~deformireba premediate deformity
ganzraxva v n intend,intention
~winaswar(i) intention(al)(ly)
ganzraxviT adv bias,deliberately,with inte-
ntion of…
ganzraxuli(a) v sth is intended
~winaswar adj deliberate,intentional,pre-
dicted
ganTavseba v n arrange(install,place)(ment),di
stribute(ion),logistic,position
ganTiadi n dawn
ganTqmuli adj best-known,noted,outstand-
ing,promoted,sth reputed to be…
~nayofierebiT promoted fertility
gani n breadth
~yira wyoba n header
ganze=yiraze(wyoba) n in headers
ganiaveba v n air(ing),ventilate(ion)
ganiaraReba v n disarm(ament),dismantle
ganiaraRebuli adj disarmed,dismantled
ganieri adj broad, wide
ganiva n beam,cross bar,stringer,tie-beam,
transom,traverse beam
~oTxkuTxa square-sectioned beam
ganivad adv crosswise
ganivi adj cross(wise), transepted,transverse
~gayofa v cross division
ganivkveTi n cross section
ganivkveTSi adv in cross section
ganisazRvra v sth attributed(defined,identifi-
ed) as sth
~rogorc raRac tipi sth is attributable
to (some) type
ganisvenebs (aq) v here dwells…
ganicdis(gavlenas) sb/sth bears influence/
experiences sth,deals with sth
~naklebobas sb/sth is short of sth
~cvlilebas sth undergoes transformation
ganiZarcva v dismantle
ganixileba v sth is in question/under discus-
sion,is viewed as…
~rogorc... sth is considered(discussed,re-
garded,viewed) as sth
gankiTxva v give alms to sb, judge
gankiTxvis dRe the Doomsday,Judgement
Day
 სარჩევი
gankuTvnili adj reserved for sb/sth
gankurneba v ger cure,heal/mend(ing)
ganlageba v n arrange(ment),disposal,dis-
pose,disposition,house,lay on/out,dist-
ribute (ion),place(ment),position,
localise(ation),deposite(ion)
~erT xazze v n align(ment)
~morgeba v n accommodate/accomodation
~mWidrod closely packed
~jarebis v n deploy(ment),station
ganlagebuli adj arrange(dispose,house,
place,deploy,station)(ed),lied
localized,deposited
ganleva v temper
ganleqva v n seclude,seclusion
ganmavlobaSi adv during+noun, for,in the
course of..,over along,through any/
some period,thoroughout,while+verb,
within overall rang of(centuries,years),
over a/the period of…
droTa ~ duration,during,eventually,in the
course of...,as time progressed
mokle drois ~ over a short period
ganmaTavisuflebeli n liberator
ganmamtkicebeli adj corroborative
ganmanaTlebeli n bringer of Christ,enlight-
ener,Unimatrix(eg St Nino in Georgia),
Illuminator(eg. St. Giorgi)
ganmarteba v n define/definition,clarify/clarifi-
cation,exemplify sth,illuminate(ion),
elucidate through,interpret(ation)
~axleburad v n reinterpret(ation)
~mizezis v n interpret(ation) (of) the reas-
ons for sth
ganmartebiTi adj elucidative,explanatory,illu-
minating
ganmartoebiT adv alone,in solitude,seclud-
ed,in seclusion
ganmartoebuli adj secluded,in seclusion,so-
le,solitary
ganmasxvavebeli adj distinctive,distinguishing,
indicative
~erTmaneTisgan diagnostic,distinguishing
~niSani distinctive/distinguishing feature
ganmbjeni n push,reinforcement
ganmge(beli) n master, sovereign
ganmeorebadi adj recurrent,retroactive,repea-
ting,repeatitive
ganmeorebiT adv anew,repeatedly
ganmeorebiTi adj repeated, secondary
ganmeorebuli adj repeated
ganmmartebeli n adj interpreter,explanato-
ry,exponent of…
36
ganmsazRvreli adj attributive,diagnostic,de-
terminative,defining,definitive,identi-
fying,indicator
~maCvenebeli indication/indicator of sth…
ganmtkiceba v n cement,corroborate,make
sth stronger,reinforce(ment),strengthen,
consolidate,maintenance of sth,secure
~rameSi be confirmed in sth
~saxelmwifosi maintain/maintenance of
the state
ganmxoloeba v n isolate(ion)
ganmxoloebuli adj isolated
ganoyiereba v n fertilize/fertilization
ganpatiJeba v n execute(ion),punish(ment)
ganpirobeba v n be due to sth,determine
(ation)
ganpirobebuli adj conventional
ganpirobebulia v sth is bound/submitted
by sth,sth is subordinated to sb/sth,sth is
due to sb/sth,sb bound to do sth,submitted
by,determined with
ganrigi n agenda,itinerary,schedule,timetable
ganrisxeba v anger,enrage,fly into a rage,
storm off in anger
ganrisxebuli adj irate
gansazRvra v n adj attribute(ion),asses(me
nt),catalogize,define/definition,attribu-
te/attribution,determine(ation),fix(ation)
identify/identification,designate,limit/li-
mitation
~fasis v n appreciate(ion)
~winaswar v n presuppose/presupposition,
predetermine/predetermination
~xelaxla redefine/redefinition
gansazRvreba n determination,determinative,
limitation,attribution
gansazRvrisaTvis... adv for definition of…
gansazRvro rogorc... v designate as…
gansazRvruli adj attributed,attributable to
sth,considerable,considered,defined,
identified,limited,particular,precise,ex-
plicit,strict,subordinated
~xelaxla v n redefine/redefinition
gansakuTrebiT adv chief(ly),(e)specially,ex-
ceptionally,exclusively,most important-
ly,namely,in particular,particularly,sin-
gularly,specifically,largerly
gansakuTrebulad adv especially,particula-
rly
gansakuTrebuli adj distinctive,exclusive,ex-
quisite,extraordinary,outstanding,parti-
cular,special,specific,emphasized,pre-
eminent for certain reasons,singular
 სარჩევი
~mniSvnelobis sth of exclusive/paramount
importance/interest
gansakuTrebuloba n exclusiveness,exclusi-
vity
gansveneba v lie to rest
gansasvenebeli n resting place, shrine
gansacdeli n disaster,misfortune,the trial(s),
trouble(s)
gansawmendeli n Purgatory
gansaxiereba v n image,embody(ment),per-
form(ance),represent(ation)
gansaxierebuli adj embody(incarnate,perfo-
rm(ed)
gansaxilvelad adv for review
gansaxilveli(a) sth is to be discussed/under
discussion
gansaxleba v ger settle/settling
gansvenebuli n adj dead,departed,expired
aw ~ the late
ganswavla n ger scholarship,train(ing)
~bibliaSi (sb) verse(d) in the Bible
~Rrmad deep/profound education
ganswavluli n adj sb (deeply)educated,
sb trained
Rrmad ~ sb profound/deeply educated
gansxeuleba v n embody(ment)
gansxeulebuli adj embodied
gansxvavdeba v sb/sth contrasts with sth,diff-
ers/diverges from,is at variance
~droSi differs in time
~TvisebiT ~ in quality
~ramisgan sth stands in(sharp)contrast to sth
~raRaciT sth contrasting from sth with sth
~Zireulad sb/sth differs in essential way
gansxvaveba n v contrast/difference,discrepa-
ncy,dissimilarity,distinction,divergen-
ce,oddness,differentiate,distinguish,
be at odds with sth,contrast,inequa-
lity,otherness
~mdgomareobs difference consists in…
gansaxavebiT adv in divergence from..,in con-
trast to sth,by way of contrast,ap-
art from..,unlike sth
~ramisgan/raRacisgan quite apart from..,
by/in contrast with/to sth,in contra-
dictionto..,unlike (of) sth
~sxvebisgan unlike the other examples
gansxvavebuli adj contrasted/contrasting,di-
fferent/differing,distinct(ive),disparate,
dissimilar to,discrepant,diverse,diver-
gent,distinguishing,odd,unlike,unusual
~warmomavlobis sth of diverse origin,sth
of other than (certain) origin
37
gansxvavebuloba n difference,distinctiveness
gansja v n judge(ing)(ment), view
gantotvili adj branchy
ganuviTarebeli adj undeveloped
ganuzomlad adv immeasurably
ganuzomeli adj immeasurable
ganukurnebeli adj incurable
ganumeorebeli adj exceptional,extraordina-
ry,incomparably,outstanding,remark-
able,unequaled,unexampled,unique,
unparalleled,unprecedented
ganurCevlad adv indiscriminately,indistingui-
shably
ganusazRvreli adj indefinite,not attributed
(defined/determined),indistinguishable
undefined,unidentified,unspecified,in-
distinct
ganusxvavebeli adj indistinguishable
ganusxvaveblad adv indistinguishably
ganuyofeli adj inseperable,integral,undivid-
ed
~nawili ramisa n counterpart,the essenti-
als
ganuwyvetliv adv continually
ganuxorcielebeli adj impracticable,irreali-
zable
ganfena v n lay out,radiate(ion)
ganfenili adj lied out,layered,radiated
ganqorwineba v n divorse
ganyofileba n body,branch,department,
unit
~krebulSi n section
ganSla(ni) n front view(s)
ganSoreba v ger part(ing)
~sulisa sxeulTan v n divorse
ganStoeba n branch(ing),extention,offshoot
ganCineba n precept, verdict
gancalkeveba v n isolate/separate(ion),grow
apart
gancalkevebiT adv be apart of sb/sth,separ-
ately
~dgas/mdgomi sth stands/standing apart
gancalkevebuli adj isolated,(semi)detach-
ed,separated,sole
gancda n excitement,experience,feeling
~sulieri n experience, trial
gancxadeba v n advertise(ment),appeal,infor-
m(ation),proposition,report,statement,
proclamation,pronouncement
gancxroma v n amuse/enjoy(ment),delight,
pleasure
ganZze nadiroba n treasure hunt(ing)
ganZTsacavi n the Treasury,thesaurus/the-
 სარჩევი
sauri (n sing/pl Lat),treasure house
ganZi n treasure
~mravalnivTiani great number hoard
~ucnobi treasure trove
~fulis n hoard
ganZis maZiebeli(monadire) n treasure hun-
ter
~mcveli n treasurer
~samalavi n hideway
~Camarxva/dafvla v dig,hide
~Segroveba v treasure
ganwiruli adj condemn/doom(ed),be bound
to do sth
~akeTo rame be bound to do sth
ganwmenda n v ger ablution,cleancing,purge
(ing),purify,purification(s)
~monaniebiT v expiate
~msxverplSewirviT v n lustrate(ion)
ganwyoba n mood,sense, temper
~winaswari v n predispose/predisposition
ganWvreta v n adj contemplate/predict(ion),
discern,foresee(able)
~winaswar v n adj (fore)sight/tell,predict
(able)(ion)
ganxeTqileba v n chasm=chism between,di
sagree(ment)discord(ance),disrupt(ion)
split
ganxeTqilebis vaSli apple of discord, bone
of contention
~Semomtani n disenter
ganxilva v n confer,contemple,consider,de-
al with,debate,,discuss,examine(ation),
(re)view,reason,scrutinize,treat(ment),
councel,judgement,reason with sb,reck-
on(ing),treat(ment),judge,counsel,reckon
~xelaxla v n reconsider(ation)
ganxiluli adj dealt with,debate(discuss,ex-
amine,treat,(re)view)(ed)
~zemoT/winaswar sth previously discussed
ganxorcieleba v n accomplish/fulfil(ment),
bring to fruition,effect,enjoy,implement/
realize(ation),promote(ion),exercise
~proeqtis v n implement(ation),launch
~Zalauflebis v exrcise power/one‟s auth-
ority
ganjina n alcove,cupboard
gaogneba v adj dazzle,startle(d) by sth
gaoTxmageba v quadruple
gaoreba=1:2 v n bifurcate/bifurcation
gaorebuli adj two-fold
gaormageba=1x2 v ger entwist,(re)double(ing)
twin(ing)
gaormagebuli adj entertwisted,(re)double/
38
twin(ed),binary
gapartaxeba v n disolate/devastate(ion),
gapartaxebuli adj devastated
gapentva v ger beat(ing)
gapentili adj beaten
gapirovneba v allot, assign
=pirovnebad qceva v n personify/person-
ification
gapoba v ger cleave/crack(ing),split
gapobili adj cracked, cleft,split
gaprialeba v ger glaze(gloss,poilish,rub(ing)
up
gaprialebuli adj polished, rubbed
gaJleta v n massacre
gaJonva v n filter into/through,infiltrate(ion),le-
leak out
gaJRenTva v imbue,oil,soak,steep
gaJRenTili adj imbue(oil,soak,waterlog)(ed)
garantirebuli adj guarantee(d),warrant sth
gardamavali adj intermediate,intervening,pa-
ssing from…to..,transitional
~mdgomareoba (take) an intermediate stand
~mTavroba provisional government
~periodi passing, transitional
gardamoxsna v n deposit(ion),descend from
the Cross
=tilo Shroud of Christ
gardasaxva v n (re)incarnate(ion),transform
(ation) into sth
gardasaxuli adj (re)incarnated,transformed
gardatexa n crisis,critical moment,sudden
change,turning point
gardauvali adj imminent,inescapable,inevi-
table,inavoidable
garduvlad=gardauvalad adv inevitably
gardaqmna v n change,convert/convention,
precreate/transform(ation) into…
gardaqmnili adj change(convert,transform)
(ed)
gardaqmnis xana transformational era
gardacvaleba v n ger cross the Great Di-
vide/Stygian,death,depart(ure),lifeli-
ving,expire,perish,pass away,demise
~moulodneli a sudden pass
~udroo premature demise
gardacvalebis Semdeg/Semdgomi adj adv
posthumous(ly)
~dideba/saxeli ~ fame
gardacvlili(ix.aw...) adj dead,decease/de-
depart(ed)
gardi-gardmo adv transverse
gare adv external,exterior,out(er)(lying)(most),
outside
 სარჩევი
~sivrce exterior space
garegani adj extrinsic
garegnoba n appearance,countenance
~uRimRamo humble/modest ~
garegnobiT... adv in appearance
garegnulad adv in appearance/general out-
line,extrinsically,seemingly,visually
garegnuli adj external
~gansxvaveba difference,sty differing in sha-
pe(design,form)
~iersaxe n appearance,design principle
~niSani/niSnebi n sing/pl features(s)
~niSnebiT sb/sth in external attributes
garedan adv from/on outside,on the exterior
gareT adv in open air,on the exterior,on the
outside
gareva v ger implicate mix(ing)
gareT(a) adj adv exterior,external,out(er)(si-
de)(wards)
garemo n environment(s),midst,milieux/milien
(Fr),scenery,setting,sphere,surroundings,
setting
~bunebrivi/Cveuli n habitat
~kulturuli cultural ambience
~nayofieri favourable circumstances
~saTanado/nayofieri favourable circumst-
ances
~usiamo/qariani/civi bleak landsacape
~xelsayreli comfort zone
garemoebaTa gamo adv because/on occasi
on of (certain) circumstance(s)
~gaTvaliswinebiT after considering certa-
in circumstances
~damTxveva juncture of ~
~mixedviT depending on ~
garemoeba(ni) n sing/pl circumstance(mom-
ent,occasion,situation)(s)
~ojaxuri (due to) family circumstances
~Semarbilebeli extentuating ~
garemos damcveli n environmentalist
~dacviTi adj environmental
garemoSi Cawerili adj inserted in environ-
ments
garesamyaro n outside world, exterior
garesamyarosTan dakavSirebuli adj sb/
sth linked with the exterior (in the direct-
ion of sth)
gareubani n outskirt(s), suburb
gareuli adj savage,wild
~rameSi vinme adj sb involve(d) in sth
gareSe adj beyond,external,extraneous
garToba v n amuse(enjoy,entertain)(ment)
39
garTuleba v n complicate(ion),enchance
(ment),hamper,hinder
garTulebuli adj complicated,involved
garTuli adj be engrossed/involved in
doing sth
garTxmuli/garTxma(Zirs) adj v n pros-
trate(ion)
garigeba v n agree(ment),pact,treaty
garideba saSiSroebas v ger flee(ing)
gariJraJi n daybreak
gariskva v n risk,run the risk of+gerund,
take a plug,venture
gariyva v run aground,supplant
gariyuli adj marginal,supplanted
garicxva v n expel,expulsion
garkveva v n clarify/clarification,clear up,de-
termine(ation),elucidate,explain,identify,
shed light on sth
~situaciaSi have to come to terms with
sth
garkveviT adv clearly,definitely,distinctly,dire-
ctly
garkveulad adv certainly,distinctly
garkveuli adj certain,clear/clarified,consid-
erable,distinct,precise
garkveulia adj sth is clear/clarified
garkveuloba n clarity,distinctness
garkveulwilad adv in certain/some ways
garnizoni(ix.cixioni) n garrison
garnituri n mounting,set,suite,garniture(Fr)
gars... adv (a)round
~akravs sth encloses sth
~uvlis teritorias v circuit,(en)copass,
fring(ing) N area,rim
~WurWels v rim
garsakravi n foil,sheathing
garsi(ix.feradi) n coat,cover,jacket,shell
garsSemovlebuli adj bordered(enclosed/
enclosing)with,encompassed
garsSemosavleli n aisle,ambulatory,area-
way,walking around area
garRveva v n advance,breakthrough,make
breakthrough,rip,undo,unstitch
~alyis/dacvis v breach, break
~mcdeloba make a breakthrough/thrust to
~saqmeSi v break through,tour de force (Fr)
garRveuli adj ripped, undone
garyvna v carnalize,subvert
garyvnili adj vicious
garSemo adv around,surrounding
garSemortyma v encircle,enclose,encompass
girdle about,surround by sb/sth
garSemortymuli adj encircle(enclose,surr-
 სარჩევი
ound)(ed),surrounding,encompassed
garSemoweriloba n circuit of,around/in cir-
cumference, girth
garCeva v discern,distinguish,perceive
~SeiZleba sth can be discerned/distingui-
shed
~Znelia sth is indistinguishable from sth
gasaazreblad adv for considering sth
gasagebi(a) adj clear,comprehensible,intel-
ligible,luminous,relevant,tangible,
understandable
gasakviri adj astonishing,surprising
gasamagreblad adv for strengthening of sth
gasamagrebeli adj fix(fortify,reinforce,streng-
then,support)(ing)
gasamarTleba v n judge,a trial on sb
gasammageba v triple
gasammagebuli adj triple(d),threefold
gasamrjelo n allowance,fee,salary,wages
gasamrjelos mopoveba v earn money
gasanTvla v ger wax(ing)
gasanTluli adj waxed, waxy
gasaocari adj astonish(embarrase,surprise,
strike)(ing)
gasaocrad adv embarrassingly,surprisingly,
strikingly,unequaly
gasarkvevi adj sth needing/needs clarification/
needs to be clarified
gasarCevi adj identifiable
~aSkarad clearly ~
~Znelad indistinguishable from sth
gasasvleli n alley(gang/passage)way,corri-
dor,cross(ing),exit
~Senobebs Soris n areaway
gasaRebi n key
=amoxsna key to
~saidumlosi v n clue
gasayari n ridge beam of the roof
gasayidi adj goods bound to market
~fasi selling price
gasacvlelad/gasacvleli adv adj sth
for exchange
gasawmendad advili adj easily cleansable
gasaWiri n crisis,difficulty,trouble(s)
~daZleva overcome an ordeal/pallor of death
~momakvdinebeli the pallor of death
gasaxdeli(ix.abano) n cloack room
gasaxleba v n banish(ment) from..,deport-
(ation), oust
gasdevs v sth runs along/parallel,sth running
from…to…
gasvla(ix.gariyva) v go out
40
~napirze v go ashore
gasigrZeganeba v realize
gasinjva=sinjva/cda v ger try(out),test(ing)
~samedicino v ger examine,probe(ing)
gasrola v fire,shoot,throw
gasuli adj last,past
~weli n adj yesteryear
gasqeleba v ger thicken(ing)
gasceniureba v stage-craft
gaswvriv adv along(the course), lengthwise
~miwasTan ravages of sth
~RerZis along axis
gaswvrivi adj long
gasworeba v n ger correct(ion),align,even,
level(line,make)(ing) up,right,rectify
~miwasTan n pl usu. ravages of sb
gasworebuli adj corrected,leveled,made
up,rectified
gaswreba(ix.win) v outstrip,surpass
~droSi v antedate,predate,presede
gasxvla v ger lop off, prune(ing)
gatana v n carry away,export(ion),remove,ta-
ke out
gataceba n be mad about sth,passion,predi-
lection
~adamianis v ger capture,kidnap/steal(ing)
=motaceba v n abduct(ion) of sb
~ramiT/SromiT adj be carried away,eng-
rossed,inclined
gatenili adj packed with sth
gatexva v n ger break(age)(ing)
~sulierad v adj downheart(ed),prostrate
gatexili adj broken/breakage
gatoleba v equate with sb/sth, match
gatyaveba v fell, scrape
gatyianeba v n aforest(ation)
gauareseba v n become worse,deteriorate
(ion),come down,worsen
~stilis/formis v n deteriorate(ion)
gaubedavi/gaubedavad adj adv indecisive(ly)
~moqmedeba v falter
gaubraloeba v n debase(ment)
gaugebari adj ambiguous,incomprehensible
involved,obscure,uncertain,unclear,weired
gaugebrad adv ambiguously,inclearly
gaugebroba n conflict,misconsept(ion),mis-
understand(ing)(s)
gaugonari adj unprecedent(ed)
gaugrZelebloba v adj n discontinue,dis-
continuesness
gaudabureba v ravages of sth
gauvali adj impenetrable(ness)
 სარჩევი
gauvnebelyofa v n neutralize/neutralization
gauTavebeli adj continual,endless,inexhaus-
tible
gauTvaliswinebeli adj sth not considered,
(un)foreseen(expected,predictable,
suspected)
gauTvaliwineblad adv without consider-
ing sth,unexpectedly
gauTvaliswinebloba n override sth
gauTleli adj coarse,rough
gaukacrieleba v n abandon(ment),depopu-
late(ion),depletion,desert,devastate
gaukacrielebuli adj abandone(depopula-
te,desert,devastate)(ed),depletion
gaumarTaoba n sth in disorder/direpair
gaumarTlebeli adj sth that cannot be
justified,sth unjustified
gaumaZRari adj insatiable,voracious appetite
~Zarcva rapacious plunder
gaumaZRrad adv insatiably
gaumaZRroba n insatiability
gaumaZRrad adv insatiably
gaumjobeseba v n improve(ment),modify/mo-
dification,cultivate(ion),recover(y),
refine(ment),rectify,enrich(ment),
heighten,ameliorate
gaunaTlebeli adj ignorant
gaunaTlebloba n ignorance
gaurkveveli adj abstract,ambiguous,eratic,il-
legible,insignificant,indefinite,indistinct,
mysterious,not determined/identified,ob-
scure,unclear,uncertain,unidentified,un-
known,intricate
~daniSnulebis sth of uncertain/unknown
use
~sfero bizarre area
~(xel)naweri illegible/indecipherable ma-
nuscript/writing
gaurkvevlad adv ambiguously,illegibly,obs-
curely
gaurkvevloba n ambiguity,discrepancy,ob-
scurity,(sth Is a) grey area,uncertainty,
tangle(d)(n v adj)
gaurkvevlobaSi CaZiruli dormant in ob-
curity
~Cakarguli dwindled in obscurity
~CaZiruli dormant ~ ~ (ed)
gausworde vinmes v deal with sb,dispatch
gauswordes=gautoldes v match
gautexeli adj unbowed
gauferuleba v n discolor(ate)(ion),wither
gauqmeba v n abolish/abolition,annul(ation),
call off,cease to function,cancel,die away,
41
defeat,nullify,rescind,reverse,stop
gauqmebuli adj abolish(annule,cancel,cease
to function,nullify,reverse,stop)(ed),died
away
gauyo=uwilado v share
gauZlo v weather
gauwafavi adj amateur,prentice hand,raw,
unskillful/unskilled
gauwafavoba n unskilfulness
gauwonasworebeli adj erratic, not balan-
ced
gauxednavi adj unbroken
gafantva v n dispel,disperse/dispersal,diss-
minate(ion),scatter,spread,strew across,
throw about
gafantulad adv isolated,separately
gafantuli adj disperse(disseminate,scatter
(ed) about/over,spread,thrown about
gafarToeba v n ger amplify/amplification,
enlarge(ment),expand(ing),flear out,
splay,widen,broaden,evolve,extend
~miRma extend beyond sth
gafarToebuli adj amplify(enlarge,expand,
extend,splay,widen)(ed),flear(ing)
gafermkrTaleba v fade, pale
gafermkrTalebuli adj faded, pale
gafiltvra/gafiltruli v adj filter(ed)
gaflangva v waste
gaflanguli adj squandered,wasted
gaformeba Zunwad/Zunwi sth modest(ly) or-
namentation/ornamented,decoration/
decorated
gafrena(ix.buzi) v n fly
= manZili n flight
gafrenili=mfrinavi adj flying
gafrTxileba v n caution, warn(ing) aga-
inst sth
gafurCqvna v n flourish
gafufqva v n scald
gafuWeba v n damage,decay,deteriorate(ion)
deprecate,ravages of sb,spoil
gafuWebuli adj damage(decay,deprecate)
(ed),spoiled/spoilt
gafcqvna v ger peel(ing), shell(ing)
gafcqvnili adj peeled, shelled
gafxviereba/gafxvierebuli v adj loosen
gaqalaqeba=qalaqad qceva v n urbanize(at-
ion)
gaqvaveba v n fossil(ize)(ation),harden,lapidi-
fy,pertify,turn to stone
gaqvavebuli adj fossilize(harden,lapidify)(ed)
turned to stone
 სარჩევი

gaqristianeba(ix.moqceva) v n Christenize/ preted

Christenization,convert to Christianity gaSiSvleba v n denude(ation),dismantle,ex-
gaqristianebuli adj Chrisenized/Christen- pose/exposure
ed,converted to Christianity gaSiSvlebuli adj (de)nude(d),dismant-
gaqroba v come to an end,cease to exist,dec- led
cay,decline,die away/out,disappear,ebb, gaSla v n deploy(ment),diffuse(ion),distribu-
(become)extinct,extinguish,fade out,go- te(ion),expand,unfold
ne,pass from the scene,vanish,wipe off, ~Temis v evolve
wither gaSlili adj expanded,open,spread onto/
~srulad lape completely over
gaqrobis piras on the way to extinction,die ~did sivrceze adj wideranging
~saSiSroebasth is in danger of disappearing gaSotili adj be flat on one‟s back,extended
gaquculi adj lean stretched,supine
gaqceva v allude sb/sth,escape,flee,run,take gaSroba v ger air(ing),dessicate, dry(ing)
flight gaSuqeba v throw a light on.., cover widely in
gaqceuli adj escaped,fleeing, running the literature,enlighten
~cixidan n fugitive gaCaReba(ix.omis) v burst of sth
gaRaribeba/gaRatakeba v n impoverish(ed) ~cecxlis v make a fire
(ment) gaCena v advent,birth/rise of sth,come to being,
gaReba v ger open(ing), unseal emerge,generate,make appearance,
~mowyalebis v n ger donate(ion),give/ proliferate,spring up,start off
render(ing) =dabadeba ramis give rise to the birth
gaRviveba v light,,kindle,make a fire ~saWiroebis need arise,originate
a fire ~swrafad fast emerging
gaRma adv prep across,beyond,at the oppo- gaCenamde adv before the advent of sth
site bank gaCenisTanave adv from the first emergence
gaRmerTeba v n diefy/deification,divinize,ho- gaCexva(ix.Cexva) v clear, fell
idolize=idolose(ation),homage,worship gaCexili adj cleared, felled
gaRmerTebuli adj deified, worshipped gaCveuli adj familiar(ity) with sth
gaRrmaveba v deepen,enhance,exacerbate, gaCnda v appeared,emerged
make deep(er) gaCorkna v ger hew(ing)
gaRrmavebuli adj deepened gaCorknili adj hewn
gaRunva v ger bend(ing), warp(ing) gacalkeveba v n detach(ment),disarticulate/
gaRunuli adj bent, warped disarticulation
gayalbeba v n ger falsify/falsification,fabri- gacdena(ix.acdena) v miss
cate(ion) forge(ing),mimic sth gacdunebs v sth is tempting
=is, rac yalibdeba folsifiable gacelili mtrisgan(qveyana) swathes of N
gayalbebuli adj falsified, forged land
gayidva v n ger market/sell(ing) gacema v give, render
gayinva(ix.xana) v ger freeze(ing) gacveTa v decripite,rub,wear out, wither
gayinuli adj frozen gacveTili adj deteriorated,rubbed,worn
gayola v follow down/out
gayofa v n divide/division,separate(ion) ~kide/piri abride(d) edge(s)
~Tanabrad v ger halve(ing) ~fraza hackneyed phrase
=uwilado vinmes v share ~xmarebiT overuse(d)
=gamoyofa v apportion out to sb gacveTiloba n decrepitude
gaSaveba v ger blacken(ing) gacvla v n barter, exchange
gaSavebuli adj blackened ~saCuqrebis gift exchange
gaSveba v release gacvlili adj exchanged
gaSverili win adj protrude(ing) in front gacvlis kursi exchange rate=rate of ~
gaSifvra v n code-breaking,decode,decip- gaciveba v ger chill(ing)
here(ment),interpret(ation) gacivebuli adj cool,cold,hardened,rigid
gaSifruli adj decoded,deciphered,inter-

42
 სარჩევი
gacnoba v acquaint,make acquaintance,get
acquainted with sb,become familiar with
sb/sth,introduce/ontroduction
~adgilis get to know a locality
gacnobiTi adj introductory
gacofebuli adj frenzied
gacocxleba v n animate(ion),back from the
death,breath the life, bring back to life,en-
liven,nourish,revitalize(ation),regain,revive,
vivify/vivification,infuse deceased with life
~bibl. come back to life,restore(ation) alive
gacocxlebuli adj animated,regained,revi-
talilized,revived,restored alive
gacra v screen, sieve, sift
gacrili adj screened, sifted
gacxadeba v allege,claim,contend sth,voice,
argue,manifest
gacxovelebuli adj active,brisk,bustling,ex-
tensive
gaZarcva v depredation of sb,loot,plunder,ra-
nsack,ravages of sb,rob
gaZarculi adj loot(plunder,ransack,rob)(ed)
gaZeveba v banish from, expel,ouster of sb
gaZvaleba v n ossify/ossification
gaZleba v endure,last,weather,withstand
gaZliereba v n amplify,back up,become
more intence,empower,enhance,entren-
ch,escalate(ion),fortify,fuel,grow topro-
minence,make stronger,reinforce(ment),
accelerate(ion),be on the rise,rise to pro-
minence,strengthen,support
gaZlierebuli adj amplified,backed up
empowered,enhanced,escalated,fortif-
ied,fueled,reinforced,strengthened,sup-
ported,exacerbated
gaZneleba v n hinder(ance)
gaZRola v carry out,conduct,head,hold,lead,
manage,run sth
gawafva v ger master(ing),skill
gawafuli adj sb advanced in doing sth,
handy,mastered,skilled
~xeli dub hand,skilful fingers
gawafuloba v n skill
gawevrianeba v n incorporate(ion)
gawvda xelis v hold out,outstretch,stretch
forward
~saqmes v n manage(ment)
gawvdili adj held out,outstretched,stretched
forward,protrude in front
gaweva v n (re)move,traction
~ukan v move back
~ ~ =mofareba v overshadow
~Sromis v n invest(ment (of) labour
43
gawelva v lengthen, make sth longer,stretch
gawelili adj lengthened,made longer,protr-
acted
gawveva v recrute
~ ukan vinmesi/ramis call off on(some re-
ason),challenge,move back,
recrute from,reverse
gawvrileba (ramis) v battice,taper(ing)
gawirva v condemn,doom, leave to the mer-
cy of fate
~marcxisTvis inflict defeat on sb/sth
gawmenda v n ger clean(ing),cleance,purify/
purification,(re)furbish,rectify
gawola v ger lie,lying
gawolili adj lying,stretched
gawonasworeba v n (counter)balance
gawonasworebuli adj (well) balanced
gawurva v strain,wring
gawydoma v come to an end, die out
gawyveta v break of sth
~tradiciis break of tradition
~xalxis n pl usu. depredations of sb
gawyoba v n adorn(ment),decorate(ion),furnish
~sufris v serve
gaWedva=CaWedva v be stuck,instuck,impact
gaWvartluli adj smutty, sooty
gaWianureba v n procrastinate(ion),protract
gaWimva v alongate,extend
gaWirveba n pl difficulty(es),hardship(s),endu-
rance,pallor,privations,trouble(s)
gaWirvebaSi Cavardna v plung into…
gaWirvebidan gamoyvana v carry sb through
troubles
gaWirvebiT adv painstakingly,with difficulty
gaWirvebisas adv at sb‟s hour of need
gaWra v ger cut(ing)
gaWyleta v squeeze
gaxangrZliveba v prolonge
~drois alongate,long
gaxda v become, take off
~cnobili vinme came to prominence
gaxedna v break in,manage(able)
gaxexva v ger rub(ing)
gaxexili adj abrasion, rubbed
gaxvreta v hole,perforate,pierce,prick,spike
gaxvretili adj holed,perforated,pierced,
pricked,spiked
gaxleCa v ger crack(ing),split
gaxmaureba=gaxmianeba v publicize, voice
gaxmoba(balaxis/naTesis) v wither
gaxrwna v decay,mould away/down,perish
gaxseneba v recall sth,remember,remind
 სარჩევი

gaxsna v open,uncover,undo,unearth,unseal, gemo n v taste for sth,relish

unveil ~icodnen had taste for sth
~saidumlosi v break a secret, crack(ing) gemovneba n taste
~xelaxla v ger re-open(ing) ~ mdare chaste taste
gaxsnili adj open(ed),uncovered,unearthed, ~mxatvruli artistis ~
unsealed,unveiled ~natifi good ~
~bolo loose end gemsaSeni n shipyard
~ramisTvis sb/sth open to sth genealogia n adj genealogy
gaxuneba v ger fade(ing) genealogiuri xe n family tree
gaxunebuli adj discoloured,faded,tarnished genezisi n sing/pl Lat. genesis/geneses
gaxureba v ger anneal,heat(ing) geni n gene, sing/pl Lat. gens/gentis
gaxurebuli adj annealed,heated genia n d(a)emon
gajavreba v n be angry of/with sth/sb,anger ~niWi n the genius
gajereba v imbue,impregnate,replete with sth genialuri adj genius of sth
~ramiT touch with sth genialuroba n genius
gegma(ix.generaluri,samuSao,Sors) n con- geniosi n sing/pl Lat. genius/genii
cept,design,device,draft,plan,plot, geodezia n land survey
project,stratrgy geodezisti(ix.topografi) n leveler
~badisebri grid-plan layout geometriuli adj geometric(al)
~generaluri general plan, master plot georgina n dahlia
~kvadratuli squarish in plan gerbTmcodne n herald
~logikuri coherent plan gerbTmcodneoba n heraldry
~samnawiliani tripartite ~ gerbi=Rerbi n arms
~senakisebri cell-plan bulding ~farze n coat of arms
~situaciuri area sketch,environmental gerbiani=Rerbiani adj stamped
record,sketch location/plan,site re- gva(ix.dagva) v ger sweep(ing)
cord,sketch location/plan,site plan gvagonebs v recalls,resembles
~sworxazovani rectiliar plan
~Zalian closely resembles/resembling
~Sekruli/Semkvreli agglutinative plan
gvavaraudebinebs siggest(ing)(s) sth
~winaswar Sedgenili predetermined ~
gvaiZulebs v sty makes/reinforces to do sth
~jgufuri clustered ~
~vivaraudoT sth reinforces to view that…
gegmaze datana v ger plot(ing)
gvalva n arid spell=Younger Dryas,arid per-
gegmazomieri adj regular, systematic
od,drought
gegmareba(ix.gegma) n layout,planning gvalviani adj droughty,dry,hard baked
~swori/xazovani regular plan/layout naxevrad ~ semiarid
~Wadrakuli chess(board)/chequered plan gvami(ix.uxrwneli) n corpse
gegmarebiT,gegmiT,gegmaSi n adv in plan gvamcnobs v indicates(informs,reports)
gegmis ganxorcieleba v n implement(ation gvari(ix.muxli,sxvadasxva,Sto) n family/
~SemuSaveba v design(devise,nurture) a plan last name,clan
~Sesruleba v carry out a ~ ~mamis saxelidan/warmomavlobis maC-
gezi n rout venebeli n patronymic (name)
geizeri/geizeruli n adj geiser(ic) ~qaliSvilobis maiden name
gela(xelsawyo) n poker gvarianad adv considerably,fairly,generously
gelazi n oilpess,oil stone gvariT naTesaoba n descent relationship
gem(m)a n gem(m),gem-cutting,gemma/gem- gvaris adj clan
mae sing/pl Lat. ~muxli n decent
gemTmSenebloba n marine engineering ~fuZemdebeli n progenitor
gemi(s) n adj ship(„s), vessel ~Camomavali n descendant
~satvirTo n cargo gvarianad adv good deal
~ConCxi n hull gvariSviloba n ancestry
~cxviri n prow gvarovnuli adj clan
~ ~ Semkuli n sing/pl Lat. rostrum/rostra Sida ~ adj intraclan

44
 სარჩევი

gvarwmunebs v convinces gviambobs v recounts, tells,the story goes

gvatyobinebs v informs that…
gvafiqrebinebs v suggest(ing)(ive)(s),suppo- ~teqsti/warwera (text/inscription) runs as
se/think that..,provides grounds to think… followes…
gvawvdis v offers,provides sb with sth,provid- gvianmosuli adj latecomer
ing sth,shows gvibiZgebs v sth hints/leads to…
gvaxsenebs v reminds gvimi(ix.Wa) n shell of well
gvela(si) n adj serpentine gvimra/gvimris n adj fern
gveleSapi n dragon ~tyis n adj Asplenium rutamurraria,Ophiog-
~frTiani n wivern=wyvern lossum vulgatum,Adiantum,Poly-
gvelTava adj snake-headed stichum
gveli(s) v adj snake( „s) gvirabi(s) n tunnel
=adamiani n serpent ~gaWra v drive a ~
~ena n tang ~kari postern gate
~tyavis gamocvla v molt gvirgvini n corona,crown,garland,headband,
~wiwili n young snake herms
gvelisebri=gveliseburi adj snaky ~saqmis coping stone
gvelsaxe adj snake face(d) ~Senobis n coping
gvergvi(ix.xatisuReli) n coil,collar,hoop, gvirgviniani adj crowned
neck-ring/torque gvirgviniT Semkoba v lie a wreath on crown
gverdela adj crooked,lopsided,oblique gvirgvinis dadgma v n crown,coronation
gverdze adv adjacently,close/next to, near ~dabruneba recover crown
~gadadeba leave(put/set) aside ~dawvna v braid
~gadaxra tilt ~mopoveba v take the throne
~gasdevs/misdevs followes =jvriswera v wedding ceremony
~gaweva v push aside gvirgvinisebri adj coronal
zed ~ at(on/over) the side gvirgvinosan(ni) adj (the) crowned(heads)
gverdi n face,flank,folio page,side gvirila(ix.ZaRlisqinZa) n adj comomile
~swori straight side ~gzispirebis n adj cloveleaf,mastricaria
~wiboiani carinated/inverted side Lat.
gverdi-gverd adv abreast,juxtaposed,side ~mindvris n adj ox-eye daisy
by side ~samkurnalo n adj Arctic comomile
gverdiT adv abreast,alongside,at the side of, gviristi v n stitch
beside,hereabouts,next to,there imm- gviCvenebs v demonstrates,documents,exhi-
edialy,in the direct vicinity bits,indicates,illustrates,represents,
~dadeba v juxtaposed performs,displays,shows,suggests
gverdiTi adj adjacent,adjoining,flank(ing), gvxvdeba(ix.saxeli,Cveulebriv) v sth is
lateral,side encountered(found,known,seen),occurs
=mimdebare adjacent to sth gza n high/roadway,road,rout,traffic,trip,via/
~mniSvneloba connotation track,viae(sing/pl Lat.),way
~nageboba contiguous structure ~aRorZinebis revitalizing routs
~xedi side-on rendering ~vinmes cxovrebis=kariera becom(ing)
gverdis avla v avoid,escape,ignore,leave, sb
leave(ing) aside ~zRvis/sazRvao sea lines/routs,seaways
~aSia=mindori n margin; ~mixveul-moxveuli winding road
~bolos SeniSvna n footnote ~navali beaten track
gverdulad adv sidevise ~oRro-CoRro bumpy,full of holes,ruttled ro-
gverdSezneqili adj concavesided, ogee ad, tortous
gverdSi dgoma v back sb ~savaWro=saqaravno trade road/rout
gverCacelili adj side-notched ~samdinaro river road/rout,waterway
gverdxedi n side elevation/view,side-on ren- ~samxedro military rout/highway
dering ~saurme cart-track

45
 სარჩევი

~saxmeleTo land/valley road/rout(s),plain ~ gliptikosi n gluptikos Gr.

~ukana return journey glova v n adj greeve/mourn for/over,grief
~ukanaskneli last journey glovaSi adv in mourning
~SemovliTi detour, roundabout glovis dRe n (observe) a day of mourning
~SemoqmedebiTi career gluvi adj even, smooth
~Sua halfway,midway(down the road) gmanva v caulk
~Celtis road of brushwood gmani n caulk(ing) crown
~cudi heavy road gmiri(s) n adj hero(ine)( „s)
~cxovrebis becoming sb ~kulti n hero-cult
~Zelfenili log-paved/wooden foot pas- ~mTavari n central character
sage ~nawarmoebis n character
~xeobaSi defile, ridgeway gmiroba n enduring feat,heroism
gzad=gavliT adv by way of… via… gmiroba(ni) n pl deed(s),exploit(s),heroism
gzavnili n letter, message gmiruli adj epic, heroic
gzamkvlevi n itinerary, road map gmoba(ix.RvTis) v abuse
gzas acdena v go(lead.run) astray gmobiT adv deplorably
gzatkecili n highway gnoma n Gr. gnome
gzaSi adv along the way, en rout (Fr) gobeleni n gobelin, tapestry(work)
gzawvrili n foot passage, trackway gogirdovani adj hydrogen
gzajvaredini n crossroad(s), intersection ~wyali sulphide water
gzebi n pl. usu. Lines,ways gogona n girl, maiden
gzidan gadaxveva kamaTisas disgress to dis- gogra/gogris n adj pumpkin,squanche,
cuss squash=Cucurbita maxima Lat,
gziT=saSualebiT adv through sth ~orSimo n adj gourd
gzis asaqcevi n detour godebav n ger adj lament,mourn(ing),screed
~gakvalva v inch one‟s way through,lay/pa- godoli n tower
ve the way for… ~galavanSi n turret
~gakafva v make way to… ~kedlis sangrevi n sing/pl Lat. helep-
~gakeTeba=mgzavroba make (a) track olis/helepolim
~gakvleva v elbow(find,force) one‟s way ~calke mdgomi n keep
~gamkvalavi n sb leading the way godori(ix.kalaTi) n basket
~gaswvriv adv along road(s) godoryuri n fish-trap
~gayvana v raise the road golgoTa n Calvary
~dageba v pave,plank goliaTi n giant
~mosaxvevi n bend,curve,turning ~bibliuri n Goliath
gzispira/gzispiri adj road/wayside goliaTuri adj gigantic
gzispirebSi adv at the roadside gomi/gomuri n enclosure
gigantic/giganturi n giant,gigant(ic) gomuri=sacxovrisi n pit-house
gildia n guild gonio n goniometer, square
gimnazia n gymnasia gora(ki) n hill(lock),rise
giorgobisa(ix.noemberi,tirisdeni,tiris- gorgolaWi n castor
koni) n November gorda(ix.xmali) n sword
girCa/girCis n adj fir-cone gorva v ger roll(ing)
gisosebi=cxauri n adj lattice work gofrirebuli adj corrugated
giSeri/giSris=saTi(s) n adj gagate,jade, goSia=mliqvneli/morCili n hanchman
jet gragnili n roll, scroll
gladiatorTa adj gladiatorial gradacia n gradation, scale
gladiatori n gladiator graviura n engraving, print
glaukonituri adj glauconitic graki=grakla=grakli=brawixe n adj Lat.
glemurZi(ix.tyavi)=kanqveSa qoni n fat Spirala (mc)
glexi n countryman,farmer,farmhand,peasant granat-piropi(s) n adj garnet-pyropus/pi-
gliptika n glyptic,gliptique ropi

46
 სარჩევი

grandiozuli adj immence, superb guda-nabadi n pl usu belongings

grandiozuloba n immencity gudastviri n pl usu bagpipes
grafi(ix.aznauri)(kaci/qali) n count(ess) gudura n bundle
grafika/grafikuli n adj graphic,line draw- guTani n plough (Br),plow (Am)
ing ~gasawevi n traction plough
~weris n drawing of script guTneuli n plough relay/team
grafiki n schedule guTnisdeda n ploughman/boy, tiller
grafikosi n draughtsman/woman ~piri n share of the plough
grafito n sing/pl Lat. graffito/graffiti ~piris frTa n mould board
gracia(ix.qalRmerTebi) n sing/pl Lat. gula n core
Grace(Gratia/Gratiae);n sing/pl Gr. gulani n collection of Christian Hymns and
Charit/Charites books,Gradual
graciozuli=moxdenili adj graceful gularZnili adj hardhearted
grdemli(s) n envil gulaRma adv backwards,on one‟s back
~gadasatani n stake gulaxdiloba=gulwrfeloba n fairness
~Sverili n beak gulgula n core
grekofili n adj philhellene ~aqerclili chipped ~
grexa v ger bend( twine,twist,wind)(ing) ~badrosebri disk-shaped ~
grexili(ix.xveuli) adj interlaced,rope,si- ~dartymis mza moedniT platform prepared
nuous,tendril,twirled,twisted,twirly,winding ~erTfuZiani single-based ~
grexilxazovani adj curvilinear ~iaraRi tool
grigali n vortex ~konusuri cone-shaped ~
grili adj cool ~orpolusiani two-pole ~
grifeli n adj slate pencil ~ orfuZiani two-based ~
grifoni(s) n griffin=griffon=gryphon ~prizmisebri prisme-shaped ~
~msgavsi adj griffin-shaped ~saWrisi chisel/cutter ~
~ufrTo adj wingless griffin ~solisebri tapered/wedge-shaped ~
~frTiani adj winged ~ gulTmisani n prophet
grova n v ger bunch(heap,nucleus,pile)of sth, guli=wiaRi n heart
cache(Fr),mass,package,stack ~sagnis n core
~nagvis/fekaliebis n midden =sarTvi n filling,staff
~xalxis n collection of people, crowd gulis guli n heart of hearts
grunti(s)(ix.wyali) n adj earth,soil gulisebri adj heart-shaped
~saxatav tiloze (first) coat(ing) guliskari n auricle
grZedi n longitude gulispiri n shirt-front
grZeldeba v continues=goes on,lasts,proce- gul-mkerdi(s) n breast, chest
eds/stretches from…to ~mala n sing/pl Lat. breast vertebra/verteb-
~gamoyeneba sth continues in use/to be used rae
~damzadeba sth continues to be made ~Rru n thorax
~droSi sth continues/lasts into/through gulmxeci/gulqva adj hardhearted
(any/all) period of time(age,day,week, gulsabnevi(s) n brooch, pin
year,century) ~diskosebri n saucer brooch
~muSaoba/samuSao works are in progress
~CarCo n brooch
~sigrZeSi sth extends
gulsavse(sagani) adj full, solid
grZelvadiani adj long-dated
gulsakidi n pendant
grZeli adj long, lengthy
gulsakinZi n breast fastening,clasp,pin
grZelfexa adj long-legged
gulqandi n brooch, pendant
grZivi adj continuous,long,longitudinal
gulwiTela Citi n robin
grZneuleba n wizardry
gulxeldakrefili adj arms folded across
grZneuli n adj magic(ian),soothsayer,wizard
breasts
gube n puddle gumbaTi n cupola,dome;cupole Lat.
guda n bag, sack ~bolowvrili/konusuri conical dome

47
 სარჩევი

~naxevarwriuli n arch ~Rirebuleba n low price/value

~sferuli n dome dabanakeba(ix.jaris) v ger camp(ing)
~wvrili/wvetiani n spire dabaRi n tanner
gumbaTiani adj arched,domed,vaulted dabaxana n tannery
gumbaTis yeli n dome( trunk),drum dabegvra v n assess(ment),impost,tax(ation)
~ialqnebi n pl pendentives dabegrili adj imposted, taxed
~wveti n pinnacle dabeveba v n reserve(ation)
gumbaTisebri adj cupola-like,dome-shaped dabevebuli adj reserved
gumbaTovani adj domed dabeJva v crumple
gunda n (snow) ball dabeJili adj crumpled
~Tixis/miwis n clod, pad dabereba v ger age(ing)
gundad adv lumped together dabetoneba v n concrete
gundi n collection, group, team dabeWdva/dagozva v ger seal(ing)
~saero n chorus ~teqstis v ger print(ing), type(ing)
~saeklesio n choir dabeWdili adj printed,sealed, typed
gundruki(s) n adj Benjamin,frankincense, dabejiTebiT adv be precise/sure about
incense,myrrh sth,confidently,securely,tough,firmly
~kmeva v prise to the skies ~Tqma say/state sth with a good degree of
~kmeva=pirferoba v burn incense to sb probability/every confidence
~xe/xis n adj Benjamin/myrrh tree dabzarva v ger chap(ing),crack(ing)
gundurad adv all together, in group dabzaruli adj chapped, cracked
gunduri adj team dabinaveba v n ger accommodate(ion),logi-
gujari n (title) deed stic,house/settle(ing),home,store
~mosavlis n v adj garner(ed)
d dabinavebuli adj house(settle,store)(ed)
daadastura v admit(affirm,confirm)(ed) dabinduli adj dull,mat, smoke-coloured
daavadeba(ni) n sing/pl malady/maladies dabinZureba v n contaminate(ion),defile(me-
daarseba v ger constitute sth,establish/foun- nt),pollute/pollution
d(ing),start sth dabinZerebuli adj contaminate(defile,pollute
~xelaxla v n refound(ation) (ed)
daarsebuli adj established,founded,started dabla adv below,down,lower
daaCqara v precipitate ~daweva v discharge, lower
daaxloebav approximate,bring/draw together dablagveba v ger blunt(ing),dull
daaxloebiT adv v about,approximate(ly), dablagvebuli adj blunt
around,roughly dablobi n dale,lowland(s),low place,plain,
daaxloebiTi adj approximate valley floor
daba n country town ~datborili flooded plain
dabadeba n v birth,engender,give rise to the ~mdinariT floodplain,plain area of the ri-
birth of sth ver basin/valley
=Sesaqme n Genesis,the Nativity Story dablobSi adv down dale,in lowlands
~xelaxla n re-birth dabneva v scatter sth about/over
dabadebiT,mag.qarTveli adj Georgian by =abneva v n confuse(ion)
by birth ~ramisa rameze v pin
dabadebuli adj born dabneleba v ger grow dark, darken(ing)
dabalzameba v n ger embalm(ing),mummify ~mzis/mTvaris n eclipse
mummification dabneuli adj scattered about/over,dispersed
dabal... adj adv low…
~rame rameze adj pinned
~doneze (at) reduced level
daboloeba v n ger conclude/conclusion,
dabali adj diminutive height,low,short,squat
end/finish(ing),terminate(ion)
~doneze reduced level ~ramiT end/terminate sth with sth
~donis inferior,low-level daboloebuli adj end(finish,terminate)(ed)
~sinji n low grade dabraleba v blame

48
 სარჩევი
dabreca v twist or turn to one side
dabrecili adj (a)skew
dabrkoleba v n ger block(ing),barrier,han-
dicap,hinder(ance),obstacle,obstruct(ion)
dabrtyeleba v ger flatten(ing)
dabrtyelebuli adj flattened
dabruneba v come/give back, return
~vinmes rame restore sth to sb
~istoriaSi bring back into history
~ramisa v n regain,retrieve/retrieval
~sawyis mdgomareobaSi v retrieve
~ukan v give/move back back,return,work
backward
~ ~ sakiTxze digress to discuss
~qonebis pirveli mflobelisaTvis v
n revert,reversion
~Zvel mdgomareobaSi v n reinstate
(ment)
~Zvel rwmenaze sb revert to sth
~warTmeulis v recede,recover,resumption
dabjena v prop up, support on/upon
dabjenili adj propping up, supported on
dagdeba v drop
dageba v fix,floor,haft,lay,mount,pave,pin,pla-
nk,put on,stick,trap
dagebuli adj fix(floor,haft,mount,pave,pin,
trap)(ed),laid,put on,stuck
dagegmareba v ger arrange(ment),design,lay
out,plan/project(ing)
~baduri grid/street plan
~da mSenebloba engineering
~xelaxla v ger replane(ing)
dagegmarebuli adj arrange(design,plan,pro-
ject)(ed)
dagegmva v appoint, plan, schedule
~winaswar plan ahead
dagegmili adj planned,scheduled
~Tavidanve planned from the outset
dageSva v break in
dagva v ger sweep(ing)
dagvianeba v be late,detain sth,outdate
~droSi time lag
dagvirgvineba v ger crown/top(ing),put a
coping stone
dagvirgvinebuli adj crown/top(ed)
dagleja/daglejili v adj tatter(ed)
dagmanva v block,brick up,caulk,immure,seal
dagmanuli adj block(brick,immure,seal)(ed)
dagmoba v n condemn/deplore(ation)
dagmobili adj condemned
dagozva v caulk, putty,seal
dagozili adj caulked, puttied, sealed
49
dagragna v ger roll(ing) up
dagragnili adj rolled up
dagrexa v ger curl up, twist(ing)
dagrexili adj curled up,sinuous,twisted
dagroveba v n accumulate(ion),amass,(com)
pool,pile,save,store
dagrovili adj accumulate(compile,pile,po-
ol,save,store)(ed)
dagubeba v ger dam(ing)
dagrZeleba v n ger add,alongate(ion),len-
gthen(ing),make sth longer,oblong
dagrZelebuli adj alongate(lengthen,oblon-
ge(ed)
dadableba v ger drop to,lower(ing),make
sth lower,reduce the height of sth
dadablebuli adj lowered,made lower,red-
uced in height
dadamRva v ger brand(mark,stamp)(ing)
dadanaSauleba v n accuse(ation) sb for sth
dadasturda(ix.Zeglze) v sth has been
affirmed(attested,confirmed,established
proved)
ar ~ sth disproved
~arseboba sth has been recorde
~krizisi witnessed a crisis
~magaliTiT exemplified/documented by…
~monapovriT documented by finds
~ramiT confirmed by sth
~raRac droidan attested from the Nth
century/millennium onwards
dadastureba v n acknowledge(ment),admit,
affirm(ation),attest,confirm(ation),exemplify,
indicate(ion),prove/proof,reassert,verify,
reassert,witness
~arqeologiurad identify archaeologicaly
~dokumenturad v document
~ramiT evidenced by sth
~ramis sth argues sth
~ ~ arsebobis v record
~rom arasworia/sworia prove that sth
is wrong/right,sth is proved wrong/right
~SeiZleba sth is verifiable/witnessed
dadasturebuli adj acknowledge(admit,at-
test,confirm,prove,record,witness)(ed)
~arqeologiurad identified archaeologicaly
~aqamde so far documented
~ramiT evidenced by sth
~Zeglze be in evidence at the site
dadgena v n allocate(ion),appoint,ascertain,
assess(ment),clear up,determine(ation),
document,employ,establish(ment),find
out,fix,identify/identification,institute,lim-
it,restrict,set,settle,state,substantiate,tra-
 სარჩევი
ce,mark,adjust,designate,define,impose,
adjust, constitute,institute,validate
~kultis v ordain N cult/deity
~raime niSniT identify sth by sth
dadgenileba n creed,decision,resolution
~ winaswari draft resolution
dadgenili(ix.saxe) adj allocate(appoint,as-
certain,document,establish,fix,identify,insti-
tute,prescribe,settle,state,trace,adjust,
mark,prescribe)(ed),set
dadgma v mount sth with sth,place(ment),posit,
put,set on/up
~piesis v stage
~ramisa rameze v rest upon,superimpose
sth,surmount sth by sth
~xelaxla v n re-install(ation)
dadgmuli adj sth mounted with sth,placed,
posited,put,set,staged
~rame rameze sth terminating sth,sth termin-
ated (with) sth
dadgoma(drois) v n advance,advent,arrive/
arrival,onset,start to set in
dadgomamde adv before the advent/onset of
sth
dadgomasTan erTad=dadgomisTanave adv
with the advent/onset of(century/time)
dadgomiT(drois) at the beginning of…
dadgomisas ~ adv by comingling,at the beg-
inning/turn of eg. MBA
dadeba v mount,place(ment),put,superimpose
~zavis enter into peace treaty with sb
~ramisa rameze superimpose sth
dadebiTad adv assertively,favourably,posi-
tively
dadebiTi adj assertive,favourable,positive
dadnoba v ger (s)melt(ing)
daduReba(liToniT) v mend(eg leadmend),
weld on
daduRebiT SekeTeba v cast on,mend,repair
daerqva... sth is/was ascribed(dubbed/termed).
daeWveba v n challenge
dava v n argue with sb, controversy
davakeba v ger level(ing)
=vake v level ground
daviTis varskvlavi n Hexogram
daviwroveba v battice,narrow,tapper
~zeviT n battice
daviwrovebuli adj narrow(ed),tapered
daviwyeba v forget
daviwyebas mieca v n condone/condonation,
decayed into oblivion
dazaveba make paece/treaty with sb
dazaraleba v affect,damage,suffer from
50
sth,lambast,undermine
~vinmesi/ramisa v affect,lambast
dazarelebuli adj affected,damaged
dazga n bench
~sazeinklo n lathe
dazela v ger knead/pug(ing)
dazverva v n reconnoitre/reconnaissance,
intelligence
~arqeologiuri v n ger explore(ation)
prospect/sound(ing),survey,track up
~zedapiruli surface examination/pros-
pecting
dazverviTi adj exploratory,prospecting
dazianeba v n damage,deteriorate(ion),distur-
b(ance),harm,injure,destruction,
suffer from sth
~bun. movlenebiT ger adj weathering,we-
athr beaten
~sxeulze bodily injury
~qalaze lesion
dazianebuli adj damage(deteriorate,disturb,
injure)(ed)
~naleqebiT weather-beaten
dazogva v n adj spare
dazusteba v ascertain,define more precisely,
elaborate(ion),indicate,make sure,
rectify/rectification
dazustebuli adj ascertained,defined more
precisely,elaborated,indicated,rectified
dazRveva v n ensure,insure/insurance
dazRveuli adj insured
daTabaSireba(ix.TabaSiri) v gypsum
daTabaSirebuli adj gypsumed
daTanxmeba v n be content with sth,accept -
(ance),approve/approval,agree/concur-
(ance),endorse to
daTariReba(ix.TariRdeba,TariRi,saukune,
qronologia) v n ger ascribe/provide
the date,date(ing),provision of the date,
put sth in N cent/mill
~arazusti/susti loose chronology
~arq.kompleqsis mixedviT date(d)(ing)
by archaelogical context
~savaraudo(d) adj adv tentative(ly)
~SeiZleba sth can(may/might) be dated,sth
dated/datable(by/to)
~SeuZlebelia sty does not lend itself to an
exact date;sth is undatable
~jvaredini cross dating
daTariRebis mizani n purpose of dating
~mizniT for dating purpose
~piroba/sabuTi reliable hallmark for dating
daTariRebisas dayrdnoba v rely upon sth
 სარჩევი
for dating
daTariRebisaTvis vargisi adj (sth)datable
daTariRebuli adj datable/dated(by/to),da-
teshaped/dating from...
~saerTo aRiarebiT admittedly dated
daTvaliereba(ix.movla) v n examine(exp-
lore,obseve(ation),survey
~gamofenis/xedis v ger view(ing)
daTvi n bear
~ganamarxebuli n fossil ~ Ursus deningeri
~mura ~ brown ~
~mRvimis ~ cave ~
daTvisterfa(si) n (sing/pl.Lat), adj acanth-
us/acanthi
daTmoba v concede,let,recede
ar ~ hold one‟s own
daTqma v n arrange(ment),reserve(ation)
daTqmis gareSe adv without arrangement
daira n tambourine
daisi n decline,declining days,sunset
dakaveba(ix.ukavia) v hold, occupy
=dapatimreba v arrest,detain
dakavebuli adj arrested,busy,employed,en-
gaged in,involved,occupied
dakavSireba v n associate(ion),bind to,con-
duct,combine(ation),connect(ion),co-or-
dinate(ion),link(age),relate(ion),sandwich
tie,annex(ation),bridge(ing)
dakavSirebiT...with regard to sth
dakavSirebuli adj associated,bound,combi-
ned,connected,co-ordinated,in cojuncton
with sth,intertwined,linked,related,tied,
sandwiched,annexed
~mWidrod closely connected/touched,rele-
vant
~ramisa ramesTan v associate,attach,bind,
combine,connect,dove-tail,link
urTierT ~ associated,coherent,connec-
ted,interconnected,interlinking,related
dakanoneba v n canonize/legalize(ation),legi-
timate,legitimize
dakanonebuli adj canonized,legalized
dakargva v lose,miss,vanish
~kontrolis lose control of sth
~teritoriis v n disrupt(ion)
~ugzoukvlod v go missing
~upiratesobis lose favor to sth
dakarguli adj lost,missing,vaned
dakawruli adj scraped
dakbiluli adj cog(dentate,jag,notch,pro-
ng,denticulate,rib,scallop,serrate)(ed)
dakemsva/dakemsili v ger adj darn(ed)(ing)
dakepva/dakepili v adj ger grind(ed)(ing)
51
dakerva=dakereba v ger patch(ing)
dakerili adj patched
dakeWna/dakeWnili v adj incise(d),notch(ed)
dakvadrateba v ger grid(ing),square off
dakvanZuli adj knotty
dakveTa v n book,order,reserve
dakvirveba v n ger consider(ation),observe
(ation),monitor(ing),supervise(ion)
dakvla(ix.samsxverplod) v butcher,kill,sla-
ughter,stick
dakvra(ix.dakroba) v play(ing)
dakideba v hang, suspend
~jaWvze/jaWviT v hang by chains
dakidebuli adj hanging,hung,suspended
dakisreba v n confer, impose/imposition
daklaknili adj serpentine,snaky,winding
dakleba v become less,downgrade,lessen,
recede,satback(s),wane
dakmayofileba v n appease,confirm(ation),
conform,satisfy/satisfication,stir
~saWiroebis satisfy needs for sth
dakmayofilebuli adj satisfied
daknineba v n decay into(eg town into village)
degrade/degradation,discount
~vinmesi v dwarf sb by sb
~mniSvnelobis/ramis downplay sth
dakninebuli adj degraded
dakodva v n castrate(ion),wound
dakodili adj castrated,wounded
dakonkreteba v give concrete expression
to sth,render sth concret
dakonserveba v n conserve/conservation
dakroba/dakruli v attach(ed),stick/stuck
dakrZalva v n ger burial/bury(ing),deposit
(ion),deposit(ion),dispose/disposal of a
a dead,inhume(ation),nterre/interment,
make interment,lay to rest
~meoradi re-bury(ing),second burying
~iesosi the Entomb(ment)
~wesi burial rite(s),mortuary practice
~ ~ aRsruleba administer a rite of funeral
dakrZaluli adj bury(deposit,entomb,inter-
re)(ed)
dakuTxuli adj angular,cut,faceted
naxevrad ~ adj sub-angular
dalageba v n ger arrange(ment),tide(ing)
~doneebis/fenebis mixedviT v adj super-
impose(d)
~niSnebis mixedviT arrangement determin-
ed by…
dalamva v cover(ed) with silt
dalamuli adj silted
 სარჩევი
dalarva v whip
dalaqaveba/dalaqavebuli v adj spot(ed),
blur(ed),mottle(d) with sth
dalboba v ger soak(ing)
daleqva v n settle at the bottom,sediment
(ation)
dalocva v bless,give one‟s blessing
~wirvis bolos v n benedict(ion)
~jvriT v sain
dalocvili adj blessed(with sth)
dalursmva v ger nail(ing)
~iesosi v ger rivet(ing)
dalursmuli adj nailed, riveted
daluqva/daluquli v ger adj seal(ing)(ed)
dalpoba v split, rot
damaarsebeli n founder,originator
damabneveli adj baffle(confuse,disconcern,
mislead,perplex,puzzle(ing),distractive
damaboloebeli adj ending,final,terminal,
terminating
damabrmavebeli adj dazzling
damagvirgvinebeli(ix.qva) adj coping
damagreba v n attach,haft,hold by,pin,reinf-
rce(ment)
~liToniT v weld on
~ramis Tavze v mount on
~RerZze v pivot
damadasturebeli adj admit(attest,confirm,
document,exemplify,prove,witness(ing)
argumentative,assertive,corroborative,
indicative
damaimedebeli adj encouraging in.., sth of
great promise
damakavSirebeli adj bind(connect,link)(ing)
damakmayofilebeli adj satisfactory
damakmayofileblad(ix.miCneva) adv in
satifactory way,satisfactorily
damaluli adj hidden from
damamzadebeli n manufacturer
damamTavrebeliadj conclude(final,terminate)
(ing)
damamkvidrebeli adj establishing
damamtkicebeli adj corroborative,vindicating
~sabuTis gareSe sth without document/
evidence
damamcirebeli adj abusive,humiliating,in-
sulting
damangreveli adj destructive,internecine
~vinme n destroyer
damangrevlad adv destructively
damarcxeba v n beat,defeat,fail(ure),fall,fizzle
out,overcome,prostrate(ion),vanquish
=jobna v take over
52
damarcxebis Tavs moxveva inflict defeat on
damarcxebuli adj beaten,defeated,fallen,
prostrate,vanquished,in smiting position
damarxva v ger bury/seal(ing)
~cocxlad bury alive
damasrulebeli adj ending,finishing
damateba v n ger add(ing)(ition),annex(ation)
attachment,complenent/supply(ing)
damatebani n pl additions,supplements,adde-
ndum/addenda,appendix/appendices
n sing/pl Lat.
damatebiT adv in addition to sth,additionally
damatebiTi adj additional,adjunctive,ancillary
complementary,external,extra,adjunct,
subsidiary,supplement(al)(ary)
damatebuli ram n added piece
damatyvevebeli adj captivating
damaSvrali n adj bay
damaxasiaTebeli adj characteristic,diagnost-
ic,distinctive,distinguishing,indicative,
indigeneous,inherent,peculiar,signifi-
icant for,similar,specific,typical
~raime adgilisTvis local to city/village,ci-
ty/village specific,vernacular
damaxasiaTeblad adv characteristically
damaxinjeba v n deform(ation),distort(ion),
deform(ation),distort(ion),mutilate,warp
damaxinjebuli adj corrupt(deformdistort,mi-
sname,mutilate,warp)(ed)
damaxsovreba v keep/hold in mind,memorize,
remember,retain
damajerebeli adj cogent,convincing/convic-
tive,credible,eloquent,persuasive,
plausible,trustful,valid,weight
damajereblad adv confidently,cogently,con
vincingly,eloquently,plausibly,trustfully
damgegmavi n planner
damdgeni adj determinative
damdegi adj coming, ushering in
damdnari adj (s)melted
damzadeba v ger craft(fabricate,process,work)
(ing),make,manufacture,produce
~ramiT make with
~ramisa ramisgan v fabricate/manufacture
sth from sth
~ramisgan make of/from sth
~iafi/Zviri cheap/expensive to make
damzadebuli adj craft(fabricate,manufacture
process,produce,work)(ed),made
damTavreba v be over, end, finish
damTavrebisTanave adv shortly after sth
damTavrebuli adj ended, finished
damTariRebeli adj dating
 სარჩევი
~ niSani dating indication
damTxveva v n agree/coincide/coincidence,-
correlate/correlation
~nawilobriv(i) partial coincidence
damTxveuli adj coincident,combined curr-
ently,correlative
~nawilobriv partially coincident
damizneba v ger aim(ing),align,lay
damkanonebeli n adj legislator,legislative,va-
lidating
damkveTi n client
damkvidrda v centered,deeply rooted,establi-
shed,perpetuated
damkvidreba v n assert,constitute(ion),estab-
lish(ment),institute(ion)
~mosazrebis v n constitute(ion)
~sacxovreblad/momTabaris v sag,sink,
subside
~Cveulebis v become a custom
~xangrZlivad adv long establish(ed)
~xelaxla v n (re)assert(ion)/establish(me
nt)
damkvidrebuli adj asserted,(long/well)esta-
blished, instiituted,ingrained,longsta-
nding,persistant
damkvirvebeli n monitor,observer
damnaSave n criminal,sb guilty of sth
damokidebuleba v n attitude,concern,dispo-
sition,dependence,relation,treat(ment)
damokidebulebaSi...adv in relation to..,in co-
nnection with sb/sth
damokidebuli adj be bound,depend(ed/ent/
ing),subordinated
~vinme n a subject (eg king)
damokleba v ger shorten(ing),truncate
damoklebuli adj shorten/truncate(ed)
damoneba v n enslave(ment),subject(ion)
damonebuli adj enslave/subject(ed)
damontaJeba/damontaJebuli v n adj install
(ation)(ed)
damorCileba v n bring under,obey,subdue,
submit/submission to,subordinate/
subordination,subjugate,subjugation
~dampyrobelze v fallto sb
~vinmeze lay in the power of..,subjugated/
subordinated to sb/sth
~vinmes mier subjugate sb by sb
~rames conform to sth
~moTxovnebze/wesebze v comply with sth,
obeisance,submit the rules/rites
~xelaxla v reassign
damorCilebuli adj subject/subordinate(ed)
damoukidebeli adj independent,sb self-suff-
53
icient in sth,unaffiliated
damoukideblad adv independently,self-suf-
ficiently,singularly,without outside help
~amisa/imisa adv irrespective of sth
damoukidebloba n independence,self-
sufficiency
damoqloneba(ix.moqloni) v ger rivet(ing)
damoqlonebuli adj riveted
damoZRvra v n adj admonish(ment),admoni-
tion,admonitory,lecture(n/v)
damowmeba v n confirm(ation),testify/testifica-
tion,witness,be witnesed
~beWdiT v affix aseal,put a stump, stump
~sasargeblod/sapirispirod v testify
against/to
~saxalxod v n proclaim/proclamation
damowmebuli adj concern(confirm,witness)
(ed)
dampali adj decayed,rotten, split
dampyrob(el/lur)i adj n conquering,con-
nqueror,invider,intruder,occupant,
subjugator
damrgvaleba v make sth round, round
damrgvalebuli adj rounded
damreci adj n (gently) sloping,inclined,obliq-
ue,receding,racking,slanting,steep
damsaxureba v n confer,deserve,earn,gain,
merit,win
damsaxurebiT adv in sb‟s/its own merit
damsaxurebis qona v render great services
damsaxurebisamebr adv according to merit
damskdari adj crackled
damsxvreva v n batter,break(age),crack,crush
destroy,fracture,fragment,shatter,smash
damsxvreuli adj battered,broken,cracked,
crushed,destroyed,fractured,fragmen-
ted/fragmentary,smashed
~wvrilad adj shattered
damsjeli adj n vindictive,punisher
damtvreva v beat,crush,fragment into pieces
damtvreuli adj beaten,fallen into pieces
damtkiceba v n manifest(ation),prove
damtkicebuli adj proved,substantiated,va-
lidated
damumieba v n mummify/mummification
damuqreba v endanger,threaten,warn against
damuSaveba v n ger master/process(ing),mo-
dify,trade,treat(ment),trim(ing),work(ing),
sth into sth,cultivate(ion),exploit(ation)
~daxvewilad work out carefully,scrutinize
~zedmiwevniT v n elaborate/elaboration
~imis,risi ~SeiZleba v workable
~madnis v n exploit(ation)
 სარჩევი

~miwis v n cultivate/cultivation damwerlobis Semdgomi adj literate,record-

~mSvenivrad work out delicately ed history
~naxevrad half-work damwvari adj burnt down/out,scorched
~uxeSad roughly worked Zlier ~ overburnt
~winaswar pre-teat(ment) damwifeba v ger ripen, season(ing)
~xelaxla re-make/work,second work-up damwifebuli adj ripe, seasoned
damuSavebis procesi n (re)cycling process damwyebi n beginner,novice
damuSavebisas adv in working practices damWeri n catcher,cramp, holder
damuSavebuli adj master(process,treat)(ed) ~samedicino n depressor
~naxevrad adj half-worked; worked up damxvduri n v host
damfuZnebeli n founder damxmare adj aid,ancillary,auxiliary,facilitator,
damRa n brand,mark(er),punch,seal,stamp helpful,subsidiary
~piradi(Zv.romSi) n sing/pl Lat. Secret- ~adamiani n assistant,helper,supporter
um/secreta damxoba v turn sth upside down,subvert
~cxovelis yurze n earmark ~pirqve adamianis v prostrate oneself
~damsmeli n marker damxroba v n orient(ate)(ion) towards…
damRupveli adj disastrous, fatal damxrobili adj oriented/orientated towards..
damyareba v base on/upon,establish,focus damjdari adj seated
on,rely on/upon ~mosaxleoba/cxovreba n adj sedentary/
damyoli adj sth accommodating to sb/sth, sedentism
amenable,manageable,pliable damjere adj amenable
damSvideba v appease ,calm down,console, dana(ix.danis) n knife
pacify,placate,relieve,sedate ~basri subtle ~
damSvidobeba n v adj farewell,retirement ~gamosaSigni curving ~
damSrali adj dried ~erT/calfxiani one/single bladed ~
damcavi adj conservative,difencive,preserving, ~zurgiani/yuiani lop-eared ~
protecting,protective,preventive ~namgala sockle-like ~
damcveli n advocate,assertor,defender,gu- ~naxevarmTvarisebri bow-bladed ~
ardian,protector ~pirwvrili narrow-bladed ~
mxurvale ~ fervent advocate ~samdicino dissector
damcireba v n abuse,belittle,dishonour,hu- ~sasxlavi pruning knife
militate/humiliation,insult,prostrate ~saxvreti flake ~
~vinmes winaSe v adj prostrate ~tyavis budiT ~ on a leather sheath
damcirebuli adj dishonoured,humiliated ~qvis knife(like) tool
damcroba v n belittle,diminish,discharge,re- ~yasbis butchering ~ cleaver
duce/reduction,restrict,come down, ~walda chopper
wane,weaken ~xerxispiriani saw-bladed knife
~teritoriis v recede
danaTvla bedis v foretell
damcrobili adj diminish(discharge,reduce,
~saxelis v Christen (any name)
recede,restrict,wane,weaken(ed)
danakargi n toll, waste
damZimeba v laden,weight
danakeceba v n corrugate(ion)
damwerloba n script,writing,written language
danakuweba v hack and hew
~antikuri berZ/egv. hieratic script
danaleqebi n pl sediments
~asomTavruli majuscule ~
danaleqi n adj alluvium/alluvial,deposit(ed),
~asuruli/lursmuli cuneiform=wedge-
sediment(ary)
shaped characters
~zrdapiruli sedimentary deposition,surfa-
~gamartivebuli demotic script
ce stripping
~nusxa-xucuri=nusxuri minuscule ~
~meoradi placer=secondary deposit
~piktografiuli picture writing
~narCeni residue
~xazovani liniar script
~xelaxali recurrent deposition
damwerlobamdeli adj prehistory, pre/
danaleqis warmoqmna v n precipitate(ion)
proto literate
danamati adj n added/addition(s),additive(s),

54
 სარჩევი

adjust,appendage danebeba(mters) v n surrender

danamdvilebiT adv certainly,plausibly,presu- ~Tavis v give up, leave alone
mably danergva v n inculcate,ingrain,introduce,pro-
~codna ramis know sth for sure pagete(ion),spread,begin to practice
danarTi n annex,supplement danergili adj inculcated,ingrained,introdu-
~naSromze/wignze n sing/pl Lat. appen- uced,spread
dix/appendices,index/indices danestianeba v moisten
~werilze=baraTze n enclosure(s) danestianebuli adj moist,sodden
danarCeni n adj the rest/remaining,reminder danis(ix.dana) mkeTebeli n cutler
danayva(ix.nayva) v crush,mill, pound ~piri n blade
danayofi n division,section ~piris keTebis xerxi blade technology
~yuTSi/CarCoSi n partition ~yunwi n haft, shaft
danaSauli n criminal, fault danisebri(ix.firfita) adj knife-shaped
danaSaulis gamosyidva v n atone(ment) daniSvna v n ger appoint(ment),constitute(io-
danaSrevi n adj sediment(s) n),mark(ing)
danawevreba v n break down,destruction, ~qalis v n betroth(al),intend,affiance
disintegrate(ion),dismember,diverge,divi- daniSnuleba=daniSnulebis n a clear
de/division,fragment(ation),mould,segre- meaning of sth,function,purpose,role,
gate/separate(ion),split,structure significance,status,task
~nawilebad spill off sth into sth ~savaWro sth trade oriented
~farTobis v screen by partitions ~sakulto/saritualo- sth for cult/ritual
~qveynis v adj batter(ed) purpose,cult,sacral
~tixriT/farTobis screen by partitions ~samxedro/saomari of military/(war)fare pur
~wvrilad (fracture in) small scale pieces pose
danawevrebuli adj broken down,divided, ~sxvadasxva of intermediate use
dismembered,fragmented/fragmentary, daniSnulebiT=daniSnulebis adv adj of
segmented,separated,regularly spaced purpose(s),intended for…
~Tanabar nawilebad regularly spaced daniSnuli adj affiance(allocate,appoint.
~metyveleba v n articulate/articulation assigne,betrothe,commission,intend,ma-
danawileba v n disaggregate/distribute(ion), rk,note)(ed)
fragment,(sub)divide/division danomvra v n ger number(ing)
~vinmeze v apportion out to sb ~winaswar v ger prenumber(ing)
danawilebuli adj distributed,fragmented/ daobeba v ger mould(ing)
disaggregated,fragmentary,subdivided daoTxili adj in all fours
danaxarji/danaxarjebi n costs,expendi- daokeba v harness,straddle
ture daorsuleba v impregnate
~drois constraints of time,time consuming daostateba v gain mastery of doing sth,
~mcdelobis v n invest(ment) of effort mastering
~fulis/Sromis v n invest(ment) of money/ daostatebuli adj keen,mastered, skilled,
labour skillful
danaxSireba v n ger carbonize(ation),char dapataraveba v dwarf,make sth less/smaller,
(ing) snap into sth
danaxSirebuli adj carbonized, charred dapatimreba v ger arrest,detain,imprison,re-
dangreva v n collapse,demolish(ion),destroy/ strain
destruction,fall in ruins,pill/tear down,re- dapatimrebuli adj arrested,detained,impri-
move,ruin soned
dangreuli adj collapsed,destroyed,fallen dapireba v n be aiming to do sth,intend/inte-
in ruin,pulled/torn dow,ruined tion,pledge,promise,vow
naxevrad ~ adj tumbledown dapirebuli adj promised,vowed
qveyana adj battered dapirispireba v n confront(ation),hostility,op
dandobiT adv sparingly pose/opposition
danduri(s) n adj purslane, Portulaca olera- dapirispirebuli adj opposed,opposing
ceea Lat. dapkureba v sprinkle,trickle

55
 სარჩევი
~nelsacxeblis v perfume,scent
dapoba/dapobili v ger adj chop(ed)(ing)
daproeqteba v design,devise,project
daproeqtebuli adj designed,projected
dapyroba v n annex(ation),bring under
control,capture,conquer/conquest,
occupy/occupation,subdue by…
~xelaxla v reconquer
dapyrobili adj conquered,occupied,subdu-
ed
daJangva(ix.Jangi) v corrode,patinate, rust
daJanguli adj corroded, patinated,rusted
daJinebiT adv insistantly,persistently,steadily
strongly
~moTxovna insist/persist in doing sth
daraba n face-board,form(work),shutter
~xis face board,timber shuttering
darabebi n pl formwork,timber-shuttering
darabebiT dafarva v ger shutter(ing)
darabis frTa n leaf/wing of a sutter
darbeva v n crackdown,massacre,sacrilege
darbazin auditorium,chamber,hall,large room
~audenciebis/sefe darbazi audience-
hall
~misaRebi(sazeimo) reception room
~mosacdeli vestibule
~sataxto throne room
darbileba v soften
darbilebuli adj softened
dargva v ger plant(ing)
dargi n area of.., branch, field
~aramwarmoebluri adj nonprofit(able)
darTva(Zafis) v ger spin(ing)
~ramisa rameze v apply,attach,enclose
darTuli(Zafi) adj spun
=Tan applied,attached,enclosed
darigeba v n deliver(y)
dariSxani(s) n adj arsenic
dariSxaniani adj arsenical,arsenius
dariCini(s)(sakmazi) n adj cinnamon=cinn-
amonum gen (Lat)
dartyma v n blow,hit,impact,persecution,stri-
ke,thrust on
~bolo final blow
dartymiTi adj percussion
dartymis moedani striking platform
~wertili n bulb of percussion
darqmeva v call sb/sth somehow,dub,label,na-
me,proclaim,term
darRveva v break,confound,destroy,disturb,vi-
olate/violation
darRveuli adj broken,confounded,destroy-
56
ed,disturbed,violated
darCa v remained,retained in(eg stone),stayed
darCena v n remain,stay,survive/survival
darCenili adj left over,remained/reminder,re
sidual,the rest,stayed,survivor
darCeva v ger shell(ing)
darCeuli=garCeuli adj shelled
darCilva v solder, weld on
darCiluli adj soldered, welded on
darwmuneba v argue,assume,assure,convin-
ce/convinction,ensure,persuade
darwmunebiT adv confidently,convincingly,
certainly,(un)plausibly
darwmunebuli adj be certain(confident,con-
vinced,reliant,sure)
darwmunebuloba n convonction
darwyuleba v drink
= bibl. v have a big drink
darWoba v pierce, thrust
darWobili adj pierced
dasabami v n adv give birth/rise to sth,origin,
from the very beginning,from time
immemorial
dasabuTeba v n argument,document(ation),
justify/justification,postulate(ion),reason
dasabuTebuli adj documented,justified,pro-
ved,substantiated,reasonable,valid,
witnessed
dasadgmeli ram(zevidan) n added piece
dasavleT(i) n adj Hesperia,Occident(al),we-
st,westward
=evropa/evropuli OOccident(al)
ukiduresi ~ most westernly,westmost
dasavleTiT adv westwards=westings
~mimarTuli adj west bound
dasavlelebi v pl the Occidentals,western-
ers
dasavlurad=evropulad adv Occidentally
dasavluri adj Occidental, western
~mimdinareoba n west bound train
dasaTaureba v n (en)(sub)title, head
dasakeraveba v n patch
dasklavi xelsawyo n killing tool
dasakrZalavi(ix.episedioni) adj funeral,
funerary,mortuary
~baldaxini n sing/pl Lat. ciborum/ciboria
~ ~ naWeri n canopy
~gvirgvini n funeral wreath
~darbazi n burial/funerary chamber
~doqi,urna,qila n cinerary urn/vase
~etli n chariot,hearse
~simRera n v lament, Epicedion(i) n sing/pl
Gr.
 სარჩევი
epicedion(i)
~taZari n funerary temple
~forani n wooden bier
~Senoba n charnel house
dasamaxsovrebeli adj memorable,momen-
tous
dasamtkiceblad advili adj provable
~Zneli adj unprovable
dasamuSaveblad vargisi adj workable
~uvargisi adj not workable
dasasrulamde miyvana bring to heel
dasasrul(s)...adv at the end..,and finaly,sum-
ming up…
~miaxloeba encounter (the) end
dasasruli n climax,commencement,decline,
end of sth,fall,final end/years,finish,end
of sth,near end,waning years,tail end of..
~daaCqara precipitate the end of sth
dasasrulisken adv near end,start to wane,
towards the end
dasasruls miaxloveba v encounter end
dasaRupad ganwiruli adj sb doomed
dasayrdeni n footing, prop, support
dasaSvebi(a) adj admittable,admissible,plausi-
ble,(very)probable
dasaCuqreba v n confer,(gift)-giving,grant,
endowe,present
dasawyisi v n commence(ment),( (very)begi-
nning,(the)start of,daybreak,prelude
dasawyisidan(ve) adv at the start,initially,ori-
ginally,at/from the outset
dasawyisisTvis adv at the turn of (eg.MBA)
~drois by the beginning of (eg. MBA)
dasawyisSi adv at the beginning/start,day-
break,head,initially,in early(eg 1920s),
at first,onset of sth
dasawyisSive adv from the onset/outset of…
dasaxeleba(ix.saxeli) n v appelation,cite,
designation,mention(ing),name(ing),no-
menclature
dasaWuriseba v castrate,emasculate
dasaxeleba v ger nam(ing)
dasaxleba v n habitate(ion),inhabit,hamlet,
occupy/occupation,people,populate,
settle(ment)
~gafantuld/dafantulad sparcely settled
~gviani/mogviano latesty occupation
~meCxeri thinly occupied (site)
~mogviano ater occupation of the site
~mudmivi permanent settlement
~mcired low population
~mZlavri extensive ~
~mWidro densely populated (site)
57
~mWidrod teeming with residents/people
~saero temporal settling
~savaWro trade settlement
~sanavsadguro port settlement
~sofluri rural area/settlement
~qalaquri township.urban settlement
~xalxis v n populate/population
~ ~ xelaxla v n repopulate/population
~xelaxla v n reoccupy/occupation
dasaxlebis simZlavre n intensity
~simWidrove n density of population
dasaxlebuli adj inhabited/inhabiting by,
occupied,populated,settled
~dafantulad/Txlad sparsely settled
~mcired low population,thinly populated
~mWidrod/Warbad densely/heavily populat-
ed,overpopulated,teeming with residents/
people
dasajerebeli adj believable
~Znelad/Zneli hard to believe,highly unlike-
ly
daserva v ger cut(ing),incise
dasveleba v ger moisten(ing), wet(ing)
dasveneba v ger rest(ing), lie/lying
~micvalebulis TaviT... with head orient-
ed towards…
~ ~ gamosaTxovrad lie sb in state
dasvra n v blur, grime
dasi n assembly,company,throng,troup
daskvna v n assume/assumption,conclude/co-
nclusion,concept,consequence,inference,
observation,state(ment),sum up,summary
synopsis/synopses (Lat),upshot
~amagrebs reinforce conclusion
~TavSekavebuli sobering ~
~naucbaTevi/naCqarevi hurried ~
daskvnamde misvla v come to the conclusion
daskvniTi adj concludive/conclusive,drastic,
final,summary,ultimate
daskvnis gadaxedva v n revise/revision
~gakeTeba/gamotana n v resume
~saxiT summaringly
dasma v perch,put,set,sit
~mTis Tavze v perch on,set into/onto
~ramisa rameze n mount on,put/rest on/
upon,sit(surmount,superimpose)sth
by/on sth
~sadgarze/fexze v set/sit sty on a stand
~sakiTxis v put forward
daspirtva v preserve in alcohol
dasresa/dasresili v sdj stir, stirred
dasrulda v ended,finished,resulted in sth
 სარჩევი
dasruleba v n accomplish, bring to an end
complete/completion,conclude/conclusion,end
(ing),finish,result,terminate(ion),put an end
to sth,bring to heel
dasrulebuli adj accomplished,ended,fini-
finished,terminated
~saxiT consolidated(eg report),final form
dasturdeba sth(is) attested(borne out by sth,
confirmed,proved,recorded,witnessed)
sth can be traced…
~arq.monapovriT shy is illustrated by the
archaeological evidence
ver ~ sth remains unproved
~magaliTiT sth is exemplified by/with
~sabuTiT/CanaweriT sth is recorded from..
dasturi n attestation,confirmation,indication,
evidence,justification,proof,testimony
~arsebobis an indication of sth
~aSkara the clearest indication of sth
~kidev erTi n by the same token
mSvenieri ~ fine demonstration of sth
naTeli ~ a stanning illustration of/to sth
~pirdapiri/srulyofili stark testimony
~ramisa testimony of sth,sth is ~ of sth
~srulyofili stark testimony to sth
~utyuari/mware poignant testimony
dasusteba v ger n delute,emasculate,debili-
tate(ion)prostrate,start to wane,weak-
aken(ing)
dasustebuli adj weakened, prostrate
daswreba v n anticipate,admit/admission,par-
ticipate/participation
dasja v n execute(ion), punish(ment)
dasjerda/dasjerde v sb is content/satis-
fied
dasjili adj punished
datana v complete sth,draw(plot/trace)on,ins-
cribe,maintain,superimpose,transfer
~anabeWdis v stencil
~naxazze v plot/trace on
~rukaze v map(plot/trace) on
~xelsawyoTi apply with sth
datanili adj sth completed with sth,drawn
(plotted/traced) on,inscribed,maintained
dataceba v n depredate/depredation(s)
datborva v ger drawn(dump/flood)(ing)
datborili adj drawned,dumping grounds,
flooded area
datenianeba v ger moisten(ing)
datena=datenva v ger fill(pack,staff)(ing)
datenili adj packed
datvirTva v ger charge/load(ing),replete
~Tanabrad ganawilebuli diagonal
58
thrust
~mTeli n emphasis placed on sth
datvirTuli adj charge(load,pack)ed,laden
datvifvra v ger press(punch,stamp)(ing)
datvifruli adj pressed, stamped
datireba n v cry for sb,lament, wailing
datixvra v n compartmentalize,partition,scr-
een by partitions
datixruli adj compartmentalized,partition-
ed,screened by partitions
datkepna v ger beat, tamp(ing),tread(ing)
datkepnili adj primed,rammed,trampled,
trodden
datoveba v leave,walkout
datotvili adj branchy
datyveveba v n allure,cage-up,capture,capti-
vate/captivation
datyvevebuli adj caged-up,captivated,ca-
ptured
daudasturebeli adj disproved,not confir-
med/documented,unjustified,unproved
daudgeneli adj not definite(determined,do-
cumented),still debated,uncertain,undefin-
ed,unidentified,unrestricted,unsettled,un-
specified,disputed,vague
~warmomavlobis sth of uncertain origin
daudgenloba n ambiguity,obscurity,uncert-
ainty
daudevrad adv awkwardly,carelessly,clumsi-
ly,incompletely,in a slip-shod way,
offhand
daudevroba n awkwardness,carelessness,
clumsiness,incomplectness
dauviwyari adj memorable,unforgettable
dauzianebeli adj complete,intact,undistur-
bed
dauzustebeli adj not uncertainable,unce-
tain
dauTariRebeli adj undated
daukonkretebeli adj vague
daumagrebeli adj not fixed,unattached
daumarcxebeli adj invincible, undefeated,
unconquerable
daumorCilebeli adj recalcitrant,refractory,
unbowed,unruly,unsubjugated
~da mRelvare turbulent
~qalaqi/cixe adj impregnable
daumorCilebloba n v defy
daumuSavebeli adj crude,raw,rough
daunawevrebeli adj unbroken,unpartitioned
daundobeli adj grim,ruthless,severe
daundoblad adv grimly,severely
dauokebeli adj insatiable,overwhelming,pas
 სარჩევი

sionate,varacious ~TovliT/ramiT v blanket

dauokeblad adv insatiably,varaciously ~Txlad v thinly-clad
dauokebloba n insatiability ~naTesebiT v carpet,cover
daupyrobeli adj unconquerable ~wyliT v dump,flood
daurwmunebloba n qualm dafaruli adj conceal(cover,deem,oversha-
dausabuTebeli adj not documented,flimsy, dow,roof,shelter)(ed), hidden
precarious,superficial,unfounded,unproved, dafarcxva v ger harrow(ing)
unreasonable,unsupported,unsubstantial dafdafi n (kettle)drum
~varaudis gamoTqma n v conjecture dafena v ger floor(pave,plank)(ing)
dausabuTeblad adv unsubstantially dafeneba v n accumulate/deposit(ion),strip
dausaxlebeli adj free land,not occupied ~vulkanuri fenebis stratovolcano
(settled,uninhabited) ~zedapiruli surface deposition/stripping
dausrulebeli adj continuing,endless,not dafenebuli adj accumulated,belaid down,
finished,unfinished deposited,juxtaposed,superimposed
dautixravi adj unpartitioned dafenili adj sth covered(floored/paved)
daufaravi adj unconcealed with sth
daufasebeli adj unrewarded daferdeba n inclination,slope
daufasebloba v n underestimate(ion) daferdebuli adj sloping
dauRalavi/daucxromeli adj tireless daferva v ger plate(ing)
dauRvinebeli adj immature daferili adj equipped, plated
dauyovnebeli adj (most) immediate daferflili adj sth reduced to ashes
dauyovnebliv adv immediately,instantly,mo- dafvla v bury, dig,hide
mentarily,promptly,without delay dafluli adj buried, dug, hidden
dauyovneblivi adj immediate,momentarily, dafna/dafnis adj bay,lourel,Laurus nobilis L.
prompt ~gvirgvini ~ wreath
dauyoliebeli adj recalcitrant ~gvirgvinosani loureat(ed)
dauyofeli adj not divided,unpartitioned ~ foTlisebri bay leaf-shaped
dauSreteli/daucxrobeli adj inexhaust- dafoladeba v forge, weld on with steel
ible dafufqva v scald
daucalkevebeli adj undivided dafuZneba v n base,found(ation), establish
daucvelad adv insecurely,unsecured (ment),start
daucveli adj insecure,unsecure =dasaxleba v settle
dauZinebeli mteri adj tireless,untired ~rameze base/found on sth
dauZleveli adj invincible,unconquerable dafuZnebuli adj base(establish,found,settle,
dauZlurebuli adj weakened start)(ed)
dauxelovnebeli adj pedlar dafqva v ger grind(ing),mill(ing),pound(ing)
dauxvewavi adj careless,crude,immature,offh- dafqvili adj grinded,milled,pounded
and,rough,unkempt,unsophisticated, dafSvna v ger crumple(crush,grind)(ing),fra-
not refined cture,grate
dauxvewaoba n carelessness,roughness,unce- dafSvnili adj crumbled,crushed,fractured,
rtainty grated,grinded
daujdomeli(bibl.) n Gr. Akathistos dafxvna/dafxvnili v adj crumble/crush(ed)
daujerebeli adj implausible,omprobable, ~wvrilad v adj fragment(ed)
incredible,sth highly unlike,unbelievable daqadneba v pledge
daujereblad adv highly unlikely,incredibly, daqaneba/daqanebuloba adj n v slope,ste-
unbelievably ep(ness)
daujerebloba n incredibility daqanebuli(ix.mxari) adj gently sloping,
daujildoebeli adj unrewarded slanting,steep
dafa n board,plank,plate,slab,scutcheon daqancva v exhaust
dafanjruli adj filigree,open-work daqaragmeba v (use) tilde (titlo)
dafarva v conceal,cope,cover,deem,hide, daqveiTeba v n degrade(ation),scale down
overshadow, roof,shelter daqvemdebareba v n depend(ance),subordi-
~gzebiT/qseliT v network

59
 სარჩევი

nate(ion) to ~naSromze refer(ing) to…

daqvemdebarebuli adj depended,subordina-
ted,subsidiary
daqvrivebuli adj widowed
daqiraveba v employ,hire,loan,rent
daqiravebuli adj employed,hired,loaned,
rented
~vinme n employee
daqorwineba v ger marry(ing)
daqorwinebuli adj married
daqucmacebav disintegrate(ion),fragment(ing),
hack and hew,tack in(to) pieces
daqucmacebuliadj disintegrated,fragmented,
hacked and hewn,tacked in(to) pieces
daRarva v ger channel,corrugate,floot/groo-
ve(ing),strait,slot
~kverviT v hammer
daRaruli adj corrugate(floot,groove,hamm-
ered,striate)(ed)
daRvenTeba v ger pour(ing), spill
daRvineba v ger (vint)age(ing),season(ing)
daRvra v spill
~sisxlisa qveynisaTvis shed blood (for
one‟s country)
daRi n v brand,mark,stamp
~sircxvilis n sing/pl Lat. stigma(tis)
daRmavali adj descending
daRmarTi n declivity, slope(ing)
daRupva v n die/death,destroy/destruction,
downfall,loss,perish,ruin
daRupuli adj dead,destroyed,lost,perished,
ruined
dayalibeba v ger cast(form,model,mould)
(ing)
dayalibebuli adj cast, formed,moulded
dayeneba v n install(ation)(ment),put sth on
sth,set up
~xelaxla v n re-install(ation)(ment)
dayenebuli adj installed
dayvana v reduce sth to sth,refine down into…
dayovneba v delay, pause
dayolieba vinmesi v reason
dayofa v n break down,divide,class,fragme-
nt(ation),separate(ion),structure,categorise
dayofili adj broken down,divided,classed,
fragmented,separated,structured
~nawilebad dismember(ed)
dayra/dayrili v adj pile(d)
dayrdnoba v base/focus on,lean on/upon,
rest on,support,terminate(ion)
~daTariRebisas rely upon sth for dating
~kamaTisas base sb‟s argument on sth;on
the basis of sth
~rameze v embark on sth
~ramisa rameze v rest upon,support on/upon
~faqtze v pin down
dayrdnobili(a) adj sth carries(eg the roof),
sth rested upon sth/supported by sth
dayursuli adj sb/sth with pricked ears
=daxunZluli adj sth dotted/pappered
with sth
daSeneba v build on(to),construct on the top of
earlier foundation/layer,raise the height
~adrindel saZirkvelze/fenaze construct
on top of earlier foundation/level
daSenebuli adj sth built on(to)/upon
daSveba v ger descend from sth,lower(ing)
~ramis v n accept sth as sth,acknowledge,
dge,admit that sth could be done,
assume/assumption,concede,per-
mit,presume,presuppose
~sadme v let in
~qveviT v descend upon sth,come/go down
~xelis v let down an arm/a hand down
daSvebuli adj assumed,lowered
~azri/moqmedeba admitted,allowed
daSineba v ger bully(ing),frighten,intimidate
daSinebuli adj bullied,frightened,intimidated
daSifvra v code,encipher
daSla v n breakdown,disintegrate/disaggre-
gate(ion),dismantle,disperse,disrupt(ion),fa-
ll into pieces,fragment(ation),disaggregate
(ion),mould away/down,perish,split
naxevrad ~ v n semidissociate(ion)
daSna(safarikao) n foil
daSoreba raRacisgan v ger recede(ing)
daSorebuli(ix.qveynis) adj far, remote
daSoSmineba v placate
daSreveba v n bedding,deposit(ion),sediment
stratify/stratification
daSrevebuli adj accumulate/deposit(ed),
sedimentary
daSroba v dry-up
daStrixva v ger hatch(ure)(ing),shade(ing)
daStrixuli adj hatchured,shaded
daCeCva v ger nap(ing)
daCvretili adj holed/holey,perforate/prick
(ed)
daCiTva v ger print(ing),stamp(ing)
daCiTuli adj printed, stamped
daCoqeba v genuflect,go down/sink on one‟s
knees,kneel down
daCoqili adj genuflected, knelt
daCrdilva v dazzle,obscure, shade
daCutva v n collapse

60
 სარჩევი

daCqareba v n ger accelerate(ion),quicken ulence

(ing),precipitate(ion)(ing) daZerwva v apply/attach to,lay on
~movlenebis v precipitate the matters daZerwili adj applied/attached to, laid on
daCxvleta v ger prick(ing), score daZveleba v ger age(ing),make sth older
dacalkeveba v n disaggregate/separate(ion), daZvelebuli adj aged,dilapidated
differentiate(ion),grow apart daZirva v ger sink(ing)
dacalkevebuli adj discrete,separated daZleva v get over,master(ing) of sth,overco-
dacarieleba(ix.dacla) v empty me,undertake
dacarielebuli adj empty/emptied daZmobileba v ger twin(ing)
dacema v n be saked,dawn(drop,fall),fall away daZonZili adj tattered
/down,decline,decrease,discharge,(down) dawaxnageba v cut, facet
drop,prostrate,reduce/reduction,satback(s), dawaxnagebuli adj faceted
suffer collapse,wane,wither dawalikebuli adj move(ing) nose to tail
~brZolaSi fall on battlefield dawebeba v attach,paste,stick on
~qalaqis/cixis v n fall dawebebuli adj attached, stuck
~xarisxis quality/standard drop daweva v catch up
dacemis wlebi waning years dawera/dawerli v adj inscribe(d),write/
dacereba n battice,glacis,scarf written
~zeviT battice ~ise,rom ar waiSalos ~ ~ indelibly
dacerebuli adj squint, warped daweriloba n outline,spelling,tracing,way of
dacva v n ger custody,defend,difence,house, writing
guard,keepsafe,preserve(ation),protect daweseba v award,inact,ompose,institute,ord-
(ing)(ion),secure,shelter,support,wall dain,prescribe
=mofareba n v overshadow,shield dawesebuli adj award(impose,institute)(ed)
~piradi body guard daweuli adj lowered, reduced
~SesaZlebelia sth is defencible dawewva v ger nap(ing)
dacvarva v n dew, granulate(ion) dawva(ix.wesi) v burn down, scorch
dacveTa/dacveTili v adj wear/worn out ~koconze/cecxlze burn at the stake;co-
dacviTi adj defencive mmit to the flames
dacvis saWiroeba n need of security ~micvalebulis v n cremate(ion), pyre
dacilebuli adj far(away),remote ~yvelafris n holocaust
dacla v n empty,devastate(ion),depopulate ~jojoxeTSi v burn in hell
(ion),havoc dawveTeba v pour, spill
~soflis/qveynis v ravage sth dawvna v braid, plait
dacliliadj emptied,devastated,depopulated dawvrileba qvevidan zeviT v battice
=uqoneli material referent dawvrilebiT adv in details,explicitely,preci-
dacoba/dacobili v adj cork(plug,stopper) sely
(ed) dawvrilebiTi adj detailed
daculad adj defended,housed,kept safe,he- ~aRwera detailed/elaborate description
ld in store,preserve(protectsecure,shelter, dawvrilebuli adj tapered
support,wall)(ed),safe,secure(ly) dawinaureba v leave behind sb
daculoba n defencibility,keeping,providence dawindva v n betrothe/betrothal
preservation,security,safety dawinduli adj betrothed
dacureba/dacurebuli v adj drift/slip(ed), dawinwkvla v mottle,spatter,speckle,spot
dacxriluli adj honeycombed dawinwkluli adj dot(spatter,mottle,speckle,
dacxroma v calm down spot)(ed),polka
~rameze v swoop down/on dawmenda v n purify,purification,refine(ment)
daZabva v n intensify/intensification,tense/ten- dawmendili adj purified
sion dawnuli adj braided,interwoven,plaited
daZabuli adj intense,intensive,strained, dawola v n levy,lie,(put) pressure,tension
strenuous,taut dawolili adj lain
~urTierTobebi n pl usu. tensions
dawreta v channel off
daZabuloba n intencity,strain,tension(s),turb-

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 სარჩევი
dawuneba v despise,discard,dislike,reject
dawunebuli adj discarded,rejected
dawyeba v n ger begin(ing),commence(ment),
dawn,get sth start to develop,give way
to sth,initiate,rise,start
~ xelaxla v restsrt
dawyebiTi adj beginning,initial,original,prima-
ry,starting
dawyebisas adv at the commencement of sth
dawyebisTanave adv with the commencement
of sth
dawyebuli adj begun,initiated,started
dawyevla v n curse,consign to,damn(ation),
imprication,prediction,put curse on sb
dawyevlili adj damned,cursed
dawyvileba v ger pair(ing),twin(ing)
dawyvilebuli adj paired, twinned
dawyoba v lay out, load,place,put
~rigSi align
daWdeva v engrave,impress,incise,notch,stamp
daWdeuli adj impressed,incised,notched
daWedeba v ger hammer(ing), nail(ing)
daWedva(cxovelis) v hill, nail up, shoe
daWera v arrest, catch
~CarCoTi hold by frame
~xelSi hold
daWeWyili adj crushed
daWimva n v stretch
daWimuli adj stretched,taut
daWimuloba n tension
daWirveba v necessitate sth
daWirxna v ger beat,ram(ing),supercharge
daWirxnuli adj rammed, supercharged
daWknoba/damWkanari v adj wither(ed)
daWmuWvna v crickle,crumple,rumple,trumple
daWra/daWrili v adj apiece(d), cut
~arseba v adj hurt(ed),wound(ed)
daWyleta/daWyletiliv ger adj press(ed)
daxavseba v be overgrown with moss
daxarisxeba v n ger categorize(ation),clas-
sify/classification,screen/sort(ing)
daxarisxebuli adj classified,sorted out
daxasiaTeba v n categorize/characterize(at-
ion),interpret(ation),portray
daxatva=xatva v ger draw(paint,render)(ing)
~zevidan Zvelze draw/paint on top of sth,
superimpose by sth
daxatuli adj drawv, painted
daxeva ukan v retreat
daxelovneba v n master,practice,specialize
(ation) in sth
=xelovaneba n artistry
62
daxerxva=xerxva v saw
(da)xveva v (en)wind, wind round
daxveuli adj enwinded,twisted,winding
daxvewa v n ger accomplish(ment),master
(ing),refine(ment),sophisticate(ion),
work carefully out
daxvewilad adv deftly,elaborately,master-
ly,ornately
~gakeTebuli expertly done/made,well craf-
ted
~gamosaxuli elaborately patterned
daxvewili adj accurate,accomplished,adva-
nced,efficient,delicate,elaborate,expressive,
elegant,,fancy,fine,graceful,high skill,maste-
red,mature,neat,ornate,quaint,refined,sophi-
sticated,subtle,terse
daxvewiloba n delicacy,elaboration/elabora-
tness,neatness,refinement,sophisti-
cation,subtlery
daxvreta/daxvretili v adj hole(y)
daxlarTuli adj knotty
daxli n booth, counter
daxmareba v n aid,assist(anance),contribute
(ion),help,promote(ion),support,
accommodate(ion),administer
daxra v n incline/inclination,slope
daxrilad adv bias, pitched
daxrili adj be askew,bias,inclined,leaning,
oblique,pitched,slope/sloping
~cal mxares adj slanting, splay
~Sesasvleli/Casasvleli ramp, slope
daxriloba n bias,gradient,inclination,pitch,
glacis,slope,steepness
~ganivi adj lateral tilt
~grZivi adj liniar ~
daxrilobis kuTxe n pitch
daxraxna v ger screw(ing)
daxsomeba v bear in mind,remember,retain
daxunZluli(ara xe) adj (an area thickly)
dotted/peppered with sth
daxurva v ger block(ing),close,cover,roof,
shut
=dasruleba v bring the curtain down on sth
daxuruli adj block(close,cover,roof)(ed),
shut
daxSoba v close,lock
wyaros ~ deprive of (re)source(s)
dajabna v get upper hand,oppress,suppress
dajameba v ger bulk,sum(marise)(ing),total
dajarimeba v n fine,penalty,punish
dajaxeba v n collide/collision
dajgufeba v n ger assemblage/assemble,
assembly,group(ing)
 სარჩევი

~mWidrod tightly grouped dekanozi n archpriest

~jgufad grouped together dekemberi(ix.apnisi,tirisdeni,qristeSo-
dajgufebuli adj assembled, grouped bisa) n December
dajda=Rirda v sth cost dekeuli n heifer
dajildoeba(ix.jildo) v n grace sth with dekoratiuli adj decorative
sth,grant,endowe,reward dekreti n decree
dajildoebuli adj bestowed,granted,re- demarSi v n walkout
warded sb by sb demiTologizacia v n demithologise
~niWiT sb gifted,endowed with.., (ation)
~raime TvisebiT adj imbued demoni n d(a)emon(s), Gr. daimon
~wiaRiseuliT adj endowed,furnished denari=dinari n sing/pl Lat. denarius/de-
dajira(mc) n (Lat) Salvia verticillata narii
dgari n king post,stud,tent-pole dendrologia n dendrology
dgas v stands/is standing,positioned dendroqronologia n dendrochronology
~axlos=gavs v sth closely resembles… dendroqronologiuri adj dendrochrono-
~gamarTulad v sb stands upright logical
~rameze v sty rests upon denTi(s)=Tofis wamali(ix.sapirwamle) n
~calke stand(s) alone adj gun-powder
dgeba=iwyeba v sth comes into being at/in ~ =tyvia-wamlis sawyobi n powder
dgimi n hackle, reed magazine
dgoma inf. standing derefani n corridor, gallery,passage(way)
mxarSi ~ v support sb despoti(a) n Gr. despot(ia)
dgomis adgili n stopping place despoturad adv arbitrarily
debiti n debitage despoturi adj despotic
debuleba n statement detalebi=nawilebi n pl fitments,fittings
dedaboZi n bearing/king post,central pole detalebis damWeri soli n cleat
~T-s formis n T-shaped pillar ~Semkvreli nawili binding piece
dedakaci=mdedri n female, woman detali(ix.sxmuli) n detail
dedamiwa(ix.qerqi) n the earth detalizacia v adj work out in detail,de-
dedamZuZe n foster-mother, wet-nurse tailed
dedani n adj original=genuine detalurad adv elaborately, in detail(s)
dedaqalaqi n capital(town),dominant city definicia v n define/definition
Tana ~ n co-capital deficituri=iSviaTi adj sth in short sup-
kuTxis/mxaris ~ cantonal/regional capital ply,scarce
deformacia v n deform(ity)
saerTo ~ central ~
~bunebrivi natural deformity
dedaqani(s) n adj alluvial(bed,native,parent)
~ganzrax premidiate ~
rock
dedofali n queen ~gaciebisas shrinking ~
dedoflis yvavili(mc) n nasturtium=Tro- ~grZivi liniar ~
paeolum Lat. ~dasaSvebi permissible ~
devna v n persecute/persecution,persue/per- ~moculobiTi size ~
suit ~sicocxleSi ~ in lifetime
~fexdafex adv hang on the rear ~uneblie unpremidiated ~
devnili n adj exile,outlaw,refugee ~wrTobisas by hardening/tempering ~
=gaqceuli patimari n fugitive ~xelovnuri artificial ~
=kanongareSe gamocxadebuli vinme deformirebuli adj deformed, warped
outlaw dvrili n nipple
devnilobaSi adv in exile/wondering exile dvrilisebri adj nipple-shaped
dezertiri n a fugitive from a battle dvrini(xma) bass profundo=profondo
dezi n claw dvutavrebi(ani) double T or W or H beam ce-
dezisebri adj claw-shaped iling when space between them is bow-
deka/dekis n adj Rhpdendron Caucasica Lat shaped

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diabazi=dioriti(s) n adj diabase,greenst- didebulad adv prominently,superbly

one didebuleba n bravery,greatness,grandour,
diagonalze=diagonalurad adv diagonal gorgeousnessmagnificence,majesty,fame,
ly numinous,resplendence,splendour
diagonali n diagonal didebuli adj dazzling,distinguished,grand-
diagrama/diagramuli n adj chart diagram (eur),great(est),glorious,elevated,intrepid
(atic),sharp deliniation majestic,magnificent,outstanding,promi-
diadema n diadem nent,splendid,superb
diadi adj grand, great, majestic = adamiani n grandee
diadoxos n sing/pl Gr. Diadochos/diado- ~karis n cortier,Gentleman of the house-
choi hold, nobleman
diakvani=diakoni n deacon,reader,sacristan, didebulni n pl nobles,nobility
saxton gvaris ~ clan aristocracy/nobility
diakvnoba n diaconate didi adj big,grand,great,large,major,promin-
diakritika n diacritics ent,vast, widescale
diametri n diameter=dia ~adamiani,mecnieri,swavluli n the
~ganivi cross ~ Great(s)
~gare outer ~ ~deda RmerTi the Great Mother Goddess
~grZivi longitudinal ~ didkacoba n lordliness
~saSualo medium ~ didmarxva=saaRdgomo(ix.marxva) n Lent
~udidesi the longest/maximum ~ didmarxvis pirveli dRe Ash Wednnesday
~umciresi the smallest/minimum ~ ~ ~ orSabaTi first Monday in
~Sida inner ~ Lent
diametrulad adv diametrically ~ wina dRe n Shrove Tuesday
~sapirispiro ~ opposite didmowame n Great Martyr
diaspora n Gr. diaspora didostati n Great Master
diatomuri(ix.wyalmcenare) adj diatom didcxvira adj big-nosed
diaqronuli adj diachronic(al) didZali adv multitudes of(objects/people)
did... pref large,big diTirambi n dithyramb
~farTobze over a vast/wide area dinasti(a) n dynast(y)
~xans adv for (a) long (time),over a long ~damkanonebeli/kanonmdebeli validating
didad(ix.metismetad) adv greatly,profoundly ~modis... ~ descend(ed)(s) from sb N
~aWarbebs v far exceeds dinastiuri adj dynastic
~damaimedebeli adj encouraging ~kavSiri/jaWvi ~ coherence
~madlieri adj (be) most grateful dineba(ix.qve...) n current, flow, stream
didgvarovani n adj noble ~mudmivi constant flux
didgvarovneba n celebrity dinebis sapirispirod adv upstream
didgvarovnebi n pl nobility dingi n snout
didgula(si)(mc) n adj Sambucus rocemosa dioriti n adj diorite
Lat diofiziti n adj Dyophysit
dideba n glory,glories of magnificenc,splen- diplomatia n diplomacy
dour,fame,grandeur ~saxalxo relations on human level
~gardasul droTa prosperity of earlier diplomatiuri adj diplomatic
times ~korpusi ~ corpse
ukvdavi ~ imperishable glory ~samsaxuri ~ service,exercise diplomacy
Zveli ~ former ~ ~urTierTobani ~ exchange
warsuli ~ the glories of the past,earlier ~urTieTobaTa Sewyveta close down ~ ~
prosperity,prosperity of earlier times dipteruli adj dipteral
didebiT adv with glory diptixi n diptych
didebis dReebi greatest days dire n bar, beam,floor joist, girder,joist
~mwvervali/mwvervalze n pinnacle ~ganivi cross/grating beam
~xana age of greatness dirhami=dirhemi n dirham

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 სარჩევი

diskanti(xma) n treble ~qveda lower ~

disko n disc=disk ~wylis water level/tabb
=firfita n plaque doneze adv on a level…
diqtatori n dictator erTnair ~ flush with…
diqtatura n dictatorship doniT adv with a level…
dnoba=lRoba v n ger fuse,fusing,fusion, doJi n doge (Ital), dux (Lat)
(s)melt(ing) doRi n horse-race
dnobadi=lRobadi adj fusible drakoni=gveleSapi n dragon
dnobiT Sereva=Sednoba v …by alloying drakonuli adj draconian
dnobis wertili n melting point drama(tuli)(tulad) n adj adv drama(tic)
dnobisas Sereva v alloy with sth (al)(ly)
do/dosi n adj buttermilk dramaturgi n play-writh
dogma n dogma drapireba=danakeceba v ger drape(ing)
dogmati n doctrine,dogma,law,tenet draqma n sing/pl Lat. drachma/drachmae
dogmaturi adj dogmatic naxevar ~ n sing/pl Lat.half/hemi drachma/
doza=ulufa n dosage/dose drachmae
doziT adv to a certain extent drekadi adj flexible,mild,plastic,pliable,tough
doinji n one‟s hands akimbo drenaJi n drainage
dokumentacia n documentation, record(s) ~daxuruli coverd ~
dokumentaciis Seqmna v ger record(ing) droebiT(ad) adv temporarily
dokumentirebuli adj documented droebiTi(ix.sadgomi) adj casual,interim,
dokumenturi adj documentary provisional,temporal,temporary,tentati-
dolabi(s) n adj milstone ve,transient,fugitive
~zeda n runner ~mTavroba interim government
~zeTsaxdeli n oil press/stone droTa ganmavlobaSi adv in the course of
~qveda n bedstone time,as time went by..,meanwhile,over
doli n drum time
~cxvarSi v calve, lambing N droidan moyolebuli da Semdeg... adv
doliqokrani/doliqokranuli n sing/pl thereafter
drois aTvla/gamoTvla v time reckoning
Lat. dolichocranium/dolichocrania
dolmeni(s)(ix.samarxi) n dolmen,megalithic ~dadgoma/mosvla v advance,arrive
chamber ~morevSi Cakarguli adj lost in the dark
~saxuravi qva n cap stone abysm of time
domba Bison bonanus Lat. ~Sesabamisi adj update, up-to-date
domeni n Fr. domain ~Skala time scale
domestikosi n Gr. domestikus ~wyvetili hiatus of time
dominireba v n (pre)dominate(ion) ~xangrZlivoba n timespan
done n altitude,degree,grade,level,,paramete- dromaderi n dromader
rs,phase,stage,state dromosi(ix,samarxis) n Lat. dromos
~akademiuri academic standard(s) dromoWmuli adj absolete,antiquated,dilapi-
~ganviTarebuli advanced stage dilapidated,out-of-mode,outmoded
~dalagebuli superimposed levels dromoWmuloba n dilapidation
~danawevrebuli split ~ droulad adv in time
~erTmaneTis momdevno successive levels drouli adj apportune,appropriate,relevant
~velis n level ~adamiani adj aged
~zeda upper ~ droSi adv in certain time
~Tanamedrove current ~ ~gadafaravs sty overlaps sty in time
~mecnieruli high/low level of scholarship, ~gamZleoba n durability,persistence,stability
scientific experience ~nacadi adj timehonoured
~mcdelobis level of effort ~Rrmad sth stretch(es)(ing) back into N pe-
~samSeneblo altitude,building level riod
~umaRlesi highest ~ yvela ~ at all times

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 სარჩევი

~SezRudulilimited temporarily ~qva/qvis n adj moonstone

~CamorCena v timelag between… ebjineba v props up, terminates on/upon
Cvens ~ nowadays egvteri=ekvderi n chapel(side)
dugma dedali Nn pl usu. eyes egzarqosi(ix.saegzarqoso) n Gr. exarch
~ mamali n pl usu. hooks (os)
dugmisebri adj hook-shaped edemi n Eden=Gardens of Eden
dumili v n (keep)silence,be silent evaleba v sb is obliged to do sth
«duJini» (Fr. douzaine) n dosen evangele=oTxTavi=saxareba n the Gospels
durgali(ix.dazga) n carpenter,joiner evoluciuri adj evolutionary
durgloba n carpentry evpatori n eupator
duqardi n pl usu. (a pair of) shares evqaristia n Gr. Eucharistia=Eucharist,the
duRabi(s) n adj mortar Blessed/Holy Sacrament
~ Txevadi n grout eziaro(ix.ziareba) v communicate
~daWirxna v ger supercharge(ing) ~mag.xelovnebas v expose to
duRili v ger boil(ing) ezo(ix.moZRvari) n court/door(yard)
~azris/politikuri n passion ~sameurneo n household
dRe n day(time) ~samSeneblo adj building site
gankiTxvis ~ Doomsday,Judgement day ~sasaxlis n court-yard
~da Ram around-the-clock ~ukana back-yard,patio/patios n sing/pl Lat
dResaswaulis ~ holiday ~Sida courtyard,atrium/atree (n sing/pl Lat
~wina ~ n eve ~wina n forecourt
uqme ~ n day off, Sabbath (Jewish) eTnarqi n etnarch
dRegrZeloba n long-live(d) eTnikuri adj ethnic(al)
dRevandeli adj current,modern/present ~umciresoba ~ minority
day,nowadays,today‟s,up-to-date Sida ~/eTnosTSorisi intraethnic
dReisTvis adv nowadays,at the time being ~warmomavloba ethnic significance
dRemde adv before us,hitherto,to this day,so ~wmenda ~ cleansing
far,up-to-date/present,recently eTnikuroba n ethnicity
~ cnobili hitherto/so far known ekala(si)(mc) n adj Smilax,acis
dRes adv nowadays, today ekali(ix.eklis) n barb, prickle,thorn
dResaswauli n festival,festivities, holiday ekvderi=egvteri n chapel(side)
~moZravi movable holiday ekvris v abutting/abuts,adjoins,is adjacent,
~sataZro patronal festive ~sofels/qalaqs ... is abutted by.., abut-
~uZravi immovable holiday ting…
dResaswaulis aRniSvna v n celebrate(ion) eklebiani adj barbed,prickly,thorny
dRveba v ger churn(ing), skim(ing) eklesia n church,ecclesia,ekklesia/ekklesi-
dRis n day‟s,daytime ae (Gr)
~sinaTle n daylight ~absidiani apsed church
~ ~ ixila came to light ~axlad miRebuli damoukideblobiT
~sinaTleze appear to ~ emergent church
~ ~ gamotana bring/come to ~ ~ganivi nefiT traverse-nave type ~ (N-S)
~wesrigi n agenda ~gumbaTovani domed ~
dRiurad/dRiuri adv adj daily ~danawevrebuli mklavebiT ~ segmented
dRiuri(s) n diary by transepts
~warmoeba v ger record(ing) ~darbazuli aisless vaulted/a single-nave
hall ~; kuppelhalle (Germ)
e ~darbazuli,minaSen(eb)iT aisles vaulted
ebani=qnari n lyre ~ with annex(es)
ebraelTa gafantva v the Dispersion,Diaspo- ~erTnaviani single nave ~
ra ~israelitTa moZravi ~ Tabernacle
ebraeli/ebrauli n adj Hebrew,Jew(ish) =kaTedrali cathedral, chapter (house)
~saritualo sakvebi kosher product ~karis court ~

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~kvadratSi Casmuli jvris gegmiT ~gumbaTis yeli n drum

cross-in- square plan ~ ~dagvirgvineba gumbaTiT v cap
=lavra n laura,monastery ~daraji n sing/pl Gr. Basilicarius/basilic-
~miZinebis Assumption church arii
~monastris monastery ~ ~darbazi mixakis foTlis formis n
~moqmedi used church clover-leaf-shaped hall
~orabsidiani two-apse ~ ~ezo n church yard, courtyard
~orgumbaTovani two-dome/cupola ~ ~ ~ galavniani n precinct
~sameklesiiani three-church ecclesia ~ekvderi n sing/pl Lat. sacrarium/sacraria
~ugumbaTo domeless church ~kaTedra n pew,pulpit
~umoqmedo disused ~ ~kalTa/wiaRi n folds(of church)
~Sverilabsidiani ~ with extending/per- ~kandelaki/meklituri n sacrist(an)
ched out apse ~kankeli n chancel, iconostass
~Caxazuli jvris formis ~ of an “insert- ~karibWe/winkari n church-porch,epistho-
ted Cross” type domos (Gr)
~Cndeba emerging church ~kverTxis mtvirTveli n verger
~centralurgumbaTovani central-dome ~kibeebiani/xarisxedi safuZveli n
~centralursaxuraviani central-roofed sing/pl Lat. pidium/podia
~centralurjvargumbaTovani central- ~konqi n conch, domed roof of church,semi
dome cruciform ~ circular apse
~waxnagovanabsidiani ~ with faceted ~rebuli n sing/pl Lat. clerus/cleri
apse ~kurTxeva v n dedicate/dedication
~win waweuli absidiT ~ with a projecting ~ ~ wawymedilis v n reconcile(ation)
apse ~kripta n crypt
~wyvilabsidini twin-apse ~ ~mamasaxlisi n churchwarden
~jvris formis cross-shaped ~ ~mamebi n pl usu. fathers of the church
eklesiaste n Ecclesiastes ~mamuli/Semosavali n temporalty
eklesiaSi ganxeTqileba v n disrupt(ion) ~mgalobeli n chorister
~eqvsi,an meti afsida/sveti n lobe ~mekuWnave n cellarer
~zaris rekva ZRvenis mirTmevisas sacr- ~meklituri/meWurWle(ix.aqve mcveli)
ing bell n sacrist,treasurer
~kverTxis mtvirTveli n verger ~minaSeni(ix.ekvderi) n annexe,sacrarium/
~mitanili ZRvenis kurTxeva n sacring sacraria (n sing/pl Lat),side chamber
~puroba church Feast ~mklavi=ganivi navi/nefi n transept(s)
~samsaxuri v officiate,celebrate,conduct ~morCili n lay brother/sister
~qadageba kaTedridan v pulpit ~moxatva v n embellish(ment)
~ZRvenis mitana v n donate(ion),expose ~mcveli(ix.aqve meklituri) n sacrist(an)
eklesiidan gankveTa/mokveTa v n commu- ~navi/nefi n nave
nicate(ion),curse by bell,book and candle ~narTeqsi narthex
eklesiis(ix.monastris,saeklesio,samonas- ~nefi(gverdiTi minaSeni) n aisle
tro,taZris) adj church‟s ~ganivi ~ n cross aisle
~amSenebeli=maSenebeli n Gr. Ktitor, ~oqsino n church curtain
donator (?) ~patronike=qandara n gallery=a raised
~afsida n apse floor/platform extending from an inner of
~aRsavlis kari n Holy Doors,Royal Gates a hall/church
~brma TaRi kedelze blind arch ~saaRmsareblo n adj confessional
~ganivi navi=nefi=transepti cross aisle ~sadiakvne/salaro n sacristry, vestry
~garSemo teritoria n parish ~sakurTxeveli n altar (table)=Holy table
~garsSemosavleli ambulatory,round-abo- ~salaro n sacristry,vestry
ut area/way ~samTaRiani kari triple arched porch
~gverdiTi minaSeni cross isle ~samkveTlo n sing/pl Lat. postophorium/
~gumbaTi(ix.gumbaTi) n dome postophoriumi; Arithesis Gr.

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~samreklo n belfry,bell/church tower,ste- colours,shine,tint

eple elviseburi/elviseburad adj abrupt(ly)
~samosis Sesanaxi robing room=metatorium elituri adj elites
~sanaTlio n baptistery eloliaveba(imeds/ocnebas) v nourish(es)
~sarkmelTa zeda rigi qorosTan n elferi n cast,hue,shade, tint
clerestory elCi(s) n ambassador/ambassadress
~satrapezo n refrectory ~TanaSemwe n envoy
~safarveli n cope elCoba n embassy
~safsalmune n ambo, pulpit emTxveva v accords(agrees,coincides,correla-
~saWurWle n treasury tes,corresponds)with,equates,followes,
~saxuravi(s) n roof(ing) serves,tends
~ ~ ganakidi=karnizis kiduli n eave emisari n emissry
~ ~ sayrdeni n point emisia v n emit, emission
~senaki n cell emijneba vinme sb refuses to acknowledge/
~sveti n pillar dissociates oneself from sb/sth
~siwminde n holiness, sanctity ~rame sth abuts against(on/onto), sth is ad-
~siwmindeTa xelyofa n v sacrilege, jacent
commit ~ emorCileba v sb/sth is subordinated to sb/
~stoa=stova n Gr. stoa sth
~qoro n choir emporiumi n sing/pl Lat. emporium/emporia
~SemoRobili teritoria n compound emsaxureba v serves, tends
~Zarcva v ger rob(ing) emyareba v sth (is) based on sth
~warCinebulni n dignitary of church emCneva v sth exhibits sty, sth seems…
~wiaRSi dabruneba v back to the folds ~kvali sth bears traces of sth
~winamZRvari n father/mither superior,prior- ena n tongue
(ess) gamarTuli ~ directness of language
~winkari n opisthodomos ~da damwerloba language and script
~wminda adgili sacred precinct ~damwerlobis mqone wtitten language
~xarisxedi safuZveli n sing/pl Lat. po- ~ mSobliuri mother/vernacular speech/
dium/podia language
eklesiuri adj monastic ~popularuli ~ (in)popularized manner/
eklis gvirgvini n crown of thorns language
ekonomia v economize, save on ~salaparako ~ n language
ekonomika/ekonomikis n economy(„s) ~saliteraturo ~ literary ~
~aramdgradi discrete economic system ~ucxo foreign ~
~sagareo outward-looking ~ Svili ~ daughter ~
~saSinao inward-looking ~ Ziri ~ parent ~
~susti diminutive ~ enagadmogdebuli adj (with) tongue put out
ekonomiurad adv economically enaze Sewyda wera language ceased to be
ekonomiuri adj economic written
~arsebobis forma mode of economical su- enaTesaveba(ix.SeiZleba) v (co)relates to, is
sistance akin/related
~safuZveli ~ basis/foundation for… endro(si) n adj Rubia(ca)=Galium spurium
~saSualeba ~ subsistance (Lat)
~urTierTobani ~ interactions enebi klasikuri the Humanirties
ekuTvnis v belongs to sb/sth,refers to eniT uTqmeli adj expressless,inexpressi-
elastiuri adj plastic, strechy ble
cocxali ~ in lively prose
elegia n eulogy
“enimki”=enis,istoriis da materialuri
elementi n feature,element,type
Kulturis instituti) ILHMC=the
eleqtrumi(s) n adj electrum=alloy of gold
Institute of Language,History and Ma-
and silver
terial Culture
elvareba n v brightness,brilliance,play of enis gadacema language convey

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~saSualebiT=zepirad convey by language ~SeerTeba/Sekvra hold together

~weris sistema writing system erTaderTi n but one,one and alone,the lone
enkaustika v wax colour(ing) erTgvaroba n homogeneity, uniformity
enkenisTve(ix.axalwlisa,seqtemberi,sTul erTgvarovani adj compact,homogeneous,
isari) n September uniform
enqeri n waistcoat erTgvarovnad adv evenly,homogeneously
eparqia n eparchy,eparchia (Gr) erTgvarovneba n homogeneity,the sameness
eparqiosi n eparch ~tipebis ~ of types
epigoni n epigon erTdroulad adv at one and the same time,
epigrafi n motto concurrently,contemporaneously,sim-
epiTalama=saqorwino simRera n sing/pl ultaneously
Gr. Epithalamium/epithalamiumi ~xdeba sth runs parallel to sth
epikuri adj epic erTdrouli adj combined,concutternt,conte-
epikurieli n feaster mporary,simultaneous
episedioni=dasakrZalavi simRera n sing/ ~damTxveva n contemporaneousness,si-
pl Gr. epicedion/epicedioni multaneousness
episkoposi n episcope ~ramesTan adj adv concurrently
episkoposis adj episcopal, episcope‟s erTdrouloba n contemporaneousness
~xarisxSi ayvana v episcopize erTeuli n individual,separate,unit
epistemologiurad adv epistemologically ~zomis measure/measuring unit
epistemologiuri adj epistemological ~monapovari isolated/single artifacts/finds
epistole n sing/pl Lat. epistola/epistolae; ~nivTi single example(item,specimen)
epistole (Gr) ~nimuSebi isolated examples
epitafia n epitaph ~sacvleli exchange unit
epitimia n penance ~Semadgeneli constituent ~ of…
epitimiadadebuli n patient ~SemTxveva/SemTxvevebi solitary instance,
epicentri n epicenter isolated case(s)
eponomi n eponym erTaderTi adj only one,single,unitary
eposi n epos,epic literature erTvis v joins
cxovelTa ~ n bestiary ~baraTs/naSroms ... is enclosed herewith
epoqa=era n age, epoch, era ~Tan is applied/attached
epoqis Sesabamisi adj period-specific sth erTi num adj one,only(one),single
era n era ~mTeli sth in one piece, sth as a whole
erbo(si) n adj grease, run butter ~ ~ naWrisgan sty made in one single
erboqva/qvis n adj touchstone piece,sth one-piece-cast
ergeba v fall to one‟s lot, sth passes to sb erTiani adj cumulative,unified,united
=morgeba v pertain to sth erTianoba n assemblage,togetherness,unifo-
erdo(ix.saxuravi) n flat roof rmity,unity
eresi=mwvalebloba n chris, heresy; erTierTmaneTze adv one over another
hairesis(Gr) ~gadasuli overlapping
eretikosi=mwvalebeli n heretic ~damokidebuli adj inter-dependent
eretikosis dawva koconze v faggot ~miyolebuli one after another
eretikuli=mwvalebluri adj heretical erTimeoris miyolebiT one behind the
erT... pref one… other
~xmaSi speak in/with one voice ~cvla succeed each other
erTad adv along(side)/together with sb/sty, erTmagi adj single
(all)together,in association with,sb juxtapo- erTmaneTze adv one over another
sed with sth,juxtaposition of sth and sth ~gadasuli clinker built,overlapping
~vinmesTan jointly with sb ~ ~ boloebi intermingled ends
~inventarTan along with inventory of grave ~dayrili heap(ed) upon one another
goods ~miwyobili=qereWi puttee
~yofna n togetherness erTmaneTi pron each other, one another

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erTmaneTis gadafarva v overlap erovnuli adj national

~miyolebiT adv alongside one another ~erToba n ~ unity
~momdevno adj consecutive,successive ~erTobis mTavroba National Unity Gover-
~msgavsi adj similar nment
~pirispir adv opposed,opposing ~TviTmyofadoba national identiry
erTmaneTSi gamavali adj contiguous,interco- ~samzareulo n ~ cuisine
nnecting ~warmomavloba n ethnicity
erTmmarTveli n sole ruler erozia v n denude(ation), erosion
erTmmarTveloba n autocracy,joint rule of sth esazRvreba v adjoins,borders,marches along,
one man rule sth is adjacent to sth
erTnairad adv equally esaWiroeba v requires, is required
erTnairi adj equal,identical,repeating,similar eskadroni n squadron
erTnairoba n equality,sameness,similarity, eskizi n sketch,scantling, trial
uniformity esse(i) n essay
erToba n association,combination,entity,toge- etapebad dayofa v phase
thrness,uniformity,unity etapi n phase,stage
~cocxali vital entity etapobrivi adj phased
~xalxis n commune,community,confeder- etiketi n etiquette
ation arq. masalis ~ n v label, tag
erToblivad adv jointly mimagreba etiketis v tally
erToblivi adj cumulative,joint,unified,united sagnis ~ n v label
~muSaoba/samuSao v n collaborate(ion) etimologia n etimology
erToblioba n v aggregate(ion),association, etimologizacia v etymologize
entity,synergy etiologi(uri) n adj etiology, etiological
erTobliobaSi adv collectivity,collectively etli(ix.sazidari,oTxTvala) n cart,chariot
erToTaxiani adj single-roomed ~dasakrZalavi n chariot,funeral ~, hearse
erTpirovnulad adv individually,personally ~erTadgiliani n box chariot
erTpirovnuli adj individual, personal ~msubuqi n light chariot
~mmarTveloba one man rule ~orTvala n carriage
erTsaxovani/erTsaxovneba adj n uniform- ~orcxena n two-horse team
(ity) ~oTxcxena n quadriga
erTferovani/erTferovnad adj adv mono- ~sabrZolo n chariot
tonous(ly) =sazidari n cart,carriage,vehicle
erTferovneba n monotony
~samTvala n tricycle
erTxel... adv once…
~sarbolo n race-chariot
~dReSi/kviraSi... per day(week,year)
~taxti n chariot-throne
~saukuneSi celential
~Wadrakis n rook
erTjer(adad) adv one at a time
etlis marTva v ride up a chariot
eri=xalxi n nation, pew
~ostati n cartwright
wvrili ~ n common people,mob,peop-
etrati n parchment
le of humble birth; n sing/pl Lat.
efineba v build up on sth,floor,pave,plank
plebs/plebes
eris mama n Pater patriae efuZneba v base,sth is rooted in sth
erisa=saero adj secular eqvemdebareba v is liable/subject to, prones to
erisTavT-erisTavi n Duke od Dukes eqvsgverda adj n hexagon
erisTavi n duke, earl(?) eqvskuTxa/eqvskuTxedi adj n hexahedral
eriskaci=mamuliSvili(ix.saero piri) n eqvsmxrivi adj six party
eminent/time honoured person eqvswaxnaga adj n hexahedron
eriskacobaSi adv in the world eqimbaSi n quack sorcerer, witch doctor
erkemali(ix.nerbi) n ram eqini n sing/pl Lat. echinus/echini
erkeri n Erker (Germ) eqo v n echo,repercussion
erovneba n ethnicity, nationality eqsedra n sing/pl Lat. exedra/exedrae
eqskursi n digression,excursus

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eqsoria n v exile exeba v applies(concerns,refers) to...

eqsoriaqmnili adj exiled ers) to…
eqspansia n expansion ~vinme raime sakiTxs naSromSi touch-
eqspansionisturi adj expansionistic es on…
eqspedicia n expedition naSromi ~ … refers to…
~mudmivmoqmedi a continuously in field sabuTi ~ document touches…
(archaeological) expedition exi n cave, hollow
eqspediciis mowyoba/Catareba v set up/ exmianeba v achoes,foreshadows,resounds
undertake excavations;take place responds,resonate
eqspertiza v n examine(ation) v
eqsploatacia v n exploitate(ion)
vadagasuli adj out-of-time
eqsploatatoruli adj exploitative
vadamde adre adv before some time, prior
eqspozicia=gamofena n v display,expose
vazi(s) n adj vine,Vitis Vinifera L. Lat
(tion)
~dagrexili adj sinuous
~mudmivi permanent ~ ~
~veluri n adj Vitis silvestris Lat.
eqsponati n exibit, museum piece
~kulturuli n Vitis Vinifera
eqstrapolacia n extrepolation
~rqa n rod
eqceva v someone treats sb somehow
~toti n grape vine
~droSi/rameSi sty fall(s) in /within
~ulvaSi n tendril
eyrdnoba v abutting from, rests upon,supp-
~usurvazi n adj Vitis silvestris Gmell Lat.
orts on,,terminates
vake(ix.dablobi) n adj level ground,lowland
~azrs/monacems rely upon
(s),plain
~naSroms refer to
valdebuleba n obligation
eSafoti n scaffold
valdebulebisgan gaTavisufleba v n
eSveba v ger descend(ing) from/towards
exempt(ion) from duties
eSvi(ix.kbili)(gvelis/ZaRlis) n fang
valdebuli adj be due(intended/obliged)
~spilosi/Roris n tusk
to sth,have/ought to..,should
eSmakeuli=eSmakis msaxuri n d(a)emon, a vali n credit,debt,impost,obligation
servant of a Devil valmoxda v pay a tribute
gandevna v drive, exorcise
vaJkacoba n bravery,prowess
eSmakoba n v deception,ploy,use stelth to lure
varaudi v n assume/assumption,contemp-
eSmakurad adv cunningly
late(ion),guess,hypothesis/hypothe-
eSmakuri adv cunning, tricky ses (Lat),infer(ence),presume,sup-
eSxi n zest pose/supposition,surmise
eCo n edze ~dausabuTebeli n v conjecture
ecado v fledge/make an attempt,strive for sth, ~winaswari v n presuppose/presuppo-
try sition,presumably, realized
~Zalian do sb‟s utmost varaudiT adv randomly
eZRvneba v (is) dedicated… to sb… varayi(ani) n adj gilt, gloss(y)
eweva v sb pulls sth/smokes vargisi adj applicable,appropriate,apt,avail-
~saqmianobas sb carries on(enjoys/practi- lable,germane,pertinent,relevant,satis-
ces) factory,feacible,fitting,suitable,usable,
ewereba(garemoSi) v insert(ed) tangible, valid
ewinaaRmdegeba v confronts,contradicts,op- ~gamosayeneblad worth of use
poses,resists,withstands,sth is contrary to sth ~dasaTariReblad datable
ewoda v dubbed (by sb) ~sakvebad edible
ewodeba/uwodeben v sb/sth is called/named ~saCveneblad presentable
as..;claim to be,identify,name ~sacxovreblad habitable
~saxeli/saxels sb/sth by name… vargisianoba n availability feacibility,validity,
eWvi n v doubt about sth,surmise,suspicion, aptitude in sth,useful(ness)
suspect,qualm vardi(s) n adj rose(bush)
eWvmitanili n adj suspect(ed) ~asfurcela n adj cabbage rose, Rosa

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centifolia (Lat) ~ Sua middle ~

vardkaWaWa n adj chicory=Cichorum Intubus velurad adv wild
Lat. ~izrdeba v grow in the wild
vardna/vardnili v adj drop/fall(ing),slide veluri(ix.cxovreba) adj wild
~wylis n falls ~adamiani n adj barbarian, sevage
vardobisa(ix.maisi,mariali(sa)n May,June veluroba n savagery, wildness
vardobisai(ix.aprili,igrika) n April venaxi=zvari n vineyard
varianti n variant, variety, version veneras Tma/Tmis(mcenare) n adj Adiantum
~adgilobrivi local peculiarity/version veragi adj perfidious
varskvlavi n v star veragoba n perfedity
~daviTis n Exogramm veraguli adj deceiful
~miuZRoda(mogvebs)…a star led them vertikaluri/vertikalurad adj adv up-
varduli n rosette right,vertical(ly)
varcli n trough vercxleuli(sufris) n plate, silverware
varcxniloba(ix.Tma) n hair(do,cut,dressing, vercxli(s)(ix.zodi,feri) n adj silver
style) ~masa fulSi n bulk ~
vasali n retainer, vassal ~minarevebiani adj base ~
vasaloba n allegiance from…to… ~nivT(eb)sty n silver object, silverwork
vaci n billy/he goat ~samkauli n ~ jewellery,silverwork
gantevebis ~ scapegoat vercxlis nivTi silver object,silverwork
vaWari n merchant, trader ~sulfidi n adj silver glance=sulfid
~Rvinis n wine merchant ~sufTa n adj pure silver
~Sualeduri n entrepot trader ~qloridi n adj horn silver=chloride
vaWroba v ger merchandise/market(ing) vercxlmkedi(s) n adj silver thread
~sazRvao sea-based trade(ing) vercxlmWedeli n silversmith
~saxmeleTo overland ~ vercxlmWedloba n silversmithary
~RviniT wine ~ verxvi(s) TeTri n adj poplar
=saz. fena tradespeople,the trade ~Savi n adj black ~
vaWrobaze gaTvlili sth trade-oriented vestibiuli n vestibule
vaWruli adj mercenary veto(s) n veto
vedreba v n ger appeal,beg,entreat(y),favo- ~ufleba right of ~
ur,intercede,invoke,pray/plead(ing) veSapi n whale
~gulmxurvale appeal hauntingly =qandakeba n vishap
~RmerTisadmi beseech/invoke God verZi(ix.erkemali,cxvari) n ram
veeba adj huge =saomari manqana n buttering ram
veziri n vizir viTareba(ni) n circumstance(s),condition(s),
velad adv afield moment,scene,state,term
velze(ve)(ix.ubani) adv afield,in the field,on vilaieTi n vilayet
site vinaoba n identification,identity,name
~daculi adj protected,sheltered vinme(s) n somebody,someone
~nakveTi n plot, section ~wyalobiT owing to sb
~Wrili n cutting viri n ass, donkey
veli(ix.dablobi,vake) n dale, field ~veluri n anager Gr.
~arqeologiuri n field, site viristerfa(si)=joristerfa(si) n adj
~brZolis n battle-field coltsfoot
~magnituri adj confining field virtuozi n adj virtuoso
velis done(ix.done) n level, phase virtuozuli adj masterly
~Tanamedrove done(ze) modern/present vitraJi(ix.mina) n stained glasswindow
ground level(plain/surface) vitrina(fr) n (shop) window
~zeda upper level ~muzeumSi n (show)case, vitrine (Fr)
~samSeneblo building ~ viwro adj confined,narrow
~qveda lower ~ ~gasasvleli n interstices,narrow passage

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viwroebi n pl narrows zardaxSa n casket

vneba n lust, passion ~sabuTebis n deed box
=tkena/tkivili v n hurt, pain zari(s)(ix.zaraki,rekva) n bell
~xorcieli n adj carnal(ity) ~dakrZalvisas n passing bell, toll(n/v)
vnebaTaRelva n passion,trouble ~datireba n v ger lament, wail(ing)
vinmes/ramis gamo the trouble with sb/sth ~samgloviaro n (a/the) knell
vnebis kvira=didi Svideuli n Passion zaris ena n clapper, tongue
Week ~liToni n bell-metal
~ ~ dRe n Passion Sunday ~mrekavi n bell-ringer
~kviris orSabaTi Saint Monday ~rekva v n chime, peal
~ ~ samSabaTi Good/Shrove Tuesday ~yuri n tang
~ ~ oTxSabaTi the Annunciation zarisebri adj bellshaped
~ ~ xuTSabaTi Moundy Thursday zarniSi n inlay
~ ~ paraskevi(wiTeli) Good Friday zafrana/zafranis(sakmazi) n adj saffron=
~ ~ SabaTi Easter Eve, Holy Saturday Crocus savitis Lat.
~miyeneba v n affect zeadamianuri adj transhuman
~ yvavili(s) n adj passion flower=Passi- zeapyrobili adj raised (eyes,hands)
flora gen. Lat. zeasvla v ger ascend(ing)
voluta n sing/pl Lat. volute/volutae zeaweuli adj elevated,high-swang, raised
vrceldeba v extends/ runs through,sapans, zebunebrivi adj uncunny, weird
spreads zegavlena n adj imfact on,influence,press-
~xangrZlivad sth with a long-lasting distri- ure on
bution zegani(ix.plato) n highlands(s), upland
vrceli adj broad,expanded,vast zeda(ix.done) adv supermost, upper
vulkani n volcano ~zRvari n upper border/limit
~mTvlemare/Camqrali dormant ~ ~nawili/tani n upper part
vulkanis krateri n caldera ~sarTuli n upstears
~amofrqveviT Seqmnili borcvi shield sul ~ n sth topmost/supermost
volcano zedadgari/zedsadgari n trivet
~krateris wina ferdi n ante-caldera zedamxedveli n overseer, supervisor
~nacris fena n tephra layer ~cixis n jailer
vulkanuri ferflis fena tephra layer zedamxedveloba v n supervise,supervision
z zedapirze adv on the face/surface
zadi n damage, defect, lost gare ~ ~ ~ exterior/outside ~
zavi n treaty Sida ~ ~ ~ interior/inside ~
~brZolebs Soris n armistice, truce zedapiri n area,side, surface
~samSvidobo n a peace treaty ~gadalesili adj topcoated
zavis dadeba v conclude/make treaty(peace) ~gare(Ta) n exterior,face,outer surface
enter into peace treaty with sb ~daxrili adj sloping ~
zambaxi(s) n adj iris ~erTgvarovani/erTferovani plain/smooth
zamTris Zili v n hibernate(ion) ~Tanamedrove present ground level
zamTrisa adj wintry ~koncentruli xazebiT ~ with concentric
zanduki=skivri n chest lines
zaraki(ix.zari) n rattle ~miwis terrain
zarali n damage,loss(es),waste ~saxmari bearing ~
v suffer losses ~swori even(level/plane) ~
zarafi=mezarafxane(ix.moneta) n coiner, ~ukana negative ~
(coin)minter ~uswormasworo chipped ~
zarafxana n mint ~uxeSi grind(hard/rough) ~
zarafxanis baJi n ~ duty ~Sida inner(interior,reverse) ~
zarbazani n canon ~wina positive ~
zarbaznis sazidari n gun-carriage ~xaoian-zoliani/xaoiani strained/striat-

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ion ~ zeTsaxdeli(ix.dolabi) n oil mill/press,

zedapiris damuSaveba v n treat(ment) oil-stone
~ ~ siTxiT v slip (wash) zeimi n v celebrate(ion),commemorate
~gazrda ornamentis saSualebiT corr- zeinkali n locksmith
ugate the surface zekari n pass
~mosworeba v ger dress(ing),making zela=zelva v ger knead/pug(ing)
smooth,smooth(ing),trim(ing) zemo adj up(per)
zedapiruli adj cursory,shallow,superficial, zemoT adv above, over,up(stairs)
surface zemoqmedeba v n effect, impact,induce
~dafeneba/damuSaveba surface stripping ~ TanabarZaliani diagonal thrust
~kvleva suface survey zemoxsenebuli adj above/previously ment-
zedapiruloba n sketchiness of sth ioned,noted earlier
zedaSe(ix.sazedaSe) n adj Holy/sacramental zeniti n heyday,zenith
wine ganviTarebis ~ v n heyday=hey
zedized adj adv consecutive(ly) day,flourish/peak of sth
zedmetad adv additionally,excessively,over zeoba n heyday=hey day,period of greatness,
(emphasized),too(much) in one‟s height/peak,have one‟s heyday
zedmeti adj additional,excessive,extra,sur- zepirad adv by heart, oral(ly)
plus ~Tqma v recite
~dro/fuli odd moment/mone zepiri gadmocema n legend, tradition
~saxeli n nickname zepirsityvierad adv from mouth to mouth
~xarji overhead costs zepirsityviereba n narrative art,oral literatu-
zedmetoba n surplus ure
zedmiwevniT(i) adv accurate(ly),meticulous zerele adj casual,cursory,inadvertent,sket-
(ly),precise(ly) chy,superficial
~damuSaveba v n elaborate(ion) ~buneba/xasiaTi cursory nature
~zusti adj meticulous,precise,precision zereled adv casually, cursorily,in most ge-
zedmiwevniT(i) adj meticulous(ly) nearl llight,inadvertently,supeficially
zednaSeni n superstructure zereloba n sketchiness
zedsadgami n added piece,extention zeSTagoneba n revelation
zedsakravi n packing zeca n heaven, sky
zedxedi n plan view zecad amaRleba/asvla rise into the sky
zevidan adv above,from above/over zecieri adj celestial
~adevs v overlies zeciereba n unworldliness
~gadafarva v superimpose by sth zecis manaTobelni=angelozni the heav-
~dadgmuli adj mounted, overlain enly hosts
~dadebuli adj sth lengthened,mounted, ~mnaTob(n) n sing/pl the heavenly bodies
with,superimposed zeciuri adj heavenly
~dasadgmeli adj added piece ~meufe n ~ King
zeviT adv above,over,up(stairs),upward(s), ~mxedroba/Zalebi n pl Hosts
at the summit zeZirkveli=cokoli n sockle
~akecili adj upturned zewari(xuroTmoZRvruli) n purlin
~Tavze/TavSi adv at the summit, over zewola v n (create) pressure/tension
=wverze adv atop zvavi n avalanche, lump
adj ~mimarTuli adj upward directed zvaraki n sacrifice, sin offering
zeTi(s) n adj oil zvini(s) n adj heycock, rick, stack
wminda ~ n adj Holy oil ~dadgma v raise a haycock
zeTiT gaJRenTili adj oiled, oily zvinuli(ix.samarxis) n heap, mound
zeTisxili(s) n adj olive ~damcavi adj embankment, rampart
~xe/xis n adj ~ tree ~miwis n agger, earthenwall
zeTovani adj oily ~xis earth and timber wall
~mcenare oil-yielding plant ziani n lesion

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ziareba(ix,wminda) n v communion,receive~ ~qirurgiuli n specillum

~sikvdilis win to administer extreme un- ~yuris n ear-probe,ligula/ligulae (Lat)
ction, to anoint zondireba v ger probe(ing),sound(ing)
~wminda Blessed Sacrament zoroastri/zoroastruli n adj Zoroast-
ziari adj common,exposed to, share sth rian
zigurati/zikurati n ziggurat zoroastrizmi adj Zoroastrianism
zili(xma)=kontralto n contralto zrda v n enhance,enlarge(ment),grow(th),
zodi n bar, ingot heighten,increase
~vercxlis n silver bullion ~popularobis v increase in popularity
zoli n applique,band,cordon,line,rib,stripe ~raodenobrivi v proliferate
~damcavi n preventive line ~Sesabamisi adj corresponding increase in..
~viwro n pl fringes of… increasing,progressive
~sanapiro coast(al)(line),(fringe) sea shore zrdadi adj excessive,expanding,increasing,
zoma n dimension(s),measure(ment)(s),mag- growing,progressive
nitude,size zrdasruli adj adult, mature
~namdvili instrument(length,width,height) zrdausruli adj immature, subadult age
~naturaluri actual/full size zro=tani xis n stuff,trunk
~saerTo overall dimensions zubri n auroch=Bos bonanus Lat.
~saSualo medium,normal zurgze adv on/upon back
zomas gadasuli adj excessive ~mimagrebuli sth attached to the back
zomaSi momatebuli adj extended ~mwolare (sb lying) backwards, on one‟s
2 back
zomebia... eg sth measuring 3 by 5 m
zomebis miReba v provide measures,take st- zurgi n back, reverse
eps zurgiani=amozurguli adj backed
zomierad adv moderately,modestly,sparingly zurgiT erTmaneTisaken=zurgSeqceuli
zomiereba n temperatness adv back to back
zomieri adv moderate,modest,reasonable, zurgimxare n rear surface
temperate zurgis gamagreba=mxardaWera v back
zomiT...adv measures/ measuring by… in size zurgs ukan adv behind someone‟s back
with..,dimensions from…to… ~umagrebs sth is backed up with sty; sb
~didi adj exaggerate(d) backs sb/sth
~erTi/erTnairi adj (sth of) uniform size zurgSeqceviT erTmaneTTan adv adorsed
raRac ~ adv at certain extent zurgCanTa n rucksack, valice
~saSualo adj (sth of) medium ~ ~eqimis n kit
~sWarbobs v surpass(ing)sth in ~ zurmuxti(s) n adj emerald
~Sesabamisi adj weiiproportioned zustad adv accurately,definitely,exactly,ex-
zomis dadgena v delineate,fix plicetely,in impressive manner,precise-
~erTeuli n measuring unit ly,properly,strictly,definitely,literary,aptly
zona n region, zone zusti adj apt,definite,detailed,explicit,exact,
~bunebrivi environmetal zone exquisite,precise,proper,secure,strict
zuCi n helmet
~buferuli buffer ~
zRapari n fable, tale
~geografiuli n zone
zRapruli adj fabulous
~klimaturi n climatic ~
zRva/zRvis n adj sea
~moqmedebis n region/zone
~ekvris N sea washes N country
=sartyeli n climate/temperate zone
~masala n extensive quantity of material(s),
~sasazRvro frontier ~
wealth of information
zonari/zonris n adj band, cord, lace
~Sida adj inland/landlocked sea
~gayra v lice, tie
zRvaze adv at/on (the) sea
=Tavsakravi n headband
~batonoba Lat. imperium maritimum
zondi n probe
~gasasvleli access to the sea,sea pass-
=kovzi n spoon-probe
age
~martivi simple-specillum probe

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zRvaosani(ix.mezRvauri) n seafarer zRude(ix.galavani) n barrier against,cofi-

zRvaosnoba n seafaring ne,enclosing(enclosure/surrounding)
zRvarze yofna v be on the verge of sth wall
zRvari n border,bound(ary),confine,edge, ~qvis n stone wall
mere,side,limit,line,level,margin,threshold, ~Zelis n double timber, timber wall
verge zRuderi n a site of ancient settlement
~zeda upper bed(border/limit) zRurbli n doorstep, threshold
~zusti exact line = kari n door-sill
~kulturuli cultural interface zRurblispira adj liminal space
~qveda lower bed/limit T
zRve n cattle-shed
TabaSiri(s) n adj gypsum,calcium sulphate,
zRviT adv sea (communication) routs
plaster of Paris
~da xmeleTiT sea and valley ~
~gamomwvari n adj calcined gypsum
zRvis(a) adj sea,marine,maritime,seaward
~xsnari gypsum plaster,calcium sulfate
~auzi n basin
TabaSiriT Selesva/Selesili v adj gyp-
~gadaRma/gadaRmeli adv adj overseas
sum plaster(ed)
~gayolebiT fringe seashore Tagvisara(si)=Zmerxli(s) n adj butcher‟s
~gza maritime rout(s) broom=box/knee holly=sweetbroom=
~done n sea-level, Ordnance Datum Ruscus Aculaetus(angustifolim) Lat.
~doneze dabla adv low-lying coast Tavadaznauroba n the nobility, noblemen
~ ~ ~ daweva v n transgress Tavadi(s) n earl, graf
(ion) ~batonoba n lordship of…
~donidan (height) above sea-level; at an/ ~didi n Grand Duke
the altitude Tavbrtyeli adj sth flat/plain headed/topped
~donis cvlileba change in level of the TavburTula adj ball-ended,spherical-head-
sea ed
~viwro sanapiro zoli fringe sea shore Tavgadasavali n adventure,biography,hagi-
~zRarbi n urchin ography
~iqiTa adj oversea(s),cis+ any sea Tavdamsxmeli n assaulter intruder,invader
~moqceva v n flow,flux Tavdapirvelad adv entirely,from the out-
~moqceva-ukuqceva n tide set,originally,previously
~mucelfexa marine gastropod Tavdapirvelad adv initially,originally
~napira adj seaside Tavdapirveli adj initial,original
~napiri=sanapiro n coast, shore ~niSani original feature
~pira adj maritime ~warmomavloba original significance
~sanapiro adj coast(al),quay,seaboard/si- Tavdasxma v n attack,invade/invasion,incurs-
de,shore,littoral sion,impact,depredation,inroad,intrusi-
~sanapiroze adv ashore, on the shore on,overrun,raid,rush,sortie
~sarewi n sea trade ~gamanadgurebeli depredation of sb
~ukuqceva v n ebb, reflux ~faruli adj sneackattack
~SesarTavi n mouth TavdaRma/TavdaRmarT(S)i adv downhill
~cxoveli n sea creature Tavdayira adv inverted,turned upside down,
zRvisken adv seaward (orientation) top to botteom
zRvispira/sazRvao adj maritime Tavdacva v n defend/defence from against
~zoli n ~ belt attack
~ ~ viwro fringe sea shore TavdacviTi adj defensive
zRvispireTi n seaside Tavdacvis unaris mqone adj tenable
zRvispiruli adj littoral TavdacvisTvis uvargisi adj untenable
zRvrebSi(jdeba) adv within the confines Tavdacobili adj corked up
zRvruli adj confined,critical,limited,maxi- Tavdaxveuli adj sth with tied/twisted end/top
mum,utmost Tavdaxra=Tavis dakvra v n (low) bow, nod
zRudari(ix.uReli) n dam ~miwamde bow to the ground

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Tavdaxuruli adj covered/mounted with, Tavisebureba(ni) n characteristic feature(s),

capped condition,distinctness,peculiarity,pro-
Taveli n ear, spike perty,pattern of sth,trait(s)
TavebiT erTmaneTze mikruli adj oppos- Taviseburi adj characteristic,distinctive,in-
ing heads dividual,peculiar,singular,specific,typical
Tavze adv above/over,at/on the top of TaviskveTa v n ger behead(ing),decapitation
~dadgma/dasma v perch on sth,superimpose, TavisTavadoba n adentity
top sth by sth TavisTvis yofna v hold sb‟s own,keep to
~dadgmuli/damagrebuli sth mounted sb‟s self
with sth,superimposed,topped by sth Tavisufali adj free
~wamosacmeli n cover,terminal mounting ~ramisgan adj devoid of sth
TavTavi(sebri) v adj spike/spiky Tavisuflad adv easily,freely,on the loose,
TavTuxi(s)(ix.xorbali) n adj hard wheat loosely,comfortably
~rbili n adj soft ~ , eincorn ~kiduli dangling
TavTxeli n ford, shallow water,shallowness ~mdgomi(mag.sayrdeni) detouched point,
Tavi n crown,cupola,head, -self,top free-standing
~msxlisebri pear-shaped head Tavisufleba n freedom,liberty
~reliefuri embossed/raised ~ ~rwmenis ~ of worship
~satexisebri chisel-shaped ~ ~sityvis ~ of speech
~sferuli sphere-shaped ~ Tavkveriani adj hammer-headed
~taris(ix.satevris) plug, tip Tavla n stable
~wignSi n chapter Tavmdabali adj humble, modest
~Wviruli adj open-work head Tavmdabloba n humbleness,modesty
Tavidan adv again,at the outset of sth,from Tavminebebuli adj abandoned, neglected
the beginning,initially,primary Tavmoyvareoba n self-respect
~dawyeba v restart Tavmoyra v n ger accumulate(ion),aggrega-
Tavidanve adv entirely,from the first,initially, te(ion),(a)mass,assemble/assemblage,con-
originally,previously,right from the beg- centrate(ion),consolidate(ion),converge(nce
ginning(outset/start) gather(ing),agglomerate(ion),bring/crowd to
~Caisaxa v stem(ed) originally from… gether,cluster,group
TaviT saiTme adv head oriented towards… Tavmoyrili adj accumulated,aggregated,
Tavis pron his, her(s), its contracted,consolidated,gathered,con-
~danebeba v give up vergent
~TavSi moicavs sth largerly comprises/in- ~raRacis garSemo centered around sty
volves Tavmjdomareoba v n chair, preside(ncy)
~mokveTa v behead,dicapitate TavmjdomareobiT adv under chairmanship
~portreti portrait head Tavs datydoma=Wiri n v plague
~qala(s) n sing/pl Lat. cranium/crania,skull ~daitexo rame v incure
~dazianeba n lesion ~iwonebs v sports
~ ~ deformacia skull deformity ~moxveva v n impose/imposition
~ ~ deformirebuli deformed skull Tavsaburavi=Tavsarqmeli n head(dress/
~ ~ Txemi(s) n adj sinciput(al) gear)
~ ~ kefa n back of the head Tavsakravi Tasma n headband
~ ~ nakeri n suture TavsarTi(ix.wignSi) n illumination
~Sekaveba v refrain from sth ~sityvis n prefix
~Semofargvla v limit onrself to… TavsasTumali n leaning headrest
~Sefareba v shelter Tavsafari n kerchief,scarf
~Sewirva saqmisTvis apply oneself to do Tavqudmoglejili adj adv frantic(al)(ly)
(ing) sth,vow oneself to a life of selsacri- Tavyriloba n congregation,convention,
fice gathering
~Svela flee, take flight TavSava(si)(mc) n adj marjoram=Origanum-
~wardgena v present oneself marjorana Lat.
TavSekavebuli adj sobering,temperate

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TavSesafari n v asylum,care home,charity, current(ly)

receptacle, refuge,shelter TanamebrZoli v to flock to sb‟s banner
~obolTa n orphanage Tanamedrove adj current,modernpresent,rec-
TavSesafris micemav accommodate,harbore cent,up to date
~moTxovnis ufleba right of sanctuary ~vinme vinmesi n contemporary sb
TavSeukavebeli adj intemperate Tanamedroveni n pl contemporaries
TavSeyra v congregate Tanamedroveoba n modernity
Tavxe n gable, lintel Tanamedroveobamde adv before the modern
Tavxvia adj roll-headed era,to this day
TaTi n paw ~didi xniT adre long before the modern
=Sverili n tongue era
~farfliani flipper ~ Tanameinaxeoba n commensality
TaTis baliSi n pad Tanamemamule n adj (fellow) countryman
Taiguli n bunch (of flowers) Tanamesaydre=TanammarTveli n adj co-
Talgamura=miwamxala n adj swede ruller,counterpart
Tamasa n cleat, rod Tanamecxedre=meuRle n husband/wife
Tamasuqi n bill Tanamoazre n follower,like-minded person,
Tana.... pref co… proponent
~avtori/avtoroba n co-author(ship) Tanamonawileoba n emplication
~arseboba v n co-exist(ance),sth sits with Tanamosaubre n counterpart
sth Tanamosaqme/moZme n counterpart
~dasaxleba n emporion, sub-settlement TanamSromloba v n collaborate(cooperate,
~droulad adv contemporaneous/simul- contribute)(ion),work alongside with sb
taneously with sth (ion),work alongside with
~drouli adj contemporaneous/contem- Tanatomeli n cognate/fellow tribesman
porary with,coterminous,current,sth of eq- Tana(deda)qalaqi n co-capital
uivalent date,simultaneous,update Tandayolili adj by birth,inborn,indigen-
~drouloba n contemporaneousness, ous,innate,ingrained,inherent,native
contemporaniety,simultaneousness Tanmdevi adj concomitant,consequent(ial)
~mdgomi=Tanamesagre n running mate Tanameinaxeoba n commensality
~mdevi adj concomitant(ly),ensuing Tanamesagre=Tanamdgomi n running mate
~ ~ =aucilebeli(mag.omisa-gaWirveba) Tanmimdevroba n order,sequence
sth bringing sty in its wake ~aRmavali ascending order
~ ~ movlena raRacis Semdeg adj ~daRmavali descending ~
(con)sequent(ial) ~fenebis sequence of deposition
~monawileoba v n involve(ment),parti- ~logikuri coherent account
cipate(ion),in sth ~sanimuSo master sequence
Tanabar manZilze adv regularly spaced Tanmimdevrulad adv gradually,(con)seque-
Tanabari adj (co)equal ntially
TanabarZaliani (ze)moqmedeba diagonal Tanmimdevruli adj coherent,consecutive,
thrust consequent,gradual
Tanabarwilad adv on equal terms Tanmimdevruloba n cohesion,sequence,suc
Tanabarxelisuflebianoba n balance of cession
power Tanmxvedri adj coincident
Tanabrad adv equally, evenly,steadily ~droSi coinciding/coincident in time with sth
Tanadgoma v n assist(ance) Tanmxlebi adj accompanying,companion,
~brZolaSi v flock to sb‟s banner attendant,satellite
Tanavarskvlavedi n constellation ~masala/masaliT (with)accompanying
Tanaziari n believer pieces
Tanamgzavri n adj satellite ~masalis gareSe without ~ ~
Tanamdgomi=Tanamesagre n running mate ~nivTi accompanying/concomitant item
Tanamdevi adj concomitant,consequent,con- Tanmxlebi n adj attendant,satellite
TanSezrdili adj inherent

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 სარჩევი
Tanxvdeba v accords,agrees,coincides,con-
verges,correspond,match,resonate
Tanxvedra v n accord(ance) with,agree
(ment) of,in accordance with,coincide,
coincidence,correspond(ence),correlate
(ion),conform,equate,the sameness
Tanxvedrili adj coincident,corresponding,
correlative,reconcileable
Tanxleba v n accompany(ment),attendd
(ance),conduct,to float to sb‟s banner
Tanxmoba v n accept(ance),agree(ment),ap-
prve/approval,consent,convention,endorse
cohesion,understanding
sruli/udao ~ unquestioning acceptance
Taoba n generation
momavali Taoba/Taobebi n posterity
Taobebze gadacemav n transmit/transmission
Taobebi momdevno n pl descendant(s)
Taobebis ganmavlobaSi adv generational
Taobidan Taobas adv generational, heredi-
trary,mouth to mouth
Tarazo n spirit/water level
Tarazulad=horizontalurad adv cross
wise,horisontally
Tarazuli adj cross,horizontal
Targi n model,pattern,matrix/matrices (n
sing/pl Lat)
Targmna v n interpret(ation),translate(ion)
~pirdapiri literar translation
~sxva enaze v n render/rendition
TariRdeba v sth is datable to..,dating/dates,
is dated to/by,is ascribed/assign-
ed a date,sth comes from N cent/mil
~advilad sth is more readily/easily datable
~adreuli xaniTsth dated by/to early period
ar/ver ~ sth is undatable
~araugvianes... dated no later than…
=arsebobs/xdeba sth exists/happens
~aTasw/sauk.ganmavlobaSi sth ~ ~
through N mill/cent
~ ~ N aTasw/sauk. da Semdgom
sth ~ ~ in the N mill/cent
mill/cent.and beyond
~ ~ N aTasw/sauk. dasawyisidan
M-mde sth ~ ~ from the begin-
Ing of the N to the M mill/cent.
~ arq.kompleqsiT sth dated by archaeolo-
gical context
~bolo wlebiT sth dating from final years
~gviani xaniT sth dated to/by late period,
postdates
~daaxloebiT date(ing) around/by…
~dasawyisiT dated/dating to/by; dating from
79
the beginning(years) of the N cent/mill
~ ~ N aTasw/saukunidan M-is CaTv-
liT sth ~ ~ in the N to through the M
cent/mill
~ ~ N aTasw/saukunidan M-mde
from the N to the M mil/cent.
~ ~ Sua xanebiT sth dated to/by
middle late period
~zustad sth is firmly dated to/by…
~TiTqos.... sth seem(s) to date to/by…
~ ~ Tanadrouli xaniT sth dating
roughly contemporaneous of…
~imave droiT sth date/dating in the same
time
~iseTi adreuli xaniT,rogoricaa...
sth may be dated as far back as N
cent/mill
~mijniT sth dating at the turn of..,sth date/
dating from between the turn of N-M
cent/mill
~nivTiT/niSniT sth dated by some artifact/
feature
~savaraudod ostensibly/tentatively dated to
~sandod securely dated to…
~ukana ricxviT v antedates/antedating
~umetesad/umeteswiladmostly dated/dating
~ufro gviani ricxviT sty dates/dating
by/to much later period
~N aTasw/sauk. I naxevris dasawyisiT
sth dating from the beginning of the
1st=earlier half/part of the N mill/cent
~N aTasw/sauk. I naxevriT sth dating to/
from the 1st=earlier half/part of the N
mill/cent.
~N aTasw/sauk. dasawyisiT sth dating to/
From the beginning of the N mill/cent
~ N aTasw/sauk. I,II,III,IV meoTxediT sth
dated to/dating from the1st(2nd,3rd,4th)
quarter of the N mill/cent
~N aTasw/sauk. SuaxanebiT sth dated to/
dating from the mid N mill/cent
~N aTasw/sauk.ori Sua meoTxediT sth
dated to/dating from the two middle
quarters of the N mill/cent
~N aTasw/sauk. II naxevris dasawyisiT
sth dated to/dating from the beginning
of the 2nd half/part of the N mill/cent
~N aTasw/sauk. II naxevriT sth dated to/
dating from the 2nd=later half/part of
the N mill/cent.
~N aTasw/sauk. boloTi sth dated to/
dating from the end.fall of the N mill/cent.
~N aTasw/sauk. dasasruliswina xaniT
sth dated to/dating from before the
 სარჩევი

close of the N mill/cent; sth dating ~miewereba ~ is attributable to N period

by late in the N mill/cent. ~modis the ~ lies..,the ~may be traced back
~N aTasw/sauk. boloTi an M-is dasa- to N cent/mill
wyisiT sth dated to/dating from the late ~ ~ mijnaze ~ ~ ~ at the turn of…
N mill/cent. or early M mill/cent. ~moyolebuli …dan da Semdeg from…on-
~N-M aTasw/sauk.mijniT sth dated to/ wards
dating from between the turn of the ~sadao disputable/disputed date
N-N mill/cent. ~savaraudo conjectural(hypothetical/ostensi-
~N an TiTqmis M aTasw/sauk. sth dated ble ~
to/dating from the N or even M cent/mill. ~sando reliable/secure ~
TariRi n v date/dating ~sawyisi baseline about.., starting ~
~absoluturi absolute ~ ~ ~susti loose chronology/date
~adreuli/dawyebis early/earlier ~ ~; low ~swvdeba date spans/stretches from…to…
chronology ~tipologiuri typology dating
~amosavali chronological anchor,pivotal date ~uswrebs sth precede sth
~arazusti/susti loose chronology/date, ~ ~faravs raRac periods date spans…
loose in parts ~fenebis mixedviT varve dating
~aramdgradi/cvalebadi vagary date/dating ~SedarebiTi comperative date
~gadadis/scildeba date runs into follow- ~SeiZleba mivakuTvnoT... sth could date
ing (period of time) to N period/century
~ganisazRvreba ~is attributable to N period ~ ~ Cajdes date can be placed..,
~ganmavlobaSi through/in any part of(peri- date rangs from the N to the M; date falls in
od,time) period..,in date sth falls in…
~gaurkveveli date loose in parts ~SemosazRvruli date is confined to the
~gviani sth late(r)(st) in date N period(century/millennium)
~ ~ droiT postdate ~Seusabamo insufficient date
~ ~ SuaxanebiT middledate ~SefardebiTi relative dating
~daarsebis foundation date ~Sua xanebamde sth dating before the
~daaxloebiT sadRac…sometime around… middle...
~dadgenili fixed date ~Suaxanebi middle stretch of…
~damrgvalebuli rounded ~ ~ ~ xanebis Semdeg sth dating after the
~droebiTi/pirobiTi provisional ~ middle…
~emTxveva date corresponds,in date sth falls ~Cadis Rrmad... date stretches back into the
in… N period
~erTnairi/Tanadrouli equivalent date ~cvalebadi vagary date/dating
~eqceva sth dated within (any) mill/cent. ~ZiriTadi pivotal date
~eyrdnoba date rests upon sth ~jdeba the date lies/spans…
~zedmiwevniT miaxloebuli closely app- ~ ~ zRvrebSi... date lies within the
roximate date confines
~zerele/zogadi rough date; sth roughly ~ jvaredini cross dating
dated TariRTan dakavSirebiT uxerxuloba un-
~zusti exact/precise date ease about dates
~TanmimdevrobiTi sequence dating TariRiT erTnairi equivalent in date
~ixreba... date inclines to the… ~uswrebs v predates
~meryevi/cvalebadi erratic date TariRis gansazRvra/dadgena v n asses/
~meryeobs dates/rangs from… in… establish(ment),provide the date for sth
~miaxloebiTi approximate/rough date ~aTvla iwyeba... baseline(is) about N cent…
~midis date may be traced back to N cent/mill ~gaaxalgazrdaveba push (date)forward
~ ~ Rrmad droSi date stretches back ~gadaxra v n incline(ation) of the date
into X priod ~damadasturebeli masala examples
~ ~Rrmad, roca...date goes back to time providing confirmation of the date
when… ~daZveleba push (date) back
~miekuTvneba sth dates drom… ~mixedviT...in date sth falls…

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 სარჩევი

~Secvla v ger change the date,redate(ing) ~ ~ qandake(be)biT~ decorated with figures

~cvalebadoba vagary of dating ~qva n arch/vault stone
TariRs aaxalgazrdavebs v postdates ~qusli n cousinet,haunch,impost
~amyarebs sth (strongly) supports the date ~quslis qva n springer
(ing) of sth ~Sida zedapiri n intrados
~aZvelebs antedates,stretch back to N cent/ ~Sua qva n keystone
mill,pushes back to… TaRiseburad adv archwise
~gvTavazobs/iZleva date is suggested by ~gakeTebuli sty made by cupping
sb/sth; sb/sth gives/offers the date TaRiseburi adj arch-like
~Seesabameba sth corresponds to some da- TaRszeda adj above/over arch
te(ing) ~nageboba n spandrel
Taro(ix.buxaris) n shelf Tayvaniscema v admire,adore,venerate
Tasma n cord,fillet,strap,string,twine TaxCa n alcove,niche
~Tavse/Tavis n headband Tbili=tfili adj warm
~fexsacmlis n shoe-string TbogamZle adj heatproof
Tasmisebri adj straplike Tburi adj thermal
Tafli(s) n adj honey Teatraluri adj scenic
Tafonomuri adj taphonomic Teatri(s) n adj theatre
TaRebis SeerTebis adgili n groin Tebervali(ix.mihrakani,surwyunisi) n
TaRedi=TaRnari n arcade,archway February
TaRTaSorisi sivrce n bay Tegva v ger draw(ing)
TaRi(ix.kamara n adj arch,canopy Tevzaoba v ger fish(ing)
~brtyeli/damreci flat/straight arch ~badiT v siene
~bjenebiani/bjenis corbel ~ TevzWera n fishery
~bjeniani/Sveriliani corbelling ~ sanapiro ~ strand ~
~ bjenis corbel ~ Tezisebi n pl. proceedings(eg of symposium)
~ganmtvirTavi/Semamsubuqebeli dis- Tezisi n sing/pl Lat. thesis/thesisis
charging/relieving ~ TeTra(si) n adj white lead,zink white,ceruse
~gvirabis n barrel = umarili(s) n adj whitewash
~ eyrdnoba... abutting from, rests upon TerTyvavila(si) n adj comfrey, Symphytum
~kasrisebri(naxvarwriuli/cilindruli gen. Officinale gen.
barrel(tunnel/wagon) arch TeTrwvera adamiani beard hoar with age
~ mavritanuli/nalisebri horseshoe arch Tela/Telis n adj elmtree=Ulmus (Lat)
~nalisebri horse-shoe ~ Telva v ger full(ing)
~ naxevarwriuli full center(perfect/round- Temi n commune,community
head),centering ~ Teodoliti n transit
~samcentriani basket ~ Teoforuli adj Theoporic
~svetebze dayrdnobili stiltered ~ Termuli(ix.wyaro) thermal
~triumfaluri triumphal arch ~damuSaveba v n ger thermo-treat(ment)
~unagira strainer ~ (ing)
~Sveriliani corbel ~ Tesva v ger sow(ing)
~cilindruli tunnel/wagon vault TesvisSorisi kulturebi n pl catch
~cicabo stilted ~ crops
~cru corbelled ~ Tesli n seed
~jvriseburi cross/groin vault Teslbrunva v n rotation of crops
TaRiani adj arched TefSebi(sakravi)(ix.WurWeli) n pl cymbal
TaRis adj arch TeZo(ix.Zvali) n hounch
~gare/zeda zedapiri extrados TeZos Tavi n hip
~naxevarrkali/qusli n haunch ~saxvevi n loincloth
~pilastri(ix.naxevarpiloni) n respond Tejiri n screen
~rkali n haunch, ogee Tvala=Tvaledi(ix.ornamenti) adj netted
~ube n spandrel Tvalbude(ix.beWdis) n eye-socket

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TvalzomiT(i) v n estimate(ion) by eye Tvisobrivad adv qualitatively

Tvali(ix.beWdis,urmis) n eye Tvisobrivi adj qualitative
avi ~ evil ~ Tvistomi n fellow tribesman
maxvili ~ eagle-eye(d),keen sight(ed) Tvlebiani=Tvliani=TvlebiT Semkuli
~patiosani/Zvirfasi precious/splendid adj inlayed with stones
stone ~samkauli inlayed/set with(any adornment)
~uWiravs v eye Tvlebiani=Tvliani adj wheeled
~Casasmeli n inset, insertion ~sazidari n carriage,cart
TvalisCini=mxedveloba n eye-sight ~transporti n vehicle
cular,pronouncd,visual Tvlema=wyvetili v n ger nod(ing)
TvalsaCino adj spectacular Tibva v ger mow(ing)
Tvalsawierze adv in sight,within proximity Tibisai(ix.vardobisa,ivnisi,marialisa) n
Tvalsawieri(s) n horizon,sight,vicinity June
~miRma adv within the sight Tiva/Tivis n adj straw,veld/wild grasses,tha-
TvalsawierSi adv within proximity/sight tch
Tvalyuris devneba v n observe(ation), TiTberi/TiTbris n adj v brass
watch TiTi(ix.mokecili) n finger
TvalSisacemad adv markedly,remarkably, ~araTiTi=usaxelo ring ~ ; annulary
strikingly ~bera=cera thumb
TvalSisacemi adj conspicuous,distinctive, ~neki/neka little finger
insistant,manifest,notable,noticeable,pro- ~saCvenebeli fore/index ~
minent,pronounced,remarkablesignificant, ~fexis toe(s)
striking,apparent,showy ~Sua middle finger
TvalCasmuli adj inserted/studded in TiTis gaSvera v finger
Tvalwarmtaci adj catchy,dazzling,pictures- TiTistari(s) n adj spindle
que,spectacular,eye catching ~Tavi n ~ tip
TviT... adv pref. even, self- Tikuni n nickname
~gabneva v selddisperse/dispersal Tilisma n amulet,talisman
~gamanadgurebeli/damangreveli adj self- Tilismis Zala n amuletic/talismanic
destruvtive act power
~gamorkveva v n self-determine(ation) Tirkmela soko(si) n adj truffle=Tuber
~gamravlebav n self-propagate/propagation brumale Lat.
~gandideba v n self-aggrandisze(ment) Tirkmeli/Tirkmlis n kidney
~gvema v n self-mortify/mortification ~qva n ~ stone,calculus/calculi(sing/pl Lat)
~kmayofileba v n self-satisfy/satisfaction Tixa/Tixis(ix.Tixis,uTixo) n clay,paste,
~marqvia=cru n adj imposter pottery
~mmarTveloba n selfgovernance/rule ~bzenarevi ~ n adj chaff/straw-tempered~
~ ~ qalaqis n adj municipal(ity) ~blanti ~ n adj tought ~
~mpyrobeli n autocrat ~gamomwvari ~ n adj baked ~
~mpyrobeloba n autocracy ~ ~ cudad n adj poorly-fired ~
~myofadi adj native, original ~gamouwvavi n adj unbaked ~
~myofadoba n identity, originality ~ganleqili n adj grinded/levigated ~
erovnuli ~ ~ national identity ~ ~ kargad n adj secluded(well-worked
~mxilveli n eye-witness levigated) ~
~nabadi adj innate,native,nugget,pure ~ ~ saSualod n adj medium-worked ~
~ ~ madnis naWeri n adj post ~ ~ cudad n adj badly-worked ~
~neburad adv arbitrarily,self-willfully ~damwvari n adj (over) burnt ~
~neburi adj arbitrary,self-willed/wilful ~danaleqi n adj alluvial ~
~Sewirva v self-sacrifice ~TeTri n adj china/porcelain
Tviseba n feature,property,quality,trait ~Txeli n adj watery ~
~memkvidreobiTi hereditary feature ~kiriani ~ n adj limed ~
=unari n capacity to do sth ~maudis mosaTeli ~ n adj fuller‟s earth

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~ minarevebiani ~ n adj clay with dashes ~sarevi n ~ mixer

(inclusions,insertions) ~saZvale n ossuary
~mkvrivi n adj tight clay ~tkepna v beat,pack
~mkvrivmarcvlovani n adj hard grain/ ~fila(iatakis) n paving tile
granular ~firfita n tablet
~mozelili n adj kneaded/pugged ~ ~comi(s) n adj paste
~msxvilmarcvlovani n adj coarse gra- ~WurWeli(ix.WurWeli) n container,pottery,
in/granular ~ vessel,ware
~mqise n adj rouch/rough ~ ~WurWlis natexi n (pot) fragment/sherd
~mWle n adj adobe(lean,loam,poor) ~ ~ ~ ~Sesafaseblad vargisi adj tangible
~ nazeli(ix.Tixatkepnili) adj v beat ~ ~ ~ warweriT n astracon
(en),tamp/temper(ed) mud, pisè (Fr) =astrakon (?)
~natkepni v adj beat(en)/packed ~ ~xsnari(s) n adj clay mortar
~ rbili n adj soft ~ Tixnari(s) n adj clayey/loam soil,clay ground
~romelic yvelganaa ubiquity Tixovani adj argillaceous,clayey
~saagure n adj brick(loam,pug) ~ ~fiqali/fiqlis n adj shale
~sameTuneo n adj ~ for pottering,pottery~ Tla(ix.xis) v ger hew(sharpen,trim)(ing)
~sayalibe n adj foundary ~ Tlili(ix.mina) adj cut, faceted
~saZerwi n adj ~ for modeling,modeling Tma/Tmis n adj hair
~uxeSi n adj rough ~ ~aweuli da ukan Sekruli ~pulled up in a
~fiqlis=aspidis n adj shale bun on top of the head
~forebiani n adj porous clay ~afuebuli ( ~ dressed in) fringe
~fxvieri n adj friable ~ ~ukan gadavarcxnili ~ pulled back
~Semavsebeli clay fill ~ ~ Sekruli=cxenis kudi ~ ~ ~ in a bun
~cecxlgamZle n adj fire ~ ~uxeSi kululebi frizzy hair
~cximovani n adj loam ~ ~Sekruli ~ arranged closely
~webovani tenacious ~ ~xveuli curle(d),wave/waving ~
~wvrilmarcvlovani n adj fine-grain/ ~jagara wiry ~
granular ~ Tmis dawvna v plait
~wyalgaumtari waterproof ~ ~nawnavi n pigtail
~xvinWanarevi pebble-dash/grit tempered ~ ~rgoli n lobed ~ ring
~ ~ mosalesi pisé- work ~ ~samkauli=mZivi n string
Tixalesili adj clayed,clay-lined ~sarWi n pin
Tixamiwa/miwis n adj loam(y) ~sayofi n head-dress
Tixatkepnili n adj beaten,cob,doubed ~SeWra=monazvnoba make a retreat,take
(tamped/tempered)mud,paddle,pisè (Fr) a vail
clay ground surface ~Ziri n hair-root
TixaSi Sereva ramis v switch Toki(s) n adj cord,rope,string
~koStebi lumps,lumped together TokiT Sekvra v ger lash(ing)
Tixiani adj clayey Tokis gorgali n coil
TixiT adv in/with clay Tokisebri adj cord(rope,string)-like
~Sevseba v clay fill Tolosi n sing/pl Lat. tholos/tholoi
~Selesili adj clay-coated(covered,lined) Tone n bread (clay) oven
Tixis adj (in) clay =sacxobi n bake-house, bakery
~gunda n clay ball,clod,lump of clay,pad Tora n Torah
~emulsia n ~ emulsion Toras Sesanaxi karada (Jew) Aron ha ko-
~zedapiri clay ground surface deshi
~zela v ger knead(make,pug,temper)(ing) Tori=Torni n carslet=carselet
~konusi n clay-nail Tormeti(ix.mociquli) num adj twelve
~lilvaki n rim, roller Tofi n gun,musket,rifle
~nakeToba/nawarmi n pottery,ware ~dasateni n single-action gun/rifle
~orTiTi n clay fork ~kaJiani n firelock

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~orluliani n double-barrel gun Txle(si) n adj sediment

~filTa n linstock Txmela(si)(ix.muryani) n adj alder-tree
Tofis wamali/wamlis n aj gunpowder Txra v ger n delve,dig(ing),excavate(ion),
~wamlis qisa n powder-flask scoop
~wamlis n powder magazine Txrili(ix.nayari,Wrili) n ditch,trench
ToqmaCi=spilenZis da TiTbris xelosani ~TavdacviTi n moat, fossa=fosse,rampart
n brazier TavdacviT Txrilze sasiarulo bili-
Toxi(s) n bill, hoe ki rampart walk
~basri bladed hoe TavdacviTi Txrilis gareTa damreci
~viwropiriani narrow bladed ~ kedeli n casemate
~Tixis/qvis n bathroi ~sadazvervo sondage trench
~piri n blade ~sacdeli exploratory/sounding ~;test pit/
~rqis n horn-hoe well
~farTepiriani wide-bladed hoe ~saZirkvlis Casadgmelifoundation trench
Toxisebri adj hoe-like Txrilis piri n lip of the ditch/trench
Toxli n young ewe ~Ziri n foot of the ~ ~
Tojina n doll TxrilSi(ix.WrilSi) adv in the trench/sec-
=marioneti tight-rope walked by sb tion
TrTvili(s) n adj hoar Txroba=mboba v n narrate(ion)(ive),recount,
Trimli(s) n adj Cotinus coggygria=Rhus (re)tell
Cotinus (Lat) TxrobaSi CarTuli adj blend into single
TuTa/TuTis n adj mulberry(tree) thread of narrative
TuTubo(si) n adj Rhus coriaria (Lat) TxrobiTi adj narrative
Tumc(a) adv conj (al)though,however,none- Txrobis xelovneba n narrative art
theless,nevertheless, thense,though i
Tundac adv even, at least iagundi(s)-lurji=safironi(s) n adj sapp-
Tuni n furnace,kiln hire
Tunis mili n tile ~wiTeli=lali(s) n adj ruby
Tunuqi(s) n adj tin-plate iadgari n deed, title deed
Txa(ix.vaci,Txis,nebrida) n goat iavnana n cradle song
~gareuli n caprid ialqani(ix.Senobis) n sail
~Sinauris winapari n bezoar=Capra aeg- iambi n iamb
agrus Lat. iambiko/iamburi n adj blank verse
Txevadi=Txieri(ix.siTxe) adj liquid ianvari(ix.apani,surwyunisi) n January
~saqoneli(savaWro) n pl commodities iaraRi n implement,tool,weapon
Txeli adj fine,shallow,slender,subtle,thin, ~Tavdasxmis=Setevis offencive weapon
watery ~Tavdacvis defencive ~
Txemi(ix.qala,Zvali) n crest,peak,top ~kaJis flint ~ ~ ~
Txemla/Txemlis n adj Alnus barbata Lat. ~mosaklavi n killing ~
Txilamuri n snow-shoe, ski ~sabrZolo=brZolis n arms, weapon
Txili(s) n nut; Corylus=Corulis avellana ~samedicino n instrument
L. (Lat) ~sameurneo agricultural implement,farming
~miwis n peanut=Arachis hypogaea Lat.
utensils
~tyis n hasel-nut ~satyorcni missle
Txa n goat ~saZgerebeli stubbing/thrusting weapon
~gareuli,Sinauris winapari n bezoar= ~qvargvalis flat/round ~
Capra aegagrus Lat. ~qvis pebble ~
Txis(a) adj caprine
~ ~ satyorcni n sing/pl Lat. anager/
~rqa/rqis n adj Capricorn
anageri
~tyavi(s)=Sevro(si) n adj caprid,ovicaprine =xelsawyo n tool
Txisfexa(kbilis amosaRebi gazi) n mo- iaraRis bude(ix.qarqaSi) n case
lar forceps ~galesva v whet

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~dayra v come down,lay down one‟s arms iafi=iaffasiani adj cheap

~kexi/nawiburi arris with fillet ~damzadeba v cheap to make
~JRaruni/qneva brandist(ing) weapons iaqTaRi=kontrforsi(fr)(ix.kuTxis) n
~qedi n (central) rib(bing) buttress,pier
~ ~ kexiT/nawiburiT arris with fillet ~TaRiani n arc boundant
iarliyi n v docket,label,mark,tag,tally ~kedlis garedan external buttress(ed)
iarseba(ix.TariRi) v accommodated(exist- ~ ~ Signidan internal ~
ed,persisted) until…subsisted through iaSma/iaSmis(ix.iaspi,liditi) n adj jasper
N time,lasted, lived on… ibeWdeba=gamodis v sth is in press/in prog-
~mravali saukune sth enjoyed lifespan of ress,is forthcoming
of many centuries igavi n fable
~N saukuneSi existed in the N century igrika(ix.aprili,marti,mirkani) March,April
~N saukunidan M saukunis CaTvliT ~ idayvi(ix.Zvali) n elbow
in the N century to through the M century idea n brainchild,concept,idea,notion
~N saukunidan M saukunemde ~ from the idilia n idyle
N century to the M century idiliuri adj idyllic
~ N saukunis ganmavlobaSi ~ through N idumaleba n mystery
century idumali adj mysterious,weird
~ ~ ~ ~ da Semdgom ~ beyond N idResaswauleba=izeimeba v is selebrated
century and onwards iezuiti n adj Jesuit
~N saukunis dasawyisidan M saukunemde ieratiuli adj hieratic
~from the beginning of the N century to M ierarqi(a)(ix.kibe) n hierarch(y)
century
ierarqiuli adj hierarchic(al)(ly)
~raRac dro lasted,lived on,subsist through
ieri n face,look,representation,shape
N time
iarusebiani adj graduated, stepped ieroglifi n hieroglyph
iarusi n circle,stage,tiere ieroglifuri adj hieroglyphic
iaspi(s)(ix.iaSma,liditi) n adj jasper iersaxe n shape
iatagani n yataghan garegnuli ~ n appearance
iataki(s)(ix.Zelfenili) n adj floor(ing) ieso(ix.mwyemsi,qriste,RmerTi) Jesus
~gamarTva v carry on,lounch,plank(a floor) yrma ~ Infant, Special Child
~dasagebi Zelebis CarCo bridging joist iesos gamosaxuleba eklis gvirgviniT n
~dasagebi Zelfenili floor-joist ecce
~deda Mother of God, Theotokos Gr.
~daweuli/CaRrmavebuli sunken floor
~vnebani(ix.vnebis) n the Passion
~Tixatkepnili(ix.Tixa) pisè flooring Fr.
~kvarTi n crucifixion coat
~Tixis fila n floor/pavin tile
~sxeulis zeimi samebis kviris mom-
~Tixis filebiT mogebuli=filaqani
devno xuTSabaTs Corpus Christi
tiled floor,tile flppring
~kenWebiT mogebuli cobbled area ~mkvdreTiT aRdgineba n v resurrect,
~kirqvisa da nagleji qvebis Semtkicebu the Resurrection
~Soba(ix.Soba) birth of Christ
li cementisebri xsnariT Terazzo floor
~Sobis adgilis(suraTis/modelis)
~koWi floor joist
Ggamosaxuleba the Nativity
~mzidi Zelfenili joist=bearing/floor joist
~Sobis eklesia the Nativity Church
~mofilaqneba v ger tile-floor(ing)
~ ~ naxati Nativity
~mofilaqnebuli adj tile(d) floor(ing)
iesosTan(axalSobil) mogvTa misvla
~nagleji qvis Terrazo floor
ZRveniT Magnificat
~fila Tixis n floor/paving-tile
ivaraudeba v sth is presumed/supposed
~ficari floor board
ivlisi(ix.kvirikobisa,mkaTaTve,quelTo-
~ficris/xis floor(ing) of deckboards,woo-
bai) July
den floor(ing)=floor boards ivnisi(ix.vardobisa,Tibisai,marialisa)
=parketi wooden floot=parquet
June
iatakqveSa adj clandestine ivriti n Ivrit

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izolacia v n insulate/isolate(ion) ~sazRvao empire of the seas

izolireba v n segregate(ion) impluviumi n sing/pl Lat. impluvium/imp-
izometria n isometry luviumi
izometruli adj isometric impozanturi=gadapranWuli adj specta-
izrdeba v sth increases/is increasing cular
iTifaluri adj ithyphallic imposti=TaRis qusli n impost (capital)
iTxovs v demands, requires ~sayrdeni n impost-seating
iTxreba/iTxreboda v (the site) is/was cur- impostis Casasameli sayrdeni n impost
rently being excavated;excavations ha- seating
have/had been undertaken impulsi(ix.biZgi) n impetus,impuls
ikvebeba v is fed by.., lives on… imJamad adv then (currently)
ikveTeba=Cans v sth is to be observed imJamindeli adj the then (current)
ikveceba v ceases (to be)… decreases imsaxurebs v deserves/deserving,merits
ikiTxeba v the script reads/isread,it says…; ina=hina/inisa n adj henna
it runs as follows… inarCunebs(ix.qondaT) v maintain/retain(s)
ar ~ v sth is illegible (ing)
~gamosaxuleba sth is properly faced/read inaxavs v house(s)(ing)/keep(s)(ing) safe
~naTlad sth is clearly read inaxeba v sth is held in store (housed,kept)
iklebs v sth decreases indauri(s) n turkey
ikonografia n iconography ~xorTumi n wattle
ikonografiiT/ikonografiulad adv in indiqti n indication
iconography inertuloba n heaviness, inertness
ikonografiuli adj iconographic(al) inventari n assemblage,equipment,invent-
ilari n earwig ory,stock
ili=hili(s) n adj cardamon ~Tanmxlebi accompanying/companion
iluzionisti n wizard grave goods/pieces
ilustracia=suraTi n illustration,picture ~samarxis context,funerary contents,gra-
ilustrireba=dasuraTeba v illustrate,pic- ve goods,offerings
ture investitura n Investitura Lat
ilustrirebuli=dasuraTebuli adj ill- inicialebi(s) n pl initials
ustrated ~dasma v initial
~mdidrulad/uxvad ~ richly ~ inkrustacia(ix.sadafiT) v n incrustate/
imedgacrueba v n frustrate,frustration incise(ion),inlay
imedi(ix.momavlis) n v hope inspirireba v n inspire/inspiration
~minavlebuli smoulder=smolder(ing) hope insignia n sing/pl insignia,symbol of autho-
~qona v be hopeful, hope rity
imeorebs v copies/copying sth,duplicates/ intalio n sing/pl Lat. intaglio/intaglio
duplicating sth,followes,imitates/imita- intensivoba n intensity
ting sth,sth is an echo of sth,sth echo- intensiurad adv intensively
es,sth,mirrors,repeats,shares ~Seiswavleba sth is ~ studied
imierkavkasia(saqarTvelosTvis ix.amier) ~nawyvet-nawyveti sketchy information
n Ciscaucasia=cisCaucasia incesti(s) n incest
imitacia(raime masalis) n simulating (eg ~Camdeni sb incestuous
marble) ionja birkiani n adj Grufberg=Medicago
imperatori n imperator,emperor/empress minima Lat.
imperatoris,imperiis,imperiuli,saimpe- iota(ix.mZivi) n minute bead
rio adj imperial ipodromi n hippodrome
~gvardia n Lat. praefectus iraga=kamania(si) n adj chamomile=Anthe-
~tituli romSi princeps (Lat) mis ssp Lat.
~prefeqtis rezidencia n sing/pl Lat. iranizacia v n Iranianise,Iranianisation
praetorium/praetoriumi iremi n sing. only deer
imperia n empire ~giganturi Giant deer=Megalaceros Lat.
~ararsebuli/gamqrali defunct ~

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~mamri 1 wlis n fawn isriswveris mWreli piri n blade

~furi n doe ~tari n arrow shaft
~xari n buck,moose,stag ~fuZe n stem
iremlaRi n roebuck ~qedi n rib
iribad adv obliquely,slanting,slantwise ~yunwi n shaft,tang
~Cacelili adj mowed ~wveti n point, tip
iribana n (counter)brace,strut isruli adj lancet, spire
irizebuli adj irisated,iridescent istoria(ix.saistorio,xelovnebis) history
irmis(a) adj corvine =ambavi n story, tale
~myviraloba belling/ruttling time ~bibliuri Bible story
~rqa utotebo n spice ~romlis Semowmebac SeiZleba verifiable~
~rqebi=qorbuda n pl only antlers istoriaze gadasvla disgression on ~
~rqis iaraRi antler tool ~gavlena have a (no) bearing on ~
~ ~ naWeri ~ segment istoriaSi Sesvla v enter historical stage
~ ~ samagri ~ fastening/toggle istoriidan gaqroba disappear from histori-
~ ~ toti ~ prong/tine cal records
~ ~ Reri ~ rod istoriis Semoqmedi/Semqmneli n history
~ ~ warmoeba ~ industry maker
irmismxala(si)(mc) n adj Serratula ~sawyisi dawn of history
isari n arrow istoriisaTvis adv towards a history of sth
~xuroTmoZRvruli ornamenti n dart istoriuli adj historic(al)(o)
isarmtyorcni n bow, scorpion ~garemo/CarCo historical setting
islamizacia v n Islamise/Islamisation =dokumenturi/realuri adj historical
isli(s) n adj thatch ~viTareba historical condition(s)
isris gasrolaze adv at bowshot ~saxe ramisa historic fabric of sth
isrisebri adj lancet ~simarTle kernel of historical truth
isrispiri=isriswveri n arrowhead ~sinamdvile historical conditions/realities
~gverdamoRaruli~ with a groove on one ~qarga/ConCxi ~ skeleton
side ~CarCo ~ framework/setting
~elifsisebri elliptic/spatulate ~ ~cnoba n record
~lancetisebri lanceolate ~ istoriuloba n historicity
~nestrisebri stinge-like/shaped ~ itevs v accommodates, houses, sth has
~ovaluri ovate ~ (certain)capacity,is enough,seats
~or/ormagzurgiani double-backed blade ityobineba v reports
~ormxrivdaqanebuli mxrebiT ogee ~ iudas xe/xis=arRavani(s) n adj Juda‟s tree
~orkapayunwiani ~ with barbed deltoid iudevelTa adj Jewish
tang ~diaspora n Dispersion
~orfrTiani grZeli yunwiT deltoid iudeveli n Jew(ish)
longtanged ~ ifani/ifnis n adj ashtree, Fraxinus (Lat)
~ ~ mokle ~ deltoid ~ iRlia n armpit
~rombisebri lozenge-shaped ~ iRumeni(a) n Father/Mother Superior, hegu-
~sadgisisebri pricker-shaped ~ menos Gr.
~samfrTiani barbed deltoid ~ with a tang iSviaTad adv infrequently,lessfrequently,oc-
~skviTuri Scythian ~ casionally,rarely,seldom
~sqelzurgiani heavy backed blade iSviaTi adj infrequent,occasional,rare,scanty,
~fiTxisebri iniar ~ scarce,uncommon
~foTlisebri leaf-shaped ~ ~gamoCena rare/scattered occurance
~frTebdaSvebuli tanged and barbed ~ ~xseneba little mention
~fuZe/quslamoRaruli hollow-based ~ iSviaToba n infrequency,rarity,scarcity,scan-
~yunwiani ~ with a shaft tiness
~wagrZelebuli oblonged ~ icavs v advocates, protects
~wamaxulwvetiani pointed ~ icvleba v changes,undergoes,transforms,

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varies kavSirebiT adv with communications(cont-

icnoba v sth is familiar(identified,identifiable acts,links)
recognizable) kavSirze miuTiTebs sth points to the ties
iZireba(advilad) adj sinkable with..,sth reveals links with…
iZleva v gives,offers,provides kavSiri n v cohesion,contact,link(age),tie
~SesaZleblobas sb/sth provides a possi- wminda ~ the Holy Alliance
bility kazemati n casemate=a box of mud brick
iZuleba v be forced, force sb, induce,sb/sth ~oTxkuTxa n enciente
compelled/made sb do,const- kazmi(s) n adj dosage
raint,necessitate,resolve ~CasatvirTi xvreli n hopper
iZulebiT adv under constrait,induced by… ~CatvirTva v stoke
iZulebiTi adj enforced,obliged kaTalikosi n Gr. katholikos
iZulebuli adj induced by sb/sth kaTarzisi n catharsis
iwamo v believe sth kaTarzisuli adj cathartic
iwarmoeba v sth is manufactured/inproduc- kaTedra n platform, sing/pl Lat. rostra/
tion rostrum
iwevs=matulobs v exceeds ~eklesiaSi n pulpit, Gr. kathedra
iwvevs v sth causes sth,calls for,stimulates ~universitetSi n chair, sub-faculty
iwinaswarmetyveleba sth is predictable kaTedrali n cathedral,chapter
ver ~ sth (is) unpredictable =Senoba n chapter house
iwyeba v sth begins, sth comes into being at/in kaTolike/kaTolikuri n adj Roman
starts off,stems from Catholic
ixmareba v sth is used/in use/current kaTolikoba/kaTolicizmi n Catholicism
~kvlav sth continues/persists in use, sth kakabi n partridge
Is still in use kakali/kaklis n adj walnut(tree), Junglas
~farTod sth is in common use, sth seem Regia Lat.
seem(s) current kala/kalis n adj tin
ixreba v inclines(leads,tends) to..,striding… ~namwvis fena n tin slag deposit
ixsenebs v recalls ~sabado n tannery
ixsenieba/ixseniebs v sb/sth figures/is me- ~Semcveli adj tin-bearing
ntioned kalaTa n basket, frail
ar ~ there is no mention (in the)… ~SroSanis formis n sing/pl Lat. cala-
ixsna v rescue sb from sth thus/calathi
ijra(sakvebi) n meal kalaTwvna n basketry
k kalamburi n pun
kaba n dress,rob,skirt kalami n nib
~didkalTiani n folded skirt ~namyenis n graft
~kudiT=SleifiT n Gr. syrma kalapoti(ix.mdinaris) n shoe
~nakecebiani appliated/pliated dress kalatozi n brick layer, (stone)mason
qveda ~ n skirt kalendari/kalendaruli n adj calendar
kabis bolo=Sleifi n hem, train (ical)
~bolos damWeri vinme n train-bearer kalTagrZeli adj long flapped
~kalTa n lap, tail kalTebdaqanebuli adj sloping sided
~nakeci n full-front kalipteri(ix.kramiti) n grooved tile
kavi n ploughshare kalmaxi n trout
~mecxvaris/faraonis n crook kalmistari n (fountain) pen, stylograph
kavSirebi n pl communications,contacts, kalo n barn, threshing floor
connotations,links,ties kalooba n threshing
~savaWro trade links kaloriferi(fr) n heater, n Fr. calorifere
~sazRvao sea ~ kama/kamis(sakmazi) n adj fennel=Foeniculum
~samdinaro water ~ vulgare
~saxmeleTo land ~ kamaTeli n pl only dice

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kamaTi n v controversy,debate,discussion ~gem(m)iT n cameo-cut gem(m)

kamaTlebi(ix.koWis) n pl only die/dice kameis keTebis teqnika cameo technique
kamania=iraga(si) n adj chamomile=Anthe- kamera n chamber,loculus/loculi Lat.
mis ssp. Lat. kameraluri/kameruli adj chamber
kamara(ix.bjeni,TaRi) n (cloister) vault kampania(ix.sabrZolo,savele) n campaign,
~brtyeli flat(plain,straight) vault expedition
~ ~ damreci flat arch ~mimarTo... wage ~ against sb
~bjenebiani(bjeniani/Sveriliani corbel- kanabe n canaba
led ~ ; corbelling kanalizacia n canalization,drain,sewer(age)
~bjenis corbel ~ ~daxurulin cesspit,covered sewer system
~ganmtvirTavi discharging/relieving ~ ~sawreti mili cesspipe
~gumbaTovani/qolgisebri domed ~ ~wyalgayvanilobasTan erTad sanitati-
~damreci flat ~ ~ on system
~varskvlava star-like ~ kanalizaciis Semkrebi n collector, sewer
~karvisebri hipped ~ kanafi(s) n adj hemp
~kasrisebri barrel/tunnel-vault kandeli n icon-lamp
~moSvilduli bow-shaped ~ kanelurebi(ani) n adj fluting,fluted
~nalisebri horse-shoe ~ ~ ~xSiri dence flutes
~naxevradbrtyeli half-flat ~ kaneluri n flute/fluting
~naxevradcilindruli wagon ~ kani(s) n adj cortex,skin
~naxevarwriuli barrel(centering,centre,full, ~kaklis/kvercxis n bobe,shell,lobus/
perfect,roundhead,semicircular) arch/vault lobi (Gr)
tunnel vault ~marcvleulis n hool
~orisruli double arrow/lancet ~ ~naoWebiani creased/wrinkled skin
~samcentriani basket ~ ~xis n rind
~safexuredi stepped ~ kanioni n canyon, water-gap
~sferuli cul de four (Fr) ~viwro narrow gully
~unagira strainer arch ~mSrali arid/shallow ~
~qvis stone ~ kanongareSe/gandevnili vinme adj outlaw
~Seisruli arrow/lancet-shaped ~ ~gamocxadeba v n prescript(ion),ban
~Sveriliani corbel(ing) ~ ~ kanonzomiereba n normality, regularity
~cilindruli barrel(tunnel/wagon) vault kanonzomieri adj normal, regular
~cicabo stilted ~ ~ kanoni n law
~cru corbelled ~ ~ ~adgilobrivi local canon/law
~wriuli barrel vault ~bunebis natural law(s)
~jvruli/jvaredini cruciform ~/groinvault ~dauwereli prescription
~jvrisebri cross/groin vault ~saxelmwifo public law/life
kamariseburad adj archwise kanonieri adj lawful
kamariszeda adj above/over arch/vault kanonizacia v n canonize/canonization
kamaris solebis SeerTebis adgili n ~wmindanad v saint
groin kanoniT adv (by) decree
~gare/zeda zedapiri n extrados kanonikuri adj canonical,iconic
~ ialqnebi n pl pendentives kanonmdebeli n law giver/maker
~naxevarrkali/qusli n haunch kanti=yaiTani n stripe
~sawyisi/Ziri springing line kancelaria n chancellery
~soli n quoin kancleri n chancellor
~fuZe=sawyisi=zeviT mimavali xazi kanWi n calf
springing line kanjari n anager, Equus heminius Lat.
~qusli n skewback kaparWi n quiver
~Rari n chute kapelani n chaplain
~Sida zedapiri n intrados kapitaluri adj main
kamea n cameo kapiteli n cap(ital)

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~bizantiuri BByzantine ~ ~cru n false door

~doriuli Dorian ~ ~wirTxli n gate-post,jamb,lintel
~ionuri Ionic ~ karibWe n gate(way)
~kompozituri=ionuri+korinTuli kariera(ix.Semoqmedeba)n career,curriculum/
composite curricula Lat.
~korinTuli Korinthian ~ karieri=axo n quarry
~romanuli Italic karieris damuSaveba v n exploit(ation)
kapitelis lilvaki n balteus kari(s) amyoli n door-post,jamb
~ylorti n caulicole ~amyoli/wirTxli n stile,stud
kapituli n Lat. Capitulum ~dgari=gverdiTi ~ wide-cheeks
kapiSoni=kunkuli n cowl ~didebul(n)i n courtier
kapucini n Capuchin ~ eklesia court church
kaJi(s) n adj flint, fire stone ~zRurbli n door-sill,doorstep
~anatkeci n chert ~kamara n lintel
~damuSaveba n flintwork ~kaci n guard
~dana flint knife ~kaci=moxele n official
~iaraRi(s) ~ weapon ~mwerali n scribe
~ ~ saxelosno silicon-mine-working ~sapire n frame
~Semcveli adj silicious ~frTa/daraba n doorleaf/wing
~sawarmo n silicious plant ~qusli n abutment
~saWrisi flint knife ~RerZi n door-bar
~furclovani tabular flint ~Riobi/CarCo n doorsocket,doorway,passa-
~xelsawyo silicious implement/tool ge
~ ~ kaJis piriT flint-edge-tool ~Suali(aseve fanjris) n mullion
kaJiani adj flinty ~CarCo n door frame/setting
kaJiT dakawruli adj flint scraped karnizi=lavgardani n cornice,moulding
~momarageba v flint karsti(s) n v carse
kaJmiwa/miwis n adj silica karCaketilad adv in seclusion, unsociably
karabadini n book of home cure karCaketili adj secluded, unsociable
karavi n marque, tent ~vinme adj reclusive
~mxedarTmTavris/Stabis n praetorium karCaketiloba n (in) seclusion
Lat. kasri n barrel
=parlamenti n assembly ~sabanao n washing-vat
karalioki(s) n adj goldcrest katabalaxa(si)=katispitna n adj catnip=
karati=yiraTi n carat Nepeta Cataria Lat.
karauli=jori n mule katalogi n catalogue,collection of articles
kargad adv well ~arq. masalis n handlist
kargi adj good,fine,kind,perfect katalogis Sedgena v catalogue
karvis sayrdeni boZi n tent-pole katafalki (ital)=salxinebeli n hearse
kari n door(way) katexizmo n catechism
~asawev-daswevi n portcullies katisebrni n felid/feline
~gamavali communicating/leading door katorRa(ix.samuSao) n penal servitude
~gverdiTi(ukana/faruli) n postern kauri(s) n adj cowrie=cowry
~kedlis centrSi centrally placed doorway kauWi n clasp,hob, hook
~niSebiani nitched doorway =sakidi n hinge(pin)
~orsagduliani bivalve ~ =sayrdeni n projection
~orfrTiani two-fold ~ kaSkaSa adj bright
~ukana back door,postern kaSxali n v dam
~flankirebuli flanking entrance = sagubari n weir
~ ~ orive mxares koSkebiT towers flank- kac-dRe n person-day
ing entrance kaci(ix.tyis,Sua,xazi) n male, man
~Semavali a door approached by stairs ~Tovlis Ice man

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~qalis msgavsi n androgene ~dangreuli battered ~

Sua ~ n go between/middle man ~dawaxnagebuli morebis short ~
kacis simaRle n life size ~idayvamde/welamde waist-height ~
kaciWamia n cannibal ~kazematis=saTofuris casemate ~
~eposSi n ogre ~kapitaluri=mzidi load-bearing ~
kacobrioba/kacobriobis n humanity,man- main/principal ~
kind ~kibis Wauris string ~
~warsuli human past ~mzidi(Sida) load bearing(spin/support-
kacuna n diminutive ing) ~
kaWari(ix.qva) n boulder ~(ara) mzidi(Sida) non-load-bearing ~
kaWkaWi n mocking bird ~natkepni miwis rammed earth/pisé ~
kbilana n cog,denticle,dentil,scallop,tenon ~niSebiani niched ~
kbilebiani adj cog(jagged,notched,prong,rib, ~orferda gable ~
serrate,tooth)(ed) ~ramis garSemo all-encompassing ~
~borbali toothed wheel ~saerTo(ori saTavsis) party/share ~
wminda ~ sth with small cogs ~saTofurebiani ~ topped by crenellation
kbili n tooth ~safexuredi stepped
~axali second teeth ~sayrdeni retaining(revetment/terrace) ~
~gverdiTi lateral ~ =tixari/tixris partition ~
~eSvi zeda eye-tooth ~facxis ~ of light framing of poles and twi-
~ ~ qveda canine gs/wattles= ~ of woven latticework of wattles
~nivris n clove ~qvis orive mxridan mopirkeTebuli ~
~orfesviani(8c) bicuspid of rubble core sandwiched between ashlar
~raime detalis n tenon masonry
~samfesviani=saZire molar teeth ~qongurebiani a ~ with battlement(s)
~sarZeve child‟s first ~, milktooth/teeth =Robe enclosure ~
~saZire axle/back(pre)molar,second) ~ ~yru blind/solid ~
~saWreli incisor ~ ~Sida spin ~
kbilis amosaRebi gazi=Txisfexa molar ~SiSveli blank ~
forceps ~Sua pier
~gvirgvini n crown ~Camketi closing ~
~fesvi n point ~cixe-simagris curtain=curtine wall
~foso n socket ~Zlieri sturdy wall
~cveTa v shed ~wnelis reed/wattle ~
kbode n bank,cliff,crag,precipice,steep =xis CarCo timber-framing
kedari/kedris n adj cedar ~xsnariT Semtkicebuli wall held togeth-
kedelze kiduli adj wall-hanging er with mortar
kedeli n wall(ing) kedlebis garSemoweriloba n circuit of
~amogebuli lined wall walls
~amridi retaining ~ kedlidan gamoSverili projecting from the
~baqnebis sayrdeni embanking/terrase ~ line of wall(s)
~brma=yru blank ~ kedlis amoyvana/ayvana v n erect(ion)/rise
~galavnis koSkebs Soris curtain=curtine~ of a wall
~burji n stronghold, wall supporting post
~gamagrebuli(ix.iaqTaRi) battered ~
~gadawyoba v re-lay the masonry
~ganivi cross/wide ~
~galesva/mopirkeTebav ger coat/finish(ing)
~gare=mosapirkeTebeli n face
~garRveva v burst/rip the wall
~grZivi far/long ~ ; long pan
~gaswvriv SemaRleba side bench(es)
~ ~ mzidi(Sida) spine ~
~TefSi wall plate
~dabali dwarf(low/short) ~
~mxatvroba n murals, mural/wall paintings
~damakavSirebeli chord ~
~ngreva v ger ram(ing)
~damcavi defencive(fortification/retaining)~
~pirimxaris wyoba facing
~ ~ = zRude enclosing ~

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~samagri n gudgeon kenkra n pl berries

~samkauli n wall ornament ~ 1 marcvali n berry
~sangrevi godoli n sing/pl Lat. hele- kentad adv solely
polis/helepolim kentavri n centaur
~ ~ manqana n battering ram kenti adj sole
~sahaero n wall-flue ~ricxvi odd number
~ simkvrive face kenwero n top
~ube n bay kenWebiT mofenili/moSandakebuli adj
~fasadin sing/pl Gr.orthostata/orthostatae pebbly,shingly,covered with pebble flo-
~qveda sqeli nawili step=thickening oring
~qveS underneath of the wall kenWebis safeni/baliSi n cobble/pebble
~Selesiloba n coat(dress,plaster)(ing) bed/flooring
~ ~ I fena rendering kenWi(s)/kenWovani n adj pebble, shingle
~Semovleba v encompass ~kenWisyris n lot
~Sida sivrce walled area kenWisyra v ballot, cast/drow lots
~Camketi closing wall kera n centre, seat, nidus/nidi (sing/pl Lat.)
~Ziri n base of the wall,floor,footing ~adgilobrivi local centre/seat
~ZirSi Semzadeba n bed(foot,ground)(ing) ~mSobliuri one‟s hearth and home
in ~uZravi immovable hearth
~ ~ ~ alizis mortar bedding keria=kera n hearth
~xis CarCo timber framing ~iatakSi=uZravi ~ fixed into the floor
kedelSi Cataneba v immure ~moZravi portable ~
~agurebis/qvebis samagri n gudgeon ~uZravi immovable ~
~kera wall fitted with a hearth ~SuaSi central ~
~Riobi/xvreli (wall)opening keramika(ix.Tixa,WurWeli) n pl ceramist,
~Casmuli raime sth engaged into the wall (earthen)ware,pottery
~Catanebuli bede(ebi) ramis Casasmel- ~bevri bzenarevi chaff-faced ~ ~
Aad n pigeon-hole ~bze/namjanarevi chaff-tempered ~ ~
~CaSenebuli intramural(ly) ~brwyinvaled naprialebi brilliantly polis-
kevri n thresher hed ~
keTeba v ger do(make,manufacture)(ing) ~ganaTxari excavated pottery
~namzadis v rough out ~ganleqili Tixis lavigated ~
~reliefis=ornamentis v relieve ~gluvzedapiriani smooth ~
~rukis v map ~dakbiluli ~ with cogs,ribbed/serrated~
keTebis xelovneba n skill ~damtvreuli adj beaten
~xerxi n means of solution,method,way of ~daxvewili,mSvenieri,Zvirfasis fine ware
keTilmorwmune adj righteous ~vardisfersarCuliani pink-lined pott-
keTilmowyobili adj comfortable,conveni- ery/ware
ent ~zedapirgaprialebuli/zedapirulad
keTilmsaxuri n adj devout, pious gamomwvari perfunctory burnished ~
keTilsurneleba n fragrance ~zonarsaxiani cord pottery/ware
keTilsurnelovani adj fragrant,redolent, ~TeTrgruntiani white ground pottery
sweetsmelting ~TeTrfiguruli white-figured ~ /ware
keTilSobileba(ix.simbolo) n nobility, ~TeTrad moxatuli white-painted ~ ~
nobleness,virtue ~Tokisebri corded ~ ~ =Liniarbandkera-
keTilSobili adj chivalrous,generous,noble mik (Ger)
pious ~Txelkedliani eggshell(shallow,slender)~
keTilSobiluri adj chivalry ~inkrustirebuli inlayed ~ ~
keisari n ceaser ~kanelurebiani fluted ~ ~
keklucoba sarkeSi v ger preen/tide(ing) ~kaklis naWuWisebri walnut-shell ~ ~
oneself ~kanopuri Canopic ~ ~
kelaptari n candle ~kargad gamomwvari high burnish ~ ~

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~kopebdasmuli pottery surmounted by ~wiTelkeciani red-clay ~

knobs ~wiTellakiani red-slip/varnished ~ ~
~lenturi band/tape ~ ~ coil-built ~ ~ ~wiTelfiguruli red-figured ~ ~
~liTonuri bzinvarebiT metal luster, imi- ~wiTelwernaqiani red slipped ware
tating metallic surface, bearing/imitating ~ ~ Savi sartyliT red-black banded ~
silvery sheen ~wiTlad gamomwvari red-baked(burnt/fired)
~morgvze/Carxze nakeTebi wheel-made ~ ~wiTlad moxatuli/SeRebili red painted
~ = pottered/shaped on potter‟s wheel painted ~
~moWiquli glazed ~ ~ ~Wilofiani matting ~ ~
~moxatuli painted ~ ~ ~xeliT naZerwi built by hand,handmade,
~mravalfiguriani many-figured ~ ~ handmodeled
~mcirefiguruli small-figured ~ ~ keramikaze liTonis bzinvareba n metal
~mxatvruli design ~ ~ luster
~nakadebiani serrated-stream ~ ~ keramikis(ix,Tixa,keci) adj ceramics,pottery
~naprialebi burnished/polished ~ ~ ~zedapiruli gamowva perfunctory burnish
~naWriTmogluvebuli cloth wiped ~ ~ ~keTeba/mzadeba n pottery-making
~orferad SeRebili polychrome painted ~ ~nawarmi n ceramic product, pottery
~poliqromuli polychromic(al) ~ ~ ~teqnologia(Si) (in) ceramic tacnology
~sada/Seumkobeli plain ~ ~Rumeli=Tuni n furnace kiln
~savarcxlispirul-talRuri serrated- ~warmoeba n ceramic/pottery production
wavy ~ ~wuni n regect
~samosuri Samian ~ ~ keramikosi=meTune n ceramist, potter
~samSeneblo building ~ keramikuli(ix.winare) adj ceramic, clay
~sarCuliani(ix.vardisfer...) lined ~ ~ ~masa ~ ceramic clay/paste
~saxis gamosaxulebiani anthropomorpho- ~nawarmi n earthen/stone(ware),pottery,
us ~ ~fxvnili n ceramic powder; opus albar-
~simboloiani symbol ~ ~ um/caementium Lat.
~spiralurad naprialebi spiral burnished ~yuTebi(sakvamuris) n box-tile
~sqelkedliani thick-shell ~ ~ kerati n boar, hog
~uxeSad naZerwi ~ made in a slip-shod kerpad qceva v n idolize/idolization
way; offhand ~ ~ kerpTayvanismcemeli n idolater/idolatress
~uxeSi barbotine/surface roughhand ~ kerpTayvanismcemloba n idolatry,paganism,
coarse/rough ~ superstition
~figurebiT Semkuli ~ decorated/paint- kerpTayvanismcemluri adj idolatory,idolat-
ed with figures rous
~fosoebiani ~ with cavities/holes kerpTmsaxuri n priest
~fosoebian-savarcxlispiruli ~ with kerpi n icon,idol,image
holes and ribs kerZi(ix.ulufa) n dish, meal
~qsoviliani matting/sacking ~ ~ kerZis mzadeba v ger cook(ing)
~Savad gamomwvari black-burnt/baked ~ ~ kerZo adj distinct,individual,own,particular,
~Savad moxatuli black-painted ~ ~ personal,private
~Savlakiani black slip/varnished ~ ~ ~sakuTreba private property
~Savpriala black-burnishe/polished,lustrous ~SekveTa private/special order
black burnished ~SemTxveva distinct case,phenomenon/phe-
~Savfiguruli black-figured ~ ~ nomena Lat. sing/pl
~SavWiquriani black-glazed ~ ~ ~xasiaTi speciality in sth
~Zalian priala high polish/highly burnished kerZod... adv mainly,namely,notably,(in)
~ZaZiani boggy/sacking ~ ~ particular(ly)
~ZelebiT nagebi samarxis timber ~ ~ kesoni n coffer; caisson (Fr)
~Zlier gamomwvari hard fired ~ ~ ket-kombali n stave
~wabla/wiTeli brown ~ keti n baton,club,rod
~wernaqiani engobaged ~ ~ kefa(ix.Zvali) n back of the head,occipit

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keci(ix.WurWeli) n clay,fabric ~linoliumze v ger linocut(ing)

~minarevebiani ~ ~ with inclusions/insert- ~samedicino v n excise/excision
ions ~spilenZze v copperplate
~uxeSi coarse fabric ~uxeSad v n rough out
~fSvnadi crisp ~ kveTili adj carved,curved,hewn,opus inter-
~cecxlSi damskadari fire cracked ralize
~wminda fine ~ ~ kverva v ger cold hammer(ing), pinch
~xvinWanarevi grit-tempered kverviT daRarva v ger hammer(ing)
kexze adv atop kverTxi mefis n staff, warder
kvadratebad dayofa v ger grid(ing) ~mRvdlis n crosier=crozier
~dayofili afj gridded =Standarti n mace, standard
kvadratebis bade n grid kverTxisTavi n mace head,knob,standard
kvadrati(ix.CaWdeuli) n square(d) circle mount
kvadratuli adj quadratic, square kveri n flat cake
2
~metri m ~sakulto angel food, cult loaf
~formis micema v square ~Saqris/naxSiris n knob
kvadri n block; sing/pl Lat. quadrum/quadro =CaquCi n hammer
kvadriga n sing/pl Lat. quadriga/quadrigae = ~ xis n mallet, punch
kvadrigariusi n sing/pl Lat. quadrigarius/ kverna n marten=Martes gen. Lat.
quadrigarii kvercxi(s) n adj egg
kvazi... combining form quasi… ~matlis n larva
kvaldakval adv in the footsteps of… ~naWuWi(s) n adj shell
kvali(ix.cecxlis,cxovrebis) n evidence, ~formis adj egg-shaped,ovate,ovolo
imprint,mark,scar,sign,trace kves-abedi(ix.tal-kvesi) n steel and tinder
=anasaxi n imprint, trace kvesi(s) n adj steel
= = namoqmedaris doing trace(s) kvestori n questor
~dazianebis n scar/trace of damage kvexna v brag about
~emCneva v sth bears traces of… kvinariusi n sing/pl Lat. Quinarus/Quinarii
~ar ~ v sty is not to be traced kvintesencia n quintessentia
~ngrevis n trace(s) of destruction kvira(ix.yovel) n week
= niSani n evidence,mark, sign ~dRe(mzisa,sauflo) n Sunday
kvals miyola v follow sb‟s steps Sobis ~ n Christmastide
kvamlsadeni(ix.sakvamuri) n chimney kviracxovloba(ix.Toma) Thomas' Sunday/
kvanZi n knot, nodule Week
kvarva v spear kvirikobisa(ix.ivlisi,mkaTaTve,quelTo-
kvarTi n garment bai) n July
~iesosi/uflis chasuble,crucifixion coat kvirti n bloom, bud
kvari n torch kvici n foal
kvartali(ix.sacxovrebeli) n district, quar- kviristavi(ix.Zvali) n knee-cup
ter ~TiTistarze n spindle-whorl
kvarci(s) n adj quartz kvlav(ix.ixmareba) adv (once) again/more
kvarciti(s) n adj quartzite kvlavindeburad adv still, as usual
kvarcxlbeki(s) n base,pedestal,pediment, kvleva v n examine/explore(ation),investigate
plinth (ion),research,study,survey
~TaRnaris n sing/pl Lat. stylobates/stylo- ~zedapiruli v n ger prospest(ion)(ing),
batis surface survey
~kubi n dado ~Zieba n v research, survey
kvdoma v decay,decrease,die out kvleviTi adj research
kveba n v diet,feed,live on,nourish,subsistance kvlevis sagani subject of study
kveTa v ger carve,curve,etch,fret,hew(ing) ~Sedegi product of research
~daxvewili adj delicate curving kvrinCxi(s) n adj sloe-bush=Prunus spinosa
~liTonze v ger engrave(ing) kibe(ix.xveuli) n flight/set of steps,stairs,

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staircase/way ~zeda upper ~

~adis staircase ascends ~ukana hind feet
~baqnidan baqnamde flight of stairs ~qveda lower limb
~ierarqiuli hierarchic stairs ~wina front feet
~karTan (a chamber) with a stair-case at the kiTara n sing/pl Lat. citara/citarae
door kilamura(si)(balaxi) n Polipodium vulgare
~karSi Semavali a door approached by kilita(ix.sasfante) n applique, button
stair-case kilita/kiliti n tab
~gadasatani/misadgmeli n ladder,scale ~brWyviala n sparkle
~Cadis staircase descends kilo n adj kilo
kibis baqani n landing =bude n mortise
~dasawyisi foot ~sagnis n rebate
~Tavi top kilokavi n dialect
~moajiri n pl usu. banisters kimaTioni=qimationi n Lat. cymatium
~safexuri n step (sing),cymation/cymationi (pl)
~safexuris sayrdeni/SemaRleba riser bo- kiparisi(s) n adj Cypress
ard,corbel kiri(s)(ix.kirqva) n adj lime
~saqcevi flight of stairs ~gamosawvavi Rumeli n lime-kiln
~ujredi n flight of steps ~damwvari burnt ~
~Cana n string wall,stringer,stair-well,sta- ~karieri n lime-pit
ircase well ~Camqrali hydrated=slaked ~
~Wauri n stair well ~Caumqrali quick ~
~Wauris kedeli string-well ~wyliani hydrated ~
kibo zRvis(ix.asTakvi) n crab kiriT Selesva/Selesili v adj lime/white
~aTfexa=langusti n lobster plaster(ed)/wash(ed)
~mdinaris n crowfish ~SeTeTreba/SeTeTrebuli v lime-wash(ed)
kiborumi n sing/pl Gr. ciborium=ciboria/cib- kiriani(ix.Tixa,qviSa) adj calcareous
riae kirkali n neck-ring
kide(ix.napiri) n edge,frontier,lip,mere,pheri- kirqva/kirqvis n adj limestone=calcium car-
phery,verge bonate
~gare(Ta) adj outer edge ~gamomwvari burnt lime=calcium oxide
~Sida adj inner ~ ~kaJiani=fiqali n adj chert
kideebdakbiluli adj cogged(jagged,not- ~Camqrali slaked lime=calcium hydroxide
ched,serrated) edge/side kirxsnari(s)(ix.WurWeli) n adj lime-wash/
kideebiT erTmaneTs mibjenili sth car- white,lime milk
vel-built/joined edge to edge ~keramikuli fxvnilis Semcveli opus
kideebs gadacilebuli adj sty puddling caementium
out of the edge ~samSeneblo/Sesalesi n lime mortar
~mibjenili sty puddling out to the edge kiseri n neck
kidev adv again,once again/more kistani n bludgeon
kideze adv at the edge kistofori(moneta) n cistophori
kidia adj suspending kiteli n tunic
kididan kidemde adv from edge to edge kitrana(si) n adj zucchini
kidisken adv towards the edge kitrisuna(si)=boranjo=saro n adj bora-
kidobani n shrine ge=Borago gen=Borango officinalis Lat.
~aRTqmis Ark of Covenant, Shrine kicura n beam(pole/ridge)
~noesi Noa‟s ark/boat kicuras sveti n ridge-pole
kiduli adj (over)hang(ing),pendant,pendu- ~ Zeli n ridge-beam
lous,suspend(ed)(ing),eaves klanWi n claw
Tavisuflad ~ adj dangle(ing) klasebad dayofa v n stratify,stratification
kidura adj sth on the periphery,peripherial klasi=fena n class
kiduri n limb klasikuri adj classic(al)(s)

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~kvlevebi/swavlebani Classical Studies kovzi(s)(ix.zondi) n adj spoon

klasifikacia(ix.qve) v n classify/classific- ~sinjis n test ~
ation ~tari n shank
~ganmeorebiT reclassify/classification koine n Gr. koine
klasicizmi n classicism kokori n bud
klasobrivi adj class koleqtiuri adj collective
~gansxvaveba ~ distinction ~mflobeloba joint ownership
~sazogadoeba stratified society koleqcioneri n collector
klde/kldis n adj cliff, crag, rock koleqcia n collection
~gamokveTili living rock koleqciis Sekreba v n amass,collect(ion)
~kalTaze adv on precipice kolonada=TaRnari n pillaring; collonade
~madani/madnis n adj rock (Fr)
~maRali/frialo towering crag(s) kolonadebiani adj colonnaded
~Sverili n hanging rock,rock-shelter kolonia(ix.winare) n sing/pl Lat. collonia/
~Sveuli/cicabo precipitous, clove colloniae
~wvetiani towering cliff kolonizatoruli adj colonizing
kldeze kveTa v rock curve/curving kolonizacia(ix.winare) v n colonize(ation)
~nakawri/naxati n graffiti=graffito kolonizaciamdeli adj precolonization
kldekari n gorge,ravine koloriti n colour(ing)
kldeSi nakveTi adj rock-hewn kolorituli adj colourful,picturesque
kldovani adj rocken composition,rocky, kolosaluri adj colossal
~xevi n clove kolosi n sing/pl Lat. collosos/colossus
kleba v become less,decrease,diminish,lesse- kombali n club
n(ing),diminution in sth,downdrop,fade, ~mecxvaris n crook
fall away,flow awayfrom,recede,reduce, komentari n v comment(ate)
wane,weaken(ing) komentatori n commentator,exponent of,
klebadi adj diminishing interpreter
klimati n climate komli n homestead
~araxelsayreli/mavne adverse ~ ~umiwo landless ~
~zomieri moderate,temperate ~ komodi n chest of drowers, dresser
~mavne/usiamo adverse ~ kompleqsi(ix.samarxeuli) n block,comp-
~mkacri/mZime harsh ~ lex,set
~mSrali hard baked kompleqsidan amoReba v abstract sth from~
~notio humid ~ kompleqsuri adj sth all embracing,complex,
~rbili clemency, mild ~ comprehensive
~sveli wet ~ kompleqsuroba n complexity
~civi cold ~ kompleqti n set
klimatis gaumjobeseba amelioration of ~ kompliviumi n sing/pl Lat. compluvium/
~cvlileba climat spell compluviumi
klimaturi adj climatic kompozicia n composition
~aramdgradoba ~ instability kompoziciuri adj composite,composed
~Taviseburebani ~ features kona(ix.Sekvra) n bunch,faggot,sheaf
~pirobebi ~ conditions sxivTa ~ box of beams,shaft of light
~stiqiebi n pl usu. elements kondaki n Hymnal; n Gr. kondakion
kmeva v incense konebad Sekvra v faggot
kobalti(s) n adj cobalt konkretuli adj concrete, specific
kodeqsi n code, sing/pl Lat. Codex/Codeces konservacia v n conserve/conservation
~ muxli n article,sentence konsoli=kronSteini n bracket,console,
kodva(ix.mkodavi) v n castrate/castration corbel,prop
~qvis v curve, quarry konspeqti n sing/pl Lat. sullabus/sullabi,
kodi n code synopsis/synopses
kodis gaxsna v crack, decode =monaxazi n abstract,outline,sketch

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konstatacia v n state(ment)(s) korZi n out growth, tumour

konstruqtori n structural engineer ~xis n knot hole
konstruqcia n structure kosmiuri adj mundane
konstruqciuli adj constructional,construc- kota(ix.satevari) n pommel
tive =Sverili budeSi Casasmeli n tenon
konsultanti=mrCeveli n adviser ~mimmarTveli n bare-faced ~
~swavluli n boffin ~Sida n free ~
~universitetis UUniversity Wits kofo n box-seat,coach-box,perch
konteqsti n (overall) context koSkebiani adj tower
konteqstidan amoReba v abstract sth from ~ koSki(ix.cixe) n tower
konteqsturi adj context(ual) ~galavanSi n turret
konteqstSi adv in/within (certain) context ~garedan midgmuli tower projecting from
~gaazreba/ganxilva treat sth within context the wall
~CarTuli integrated in(some kind of)context ~TavdacviTi n guard tower
kontinenturi adj mainland ~kedelSi saTofurebiT~ with crenelations
kontrabanda v ger smuggle(ing) ~kuTxeebSi ...where the angle of the wall cha
kontrabandisti n smuggler nges
kontrasti=gansxvaveba n contrast ~saTvalTvalo n patrol/wath tower/turret
kontrastisTvis=sxvaobisaTvis adv by ~ ~sasignalo n signal tower
kontroli v n control,hold ~ of sb/sth ~Catanebuli budeebiT pigeon tower
~gadavida v control of sth went to sb ~calke mdgomi n keep
~swyuria v hanker after control ~WiSkris orive mxares towers flanking the
kontrolqveS adv sb/sth under control of sb gateway
kontrforsi(fr)=iaqTaRi n v buttress kocna=gadakocna jvaredinad ger oath-
~TaRiani arc boundant taking
konturi n v conour, outline koconze dasawvvad boZze mibma v stake
konusi n cone, taper ~dawva v burn at the stake,commit to the
~ormagi double cone flames
konusisebri adj cone-shaped ~ ~ dakrZalvamde pyre
konusurTaviani adj cone-headed koSt(eb)i n lumped together, lump(s)
konusuri adj conical,tapered koconi n fire
konferencia n conference ~sasignalo n beacon-fire
konfiguracia n configuration ~sakremacio cremation ~
konqi n conch=domed roof of semicircular =sasjeli the flames/stake
apse ~saweso ceremonial(ritual,sacral) fire
koncentruli adj concentric kowaxuri(s) n adj berberis=Berberis vulga-
koncxi n cape, height,promontory ris Lat.
kopebdasmuli adj sth surmounted by knobs koWa n reel, spool
kopebiani adj knobbed, warty =Zira/Zirasi(mc) n adj caraway
kopi n bulge,boss,knob,wart koWa(si)=janjafili(s) n adj ginger=Zin-
~ZuZusebri mamiform boss giber officinale Lat.
~ZuZusTavisebri nipple-like ~ koWebi saTamaSo n cast(s)
koplebiani adj speckled ~samarCielo guesswork knuckle bones,
koptoni(s)=wewoni(s) n adj cake oracle bones
koWi(ix.Zvali) n ankle,bar,beam,girdle,joist
kordi=belti n turf
~gadabmis collar beam
kordian-humusiani adj turf and humus layer
~ganiva/mzidi n cross-bar,tie beam
ading,correct the press
koromi n clump,grove,wooded site ~ganivi n cross/grating bar
korpis xe/xis v adj cork-oak ~grZivi n sole beam
korpusi n block (of flats) ~iatakis n floor joist
~diplomatiuri/samxedro n corpse ~ mzidi/mwe n bressumer=breastsummer
korZebiani adj knotty ~cxovelis n sing/pl Lat. astragalus/ast-

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ragali ~nivTebis assemblage, set

~Weris n beam, girder ~himnebis Gradual, Hymnal
koWis gagoreba=mliqvneloba roll the dice krematoriumi n cinerator
koWisebri adj reel/spool-shaped kremacia v n cremate/cremation
koWli adj lame kremaciuli adj cremation
koWloba v limp kremli n sing/pl Lat. arx/arcis
koxinjroba n Ascension Day ~rusuli n kremlin
koxta(d) adj adv accurate(ly),dainty,elegant, kriala adj lustrous,polished
graceful(ly),neat(ly),refined,slender kriali v sheen
~gamoyvanili sth neatly shaped krialosani n pl only beads
kohorta n cogort krini (xma) n soprano
kravi n lamb kripta n sing/pl Lat. crypta/crypte; n Gr.
~dakarguli lost sheep krypte
~RvTis Lamb of God kriteriumi(s) n sing/pl Lat. criterion/criteria
kraveli(s) n adj lambskin ~dadgena v n hallmark
kravs erTad v tie together ~raRacis n pl only criteria for sty
krazana foTola(si)(mc) n adj Hypercifolia kroki (fr) (ix.gegma) n area sketch
Lat. kronSteini(germ)=konsoli n bracket,cor-
kramiti(s)(ix.fila) n adj tile bel,prop
~brtyeli flat/plain ~ krZalva/krZalulebav n respect(ful)(ness),
~ ~ gverdebakecili flat ~ with sides venerate/veneration,reverence (v)
turned up ku n tortoise
~damtvreuli crushed ~ ~zRvis n turtle
=kalipteri grooved ~ kubi n cube, regular hexahedron
=keramida ~ ~ with sides turned up kubisebri(ix.Zvali) adj cubical
~kexis bridge(bonnet,crest,ridge) ~ kubo n coffin
~kvadratuli quadrel ~gaurandavi rude-timber ~
~kidis/kiduri edge/side ~ kubokruli adj tartan
3
~lorfini flag ~ kuburi=kubSi adj cube (cm )
~naribandiani=narimandiani bent/gutter ~ kudi n tail
~sakvamuris box/flue ~ kuzi(ani) n adj hump(ed)
~saperange facing ~ kuTvnileba n identity,possession
~saxuravis roof(ing) ~ ~ramisadmi n attribution
~solisebri/soluri oussoir ~ kuTvnili(ix.adgili,wili) adj due,own,
~Rariani channeled/grooved ~ ,pantile,im- rewarding
brex/imbricis n sing/pl Lat. kuTxe/kuTxis(ix.midgomis,qveynis) n angle,
~Sublis frontal ~ ,antefixa/antefixorum Lat corner,quoin
kramitiT daxuruli adj tiled, tile-roofed ~blagvi obtuce angle
kramitis akecili gverdi n flange ~gadakveTis crossing/intersecting ~
~dasawyobi CarCo=Calangara n rafter ~gamoSverili salient ~
0
~ ~ Zelebi tile pillars ~gaSlili flat/straight=180 angle
~lilvaki tile groove/rim ~daxrili skew angle
~qarxana n tillery ~daxrilobis ~ of dip/obliquity,tilt
0
~Rumeli tile kiln ~marTi quadrantal angle=90
~ sakeci=iRlia=sagduli n leaf ~maxvili acute angle, arris
0
kreba(ix.sesia,sxdoma,mowveva) n conventi- ~ 45 mitre angle
on,meeting ~mravalkuTxa polyhedral angle
~saeklesio ecumenical council ~swori right/straight ~
~saxalxo n sing/pl Lat. comitium/comitii ~Sveuli vertical ~
krebiTi(ix.nakrebi) adj summary ~Sida interior/internal angle,quoin(ing)
krebuli(ix.eklesiis) n collection,corpus/ kuTxeSi mimwyvdeva v ger corner(ing)
corpora (n sing/pl Lat.) kuTxiT ramesTan adv at angles with…

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kuTxis(a) adj angle,angular,corner kurTxeva=mironcxeba v n bless,sanctify/

~gradusi/xarisxi n angle degree sanctification
~iaqTaRi corner buttress ~eklesiis v n dedicate/dedication
~muxli n bend ~mefis,mRvdlis v n anoint(ment),ordain,
~sveti corner pillar sacring
~qva n angular stone, quoin ~mironis v n consecrate the chrism
~Ziri corner bottom ~raindad v ger dub(ing)
kuTxovana n angle-iron ~puriT da RviniT bless with bread and
kuTxovani adj angular,corner, squarish wine
kulinaria n cookery ~sakurTxis/ZRvenis v sacring
kulisebi/kulisebs miRma n backstage ~wawymendili eklesiis v n reconcile/
kulminacia n culmination point reconciliation
kuloni=sakidi n pendant ~winaswar v pre-sanctify
kulti(s)(ix.xelosnobis) n adj cult ~wmindanad v n saint
~gavrceleba ~ spread kurTxeva(d) xeldasma v ordain, sacrifice
~gamosaxuleba ~ image kurTxevani n prayer book
~dadgena v ordain ~ of… kurTxeviT adv give sb‟s blessing to sb/sth
~saflavis grave ~ kurTxeuli adj the Blessed
~sikvdilis ~ of death ~miwa blessed soil
kultmsaxureba n pl only cult practices ~winaswar adj pre-sanctified
kultmsaxuri n priest kuria n curia
kultura n culture kurka/kurkis n stone
~materialuri material ~ kurkovan(eb)i n stone-fruit
~samzareulos narCenTa Kitchen midden ~ kurkuma/kurkumis n adj Curcuma longa
~sulieri intellectual development,spiritual~ kuwubebiani adj barbed
kulturam gaZlo v ~ endured long(er) kuwubo n scallop
kulturaSi Semotana v release sth in N ~ kuWis(a) n adj stomach(ic)
kulturis Camoyalibeba v n form(ation) kuWis Tavi=mzis/faSvis wnuli solar plex-
kulturuli adj cultivated,cultural us
~garemo ~ environment/setting l
~zRvari cultural interface labarumi n sing/pl Lat. labarum/labari
~TvalsazrisiT adv in terms of ~ affinities lagamamodebuli adj bridled
~memkvidreoba ~ heritage lagami(ix.cxenis) n bitwear/ n v bridle
~mimdinareoba ~ pattern lavgardani=karnizi n coping,cornise,moul-
~naSTebi n pl ~ debris ding
~wyvetili n ~ break ~ Taroiani shelved moulding
kululi n curl, ringlet lavra(ix.eklesia) n laura
kuneli(s) n adj haw(thorn) lazieri n queen
~ Savi n adj black haw laki(s) n adj laquer, slip, varnish
kunkuli=kapiSoni n cowl ~minanqruli enamel slip
kunZi n log, post ლakiani/ლაკწასმული adj laquered, slip
~TavsakveTi/sajalaTo n the block lakonikumi n sing/pl Lat. laconicum/laconi-
~fesvebiT tree stamp cumi=laconoci (Lat)
kunZuli n island lali(s)=wiTeli iagundi(s) n adj ruby
naxevar ~ peninsula lamaza(mc.) n adj compion, Lychnis/Silene
kunwula n truss spp. Lat.
~yurZnis mtevani n bunch lamazi adj beautiful,nice,pretty
~xilis swag of fruit lamela n sing/pl Lat. lamella/lamellae
kupidoni n cupid lami(s)(ix.dalamva) n adj silt
kupri(s) n adj tar lampari n icon(lamp)
~mcenaris(ix.fisi) n adj pitch lanCa n foot(ing), sole, loculus/loculi (n
sing/pl Lat)

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laparakis unari ability/faculty of speech, lenturi(ix.Zerwva) n bandlike

verbal ability leopardi n leopard
~niWi innate eloquence lerwami/lerwmis n adj reed, rush
lapislazuli(s)=lilaqva/qvis n adj la- ~safeni n rush,matting
pis-lasuli lerwi(mosawnavi) n rod, with
laJvardi(s) n adj azure ~vazis n adj tendril
lari=Toki n rope, string lerwisebri adj tendril-like
=keris mfarveli n sing/pl Lat. lar/laris lesva=galesva v n hone
lariqsi(s) n adj larch(tree), Larix (Lat) leqi(s) n adj sediment
lartya n cleat, lath, slat leqsi(ix.metri) n verse
~geodezistis n batten leqsis kiTxva v recite
lartyiT Sekvra v batten leqsika n vocabulary
lartyula n batten,lath leqsikoni n dictionary
lasti mownuli n adj wattle ~naSromis/wignis bolos n glossary
~safeni pole/stake flooring leSi n corpse
latani(s) n adj pole, stake ~frinvels/cxovelis n carcass
latifundia n latifundia ligatura n ligature, monogram
laureati n lauriate, prize winner liditi(s)=iaSma=iaspi(s) n adj jasper
lafani/lafnis n adj lime bast,bark=Ptero- livlivi v play of colors, tint
carya pterocarpa Lat. liTondamuSaveba=meliToneoba n metal
~xe/xis n adj hasel tree crafts/working
laqa n v spot, stain ~ganviTarebuli precocious metalworking
laqaSi(s) n adj cattail, reed liTonze minaduRi n soldering,scum(y)
laqebiani adj spotted, stained ~amokveTili cut in metal,engraved
laRi adj daring,fast,free,majestic,proud ~kveTa metal chasing/engraving
laye adj bad, rotten ~kupelireba cupellation technique
layuCebi n otolith ~nakeri n gap,joint line,junction,ridge
laSqara(si)=mxalSava=Savbalaxa n adj liTonTa Sednoba v conflate(meld/weld)
comfrey=Symphytum/Officinale gen. Lat. into each other
laSqari n host liToni(ix.xeze) n adj metal
laSqroba v n campaign against,launch, ~advildnobadi soldering ~
campaign,expedition,(rout)march(ing) ~TviTnabadi native/virgin ~
=salaSqrod mzad ready to take field ~Txieri molten ~
laSqrobis Sedegi n upshot of the ~ ~iSviaTi rare earth ~
laWe=sveli adj moist,wet ~keTilSobili precious ~
laxvari n lance, pike ~minarevebiani base/impure ~
laxtisTavi=kverTxisTavi n mace head, ~ morTuloba n v embosse(ment)
standard mount ~naprialebi burnished ~
lebani n bean ~naWedi beaten ~
~kaklis n karnel ~ornamentirebuli embossed ~
lebesi n sing/pl Lat. lebes/lebetis ~uminarevo non-shrinking ~
lebnianebi(ix.lobio) n pl beans ~uwrTobi non-tempered ~
legenda n legend,tale,traditional story ~feradi non-ferrous ~
legendaruli adj legendary ~furclovani sheet-metal
legioneri n legionary ~ Casasxmeli Riobi n opening for…
legioni n legion ~Cofura corroded ~
leibi n bedding ~Zneldnobadi refractory ~
lekverTxi=sakverTuli n garter,gaiter liToniT damagreba=CaduReba=Camagreba
strap v ger weld(ing) on/into, mend(ing)
leli(s)/lelqaSi(s) n adj rush ~mdidari metalliferrous site
lenti=babTa n band, ribbon ~Raribi less metal rich
lentisebri adj strapelike ~Cakereba v cast on, repair

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liTonmopoveba v n exploit(ation) of metals liTonuri adj metallic

liTonmqandakebloba n metal-chasing ~bzinvareba metal luster,metallic surface,
liTonis adj (in) metal silvery sheen
~aRmoCenamde adv Old World, pre-metal liTonSi/sxmulSi haeris buSti n blister,
~bzinva(reba) n gloss,metal-burnish/luster bubble
~(gamo)wrToba v ger temper(ing) liTonwarmoeba n metal producing/product-
~gaxureba v ger anneal(ing) ion
~gza n metal road lilaqva=lapislazuli(s) n adj lapisla-
~gube n stir suli
~gunda n bloom lilvaki=lilvi n roller
~zodi n bar, ingot ~iaraRze/nivTze n rib(ing)
~zoli n metal stripe ~naoTxali n echinus
~kveTa v ger chase(cut,engrave)(ing) =sartyeli n sing/pl Lat. fascia/fasciae
~masa monetaSi n bulk of (gold/silver…) =sorsoli n plait,rim,roller
~mdnobeli n rafter lilvsamkauli n grooved ornament
~miReba madnidan technique of recovering limani n liman
the metal from ore limbi n sing/pl Lat. limbus/limbi
~mopoveba v ger obtain(ing) metal(s) linza n lens
~morTuloba v n embosse(ment) linzis formis adj lentiform,lentoid
~moZieba m metaldetecting lipariti=rioliti(s) n adj rhyolite
~mxatvruli damuSaveba v ger chase(ing) lira=ebani=qnari n lyre
~nakeri n gap,joint (line),junction,ridge listeli n listel
~naprialebi adj burnished litavra(berZ) n kettledrum
~nawarmi n pl metalwors litania n litaneia
~naWeri n bar, piece literaturuli adj literary
~naxSirbadiT damuSaveba v n cement(ate ~wyaro ~ source
~nivTTa tipebi metal types liturgia(berZ) n liturgia,mass for sb
~nuJri n honeycomb saRmrTo ~ Communion service
~rgoli n quoit lobio(si) n adj kidney bean
~sadnobi avzi/tigeli n crucible,melting lodebiT nagebi made up of blocks
pot, pool lodebis zvavi n lump
~sakerveli n clamp lodi(s)(ix.qva) n adj block,boulder,lump
~samkauli n torque ~gaTlili n adj ashlar
~samsxmelo Riobi opening for input of ~daumuSavebeli unworked block
molten metal =kaWari n adj boulder
~saZiebeli xelsawyo n metal detector lodini v ger wait(ing)
~furceli n plate,sheet ~xangrZlivi long wait
~furclis gamokvervav hammer into sheet lolua n icicle
~fufxi/qerqi n patina,scab lomi n lion(ess)
~Reri n rod =xelsawyo n scrap iron
~Semkoba v ger emboss(ing) lomis bokveri n cub
~Semcveli adj metalliferrous ~msgavsi adj lionine
~Secxoba v nodulize lomsaxe n adj lion-faced
~CaduReba v weld into loJa n box
~ Cakereba v cast on, repair ~TeatrSi n pew
~Casasxmeli Riobi n opening for input ~masonTa n logge
of molten metal lorfini(ix.kramiti) n flat tile/stone,flag-
~wyluli n corrosion, scab ging stone
~xveuli=xvia(samkauli) n torque losi n elk
liTonisebri adj metal-like loya=Rawvi n cheek
liTonsadnobi qarxana n steelworks locva(ix.safeni) v ger n pray(er)(ing),de-
~Rumeli n melting furnace votions

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~vinmesTvis mass for sb ~tualetis n dressing ~

~mwuxris Evening Prayer,for ever,vespers, magistrosi n magistros
vigil(s) magiuri adj magic(al)
~samadlobeli thanksgiving service ~Tviseba/unari magical preoperty(ies)
~sauflo the Lord‟s prayer magnituri veli n confining field
~ciskris matins madani/madneuli(ix.wiaRiseuli) n ore
~Wamis win/mere benediction ~gamdidrebuli dressed ~
locvani n the Prayer Book ~damtvreuli drag ~
locvaSi garTuli adj discrete ~TviTnabadi embryonic/pure ~
~RamisTeva virgil(s) ~miwis zedapirze conspicuous/exposed ~
locvis aRvlena v offer up a prayer ~mongreuli freed ~
~Catareba v conduct a prayer ~SiSveli outcrop
lpoba(di) v adj decay, rot(ing) ~Cawolili embede(d) ~
ltolva v n aspire/aspiration ~ZarRvis matrix
ltolvili n adj refugee madli n blessing,good deed,grace
luTerani/luTeranuli n adj Lutheran madliani(ix.qveynis) adj abundant,benefitial,
lula n barrel, muzzle vitrous
lursmani/lursmnis n adj nail madnidan miReba/gamowurva v n ger ext-
~Tixis clay nail ract(ion),refine/recover(ing) metal from
~konusuri cone peg the ore,smelt(ing)
~farTeTaviani n stud, tingle madniT mdidari qanebi extensive deposits
=Wikarti n tack madnis gamdidreba v recover metal from the
~xis n (wooden)peg; peg figurine=nail ore
lursmnebiT moWedva v ger stud(ing) ~gamosavlianoba extraction(al) level,output
lursmuli adj cuneiform,wedge-shaped ~ ~ dabali poor ~ ~
~asoebi cuneiform characters ~ ~ maRali high ~ ~
~wera write in ~ script ~ ~ saSualo medium ~ ~
luskuma n shrine ~damuSaveba v n exploit(ation)
luwi ricxvi n regular number ~ ~ cikluri v ger (re)cycling stripping
lRoba=dnoba v ger melt(ing) ~zedapiruli/Ria ~ surface stripping
lRobadi=dnobadi adj fusible ~TviTnabadi naWeri n post
lRobis wertili n melting point ~maragi n deposit
lxini n banquit,feast; sing/pl Lat. sympo- ~mongreva v shatter the ore
sium/symposii ~mopoveba v ger n mine(ing),output, work
over mines
m ~ ~ maRaroSi v ger mine(ing)
magaliTze adv on the pattern,after the ~ ~ Ria wesiT surface stripping
example ~ ~ maRaroSi v ger mine(ing) by gallery
magaliTi n example,instance,sample ~ ~ SaxtSi v ger ~ by vertical shaft
~naTeli striking example ~natexi n squat
~nacnobi familiar sample ~recxva v wash(ing) ores
~wina the foregoing ~ ~ ~Semcveli adj ore-bearing
magaliTis damowmeba v refer to...,testify ~ZarRvi n vein
with… ~ ~ SiSveli outcropping ~
~moyvana/moSvelieba v cite example(s)
~xeliT akrefa v n benefication=hand pick
magari adj firm,hard,rebust,solid,strong,sto-
ing
ut,sturdy,substantial,tough mavedrebeli n adj interceding
magaroni=megaroni n hall-porch burial,ma-
mavzoleumi n sing/pl Lat. mausoleum/mau-
garon=megaron
solea
magia n magic
mavTuli(s) n adj wire
~Savi wizard(ry)
~grexili stranded ~
magida n table
~msxvili heavy-gauge ~

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mavne adj penocious ~saxeli patronymic name

mavritaneli/mavritanuli adj Moorish mamiseuli n adj paternal
mazdeani n fire-worshipper mamoba/mamobrivi v father(ed)
mazdeanoba n fire-worshipping mamoZravebeli n adj driver of sth,mover(s),
maTraxi n v switch, whip become a vehicle for sth
=faraoni n scourge mamri n adj male
maiolika/maiolikis n adj maiolica=majo- mamris=meomris Tviseba masculine=warlike
lica quality
maisi(ix.vardobisa,mariali) n May mamruli=(mama)kacuri n maleness
makebria(si)=cxeniskbila n adj pigeon‟s mamuli(ix.eklesiis) n estate,seat
milk ~ijariT n holding
maketi n mode(l) ~samemkvidreo n patrimony
makratela SeerTeba n dovetailing =samSoblo n home country
makrateli n pl usu scissors ~feodalis sasaxlianad n manor
~baRis n bill mamuliSvili n eminent/time honoured
~zambariani n pl usu scissors with spring person
~samedicino/cxvris saparsi n pl usu. manaTobeli n adj luminous
shares =mnaTobi n heavenly body
mala(ix.Zvali) n sing/pl Lat. vertebra/vert- manana(ix.nami) n adj heather,manna
ebrae mananis buCqnari n adj moorland
~kisris neck ~ ; neck bone mandili n scarf
~mkerdis chest ~ mandilioni=tilo iesos saxis anabeW-
~nagebobis n bay, range diT n Mandylion Gr.
~welis n lumbar vertebra manevruloba n maneuverability, mobility
~xidis n span manera(ix.poza,Sesrulebis,xerxi) n man-
malamo(si)=salbuni(s) n adj ointment,un- ner
guent ~damzadebis manner of manufacture
~wasma v rub on ~damuSavebis method of treatment
malaqiti(s) n adj malachite ~dauxvewavi careless(crude,cursory,imm-
~lurji n adj azurite ature,offhand,rough,unkempt)manner
male adv presently,rapidly,soon,shortly after ~daxvewili accurate(accomplished,delicate,
malamsrboli/Sikriki n courier elaborate,expressive,neat,sophis-
malfuWadi adj perishable(s) ticsted) manner
mama(o)(ix.eris) n father ~Cveulebrivi (in)general manner
Rirsi ~ venerable Father maneriT adv in fashion/manner
mamakaci n adj male,man maniSnebeli adj hinting/pointing to sth,indic-
mamakacis welze Semosaxvevi sasqeso or- ative factor for sth,foreshadow/signa-
ganos damcavi n jock-strap ling sth
mamamTavari n forefather,founder ~niSani n indication,hallmark,hint/point to
mamamZuZe n foster father, tropeios (Gr) mansarda n attic
mama-papeuli n ancestral property ~sacxovrebeli loft conversion
mamasaxlisi(ix.eklesiis) n head,official, mantia n cloack
senior man manZilze adv at(the) length of… within
~soflis n village headman (certain) distance
mamaRmerTi n God the Father,the Lord god manZili n distance,flight,passage
Pantocrator ~Tanabari sth at regular intervals,equidistant
mamaci adj valorous ~mokle short distance,shortline between…
mamacoba n prowess ~Sori long distance
mamebi=winaprebi(ix,eklesiis) n pl an- manWvali n kingpin,stud,tack
cestors,ancestry,forefathers manWkvala(si) n adj armillariella mellea Lat.
mamis=mamris xazi n male(paternal/pat- ~ cru n adj hypholoma sublateritium Lat
ronal) line maoxari n waster

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maJalo(si) n adj crab, white apple rue, Ruta Lat.

maragi(s) n adj fund,stock,storage,store,su- marili(s)(ix.eSxi) n adj salt
pply of sth marmarilo(si) n adj marble
~bevri plenty(ful) supply marmarilosebri=marmarisebri adj marb-
~gamoleva v (be) out of stock led,marble-like
~Sevseba v stock,supply martvili n adj martyr
~Sesanaxi n storage facilities,storeroom martviloba n martyrdom, torment (life)
maradi(uli)(ix.cxovreba) adj eternal,ever- marti(ix.igrika,mirkani) n March
lasting,forever.timeless,timelife martivad adv simply
maradisoba n perpetuity,timelessness ~nakveTi/naZerwi ~ moulded
maradiulad adv timelessly martivi adj artless,plain,rudimentary,simple,
maradiuloba n eternity, timelessness unsophisticated
maradmwvane adj evergreen martiriumi n sing/pl Lat. martyrium/mart-
marani(ix.WurWeli) n press-room,wine- yrii
cellar marto adv alone,isolated,lonely,singly,solely
marao(sebri)(ix.sarkmeli) n adj fan(like) martoobaSi adv in privacy, loneless
margaliti(s)(ix.sadafi) n adj pearl martoxela adj single
~oboli n adj pearl of orient martuReli n (horse)collar
~erTi brtyeli gverdiT n adj tympanium marula n horse-race
margvla v ger hoe,uproot,weed (ing) maryuJi n knot, loop
margili(s) n adj picket, stake marSruti/samarSruto n adj rout
~samijne n landmark marCieli n fortune-teller
~Casma v mark out marCieloba v n divine(ation),fortune telling,
mardi adj pernicious tell fortune,guesswork
mareki n beater marcvali n bean,corn,grain,seed
marTali adj honest,just,tighteous,true, marcvleuli/marcvlovnebi n adj Poaceae,
trustful poaceous cereal crops
marTebs=davalebulia=unda v owes ~umTavresi principal crops
marTebuli adj appropriate, relevant ~wamyvani staple crops/cereals
marTebuloba n on the relevance,relevancy marcvleulis ganiaveba(ix.qvis) v ger win-
marTva(ix.mmarTveloba,saxelmwifosi) v now(ing)
n administer/administration,come to con- ~moyvana v n cultivate,cultivation
troll,control,direct,drive system,helm, ~ormo n granary,grain,pit,storage pit
hold,lead,manage(ment),marshal into ~sasresi n quern,wheat stone
labour force,manage, run ~saSrobi n barn, hopper
~mkacrad rule gravely/severely ~Sroba ger corn-drying
~msubuqad rule with right hand ~wyaro source of grain
marTvis saWe/berketebi n paraphernalia ~jiSi strain of crops/grain
~xelovneba n state craft marcxena adj left
marTkuTxa adj rectangular,right angled marcxi n v defeat, fizzle out
marTkuTxedi n rectangle marcxnidan marjvniv adv left to right
~mogrZo n squarish marcxniv adv at/on the left,left-hand/wards
marTlmadidebeli n adj orthodox,catholi- marwuxi n pl usu pincers,tongs
cus(a)(um) (sing/pl Gr) marwyva balaxi(s) n adj Potentilla recta
marTlmadidebloba n Orthodoxy Hampe
marTlmadidebluri adj orthodox,catholice marwyvi(s) n adj strawberry
(Gr) ~mindvris n adj wild ~
mariali(sa)(ix.maisi,vardobisa) n May, marxva/marxuloba(ix.didmarxva,saSobao)
June v ger fast(ing)
mariamobisa(ix.agvisto,axalwlisani,qvel ~samdRiani ember fast,season,tide week
Tobisa) n August marxvis gatexa v break a fast=breakfast
mariamsakmeli/sakmlisa(ix.tegani) n adj ~wina dRe 1st day before fast

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marxili n sledge, sligh ~romelic qreba perishable material

~cxenSebmuli horse sligh(rides) ~ ~ ~ advilad material (so) sub-
marjani/marjnis n adj coral ject to decay
marjve adj convenient,proper ~romlis damuSavebac SeiZleba workable
marjvena adj right ~samuzeumo staff for museum
marjveni n spear ~samSeneblo building/generic material
marjvnidan marcxniv adv right to left ~ sacavSi daculi safe kept
marjvniv adv at/on the left,right-hand ~sicarielis Semavsebeli space-filling ~
masa n mass ~udreki rigid ~
~gamagrebuli concreted/hardened ~ ~uCveulo/ucxo alien ~
~gaciebuli hardened/rigid ~ ~Semavsebeli n fill(s)
~liTonisa monetaSi bulk of… ~Semkvreli agglutinative/binding material,
~miniseburi glaze ~ matrix
~moqnili plastic ~ ~Sesabamisi appropriate/respective fabric/
~mWidi cementing ~ ; tough material
~sagozavi putty ~Sesaswavli study material
~Secxobili clinker ~Wilofis matting material
~ZiriTadi bulk of sth ~Wreli patchy evidence
masazrdoebeli adj life-giving masalebi n pl contents of, materials
masala n artifact=artifact,evidence,fabric,find, ~konferenciis/simpoziumis proceed-
material ings of…
~anakrefi/zedapiruli surface/top finds, masaliT adv of (in,with)(certain,proper) mate-
material collected on the surface,surface rial
material masalis agebuleba/Semadgenloba n fabric,
~arqeologiuri archaeological material/ ingredients, texture
record ~agebuleba/Semadgenloba n texture,ingre-
~auarebeli flood of evidence/documentary dient(s)
~aRmoCenili/nivTieri artefactual evidence ~gamZleoba n durability/survival of material
~bevri sth found in profussion in… ~dalageba v n arrange(ment )(of) the ~
~gamZle adj durble ~Tavisebureba(ni) n particularity(ies)of ~
~ver ~ adj perishable ~katalogi n handlist
~zRva wealth of evidence/information ~mixedviT (designate) in terms of excavated
~TariRis damadasturebeli examples/ material
finds providing confirmation of date ~simdidre/siuxve panoply of (grave) goods
~keramikuli ceramic evidence ~simravle/wyeba strands of evidence
~maRali xarisxis high value material ~simcire patchiness/scrapes of evidence
~meti far more material ~raodenoba n amount(body,bulk,quantity)
~minisebri vitreous ~ of finds
~momdinare saidanme material coming/de- ~simravle strands of evidence
riving from N place(burial,settlement masivi n mass
~moqnili plastic material =teritoria n massif
~mravalferovani (far) wider rang of ma- masiurad adv massively
terial(s) masiuri adj mass(ive)(process),prominent
~mcire patchy evidence =ara fuye adj solid
~mwiri/uRimRamo meager/scanty material(s), ~gatana/Semotana v export/import of sth
scantiness of finds massive scale
~mWidi/Semkvreli bind(bond,cement,conn- ~nawarmi mass production items/pieces
ect(ing) material ~raodenobiT(formiT/woniT)adv massive
~nedli raw material ~warmoeba v mass produced/production,ma-
~nivTieri artefacts=artifcts,pieces,things sive process of mastering sth eg.
~ramis gasakeTeblad material(s) iron-making
~romelime Zeglis body of finds ~warmoebis adj mass produced works

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masiuroba n solidity ~krizisis n indication/indicator of crisis

maskarone n mascherone Ital. maqmani(s) n adj v tat
masobrivi adj massive maqo n lock-stitch, shuttle
~warmoeba mass production maRalganviTarebuli adj sth of high qua-
~xasiaTi(s) ~ character lity,highly developed/sophisticated
maspinZeli(kaci/qali) n host(ess) maRalzurgiani adj high-backed
maspinZloba v host, be a host maRali adj elevant,high,tall
uxvi ~ lavish entertainment ~done high level
masra n plug, socket, staff ~sinji high grade
masriseburi adj plug-shaped ~sfero(sazogadoebis)the high/upper crust
mastaba n mastaba ~Rirebuleba high price/value
masStabi n scale maRalkeTilSobileba(v) (your)Excellency
~didi grand/large ~ maRalmTiani adj Alpine, highlands
~mcire micro/small ~ maRalmxatvruli adj highly artistic
~farTo grand ~ maRalmxatvruloba n high artistry
masStaburoba n sth of large dimention(exte- maRaluwmindesoba(v) (your) Eminence/Grace
nsiveness,rang,scale) maRalfardovani adj high flown
maswavlebeli/ostati n master,teacher, maRalfexiani adj ~ pedestalled
preceptor maRalyeliani adj straight necked
matarebeli n bearer maRaro(s)(ix,Saxti) n adit, gallery,mine
~niSnebis bearer of clear features/signs ~gasafarToebeli xelsawyo n reamer
=transporti n train ~derefani gallery
mateba v n access(ion),add(ing),augment(at- ~Ria open pit mine
ion),enlarge(ment),exceed,growth,heighten maRaroeli=memeRaroe(ix.meSaxte) n miner
increase,promote,raise =mngreveli n coal/ore-hewer,getter
matebs v adds maRlari=babilo=talaveri n arbor,aven-
materialur-teqnikuri adj logistic(al) enue of high trunk vine trees;pergelle/
~uzrunvelyofa sth logistically provided pergellato (Ital)
materialurad adv materially maRlivi adj highrise building/structure,tower
~aRWurvili ~ equipped block
materialuri adj material maRlobebze n/pl adv on heights(of N areas)
~aRWurviloba ~ equipment(s) maRlobi n height,hill, rise
~gamoxatuleba tangible expression mayali n brazier(for Georgian barbecue)
~kultura material culture mayvali/mayvlis(ix.Jolo,ZaRlmayvala) n
~narCenebi tangible remains adj blackberry
~naSTebi material relics maSa=sakece n poker,tongs
~simdidre ~ wealth ~samedicino n pl tweezers
materiki=kontinenti(kunZulisTvis) n maSin adv then
mainland maSindeli adv (the) then, up-to-then
matiane n pl annals, chronicles ~donis zeviT above the then level
~ 1 wlis n sing annal, chronicle ~ ~ qveviT below ~ ~ ~
matitela(si)n adj Lat. Polygonum aviculre maCvenebeli n indication/indicator of sth,
matli n (earth) worm marking pointer of sth
~kvercxi n larva ~maRali donis sth display(ing) high level
matrica n sing/pl Lat. matrix/matrices ~mimarTuli adj indicator pointing…
matulobs v exeeds,extends,increases ~naSromis bolos n sing/pl Lat. index/
matyli(s) n adj fleece, wool(en) indices
~momcemi adj wool-bearing ~niSani n indicator
~CeCva ger carding ~ramis indicative(medium/suggestive) of sth
matyuara adj deceptive, false, lier ~rogorc as an indiction of sth
mauwyebeli n forerunner,foreshadow,harbin- ~xiluli conspicuous indicator of sth
ger,messenger,precursor maCvi n badger

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macdunebeli adj seductive, tempting ~dawvrilebiT n v recount

macduneblad adv seductively mbJutavi adj smoulder(ing)=smolder(ing)
macdurad adv deceitfully mbrunavi(ix.wre) adj revolving, rotating,
macduri n adj d(a)emon(s),deceitful turning
macne(ix.mauwyebeli) n inquirer mbrZanebeli n master/mistress
= samecn.gamocema bulletin mgalobeli n chorister
macocxlebeli adj life-giving ~Citi n song bird
macxovari n Christ the Saviour mgel-ZaRla n wolf-hound,dog wolf=wolf
macxovrebeli n habitant,resident, settler dog
macxovris kari Saviour‟s Gate mgzavri n passenger, treveller
~saxe tiloze gadasuli=mandilioni mgzavroba v n journey,track,travel, trip
n Mandylion Gr. = gza n passage, trip
mawoni/mawvnis n adj Caucasian/sour milk mgzavrobisas adv in rout (Fr)
maWankali(kaci) n procurer mgznebare adj vehement
~qali n match-maker mglad qceva(miTiuri)adamianisa n lycan-
maWankloba v n procure(ment) thropy
maWari/maWris n adj mustum=new wine mdabio(ri) n adj baseblood,low-class, a
maxaTi n bodkin person of humble position,peasant,
maxarebeli n Annunciator, evangelist plebeian
maxarobeli n messenger of good news ~warmomavlobis a person from a humble
maxasiaTebeli adj n characteristic, feature position
ZiriTadi ~ essential feature mdabiorni(ix.eri) n pl the common peop-
maxe=xaro n v trap le,people of humble birth,mob,plebs/
plebes (Lat)
maxvilgonivruli adj witty
mdare adj low grade,shoddy sort
maxvilTaRiani adj vaulted
~xarisxis sty of low/poor(er) quality,low
maxvili(ix.satevari) adj pointed,sharp
grade, shoddy sort
~goneba acute, subtle mdaRveli=Wdis damsmeli n marker
~Tvali eagle-eye(d),keen-sight(ed) mdgomareoba n arrangement,circumstances,
=iaraRi n sword conditions,position,state,status
~bolokveTili ~ with cut-away end ~gabatonebuli n principality
~kreta-mikenuri Creta-Mycenae ~ ~gamouvali n quagmire
~ mokle bill, short sword ~mdgradi adj firm
~muxliani cranked ~ ~myari n foothold
~namglisebri sickle-like ~ ~sazogadoebrivi be lower/higher in society
~orlesuli/orfxiani double-bladed ~ ~ ~ maRali n eminence
~saorxelo ~ held in both hands/used ~saomari martial law
with both hands ~socialuri social identity, ststus
~saCxvleti sharp ~ ~cudi sth (is) in disrepair
~saZgerebeli stubbing/thrusting ~ mdgomi(ix.Tavisuflad,calke) adj stand-
~calfxiani single-bladed ~ ing
~xmlisebri saber mdgradi adj conservative,persistent,stable
maxvilis dasma vn emphasis(e),make points ~moxazuloba/forma rigid outline/form
maxvilwiboiani adj planed ~pirobebi stable conditions
maxlobeli adj near ~safuZveli firm(er) ground
maxrCobela(si)(mcen) n adj tussock-grass, mdgradoba n persistence,stability
Aira caespitosa Lat. mdebare adj located,lying, situated
maja/majis(ix.abjari) n adj wrist ~mTis ZirSi adj submontane
mahmadiani n adj Mohammedan,Saracen mdebareoba n disposal,locality,(on the) locati-
mahmadianoba n Mohammedanism on,position,setting,sircumstance,site
mbzinavi adj bright, glossy ~gabatonebuli commanding position/view
mboba=Txroba v n narrate(ion),recount,(re) ~geografiuli geographic position
tell

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~zusti precise location ~zemoqmedebiT adv through ~ action

mdabareobs v lies, is located/situated,stret- ~kalapoti n bed
ches,extends,stands ~ ~ damSrali dry bed
mdedri=dedakaci n adj female ~ ~ Zveli old
~merZeuli lactating ~ ~ kaSxali/jebiri n weir
mdedris xazi ~ line ~toti n arm
mdedruli(Sdr.mamruli) Tviseba love qu- ~muxli n reach
ality ~napiri n bank, riverside
~sawyisi ~ origin ~ ~ cicabo n pl bluffs
mdelo n grassland/plot,lawn,meadow ~napiris daxriloba steepness of the ~
mdidari adj ample,opulent,replete with sth, ~piri/pira, napirebi n riverine area(s)
rich in sth,superb, wealthy ~riye n daw bank of the ~
~mecn.memkvidreoba ample scientific heritage ~ riyis qva(ix.qva) n adj riverine stone
~wyaroebiT adj rich in sources ~saTave n ~ head, upper reaches
mdidrulad adv abundantly,elaborately,lavis ~sanapiro n riverside
hly,exuberantly,richly superbly,sumptously ~foni n ford
mdidruli adj abundant,elaborate,exuberant, ~qvemo dineba/weli n down/lower stream
affluent,fashionable,imposing,lavish,lux- ~SeerTebis adgili mouth of confluence
urious,sumptuous,superb ~ ~ ~ zRvasTan n estuary,mouth
mdivani n scribe,scriptor,secretary
~Senakadi n tributary
~piradi private secretary
~SesarTavi=wyalSesayari n cofluence
~swavluli secretary
~Suaweli/welze n adv middle area/re-
mdinare n river
aches
~arasanaosno adj non-shipping,useless for ~Casma kalapotSi v n encase(ment)
transport ~xeoba n gorge
~daklaknili meandering ~
jebiri ~ gaswvriv n embankment
~erTvis mdinares ~ flows into together,
~ ~ ~ Camketi n dam,dike-dyke,weir
confluent ~
mdored adv smoothly
~ ~ zRvas ~ flows into the sea
mdumare(d) adj adv silent(ly)
~Tavad Wris kalapots ~ etches the way
mdumareba n silence
~kveTs qeds/xeobas ~ cuts through
~gardamavali periodis passing nod
~mdore soft/still flowing ~
meabreSumeoba n silkworm husbandry
~mTis mountain stream
meabjre n armourer
~miedineba/moedineba ~flows/sprangs forth
meandri n sing/pl meander
~saTaves iRebs v ~ rise(s)
~talRuri vawy ~
~sanaosno adj navigable/waterway ~
~xazovani liniar ~
~swrafi adj fast-flowing ~
mebaduri n seiner
~wyaluxvi a ~ with great deep/volume
mebalzame n embalmer
mdinareze adv on the river
mebaJe n tax collector
mdinaris adj fluvial, river‟s
mebaReoba n arboriculture
~auzi=qvabuli(ix.zRvis) n basin,watersh
mebostne n market gardener
ed
~gadalaxva v cross mebotneoba n market-gardening
~gadaketva/damorCileba v dam,straddle mebrZoli n adj fighter,fighting,militant,war-
~gadavla kalapotidan burst the banks, rior
megaroni n sing/pl megaron/megara Lat.
overflow
~ganStoeba n remification megzuri n guide
~gza n waterway =wigni ~ book=(K.Baedeker) (Germ)
~dablobi n floodplain, valley megobari n friend
~debiti n affluent ~uaxloesi n bosom friend
~dinebis sapirispirod adv upstream medaviTne n reader, sacristan, sexton
~zemo dineba/weli=dinebaze n adv ~ medaviTneoba n dogmatism
medali n medal

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medalioni n locket, medallion meTuneoba(ix.sameTuneo) n pottery making/

medasavleTeoba=evropisken mimarTuli production,pottering
n Occidentalism meTuneobamdeli adj aceramic,pre-pottery
medegi(ix.gamZle) adj persistant,stable,stead- mekavSire n orderly
fast mekasre n cooper
medegoba n resistance, stability mekerme n money-changer
medlis moWra v strike mekubove n coffin-maker, undertaker
meetle n coachman mela(mamri/mdedri) n fox/vixen
~meomari n charioteer, chariot-warrior mura ~ red fox
~raindoba n chariot-knighthood melani/melnis n adj ink
meetleoba n chariotry ~romelic ar iSleba/qreba indelible ~
~xeloba n carriagecraft meliTone n metalsmith/worker
mevaxSe n money-lender,argentarius meliToneoba(ix.metalurgia) n metalsmi-
mevenaxe n vinedresser/grower thary/working,metallurgy
mevenaxeoba n vine-growing, viniculture ~mxatvruli artistic metalwork
mezarafxane=zarafi n coiner ~feradi non-ferrous metallurgy
mezobeli n adj neighbor(ing) ~Savi ferrous ~
~axlo immediate neighbor melodia/melodiuri n adj tune(ful)
~kuTxe adjoining region melqiori(s) n/adj cupro-nickel, German
~teritoriebi surrounding regions silver
~qveynebi countries adjoining one another memadne(oba)(ix.madani) n miner, mine(ing)
~Zegli nearby site memamule=miwaTmflobeli n landowner,
mezoblad adv adjacently,in the direct vici- landlord/lady
nity,in neighbourhood/proximity,nearby, memamulisa adj manorial
side by side,thereabouts of… mematiane n annalist, chronicler
mezobloba n adjacency,neighbourhood,pro- memindvre-mesaqonle n agropastorialist
ximity ~measaqonleoba n agropastoralism
mezoblobaSi adv (in) thereabouts of… ~miwaTmoqmedi n agriculturalist,farmer
mezoblurad adv neighbourly memindvreoba=miwaTmoqmedeba n agriculture,
mezokranuli adj mesocranium farming
mezRvauri(ix.zRvaosani) n sailor, seafarer memindvria(cxoveli) n Microtina
meTauri(ix.fexosanTa) n head, leader memkvidre(kaci/qali)(ix.samemkvidreo) n
meTauroba v n head/helm at,leadership,pri- heir(ess),inheritor/inheritress,offsp-
macy ring,successor
meTaurobiT adv headed by sb ~pirdapiri=uSualo immediate ~
meTesleoba n seed-growing =saqmis gamgrZelebeli n successor
meTvalyure(ix.muzeumi) n inspector,spec- ~taxtis crown prince(ss),Prince(ss) Ro-
tator,supervisor,monitor yal,crown hereditary prince(ss)
meTvalyureoba v n ger control,inspect(at- memkvidreebis daxocva bavSvobaSi v n di-
ion)(orate),monitori(ing),supervise(ion), spatch=despatch
watch(ing) memkvidreoba n heredity,heritage,inheritance
meTodi(ix.xerxi) n method, way of… heritance,legacy of sth,asset
meTodis SemuSaveba v n define/evolve a ~kulturuli cultural heritage
method,define a method,definition of a ~mdidari ample ~
method ~samSeneblo building ~
meTodologia(ze)(Si) n (on/in) methodology ~sulieri intellectual ~
meTuluxCe n water-carrier ~taxtis n succession to the throne
meTune=keramikosi(ix.sameTuneo) n ceram- memkvidreobaze pretenzia make claims on
ist,potter the legacy of sb
meTuneTa ubani n the Potteries memkvidreobiT miReba v adj n inhere in,
meTunis damRa n potter‟s mark inherited,heritage(v),hereditably,here-
~morgvi=Carxi n potter‟s wheel ditarity,heritably,inherent,ancestral

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~gadacemagadacema v n transmit,transmiss- meoxebiT adv under/with patronage of sb

ion meoxi n patron,protector
~datovebis sabuTi n deed mepatrone n owner
~miReba v heritance mereme n horse-breeder/herd
memkvidreobiTi adj hereditary meriqife n cup-bearer
~Tviseba ~ feature merqani/merqnis n adj timber,wood,wood-
~mtroba n feud pulp
memkvidreobiToba n (dynastic) succession, ~rbilobi(s) n adj pith
heredity, survivance merqnisebri adj hard
memkvidreobisa n adj descent meryevi adj fluctuating,oscilating,varying
memkvidreobis wesi rule of succession meryeoba v rang from…to; vary (greatly)
memozaike n mosaic maker meryeobs... v average between…
memoriali n memorial (to) merZeuli adj lactating
memorialuri adj (co)memorial,memento of… merxi=grZeli skami n bench
~nivTebi n pl usu memorabilia of… ~gverdiTi n side bench
memuarebi n pl memoirs mesakuTre n man of property,proprietor,owner
menaxire n herdsman wvrili ~ petty proprietor
menaxSire n charcoal-burner mesakuTrulad/mesakuTruli gonebiT
menji(ix.Zvali) n femour;pelvis/pelves Lat. adv entrepreneurially-minded
meoTxedi(ix.ukana) num n quarter mesameuli adj tertiary
meoTxeuli adj quarternary mesaflave n grave-digger, interrer
meomari/molaSqre n combatant,military,sol- mesaqonle=mecxovele n breeder,cattleman/
dier,warrior farmer,pastorlist,stock breeder
~daqiravebuli mercenary mesaqonleoba(ix.mecxoveleoba) n cattle-
~meetle charioteer breeding,stock breeding/rising economy,
~fexosani=qveiTi soldier on foot,infantry- animal husbandry,herding
man v raise lifestock
~cxenosani cavalry soldier mesaydre(ix.Tanamesaydre) n successor
~xalxi warlike people mesawole n chamberlain
meomruli/meomruloba adj n militancy, mesaWe n the person at the helm
worlike mesaWurvle(ix.saWurveli,xelosani) n
meoradi(ix.dakrZalva) adj second hand, armourer,gunsmith
secondary meseri=Robe n fence,parapet.stokade,doub-
~gamoyeneba secondary use le palisade=pailing,timber
meordeba v re-appears,repeatedly re-occurs, mesvete n the Devout, pillarist, Stylite
is repeated,retroacts mesia bibl. n Messiah
meore num adj the second,secondly mestvire n piper
~naxevari the latter, second part metalurgia(ix.meliToneoba) n metellurgy
oridan ~ adj the latter metalurgiaSi daostatebuli sb‟s great
=sxva pron. another familiarity with ~
~xarisxovani adj secondary metalurgiuli adj metallurgical
meored adv for the second time, secondly ~saqmianoba ~ activity
~misvla second coming meteori n shooting star
~ gamoyeneba(ix.meoradi) second(ary)(ari- meti adv (far) more, N times as many as sth
ly) use(d) ~da ~ increasingly, more and more
meores mxriv adv secondly,on the other hand ~da mravalferovani (far) more and
meorexarisxovani adj collateral,minor,seco- wider range of sth
ndary metismetad adv badly,enormously,excessiv-
meocnebe n adj visionary ely,heavily,highly,lavishly,strongly,too,ut-
meox meyav! Patronimize me! terly,very
meoxeba v n encourage(ment),patronize/pat- ~gamartiveba v n oversimplify/simplification
ronage,support ~mniSvnelovani sth highly significant for…

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metismeti adj excessive,lavish,over… =monarqi n monarch

metnaklebad/naklebi adv adj mor or less ~moqmedi reigning ~
metobiT adv sth in excess of eg. 200 ~mjdomi...residing king
metopi n metope; metopa/metopae (sing/pl ~pativmoyvare/trabaxa vainglorious ~
Lat) ~sulieri adj spiritual ~
metopuri adj metopic ~susti/uunaro impotent ~
metoqe(oba) n rival(ry) ~yofili n viceroy
metri n meter ~cru adj false/moking king
=adamiani n master ~wminda da xelSeuvali sacrosanct
~leqsis n metre mefed kurTxeva v n ger anoint(ment),
metruli adj metric crown(ing)
metropolia n centre of empire, mother mefeTa rigi series of kings
country mefeTmefe n King of Kings
metsaxeli(s) n v nickname mefis nacvali(ix.qvrivi) n viceroy
~Serqmeva v dub ~gadadgoma v n abdicate/abdication (in fa-
metyeve n forester vour of sb)
metyveleba v speak ~dasma v n install(ment)(of) a king
metyvelebis unari n faculty of speech,or- ~meurve lord protector
al/verbal ability ~mier taxtis memkvidreobiT miReba v
metyveli adj (the most) telling,impressive succeed to the throne
~dasturi/sabuTi telling evidence ~mironcxeba/kurTxeva ger sacring
~magaliTi ~ example ~taxtis miReba sb assume(s)(d) the title of~
metyvelebs v speaks ~Camogdeba v n dethrone(ment),overthrow
Tavad ~ ~ for itself ~Zlierebis xana (in the) plentitude of king‟s
~sasargrblod in respect of sth power
meudabnoe(ix.udabno) n anchorite,hermit mefisa=dedoflisa=samefo adj royal
meurve(oba) n v custodian,custody,guard mefiswuli=ufliswuli=batoniSvili n
(ian)(ship),tutor(ship),ward(ship) inante/infanta, prince(ss)
meurne n farmer mefoba v n hold scepter,king,reign,royalty
meurneoba n economic life,economy,farm =batonoba n kingship
~naturaluri kind-economy ~erTi vadiT one-reign monarch
~saaxoe slash-and-barn=swidden cultivation ~ewera/uweria be bound to king…
meufe(ix.tyis) n Heavenly King, Lord =skiptris pyroba wielde the sceptre
=adamiani n master/mistress ~xangrZlivi/xanmokle long/short-reigning
=mRvdeli n (arch)bishop,metropolitan,reve- king/monarch
rend sb mefobis dros/xana n (during) the reign/roy-
meuRle=Tanamecxedre=qmari/coli n alty
yoke-mate ~simbolo n crown (is emblematic of royalty)
~mefis kacis n queen ~weli n regnal year of sb
~ ~ qalis prince consort ~xelT aReba v take over kingship
mefe(ix.qveSevrdomi) n king mefobisas adv under (series of) king(s)
~brwyinvale/mnaTobi the Resplendent mefobisTvis ganwiruli be bound to king…
~gadamdgari adj abdicated king mefrinveleoba n poultry husbandry
~gaugebarigaurkveveli obscure ~ mefsalmune n psalm reader, sexton
~gvariT/STamomavlobiT patronymic ~ mefuri adj kingly, regal, royal
~dakarguli/Cakarguli slot kings into la- mefutkre n honey-farmer
cuna of records mefutkreoba n apiculture, bee-culture
~damkanonebeli/kanonmdebeli validating ~ ~tyis wild-honey farming
~damokidebuli adj subject(ed) ~ meqalamne n bast-shoe maker
~daumorCilebeli unsubdued ~ meqanikuri adj power-driven/press
~didi Great King meqnare n harpist
~momdevno(ebi) subsequaent king(s) meqsele=mqsoveli n weaver

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meqrTameoba n bribary mewinave n adj leader,leading

meRvine n wine-grower mewisqvile n miller
meRvineTuxucesi n butler, cellarer mewisqvileoba ger milling
meRvineoba(ix.vaWari) n wine-making mewyeri n avalanche, landfall(slide/slip)
meyvseulad adv all of a sudden, suddenly mewyvile n running mate
meSaxte n collier,miner meWeWi n wart
meCeTi n mosque meWde n cutter, notcher
meCxerad adv sparsely,thinly meWurWleTuxucesi n minister of finances,
meCxeri adj scanty, sparce, thin treasurer
mecadineoba v ger study(ing), do lessons mexi n thunder(bolt)(s)
=mcdeloba v efforts (pl usu),endeavor mexileoba n arboriculture, fruit-growing
mecenati n patron(ess) mexis mfrqveveli the thunderer, Zeus
mecixovne=cixioni n guard, sentinel mexofe=meniCbe n oarsman, rower
~jari n garrison mexre n teamster
mecniereba n sciency, thought ~Ramis n night ~
~humanitaruli n humanities,scholarship ~Ziris n driver, teamster
mecnierebaSi mimdinareoba school of mexsiereba n memory, retention
thought mexsierebaSi aRdgena v n furbish, mental
mecnierTa jgufi scientific (advisory)body reproduction
mecnieri n scholar,scientist mejvare nefis n groomsman
didi ~ the great mejinibe n stable-man, groom
msoflio saxelis mqone scholar of inter- mejinibeTuxucesi(ix.amilaxvari) n equa-
national distinction rry
wamyvani ~ top scientist mejoge n drower,herdsman, horse-herd
mecniermuSaki n research fellow/assistant mehari=urvadi=yalimi n bride money
mecnierulad adv learnedly,scientifically mza(ix.nawarmi) adj finished, ready
mecnieruli adj scholarly,scientific mzad adj adv ready/readily, be ready
~dakvirveba v n observe/observation ~salaSqrod/saomrad ready to take field
~memkvidreoba scientific heritage mzadeba v n arrange(ment)(s),prepare(ation)
~ ~ mdidari ample ~ ~ (s)
~Semoqmedeba scholarly/scientific creativity ~sakvebis v n ger cook(ing),prepare/prepa-
mecxeneoba n horse-breeding ration
mecxvare(kaci/qali) n shepherd(ess) mzadyofna n preparedness, react positively,
mecxvareoba n sheep-rearing readily,willingness
mecxoveleoba(ix.mesaqonleoba) n animal mzardad adv excessively, increasingly
husbandry,stock-rising mzardi adj excessive,expand,extend,increa-
~baguri stalled ~ se)(ing),progressive
~bagur-mwyemsuri stalled and posture ~ ~gamoyeneba increasing(ly) use(d)
~mkvidri settled ~ ~sofeli/qalaqi bustling (city/village)
~momTabare pastoral-nomad ~ mzareuloba n culinary practice
~produqtebi pastoral production mze n the sun
~samTabaro posturing ~ mzebudoba n Midsummer‟s day, solstice
mecxoveleobis produqt(eb)i pastoral pro- mzeze gamoyvana v ger dry(ing), jerk(ing)
duction mzeTunaxavi n the (reigning) beauty
meZebari=ZaRli n hound, retriver mziani adj sunny
mewarme n manufacturer mzidi adj bearing, supporting
mewarmeoba n entrepreneurship,manufacturing mziTvi n dowry
activity mzis(ix.kuWis Tavi) adj solar
mewaRe n cobbler, shoemaker ~etli sun boat
mewveli saqoneli diary cattle, milch ~saaTi n gnomon, sundial
mewvrilmane(vaWari/xelosani) n petty ~sinaTleze gamotana v n expose/expos
trader ure

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~Casveneba v n decay, wither up mTvare n the moon

~Casvla v ger set(ing) ~axali/namgala crescent/new ~
mzomi xelsawyo n gauge ~iklebs/klebulobs v ger wane(ing)
mzralad xvna v autumnal ploughing ~imatebs/matulobs v ger waxe(ing)
mzrunveli n caretaker, custodian,guardian naxevar ~ crescent, half ~
mTa(ix.mTebi) n hill, mountain ~savse/Zveli full ~
~aRmarTuli v adj rise(s)(ing) mTvaris rkali(axali) n cusp
~dabali n quite ~simbolo moon symbol
~dablobze aziduli raising above plain ~formis crescent
=(bevri) saqme mass of work to do ~qalRmerTi Moon Goddess
~cicabo steep hill ~qva/qvis n adj moonstone
mTagoriani=mTiani adj hilly(ground),moun- mTvarisebri adj lunate
taineous,jugged terrain,rolling ground/hill(s), naxevar ~ adj lunate,semilunar
rugged landscape mTavarmarTebeli n general governor
mTagrexili n chain(s) of mountains=mou- mTvlemare(ix.vulkani) adj nodding
ntain chain/ridge mTianeTi n rugged highland(s),intermontane
mTagrexilis orive mxares adv sth lies/ly- zone,upland
ing astride a mountain ridge mTiani=mTagoriani adj hilly,jugged terrain,
mTavarangelozi n archangel mountainous,rolling ground/hill
mTavardiakoni n archdeacon mTibavi n cleaver,hay-maker, mower
mTavarepiskoposi n archbishop mTieli n highlender,hillman
mTavar(i) adj basic,chief,crusial,deciding,do- mTis adj mountain
minant,essential,focus,fundamental,head, ~broli(s) n adj rock crystal
important,key,main,major,pilot,pivotal,pri- ~bokvi(s)=nekerCxali n adj sycamore
mary,principal,top,underlying ~bruca(cxoveli) n Spalax
=tituli n Duke ~ganStoeba n spur
mTavarmarTebeli n general-governor ~kalTa/ferdi n flanck,hillside/slope
mTavarsardalin commander in chief,worlord ~Tavze adv on the top of a mountain
~ umaRlesi n supreme commander ~ ~ mdgomi ram sth perch(ing) on top of ~
mTavrdeba v sth breaks off/ends,starts to ~naSali(s) n adj hill-wash
wane ~niaRvari n adj mountain stream
mTavroba n government
~Sverili n brow of the hill
~droebiTi provisional ~
~Zira/wina adj foothill,submontane
~erovnuli erTobis National Unity ~
~Ziri n foot of mountain,piedmont,root of
~koaliciuri coalition ~
the hill
mTaze dadgmuli/mikruli sth perch(ing) on ~wina/wineTi/wini adj n foothills,submont-
slope/top of a mountain ane
mTaTa warmoqmna v mountain building mTixvi n squash
~rigebi/wyeba tangle of mountains mTlad adv entirely,fully,wholly,very…
mTaSi=mTebSi adv in the highland(s)/mounta- mTlianad adv completely,entirely,fully,in all/
ins,on the heighs of..,up hill whole,totally,wholly
~ da velebi n pl hills and dales mTlianadsxmuli adj one piece casting
mTebis sartyeli n belt(s) of ranges mTliani=erTi mTeli adj all-in-one,comple
mTebSi adv intermontane zone te,solid,whole
mTel(i)(s) adj adv complete,entire,intact,safe ~morisgan sth made from the trunk of single
unbroken,whole,sum total,total log
~nawili n constituent part ~naWrisgan sth made in one single piece
~periodis ganmavlobaSi within the overall ~raodenoba overall number/quantity
range of N period mTlianoba n integrity
~rogorc erTi n as a whole mTlianobaSi adv in all,entirely,on the
~cxovreba n lifetime whole,so far..,sth integral
mTels... adv thorough the… mTxovneli n applicant

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miamiti adj rustic midevna ramis v persecute

miamitoba n rusticity midis v moves, continues, progresses
miamit(a)(ura)d adv rustically midreka v incline to, whirl
miando vinmes rame v commission midrekileba n flair,inclination,liability,passi-
mianiSnebs v hints/points to,indicates,sth ma- on,penchant,predilection,proneness,
kes it likely that..,signals relish,tend(ency)
miaRwia v reached ~ ramisadmi n flair,proclivity/taste for sth
~zenits sb/sht ~ (his/her,its) zenith midrekili adj be inclined,proned,tended to
~rames v achieve(d),persue(d) to evolve into sth,liable
miaxleba v kiss the ground,prostrate one- miduReba v ger solder(ing)/weld(ing) on
self miduRebuli adj soldered/welded on
=axlos misvla v come nearer miekuTvneba v sth attributed to sth,sb/sth be-
miaxloeba v approach, come closer/nearer longs to/is assigned to
~gamoTvlisas v n approximate(ion) miendo vinmes v trust sb
~dasasruls near end mierTeba v n annex(ation),attach with
miaxloebiT adv approximately, roughly mierTebis manera/xerxi method/way of
miaxloebiTi adj approximate(d) attachment
~formiT approximating to some shape mierTebuli adj attached,incorporated
mibaZva(ix.minabaZi) v acquire,adopt,borrow, miesadageba v sth is relevant to sth
copy,emulate/imitate(ion),int- miewereba v sth is ascribed/assigned to sth,
ercept,replicate,share attributed,prescribed/prescripted to sb/sth,
mibaZviT adv in imitation of sb/sth sth is credited with…
mibma v n annex(ation),bind(ing),coordinate miviwyeba v forget
(ion),dovetail,lash,sandwich,tie miviwyebuli adj cowed,downtrodden,forgot-
mibmuli adj annexed,bound,coordinated,tied ten
mibneva=mimagreba v fix, pin mizani n aim,cause,intention.goal,objective,
mibruneba v go back to, (re)turn(ing) purpose of,reason for,summit,target
~sakiTxze v n resume/resumption mizandasaxuloba n intention
~saqmeze v n retrieve/retrieval,revert ba- mizanSewonili adj expedient
ck to sth mizanSewoniloba n expedience=expedien-
~ukan v disgress to do sth,recede cy
mibjena v n lean to, terminate/termination mizanSi amoReba v sight,take a sight,target
mibjenili adj adjoining,leaned/leaning to,te- mizezi n cause,reason,the root factor
rminated mizniT adv with the aim/purpose of doing sth
migeba(ix.pativis) v ansver, pay, reward miznis miRweva v achieve the aim
~misageblisa do homage miznobrivi adj international
migebeba v come/go out to meet, welcome ~daxmareba grant-in-aid
migvaniSnebs v hints to, points at(out,to) miTviseba v n appropriate(ation)
migviZRvis/mivyavarT v sb/sth leads to… miTi n myth
migracia v n migrate(ion),transhumance miTiTeba v n indicate(ion),check,note,hint to
migraciuli adj migration, migratory,trans- guide-line,point-out/to,precept,prescri-
humant ption,refer/tend,signal,tip,trace
migroveba(ix.mixveta) v pile, shovel ~gverdis bolos foot note
midamoebi n pl surroundings miTis Seqmna ger mythmaking
midgma v attach sth to sth,fix, lean to miTiuri adj fabulous, mythical
midgmuli=mibjenili adj leaned to,fixed naxevrad ~ semimythic
sth against sth,attachmmnet miTologia=miTosi n mythology
midgoma v n access,approach miTologizacia v n mythologise(ation)(ing)
~axleburi novel approach miTologiuri adj mythological
~obieqturi objective/unbiased ~ miipyro=miiqcia v attracted, captured
~subieqturi biased/subjective ~ miiRo v get,receive,take
midgomis kuTxe/mxare n angle of… ~saxe sth took the form of…

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~Camoyalibebuli saxe sth assumed a re- ~mTavari mainstream

gular character
~xasiaTi sth acquired/took upon a cha-
racter of…
mikedleba v join
mikedleuli adj joined
mikereba v gold together
mikerZoeba v (have a) bias towards,prejudice
~sawinaaRmdegod (have a) bias against
mikerZoebuli v adj be biased towards..,pre-
ferential,prejudiced
mikroba v adhere to,attach,cling
mikruli adj adhered,attached,clung
mikroliTi(s) n adj microlith
~segmenturi segmented ~
~sworkuTxa rectangle ~
~trapeciuli trapezoid ~
mikroCasarTi(s) n adj microinset
mikuTvneba v n assigne(ment),identify/iden-
tification,include/inclusion, label sth
~ramisadmi v n attribute/attribution to…
~saxelis v apply a name/epithet,name after
mikuTvnebuli adj assigned,attributed,belo-
nging to,included in,labeled
milaki n tube
milgayvaniloba n duct, pipe
milebiani adj piped
mileva v ger wane(ing)
mili(s) n adj hose, pipe
~muxli n elbow
~sakanalizacio n sewer
~sawvimari kedelze n (descent) gutter
~wyalsawreti catch-water drain
milisebri adj tubular
milocva v n congratulate(ion) on…
milsadeni(s) n adj pipe-line
~gayvana v n install(ation)(ment)
mimagreba v n (a)fix(ation),attach/fasten to,at-
tachment,fit,peg,pin
mimagrebis xerxi method of fitting
mimagrebuli adj (a)fixed,attached,bonded,fa-
stened,fitted,pegged,pinned
mimavali adj going,marching,walking
mimarTebaSi vinmesTan/ramesTan adv in
respect/with regard to sb/sth,in rela-
tion with sb/sth,in terms of sth
mimarTva v apply/appeal to sb,approach/re-
ach with,address sb,direct,gear towards
~TxovniT make a request,have a favour to
ask sb/sth,appeal, apply
~naSromze refer to
mimarTuleba n asphect,direction,trend
~mxatvruli artistic tendency, trend
~ZiriTadi n foundation courses
mimarTulebiT adv along the course of..,
in the direction of…
mimarTulebis Secvla v turnaround
mimarTuli adj directed toward,focused on
on sth,targeted for
~gareT outward directed/direction, in the dir-
ection of exterior
~erTmaneTisken opposed directed/direction
~zeviT upward directed
~mizanze targeted for
~qveviT downward directed/direction
~Signi inward directed, in the direction of int-
erior
mimbaZvelad adv slavishly
mimbaZveli n imitator
mimdebare adj abutting,adjacent,close/tight fit-
ting,nearby,neighboring,adjoining
mimdevari adj follower,persecutor,persuing
mimdevroba/mimdevrobiTi n adj sequence/
sequential
mimdinare adj current,developing,modern,
passing,present
~viTareba current state of sth
mimdinareoba n course,edifice,path,tenden-
cy,trend
~xelovnebaSi artistic school
mimdinareobisas adv in the course of sth
mimdinareobs v sth is conducted/current,
sth is in progress,sth proceeds/is under-
going
mimzidvelad adv engagingly, attractively
mimzidveli adj anticing,attractive,catching,
catchy,captivating,engaging,invit-
ing,spectacular
~Tema/sakiTxi focus of sth
mimzidveloba n allurement(s),relish
~dakarga v lose appeal
mimino n hawk
mimmarTvli n adj directing,directional
mimndobi adj unsuspecting
mimobneva/mimofantva v strew across
mimobneuli/mimofantuli adj interspers-
ed,scattered,spread about/over,strewn
mimoqceva(ix.fulis) v circulate,flow of sth
in and out,function
mimoqcevaSi adv in circulation/currency
mimomxilveli n observer,reviewer
mimoxilva v n (over)view,review,survey
~mokle n sketch
=naSromi n review,survey

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~sakiTxis overview/review on N problem/ miniaturuli adj diminutive

topic minimaluri adj minimal,minimized
mimoxilviTi adj (over)(re)view article ~raodenoba n horsts
mimsgavsebuli adj likened =sawyisi initial, minimum
mimqrolavi adj running, flying ~codna ~ knowledge
mimRebi n adj recipient, receiver minimum... adv (at a) minimum…
mimxroba v accede to,endorse(ment),flock to minimumamde dayvana v minimize
sb‟s banner minis(ix.mina) adj glass
~vinmeze v rejoin/support sb ~Tla/kveTa v ger cut(ing)
~Tavisken v incline to ~masa/masis n adj molten glass
~rwmenaze v adhere to ~mberavi n blower
mimxrobili adj adherent,satellite ~mkveTeli n glass-cutter
~rwmenas n adherent ~pasta/pastis n adj glass paste
mina(ix.minis) n adj glass ~saberi mili n blow-pipe
~brma blind ~ ~comi(s) n adj paste
~dabinduli/Sebinduli frosted ~ miniseburi(ix.masa) adj glassen, glassy
~vitraJis=feradi stained ~ miniSneba v n cue,facilitate,flag,hint.point,im-
~Tlili cut ~ ply,indicate,prompt,signal
~Txieri molten ~ ~rameze v allude to sth,tend to
~kobaltiani smalt ~ miniWeba v attach,award,confer,impute
~fanjris window pane ~mniSvnelobis v place sth on a par with sth
minabaZi n adaptation,copy,imitation,replica ~uflebis v n entitle(ment)
~ucxo(uri) foreign adaptation ~wodebis(aristokratis) v ennoble
minavleba v mute,perish,smoulder ~ ~ (oficris) v n commission,estate in-
minavlebuli adj muted vestiture
minaduRi(ix.liToni) n adj scum(y) ~xarisxis v give degree of…
minanqari(minanqris/minanqruli) n adj minotavri n minotaur
enamel, glaze mipyroba v n attract(ion)
~masa ~ mass mirTmeva v make a present,present
~tixruli cloisonné (Fr), shippo =Sewirva v offer to, vote
minanqriani adj enamel(ed) =Wama v ger eat(ing)
~nivTebi enamel work mironi(s) n adj chrism
minarevi n additive(s), impurity(ies), mironmdinare adj (a plant) yielding ~
minareTi n minarety mironcxeba v n anoint(ment),anele,bap-
minaSeni n annexe,lean to-construction,lean-to tize,Christene,chrisma,sacring
-shed mironcxebuli adj anointed,aneled,baptiz-
=farduli n apprentice ed,Christened
=fligeli n wing mirqma v cuddele
minaweri n postscript mirCilva v ger solder(ing)
minaZerwi n sticky, stuck mirCiluli adj soldered
mindobiloba n v commission misabaZi adj exemplary
mindor-veli n grassland misabjeni n brace,strut
mindori n lawn,meadow,green misagebeli(ix.migeba) n payment,recompen-
~borcviani tussocky ce
~rveulis/wignis n margin misadageba v n accomode,adapt to,apply,con-
~saTesi n fledging field form(ity)
~faris field of a shield misadagebuli adj sth applicable for sth,ap-
mindorSi adv afield propriate,apt,available,comfortable,
minerali/mineraluri n adj mineral conformist
~resursi ~ resourse(s) misadgomebTan adv on the approaches of…
miniatura n miniature misadgomebi n pl access(es),approach(es)
miniaturisti n miniature-painter ~advili/moxerxebuli easy access(es)

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~gadaketili sealed off ~ ~ ~qalaqi/cixe adj impregnable

~Caketili adj blocked access(es)
~Zneli difficult access(es) miudgomloba n inaccessibility,impenetrability
misadgomi adj access(able) miuTiTebs v argues,alerts,fingers,implies,in-
misamZimreba v offer condolences dicates,points,remarks,signals,sth ar-
misani n magician, sorcerer/sorceress gues/speaks for sth
misasalmebeli adj welcoming ~sapirispiros militates against
misasvleli(ix.misadgomebi) n access miukerZoebeli adj impartial,unbiased
misaqseli n weft, woof miukerZoeblad adv detachedly,without bi-
misaqcieli n bent, turning as/prejudice to sty
misaRebad adv acceptably miukerZoebloba n detachment, impartiality
misaRebi adj acceptable,afficient,appropriate miumagrebeli adj unattached
conciderable,illigible,perceptible,plauci- miumxrobeli adj neutral
ble,preferable,sustainable miumxrobloba n neutrality
misaRwevi adj pursue miuRebeli(ix.yovlad) adj improper,unfa-
misawvdomi adj accessible miliar,unacceptable
~gaxado make sth available miuRebloba n rejection
~gaxda sth became ~ miuwvdomeli adj inaccessible,irreproachable
misawvdomoba n accessibility of/to sth not available,unachievable,unsurpassed,
misaxvedri adj comprehensible unattainable,unavailable,unrivalled
misdevs v adhere,accompany,pursue miqceva v draw
~religias sb practice(s)(ing) a certain religi- miReba(ix.mopoveba) v absorb,accept,acquai-
on nt,admit,adopt,approve,embrace,extract,
~saqmianobas sb carry(s)(ing) out business get,obtain,provide,participate,provide,pe-
rceive,take part in sth,achieve
misvla v arrive, come
~gulTbili give sb a warm welcome/a
misia n mission
cordial reception
misioneri/misioneroba/misioneruli n mi- ~miwebis v acquire territories
ssionary ~monawileobis participate/take part in..,
misnoba n sorcery,practice magic
partake in of..,intake
misteria n mystery ~oficialuri n reception
mistikuri adj mistic ~rezoluciis adopt(carry/pass) a resoluti-
mistikosi n visionary,visionist on
miswrafeba n v aspiration,be keen to do sth,in ~rwmenis v embrace (some) faith
ntention,passion/penchant for,strive for ~sakvebis/wamlisv n consume/consumption
misja v doom, sentence ~formis take the form of sth
~ sasjelis n v inflect(ion) ~cnobis get/glean information from sb/sth
misjili adj doomed, sentenced ~xarisxis v commence the degree
mitana v take,transport miRebis done/zoma degree of acceptance
mitaceba v capture, seize/seizure miRebuli adj absorbed,accepted,acquainted,
mitacebuli adj captured,seized adopted,approved,sth is believed(practiced,
mitoveba v abandone,desert,desolate,depo- widespread),customary,embraced,got,obta-
pulate,devastate,neglect ined,taken in...
~adgilis v retreat from some place ~wesi accepted practice,procurement pattern
mitovebuli adj abandoned,deserted,desol- miRma adv behind, beyond
ated,depopulated,devastated,left to miRmuri adj weired
itself,neglected miRweva v n achieve,acquire(accomplish,adv-
mitra n mitre, mitra (Gr) vance,attain)(ment),achieve,pursue,
mitropoliti n metropolitan reach
mityueba v beckon,lure sb back miRweuli adj achieved,acquired,attained,re-
~eSmakobiT use steakth to lure sb ached
miudgomeli adj inaccessible,approachless, miyeneba/miyrdnoba v lean against
impenetrable miyvana v drive,lead, take

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miyveba(ix.gasdevs,Semosdevs,Semouyveba) ~gadaxrukuli hard baked ~

v accompanies,followes ~damuSavebuli/saxnavi arable ground
~paralelurad runs parallel ~datborili dumping grounds
miyolebiT adv point after point ~daumuSavebeli/mouxnavi untilled ~
miyra v pile ~daweuli sunken ground
miSenebuli adj adjoining (chamber/room) ~vargisi terrain conductive for farming
miSvera v ger aim(ing) ~Tavisufali free land(s)
miSverili adj aimed ~ijariT holding
miCneva v consider,identify(interpret,regard) sth ~kordian-humusiani turf and humus earth
as sth,find sth expedient to do sth,think, ~kordiani turf
be reputed as..,reckon,conceive,ascribe, ~mosavliani/nayofieri fertile ground
deem,refer,perceive ~muSavdeba land under cultivation
~damakmayofileblad find sth satisfactory ~namkali reaped area
~rogorc... consider/perceived sb/sth as… ~nasveni of many years standing fallow
~simarTled take sth for granted ~natkepni rammed earth
miCneuli adj considered,found,identified,re- ~nayari (loose) spoil ~
garded,reputed,suggested,thought ~nayofieri fertile/fecund soil
miCumaTeba v silence
~nacriT ganoyierebuli ash-enriched ~
miCqmalva v draw a veil over sth,overshad-
~nawyalobevi allotment
ow,veil
~nestiani/notio wetland
miCqmaluli adj overshadowed,veiled
~noyieri fertile/mould soil
micvalebulze xorcis mocileba v defle-
~saTemo=saxalxo civic/community land
sh bidy,remove flesh from body
~saufliswulo/samefo crown domain/
micvalebulTa Tayvaniscema v n venerate,
veneration land,royal land(s)
~saxli n a house of the dead ~uvargisi bad(dry,unpromising,useless) soil
~sulebi n sing/pl Lat. numen/numina,numi- ~urwyavi dry-farming land
nous ~uZravi not dug/virgin soil
micvalebuli(ix.ConCxi) n adj corpse,dead, ~yamiri fallow land,fresh soil
deceased,occupant of the tomb ~CamonaSali eroded land
~baliSi=sasTumali n head-stone ~Camowolili dislocated(slid/slipped) land
~gvirgvini n (burial) wreath, herm(s) wminda ~ the Holy Land
~dakrZalva v lie to rest miwad qceuli adj vitrified
~dasveneba gamosaTxovrad lie sb in state miwaTmoqmedeba(ix.samiwaTmoqmedo,sofl-
~dawva v n cremate(ion) is meurneoba) n agriculture,farming,
~ ~ dakrZalvis win v pyre husbandry
~Tavsakravi n mortuary headbands ~guTnuri plough cultivation,tillage farming
~sareceli n bier, couch ~primitiuli primitive farming
micvalebulisTvis Cataneba v accompany ~sarwyavi irrigated ~
by gifts, put ~saxnavi plough agriculture
micvalebuls Catanebuli qonda... body miwaTmoqmedi n agriculturalist,farmer
(is/was) accompanied/conducted with… miwaTmflobeli n land(lady,lord,owner)
miZerwili adj set on miwamxala(si)=Talgamura(si)n/adj swede
miZineba v n repose, pass away miwas mowyvetili adj discrete
= bibl. the Assumption miwasTan gasworeba v demolish,raze to the
miZRvna v n concecrate(ion),devote(dedicate, ground
sacred)to,ordain,present miwayrili(s)(ix.zvinuli) n bulwark
=teqsti n dedication ~wina daqaneba/saxriloba n glacis
~xsovnisadmi concecrate to the memory of miwaSi amoTxrili dug into the earth
sb ~Cadgmuli sunken (below floor)
miwa/miwis(ix,niadagi) n adj earth,ground,la- ~Casmuli sunk into the earth
nd,soil ~Cafluli naxevrad partly sunken
~berwi/unayofo barren/sterile soil miwebeba v stick

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miwera ramisa rameze v ascribe sth to sth procurement

~ramisa vinmeze v assign/attribute sth to sb miwuri n dug-out=dugout,pit house
miweriloba n v precept,prescript(ion) =gomuri pigeon hole
miwvdena xelis v reach up one‟s hand to… naxevrad ~ n adj half sunk into the gro-
miwveva/mowveva v n invite/invitation und,semidugout,semi/subterrarian
~krebis call/invite a meeting miwyoba erTmaneTze v juxtapose
miwieri adj earthly,terrain,worldly miwyobili ~ adj juxtaposed
miwis aTviseba v ger open(ing) miWdobili adj contiguous
~azomva n v survet miWedebuli adj nailed
~aTviseba/gamoyeneba/damuSavebav landuse mixaki(s)(yvavili) n adj carnation
~gayidva/yidva/Cuqebis sabuTi n deed =sakmazi n adj clove
~goroxi/gunda clod(lump,pad) of earth =xe/xis n adj clove-tree
~damuSaveba v n break the soil,cultivate(ion) mixedva v look
finish,tillage,treat(ment) =movla v look after
~zeda adj above ground,overland/ground ~ukan a look back at sb/sth
surface mixedviT(ix.modelis,saxelis,tradiciis)
~zeda fena n topsoil land adv according/adhere to…
~zedapirze adv flush with the ground ~vinmesi after sb
~zedapiri n surface, terrain ~ramisa by shape/site
~Tanamedrove ~ n topsoil land mixvedra(ix.Cawvdoma) v n conceive,compre-
~Txeli fena n sparse topsoil hend,guess,perceive,percept(ion),realize,
~kide zRvasTan/sazRvarTan n tip winnow sth
~masivi n land-mass mixvedriloba n acumen of sb,insight,perce-
~mzomeli n surveyer, topographer ption,penetration
~miReba/SemoerTeba v acquire territory(ies) mixveta(ix.migroveba) v pile,shovel,sweep
~mosworeba v ger level(line,surface)(ing) mixrwnili adj sb in declining years,hoar
~muSa n farmhand mijna(ix.samijne) n border,boundary,limit,
~nakveTi n area,isolated pocket of land,plot margin,mere,limes/limitis (sing/pl Lat)
=margili/qva=samani n landmark
~ ~ nagebobebiT n farmstead
mijnaze adv between the turn of …
~nayofiereba n fertility,fecundity
mijriT(i) adv adj abbuted, close
~samuSaoebi n pl agricultural activities,ear-
mihrakani(ix.Tebervali,surwyunisi) n
thwork
~simcire=survili n land-hunger February
mka v ger reap(ing)
~ufali n master of the earth
mkaTaTve(ix.ivlisi,kvirikobisa,quelTo-
~Cawola v n dislocate(ion)
bai) n July
~wiaRi n bowels of the earth
mkalavi n tinker
~qveS(a) adj subterrarean,underground
mkafio(ix.mkveTrad) adj ample,bold,brilliant,
~ ~ gasasvleli n underpass
clear,highlighring,outstanding,sound,un-
~ ~ ryeva n tremor
ambiguous,valid
miwisqveSeTi(ix.jurRmuli) n cave,under- ~dasturi ample confirmation
world ~magaliTi valid sample
miwisZvra n assumption,eartgquack/shaking,
~mtkicebuleba bold claim(s)
shock
~nimuSi clear pattern
=dartyma n v blow
~niSani sound feature(sign,signal,trace)
~Zlieri adj violent (effect)
mkafiod adv amply,bildly,brilliantly,clearly,
~izomeba ~ measuring… eg 3-4 point on
soundly
Richter scale
~Cans v sth came to the fore,sth figures pro-
miwisZvris gamZle adj earthquake-proof
minently
~Zala n force
mkacrad adv harshly,gravely,strictly,severely
miwodeba v held to,make sth available,pass,
mkacri adj harsh,rigid,severe,strict,tough
submit,supply
mkerdi(s) n adj bosom,breast,chest
~masalis/saqonlis v n provide sb to sth,
~qalis n (female) breast

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 სარჩევი
~win wamoweuli out thrust breast
mkerdsakinZi(ix.sakinZi) n breast fastening,
brooch,clasp
mkvdrediT aRdgoma v n rise,rise again/
from the death
~aRmdgari resurrected
mkveTrad adv brightly,(most)clearly(of all),
definitely,noticeably,obviously,sharply,
distinctly,pronouncedly,steeply,strongly
~gamoyofili adj accentuated,steeply se-
parated
~gamoxatuli niSani pronounced feature
(mark,sign)
~moxazuli sth delin eated/traced in clear-
cut manner
mkveTri adj bold,bright,emphazing,intence,sh-
arp,intence,significant,strident,valid
~gamoTqma firm pronouncement(s) on...
mkvidrad adv solidly,sufficiently
mkvidri(ix.mosaxleoba) adj indigeneous,na-
tive,solid,well-built
=mcxovrebi n husband man,resident,settler
mkvlevari n explorer,investigator,researcher
mkvleli n assassine,killer,murderer
~tiranis n tyrannicide
mkvleloba v n assassine(ation),homicide,
kill,murder
mkvrivi adj compact,dense,solid,tight
mkiTxavi n soothsayer,sorcerer/sorceress
~frinvelebis frenaze n auger
~cxovelis Signeulobaze heruspices
mkiTxaoba n v augery,divination/divining,pra-
ctice magic,sorcery
mkirwylavi n paviour
mklavi(ix.Zvali) n arm.branch,hose
mkodavi(ix.kodva) n cutter, notcher
mkrexeli n blasphemer
mkrexeloba v n blaspheme/blasphemy,sac-
rilege
mkrexelobis Cadena v commit sacrilege
mkrexeluri adj blasphemous,sacrilegious
mkrTali(ix.feri) adj pale
mkurnali(ix.saxalxo) n healer,physician
mkurnaloba v ger n cure,heal(ing),treat
(ment)
mlaSe=mwuTxe adj saline, salty
mlocveli n celebrant,prayer,worshipper
adj interceding,praying,worshipping
mmarTveli(s) n adj governor/governing,offi-
cial,operator,ruler/ruling
~kanonmdebeli n validating ruler
~kuTxis/mxaris n provincial/regional gover-
nor
120
~kulti ruller cult
~faqtiuri n regent
~wreebi rulling elite
mmarTveloba(ix.marTva) v n administer/ad-
ministration,control,govern(ance),regi
ment,rule,run
~erTpirovnuli autocracy,one-man rule
~koleqtiuri joint partnership
~msubuqi rule with light hand
~mZime rule with heavy hand
~rkinis xeliT ironfist rule
~sruli complete control
mmarTvelobiTi adj administrative
mmarTvelobis qveS adv under control/sup-
pervision
~ ~ moqceva v fall under power/rule
~sistema n regim(ent)
mnaTe(ix.eklesia/eklesiis) n sacristan,se-
xton
mnaTlavi n Baptist,Christener
mnaTobi(ix.mefe) n heavenly body
mnaTobis naTeli(ix.wmindanis) n sing/pl
Lat. corona/coronae
mnaxveli(ix.stumari) n visitor
mniSvneloba(ix.sasicocxlo) n implicati
on,importance,meaning,range,signi-
ficance of sth
~gansakuTrebuli singular importance
~gverdiTi/damatebiTi n connotation
~damTariRebeli dating significance
~sawyisi original meaning(importance/sig-
nificance)
~ZiriTadi primary meaning
mniSvnelobiT adv with importance/meaning,
in range
mniSvnelobis daknineba v downplay impor-
tance of sth
~micema v place importance of sth
~ ~ simbolosTvis v embody a symbol
~mqone v sth looms large
~Semcireba v n deteriorate,deterioration
~warmoCena/xazgasma v highlight
mniSvnelovani adj consequential,important,
major,meaningful,notable,noteworthy,no-
teciable,profound,remarkable,significant,
sunstantial,prime,striking,crusial,momen-
tous,focal point,marked,fundamental,showy
mniSvnelovanwilad adv substantially,to a
great extent
mniSvnelovnad adv considerably,importantly,
noticeably,strikingly,substantiallly
moazreba v associate as… think out
moazrovne n thinker
 სარჩევი

~saRad adj generous-minded ~cocxlobs... memory lives on…

moalva v ger scorch(ing) mogonebaRa darCa... sth became but memory
moambe=macne n herald,messenger mogonebebi n pl memories,recollections,re-
=samecn.gamocema n bulletin, chronicle minicences
moaswavebs(ix.momaswavebeli) v foreruns, mogonili adj fabulous,fiction,imaginary
foreshadows mogrexa v ger bend(ing)
moaRwia(ix.Cvenamde) v reached mogroveba v n ger collect(ion),compile,foc-
moaxle n maid us,gather(ing),pile,build up on sth,make-
moajiri n balustrade up,agglomerate/agglomeration
~kibis n pl usu banisters mogrovili adj collected compiled,gathered,
mobaTqaSeba v ger coat/plaster(ing) agglomerated,madeup,piled
mobaTqaSebuli adj coated, plastered mogrZo adj elongated,oblong
mobeltva(ix,belti) v turf moda n fashion,mode
mobibine=moelvare adj iridescent modaSi(a)/moduri adj be in fashion/mode,
mobrecili adj skew fashionable,stylish
mobruneba v ger turn(ing) ~Semosvla v come into vogue
mogeba(ix.gamarjveba) v get profit; n avail, modgma n breed,tribe; genus/genera (n sing/
benefits,interest,profit,spoils pl Lat)
=dageba/mofena v cover,face,floor,pave,surfa modebuli(ix.gavrcelebuli) adj extend-
ce ed/extending,spanning
~kenWebiT shingly pavement modeli(s) n adj mode(l),pattern
~morebiT wood ~ ~mixedviT follow(ing) N model
mogebiT=momgebianad adv at a profit modernizmi n modernity
mogerieba v drive back modidan gasvla v go out of fashion,outdat-
~Setevis v fend off, repuls ed.outmode,unfashionable
mogvagonebs v sth is reminiscent of sth from modis v descends(extending,stems) from sth
(certain period/place),sth reminds sb/ modreka v ger bend(ing)
sth,recalls,resembles ~Tavis v bow,make obeisance
mogvare n namesake ~sulieri n adj depression,depressed
mogvareba v establish,fix,organize,settle,(re)- modurad adj in the height of fashion
solve sth moduri(ix.modaSia) adj fashionable,modish
~SesaZlebelia sth can be solved/is solvab- moedani n area,esplanade,landing,platform,
le square
~Znelia sth is difficult to establish/fix ~bazris market place
mogvarebuli adj organized,(re)solved,set- ~dartymis striking platform
tled ~samSeneblo building area/site
mogvepoveba v have (got) moevlina v sb/sth appeared/made an appe-
mogvTa misvla iesos sanaxavad 6 ianvars arance
n Epiphany, Magnificat moelvare adj iridescent
mogvebis mosvla(ix.naTlisReba) Epiphany movale(valis amRebi) n debtor
mogvi n sing/pl Lat. magus/magi movaleoba v charge,duty,responsibility,onus,
mogvianebiT adv later on,eventually,subsequ- task
ently movarayebuli adj glossy, plated
mogviano adj hense,later,subsequent movercxvla v foil,silver
~periodi later period ~Sida inner silver-plate
mogviTxrobs(teqsti) (text) runs as followes movercxlili adj silvered
mogzauri n adj traveler, traveling movla v look after,nurse,run by,take care
mogzauroba v n journey,tour(about),travel, =daTvaliereba v n visit(ation)
trip =patronoba v n maintain/maintenance
mogluveba v even, smooth movlena n affair,episode,event,evidence,ins-
mogoneba v memory,recall,recollect,remind,re- tance,matter,occasion,phenomenon/
member,reminesce phenomena n sing/pl Lat.

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 სარჩევი

=gamoCena=movlineba v n appear(ance) moTokva v n humble,hurness

=didi(dasamaxsovrebeli/RirsSesaniSna-
vi) momentous happening(s)
=movlineba (bibl) n Advent
~mTavari key event
~Cveuli inherent episode/event
movlenaTa azri/arsi implication of events
~ganviTareba proceed(ing) of events
movlenebi n pl developments
~bunebrivi n pl natural elements
movlenebiT savse adj eventful
movlineba n v descent
movleniT aRiniSna v highlight by sth
mozaika/mozaikis n adj mosaic(s),tessalated
~kenWebis pebble mosaic
mozaikiT dafaruli/mogebuli inlayed
with mosaic,installed,mosaiced.tesselated
~mogeba/mofena v n install(ation)
mozaikis dageba/mogeba v n inlay,install
(ation)
~kenWi n sing/pl Lat. tessera/tesserae
~ostati n mosaic maker, mosaisist
~teqnika tessera technique
mozaikur(i) adj mosaic, tessellated
~lenturi adj Lat. opus vermiculatum
~Sedgenili adj sectile
mozardi n adj immature,juvenile,teenag-
er,youth/girl,subadult age
mozveri n ox
~dakodili n steer
mozidva(moizido) v ger bring(ing)
mozomva v (make) measure(ment)(s)
~miwaze v mark out
mozomili adj measured,tempered
mozrdili(ix.adamiani) adj sth good sized/
sizeable
moTavseba v n dispose/disposal,house(v),mo-
unt,logistic/place(ment) within,acco-
modate,position,insert,situate
~gverdiT v adj flank(ed)(ing)
moTavsebuli adj disposed,housed,mounted
placed on(upon,within),situated
moTaTbireba v n consult(ation) with sb
moTelva(matylis) v felt
moTelili(Sali) adj felted
moTviniereba/moTvinierebuli v adj tam-
e(d)
moTiTbrva/moTiTbruli(ix.TiTberi) v
adj brass(ed)
moTmena v bear,endure,tolerate,tolerance(n)
moTmineba n patience
moTminebiT adv with patience,patiently
moTqma v n screech
moTxova v n argue,ask,demand,request
moTxovna v n call/demand for,challenge,cla-
im,contend,postulate,require(ment)(s),
requisition
moTxovnebi n pl call for,demands,objectives,
requirements,sth desired
moTxovnebis Sesabamisad adv under con-
ditions(needs,requirements)
moTxovnileba n v dearth,need for,necessit-
ate,demand
moTxovnilebaTa gaTvaliswineba v meet
needs/requirements for sth
~dakmayofileba v satisfy needs/requireme-
nts for sth,accommodate needs
moTxroba n story
moiazreba v sth is associated with sth
moiTvlis v number
moiTxovs v cries out for..,demands,implies
sth,is intended/required,requires,seeks to..
moimata v enlarged, increased
moimka/moimko Sedegi sb reap(ed) benefit
of sth
moimoqmedo v do sth
moipoveba sth is provided at/in
moicavs v comprise,compile,cover,contain,in-
clude,incorporate,embrace,network,in-
volve,accommodate,harbour
~mTel cikls v comprehend
~ramdenime rames v constitute
~sivrces v cover an area
=swvdeba v embrace, span
~teritorias v encompase
~farTod sth largely comprises sth
moixsenieba(ix.moxsenieba,saxeli,xseneba)
v sth (is) mentioned by/in
~mravalnairad sth is mentioned under vari-
ous forms
moijare n tenant
mokavSire n v ally, alied,alien
mokazmva v n decorate/decoration
~sarkeSi v ger preen(ing)/tide(ing) oneself
mokalva v ger tin(ing)
mokamaTe n contestant
mokauWebuli adj beaked, hooked
mokecva v bend,curve,fold
mokecili adj bent,curved,folded
~TiTebi clenched hand
mokvdavi(ix.ubralo) n adj mortal
mokvdineba v slay
mokvdinebuli adj assassinated,commissi-
oed by,slain

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mokveTa v cut away,pierce ~urTierT mutually benefitial

mokvla v assassinate,kill,mortify,murder momdevno adj sb/sth following after sb/sth,fur-
mokvleva v n survey ther,succeeding,successive,subsequent,
mokiTxva v enquire=inquire,convey,greetings sth following sth
send one‟s greetings,give sb sb‟s best/ ~Taobebi n descendant
kind regards to sb,remember sb to sb ~mxare contiguous side
mokirwyvla v ger brick(ing),cobble,pave(ing) ~nivTi/sagani consecutive
mokirwyluli adj brick(cobble,paveslab)(ed) ~ufro gviani adj succeeding,subsequent
mokle adj brief,concise,short,minute,stubby, ~weli subsequent year/period
succinct momdinare(a) adv adj sth coming from…
~droSi adv briefly momdinareobs v coming/deriving from, sth is
moklebuli rasme sb/sth devoit of sth,la- current/originated,originating from sth/
cking sth somewhere,sth is provided by sb,sth
mokled adv briefly,in short/sum,shortly stamps from…
moklematyliani adj short haired/wool mometebulad adv increasingly
mokletariani adj short handled mometebuli adj added,increase(d)(ing)
mokluli adj assassinated,killed momzadeba v n arrange(ment)(s),get ready,
mokrZaleba n homage,reverence organize(ation),prepare(ation)(s)
mokrZalebuli adj unpretentious =gawrTvna raime saqmianobisTvis v gro-
mokrZalebulad adv shyly,simply,timidly, om for (certain) career
unpretentiously momzadebuli adj arranged,organized,prepar-
mokrZalebuli adj humble, moderate,mod- ed
est,simple,timid momTabare n adj nomad(ic)(al)
mokupvra v ger tar(ing) momTabaris damkvidreba sacxovreblad
molaparakeba(ni) v n negotiate(ion)(s),hold v sag,sink
talk(s),treaty momTmeni(ix.Semwynarebeli) adj patient
molaparakebis warmarTva n confer mominanqreba v enamel
molesili adj clay-lined,coated,plastered mominanqrebuli adj enameled
molivlive adj iridisent,soaring momijnave adj adjacent,abutted
molodini v n ger anticipate(ion),expect(ati- momlodine adj v contemplating
on)(s),prospect,wait(ing)for… momlocveli n pilgrim
moluski(s) n clam sastumto n pilgrim rooms
~kibos msgsvsi n shellfish mommaragebeli n supplier
~niJara n cockle shell momnusxavi adj enchanting
momavali adj future,further,prospective momoqmedeba v effect
uaxloesi ~ immediate/near future momrgvaleba v make sty round
momavalSi adv at a future date, in future momrgvalebuli adj rounded
uaxloes ~ in immediate/near future ~kargad adj well-rounded
momavlis imediT/momavlisken yureba momrgvalo adj rounded a little
look ahead to the future momrigebeli n arbiter/arbitrator,go between
~saqmea... sth lies in the future man,mediator
momakvdinebeli(ix.codva) adj deadly,mortal momqmedi adj (acting) currently,active,valid
the pallor if death ~gmiri/piri character,dramatic personal
momarageba v n cater,feed,furnish,fund,provi- momSvilduli adj bow-shaped
de,provision,stock,store,supply,acco- momCivani n pretender
modate momcveli adj covering,incorporating,involve
momaswavebeli adj diagnostic,forerunner,fo- (ing) all of sth,comprising,embracing
reshadowing,signaling momwamvleli adj poisonous
momateba v add,enlarge,extend,increase momwvari adj annealed
momatebuli adj added,enlarged,extended,in- momwifeba v ger age/season(ing),maturate
creased momwifebuli adj matured, seasoned
momgebiani adj available,expedient,gainful, momwyvdeva v drive in,enclose,pen,trap
profitable

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momwyvdeuli adj driven in,enclosed,penned, ~raodenoba n body of data

trapped ~fiz/qim. n pl readings eg. C14
momwyobi n organizer monacemi n (sing/pl Lat) datum/data,informati-
momxdari adj sth ensued on,record
momxduri n enemy,rival monacvleobiT adv sth proceeding byturns/
momxiblaviadj attractive,captivating,engaging taken in turn
momxmarebeli n buyer,consumer,user monawile n actor,figurant,part of,participant
momxre n adherent,ally,allied/allying,loyalist, monawileoba v n assist(ance),figure in,inter-
pro..,supporter vent,partake,participate(ion),play/take
~raime rwmenis n adj adherent part in sth
momxsenebeli n speaker monaxazi(ix.winaswari) n (out)line
mona(ix,monoba) n servant,slave ~mokle n outline, rough draft
~Tavisufali n freedman ~naSromis draft, sketch
~morCili(Tqveni) your obedient servant… mondomeba=survili v be keen on sth,want
~sataZro n hierodul mondomebuli adj keen to do/on doing sth
monad gayidva v sell into slavery monebiT vaWroba slavery business
monadire n hunter moneta(ix.samoneto,fuli) n coin
~Semgrovebeli n hunter-gatherer ~avtonomiuri autonomous ~
monazoni n nun,votaress ~bilonuri=xurda billon ~
monaTesave adj akin,cognate with sb,related, ~gacveTili trite ~
relative ~dawunebuli pattern ~
~sisxliT adj akin, cognate ~eleqtrumis electrum ~
~kultura/suli kindered culture/spirit ~zodi bar/ingot ~
monaTvla v ger Baptise/Christene(ing) ~minabaZi imitative ~
~wyalSi v n immerse/immersion ~miZRvnili donative ~
monaTxrobi n adj narration, narrated ~mxatvruli decorative ~
monakveTi n length, passage ~samaxsovro memorial ~
monamtvrevi adj clastic ~samajuri bracelet ~
monanie adj repentant ~samefo royal ~
monanieba v n confess(ion),repent(ance) for… ~srulfasovani full-value ~
monapovari n evidence,find/offering(s),gain, ~suberatiuli suberative ~
common heritage of sth ~sxivana gvirgviniT adiate ~
~mwiri meager/scant evidence ~Sesawiri votive ~
~savele field evidence ~Cazneqili bent inwards ~
~uxvi strands of ~ ~calmxrivi one-sided ~
monapovris Seswavla v harness the ~ ~cru avtonomiuri pseudo autonomous~
monasmi n dub, stroke monetaSi liTonis masa bulk of gold(sil-
Tavisufali ~ easy ~ ~ ver…)
monasteri(ix.eklesia,savane,samonastro) monetaruli/samoneto adj coinage,monetary
n cloister,monastery; monasterium/ winare ~ adj pre-monetary
monasterii (n sing/pl Gr) monetis gamoyeneba n v coinage
dedaTa ~ n convent ~gamosaxuleba/warwera waSlili adj
=kaTedrali n chapter(house) effaced
~mcire/patara n cell ~gamoSveba v n issue, pass current
monastruli adj monastic ~ganZi n hoard, treasure
monatreba v long sb, miss ~gacvlis kursi rate
~samSoblosi v n homesick(ness) ~zurgi n pile, reverse
monacemebi(s) n pl (body of)data,facts,gro- ~kanoniT daSvebuli sinjis/wonis dak
unds leba n remedium
~damTxveva v n adj coincide,coincidence,co- ~kverva ger coin-stamping
incident ~kide n tail; lituus/lituii (sing/pl Lat)
~mcire/Wreli patchiness of evidence ~liToni n coin metal

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~moWra v ger coinage, mint(ing) ~xelaxla v regain

~moWris gadasadi n mint duty mopovebuli saqonlis raodenoba n casts
~ ~ teqnika n coin mint technique morgeba v n accommodate/adapt(ation)(ing),
~mWreli=zarafi n caulker,coiner,minter adjust(ment),fit,match,rejoin,true out
~nominali n face value,nominalis/nomi- morgebulad adv aptly,fitting(ly)
nale (n sing/pl Lat) morgebuli adj afficient,apt,fitted/fitting,ge-
~raodenoba gansazRvruli wonis li- ared,matched,suited,adhere
Tonisagan n coin heap/pile morgvi n skein
~regalia n ~ regalia =meTunis Carxi n potter‟s wheel
~rkali=CarCo n tail mordari(ix.samefo) n a keeper of the State/
~tipi n coin type Great Seal
~Rirebuleba n ~ domination morevi n vortex
~ ~ dabali ~ of small ~ morTva v adorn,decorate,dress,embellish,
~ ~ maRali ~ of high ~ emboss,intersperse sth with sth,orna-
~Subli=piri n heads, obverse ment,garnish,spruce
~CarCo n tail ~figurebiT v figure
~waSlili gamosaxuleba/warwera effac- ~xelaxla v n redecorate/decoration
ed coin morTuli adj adorne(decorate,dress,embeli-
~wibo n plane, ridge, verge sh,emboss,ornament,garnish)(ed)
moniSvna v ger n designate(ion),label,mark morTuloba n appeal,attire,decoration,embe-
(note,trace)(ing) lishment,ornamentation
moniSnuli adj appointed ~adamianis n adornment
monoba v n bondage,dept slavery,slaving ~gare exterior decoration
monobaSi adv in bondage ~liTonze/liTonis v n embosse(ment)
monobis gauqmeba v n abolish, abolition ~nivTis n embellishment,decoration
monograma n monogram ~Sida interior decoration
monoliTi/monoliTuri n adj monolithic ~Zunwi humble/modest ~
monofiziti n adj monophysit=monophysis ~xuroTmoZRvruli architectural ~
monumenturi adj monumental mori n beam,block,felling,log,round billet/timb-
monumenturoba n monumental(ity) er,stake,thick wood
monurad adv slavishly morigeba=garigeba n agreement, treaty
monusxva(ix.gaTvalva) v n bewitch,cast a morideba v aschew, beware sth
magic spell over sb/sth,divine(ation),ench- morkalva v arch
ant morkaluli adj arched/arching bow-shaped
mooqroveba v gild,foil,gold-plate ~piri(mag.danis) arched blade
~Sida inner gold-plate(d) moryeva/moryeuli v adj shake(n)
mooqrovili adj gilded,dilt,gold-plated morCi n nodule,offshoot
mooWva v enlay/furnish with,stud morCilad adv obediently
mooWvili adj enlaid/furnished with,studded morCileba n v loyalty,obey/obedience,make
mopirdapire mxare(vinme) n counterpart obeisance,serve,submission to sb
mopirva v ger sharpen(ing) morCilebaSi yola v bring sb into submiss-
mopirkeTeba v ger n brick(dress,face,finish, ion
line,pave,rivet)(ing),pavement,rivetment morCili adj loyal,obedient,sb in sb‟s power,
mopirkeTebuli adj brick(dress,face,line,pa- be under sb
ve,rivet)(ed) morwmune n adj believer,faithful,pious
mopkureba v besprinkle,pour,spill,sprinkle morwmuneoba n faithfulness,piety,religiousness
mopoveba v n achieve/acquire(ment),attain,co- morwyva(ix.arxi) v n irrigate/irrigation
nquest,earn,extract,gain,get,obtain,output, mosagonari n rememberance,reminder
quarry,procure(ment),retrieve/retrival,scoop, mosagonrad adv in rememberance of sb/sth
win,work out memorials held for sb
~miwis qveS v ger mine/mining vinmes ~ in (loving) memory
~sabuTis/cnobis v gain ground,glean mosavali n crops, harvest

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~kargi good crop ~erTmaneTs sth is successive

~mcire low yield ~yvela danarCeni all else followes
~uxvi bumper crop mosevadeba(ix.sevada) v ger blue(burnish,
~cudi bad yield enamel,nieloe)(ing)
~wlis n sing/pl Lat. annona/annonae mosevadebuli adj blue(blue,burnish,enam-
misavliani adj fertile (ground) el,nieloe)(ed)
mosavlianoba n productivity mosvla v n ger arrive/arrival,come(ing)
mosavlis aReba v ger harvest(ing) meored ~ second coming
~moyvana v ger grow(ing) ~drois/xalxis v n arrive, arrival
mosazreba n argument,assumption,concept mosilva v ger silt(ing)
(ion),consideration,idea,interpretation, mosiluli adj silted
judgement,opinion,point of view/view mosinjva v n ger examine/explore(ation),
(point),reflection,statement,theory sound(ing),try/trial
mosazRvre adj adjacent,adjoin(ing),border(ing mosirmuli adj gold/silver-woven
on area,coterminous mospoba v n collapse,extinguish,march upon,
mosaTmeni adj bearable,tolerable obliterate(ion),remove/removal
mosalodneli adj anticipated,expectable,pre- mosriale(caze/wyalze) adj floating
dictable,prospective,suspectable mosuli(mteri/xalxi) n intruder
mosalodneloba n probability mosufTaveba v clean out/up, wipe
mosamzadebeli adj preparatory,preliminary moswavle(ix.qristesi) n pupil/student;
~periodi the level of effort alumna/alumnae (sing/pl Lat)
~samuSao arrangements,spade-work mosworeba v ger level(line,surface)(ing)
mosapirkeTebeli adj facing mosworebuli adj level(line,surface)(ed)
mosarTavi(ix.cxenis) n lackle,trinket motana v bring in from… fetch,transport
mosarkuli adj smooth motanili adj brought in from… fetched,
mosasxami n cloack,garment,topcoat transported
~bewvis n stole motaceba v abduct,capture,kidnap
=samefo porfiri n mantle motexva v break away
mosaxerxebeli adj convenient,suitable motexili adj broken away
mosaxvevi(ix.gzis) n scarf motexiloba n ger break(ing)
mosaxle(ix.mcxovrebi) n settler motivi n motive(ation), theme
~mkvidri n husband man, native settler ~mTavari/wamyvani n key-pattern
mosaxleoba n population motivtive adj floating
~axalmosuli n newcomer(s) motiral(n)(i) n adj mourner(s),mourning
~damjdari sedentary motyueba v cheat,deceive,impose,jokey
~mkvidri native people motyuebuli adj deceived
~mosuli alien ~ mougvarebeli adj unresolved
~mWidro dense population, overcrowd(ed) moudrekavi(sulierad) adj unshakable
~soflis parish, villagers mouvleli adj unkempt,untidy,neglected
~qveSevrdomi subject population mouvlina... v inflict sth on sb (eg evil)
~Sereuli/Wreli heterogeneous/mixed mouTvinierebeli adj untamed
population mouTmeneli adj impatience
~Warbi overpopulation/populated mouTmenlad adv impatiently
mosaxleobis raodenoba size of population mouTokavi adj indomitable spirit
~raodenoba/sixSire (high) density of ~ moulodnelad adv all of a sudden,suddenly
~Sereva demic diffusion moulodneli adj abrupt,intrusive,sudden,un-
mosaxleobisgan gawmenda v n devastate expected,unsuspected
(ion) ~gamoCena v fleeting/make appearance,come
mosaxseneblad micvalebulis(ix,sakur- into existence,turn up
sakurTxi,sulis...) drink/pray in remem- ~wawydoma v encounter
berance of the seceased moulodneloba n suddenness,uexpected-
mosdevs v sth followes sth,sth is followed by ness

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moumzadebeli adj not ready moqnili adj flexible,tempered

moumzadeblad adv abruptly moqniloba n facility,flexibility,plasticity
moumwifebeli adj immature moqceva(ix.zRvis) v n behave,behaviour
mouravi n district/region chief ~ramisa rameSi v accommodate,place sth
mouqneli adj awkward,clumsy,hard,rigid, into sth
stiff ~CrdilSi v shade
mouqneloba n awkwardness,clumsiness, moqcevaÁ v n convert/conversion to faith
heaviness,hardness,rigidness,stiffness moqceuli adj converted
mouxelTebeli adj indomitable moRalate n adj perfidious,traitor,treacherous
mouxerxebeli adj awkward,inconvenient, moRalaturad/moRalaturi adv adj dece-
undue,unsuitable atfully/deceatful
mouxerxebloba n disadvantage,inconve- moRvawe(ix.saxelmwifo) Honored sb
nience(n/v) ~TvalsaCino eminent figure/sb
mouxeSavi adj cumbersome ~sazogado public figure/man
mouxsenebloba v ger not mention(ing), moRvaweoba n activity(es),preoccupation
omit(ing) ~didi adamianis v flourish
mofareba v hide,shelter from,shield =cxovreba n affairs,life
=ukan gaweva v overshadow moRvaweobis sfero n (in the)realm of…
mofarebuli adj hidden,obscure,sheltered moRobili adj n enclosed,enclosure,fenced
from… moRoniereba v n ger inhance(ment), streng-
mofarcxva v ger harrow(ing) then(ing)
mofena v cover,face,floor,pave moRorRva v cover with ballast
~naTelis v cast(shed,throw) light on/up- moRunva v bend,curve
on,clarify,highlightsth,make sth clear moRweuli(ix.Cvenamde) adj sth (remained)
~naTlis v bless,consecrate,saint,sanctify extant
mofenili(ix.mogebuli) adj cover(face,flo- moyvana v bring/transport sb
or,pave)(ed) moyvaruli n adj amateur,lover/loving
mofilaqneba v n pave(ment) moyvasi(s) n neighbour
mofiqrali adj thinking,thinker ~siyvaruli love of ~
mofiqreba v develop an idea,elaborate,spe- moyinva/moyinuli v adj freeze/frozen,ice/icy
culate,think about.after,reason moyola=mboba v narrate,pour out,retell
mofiqrebuli adj thought about/after moyra ramisa rameze v sprinkle
mofriale adj floating moSandakeba(ix.kenWebiT) v ger level(ing)
mofxeka v scrape moSvelieba(paralelis) v cite examples/
moqanave=kiduli adj pendulous,tottering parallels
moqandake(kaci/qali) n sculptor(ess) moSvilduli adj arched,bow-shaped
moqancva v exhaust,override,tire out moSinaureba v n ger domesticate(ion),tame
moqanculi adj exhausted,tired out (ing)
moqargva/moqarguli v adj embroider(ed) moSinaurebuli adj domestic(ated)
moqiravne n adj hireling moSla v n disrupt(ion),erase,remove/removal
moqloni(s) n v adj rivet moSoreba(ix.Tavidan,niSnis) v dismantle,
~Tavi head/top of ~ discard,remove/removal,wipe
~moSoreba v ger rerivet(ing) moSorebuli(ix.Sori) adj removed,taken
~naxvreti n rivet hafting/hole away
moqmedeba v n act,activity(es),afoot to,function, moSurne(ix.Suriani) n adj envy,envious
operate,interplay moSuSeba v ger heal(ing)
~saomari military operation(s) moCarCoeba v border,case,edge,frame
~sapasuxo v n react(ion) moCarCoebuli adj bordered,cased,edged,
~Sewyda v sth ceased to function framed
moqmedebaSi adv be in operation moCveneba n ghost,mirage, pretend (v)
moqmedi adj acting,active,current,efficient,va- moCvenebiTad adv unsubstantially
lid(still),vigorous moCvenebiTi adj alleged,apparent,elusive,ep-

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hemeral,mirage,specious,unsubstan- keep sth in order,handle sth,rectify,

tial,visionery,weired spurse, stabilize(ation)
moCvenebiToba n elusiveness,visibility ~urTierTobebis establish relations
moCiTuli(ix.CiTva) adj printed mowesrigebuli adj discipline(establish,
moCuqurTmeba v ger curve(ing) stabilize(ed),kept in order,rectified
moCxubari adj fighting mowesrigebuloba n accuracy
mocaleoba(mocla/mocliloba) n in one‟s mowva v anneal
spare time,at leisure,leisure(time) ~medicinaSi cautery
mocemuli adj given, offered,present mowveva v n convoke,essemble,invite/invita
mocva(mag.sakiTxis) v embrace tion,summon
mocvarva v n granulate/granulation mowvna(ix.mownuli) v plait
mocvi(s) n adj billberry(blueberry/whimberry), mowinaaRmdege n v adj sb competing sb,
Vaccinium mirtillus Lat. con(tra) sb,counter..,opponent,rival,in-
mocile n rival surgent
mocileba=mocla v clean,discard,remove, mowinave adj n advanced,leader/leading
wipe mowinwkvla v splash
mociqulTa swori(ix.wigni) adj coequal mowifuli(ix.ostati) adj adult,advanced,
mociquli(ix.Suamavali) n apostle,disciple mature
Tormeti ~ The Twelve mowiweba n v awe
moculoba n bulk,capacity,volume mowme(ix.TviTmxilveli) n v witness
~naSromis length of paper mowmoba n v certificate
moculobiTi adj solid,space,by volume,volu- mownuli adj basketry,cane,wattle,wicker
metric (work)
mocxari(s) n adj currant(bush), Ribes ssp mowodeba v n call on sb (to do sth),proclaim/
~Savi n adj black ~ Ribes nigrum Lat. proclamation,provide
~wiTeli n adj red ~ Ribes rubrum Lat. mowoneba v n be keener on sth,favour,gain fa-
moZalade n offender vor,like,please
moZaleba=raodenobis mateba v ger add/ mowyaleba n benefaction,charity,clemency,fa-
increase(ing) vour,grace,mercy
moZebna=moZieba v adduce,look/seek for ~ RvTisa (by the) grace of God
moZvelebuli adj antiquated,obsolete mowyalebav(Tqveno) your Grace!
moZravi adj mobile,movable,migratory,port- mowyale(d) adj adv gracious(ly)
able mowyvladi adj vulnerable
moZraoba v n circulate/navigate(ion),gesture mowyoba v administer,arrange,make,organize,
motion,move(ment) repair,run sth,set up
~ramisken v ger inch(ing),itch(ing) ~ xelaxla v n re-establish(ment)
moZRvari n clergyman,pastor,priest mowyobili adj arranged,organized,run
=aRmzrdeli n master,mentor,metre,tutor mowyobiloba n arrangement,device,equi-
ezoÁs moZRvari Father procurator/procu- pment(s),facilities,fitment(s),gear,outfit,
ratoris (n sing/pl Gr) tackle
~sulieri n confessor mowyurebulad adv insatiably
moZRvreba n conception,doctrine,teaching(s) mowyurebuli(ix.saqmes) adj insatiable,thirsty
moZRvroba n tutorship ~swavlas adj acquisitive,mind(ed)
mowadinebuli adj anxious,keen to do/on mowyurebuloba n insatiability
doing moWedva(ix.lursmnebiT) v ger bind(ham-
mowamvla=sawamlavi v n infect,poison mer,hoop)(ing)
mowame n martyr moWediloba(ix.xatis) n mantle
pirvel ~ proto martyr moWera v n squeeze, tighten
mowafe(ix.moswavle) n pupil,student moWerilad adv tightly
mowernaqeba(ix.wernaqi) v angobe/angoba- moWerili adv tight
ge,dip in(to) a slip,raddle=ruddle moWiquli adj glazed
mowesrigeba v n adjust(ment),discipline,get/ moWra(ix.medlis,monetis) v cut away
moWyleta v squeeze

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moxazva v delineate,mark,outline,trace mraval... pref many… multy… poly…

moxazuloba n circuit of,configuration,conto- ~kuTxa/kuTxedi adj polygonal
tour,deliniation,lay out,outline,shape,tracing ~mxrivi adj versatile
moxalise n amateur, volunteer ~oTaxiani adj multyroomed
moxarke n tributary ~Jamier n adv Polychronion (Gr)
moxarul(n)i var(T) (we) appriciate… ~saTavsoiani adj multychambered
moxatva/moxatuloba v n paint(ing) ~saukunovani adj centuries old
~xelaxla v ger repaint(ing) ~safexuriani adj many/multy staged
moxatuli(ix.SeRebili) adj painted ~saxeoba n diversity/variety of shapes
moxdena v happen,take place,turn up ~saxovani adj many sided/shaped
moxdenilad adv aptly,engagingly,fittied/ ~sxiva adj many beamed
fittingly,gracefully ~feniani adj multy-layer
moxdenili adv graceful ~feri adj fency,many colored,multiply
moxdeniloba n elegance,grace colors,polychrome
moxele n clerk,official,officer ~ferovani adj diverse,diversified,varied,
moxerxebuli adj apt,comfortable,conve- bevildering,variegated,variety,various
nient,efficient,prompt,quiver ~ferovneba n diversity/variety of sth,mix-
moxerxebuloba n convenience,facility ed character of sth,complexity
moxetiale adj fugitive,nomadic, wandering ~fexiani adj polypod
moxveWa(ix.saxelis) v gain, win ~figuriani adj many-figured
moxibvla(ix.mojadoeba) v allure,bewitch, ~foTliani/furcliani adj multy-pet-
conjure up,impress alled
~silamaziT/WkuiT v captivate ~friziani adj multyfrieze
moxilva(ix.Zeglebis) v n explore(ation), ~RmerTianoba n polytheism
survey ~Sriani adj manylayered
moxmara=moxmareba v n consume/consumpt- ~ZarRva(si) n adj plaintain,Plantago lan-
ion,employ(ment),exploit(ation),help,use ceolata Lat.
moxmoba v call ~ZarRviani adj multiple
~sabuTis v n adduce(ment),refer(ence) ~waxnaga adj manysided,multy-facet,poly-
moxra v bend,curve,flex,warp hedral/polyhedron
moxreSva v n gravel ~wveriani adj multy-pointed
moxrili(ix.adamiani) adj bent,warped ~wliani adj sth lasting/standing (for) ma-
moxseneba v n account, inform(ation), report ny years
=sityva n speech ~jer adv for many times
=sityviT gamosvla give ~ to sb mravlad adv abundantly
moxsenieba v n commemorate(ion),mention/m mravlismetyveli adj eloquent
make a mention(ing), note mravlismomswre(a)sty holds more of (N...X
~naSromSi v n refer(ence) to sb centuries) history
~raime saxeliT note sb/sth under N name mrboli=mqroli adj flying, running
moxsna=moxda v dismantle,take off,uncover mrgval-brtyeli adj lentiform,lentoid
moxucebuloba n old age,declining years mrgvalad adv in round
moxuci n adj aged sb,aged,old mrgvali(ix.firfita) adj circular,round(ed)
~Rrmad adj elderly ~guli (samosze) round neck
moxSireba v frequenting mrevli n congregation,flock,fold,the parish
mojadoeba(ix.moxibvla) v n bedevil,bewitch mrevlis gaZRola v take up parish duties
conjure up,enchant,witch(craft),wizard(ry) ~wevri n layman/woman
mojadoebuli(ix.wre) adj bewitch/enchant mrewveli n manufacturer
(ed),conjured up mrewveloba v industry, manufacture
mpyrobeli n possessor, sovereign mrisxane adj fearsome,irate,severe,stern
mJava n acid(acidification,acidify,acidity) mrisxaneba n rage, severeness
mJave adj acid, sour mrokavi adj dancing
mJauna(si) n adj sorrel=Rumax acetosa (Lat) mrudi adj curve, oblique,stud

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mrudxzovani adj curviliniar mtkice(ix.sabuTi) adj firm,enduring,reliable,

mrCeveli n advisor,consultant,councellor resolute,secure,sound,sturdy,substantial,
mrwamsi n the Creed tenacious,unshaken
msazRvreli n modifier mtkiceba v argue,claim as,contendsth,posit,
msaxureba v n serve, service prove,state
msaxureuli didebulni service class ~xelaxla v n restate(ment)
msaxurTuxucesi n butler mtkicebuleba n claim,evidence,proof,state-
msaxuri n servant/maid ment,testimony
msajuli n judge tkiced adv allegedly,be adhered to,firmly,
msgavsad... adv correspondingly,like(wise) resolutely,staunchly,strongly
sb/sth,after sb, (sth) in an echo to sth mtredi n dove
msgavseba n affinity,correspondence,equality, mtroba(ix.memkvidreobiTi) n v enmity,
identity,likeness to,likelyhood,parallelism, hostility,rival(ry)
resemblance,sameness,similarity, ties mtrulad/mtruli adv adj envious(ly),host-
msgavsi adj counterpart,equivalent to,identi- ile
cal,homogeneous,near,related,sth resem- muguzali n brand,coal of fire,charred wood
bling sth,similar,sth bears similarities to sth mudara v entreat,plead
msgavsni adj the like mudmiv adv always,in perpetuity
msubuqad adv lightly; mudmiva n continuum
msubuqi adj insubstantial,light,not heavy mudmivad adv constantly,continuously,curre-
msurveli n applicant ntly,ever,invariably,regularly,steadily,
msuqani adj ample body,stout without break
msxverpli n prey,sacrifice,toll,victim mudmivi(ix.cecxli) adj constant,continu(ing)
~usisxlo bloodless victim continuous,(ever)lasting,invariable,long-liv-
msxverplSewirva v n immolate(ion),make/ ed,permanent,perpetual,persistant,regular
mudmivmoqmedi(ix.eqspedicia) adj adv per-
ordain sacrifice
~adamianis human sacrifice manent(ly)
mudmivoba n permanence,regularity
~usisxlo bloodless ~
mueZini n muezzin
msxvili adj bold,large,stout,thick
muzaradi n helmet
msxvreva v crush,ram,smash
~wvetiani spiked ~
msxali/msxlis n adj pear
muzeum-qalaqi n museum city/town
~formis adj pear-shaped, puriform
muzeumi(ix.gamofena) n museum
msxlisebr wagrZelebuli adj oblonged
~mxareTmcodneobis provincial/site ~
like pear
msjavrdebuli n adj convict, sentenced ~Ria cis qveS open-air ~
msjavri n conviction, sentence muzeumis(ix,samuzeumo,xelSeuvali) adj
msjeloba v n discuss(ion) museum‟s
~eqsponati n museum piece
mtanjveli adj harrowing,tantalizing
~vitrina n (show)case, vitrine (Fr)
mtacebeli n adj predator
~meTvalyure n custodian
mtevani(ix.xelis) n bunch,cluster
~mcveli n keeper
mteri n enemy,foe,hostile,rival
~ ~ seifis n treasurer
~dauZinebeli bitter(tireless/untiring enemy
~fondsacavi n museum‟s holdings(reserve
~mosuli n intruder
storage)
~Sida/Sinauri enemy within
muTaqa n bolser
mtveri/mtvris n adj dust
mulaJi n plaster cast
~mcenaris n adj pollen
mumia n mummy
mtvradqceuli adj poudered,pulverized
mumiis keTeba v n mummify/mummification
mtvreva v n batter,beat,break(age),crush,ma-
mundStuki(ix.cxenis) n cigarette-holder
sh,ram,tamp
murvi(s) n adj glaze
mtvrevadi adj brittle,fragile,rachis
muri(s)(ix.Semurva) n adj lamp-black,soot
mtvriana n anther
=nelsacxebeli n adj myrrh
mtvriani adj dusty
muryani/murynis=Txmela/Txmelis n adj

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alder-tree=Alnus (Lat) mqselavi n warp winder

murynari n alder-tree thicket mqsoveli n knitter, weaver
musika(ix.saero) n music mqrqali(ix.feri) adj dull, mat
musikaluri(ix.sakravi,yuTi) adj musical mRelvare adj exciting,impassionate,turbulent
musikosi n musician mRelvareba n excitement,riot,turbulence,tum-
muslimi n adj Moslem ult,unrest
mufTa/muftis n adj coupling sleeve,ferrule mRera v ger sing(ing)
mufti n Mufti mRvdeli(ix.Rirsi) n clergyman,divine,priest
muqara v n ger brandishing,threat(en) ~ziarebis mimRebi n celebrant
muqi(ix.feri) adj bold,dark mRvdelmTavari(ix.taxti)n chief priest,High
muSa n labourer,worker Priest,(arch)bishop,metropolitan
~dRiuri n day worker mRvdelmTavris sataxto n cathedral
~piri(mag.danis) n working end mRvdelmsaxureba n religious right/service
~pirutyvi beast of burden mRvdlis samosi n cope,vestment
~uvargisi/Savi n pedlar ~Semosva/samoseli v n sacred vestments
muSamba/muSambis n adj oil-cloth ~xarisxi n curacy
muSaoba v ger function/work(ing) ~xeldasma v ordain
muSaxeli n laborer, manpower Rvime n hollow,rock,shelter
muceli(ix.cxovelis.WurWlis) n stomach ~karstuli n cave
muWi n cupped hand ~xelovnuri n grotto
~raime mag.fqvili n handful mRvimeli n hermit
muxa/muxis n adj oak-tree=Quercus (Lat) mRvimovani adj area with many caves,hone-
muxlamde adv knee-length, up to knee ycombed
~siRrme knee-deep mRvrie(ix.feri) adj dull
muxli n knee myarad adv firmly
~gvarSi n rod ~damkvidreba establish ~
muxliani adj crank,elbow-shaped myari(ix.safuZveli) adj constant,consis-
muxlis modreka v n genuflect(ion),go do- tent,firm,solid,substantial
wn on one‟s knees ~sakvebi n pl solids
muxlmodrekili adj genuflected myvinTavi n diver
muxluxa/muxluxi adj n caterpillar myviraloba n belling/rutling time
muxnari n oak-tree thicket myinvari n glacier
muxudo(si) n adj pea myinvaruli(ix.xana) adj glacial
~iisferi n adj parple ~ myisierad adv immediately
mujira(ix.Subispiri,wverwamocmuli) n myisieri adj immediate
lancehead myife adj brittle, frgile,friable
mfarveli n patron,protective,protector,the mynoba(ix.kalami) v ger graft(ing)
Good Shepherd myrala=skunsi(cxoveli) n skunk, Mephitis
mfarveloba v n protect(ion) Lat.
mfeTqavi adj beating,palplable,throbbed,vib- ~ balaxi(s) n adj skinking weed
rant myudro=mSvidi adj homely
mflobeli n holder,laird of sth,owner,posses- mSenebeli n builder
sor,proprietor mSenebloba(ix.Seneba) v n building (acti-
mflobelisTvis dabruneba v n revert,re- tivities),engineering,construct(ion)(ing)
version ~gabneuli/uwesrigo rambling building
mflobeloba n domain, ownership mSeneblobis gaCaReba burst of construction
mfrinavi adj flying ~kanoni/wesi code of building
mqadagebeli n preacher ~meTodi construction method
mqadagebloba v ger preach(ing) ~teqnika n construction technique
mqargveli n embroiderer,needle-woman mSvenieri adj delicate,delicious,delightful,ele-
mqmneli n creator gant,fine,lovely,nice,pretty,semi-fine,
mqone v adj n bearing..,having..,owner sheen,splendid

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mSvenivrad adv delicately,deliciously,finely, ~ nemsi/ena n peg, pin

fairly,in a remarkable way,lovin- ~ rkali n bow
ly,nicely,prettily,well mSobeli n parent
mSvidad adv quietly, peacefully mSobiaroba v give birth,have a baby
mSvidi adj homely,pacific,peaceful ~cxovelis v calve
mSvidoba n consolation,peace mSobiarobisas adv in childbirth
mSvidobiani adj pacific,peace(ful/loving) mSobliuri adj native,parent,vernacular
mSvidobiT adv peacefully mSrali adj arid, dessicated,dry
=damSvidobeba forewell =gvalviani arid period
=micvalebulTan be/sleep in piece ~naxevrad adj semiarid
mSvidobismoyvare adj pacific mSralxevi n aridity,dry/shallow gully
mSvidobismyofeli n peace-maker mCagvreli n exploitator
mSvild-isari n bow and arrow mCagvreluri adj exploitative
mSvilda adj bow-shaped mCiTavi n linen printer
mSvildi n bow mCxibavi n sorcerer/sorceress
~daWimuli drawn ~ mcdari adj erroneous,fallacious,misleading,
Svildosani n archer, bowman mistaken
mSvildosnoba n archery mcdaroba n error,sth erring towards sth,fal-
mSvildsakinZi n bow-shaped pin,fibula/ lacy
fibulae(Lat) mcdeloba n attempt,effort,endeavor
~arbaleturi cross-bow fibula mcenare/mcenaris(ix.qarva) n adj plant
~budeabmuli ~ with a fastened catch plate ~bolqviani n clove
~budeakecili ~ with a urned up ~ ~ ~zeTovani oil-yielding plant
~bologadagrexili/gadawnuli ~ with a ~mravalwliani perennial ~
twisted end ~namyeni grafted ~
~gadajvaredinebulrkaliani crossbow ~parkosani leguminous ~
~gvela serpentine fibula ~saTesle seed ~
~diskosebri disk ~ ~sakvebad vargisi edible ~ , wild ~food
~zurgamokecili/idayvisebri elbowed ~ ~samkurnalo/sanelebeli herb(s)
~TiTa finger-like ~ ~saRebavis dye-plant
~mTlianadnaWedi one piece hammered ~ ~teqnikuri industrial crops
~morkaluli/rkalisebri ark bow ~xeze gasuli arboreal(vegetation)
~mSvildakiani/xemiani bow-shaped fibula mcenaris dargva(ix.fisi) v plant
~muxlzambariani ~ with a spring ~movla v nurture
~navisebri boat-like ~ ~rbilobi(s) n adj pith
~nemsabmuli ~ with fastened pin ~saTesle parki n pericarp
~orzambariani ~ with two springs ~qerqi n bark, cortex
~ornawiliani two-piece ~ ~Canasaxi n germ
~spiralisebri spiral ~ mcenareuli adj floral,vegetable,vegetational
~sxivana beamed ~ ~naSTi floral/plant remains
~urCxulisebri dragon ~ ~safari forest cover, vegetation
~qnarisebri harp/lyra-shaped ~ ~saRebavi vegetable dye
~Cveulebrivi violine bow mcenareuloba n plants,vegetation
~wurblisebri leech fibula mcveli n guard(ian)
~Wvintiani ~ with long sharp tie mcirdeba v sth becomes less/small(er),dimi-
~jvrisebri cross-like ~ nishes
mSvildskinZis bude n catch-plate mcire adj diminutive,meager,minute,minor,
~ ~ grZeli elongated ~ negligible,not copious/great,peddle,
~ ~ diskosebri disk ~ petty,restricted,small,slight,scanty
~ ~ Sverilebiani knobbed ~ ~azia n West Asia,Asia Minor
~ ~ oCofexa SesakraviT stilt ~ ~masStabiani adj small-scale
~ zambara n psring ~moculobis adj small volume

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~nivTi n bagatelle ~ ~ Signidan inner gold-plated ~

~plastika minor art ~moWiquli glazed ~
~ram fine ~mrgval-brtyeli discoid ~
~figuruli small figured ~mrgval-wakveTili lentoid ~
mcirericxovani adj less numerous,few/ ~msxlisebri hub/pear-shaped ~
very low in number ~ovaluri ovoid ~
mcirewlovani n adj juvenile ~oTxmagi xvia quadruple spiral ~
mcneba n commandment,precept ~rkalisebri ring-shaped ~
mcodne n expert,knowledgable about,learn- ~rombisebri rhomboid ~
ed,enlightened,connoisseur (Fr) ~sartylis type-setting belt set
mcoxneli n adj ruminant ~sferuli dawaxnagebuli ribbed ball-
mcuravi adj floating,swimming shaped
=gveli n snake ~sferuli ball-shaped ~
mcxovrebi(ix.mosaxle) n dweller,habitant, ~feradi oloured ~
occupant, resident,settler ~futuro/fuye hollow ~
~pirveli n the iriginal(s) ~Semkrebi junction ~
mZarcveli n burglar,plunderer,robber ~Sewyvilebuli twinned ~
mZafri adj aspiring,intence,sharp,violent ~Sindis kurkisebri dateshaped ~
mZebneli n searcher ~Sualeduri spacer ~
mZevali n hostage ~calmxriv gaxvretili ~ pricked at one
mZerwavi n modeler,sculptor end
mZvinvare adj irate,severe ~cilindruli cylindrical ~
mZvinvareba n storm of in anger ~waxnagebian-ormagkonusuri faceted
mZivi(s) n adj bead double conoid ~
~bikonusuri doubleconoid ~ ~waxnagebiani faceted ~
~ ~ grZeli long ~ ~ mZivis asxmula(ix.abma) n strand of beads
~bipiramiduli double-pyramid ~ ~gaxvreta v prick
~borblisebri wheel-shaped ~ ~naxvreti n eye-let
~gamyofi/Sualeduri (inter)spacer ~ mZivisebri adj beaded
~gaxvretili holed,pierced,pricked ~ mZivniRabi n mask-bead
~dabalcilindruli biconvex/lozen- mZivsakidi n pendant/pennant
geshaped ~ mzivsamkauli n beaded design
~dawaxnagebuli diamond-shaped ~ mZivfoCi n fringe
~ ~ burTula faceted ball-shaped ~ mZime(ix.samuSao) adj cumbersome,hard,hea-
~daxeTqili/napobi chopped ~ vy,massive
~dekoratiuli decorative ~ mZimed adv hard,heavily
~dominosebri dominoshaped ~ mZlavrad adv prominenetly
~elifsuri elliptic(al) ~ Zlavri(ix.simZlavre) adj extensive,intense,
~Tvaledi netted ~ powerful,prominent,strong,substantial,
~ToTxmetwaxnaga fourteen-faceted ~ vigo(u)r
~iota minute ~ mZlavroba v n dominate/domination
~kasrisebri barrel-shaped ~ mZori(ix.cxovelis) n corpse, dead body
~kvadratuli square ~ mware(d) adj adv bitter(ly),poignant(ly)
~konusuri conocal ~ mwarmoebeli(ix.centri) n manufacturer,
~laqebiani spotted ~ producer,productive
~linzisebri lens-shaped ~ mwarmoebloba n efficiency
~milakisebri tubular ~ mwarmoebluri adj efficient
~minis bugles ~ mwde n cup-bearer
~mogrZo-oTxkuTxa rectangle ~ mweri(ix.qarva) n insect
~movercxlili silvered ~ mwerali(ix.karis,sakaro) n novelist,scribe,
~ ~ Signidan inner silverplated ~ writer
~mooqrovili gilded ~ ~gamoCenili/didi n august,celebrity

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mwvave(ix.umwvavesi) adj burning, sharp mWevrmetyveluri adj sth the most telling
mwvalebeli/mwvalebluri n adj heretic(al) mWide=mWidi(ix.masa/masala) adj binding,
mwvalebloba(ix.eresi) n heresy cementing,viscous
mwvanili n herb(s) mWidro adj close,dence,tight,tough
mwvervalze adv at the summit ~kavSiri n be in lockstep with sb
mwvervali n peak,pinnacle,summit,top mWidrod adv closely,contiguously,densely,
~ganviTarebis heyday=hey day,in sb‟s hard packed,intimately,tightly,thickly
peak,peak of sth,at the apex of… mWirxne(d) adj adv close fitting,very close,
didebis ~ on the height of pinnacle rigid(ly),tight(ly)
~mag. poeziis high water mark mWreli(ix.piri) adj cut(slash,spal)(ing)
=simaRle n apex mxazveli n draughtsman/woman
~civilizaciis high-water mark of civiliza- mxali/mxlis=fxali n adj wild plant
tion mxalSava(TeTryvavila,laSqara.Savbalaxa
mwignobari(ix.sefe) n scholar comfrey,Symphytum/Officinale gen. Lat.
mwiri(ix.beri) adj meagre,poor,scanty,scat- mxardamWeri adj n supporting,supporter,
tered,sketchy,sparce sustainable
=adamiani n pilgrim,roamer,wanderer mxardamxar adv adj shoulder to shoulder
~codna nugatory/slight knowledge mxardaWera v n aid,acknowledge,back,endo-
=cota adj scant(y) rse(ment),encourage(ment),maimtain/mai-
mwife(ix.simwife) adj ripe ntenance,make a commitment,retain(ment)
mwifobisa(ix.oqtomberi,tiriskani,Rvino- support,sustain
bisa,sTvlisa) n October mxardaWeriT adv with the support of sb
mwkrivad adv empaneled mxare n face,side,part
mwkrivi n array,file,line,ridge,row ~gare external face, outer part/side
mwkrivSi adv in line, sth in a row ~orive (on) each/either side
~gatareba v gantlet=gauntlet ~sapirispiro contrarywise
mwolare adj lying,reclining ~susti weak place/point
~gverdze adv lying on one‟s side ~Zlieri strong ~ ~
~zurgze adv backwards, on one‟s back ~ukana rear part
~naxevrad adv reclined ~Sida internal face,inner part/side
~pirqve adv prone,lying with face down ~wina front part/side
(wards) mxari(ix.Zvali,WurWlis) n shoulder
mwuxareba v n grieve,grief ~daqanebuli drooping ~
mwuxarebis gamoTqma v express condolen- mxaris(ix.dedaqalaqi) adj cantonal,provin-
ce on cial,regional
mwuxri(ix.locva) n twilight ~daWera rameSi shore up sth for sb
mwyemsva v herd,shepherd, take care mxarSi dgoma v n endorse,stand up for sb,
mwyemsi(ix.menaxire,mecxvare) n shepherd support
~keTili=ieso Good Shepherd mxatvari(ix.fiTxi,xatis) n artist,draughts-
mwyemsmTavari n clergyman man/woman,painter/intress (qali/kaci)
mwyemsoba n pastoralism,herdind ~ilustratori n illuminator
mwyemsuri adj pastoral,posture mxatvarTuxucesi n Gr. archizographos
mwyobrad adv neatly mxatvroba(ix.portreti,scenis) n the arts,
mwyobri adj coherent, smooth,neat artistry
mxatvrulad adv artistically
mwyurvali adj thirsty
mxatvruli adj artistic,picturesque,scenic
mWada(soko)(si) n adj Lactarius determinus
~aRwera artistic description
mWedeli(ix.mesaWurvle) n blacksmith
~gamosaxva v express artistically
mWedloba n blacksmithary
~gamosaxuleba n artistic expression
mWevrmetyvelad adv eloquently
~gaformeba v n artistic setting
mWevrmetyveleba n eloquency,oratory
~literatura n imaginative literature
mWevrmetyveli adj eloquent,expressive,signi-
~saxe artistic design
ficant,most telling

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~Semoqmedeba ~ creativity nagazi n sheep-dog, wolf-hound

~xelosnoba ~ craftsmanship nagebi adj built/constructed by/of
mxatvruloba n artistry, picturesquesness ~mkvidrad adj well-built
mxatvrulobis TvalsazrisiT adv art- nageboba(ix. saxli) n arrangement,building,
istically construction,complex,structure
mxedarTa wodeba n knight estate ~arasacxovrebeli nondomestic building
~wodebis wevri(kaci/qali) n equestri- ~arxebiviT saZirkvliT channeled ~
an/equestrienne ~gadbmuli oTaxebiT ~ with a row of inter-
mxedari(ix.cxenosani,Wadrakis,javSnosani vened rooms
n equestrian,horseman/woman,knight, ~gamagrebuli buttressed structure
rider ~gamZle sturdy building/construction
mxedarmTavari n commander, war-lord ~gverdiTi contiguous ~ ~
mxedveloba n sight ~damatebiTi adjust/adjacent ~ ~
mxedvelobaSi miReba v n notate/notation ~damwvari burnt ~ ~
take sth into account/consideration ~damxmare supporting structure
mxedvelobiTi adj visual ~ergatiuli ergative structure
mxedris qandakeba equestrian statue ~TavdacviTi n casemate
mxedroba n cavalry,horse-riding aristocracy, ~iaqTaRiani(gare) externally buttressed
military men,warrior society structure
mxedruli(ix.damwerloba) adj martial, ~ ~ (Sida) internally ~ ~
military ~kazematuri casaemate construction
mxevali(ix.xadumi) n attendant,handmaiden, ~mTavari/ZiriTadi main building
mxerxavi n sawyer ~mTaze mikruli building perched on slope/
mxeci(ix.nadiri) n beast,wild(life) side of a mountain
mxecsaxe=nadirsaxe adj zoomorphic(al) ~mTidan gadmokidebuli ~ perched in
mxvnel-mTesveli n tiller ~mTis wverze ~ perched on top of a ~
mxvneli n ploughman ~mierTebuli adjoined/adjoining ~
mxlebeli(ix.mxevali) n attendant ~mimRebi n receptacle
mxolodSobili adj only begotten,single =minaSeni sxva nagebobaze lean-to con-
mxrebisken mimarTuli(sagnis) adj tange- struction=shed
tinal ~mkvidri well-built ~
mxsneli(ix.ufali) n rescuer ~msubuqi light building/structure
mxurvale dj fervent,hot,heating,impassionate ~orboZiani two-spindled ~ ~
mxurvaleba n v ember(s), heat ~ormaliani two-flenghted ~ ~
mxcovani adj old and eminent,venerable ~orsenakiani double chamber ~ ~
mjdomare(ix.cxenze) adj seated,sb in a ~ ~safortifikacio enceinte structure
position ~senakisebri cell-like/plan building/hut
mjobni yvelasi adj pre-eminent ~skisebri beehive construction
n ~ukoWo beam/girdles ~ ~
naadrevi adj early(er) ~frTebiani wing corridor house
naazrevi n interpretation ~qoxisebri hut-like structure
naambobi n adj narrated,narration,narrative ~Semkvreli agglunative ~
naanderZevi adj bequeathed,left to sb by sb ~wyvili twin ~
nabadi n (Caucasian) felt cloack ~xis CarCoiani timber-framed building
naberi adj blaster,(wind)blown,swell,swollen ~hilanis tipis Hilani type ~
nabeWdi adj (re)print-ed,typed nagebobani n pl installations
nabiZgebi adj triggered by sb/sth ~dakavSirebuli erTmaneTTan ZiriTadi
nabij-nabij adv point after point,step by birTviT clustertype=clustering/clusterity
step,inch(ing) towards sth ~erTmaneTTan konstruqciulad dakav-
naboZebi(ix.boZeba) adj granted Sirebuli agglunating/agglunative
nagavi(ix.samzareulos,samSeneblo) n nagebobis kuTxisa da fuZis morTuloba
garbage,midden,refuse,rubbish (ix.Senobis) corner and base moulding

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~agebuleba n fabric, texture naTeli naTlisa Light of Light

~nawilebis gamagreba v n reinforce(ment) naTesavebi/naTesaoba n kindered
~zeda zRvari upper bed naTesavi(ix.sisxliT) n kin, relative
~qveda ~ lower bed ~sisxliT cognate,kin(sman.ship)
nagvemi adj hurt(ed) ~uaxloesi closest/immediate relative
nagverduli(s)(ix.ficari) n adj slab naTesaoba(ix.gvariT,sisxliT) n kinship,
nagvis grova n midden relations among/between
~ormo n cesspool/pit,rubbish pit ~ramesTan bear affinity with sth
nagleji(ix.lodi,qva) n adj a piece of sth ~sulieri n affinity
(eg cloth),coursing,crushed naTesauri(ix.sisxliT) adj akin
nagorebi adj rolled ~siaxlove n affinity, kinship
nagrami=Svili n sing/pl offspring naTesi n pl usu. siftings
nadavli(ix.naqurdali,omis)=nanadirevi ~gazafxulis sewn field
n bag,booty,catch ~Semodgomis winter ~
nadebi(ix.naleqi,nafifqi) n dregs,patina, ~gamxmari withered
sediment naTvla=naTloba v n ger baptize/baptism,
nadimi n banquit,feast,regale,symposium/sy- christen(ing)
mposii (n sing/pl Lat) =wyliT v n immerse/immersion
nadiri(ix.mxeci) n beast,wild animal naTlad adv actually,clearly,definitely,explicit-
nadiroba n v ger hunt(ing),prey ely,ostensibly,soundly,vividly
=scena hunt scene ~ikiTxeba sth is clearly read/properly faced
nadnobi(s)(ix.wida) n adj smelting naTlia=naTlimama/deda n god-father/
~narCeni n pl usu. casting remains mother
navali adj beaten track naTlimamoba n favouritism,nepotism
navaraudevi adj conjectural,inferred,presum- naTlismcemeli n the Baptist/Christener
ed,supposed naTlisReba n ger christening
navardi v n gallop =dResaswauli n Epiphany
navi(s) n adj boat naTlisRebis wina dRe Twelfthnight=eve of
~formis adj naviform the Twelfth night
~cxviri n bow,prow naTlobis miReba v be baptized/christened
navisebri adj boat-shaped ~saxeli font name
navmisadgomi n quay ~wveuleba christening party
navsadguri(sayudeli/misadgomi) n bay, naTluli(vaJi/qali) n god-son/daughter
harbor area/side,quay nairgvaroba n wealth of shapes
~baJi harbour dues nairsaxeoba n offshoot,speciality in sth,vari-
~savaWro port of trade ety of sth
nazavi adj n mixed, mixture nairferi(ix.feri) adj sth of diverse colour
nazeli adj kneaded, pugged nairferoba(ix.siWrele) n mixed character
nazi adj delicate,flimsy,insubstantial,subtle, of sth
tender nakadi(ix.wylis) n flow,stream,watercourse,
nazmatyliani adj fine-haired current
nazoli(ix.nakeri) n champer,joint nakaduli n (mountain) stream
~Tarazuli bed-joint nakarnaxevi adj dictated by sb/sth,(as) sug-
naTali(ix.tlanqad) adj sculptured,trimmed gested
naTel-mironi n relationship of god-parents nakafi n adj abates=abattis,clearing
to godparents nakawri n adj abrasion,scratch,chipped,co-
naTelmosili adj radiant,resplendent mbed
naTelmxilveli n clairvoyant nakeTebi=nakeTi(ix.uxeSad) adj devised,
naTeli adj apparent,bright,clear,explicit,intell- done,made,modeled
igible,light(ed),luminous,manifest,obvious, nakeTebi adj done,made,worked
ostensible,overt,precise,pure,radiant,vivid nakeToba(ix.xis) n device, a piece of work
~wmindanis n sing/pl Lat. nimbus/nimbi nakeli(s) n adj (animal) dung,stallage

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~soko n Lat. Sordaria Neurospora ~CasarTi sickle-bush/inset

nakeri(ix.nazoli,xazi) n adj joint,seam, namdvilad adv actually,certainly,clearly,de-
sewn finitely,genuinely,really,truly
~Tarazuli(gadabmisas) n bed-joint namdvili(ix.ambavi,wevri) adj actual,authen-
nakecebiani=nakecebiT adj appliated skirt, tic,genuine,natural,original,real,sheer,true
drapery,(with)folds namdviloba n authenticity
nakeci(ix.naRuni) n adj bend(ing)/bent,tuck nameti adj (sth) surplus (of sth)
nakeWni n adj v notch namzadi(s) n half/semi-finished article/pro-
nakvalevze adv in the wake of sth duct,sketch,blanck
nakvalevi(ix.urmis) n imprint,scars,trace, ~keTeba v rough out
track,vestige namkali(ix.nawverali) n harvest
nakveTi adj cut,faceted,incised,modeled,work- namori(s) n adj beam,casemate,cast,round
ed up billet(timber)
~amokveTili adj engraved,pecked namosaxlari(s)(ix.nasadgomari,nasaxlari
~kargad(ix.tlanqad,uxeSad) neatly cut n habitation site,occupation,settlement
~miwis n area, plot,quarter ~adreuli earlier occupation
~ ~ nagebobebiT n farmstead ~ganadgureba/ganadgurebuli v n adj
~reliefurad n glyph devastate/devastation,devastated
nakvercxali/nakvercxlis n adj brand ~gaCnda/daarsda occupation/settlement
~minavlebuli n adj ember grew up
nakvTebi(ix.saxis) n pl points,traits ~gora settlement mound
~wakveTili pitched features ~kide n fringe(s)
nakleboba n infrequency,lack of sth,scarcity ~mogviano latter occupation
deficiency,shortage,sparsity ~mravalfeniani multy-layer/tiered settlem-
nakli(ix.siave,codva) n defect,fault,flaw,la- ent
ck/miss of sth,drawback,scar, ~mWidrod dasaxlebuli ~ teeming with
shortcoming(s),vice residents
naklovanebani n pl disadvantages,incomple- ~simZlavre n intensity
tenses ~sxivebad radial settlement
nakluli adj incomplete,lack of sth,sth is la- ~jgufad clustered ~
cking/missing namoqmedari n activities/doing traces of sb
nakrebi adj n assemblage,collected/collecti- namsxvrevi/namtvrevi n chip,piece,scrap,shr-
on,set(of sth),mounting,suite,corpus/cor- ed/shred,splinter
pora( n sing/pl) Lat ~qanis n debris
nakrialebi adj glazwd,glossyt,lustrous,po- namsxvrevebi n pl breakage,debris
lished ~wvrili small scale pieces
nakrZali n conservation park/woodland, namtvrevi(ix.namsxvrevi) adj chipped,chop-
(p)reserve ped,crushed
nakurTxiadj Holy,blessed,consecrated,sacred namuSevari(ix.reliefuri) n piece of work,
naleqi n dregs,pluvial,rain(s),rainy covditions, product,work done
snowfall(s),sediment ~mxatvruli artistic piece(s)
~brinjaoze n patina ~SemoqmedebiTi creative work(s)
naleqiani adj pluvious namyeni(ix.kalami) n adj grafted plant
naleqis mosvla v n precipitate,precipitation namceci(s) n adj crumble
nali(s) n adj (horse)shoe namwvi(ix.sanTlis) n burning cinders
~Sverili n calk namja/namjis n adj straw
nalia n barn, corn-drying,granary,hopper nanadirevi(ix.nadavli) n bag, catch
nalisebri adj horseshoe-shaped nanaxi(ix.napovni) adj found,seen
nalo n slide rails for rolling in/out nangrevi n debris,ruined,sth in ruins
naloliavebi adj cherished,nourished naomari=omgamovlili adj war-torn
namarxi adj fossilized naosnoba v n ger navigate/navigation,sail
namgala adj crescent(al) (ing)
namgali/namglis n adj reaping hook,sickle ~zRvaze shipping in the sea

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~mdinareze ~ on the river natura(mxatvris) n mode, sitter

~sanapiro coastal shipping naturalisturi/naturalisturad adj
naoWebi n pl gathers, puffs adv naturalistical(ly)
~kanze/saxeze creased, wrinkle(d)(s) naturaluri=bunebrivi/naturalurad
naperwkali/naperwklis n adj spark adj adv natural(ly)
napiri n edge naturmorti(s) n adj still life
napkurebi adj trickled naurmali n gauge
~nelsacxebliT adj parfumed,scented naucbaTevi adj offhand
napobi(ix.dapobili) adj split nafexuri n footprint
napovni(ix.SemTxveviTi) n adj discovered/ nafifqi n thin coating
discovery,find/found,godsent nafoti(s) n adj chip, splinter
~odesme so far found (anywhere) nafxaWni adj chip(ed)
napralebi(ani) n pl adj fissured, interstices naqalaqari n a site of ancient town
naprali(ix.RreCo) n aperture,breach,cleft, naqandakari adj sculpted,sculptured
crack,fissure,fracture,gap,slit naqargi(ix.qargva) n adj embroidered,nee-
~kldeSi n cleft, notch dlework
~niadagSi n chasm naqargoba n embroidery
naprialebi(ix.liToni) adj polished naqlibi n filing
narandi n rebate naqsovi(ix.Wviruli) adj n knitted,textile,we-
nargile n hookah aved
narevi adj n fused/fusion,mixed/mixture naqurdali n booty,loot
narecxi(ix.naSali) n pl slops naqurTeni(s) n adj sapwood
narTeqsi n Gr narthex naRara n trumpet
nari(s)=narSavi(s) n adj thistle naRari n notch
=sawoli n plank-bed naRaris dacema v blow a trumpet
~yazarmaSi/cixeSi n bunk naRvarevi(ix.xrami) n silt, torrent
naribandi(s)=narimandi(s) n v chase,fillister, naRvenTi n deposit, pool
groove,rabbet naRuni=nakeci n v bend,buckle, fold
~kuTxovani adj mitered groove nayalbevi n falsification, forgery,imitation
~amoReba v chase,notch nayari(ix.wili) n debris,dung,embankment
~amosaRebi satexe n chasing chisel,gauge ~riTac samarxi/Txrilia amovsebuli
nariyali n adj drift, shingle n pl only falls
narkvevi n sketch nayarSi gaWra/gaWrili v adj mine(d)
narCevi(ix.CenCo) n adj selection(s),select(ed) nayva v ger pound(ing)
narCenebi/narCeni n pl debris,leftovers,refu- nayvavilari n pl, adj pockmarks, pocky
se,remains,reminder,residual,survivor/ nayidi adj bought, purchaced
trace(s),vestige,wast nayofi n fruit(s)
~samSeneblo n pl remnants,rubbish ~ZuZumwovris, ufro adamianis 8 kvi-
narCili adj n soldering ris asakSi n foetus
nasadgomari(ix.namosaxlari) n (ancient/ nayofiereba(ix.miwis) n efficiency,fertility
former) occupation,settlement nayofierebis rituali fertility rite(s)
nasaxlari n (remains of earlier) human ~qalRmerTi Goddess of Fertility
habitation nayofieri adj abundant,fertile,fruitful,produc-
naseri n cut, incision tive,profitic
nasesxebi(ix.gadmoRebuli) adj adopt(bor- naSali(ix.mTis,nayari) n debris
row,loan)(ed),lent naSTebi n pl remains/remnants of sth
nasvreti n hole,sponge naSTi(ix.mcenareuli) n rest
natexi n scrap,shatter,sherd ~Sesafaseblad vargisi tangible remnants
~mcire fragment naSieri=nagrami n offspring, scion (ada-
natvifri(ix.tvifvra) adj pressed,stamped mianis)
natifi(ix.gemovneba) adj fine,slim,slender naSovni adj n pl earned/earnings, gained,
natkepni adj packed,rammed won

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naSromze gamoxmaureba n comment on... ~savaWro product traded

~SeniSvna/Sefaseba reference point ~xelosnuri n craft production
nawarmoebi(ix.asaxva) adj manufactured,pro-
~dayrdnobiT reference to sth duced
naSromi n article issue,paper,piece,publicati- =naSromi/teqsti n text,work
on,research,study treatise,work,writing(s) nawarmoebis gmiri n character
~damajerebeli/sando persuasive work ~Tema/Sinaarsi n plot
~dasrulebuli through work nawerebi n pl manuscripts,writings,works
~Temaze/sakiTxze paper(study/work) on N naweri(s) adj writing,written
problem/topic ~gadabeWvda v ger type(ing)
~mravali avtoris multyauthored study ~gadaTeTrebuli fair copy
~sanimuSo exemplary work nawverali(ix.namkali) n harvest/stubble
~srulyofili/yovlismomcveli magist- field
erial work nawiburi n edge,fillet,verge
~xelmZRvanelobiT... under supervision… nawiburiani adj voussoir
naSromis damowmeba/miTiTeba v reference nawilaki n particle
~ jvaredini ~ cross ~ nawilebad adv sth in parts
~Semokleba v n abridge(ment) nawilebi(ix.wminda) n pl fittings,parts,pi-
naSuri n wane eces
naCexi adj chopped nawilebis SeerTeba v n join(ery)
naCvevi adj familiar to,sty enjoyed nawili n detail,fraction,a glimpse of sth,part,
naCvenebi adj demonstrated,depicted,indica- portion,quarter,section,segment
ted,(re)presented,shown ~SemorCenili sth extant/(p)reserved
naCvreti n gap,hole,perforation ~Semadgeneli component member,consti-
naCuqari adj granted, presented tuent part,counterpart
naCuqrobis sigeli n sunnud ~centraluri middle part
naCqarevi=naucbaTevi adj hasty,hurried,pre- ~ZiriTadi fundamental component
cocious nawil-nawil adv in part(s)
nacari(ix.nacriani...) n ashes, cinder nawilobriv adv briefly,discretely,in part,par-
nacartuta(d) adj pulverized tly,partially
nacarqaTama(si) n adj goose-foot,orach, nawilobrivi adv partial
Chenopodium sp (Lat) nawlavebi n pl intestines
~wiTeli Chenopodium rubrum (Lat) nawnavi n plait
nacarwmendili(s) n adj lye nawrTobi adj tempered
nacemi adj beaten nawyalobevi adj donated,granted,rewarded
nacexvi adj threshing nawyvet-nawyveti adj desultory,fragmentary,
nacnobi adj common, familiar, known sketchy
~adamiani n acquaintance nawyveti n fragment,gobbet,a piece of sth
nacriani/nacrovani adj ashy ~teqstis extract,fragment,passage
nacris(ix.fena) adj ashes, cinder naWdevi(ix.ornamenti) adj n excised,incision
~ormo n ashpit incised,notch(ing)
nacxovrebi(ix.fena) adj inhabited naWedi(ix.liToni) adj hammered
naZarcvi n booty ~cxlad adj forged
naZerwi adj modelled,moulded naWeri(ix.ulufa) n piece
~mSvenivrad finely modelled =qsovili n adj cloth,textile
~tlanqad/uxeSadvv offhand,sth model- ~welze Semosaxvevi n loin-cloth
led in a slip-shod way/roughly modeled naWrebad daWra/daWrili v adj apiece(d)
naZvi(s)=soWi(s) n adj fir-tree naWrilobevi n scar, wound
naZvnari(s) n adj fir-wood naWuWgaclili adj shelled
naZravi(ix.fena) adj dislocated,displaced,dis- naWuWi n lobe,shell, lobus/lobi (sing/pl Lat)
turbed,removed naxazze datana v plot/trace on
nawarmi n pl articles,fabrics,product(ion) ~Crdili n v ger shade(ing)

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naxazi(ix.Strixi) n adj draughting,drawing, naxmari(ix.gacveTili) adj used, second

film,record hand,worn
~samuSao working sketch naxnavi(s) n adj furrow, ploughland
naxazis gadaxazva v ger redraw(ing) ~siRrme n tilt
naxazSi Casma v insert naxsenebi adj cited,mentioned
naxanZrali n adj burnt site of fire,traces ~axlaxans/zemoT just/above mentioned
of fire ~winaswar previously mentioned
naxati(ix.naxazi,Soba) n adj drawing,paint- naxtomi n v caper,jump,leap,spring,sprut
ing,record ~teqnologiaSi n upspring in technology
~kargad gadmocemuli adv well-articulated naxtomiseburi adj leapfrogging model
~kldeze painted image=pictograph ~wyvetili n intermittent
~xeze paint(ed) on wood naxSirbadi(s) n adj carbon
naxevar... pref. half… hemi… semi… ~monacemebi C14-sigma confidence
~bruni n half turn 14
~radioaqtiuri ~ radioactive=C =C14
~miwuri n partly sunken naxSirbadiani adj carbonized
~piloni(ix.TaRis...) n respond naxSiri(s) n adj (char)coal
~rkali n halfhoop,haunch ~mura n adj lignite
~sferuli adj semispherical ngreva(ix.kvali) v n crumble,demolish(ion),
~toni(ix.feri) n half tint destroy,destruction,fall down,havoc,rum
~fabrikati n (sty) half-finished ~sangrevi manqaniT v ger butter/rum(ing)
~Crdili n penumbra ngrevis gamomwvevi/mizezi n agent of dest-
~wriuli adj semi-circular ruction
naxevari adj half ~zona extent of ~
naxevari adj pref. demi,half,hemi,partly,semi ndoba n v confidence,credence,credit,reli-
naxevrad adv pref. half..,hemi..,semi..,sub... ance/rely in(on,upon),feel/have reliance,
~gamWvirvale adj semitransparent trust
~gvalviani adj semiarid ndobisa da erTgulebis niSani=wm.denis-
~daSla semi-dissociation is droSa n oriflame
~daxvewili adj semi-fine neba(ix.RvTis) n v will
~mag. qarTveli adj Georgian half cast nebadarTuli adj allowablw/allowed,permi-
~mTvarisebri adj semi-lunar ssible,permitted
~miTiuri adj semi-mythic ~kanoniT adj authorized
~miwieri adj semi-subterrarian nebarTva n v permit,permission
~miwuri adj semi/sub-terrarian nebayoflobiT adv voluntarily
~mudmivi adj semi-permanent nebrida n wild goat‟s skin
~sakuWnao/sawyobi n semi-cellar nedlad adv crudely
~sworkuTxa adj sub-rectangular nedleuli(s) n raw material(s),stock
~udabno adj semiarid ~ZiriTadi n pl commodities
~RmerTi n demigod ~wyaro n sourse of raw material(s)
~Sebrunebuli adj half-faced/turned nedli adj crude,immature, raw
~SiSveli adj half-naked nekerCxali/nekerCxlis=mTis bokvi n
~Zvirfasi adj semiprecious adj maple-tree
~wriuli adj sub/semi-circular neknebi erTad n pl rib-cage
~xis adj half-timbered nekni(s) n adj rib
naxelavi n a piece of work, work nekrologi n pl usu. obituaries
naxerxi(s) n adj sawdust nekropoli n sing/pl Lat. necropolis/nec-
naxexi adj abrasion/abrasive,ground ropolises
nel-nela/nel-nelobiT adv little by little
naxva v find,see
neli/nela adj adv slow(ly)
~xelaxla v retrieve
nelsacxebeli/nelsacxeblis(ix.muri,fiT
naxvreti n hole,mesh,perforation
xi) n adj aromatic ointment(s),perfu-
naxiri n cattle, lifestock
me,scent
naxiris moparva v round up

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~zeTovani n adj anoint ~jgufebad clasterine

~dapkureba v perfume,scent nivTi(s) n article,artifact,item,object,thing
~wasma v anoint ~bunebiT by nature of N object
nemsi(s)(ix.naqargi) n needle(„s) ~gaurkveveli unknown ~
~yunwi n eye ~damTariRebeli diagnostic/dating item
nerbi n ewe ~dasrulebuli finished article/object
nesti n humidity,moisture ~Tavisi xarisxiT sth in its merit
nestiani adj humid,moist,sodden,wet ~mosagonari memento/memorabilia of…
nesto(ebi) n nostril, nares (pl usu. Lat) ~tipiuri type item
netarad adv blessfully ~uxeSad damuSavebuli sth that receiv-
~aRiareba v n beatify,beatification ed less attractive treatment=treated
netarebani n pl the Beatitudes (Methew 3- less attractively
11) ~Zvirfasi dear object, luxury item
netari n adj sb the Blessed,beatific,blissful nivTis(ix.morTuloba) bolo n end,termi-
nefe(ix.patarZali) n bridegroom nal,tip
nefriti(s) n adj jage,greenstone,nephrite ~gamZleoba n obstinatness
neqtari/neqtris n adj nectar ~moulodneli Sexvedra v come across
neSti n ashes,dust,earth,remains ~oreuli n counterpart
neSompala/neSompalis n adj humus ~sartyeli n band, cordon
niadagi(s)(ix.gamdidreba,miwa,ucxo) n ~qedi n midrib,rib(ing),rim
adj soil,terrain nivTiereba(ix.mWide,Semkvreli)n substance
~ayalo clay/loam soil ~xsnadi adj solvable
~gamofituli exhausted ~ nivTieri adj artifactual,material, substantial
~danaleqi colluvial soil,deposit,alluvium/ ~monapovari found pieces
alluvia Lat. nivTSi CarCenili xis naSTi n stump
~eweri bushy/shraby soil nivniva n rafter
~Tixnari clayey ~ ~kuTxis hip ~
~kiriani limestone ~ ~mTavari/ZiriTadi common(main,principal)
~kldovani rocky ~ =Zeli joist
~mwiri hungry ~ ~wvrili valley rafter
~nariyi alluvial ~ nivnivas fexi common/valley rafter
~nayofieri ramis ganviTarebisTvis se- nivnivebis damagreba=Sekvra truss
edbed for (civilization) nivnivqveSa Zeli n counter-lating
~notio/wyliani wetland nikapi n chin
~noyieri fat/fruitful soil nimbi(ix.naTeli) n brouch, halo
=safuZveli soil ~wmindanis n gloriole, nimbus/nimbi
~fxvieri crumbly soil (sing/pl Lat)
~xvinWiani gravelly ~ nimuSi n cast(s),example,pattern,sample,spe-
niamori=qurciki n antilope,saiga cimen,scantling
niaRvari n avalanche,flood,silt,stream,torrent ~miuwvdomeli unattainable example/spec-
niaxuri(s) n adj celery=Apium graveolens imen
nivelireba v ger level(ing)=leveling ~raRacis representative of sth
niveliri(ix.lartya) n level ~calkeuli isolated example(s)
nivTebi n pl articles,artifacts,items,objects, ~wina the foregoing example/sample
things nimuSis aReba(velze)=SerCeva n v sample
~erTad sth juxtaposed/in a juxtaposition nimfa tyis/wylis n dryad/naiad
~kuTvnili paraphernalia niori/nivris n adj garlic
~romlebic yvelganaa mag. qoTani obiqu- ~kbili n clove
itous item(s) niJara/niJaris n adj shell
~samsxverplo/Sesawiri votive objects ~konqoiduri conchoidal fracture
~saWiro/Cveuli utility,utilitarian ~ ~mamlis deziswbri dentalium/dentalia n
~Catanebuli funerary gift(s) sing/pl Lat.

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~maraosebri n fan-like shell canopy ~wodebis aRmniSvneli badge(s) (of rank)

~savarcxela n scallop-shell ~ ~wylis water-mark
~jamisebri n sing/pl Lat.calyx/calyces niSanwyali not a scrap of sth
~xveuli n wreath niSnad... ... as a mark/token of…
niJrovani adj shell-rock niSnebi(s)=niSani n pl usu. attributes,traits
niskarti(ix.sawveTuri) n beak ~mqone charged with sth
niskartisebri adj beak-like/shaped ~gadajaWvuli adj intertwined traits
niRabi n mask ~Semcirebuli adj sealed-down features
~dasakrZalavi=micvalebulis burying/ ~Sereva v intertwine
death ~ niSnis dadeba(ix.Camocileba) v blaze
~portretuli portrait ~ ~damsmeli n marker
~saweso ceremonial/ritual ~ ~micema v flag sth
~cxovelsaxiani animal ~ niSnoba n v betrothal/betrothe,engage(ment)
niRbiani adj masked sb niSnuli(s) n hatchure, mere
niyvi(s) n adj saffron milk-cap, Amanita cae- ~dasma velze v track up the site
sarea Lat. ~velze n sample
niSa(ix.walo) n alcove,bay,niche,recess niCabi n shovel,spade
~qandakebisaTvis kedelSi n hovel ~navis n oar
~cxoveli blazed (animal) niCbisebri adj sth spatulate in shape
niSandoblivi adj diagnostic,(highly)signifi- niWi n faculty for..,gift(s),genius,skill,talent,wit
cant,noteworthy ~bunebrivi native wit
niSani n attribute,evidence,emblem,feature,hi- ~mxatvruli artistic skill
nt,indication/indicator,(land)mark,mark, ~naTeli outstanding gifts
(er),medium,omen,sign(al),significance, ~samxedro military skill
siren,spark,symbol,trace,trait =talanti dowry
~aradamaxasiaTebeli alien asphect of sth
~RvTivbiZebuli=RvTiuri n sing/pl Gr.
~arsebiTi/ganuyofeli n integral feature
c(h)arisma/c(h)arismata
~brunvis n case ending niWieri adj sb able,bright,gifted,keen,skilled,
=gamoxatuleba n indication/indicator of sth smart,talented
~damaxasiaTebeli n attribute,characteristic, niWis gaRviveba v nourish
diagnostic,hallmark,trait nixri n pl usu. dues
~damTariRebeli dating indication noemberi(ix.tirisdeni,tiriskoni,giorgo-
~lursmul damwerlobaSi n glyph bisa) n November
~lursmuli sityvis aRmniSvneli n logo nominali n face value,nominalis/nominale
gram (sing/pl Lat.)
~mkveTrad gamosaxuliexaggerated feature nomokanoni n Nomocanon Lat.
~ndobisa da erTgulebis n oriflame norCi adj delicate,diminutive,tender,young
~okulturi n sigil notacia n v lecture,notatia
~pirobiTi conventional sign notio adj damp
~rom nivTi originalia cachet (Fr) nukleusi n core, nucleus/nuclei (sing/pl Lat)
~savaWro trade mark nukri=Svlis ~(ix.Sveli) n calf,fawn
~sasveni punctuation mark nuncio n sing/pl Lat. nuncio/nuncios
~saqonels yurze n earmark nuJri(ix.liTonis) n hob, knot
~samxedro damsaxurebisaTvis n medal nusxa n text
~sawyisi formative element =sia n list
~ubralo/Cveulebrivi mere emblem/sign nuSi(sebri) n adj almond(y)
~ucnauri bizzare feature
~SemTxveviTi fugitive trace o
~SemorCenili extant/preserved feature oazisi n sing/pl Lat. oasis/oases
~cudi ominous sign obeliski n obelisk
~ZiriTadi essential feature obi(s) n adj mould
=winaTgrZnoba n anticipate(d),sign,weird oboli(ix.margaliti) adj orphan,parentless

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=fuli n sing/pl Lat. obolus/oboli ~biZgi n v trigger ~

obsidian(s)(ix.retuSi,qva) n adj obsidian ~gamarjvebis simbolo trophy
~ze-tute n adj paralkaline ~ ~gamowveva trigger war
~madani/wyaro n adj deposit of ~ ~zurgi home front, rear
~tute-volframiti n adj cal-alkaline ~ ~kvali evidence of war
oda(ix.saxli) n ode ~manqana n war machine
odiTgan adv from time immemorial ~muqara menace ~
ovali/ovaluri n adj oval(oid),ovoid,ovate ~nadavli prey
~arawesieri roughly oval ~Sedegi war aftermath
~Suaze gaWrili bisected ~ ~saSiSroeba menace war
oTaxi(ix.wyeba) n room ~Sedegi (war) aftermath
~misaRebi n parlour ~Semdgomi post-war
~sastumro guest room ~wamowyeba levi/unleash a war
~wina/Sesasvleli n anteroom ~warmarTva feat a ~
oTx... pref quadric… tetra… ~warmoeba v conduct ~
oTxgverda/waxnagaadj four-sided,tetrahedral ~wina pre-war
oTxTavi=saxareba=evangele n (Four) ~xelovneba art of warfare
Gospels omSi gamarjvebis simbolo n trophy
oTxTvala n four wheel cart,wagon omfalosi n sing/pl Lat. omphalos/omp-
oTxkuTxa adj quadrangular,rectangular,squ- halomes
are(d) omfori(ix.xatis) n chasuble
~ganivkveTiani adj squaresectioned onagari n battering ram
oTxkuTxedi n quadrangle,rectangle,square opisTodomosi n sing/pl Gr. opisthodomos
oTxkuTxediviT adj adv subrectangular /opisthodomi
oTxmagi=oTxjeradi adj fourfold,quadruple opozicia n opposition
oTxmxrivi adj quadrilateral ~Sida backbench rebellion
oTxnawiliani adj four-part, quadruple(d) or... pref double… two…
oTxfurcliani adj quadrifoil or-orad adv two-by-two
oTxSabaTi(ermisa,merkuri) n Wednesday orad gayofili=1:2 adj bifurcated,one
oTxcxena n a coach and a four,quadriga/ devided into two
quadrigae n sing/pl Lat. oraTeulobiT adv scores of =10+10
oTxxmiani adj four part orakuli(ix,taZari) n oracle
oTxjer(adi) adv four times,quadruple(d) or(mag)boloiani adj double-ended
olari n stole orboZiani adj two-spindled
ole n copse, coppice orgia n orgy
~nakaduliT n bayou ordeni n order (eg Franciscan)
olqi n cantonal region orderi(ix.nebarTva) n mode,order
ombalo(si) n adj meadow sweet, Menta =brZaneba n v order
pulegium=Pea pratensis Lat. =sabuTi n warrant
omboxi=yavarjeni n cramp ordiskoiani adj double-disc
omgamovlili adj war-torn orenovani adj bilingual
omi n war(fare) oreuli n a person‟s double,twin
~aragadamwyveti/uSedego indecisive ~ orvolutiani adj double-volute
=brZola v do battle with sb orTabrZola n (single) combat
~gamarjvebisaTvis war waged to win orTava adj bicepal,double/two headed
~dapyrobiTi ~ of conquest orTvala adj two-wheeled
~dausrulebeli inconclusive ~ ~etli n carriage
~SesanarCuneblad ~ waged to hold ~zarbaznis n gun-carriage, limber
~samagieros gadaxda campaign of revenge ~msubuqi n light chariot
~samoqalaqo=Sina=ZmaTa civil/internecine~ orTiTa adj forked
struggle/war..,internal strife orTiTi n bident,pitchfork
omis gaCaReba v break out(outbreak/inleash)~ ~Tixis clay fork

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orTostata n orthostat=basalt slabs ~amokveTili chased ~

orTostataTa rigi row of orthostats ~amoRaruli incised ~
orTqli(s)(ix.abanos) n adj steam ~ ~ reliefi grooving relief
orTqlsadeni n ~ pipe ~ ~ sartyeli pressed band
oriarusiani adj two-staged/tiered ~amoWmuli liTonze biting(aquatint,etch-
originali adj authentic ing) design
=dedani n original ~astragali n astragal
orive(ix.ori) adj both ~badisebri net pattern,reticulate(d)
~zedapirze adv on ~ faces ~badisebri rombebi hatchered triangles
~mxares adv on either/each side ~badura cross-hatchered/fret design,trellis
~SemTxvevaSi adv in either case motif
orisruli adj double arrow/lancet ~baduri samkuTxedebi cross-hatched train-
orkapa adj two-horned/pointed gles
orlebniani n adj two-row ~bawrisebri/Tokisebri(ix.grexili)
ormagad adv doubly corded ornament
ormagboloiani adj double-ended ~berZnul-romauli farisebri pelta
ormagtesebri adj beamed,double-crutch motif
ormagxvia adj double spiral/volute ~bumbulisebri feather ornament
ormagi adj double,dual,twofold ~bunebis scenebi naturalistic design
ormaliani adj two-flenghted ~butkosebri pestil design
ormo n hole,pit ~gamarjvebis victory motif
~maragis storage pit ~gamqrali kill-off pattern
~nagvis/fuWi qanisn rubbish pit,wast-dump ~geometriuli (sub)geometric pattern
~narCenebis n bin,dumping rubbish,refuse ~ ~ araTanabari scaline geometric
dump ~gvirgvinis wreath motif
~sakvebis mosamzadebeli/sacxobi ~gofrirebuli corrugated,fluting/rippled
cooking/roasting pit design/pattern
~sameurneo n refuse dump/pit ~grexili(ix.bawrisebri) guilloche(rope,
~sawreti vertical drain tendril,wreathened) design/motif
~silosis storage bin/pit ~ ~ mrudxaziani curvilinear pattern
ormwkriva(d) adj adv (in) double row ~grexilxazovani curvilinear motif
ormxrivamozneqili adj biface,lenticular ~grigala=Tevzifxuri herring-bone de-
ormxrivdamuSavebuli adj bifacially worked coration
~dakruli/reliefuri n sing/pl Lat.
ormxrivdaqanebuli adj gable
emblema/emblemata
ormxrivCazneqili adj double-concave(d)
~daZerwili applique design
ormxrivi adj bifacial/lateral,binaly opposi-
~dekoratiuli decorative pattern
tes,double/two sided/fold
~datvifruli stamped decoration
ormxrivoba n reciprocity
~daRaruli chanelled/chased design/pat-
ornamenti(ix.ornamentirebuli,uornament
tern
to,foTlis) n decoration,deco-
~daStrixul-daCvretili perforated
rative pieces,design,embelishment,
design
motif,ornament(ation),pattern
~daStrixuli stroke ornament
~adamiani-cxoveli human-animal compos-
~ ~ samkuTxedebis rigebi rows of
ition
~adamianis Tavis ornamentation in the form hatchured triangles
~dawinwkluli mottle(d)
of human head(s)
~amoburculi cordon ornament ~daWdeuli impressed design
~ ~ zoli naWdevebiT applique ~ ~ wertilebi impessed (with) dots
cordon(s) ~daxatuli Zvelze painted onto old/previ-
~amokawruli scratched out pattern ous decoration
~amokveTil-amoRaruli chased and incis- ~daxvewili carefully worked out ~
ed design ~daxlarTuli mat design/pattern

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~erTmaneTSi Caxveuli wreebi interlac- ~naZerwi stucco ornament

ing circles ~ ~ bageti moulding
~vazis ulvaSisebri=lerwisebri ten- ~nawiburi=wibo fillet=listel
drill-like motif ~naWdevebis notching
~zanuri/zenuri xviebi double curl (run- ~ ~ sartyeli line of notching
ing spiral,scroll,volute) design ~naWdevi curved (impressed,sigilate)
~zigzagi lenturi band-like zigzag ~ pattern,incised feature(s)
~zoli cordon pattern, appliqué ~ ~ xazebis incised (with) lines
~zoomorfuli zoomorphic pattern ~niJara shell design
~Tevzis qerclisebri scale ~ ~ ~ maraosebri fan-like shell canopy
~Tevzifxuri=grigala herring-bone motif
decoration ~ ~ savarcxela scallop-shell canopy ~
~Tvala netted design ~ormagxvia double spiral/volute design
~TiTiT gakeTebuli rusticated ~ ~ ~ gvirgvinis/lavgardanis qveS
~Tokisebri(ix.bawrisebri) corded ornam- modillion with double volute=scroll
ent modillion
~inkrustacia inlaid design ~ ~ damarbilebeli as a mitigating do-
~kalaTaSroSanisebri formis n sing/ uble helix for sth
pl Lat. calathus/calathi ~ ~ostaturad gamosaxuli elaborately patt-
~kvercxi(sebri) egg/ovolo design terned
~kibis(ebri) ladder motif ~peplisebri design of butterfly triangles
~kiborCxalis sacecisebri lobster claw ~parketisebri parquet design
lobe ~reliefi(ix.reliefuri) relief decora-
~kiduli/Sveuli xazebi lines pendant tion
from the rim ~ ~ brtyeli flat relief
~kldeze nakveTi carved pecked motif,pet- ~ ~ dabali bas(low/shallow) ~
roglyph ~ ~ kedlis wall ~
~kopebi bosses,bulgs,knobs,warts ~ ~ maRali high ~
~koWa/koWisebri reel pattern ~ ~ msubuqi light/low relief ~
~kubokruli chequered pattern ~ ~ natvifri stamped ~ ~
~laqaSisebri reeding ~ ~ ~ ormxrivi double ~ ~
~lentur-Sevronuli band and chevron ~ ~ ornamentuli ornamental ~
design ~ ~ Rarebis grooving ~
~lenturi band stamps/band-like ~ ~ ~ cru false relief decoration
~ ~ zigzagi band-like zigzag ~ ~reliefuri relief decoration,emblema/
~lerwisebri=vazis ulvaSisebri tend- emblemata design Lat.
ril-like motif ~rvianis formis figure eight motif
~malturi jvrisebri Maltese-Cross ~ ~rTuli/uxvi opulent decoration
~martivi simple design ~ ~ foTlis nawili n foliole
~mdidruli rich/sophisticated decoration ~rigebis sartyeli belt of rangs
~mTavari=wamyvani key pattern ~rombebi(T) rhombi design
~mravalferovanibewildering array of motifs ~rombuli xveulebi design of reticulated
~mcenareuli floral design design rhombi
~ ~ wnuli entwined vegetation ~ ~S formis S-motif,sigmate design
~nadirobis scenebi hunting pattern(s) ~savarcxlisebri(ix.niJara) comb imp-
~nakawri comb pattern ression ornament
~nakawrebis erToblioba series of ~ ~ nakadebis comb-shaped stream-like
scratches design
~nakveTi cut/faceted design, opus ~ ~ natvifri design of comb-shaped
interralize stamps=stamped design
~naoWebis design of gathers/puffs ~ ~ wertilovani comb-shaped dotted ~
~naCvretebiani perforated design ~samkuTxedebis bade cross hatchured trian-

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gles ~cxovelis saxis ornamentation in a form

~sanadiro scenebiT hunting motif of an animal shape
~sartyeli band/belt design ~cxoveluri animal design
~ ~ Cawneuli interwoven bands ~Zunwi artless(humble,simple) decoration
~ ~ CaWdeuli recessed band ~ ~wertilebi TeTri pastiT Sevsebuli
~ ~ Caxveuli interlaced bands white-filled pointileé design
~ ~ xazebis belt of lines ~ ~ wvrili rows of neat dots
~safexuredi stepped ~ ~wertilTa rigebi rows of dots in several
~ ~ svetze/Senobaze rings bands
~saxis gamosaxulebiani face design ~wertilovan-texili dotted broken-line
~sworxazovan-geometriuli rectilinear- design
geometric ~ ~wertilovani dotted pattern,pointileè des-
~talRisebri curveliniar/rippled decoration ign,punctuate ornamentation,stripple ~
~texili xazebis rocker pattern ~wertilovanis msagavsi likewise in
~ ~ wertilovani beads of slanting poitileè~
puncture line ~wiwvisebri pine-tree pattern
~totisebri cauliculus/cauliculi (Lat) ~wminda xis entwined vegetation of a sacred
design tree design
~faris shield ~ ~wnuli guilloche design
~farflisebri flipper-shaped motif ~wreebi erTmaneTSi Caxveuli design
~figuruli figural design of interlacing circles
~foTliani/foTlovani foil design/pattern, ~wreebis decoration of lockrings,penanular
leaf(y)motif/pattern,palmette/petalled design
motif ~wyvetili xazebis design of distinct jabs,
~foTlis meoTxedi quarter round recto punctured pattern
~foTlovani leafy/palmette design,foliage ~Wadrakuli chess/chequered design
~ ~ xvia design of leafy tendril ~xazebis erToblioba series of scratches
~fosoebi pattern with pits of sunken dots, ~ ~ sartyeli belt(s) of ranges
pitted decoration,cavetto motif, ~xazTa konebis design of boxes of stripes
dimple pattern ~xazovan-meandruli liniar-meander design
~foCebi/funjebi fringy ~ ~ ~ nakveTi liniar-cut ~
~frinvelis bid decoration ~ ~ wertilovani liniar and punctured ~
~frCxilis modillion,thumbnail curved line ~xazovani liniar ~
~frCxilisebri finger nail/nail-shaped de- ~xazovani frizi liniar frieze ~
sign ~xaris Tavis bucranium ~
~qerclisebri scale pattern ~xvia gaSlili loose coils
~qviT nagebi stone-built design ~xvia ornamentuli cartouche
~qsovilis textile design ~xviebis curlicue design
~Rarebi reliefuri grooving relief ~xveulebis scroll/curvilinear pattern
~Rari canal, sima (Gr) ~xorblis marcvlisebri wheat-shaped
~Rariani=daRaruli chased pattern pattern,grain motif
~yvavili fleuron ~xSiri Sevronebis ornament of multiply
~yvavilovani(ix.kalaTa) floral pattern chevrons
~Sereuli bewildering array of motifs ~javSnisebri(meomris) trophy design
~Sveuli xazebis lines pendant from the rim ornamentiT adv by decoration/ornamentation
~Sida ornamenti interior decoration ornamentirebuli adj adorned,decorated,
~CaWdeuli sartyeli recessed band fancy,ornamented
pattern ~gadaWarbebulad drastic/exuberant deco-
~CaWrili curved design ration/ornamentation
~CaxlarTuli intricate/involved ~ ~uxvad highly ornamented
~CxiriT gakeTebuli rusticated decoration ornamentis gareSe=uornamento adj un-
~cvara bead(ed) design,granulation decorated
~gareSe unadorned,undecorated

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~dasatani borbali n roulette ~xelsawyos mkeTebeli n toolmaker

~saxe n design,motif,pattern ostatoba n artisan skill,craft in..,craftsman-
~ ~ gamqrali kill-off pattern ship,masterhood/ship,mastery,skill,
~ ~ dadgenili/damkvidrebuli set pat- ingenuity,enduring feat,prowess,
tern workmanship
ornamentuli adj decorative (pieces) ~daxvewili skilled craftsmanship
~saxeebi decorative schemes =xelovaneba craft in,skill,workmanship
~ ~ yvelaze xSiri representational des- ostatobis gamovlena display high level of
ign skill
ornamentSi Casma/Cawera adj insert ~mwvervali n sing. usu. acme
ornawiliani(ix.yalibi) adj two-piece/part ostaturad adv deftly,elaborately,masterly,
oroli(s)(ix.Subi) n lance,spear skilfuly
~mtyorcneli n spear-thrower ostaturi adj enduring,skilful
or-orad(ix.wyvilad) adv two-by-two osteoqondrozi n osteohondromatose
orpolusiani adj two-pole osuariumi n sing/pl Lat. ossuarium/ossuarii
orprotomiani adj double-protomed oforti(s) n etching
orrqiani adj two-horned ~keTeba v itch
orsagduliani(ix.kari) adj bivalve oqra/oqris n adj ochre,sienna
orsaTavsiani/senakiani adj double-chamber ~Savi n adj bog-ore
orsafexuriani adj two-grade/stage oqro(ix.oqros(i),feri) n gold
orsaxovani adj two-faced ~bajaRlo n adj 24 carat(pure,solid) ~
orsvetiani adj two-columned/spindled ~mkrTali n adj electrum
orsorsoliani adj double-barelled ~rifebis n reef gold
orsulad adv be pregnant with… ~furclovani n adj gold foil
orsuli(ix.samarxSi) adj pregnant ~Cveulebrivi n adj 14 carat ~
orsqesiani adj bisexual oqromkedi(s) n adj gold thread
ortesebri adj beamed,double-crutch ~yalbi n adj tensil
orfeniani adj two-layered oqromWedeli n goldsmith
orferda adj gable oqromWedloba=saiuveliro saqme n
orferi adj bichrome goldsmithary,jewellery
orfrTiani(ix.kari) adj olonnade oqromWedlobis skola school of ~
orfurcela adj two-petalled oqropiri n adj divine,gold-mouthed,Chry-
orfxiani=orlesuli adj double-bladed sostom (Gr)
orRara adj double-chanelled oqros(i) adj gold
orRerZiani adj two-spindled ~varayi n adj tensil
orRobe n country-road,lane ~zodi gold bullion
orSabaTi(mTovarisa,MmTvare) n Monday ~Tmiani adj golden-haired
orSimo(ix.gogra) n goud ~kveTa golden section
orCliqiani adj clown-footed ~madani gold ore
orZarRva adj twin-core ~maragi ~ reserve
orwaxnaga adj two-sided/faceted ~masa fulSi bulk gold
orwevri adj binominal ~maZiebeli gold digger
orwvera adj double-pin ~nakeToba goldwork,sth made of gold
orwneliani adj double-twig ~nivTebi ~ ; gold objects
orxelisuflebianoba n diarchy ~recxva gold washing
osana Hossana ~sabado/sarewi gold field,placer
ospi(s)=ugrexeli(s) n adj lentil, Lens cu- ~salaro ~ mine
linaris Lat. ~samkauli jewellery=jewelry
ostati(ix.xelosani) n artisan,craftsman, ~saukune golden age
master ~sawmisi ~ fleece
~gamocdili(daxelovnebuli/mowifuli) ~urdo ~ Hord
master,skilled craftsman ~firfita/folga gold foil/leaf

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~ ~ mrgvali ~ plaque palimfsesti n palimpsest

~feri/ferad moelvare goldish palinologia n palinology/palynology
~frTiani gold-winged palitra(ix.ferTa gama) n palette
~yaiTani ~ lace palma/palmis n adj palm-tree
~Semcveli ~ bearing palmeta n palmette
~ ~ qviSa ~ dust/sand palo n peg, picket
~Sualedi golden mean panagea=panagia n panagia
~ZarRvi gold(bearing) vein panaSvidi n dirge
~wesi Golden rule pandusi(fr) n ramp, slope
~wvima ~ shower panegiriki n panegyric
~xelebi skilful hands panelebad/panelebianiadv adj empanneled
oqrouloba n goldwork,jewellery=jewelery paneli(ix.cokoli) n panel(ing)=wainscot
oqroferili/curvili adj gilded,gold-pla- ~mosapirkeTebeli n face-board
ted ~naxevardiumiani board=1,27 cm.
oqroqsovili(s) n adj gold-cloth/spun panTeoni n pantheon
oqrocercva(si) n adj pie pano n panel,plaque
oqsino(si)(ix.eklesiis) n adj gold-woven panta vaSli(s) n adj wild apple
oqtomberi(ix.mwifobisa,sTvlisa,tiriska- ~msxali/msxlis ~ pear
ni,Rvinobisa) n October papi n Pope
oRro-CoRro adj bumpy,full of holes papirologi n papyrologist
ocobiTi Tvla n vegisimal system papirologia n papyrology
owinari(ix.Wa) n shadoof,sweep, winch, papirusi(s)(mcenare,qaRaldi,Zv.teqstebi)
wind-lass n adj papyrus=papyrus/payri (Lat)
oxeri=sabralo adj homeless, poor papis adj Pope‟s, papal
oxraxuSi(s) n adj parsley=Petroselium cris- papoba n papacy
pum Lat. paraklisi(s) n public prayer,trental
~veluri chervil, Anthriscus crispum Lat. ~gadaxda v n serve, service
ojaxi(ix.samefo) n domus,family, household paraleli n v comparable,parallel
=saxli/fuZe n family, hearth paralelurad adv sth runs parallel with sth
~calke nuclear family paraleluri adv adj parallel
ojaxis adj domestic ~droSi simultaneously
~ufrosi n head of the family ~mihyveba sth runs parallel
ojaxoba n family, home ~Soreuli a far cry from…
=saqmianoba n householding/keeping parametri n parameter
ojaxuri adj domestic,family,household parapeti n parapet
~cxovreba n domesticity ~saTofurebiT n battlement
~wre family circle paraskevi(diosisa,venera) n Friday
~wiTeli n Good Friday
p pariki n wig
parki(ix.abreSumis) n bag, package
paginacia n numbering (of) pages = baRi n park(land)
paemani n appoint(arrange/engage)(ment) parkosnebi(mcenare) n pl beans,legumes,
paiki n pawn leguminous plants,hulled,pulses,Legimi-
paiWi(s)=paWiWi(ix.paWanaki) n gaiter,leg- nosa/Legiminisae Lat.
ging parkosnis CurCa n hull, pod
~samagri gaiter strap parfiumeria n perfume
palata n chamber pasaJi n arcade, passage
=sacavi n Armoury Museum ~lit/mus. n passage
palati=darbazi=sasaxle n hall, palace paskvili n bill
=saxlis qveda sarTuli n groundfloor pasportizacia v n ger certify/certification,
palestra n sing/pl Lat. palestra/palestrae document(ation),label(ing)
pasportizebuli adj certified,documented,

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labeled patruqi n wick

pasta/pastis n adj paste paqti n pact
~miniseburi glaze ~ pawawina adj diminutive,minute, tiny
pastoforiumi n sing/pl Lat. pastophor- paWanaki n strap
ium/pastophorii pemza/pemzis n adj pumice stone
pasqalia n paschal cycle/tables pentva v scotch
patara(ix.cida) adj little, small pepera n great grandfather
patarZali=dedofali(ix.nefe) n bride perangi(s)(ix.jaWvis) n shirt
~dobili n bridesmaid,maid of honour ~gulispiri n shirt-front
patieba(ix.codvis) v excuse,forgive,pardon ~qvis(gare) stone dressing/facing
pativayriloba n atimia ~ ~ (Siga) fettling
pativi n honour(s),homage,respect pergamenti(s)(naweri teqsti) n adj parch-
pativis migeba(ix.Rirsi) v pay one‟s res- ment,pergament (Germ.)
pect(homage,tribute) to sb periodebad dayofa v n divide/division into
~micvalebulisaTvis pay (a) tribute(s)/last periods
respect to sb periodi n part/period of time,stage
pativiscema n v admire,do homage,esteem ~moicavs the period embraces/spans
sb,hold veneration,have respect for sb, ~sawyisi initial period of sth
pay (a) tribute ~wina prelude
pativiscemis gamomxatveli adj honorific ~winare preceding period, period after a
~niSani mark of favour short period, in the wake of…
~sagani venerated object periodizaciav n devide/division into periods
pativsacemad adv in honour perioduli adj periodical
~Seqmna ramis design sth ~ ~ perioduloba n recurrent
patimari n prisoner perimetri n perimeter
~gaqceuli n fugitive peripetia n sing/pl La. peripeteia/peripetia
patimris Sewyaleba n clemency peripteri n peripteros
patimroba n imprisonment peripteruli adj peripteral
~samudamo n v lifer,sentence sb to life,jail peristili n peristyle
for life peristiluri adj perisstylon
patina/patinis(ix.Jangi) n adj patina periferia(ze) n adv periphery, on the ~
~avi common(malignant,pernicious) ~ periferiulad adv peripherially
~keTilSobili noble ~ periferiuli adv peripherial
patiniT dafarva v patinate, tarnish personali n board,personale,personnel,staff
~dafaruli adj patinated, tarnished personaJi n character,personage
patiosani(ix.Tvali) adj fair,honest personifikacia=pirovnebad qceva v n
~adamiani straight man personify,personification
~brZola ~ fight ~raime abstraqtulisa n Gr. prosopopeia
~sityva word of honour personificirebuli adj personified
patiosneba n fairness,honesty,piety perspeqtiva n perspective,prospects
patriarqati n patriarchat ~moxazva v ger foreshorten(ing)
patriarqi n (Gr) patriarch(os) peSvi n cupped hand
patrikiosi n patrician, patrikios (Gr) ~mag.fqvili n handful
patriciusi n patricius pewi n gloss, zest
patronaJiT... in sb‟s charge pigmenti n pigment
patronati/patronatuli n adj patronatus pikze adv at the peak
patroni n holder,master,overlord,superior pilastri(ix.TaRis) n pilaster
=mfarveli n patron piloni n Gr. pillar,pylon
~ramis n owner,proprietor naxevar ~ n respond
patronike n gallery piradad adv in person, personally
patronoba v n own,patron,patronage for… piradi adj confidential,own,personal,private
patronymoba n superiority ~sakuTreba personal/private possession/

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property pirvelobaSi Secileba v contest

~Semadgenloba stuff pirvelobis xana n days of one‟s prime
~wyena personal invective piri(ix.samuSao,tyis) n mouth
piramida/piramiduli n adj pyramid =adamiani=pirovneba n individual,person
pirati/piratoba n pirate, piracy ~iaraRis/xelsawyosi working end
piraqeTa=gadmoRma pref. cis(eg Caucasia) ~momqmedi n character,dramatic personae
piraRma adv backwards,on one‟s back,supine ~mWreli n blade-let,bush
pirbade n veil ~saero n civilian,layman,mundane
pirdapir adv actually,definitely,directly,parti- ~sasuliero n clergyman
cularly,really,literary,straightforwardly ~saxe n face
pirdapiri(ix.STamomavali) adj direct, im- ukuRma ~ adj wrong side
mediate,straight(forward),strict Sida ~ adj inner covering/surface
~analogi direct analogy/parallel waRma ~ adj right ~
~cnoba firsthand information wina ~ adj front
pirdapiroba n directness,frontality piriani adj bladed
pirdaRebuli=pirRia adj open-mouthed =patiosani adj honest
pirvandeli adj first,initial,original piriT... adv sb/sth facing…
pirvel... particle/pref first,primary,proto… pirimxare n front/right side
~mniSvnelovani adj sth of primary importa- pirisagan miwisa wipe of the face of the
nce earth
~mosuli n firstcomer pirispir adv v confronted sith sth,face(ing)
~rigSi adv firstly,primarily each other,face to face,opposed
~sataxto adj the first/oldest capital piriqiTa=gadaRma pref. cis… (eg Caucasia)
~samSoblo n proto-home piroba n v condition,promise
~sawyisi n antecedent,beginning,initial,ori- pirobebi(s) n pl usu. circumstances,conditi-
ginal,primary,pioneering,the root, ons
spring-well ~povnis the find circumstances of sth
~qmnili adj primary,primaveral,primitive,pri- ~samuSao working conditions
mordial ~saukeTeso adj optimum
~yofili adj primaveral,primitive,early hu- ~saWiro requisite ~
man,savage ~Sesabamisad under ~
~yofileba n savagery ~cxovrebis living ~
~wodebuli(mag.andria) pillar apostle ~ ~ Cveuli uniform conditions/housing
~wyaro(ix.cnoba) n first/initial principle,first- pirobiTad adv conventionally,relatively
hand evidence/information,primary pirobiTi adj conventional,provisional
origine/source
pirobiToba n convention
~xalxi n proto folk
pirovneba n individual,person(ality)
~xarisxovani adj (sth of) first class/rite
pirovnebis dadgena v establish
~ ~ mniSvnelobis (sth of) paramount
pirovnuloba n personality
importance
pirvelad adv efficiently,firstly,formarly,for pirometalurgia n pyrometallurgy
the first time,originally,at first pironebiani adj dovetailed
pirveladve adv originally pironi n dowel
pirveladi adj immemorial,original,pioneer- piropi(s) n adj pyrope
ing,primordial,primary(ly) piroteqnologia n pyrotechnology
pirveli adj earliest,efficient,earliest,first,fo- piruku adv contrariwise,counterrevolution
rmative,foremost,initial,maiden,original pirutyvi n animal,beast
pioneer(ing),the premier pirqve adv inverted, upside down
~gamoCena the earliest manifestation of sth ~garTxma v n prostrate/prostration
oridan ~ adj the former ~garTxmuli adj prostrate(d)
pirveloba n supremacy pirRia adj gaping mouth,open-mouthed
~gadadis... ~ passes to… pirSuSxa(si) n adj horse-radish=Cochlearia
~sportuli n championship,competition armoracia (Lat)

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pirwminda(si)(balaxi) n adj horehound, ~ormagi straddle/straddling ~

Ajuga reptans L, Marrubium vulgare ~swori correct/proper ~
pirwmindad adv completely, totally politikosi n politician
pirwavardnili adj egregious politikuri adj political
pirjvari n (sign of) cross ~gadatrialeba/Zvrebi n upheaval(s)
pirjvris gadawera v cross/sign oneself ~daZabuloba political constrait(s)
~sami TiTiTmark the sign with three fingers ~duRili n passion
pitiaxSi n Pers. Pitiax ~erTeuli n polity
pitna baRis n adj mint(s), Menta ssp Lat. ~viTareba political situation
peppermint, Mentapiperita Lat. ~TamaSi play political hand
~veluri=viris pitna n adj oregano, ~iaraRi ~ weapon
Origanum majorana Lat. ~monapovari n spoils
piqtografiuli adj pictograph,picture ~upiratesoba v n dominate/domination
writing poliqromuli adj polychromic(al)
pkureba v imbue,sprinkling of sb polotiki=samkerde iaraRi n breast
plagiati v n plagiarize.plagiarism armour
plani n plane pontifiki n sing/pl Lat. pontifex/pontificis
~ukana (against/on) background portali n portal
~wina foreground,front portiki n porch,portico
planSeti n plane-table portikiani adj porticoed
plastika=xelovneba n (the) plastic arts portreti(s) n adj icon,portrait
~mcire n minor art ~Tavis ~ head
~ ~ nimuSi n figurative moulding ~mxatvroba n portraiture
plastikuri adj fluent, plastic portretisti n portraitist
~gamosaxuleba figurative representation portretuli adj iconic,portrait
plastikuroba n plasticity ~gamosaxuleba v n depict(ion)
plastilini(s) n adj plasticine ~elementi v iconic element
plato n sing/pl Lat. plateaux/plateau, tab- porfiri(s) n adj porphyry
le-land,upland ~mwvane n adj greenstone
pleada n constellation ~samefo n mantle
plebei/plebeuri n adj plebeian ~wiTeli n adj purple ~
pleqtra n sing/pl Lat. plectrum/plectra postoforiumi n sing/pl Lat. postoporium/
plinTusi n plinth postoporii
podiumi(ix.safexuredi) n podium/podia prasi(s)=prasa n adj leek= Allium porrum
poezia poetry, verse (Lat)
~zepiri oral poetry presbiteriumi n sing/pl Lat. presbiterium/
povna v detect,find,pin down,retrieve presbiterii
~SeiZleba v detectable prestiJi/prestiJuli n adj prestige/pres-
poza n condition,pose,posture,state,stance tigious
~Tavisufali easy,natural,relaxed ~saqoneli prestige goods
=manera n condition,pose,stance pretori n praetor,praetorius Lat.
~mdgomare standing posture,stance pretoria n sing/pl Lat. praetorium/praetorii
~mwolare reclining posture prefeqti n prefect
~mjdomare seated ~ priala adj glossy,lustrous,polished,shining
~taxtze mjdomi enthroned ~nakleb adj low shine
pozaSi/pozis dayeneba v pose priali n v gloss,luster,shine
pozicia n attitude,position prizma/prizmuli n adj prisma(tic)
poligonaluri adj polygonal principati n principate, principatus
polisi n Gr. polis,polity principi n maxim,principle,tenet
politia n Gr. politia ~ZiriTadi n fundamentals
politika n policy principia n principium
~mcdari erroneous ~ programa n programme,sullabus/sullabi (Lat)

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produqti n output,product ~savaWro trading station

~gverdiTi/Tanmdevi n by-product ~samxedro/sayrdeni (strong) point
~lpobis decay product puri(s) n adj bread
~meoradi adj secondary ~ ~da Rvinis gadaqceva qristes xorcad
~mTavari adj staple ~ da sisxlad v n consecrate(ion)
~narCeni waste products ~nakurTxi n eulogia
~saboloo end/final product ~safuvriani adj unleavened bread
~Sualeduri intermediate ~ ~usafuvro adj leavened ~
produqtiuli adj efficient ~qerqi(s) n adj crust
produqtiuloba n afficiency purni winadagebisani(msgefsamde yovel
proeqti(s) n device,draft,project SabaTs trapeze ideba 12 puri, ro-
~avtori n planner melsac miirTmevs marto mRvdeli
~gakeTeba/Sedgena v design,identify n shewbread
~wamyvani/winaswari pilot project puroba n banquit,feast
provincia=qveynis kuTxen cantone,province ~eklesiaSi church feast
provinciuli adj cantonal,provincial pwkaredi(Targmani) n horse
proza n narration,prose
prozaikosi n novelist J
prozauli=usaxuri adj unimaginative
prozelitizmi n proselytism Jadeiti(s) n adj jade
prokonsuli n sing/pl Lat. proconsul/pro- JamTaaRmwereli n chronicler
consulares Jami(ix.wirva) n time (for sty)
prokonsulTa adj proconsularis Jamianoba=Wiri n pest,plague
prokuratori n procurator Jamn-gulani n Gradual
propileioni n propylaen Jamni(9 wigni) n Book of Hours
proporciebi n pl usu. proportions Jangva v corrode,patinate,rust
~dawolili recumbent ~ Jangi(s)(ix.patina) n adj rust
~daxvewili accurate(delicate,refined,sophi- ~moSoreba v (re)furbish
sticated) ~; sth elaborate/wellpro- Jangiani adj patinated, rusted,rusty
portioned Jangmia/miwis n adj ochre
proporciuli adj proportional,wellpropor- Janri n genre, plot
tioned Jasmini=ucveTela n adj jasmin
proskenioni n Gr. proskenion
Jesti n gesture
proskeniumi n sing/pl Lat. proscenium/pros-
Jolo(s) n adj raspberry,crimson berry, Ru-
cenii; proscaenium
bus ida eus Lat.
proskomidia(ix.samkveTlo) sacrifice/sacri-
Jolosa da mayvlis hibridi n adj logan-
fial on the credence table
berry
prostili n Gr. prostylos
Jonva v n leak(age)
proto... pref. proto…
JRaruna n adj rattle,rattling,trinket
protoma n curved in protome,protome
JRera v chime
profesionali adj skilled
JReradi=mJReri adj voiced
profili n profile
JRurtuli v n chirrup,mattin
~msubuqi delicate/gentle ~
~sagnis/Senobis n elevation r
S ~ S - profile rabi=Sluzi n floodgate,lock
profilirebuli adj profilered,profiler (Fr) rabi(ni) n rabbi
profilSi adv in profile,profile view radiokarbonati(s)/radiokarbonuli n
procesia n procession adj carbon radioactive
puansoni=punsoni n poinconè (Fr) raza n click,latch
punqti n paragraph,point raindi(ix.kurTxeva) n knight
~amosavali/sawyisi starting point raindoba(ix.xana) n chivalry
~bolo n terminal raindulad adv chivalrously, in manner of

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chivalry ~vake adj plane ~ ~

rainduli adj chivalrous ~maRalmTiani adj highland terrain
raioni n district ~mTagoriani/mTiani adj mountaineous ~;
rapira n (sword) rapier rugged highlands landscape(terrain/top-
rafa n window sill ography)
rbili=lbili(ix.xasiaTi) adj mild,soft, ~rTuli adj tangled highland
tender ~swori adj flat/plain ~
rbilobi(ix.mcenaris) n soft part of sth ~wyalqveSa adj under-water ~
rgoli(ix.xelis) n coil,hoop,link,ring(let) reliefiT... adv sth in relief
Sua ~ middle ring reliefis keTeba v relieve
rgolisebri adj annular ~keTebis teqnika repousee technique
realgari(s) n adj realgar reliefurad adv sth in clear-cut manner
realur(i) adj actual,factual,real ~dakruli n sing/pl Lat. emblema/emb-
~pirovneba a potentially identifiable/real lemata
individual ~nakveTi adj glyph
regalia n sing/pl Lat. regale/regalia reliefuri adj embossed/repose work/relief,
regenti n regent sth in relief
redaqtori n editor ~namuSevari embossed/raised work
~mTavari GGeneral Editor relikvariumi n sing/pl Lat. reliquarium/re-
redaqcia n editorial office liquarii
~teqstis v ger n edify,editing,redaction relikvia n sing/pl Lat. reliquia/reliquiae
=sxvagvari wakiTxva v n edit(ion),interpr- reliqti/reliqturi n adj relic
et(ation),recension of the text rema(ix.cxeni,cxenis) n sing/pl Lat. equi-
redkolegia n editorial board tium/equitii
revandi(s) n adj rhubarb, Rheum (Lat) renesansi n Renaissance, renaissance
reversi=zurgi n pile,reverse repertuari(s) n adj repertoire=repertory
reziume n abstract,resumé,summary,syno- reproduqcia v n reproduce,reproduction
psis/synopses (n sing/pl Lat) ~naxatis reproduce painting
rekva v ger clang(ing),ring(ing) reskripti=imperatoris werilobiTi pa-
~zaris v n chime,peal,toll suxi mimarTvaze,romelsac kanonis
rekonstruqcia v n reconstruct(ion),res- Zala aqvs n sing/pl Lat. rescriptum/
tore/restoration rescriptumi
religia n religion resursebis saWiroeba n covet resourses
~წarmarTuli n superstition resursi(T) n reserve,resource(s)
religiamdeli adj prelerigion ~mdidari adj resourse rich
religiis msaxureba religious practices ~Raribi adj ~ poor
~miReba v adopt,embrace restavratori n restorer
religiuri(ix.cxovreba) adj pious,religious, restavracia v n restore/restoration,retrieve
sacred retuSi(s)(keTeba) n ger flacke/retouch(ing)
~gamosaxuleba n religious expression(s) ~(a)wneviTi pressure ~
~grZnoba n ~ sensibility ~brtyeli plain ~
~Tanamdebobis piri ~ official ~gamafxianebeli sharpening ~
~saqmianoba n ~ activity ~gamTanabrebeli levelling ~
~Sewirva ~ dedication ~gamrandavi planning ~
~CarCoebi ~ precincts ~dakbiluli notching/pronging ~
~wyoba ~ institutions ~damablagvebeli blunting ~
reliefi(ix.ornamenti,xis) n relief ~damasrulebeli finishing ~
~beqobiani adj sloping/steepy ~ ~damreci sloping ~
~borcviani adj downy/hilly ~ ~dartymiTi blowing ~
~brtyeli.swori adj planar relief ~dawneviTi pressure ~
~daserili/daRaruli adj broken/indented ~irgvlivi circular ~
~daxrili adj sloping terrain ~ ~kidis edge(marginal/rib) ~

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~kontrdartymiTi counter-blowing ~ ~Camwkrivebuli (sth arranged in) street

~kontrolirebadi controlled ~ type
~meoradi secondary ~ ~ Cawyoba v n align(ed)(ment)
~mkafio/mkveTri abrupt/sharp ~ riza n cope,planet,vestment
~msxvili coarse/large-scale ~ rizaliti n (Ital) risalita
~mcocavi creeping ~ rikuli n bar, baluster
~nawilobrivi partial ~ rioliti=lipariti(s) n adj rhyolite
~naxevradRrma half-deep ~ riski n v hazard,peril(s),risk
~naxevradcicabo half abrupt/steep ~ risxva v n fly into rage,proscription
~oriarusiani distaged/double stage ~ ritorika/ritorikuli n adj rhetoric(a)
~ormxrivi bifacet(ed) ~ ritorikis gareSe adv to talk not posture
~pirimxaris front/right side ~ rituali(s)(ix.wesi) n ceremony,ritual,rite
~regularuli=wesieri regular ~ ~dakrZalvis funerary rite/ritual
~solutreuli Solutrean ~ ~dacva observe the ritual,observance of ritual
~uwesrigo irregular ~ practice
~Rrma deep ~ ~Tanaxmad adv ritually
~Canatexebiani ~ with breakings ~saidumlo mysterious ritual
~calmxrivi nonbiface ~ ~Sesruleba v perform/practice ~
~cicabo abrupt/steep ~ ~xangrZlivi protracted ~
~wvrili/wminda fine ~ ritualurad adv ritually
~Wavlisebri current ~ ritualuri adj ceremonial,cult,ritual(ized),
retuSis keTeba v ger fleke/retouch(ing), sacral
work over ~danawevreba v ritual destruction through
~ostati/xelsawyo n flaker burial
retuSori(piriani) n chisel-like ~ riye/riyis(ix.qva) n adj daw bank of the river
referati n abstract,essay ricxvi(ix.cifri) n figure,numeral,number,
recenzenti n reviewer quantity
recenzia n review; v criticize,review =TariRi n date
recepti n prescription,recipe ~iracionaluri irrational number
rehani(ix. SaSkvlavi) n adj basil, Ocinum ~kenti odd ~
basilicum Lat ~luwi even ~
rvakuTxa n adj octagon(al) ~martivi prime ~
rvawaxnaga n adj octahedron,octahedral ~mTeli whole ~
rvianis formis adj figure-eight,sigmate ~racionaluri rational ~
rTva v ger spin(ing) ~ukana antedate
rTveli n v harvest,vintage ~wina postdate
rTulad adv inextricably ricxobrivi adj numerical
rTuli adj alusive,complex,complicated, ~upiratesoba ~ superiority
compound,curlicue,difficult,elaborate, ricxovnoba n amount(s),number of sb/sth
opulent,problematic,sophisticated rkali n ark,bow,brooch circle,ferrule,fillet,ro-
rig... adv certain,desperate=disperate,some undel,shaft
riggareSe adj out of turn,(exra)ordinary,em- ~amoRaruli/CaWdeuli recessed circle
ergency ~gadajvaredinebuli crossbow ~
rigi... adj considerable… ~zeviT gaxsnili upward open ~
rigi(ix.xazi) n array,order,range,rank,row,a ~marcxniv ~ circle open on the left
series of… ~marjvniv ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ right
=wyeba n course,file of,line,queue,row ~qveviT ~ downward open circle
~wyobaSi(aguris/qvis) n course of rkalis garSemo adv around the circumfere-
rigiTi adj common,ordinary nce
rigis mixedviT adv in a ranked order ~Sida mxare inner part of an arch/a hoop
rigSi(a) adv in the line(queue/stroke) rkalisebri adj arched,bowshaped,circu-
igive ~ adv on the same line lar,penannular

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rkaluri adj arched,bowshaped ~banakis mTavari moedani=mxedarTmTav-

rkina(ix.rkinis) n iron ris karavi=samxedro sabWo=Stabi
~betoni(s) ferro-concrete,reinforces concrete n sing/pl Lat. praetorium/praetoriumi
~ madneuli(s) ~ ore rombi n sing/pl Lat. rhomb/rhombi
~meteoruli n adj meteoric iron rombisebri/rombuli(ix.ornamenti) adj
rkinanarevi adj ferriferous rhomb-shaped
rkinaqva/qvis n adj iron-stone rostra n sing/pl Lat. rostrum/rostra
rkiniT SeWedili adj iron-bound rotonda n rotonda
rkinis(ix.Wedva,xana) adj iron roWo n capercailzie
~gamoyeneba v ger iron-use(ing) rto=toti=Sto n branch
~damuSaveba v iron-working technology rtoebiani adj branchy
~damuSavebis daxvewa mastering of ~ ~ ruka n map
~daferva v ger iron-plate(ing) rukaze datana v plot/trace on
~dnoba v ger found(ing),melt(ing) ~saxelis SenarCuneba v keep the name
~madani/madnis n adj iron ore(s) on the map
~ ~ motana v ger bring(ing) ores ~Strixi n hatchure
~ ~ Semcveli adj iron bringing ore(s) rukis keTeba v ger map(ing)
~madnidan gamodnoba v ger bloom(ing) rumbi(ix.tiki) n water/wine skin (usu.made
~masiuri warmoeba massive process of of ox-hide)
iron working rustika/rusti n rusticus
~miReba v n procure(ment) of ore/iron rustikis keTeba v n rusticate(ion)
~oqsidi(s) n adj oxide ore rqa/rqis=rqisebri Sverili(ix.sayviri) n
~pirveli niSani first trickle of iron adj horn
~saidumlo n secret of iron ~basri n adj sweeping horn(s)
~saxelosno iron founding, foundry ~garsi(s)=rqovana(si) n adj cornea
~sulfidi(s) n adj sulphide ore ~siuxvis Horn of Abundance/Plenty,cor-
~farTo gavrceleba great expansion of nucopia ( n sing/pl Lat)
rqamotexili adj polled
iron use,broad distribution of iron ore(s)
~Semosvla n emergence/introduction of iron rqebdagrexili adj with horns bent
~Semcveli containing iron,ferruginous rRveva v n confound,destroy/destruction,de-
rko(si) n adj acorn deteriorate/deterioration
ryeva v n ger fluctuate/fluctuation,lumbast
rkosebri adj acorn-shaped
(ing),sway,upheaval
rodini(s)=qvasanayi(s) n grinding bowl,
=rxeva v ger shake(ing)
mortar
rCeba v remains,survives
~qva/qvis=filTaqva n adj pastle,pounder
rCeva v n advise/advice,recommend(ation),
rozmarini(s) n adj rosemary=Rosmarinus
suggest(ion)
offIcinalis (Lat)
~faseuli helpful suggertion
rokaili n rocaille Fr.
rCeuli(ix.Sromebi) adj distinguished,outst-
roli(s) n part,role
anding,selected,significant,terse
~gansazRvruli adj designated role
rCilva=darCilva v ger solder(ing) on
~Sesruleba v figure
rCilviT Casmuli adj inserted
~TamaSi v play a role
rcxila/rcxilis n adj beech-tree,Car-
rom conj. But
pinus Caucasicus Lat.
romaeli mxedarTmTavris karavi n sing/pl rZe/rZis(ix.feri) n adj milk
praetorium/ praetoriumi Lat. ~qalis n adj breast ~
romani(nawarmoebi) n novel
~mowvela v milk
=siyvaruli n romance
rwmena n belief(in sth),consept,convention(s)
romanuli adj Italic,Romany,Romanus,Ro-
Creed,faith,persuasion,tonet
mance ~aRiarebuli adj associate(d)
~enebi (the) Romance languages
~warmodgenebi n pl usu. beliefs
~orderi Italic order
rwmenaSi ganmtkiceba(ix.udreki) v be con-
romauli adj Roman
firmed in confession of Christ,unwavering

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in one‟sfaith ~gamosavlianoba n ore output

rwmenidan miqceuli n adj apostate ~damuSaveba v work, be worked
rwmenis Tavisufleba n freedom of wor- ~Ria n open pit mine
ship,religious freedom ~ZarRvi/ZarRvuli n adj vein(mine)
~kidobani(ebraelTa) Aron ha kodeshi sabazo adj base,basic
(Jew), Ark of Covenant, Shrine sabaziso adj basis
~simbolo n symbol of persuasion sabani Wreli n patchwork,quilt
~Ralati give up/turn away from one‟s be- sabaRe(ix.mebaReoba) adj horticultural
lief,apostacy=apostasy sabeli n rope,tie
rwmunebis sigeli n credential saberveli n pl usu. bellows,blowpipe
rwmunebuli n attorney sabeWdavi(ix.beWedi,Rili) n bullae,clay sea
rwyva v n irrigate/irrigation ling,cretulae,sealing,signet,stamp seal
rjuli n belief,faith ~brtyeli n stamp seal
rjuls gandgomili adj apostate ~cilindruli n stamp cylinder
rxeva v ger rock(ing) sabeWdavis gamosaxuleban seal impression
~saxeluri/yuri n knob
s ~teqsti n seal legend
sabeWuri(ix.samxariRlie) n shoulder strap
saabazano n bathroom saboloo adj concludive,conclusive,consoli-
saagarako adj country,resort dated,eventual,final,ultimate
saaTi n clock,watch ~saxis micema v finishing touch
=drois monakveTi n hour sabolood adv at last,conclusively,entirely,
~mzis n gnomon,sundial eventually,finaly,ultimately
~qviSis n hour/sand glass sabrZolo(ix.xelovneba) adj battle, fighting
~wylis n water-clock ~naTloba baptism of fire
saaTis isris mimarTulebiTadv clock-wise sabuTi n argument,document,evidence,indic-
~ ~ sapirispirod adv counter ~ ation,proof,record,testimony
~sizustiT adv like clockwork ~gansxvavebuli adj contrasting evidence
saalyo adj siege =dasturi n evidence,varrant
~manqana n scorpio,siege engine(s) ~mtkice adj firm evidence
~nageboba(ni) n siege structure(s)/work(s) ~pirdapiri adj direct testimony,stark evide-
saanderZo adj bequest nce
~udao adj irrefutable argument
saarako adj epic
~utyuari adj compelling evidence,poignant
saarsebo adj living,subsistance
testimony
~modeli n subsistence model
=wyaro n source
~saqmianoba n ~ activity
sabuTiT…adv by an argument
~forma/wesi n mode of subsistance
sabZeli n hay-loft,a shed of chaff
saarqivo adj archival
sabjeni=bjeni n pier,prop
saaqao n earthly/this life,life before the future
sagalobeli n chant,gospel,hymn
life
sagamofeno adj display,exhibition
saaqimo adj curative,healing
sagamocemo(ix.wina) adj publication
~wigni book of home cure
sagani(ix.sagnis) n article,artifact,item,object,
saaRdgomo adj paschal
subject
~dResaswauli Easter (holiday)
~ganxilvis n case in point
saaRlumo(ix.aRlumi) adj parade
~gaurkveveli n miscellaneous object
saaRmsareblo(taZarSi) n adj confessional
~Tayvaniscemis n venerated ~
saaRricxvo(ix.wigni) adj registration
~romelic yvelganaa(mag.qoTani) n ubi-
~furceli recording sheet
quitous/utilitarian ~
saaxoe(ix.meurneoba) adj slash and burn/swi- ~yoveldRiuri utilitirarian ~
dden cultivation saganZuri(s) n treasury
sabado(s) n adj mine, ore(deposit),outcrop
~mcveli n treasurer
~aTviseba v n exploit(ation)

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sagareo adj exterior,foreign,outer,outward ro) adj church,ecclesiastical

sagduli(ani) n adj leaf,valve(d) ~samosis salaro n sacristry
sagebi(ix.safeni) n mat, rag ~samsaxuri v afficiate,celebrate,conduct,
sagvareulo n adj ancestral,clan,descent,fa- serve/service(s)
mily,pedigree ~saqmianoba n religious work
~nivTi n heirloom=heir loom ~Semosavali n temporalty
sagvartomo adj pedigree ~cxovreba ecclesiastical life,monasticway
sagzali n provision of life
sagzebeli n fire-altar ~wigni vestry book
saglinvela n roller ~xuroTmoZRvreba ecclesiastical architec-
sagnebis nakrebi n set of…(certain objects) ture
sagnis anatvifri n cast,imprint saeparqio adj diocesan
~bolo n foot ~skola church secondary school
~gverdi n side saepiskoposo adj archbishopric,archdiocese,
~Tavi n top Episcopal,Episcopate
~profili n elevation saerTo adj common,communal,general,ov-
~warbi n fold,groove(s),rabbet,slot verall, total
sagubari n dam lake,reservoir ~warmomavloba cognate origin/significance
saguSago n barrier,gate,guard post,outpost, saerTod adv formerly,in common/general,ge-
picket neraly
sada adj artless,blank,humble,modest,plain, saerisTavo n dukedom
simple saero(ix.piri,cxovreba,xelisufleba,xel
sadave(ebi) n halter,reins ovneba,xuroTmoZRvreba) adj lay,mun-
sadazvervo adj exploratory,prospecting,so- dane,public,secular,social,temporal,worldly
ndage,sounding,trial ~saqmeni temporal affairs
~ormo n test-pit/well ~cxovrebidan gandgoma make a retreat
~ ~ sakontrolo n control/testing pit saeqsperto adj expertly (researches)
sadauroba vinmesi n etnicity saeWvo adj ambiguous,doubtful,dubious,hesi-
~ramis origin,original significance tant,questionable,precarious,suspectable,
sadafi(s) n adj mother of pearl suspicious,uncertain,challengeable
saeWvod adv ambiguously,doubtfully,questi-
sadafiT inkrustirebuli adj nacred
onably,precariously
sadgami=sadgari n base,plinth,prop,stand,
savazne n bandoleer,cartridge belt
support
savalalo(d) adj adv regretful(ly),sad(ly)
sadgisi n awl,pricker
savaldebulo adj indispensable/obligatory
sadgomi n dwelling(place),lodging,housing,
to/for,required
home,settling site,stopping place
savaluto adj currency
~droebiTi temporary fwelling/lodge
savane(ix.udabno) n shrine
~monadireTa hunters‟ house
=monasteri n cell
sadideblad adv extol(ing)
=samoTxe n paradise
sadinarebiani adj chanelled
savaraudo adj anticipatory,assumed,assump-
sadinari n mouth
tive,conjectural,expectable,feacible,hypo-
sadiskusio(ix.sakamaTo) adj argumentati-
thetical,inference,plausible,potential,pre-
ve,controversial sumed,presumptive,probable,provisional,
sadme adv anywhere,elsewgere,wherever prospective,supposed,suspectable,alleg-
~sxvagan elsewhere,somewhere else ed,eventual,suggesting,tentative
sadnobi adj foundry,smeltry,smithy savaraudod adv apparently,considerably,hy-
sadrenaJo adj drain(ing) pothetically,possibly,presumably,presu-
sadurglo adj wood-working mptively,probably,randomly,supposedly,
sadResaswaulo adj celebratory,ceremonial, tentativly
festive,holiday savarcxeli/(da)varcxna n v comb
saegzarqoso adj exarchate savarcxlisebri adj comb-shaped
saeklesio(ix.eklesia,eklesiis,samonast- savaWro adj commercial,trade(ing)

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~garigeba n bargain sing/pl Lat)

~urTierTobani trade relations ~dabali fena lower class,general society
~centri n trading post,emporium/emporia ~zeda ~ upper crast(er)/ranks of society
(n sing/pl Lat.) ~mravalricxovani ~ populous social strata
savedreblad... adv entreaty ~saSualo ~ middle class
savele adj field ~fenebad dayofa v n stratify/stratification
~dRiuri ~ diary, notes ~Sekvra v bond the society
~kvleva-Zieba ~ researches sazogadoebrivi adj public,social
~monapovari ~ evidence ~xasiaTis adj public character
~samuSao ~ work sazomi n measure,yardstick
~sezoni ~ season sazrdo n a living
savse adj full/replete of sth sazrdooba v fuel
~pirTamde sth packed with sth sazurge adj back,dorsal,over the shoulders
~sicocxliT adj vibrant sazRauri n toll
sazavo SeTanxmeba n treaty trade sazRvao(ix,gza,saxelmwifo) adj maritime,
sazamTro=zamTris adj winter,wintry marine,sea(ward)
sazedaSe adj Holy, sacramental ~vaWroba sea-based trade(ing)
sazeimo adj celebration,celebratory,ceremo- ~gadazidva sea-borne
nial,triumphal sazRvaosno adj nautical,naval
~miReba n reception sazRvarze/sazRvarTan adv on the bord-
~ritualis monawile(ni) celebrant(s) ers of (any country)
~Sexvedra tribute sazRvari(ix.tyis,WiSkari) n border(line),
saziaro adj common,(to) share(d) sth boundary,confine,frontier,interface
sazidari(ix.etli,oTxTvala) n cart,carria- between,threshold
ge,vehicle ~gadaulaxavi/dauZleveli unconquerable
~adamianis n sedan chair frontier
~msubuqi light chariot ~daculi fortified frontier,limes n Lat.
~samTvala n tricycle ~kulturuli cultural interface
sazogado(ix.moRvawe) adj common,public ~saerTo share border
sazogadodadv in general,generally speaking =CarCo n coverage,scope
sazogadoeba n public,society sazRvravs v defines,determines,identifies,
~dabali general population/society,lower judges,marks
classes sazRvrebs iqiT/miRma adv beyond confines
~maRali upper ranks of society,high classes sazRvrebSi adv (sth lying) within the bord-
~narCevi select society ers/confines
~saero secular ~ sazRvris gavleba(ix.qva) v border
~saxelmwifoebriobamde misuli state le- ~gareT adv beyond border(s)
vel society ~dadgena v define border(s)
~swavlulTa learned society ~moSla v eraze (established) borders
sazogadoebaSi damkvidreba v obtain/win ~Signi adv witin the confines of…
the footing ~sveti/qva n adj border post/stone
~did simaRleze adv at the altitude sazRvrispira adj frontier, marginal
~mniSvnelovani mdgomareoban foreground saTadarigo adj spare
~triali v move/mingle in society ~nawilebi n pl fitments,fittings
~cnobili vinme n eminence ~nawili n sing spare part
sazogadoebidan gariyva v n ostracise/ost- saTavado n duchy,principality
racism,supplant saTave n beginning,commencement,source
~garideba v go into retreat ~daudo sb/sth gave birth/rise to sth
~gariyuli adj ostracized,social outcast saTaveebze Tvalis gadavleba/gadevneba
sazogadoebis ganStoeba n remification v n affiliate/affiliation
~daSla v n disintegrate/disintegration saTaves iRebs…v sth is rooted in sth,sth stems
~fena n class,section,stratum/strata (n from sth

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saTaveSi Cadgoma v head,set out/stand at saidumlodadv clandestinely,in secret/secrecy

the head of sth saidumloeba=saidumlo n enigma,myste-
saTavis dadeba v lay the foundation,origin- ry,sacrament,secret,secrecy
ate,give the rise to sth saidumloebiT mosili/moculi adj enig-
~damdebi vinme n originator matic,mysterious,sth surrounded by
~ ~ rame n originative mystery,weird
~moZieba v n affiliate/affiliation, look/seek saidumloebrivi adj mysterious, weird
for saidumlos amoxsna/gaxsna n v clue,expo-
saTavno n dowry se/exposure
saTavsi=saTavso(ix.sakani) n chamber,co- ~gamJRavneba break a secret
partment,structure,room saizolacio(ix.izolacia) adj insulating
~damoukidebeli independent/separate sailustracio(d) adj adv exemplary,illust-
structure rative
~damxmare accessory(ancillary,subsidiary) ~ramisa for illustration of sth
chamber,sacristry,supporting structure saimedo adj dependable,hopeful,never-failing,
~erTmaneTSi gamavali communicating reliable,safe,secure,trustworthy
chambers/rooms ~nakleb less secure
=minaSeni annexe saimedod adv hopefully,safely,securely
~miwisqveSa n hypogeum saimedooba n reliability,solidity
~ 1 oTaxiani single room structure saistorio adj historic(al)
~ufanjro n blind chamber saiqio(ix.saaqao,cxovreba) n afterlife,the
saTamaSo n toy beyond,the future/other life,kingdom co-
saTanado adj appropriate,apt,aptitude,cohe- me,next world,Hades
rent,considerable,fair,fitting,formal,germa- sakaTalikoso(ix.kaTalikosi) adj Cath-
ne,proper,proxy,relevant,required,requisi- olikos
te,sufficient,sustainable sakaTedro n adj cathedral,minstrel
saTanadod adv appropriately,properly,relev- sakalao=samkalao n tinning,tinsmith‟s shop
antly,sufficiently,aptly sakamaTo(a) adj controversial,debatable,mat-
saTao adj head,leading ter of debate,debated,haggling,polem-
saTauri(ix.qve...) n caption,head,title ic,problrmatic,sth under discussion
saTauriT adv under (this) rubric sakamaTod adv polemically
saTayvano=saTayvanebeli adj venerated sakanalizacio(ix.kanalizacia) adj cana-
saTvalavSi Cagdeba v take sth into (a)co- lization,sanitary
unt ~mili n cesspipe
saTevzao adj fishing ~nageboba sanitary engineering
~mowyobiloba n fishing gear ~sawreti ormo catch pit
saTvistomo n colony,friendly society of per- ~sistemacanalization,sanitation,sewer system
sons coming from same country sakani(ix,saTavsi,samarxis) n chamber,lo-
saTi(s)=giSeri/giSris n adj (g)agate culus/loculi (n sing/pl Lat.)
saTibi n meadow ~cixis n (prison) cell
saTiTe n thimble sakanWuri(ix.paiWi) n anklet,shin-pad,shack-
saTleli(kaJis/obsid.) n piéce éqaille Fr les
saTnoeba n virtue sakare(ix.karis) adj door
saTofuri n crenellation,gap, loophole sakaro=karis(ix.samefo) adj courtly,royal
saTofuris gakeTeba v crenellate sakace(ix.taxtrevani) n litter, stretcher
saTxari n digging stick,trowel sakeisro(kveTa) adj Caesarian
saidumlo(ix.rituali,wminda) n adj clan- sakerveli n patch
destine,confidential,enigmatic,mysterio- ~liTonis n clamp
us/mystery,sacrament(al),secret,secrecy sakerpe n idol place
~naweri cryptographic writing saketi n bolt,closure,latch,lock,trigger
~sabWo Privi Council ~TokiT gadbmuli n latch (tied with a rope)
~sacavi hiding place, cashè (Fr) =urduli n lock(ing)
~seroba the Last Supper sakece=maSa n pl usu. tongs

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sakvamuri(s) n adj chimney,drain,flue,funnel ~samfrTaTaviani ~ with three lacinate

shaft head
~keramikuli yuTebi Sedgenili 4 kra- ~satexisebri ~ with chisel-shaped head
mitisagan n box flue/tile ~sekiraTaviani ~ with pole-axe head
sakvarTuli(ix.lekverTxi) n gaiter strap ~T- sebri crutch-headed ~
sakvebad vargisi adj edible ~sferulTaviani ~ with sphere-shaped
sakvebi(s)=saWmeli/saWmlis n diet,food- head
staff,meal ~tansacmlis clothes pin
~damzadeba v ger forage(ing) ~tyavis ~ toggle
~damamzadebeli n forager ~yayaCos parkisebri poppy-headed ~
~maragi n provision ~Sekiduli tied-up bow-shaped ~
~mTavari/ZiriTadi n core of sb‟s diete,die- ~Zvlis n bone toggle
tary ~WvirulTaviani ~ with open-work/filigree
~momzadeba v ger n cook(ing),prepare/pre- head
parathion,process(ing),produce/pdod- ~xaxvisTava bulb-headed ~
duction sakinZis Tavi n pin-head/top
~mopoveba v n procure(ment) ~damagreba/mimagreba v pin
~myari solids ~Reri n pin-rod
~narCenebi food waste,garbage,remains sakire ormo n lime-pit
sakvlevi(Tema,sakiTxi) adj problem area saklavi n stock for slaughter
sakidi(ix.yunwi,yuri,Cxaruna) n peg,rack, sakmazi(ix.Sekmazva) n spice
stand,tang sakmao adj enough
=kauWi n projection sakmeveli/sakmevlis(ix.gundruki(s) n
=samkauli n pendant,pennant adj incense, thus
= ~ suraTiT n locket sakontrolo adj control,testing
sakiTxze... on aspects/the question… sakoWuri(ix,paiWi,sakanWuri) n strap
sakiTxi n aspect,issue,matter,question,probl- sakravi(ix.TefSebi) n (musical) instrument
em,theme,thing(s),topic ~eniani the reeds of…
sakiTxisaTvis…on/towards a history ofsb/sth, ~klaviSebiani keyboard instrument
on aspects of… ~sasule (xis) the woods
sakinZi n brooch,clothes pin,fastener,fibula,
~simebiani stringed instrument
garment secure,hasp,(safty)pin
~Casaberi=sasule wind ~
~borblisebri wheel-shaped pin
sakravis satuCe n mouthpiece
~burTula ball/globe-headed ~
sakrebulo n assembly
~gedis yelisebri swan-like ~
sakrZalavi(ix.samarxi,saxli) n burial
~grexili twirly ~
sakuTari adj own,personal,private,self-cent-
~diskosebri ~ with discshaped head,
ered
saucer-headed pin
sakuTreba n belongings,property
~vazisebri vase-headed ~
sakuTrebaSi adv sth in possession
~Tavbrtyeli flat/plain headed=flat-topped
sakulto adj cult,religious,shrine
~TavburTula ball-ended(sphere,spherical)
~darbazi n cella(e),cult chamber
~Tavkveriani/CaquCisebrTaviani hammer-
~rituali n cult ritual
headed ~
~Tavdaxveuli ~ with tied/twisted end/top ~saqmianoba n cultic practices
~Tavxvia n roll/spiral headed ~ ~sivrce n cult/sacred space
~maryuJTaviani knot/loop headed ~ sakulule(samkauli) n spiral hair-pin
~mzesumziris yvavilisebri sunflower ~ sakurTxeveli n altar,credence table,sanc-
~morkaluli ring-headed ~ ctuary,shrine
~warmarTuli pagan sanctuary
~orTaviani two-heade ~
sakurTxevlis safari n vestment
~ormagtesebri beamed double-crutch ~
sakurTxi n gifts for repose of sb‟s soul
~reliefurTaviani ~ with embossed/rais-
sakuWnao(saostigno) n cellar,lumbar(stock-
ed head
ing/store) room,pantry

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salamuri n fife=pipe samarcxvino adj disgraceful

salaSqrod adv ready to take field ~daRi n sing/pl Lat. stigma/stigmatis
salbi(s) n adj Sag, Salvia officinalis Lat. samarxebsSoris sivrce intraburial space
salbuni(ix.malamo) n ointment samarxeuli adj burial
salesi(ix.qva) n grind/rub stone,knife-sharp- ~kompleqsi ~ context(contents,sequence)
ener funerary context
~wmindamarcvlovani fine grain grind/rub ~kompleqsis gareSe ~ lack(ing) (of)
stone,touchstone archaeological context
salewi(ix.lewva) adj threshing ~masala ~ set
salocavi(ix,taZari) n chapel,meeting ho- ~nivTebi n pl usu. finds,grave goods,of-
use,place of worship,sanctuary ferings
salte n fillet samarxvo adj meager
salxinebeli(sulisa) n Purgatory samarxze borcvis aRmarTva v heap the
salxinebeli=katafalki(ital) n hearse mound
samagri(ix.gamiri,Cangali) n brace,factener ~Zelfenili n over tomb girder
er,prop samarxi(ix.samare,saflavi) n burial,grave,
~damWeri n fitting, stud interment,a single cemetery,resting
~Tarazuli n clamp place/point,tomb
~Senobis nawilebis(Tarazuli) n brac- ~akldama n charnel house,sepulcher,aq-
es,timbering ueldam (Jew)
~ Sveuli n dowel ~alizis adobe/mud-brick burial/tomb
samadlobeli n thanks(giving) ~arasruli/dazianebuli partial burial
~RvTis mimarT Eucharist ~arxSi trench grave
samalavi n barrier,ceiling,screen,cachè (Fr) ~bavSvis infant/juvenile burial
~adamianis n hideout ~gauZarcvavi unrifled burial/tomb
samamulo adj domestic ~gaZarculi plundered/robbed ~ ~
samani=mijna boundary,landmark ~geja burial log
=manZilis maCvenebeli n milestone ~gorasamarxi=yorRani barrow burial,buri-
samanWvle n rivet(hole) al mound,tumulus/tumuli n sing/pl Lat.
~dazianebuli damaged(disturbed,incomp-
~samkuTxa V-perforation Llete) burial/tomb
samaradiso=samaradJamo(ix.wyevla) adj ~didgvarovanTa elite tomb
endless,eternal,everlasting,forever ~dolmeni dolmen,megalithic chamber,tab-
samaradisod=samaradJamod adv for..,
le-stone burial/tomb
forever ~eklesiis iatakis qveS sing/pl Lat. cry-
~SenarCuneba v n perpetuate/perpetuation
pta/crypte
samare(ix.samarxi) n grave ~erTxel gamoyenebuli primary burial
samarTebeli n razor ~etli chariot ~
samariseburi adj deathly,sepulchral ~Taro burial/tomb with a shelf in one side
samarovani=sasaflao n burial ground/site, ~Tixis yuTi funeral urn of clay
cemetery,grave yard,necropolis/nec- ~Tixisfila clay plinth grave/tomb
ropolies (Lat)
~inhumaciuri inhumation burial/grave
~dasaxlebis miRma extramural cemetery
~katakombi catacomb ~ ~
~kargad Semoxazuli well-circumscribed ~
~kacis male ~
~mravaliarusiani multy-stage cemetery
~kenotafi(ix,samaxsovro) sing/pl Lat.
~mravalfeniani multy-layer(ed) ~
cenotaphium/cenotaphi
~mowyvetili/Sori distant ~
~kldeSi nakveTi rock-cut burial/tomb
~ rigiTi common/ordinary ~
~koleqtiuri mass/multiply ~ ~
~saerTo sargeblobiscommunal burial site
~kramitiT daxuruli tile-roofed ~
samarovnis kide n fringe
~kramitsamarxi tile/tile-built ~
samartvilo adj excruciating,torment
~kromlexi cromlech (Welsh)
samarSruto adj rout
~lodsamarxi stone-box burial/tomb
samarCielo(ix.koWebi) adj divination

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~magaroni/megaroni hall-porch burial,ma- ~qvayuTi cist-grave,stone-lined cist tomb

garon=megaron ~qvevrsamarxi ceramic container,clay cist
~mastaba mastaba (jug/pithos)burial
~mdidruli burial rich of offerings,lavish ~qviT nagebi=qvis stone-built/chamber ~
(richly furnished,wealthy) burial/tomb ~qviT/ZegliT n tomb
rewarding in finds/offerings,burial with ~Raribuli scanty burial
panoply of goods ~yorekldiani quarry stone ~
~mdinareSi river burial ~yuTi funeral urn
~mTavari central/main tomb ~ ~ qvis cist, urn of stone
~miwaSi earthen grave ~ ~ Tixis urn of clay
~miwisqveSa (?) n hypogeum ~Saxturi(ix.Wa) shaft grave
~mravaljer gamoyenebuli multiply burial ~CasasvleliT saxuravidanchamber tomb
~nawilobriv gaTxrili in part excavated ~CaSvebuli inlet burial/tomb
~ori micvalebuliT double burial ~ZelebiT amogebuli burial/tomb with timb-
~oriarusiani two-staged ~ er framing of logs,log burial chamber
~ormosamarxi earthen/roofed pit,pit/shaft to- ~Zelsamarxi burial framework
mb,simple pit interment ~wriuli qvayriliT ~ with circular bar-
~orsenakiani double-chamber burial/tomb row
~orsulis burial of female with foetus Wa~ (ix.Saxturi) burial well,burial in a well
~orjer gamoyenebuli secondary tomb ~xeluxlebeli intact/undisturbed burial
~oqroTi savse(ix.mdidruli) gold samarxis alageba v ger collect(lift,pick)(ing)
laden ~ ~aRnagoba n burial construction
~ramdenime micvalebuliT(ix.koleqtiu- ~borcvi n mound
ri) multiply burial/tomb ~borcvis Tavi n summit of the mound
~ritualuri ritual ~ ~ ~borcvqveS(a) adv adj beneath the mound
~sakani/senaki n chamber ~gareT adv out of/outside the grave
~saknis/senakis Sesasvleli n antecham- ~ganwmenda v n purify/purification,rectify/
ber rectification
~samarovnis gareT out of context tomb ~gamarTva v n arrange(ment)
~samaxsovro(ix.kenotafi) (co)memorial/ ~gamyofi fila septal slab
memorable burial/tomb ~gaZarcva v lot,plunder,rob
~saojaxo family ~ ~ ~gaxsna v bring to light,uncover,unearth
~sarkofagi sing/pl Lat. sarcophagus/sar- ~gora n barrow
cophagi ~ ~ qvamiwayriliani n ~of soil and stones
~safexurebiani stapped burial/tomb ~dazianeba v n disturb(ance),intrude/intrusi-
~saxeldaxelo hasty ~ on
~saxlis iatakis qveS tomb sunken into ~darbazi n funerary chamber
floor,grave sealed with floor ~zvini/zvinuli n heap,mound
~taZari temple-tomb ~inventari n companion/contemporary
~uzvinulo moundless ~ ~ objects,contents,context,grave goods
~uTavo micvalebulis decapitated burial offerings
~uinventaro empty ~ ~kompleqsi n burial/grave context
~uormoo pitless ~ ~laqa ~ spot
~urna furerary urn ~ormo n pit
~uflis Lord‟s grave ~ ~ kuTxeebmomrgvalebuli subrectan-
~filasamarxi plinth/slab-built burial/tomb gular ~
~filaqviT daxurulislab-covered ~ ~ ~ ~ qviT nagebi da daxuruli cist tomb
~forani wooden-bier ~ ~ ~sakani/senaki ~ chamber
~qalis female ~ ~ ~saknis saxuravi qva n cover,lid,slab
~qvamiwayriliani soil and stone barrow ~ ~ ~ ~ xvreliT n part-hole
~qvasamarxi/qvayuTi stone-box ~ slab
~qvayriliani(ix.gora...) barrow ~saxuravi burial cover/roof

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~ ~ qvayuTis n cover, lid together

~ ~ gvirgviniT/sayrdenebiT cor- ~brtyeli flat ~
belled roof ~grexili/xveuli torque/twisted ~
~ ~ dolmenis cap stone ~erTmaneTze gadasuli boloebiT ~
~ ~ Zelfenili girder/overtomb cover with the ends intermingled
~saxuravis Sida mxare inner ceiling ~zurgSedrekili ~ with the back bent in-
~uReli n baulk wards
~yrili(ix. gora) n barrow, heap ~mklavis/samklauri n armlet
~Sesasvleli n entrance shaft,porthole ~mSvildosnis n bracer, wristguard
~ ~ daxrili sloping ramp samajuris Sesakravi n snap
~ ~ derefani n antechamber samganzomilebiani adj three-dimensional
~ ~ saxuravidan tomb approached samganzomilebianoba n thee-dimensionality
from above by staircase samganyofilebiani adj tripartite
~ ~ qviT amogebuli porthole lined samgloviaro adj funeral,mournful
with slabs,stones ~galoba n dirge
~ ~ filebiT mogebuli flagged ~zaris rekva v knell
area ~procesia funeral procession
~Sesasvlelis mosagebi filebi samdivno n secretariat
porthole slabs samdinaro(ix.mdinare,gza) adj river
~Signi inside the grave sameba n One in Three=Three in One=Trinity;
~wre qvebiT n peristalith the Godhead/Godfather,the Son and
~xelaxla gaTxra v n re-excavate(ion) Holy Spirit
~ ~ gaxsna v ger re-open(ing) ~dRe Whitsun Day
~xis sareceli n wooden bier ~dResaswauli Trinity Sunday
samarxisTvis sagangebod sth for funerary sameTuneo(ix.meTuneoba,qura,Rumeli) adj
use,sth produced for funerary use potter(ing),potter‟s
samarxSi aRmoCnda the tomb contained/yie- samekavSireo adj liason
lded..,burial provided..,there have been samemkvidreo(ix.memkvidreoba) adj inheri-
recovered from the burial… tance
~gamyofi fila septal slab ~baJi n ~ tax
~micvalebuls axlda/Catanebuli ~kanoni n ~ law
qonda... body was accompanied… ~mamuli n patrimony
~nayari miwa n pl only falls samenovani adj trilingual
~nivTebs Soris Camateba v intersperse samercxuli n dovecot,gable window
~Cadgma v construct,deposit,put in sameurneo(ix.cxovreba) adj economic,ho-
~Casveneba v lie to rest usehold
~Cataneba v accompany/conduct the body ~ormo refuse dump
~Cawyoba v encase gifts in the burial/tomb ~saTavsi n household,larder, pantry
samaxsovro adj comemorative,(co)memor- ~ ~ damxmare n accessory chamber
ial,memorable samefo(ix.porfiri) n kingdom,realm,royal
~saCuqari n token (ty)
=saxsovari/mosagonari n rememberance ~brZaneba n royal command
samajuri(ix.moneta,fexis) n bracelet ~gaerTianebuli n coalescing kingdom
~boloebgadaRunuli ~ with the ends bent ~gvaris sb of the royal blood
~boloebgadaxveuli ~ ~tied ends ~didebuleba royal magnificence/mani-
~boloebgaSlili ~ ~ expanded ends festation
~boloebgafarToebuli ~ ~ widened~ ~kari(s) court(ly),royal(ty),Royal Household
~boloebgaxsnili ~ ~ open(penannu- ~ ~ didebuli n courtier
lar/loose) ~ ~ojaxi(s) Royal Family/Household
~boloebdaxveuli/Tavebdaxveuli ~ with ~ ~ wevri n royalty
twisted ~ ~rezidencia royal resodence
~boloebSeerTebuli ~ with the ends held ~samflobelo n realm

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~taxti n (royal) throne samijne(ix.mijna,samani) adj landmark

~Zalaufleba n regal power samkauli(s) n adj adornment,mounting,dre-
~warmomavloba n royalty ssing objects,ornament(s),decoration/de-
~xazi royal line corative pieces
~xazis umcrosi Sto cadet branch of royal ~saxe n design
line ~mxatvruli saxe artistic ~
~xelisufleba royal ~ samkerde adj breast
~xelisuflebis simbolo emblem of roy- samkerduli(ix.polotiki,cxenis) n bre-
alty=crown ast plate, pectoral
~jari royal troops samkveTlo=ariTezisi(berZn) n sing/pl Lat.
samefos adj kingdom,royal pastophorium/pastophoriumi (Lat),creden-
~dasusteba v felter ce table
~dacema v suffer collapse,wane samklauri n armlet
~Seqmna v create/forge kingdom samkuTxa(ix.ornamenti) adj gabled,trefoil,
samecniero adj scholarly,sciential,scientific, triangular
learned samkuTxedi n adj triangle
~aparati scholarly apparatus ~araTanabargverdebiani scaline ~
~aparatiT aRWurva v reference ~guli samosze(ix.mrgvali) n adj V-
~dakvirveba v n observe/observation neck
~kvleviTi adj research,scientific ~maxvilkuTxa n oxygon
~ ~ dawesebuleba n research centre ~wveriT gareT outward pointing triangle
~literatura n scholarly literature ~ ~ zeviT upward ~ ~
~literaturaSi/brunvaSi Semosvla ~ ~ qveviT downward ~ ~
v filter into scholarly literature ~ ~ Signi inward ~ ~
~naSromi paper,treatise,work samkurnalo adj curative,healing
~sabWo n board of scholars/scientists samlocvelo(ix,saxli,warmarTuli) n
~sazogadoeba learned society chapel,sacrarium/sacraria(Lat),sanc-
~xarisxi(s) (university) degree tuary,oracle,temple
~ ~ miReba v n commence(ment) (of)~ ~warmarTuli pagan sanctuary
~ ~ mopoveba v gain ~ sammagi adj threefold,triple
~ xelmZRvaneli n supervisor of studies sammxrivi adj trilateral
samzareulo n adj cook house,kitchen samnawiliani adj threefold,tripartite
~erovnuli n cuisine samoTxe n Eden, paradise
~nagavi kitchen debris ~dedamiwaze Heaven before sb dies
~narCenebi ~ rubbish samomxmareblo adj consimer
~narCenTa kultura kitchen midden culture samonastro(ix.saeklesio) adj conventual,
~saqmianoba n kitchen practice monastic
samzeri(ix.Cafxuti,CaCqani,wina) n visor ~kompleqsi monasterial complex
samTaviani adj three-headed ~meurneoba monastery economy/keeping
samTavro n dukedom,principality ~miwebi chapter lands
~mcire petty principality ~skola convent/priory school
samTamadno adj ore mine(ing) ~cxovreba monastic way of life
samTiTa=samTiTi n trident samoneto(ix.moneta,monetaruli,monetis)
samTo(saqme) adj n mining adj coinage,monetary
samosaxlo n settling
~gamonamuSevari n mine work-out,mining
samosi(ix.porfiri) n costume,clothes,gar-
working
~samuSaoebi mining work ments,array,rainment,robe,vesture
~viwro/momdgari adj tight,fitted tightly,
~xelsawyo(eb)i n pl miner tool(s)
skin tight
samikitno n sing/pl Gr. thermopolium/ther-
~mdidruli adj smart clothes,finery
mopoliumi
~micvalebulis n cerecloth
samizne(ix.damizneba) n target
~mRvdlis n cope,sacred vestments
samiwaTmoqmedo adj agricultural,farming

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~saeklesio n attire,chasuble,riza,robs ~ ~ garda gaTxrisa n v ger record(ing)

~specialuri n habit ~hipoTeza working hypothesis,tentative
~talRisebri nakecebiT …with billowing problem
drapery samuSaoTa warmoeba v carry out,direct,run
~ welSi gamoyvanili fitted tightly at the samfexa/samfexi(ix.Stativi) adj n three-
waist legged,tripod
samoqalaqo adj civic,civil(ian) ~cecxlze dasadgmeli n andiron,trivet
~areuloba civil unrest samflobelo n ager (Lat), compound,es-
samociqulo adj apostolic(al) tate,domain,possession,realm
~teqsti sakiTxavi n Gr. Aprakos samfoTola adj tripetalous
samrevlo adj parish samRebro n dye-house
~skola priory school samRvdeloeba n clergy,monks,ministry,pries-
samrewvelo adj manufacturing tly class,priesthood
samsaxuri(ix.saeklesio,saxelmwifo,jari) ~TeTri secular clergy
v n serve/service(s),employ(ment),fun- ~ maRali dignitary
ction,work ~Savi regular clergy
samsaxuris gaweva v render the service samyaro(s) n macrocosm,universe,world,mile-
samsWvali n kingpin, nail, ux/miliew (Fr)
samsxverplo n adj (sacrifice) altar,sacrificial ~antikuri Antique world/sphere
~mSvidobis altar of piece ~berZnuli Greek ~ ~
~qristianuli credence table ~klasikuri Classical ~
~cecxli(warmarTuli) sacrifial fire ~romauli Roman ~
samsxverplod dakvla n v mortuary,ritual ~Seqmna(ix.Sesaqme) v n create/creation of
slaughter,sacrifice the world
samsxverplos dakvla v n immolate/imm- samyofeli n home of…
olation =sacxovrisi n home,residence
samsxvrevela n crusher samSabaTi(ariasi,marsi) n Tuesday
samsxmelo(ix.WurWeli) adj n casting(fou- samSeneblo(ix.xelovneba,xe-tye) adj
nding,smelting) house,foudry building,construction,engineering
~nawiburi n cast line ~detalebis samagri n brace(s)
~ormo n casting/founding pit ~detali constructive detail
~yalibi n cast,mould,casting mould ~nagavi/narCeni n remnants,rubbish,spoil-
samtro adj hostile earth
samtuCa(ix.WurWeli) adj triple rim,tripoid ~saqme n building,engineering
(rimmed) ~teqnika architectural engineering
samudamo(ix.patimroba) adj lasting,long- ~fena building layer/level
lived,perpetual ~horizonti n phase
samudamod adv forever,irrevocably samSvenisi n knick-knack,trinket
samuzeumo(ix.masala,muzeumis,xelSeuva- samSvinveli n moving spirit and heart
li) adj museum‟s samSoblo(ix.monatreba) n home(country/
samuSao(ix.savele,samsaxuri) n affair(s), land)
labour,matter,job,occupation,work(ing) ~meore second home
~gadarCeniTi rescue operation ~pirveli(ramis) n home
~gegma working plan samwaxnaga adj three-edged
~didi grand scale work samwevri n adj trinominal
~iZulebiTi forced labour samwuxaro(d) adj adv alas,pitily,regretab-
~katorRuli penal service ly,sad(ly),unfortunate(ly)
~moedani n area,space samwyemso(ix.mwyemsi) adj pastoral
~mZime ard/robust labour/work samwyso n congregation,flock,fold,parish
~Zala n manpower samWedlo n forge,smithy,a shop for produ-
~Zalis marTva marshal into labor force ction of metal objects
~Zeglze v n excavate/excavation samxareo adj cantonal,regional

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samxariRlie(ix.sabeWuri) n baldric ~manqana ~ ram

~Tasma n shoulder belt/strap sanelebeli n seasoning(s), herb(s), spice
~savazne n bandoleer,cartridge belt sanemse n etui=etwee
samxatvro adj art sanerge n sing/pl Lat. arboretum/arboreta
samxedro adj military sanTeli/sanTlis n adj candle
~aRWurviloba n accountrement ~wvrili n taper
~aristokratia warrior aristocracy ~namwvi n draft
~banaki military camp sanTiobo n room for a newly-wed couple
~korpusi n pl usu. corps saniavo(ix.ganiaveba) n adj ventilator
~mTavroba military government saniSne(ix.niSani) n landmark, sign
~moqmedeba(ni) ~ act(ion)/operations sanukvari adj precious,sacramental
~saqme soldiering saolavi n adj antimony,dye,hair/eyebrow,
~tituli n rank kohl
~xalxi n military establishment saomari(ix.iaraRi) adj military,war(fare/like)
~xuroTmoZRvreba ~ architecture ~teqnika n weaponry
samxerxao n timber works,sawmill(s) saomrad ganwyobili adj sb bristle in….
samxece n menagerie saostigno(ix.sakuWnao) n lumbar/stocking,
samxre(ix.sabeWuri,samxariRlie) n should- room,pantry
er-belt/mantle saojaxo adj domestic,family,household
samxreTeli n southerner sapalne n load,pack
samxreTi n south sapatimro cixe-simagreSi n cassemate
samxreTiT adv southward(s),to the south sapatio adj distinguished,honorary,respect-
ukiduresi ~ most southern,southmost, ive
southernmost ~wodeba honorary degree
samxreTuli adj southern sapatriarqo n adj patriarchy,patriarchal
samjer adv three times,trice saperange adj facing
~gazrdili adj threefold sapirwamle n powder flask/horn
sanadiro adj hunting sapirwone n counterweight,tas-de-charge(Fr)
~bade n ~ net sapkurebeli n sprinkler
sanavsadguro(ix.dasaxleba) adj port saprialebeli n adj polisher,polishing
sanaTlavi adj christening saprocesio adj processional
sanaTlio n sing/pl Lat. baptisterium/bapti- sapyrobile(ix.qveskneli) n jail,prison
terii saraji n harness maker,saddler
sanaosno adj nautical,navigable sardali n commander
sanapiro adj marginal,quau sardafi n basement,cellar for storage
~dakbiluli deeply incised ~Rvinis(ix.marani,samikitno) wine cellar
~dacva coastal defence sardioni(s) n adj carnelian=cornelian
~zoli coast land,coastal area/line,stripe sardoniqsi(s)=frcxila/frcxilis n adj
~zRvis quay,shore,seaside sardonyx
~mdinaris river bank/side sarevela n weed(s)
~moqceviT datborili n foreshore sarevelebiani adj weedy
sanapiroze adv along/on the shore(s) saredaqcio adj editorial
zustad ~ right on the coast of… sarekela n trigger
sanaqebo adj complimentary (person) sareceli=taxti(ix.micvalebulis) n
sanacre adj ash berth,bier,couch
~ormo n ashpit ~sasikvdilo n deathbed
sanawile n shrine sarze gasma v impale sb
~moZravi=satarebeli n sing/pl Lat. cibor- sarTvi(ix.CarTva) n filling
um/ciboria sarTuli n floor,storey
sanaxaobrivi adj showy,spectacular,visual ~pirveli n groundfloor
sanaxevrod=naxevrad(ix.naxevar...) adv half sarTulSoris(i) adv adj interstorey
sangrevi=saomari adj battering sari(s) n adj peg,picket,pole,post,stake

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~ormo post/stake hole sartyeli(ix.lilvaki,mZivi) n band,belt,cor-

~Robis railing pillar bel
~wvetiani speky ~brinjaosi n belt-plate
saritualo adj ceremonial,ritual ~geografiuli n area,zone
~Cacma investiture scene ~klimaturi climatic girdle/zone
sarke/sarkis n adj looking glass,mirror ~CaWdeuli recessed band
~mina plate glass sartylis aRkazmuloba(ix.mZivi) n belt-
~CarCo n brooch,frame set
sarkinozi=arabi=mahmadiani n Saracen sarCo(s) n adj livelihood
sarkisebri adj smooth ~Sovna v earn one‟s ~ by doing sth (eg.
sarkmeli/sarkmlis n adj window teaching sb sth)
~antresolis=qoredis dormer ~ sarCuli(ix.keramika) n lining,loculus/loculi
~asawev-dasawevi sash/sliding ~ n sing/pl Lat.
~gadanakeci n fold sarwmunoeba(ix.rwmena,ucxo) n belief,faith
~gadmosakeci pivoted ~ sarwmunoebaze mimxroba v adhere to (any)
~garedan midgmuli samCarCoiani bay ~ faith
~dekoratiuli false ~ sarwmunoebis gavrceleba v n propagate
~erT alaTiani single-sashed ~ (ion)
~miReba v accept(adopt,embrace)the faith,
~erkeri=Sveriliani n bay ~
get any religion,be converted
~ ~ nexevarwriuli n compass ~
~Secvla v n converse/conversion
~erkeruli oriel ~
sarwmunoebrivi adj confessional,religious
~veneciuri picture ~
sarwyavi adj irrigation,irrigating
~Tavxe/kamara n lintel
sarWi n peg
~TaRiani round headed ~
~Tmis n hair pin
~karisebri,ezoSi gamavali French ~
~nivTis n stud
~maraosebri n fan-light
sasazRvro adj boundary,frontier,marginal,
~mbrunavi revolution ~
outlandish
~mTlianminiani, didi picture ~ ~zoli border line
~mrgvali feradi miniT rose ~ with ~zona frontier zone
stained glass ~posti boundary post
~rafa n ~ sill
sasaklao n abattoir,butchery,slaughterho-
~sagduliani sash ~
use
~saventilacio/sahaero ventilating ~ sasamarTlo n court
~ ~ mbrunavi n airvent nafic msajulTa ~ jury trial system
~saTauri crest sasanTle n candelabrum,candlestick
~saTvalTvalo inspectation(view,watch)~ sasafante kilita n ammunition pounch
~sapire n (a window) bordered with frame, sasafeTqle(ix.safeTqeli) adj temple
framing ~rgoli ~ ring
~saxuravSi gaWrili n skylight
~sakidi ~ pendant
~qarsis mica ~
sasaflao(ix.samarovani) n burial ground/
~Seisruli lancet ~
site,grave yard
~Suali n mullion sasaCuqre=sasaCuqro(ix.naCuqrobis) adj
~Cveulebrivi=Cveneburi n casement donative
~Tavxe/kamara n lintel sasaxle n court house,mansion,palace,palat-
~framugiT transom ~ tial building
~qudi=warbi n window-beam =administracia administrative palace
~cxauri n lattice-work system
~wirTxli n stud sasaxlisa adj palatial
sarkmlebis zeda rigi taZarSi n cleres- sasTumali(ix.micvalebulis) n pillow
tory sasikvdilo adj deadly
sarkofagi n sing/pl Lat. sarcophagus/sar- sasicocxlo(d) adj adv vital(ly)
cophagi

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~mniSvnelobis sth of vital importance ~dResaswauli patronal festival

sasmeli n beverage,drink(s) ~ ~ (qrist./warmarT.) wakes
sasoflo/sofluri adj country,rural sataxto adj capital,seat of king,throne
~sameurneo adj agrarian,agricultural activity/ satevari(ix.iatagani,maxvili) n dagger
economy ~alisebri flamy-shaped ~
sasowarkveTileba n dispear ~bolokveTili ~ with cut (away)end
sasresi(ix.wamlis) n grind stone,quern, ~mTlianadsxmuli one piece cast(ing) ~
pastle ~morkaluli ~ with arched blade
sasroli(ix.qvargvali) adj throwing ~muxliani cranked ~
sastiki adj brutal,cruel,grim,inexorable,sharp ~namglisebri sickle-like ~
severe,tough ~orlesuli=orfxiani double/two-bladed
~TviT herodeze sb to out Herod ~saCxvleti pointed/sharp ~
sasule(ix.sakravi) n air-hole,drain,flue,out- ~saZgerebeli stubbing/thrusting ~
let ~uSaSaro ~ without flutes, unfluted ~
sasuliero adj church,ecclesiastical,relidious, ~farTeqediani ~ with wide rib(ing)
theological ~foTlisebri leaf-like ~
~akademia/seminaria theological academy/ ~fxiani bladed ~
seminary ~qediani ~ with a rib, ribbed ~
~musika sacred music
~ yunw-Reroiani stemmed
~piri n clergyman, priest
~SaSariani/SaSariT ~ with(a) chute(s)/
~wodeba n clergy,priesthood rank
flute(s)
~wodebis miniWeba v ordain ~Sedgeniltariani ~ with composite/
~ ~ miReba v enter the ministry,take sectioned handle
holy orders ~xmlisebri sword-like ~
sasufeveli n the Kingdom of Heaven satevris vada n ricasso, shaft
sasyideli n payment,recompence ~kexi/kota n pommel
saswavlo adj educational ~kotisTavi n hilt pommel
~dawesebuleba ~ institution ~mxari n shoulder
~centri seat of learning ~piri n blade
saswauli(s) n magic,marvel(s),miracle play, ~ ~ mWreli n edge
sign,wonder ~samanWvle(naxvreti) n rivet hole/slot
~moxdena v accomplish(perform,work) mira-
~satare n handle
cle/marvel(s)
~ ~ Sverili n haft,shaft
saswaulmoqmedeba/moqmedi n miracle-
~ ~ xveli n hole
working
saswori(s) n adj balance,scales (pl usu) ~tari(ix.tari) n handle,handle-grip
~zodiaqo n Scales ~ ~ masriani/Rru plug-shafted,socket-
~pina n pan,scale ed,staff
~ ~ orkapa double funnel-shaped
~uReli n beam
~ ~ firfitebdakruli handle with a
sasxlavi n bill,pruning knife
pair of scales
sasxleti n trigger
~ = xelis Casavlebi n hilt
sasjeli(ix.RvTis) n punishment
~ ~ xis n buff
~misja v n inflect(ion)
~taris dageba v fix,haft,mount,pin,put
~oTxad gankveTa v quarter
on,stick
satanjveli n grief,torment ~ ~ dagebis xerxi method of hafting
satare(ix.Sverili,xvreli) n handle ~ ~ dasamagrebeli adgili pirze n
satacuri(s) n adj asparagus, asparagus butt
Gr. ~ ~ Tavi n haft,halve,handle,hilt,plug,
=sakvebi n adj Asparagus var.altiltis=Cato shaft,tip,top
=samkurnalo n adj Asparagus officinalis ~ ~ kide n flange
sataZro(ix.mona) adj sth of church( place of ~ ~ mili n hob
worship, temple) ~ ~ qedi central ribbing,midrib

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~ ~ ~ kexiT/nawiburiT arris with fillet ~bolo late X century,tail end of the X cent.
~ ~ qudi cupila, (head) top ~ ~ wlebi final years of the century
~ ~ ~dafanjruli filigree,open-work ~gviani wlebi late X century
~ ~ Camagreba v haft,terminate ~dadgomasTan erTad with the advent of ~
~ ~ ~ liToniT v insert, weld ~dadgomisas as the ~ dawned,by the beg-
~fxa n edge of X ~
~yunwi n tang ~dadgomisTanave with the onset of ~
~SaSari n chute,flute ~dasaruli the end of the ~
satexe(ix.Tavi,naribandi) n chisel ~dasasrulisTvis the ~ draw to close
~brWyalisebri n claw ~ ~dasasruliswina before the close of the ~
satvirTo(ix.gemi) adj freight ~dasawyisi the beginning/turn of the ~
satiri n satyr ~dasawyisSi in the early X ~
satitulo(ix.furceli) adj title ~meoTxedi(romelime) 1st,2nd,3rd,4th qu-
satixre/tixari adj n partition arter of ~
satkepni/satkepnela n rammer,roller ~naxevari ~ 1st-2nd half/part of the ~
satomo/tomobrivi adj tribal ~Sua(xanebi) mid Nth ~ ; mid century
satransporto saSualeba(ix.transporti) saukuno(ix.saukuneSi) adj secular
n mobility,means of transport saukunod adv for centuries
satrapezo n refrectory,triclinia=triclinium/tri- saukunoebrivi adj ancient,eternal,venerable
cliniae (n sing/pl Lat) Sua ~ adj medieval=medeival
satrapi n satrap,governor saurme(ix.gza) adj cart
satrapia n satrapy saufliswulo adj prince/princess‟s,seat of
satrapiis/satrapuli adj satrapal prince
satriumfo adj triumphal sauflo(ix.uflisa) adj domain estate
satuCe n mouthpiece sauReltexilo adj crossing,pass,mountain
satyorcni adj throwing pass lands
~manqana n sing/pl Lat. ballista/ballistae saucxoo adj excellent,magnificent,splendid
saukune(ix.TariRdeba,) n century=c safanti(s) n adj small-shot
~arasruli scanty ~ safarveli(ix.eklesiis) cover(ing),cope,
~gadadis(mohyva,cvlis)saukuneSi/saukun- mantle,tunic
es ~ turns to ~ safarvelis axda/Camocileba v disman-
saukuneebi n pl usu. centuries tle,uncover
~1 aTasw. bolo da meoris pirveli cen- safari n adj cover(ing),cope,mantle
turies straddling X and Y millenia ~Casasafrebeli n ambush
~Sua Middle Ages=MA safarqveS adv under cover
~ ~ adre Early MA safasuri n cost,payment in..,wages for…
~ ~ ganviTarebuli Advanced Feudal- safeTqeli n temple
ism,High MA safeni n bed,cover,cushion,pavement
~ ~ gviani Late MA ~locvisTvis n prayer carpet/rag
~gviani middle late ~riyis qvebis cobble/pebble bed
saukuneebgamovlili adj timehonoured safexuredi(ix.plintusi) n adj corbie
saukuneTa ganmavlobaSi adv within the step,necking rings,staggered/
overall range of centuries,over the ce- staggering,stepped
turies ~saxuravze(ix.saxuravi) n crowstep
~mijna turn of X and Y centuries safexurebi urTierTmomdevno successive
~mtveri adv the mould of time stages
~siRrmeSi adv (in) anciency safexurebiani adj (1,2,3…) tiered
~Sesayarzeadv between the turn of centuries safexurze adv at/on this/that stage
saukunes swvdeba sth span(ing) X century safexuri n stage
saukuneSi erTxel adv secular ~kibis n step
saukunis adj century‟s safexuriani/safexurebiani adj stepped
~adreuli wlebi beginning of the ~ safironi(s)=lurji iagundi n adj saphir

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saflavi(s)(ix.samare,samarxi) n grave ~ ~ wvrilfexa cloven footed cattle,

~kulti grave cult small domestic animal
~qva grave marker/stone,tomb stone ~ fufunebis luxury goods
safortifikacio adj enceinte,fortification saqonlis gadarekva v drift,pastoral mobility,
safsalmune n ambo (Gr),pulpit transhumance
safutkre n bee-garden ~gadatana v n ger transport(ation)(ing)
safuZvelze adv on the base(basis/grounds) ~gamravleba v rear animals/stock
of sth ~gza n cattle track, droveway
safuZveli n base(line),basis,foot(ing),found- ~dakvla v n butcher(y)
ation,founding,ground(s),principle(s), ~damRa n v mark
real cause ~damwyvdeva v pen livestosk
~mtkice/myari firm ground(s) ~iarliyi n v bulla=docket
~Caeyara v stem from… (somewhere) ~movla/Wmeva v ger nurture(ing)
safuZvelSive(ix.ZirSive) adv entirely,fun- ~moparva v round up
damentally,inherently ~mravalferovneba/nairsaxeoba n wide
safuZvlad dadeba v posit range of goods
~iqca v sth became the basis for sth ~nasuqoba n fettening of cattle
safuZvlebi n pl usu (the) very roots ~suladoba n livestock
safuZvlianad adv substantially,thoroughtly ~warmoeba v manufacture,produce
safuZvliani adj thorough saqorwino adj marriage,marital,wedding
safuZvlis moxmoba v substantiate ~simRera n epithalamium/epithalamiumi n
~Seqmna v form the basis,give the rise to… sing/pl Gr.
provide grounds for/to,think ~fici n wedlock
~Cayra v lay the basis/foundation saqristiano n adj Christiandom,Christian
safqvavi n milling saqsovi adj knitting,textile,weaving
safxeki n end/sidescrapper ~bade n warp
~boloretuSiani n grattoir ~badis tvirTebi n loom-weight(s)
saqalaqo adj city,municipal,urban ~dazga n loom
~cxovreba urban activity/life ~ maqo n shuttle
saqalebo n sing/pl Lat. gynaeceon/gynaecee ~qseli n warp
saqaravno(ix.qaravani) adj caravan saqusle adj shoe
saqajavi(s) n adj press saqSeni(ix.saberveli) n tuyere
~lodi n weight saqcieli n behaviour,proceeding(s)
saqebi/saqebari adj complimentary saRaravi adj goffering,waving
saqvabe(ix.abanos) n furnace room saRebavi(s)(ix.mcenare(uli),cvilis) n adj
saqme n affair,busuness,task,work dye,paint
keTili ~ good deed(s) ~aramdgradi adj fugitive
saqme(ni) n deed(s) ~galesva v ger grind(ing)
saqmes mowyurebuli adj zealous ~gasalesi n pallete
saqmro n bridegroom,fiancé , suitor ~gaxuneba v ger tarnish(ing)
saqoneli(ix.prestiJuli) n goods,staff, ~kargi adj good,vitue of color
ware saRvTo/saRmrTo(ix.batkani,liturgia,we-
~gasayidi/savaWro commodities, goods rili) adj Holy, sacral
(bound to market) saRvTismetyvelo adj theological
~Txevadi n commodities saRi adj fresh,intact,prudent,sanity,virginal
~iSviaTi scarce goods/ware saRirali n fee
~masiuri warmoebis mass produced goods sayalibe adj mould
~malfuWadi n perishable(s) saybeuri(ix.cxenis) n cheek-lace
=naxiri/pirutyvi n cattle,(life)stock saydari(ix.eklesia,saxelobaze) n church
~ ~ mewveli diary cattle,mammalian sayevari n crow-bar,lever,swingle/whipple
~ ~ msxvilfexa drift,herd,large domes- tree
tic animal sayelo n collar

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sayviri n bugle sacdeli adj sounding,tentative,testing, trial

~rqis n horn ~ormo trial pit
~ ~ formis n trumpet sacduri n seduction
sayinule n ice-box/house saceremonio=saweso adj ceremonial
sayoli=uaxloesi naTesavebi n pl usu. ~safari ~ cover
relatives saceri/gacra n v screen=sieve
=naxir-frinveli n pl usu. livestock saceci n claw
sayofacxovrebo adj communal sacecxluri n censer
~nivTi n consumer sacvleli adj changeable,exchange
sayrdeni(ix.firfita) n basis,bolsar,butt- ~erTeuli n exchange unit
ress,footing,jamb,pile,pivot,point,pier, sacnobaro adj reference
prop,projection,resting place,stuncheon sacobi n bung,plug,stopper
support sacxedre=morgi n mortuary
~qva n adj abutment stone sacxenosno adj equestrian
~wertili n support sacxobi n bekery
sayure n ear-ring ~Rumeli backing oven …
~sxivana beamed ~ sacxovrebeli n adj domestic,dwelling,hab-
saSemodgomo adj autumnal itation site,home,house(ing),resid-
saSviliSvilo adj hereditary ence,residential
saSinao/Sina adj domestic ~kvartali n living/residential district/qu-
~moxmarebisaTvis sty for ~ consume/use arter(s)
saSobao adj Christmas=Xmas ~nageboba n domestic structure,house
~marxva n Advent ~pirobebi n pl usu. accommodation faci-
saSualeba(ix.iZleva,xerxi) n aid,instrume- lities,living conditions
nt,means,method,mode,source,way of sacxovreblad vargisi adj habitable
solution,tool ~uvargisi adj untenable
saSualo adj averaged,mean,medium,mid sacxovreblis mowyoba v spurse up
(dle) sacxovrisi n adobe(cottage),dwelling(adobe
saSualod adv averagedly,in an average habit housing,living place,apartment,prae-
of..,medium torii=praetorio Lat.
saSualoze dabali/maRali adj below/ saZgidi n bulk head,cross piece,dam,stra-
over average ight arch,tie plate
saSuamavlo adj arbitrarianintermediary,me- saZerwi adj modeling,moulding,ctucco mould-
diatory,mediatorial,mediative ing
saSuble adj forehead saZvale(Tixis) n ossuary
saCale n fuding/futing rack saZiebeli(wignis) n sing/pl Lat. index/indic-
saCeCeli n wool-carding es
saCexi n animal-shed,byre,pen,run saZiebo adj searching
saCvenebeli adj demonstration,significant saZiravi n bob,sinker,weight
saCveneblad vargisi adj presentable saZirkvelze daSeneba v build on
saCino adj eminent Zvel ~ ~ build on top of/upon earlier/exist-
=xiluli adj visible ing foundation
saCrdilobeli n overhanging,penthouse saZirkveli n basement,(foundation)deposit,
saCuqari n gift,grant,present infrastructure,rubble-packing
gacvla v ger gift-exchange(ing) ~adrindeli/Zveli existing foundation
miReba v accept/get present ~zolebad/rigebad grill plan of supporting
micema ger gift-giving stones
sacavi(ix.saidumlo,siZveleTa) n recepta- ~mtkice sraime saqmisTvis sth built on a
le,repository,storage(room) rock
~Zvlovani masalis osteon storehouse ~qvis stone base/foundation
sacavSi daculi adj sth held in storage(cha- saZirkvlis dadeba=dawyeba v n initiate,ini-
mber) tiation
~mrgvali SemaRleba(miwisa) n sing/pl

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Lat. pulvinus/pulvini sawyisidan adv from the first principle

~Cadgma/Cayra v lay/put the base/faundation sawyisis micema v give rise to the birth of sth
saZmo n brotherhood ~moZieba v n affiliate/affiliation
saZovari n cattle-run,commonality,(grazing) sawyisSive adv from the outset
land,pasture sawyobi n storage chamber,storeroom/area,
~saTemo n commomn,grazing area,lease,pa- store/warehouse
sturage ~satvirTo n magazine
saZovrad vargisi adj pasturable saWapne adj tug
saZromi n entry, manhole saWe(qveynis) n the helm(of State)
sawamlavi/mowamvla n v poison ~Caibaro=Seudge marTvas v take the helm
sawarmo n mill,works,undertaking(s) saWeTmpyrobeli=saWesTan n sb (be) at
sawarmoo adj producing,productive the helm/realm
~cikli productive cycle saWeqi n scraft
sawafi n dumb-bell,weight saWmeli(ix.sakvebi) n diet,food, meal
saweri adj writing saWreTeli n chisel
~mowyobiloba ~ implements/utensils,desk- saWrisi(ix.Tavi) n burin,chisel,knife
set ~amoRarulpiriani n convex chisel
~frTa n goose-quill saWurveli(ix.abjari) n armour
sawerteli n goad saWurvelTmtvirTveli(ix.mesaWurvle) n
saweso adj cult,ritual armourer
~ganbanva n Ablution saWurisi n eunuch
~koconi cult(ceremonial,ritual,sacral)fire saxalifo n k(h)alipat
~cecxli n pire saxalxo adj public
sawvavi n adj fuel ~mkurnali=jara eqimi water-caster
ara ~ n adj nonfuel saerTo ~ country wide
sawveTuri n beak saxareba=oTxTavi=evangele n Gospel(s),
sawvimari n raincoat Scripture(s)
~mili n gutter saxaso adj regal
~milis piri n mouth,spout,water-spote saxate n icon room,iconostass
~ ~ ~ cxovelis saxiT n adj gargoule saxe n appearance,countenance,facefeature,
sawnaxeli n wine press(a one-piece-hewn form, image,mode,pattern,shape,
huge wooden container for pressing significance
grapes with men‟s bear feet) ~bolo adj final form
sawoli n bed,berth,couch =gamosaxuleba n depiction,icon-image,imp-
sawoni n adj weight(ing) ression,portrayal,reflection,repro-
~mowyobiloba ~ instruments duction
sawreti adj drain ~dadgenili set pattern
~wvimis(Tixisa) n sing/pl Lat. imbrex/imb- ~vinmesi/ramisa n image
ricis ~sawyisi adj basic character
~mili n cesspipe,tile drain ~umetyveloexpressionless face/countenance
~ormo n catch pit ~Cofura adj pitted
sawuri n screen,sieve saxedari n donkey
sawyisi n adj base/basic,beginning,initial,ori- saxelgatexili adj notorious
ginal,formative,pioneering,prime,primary, saxelganTqmuli/moxveWili adj celebrate,
very roots,spring-well famous,foremost,outstanding,
~miwieri n earthly origin renowned,luminary
~moRvaweobis n apprenticeship,start career ~vinme n celebrity
~faza n pioneering phase saxeldaxelo adj hasty,rough-and-ready
~Camoyalibebis n formative stage,initial,em saxeldobr adv namely
ergent saxelze/saxelobaze vinmesi adj dedica-
=Canasaxovani infancy ted to sb,named after
~codna n initial knowledge saxeli n label,name,term

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~avi/cudi ill fame ~wyobileba n rule,statehood,state institut-

~adamianis n first name,forename ions
~damaxinjebuli misnomer,misname ~xidi(kavkasia) n bridge land
~ewoda sb/sth named (from)… saxelmwifoebrivi adj statehood
~kargi good name,fame ~wyoba n state institutions
~mieniWa sth named after… ~saxelmwifoebriobamde misuli n state-
~modis/momdinareobs the name derives level society
from saxelmwifoTaSoris(i) adv adj state-to-
~ukvdavi imperishable name state
~Sedgenili hybrid ~ saxelmwifos gaZRola v be at the helm
~Seiqmna v coined from..,invented of… ~daSla v n disintegrate/disintegration
~STamomavlobiTi/memkvidreobiTi ~kuTvnili adj state-owned
patronymic name ~marTva v (be in) govern(ment), rule,run
~jgufuri group term ~marTvis xelovneba n statecraft
saxeliT vinmesi adv in the name of..,on ~marTuli adj state-managed/run
behalf of..,in sb‟s name ~mfarvelobiT adv under the ouspices of
saxelis araswori xmareba v misname state
~gadarqmeva v re-name ~SenarCuneba v n maintain/maintenance
~gamogoneba/Seqmna v n coin(age),inve- ~warmoSoba n v rise of state
nt(ion) name/word for… saxelo n sleeve
~darqmeva v dub,term =Tanamdeboba n belt-power
~magieri an alies for (eg Paris) saxelobaze... adj dedicated to…
~miniWeba/wodeba v name after saxelobis... adj named from…
~mixedviT (as the name) suggests… saxelovani adj famed,famous,important,well-
~mopoveba/moxveWa v achiev/gain fame/ known
name saxelos boZeba v belt
~SenarCuneba rukaze v keep the name saxelosno n craft-shop,manufacturing(work)
on the map shop
~Secvla v rename saxeluri n attachment,handle,hand-grip(ho
saxelmZRvanelo n guide to… ld/grasping),shaft
~damxmare n facility ~azis handle is set on…
=wigni n guide/text book,manual ~aqvs sth is provided with a handle
saxelmwifo n realm,state,politia/politiae n ~burTula n knob
sing/pl Gr. ~gauxvretavi n handle without ring
~aparati n apparatus of state ~grexili n twisted handle
~axladwarmoqmnili/Canasaxovani n em- ~ ~ yulfisebri n twisted loop ~
erging state ~dakbiluli n spurred ~
~TviTmpyrobeluri n empire ~zeaweuli n high-loop(swang)/upswang ~
~manqana n state machine ~lenturi n strap-like ~
~marTva v n govern(ance),be in government ~ maryuJisebri n loop ~
~mniSvnelobis adj sth of state importance ~mrgvalganivkveTiani n furrowed ~
~moRvawe n statesman ~pirsa da mxarze~ linking rim and shoulder
~moxele n civil servant,official ~rqisebri n boast horned ~
~sazRvao n marine/naval power,maritime =sakidi ~ for hanging
state/thalassocracy,empire of the seas =Sverili n ledge handle, lug
~samsaxuri n public service =cru yuri n false handle
~simbolo n state symbol saxeluris Tavi n handle-top,haft,halve,hilt,
~urTierToba(ni) relation(s) on a state shaft,top
level ~mimagreba v attach
~Ralati n high treason ~msgavsi adj handlelike
~Semosavali n revenue ~narCeni n remain/trace of attachment/handl
~Canasaxovani adj emerging state ~Camagreba v haft,terminate

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~ ~ liToniT v weld,insert ~svetebiani n post ~

~xvreli n eye ~RmerTebis n ~ of the gods
saxelSecvlili adj renamed ~ximinjebze n pile-dwelling
saxelwodeba n appellation,designation,na- =xis oda n blockhouse,log-cabin
me,term,title saxlisa adj household
saxeoba n form.kind,shape,sort,species saxloba n family,household
saxeobaTa zeda fenebi n pl upper story of saxmeleTo(ix.gza) adj land,terrestrial
sorts saxmili(ix.qura,Rumeli) n furnace,kiln,ov-
~nakrebi n corpus/corpora of shapes en,praefurnium/praefurnii (n sing/pl Lat)
~simravle wealth of shapes saxnisi(s) n adj plough(share)
saxeobrivi adj one of the kind ~piri n ~ blade/share
saxesxvaoba n variant/version of sth ~frTa n mould board
saxecvlileba v n alter(ation) ~wveri n plough-tip
saxecvlili adj altered saxovani(ix.saxieri) adj decorated,picture-
saxvevela n winch,windlass sque
saxvevi n bandage saxoki(ix.safxeki) n racloir,scraper
saxvreti(ix.dana) n bore,drill,perforator,pri- saxotbo(ix.xotba) adj complimentary,eulo-
cker gy, motto
saxiani=nakveTi(ix.keramika,wyoba) adj saxraxnisi n wrench
decorated,opus interralise Lat. saxrCobela n bough
saxieri(ix.saxovani) adj sth with certain saxsari(ix.cxovrebis) n joint
features ~detalebis SemaerTebeli n swivel
saxizari n castle =finansebi n financial capability
saxiT adv in appearance(clear-cut manner/ = Zala n mainspring
form) saxsovari(ix,mosagonari,saCuqari) n re-
~vinmesi in the person of… memberance,reminder
saxis adj face,facial,one of the kind saxuravi n cover,lid,roof(ing),roof covering/
~gamometyveleba n countenance top
~gamosaxuleba n facial expression ~banuri/erdo flat roof
~micema v fshion into sth =bani/miwuri erdo earthen ~
~nakvTebi n pl features,traits ~gamZle sturdy ~
yvela ~ sth of every kind ~ gvirgvinuli a) a roof of rows of beams.
~Secvla change countenance(form/shape) b) stepped roof(ie when each course of
saxleuli/saxlkari n homestead boads/stones partially over-sails the
saxli(ix.RvTis) n building,home,house one below it until the boards/stones
~mag.bagratovanTa the Bagrations‟ House eventually meet or leave only a small
~ezoTi/nakveTiT n farmstead gap which can be spanned by a cap/
~isliT daxuruli n reed-covered ~ coping stone).
~minaSenebiT=frTebiani wing corridor hou- c) roof of rows of beams spanned by a
cap/coping stone.
se
d) each course of stones is stepped 5
~micvalebulTa a ~ of the dead,mortuary~
5 to 10 cm behind the course below.
~miwuri n pit-house ~gumbaTiani domed(shell,vaulted) ~
~mrudxazovani n curvilinear ~ ~eyrdnoba rasme sth carries the ~
~oTaxebiani n cell ~ ~ ~ svetebs columns carry the ~
~oTaxebiT derefnis orive mxares corri- pillared ceiling/roof
dor ~ ~Tixatkepnili doubed roof
~savaWro n business house ~islis reed covered/thatched ~
~sakrZalavi/micvalebulTa n charnel/ ~kamariani vaulted ~
mortuary ~ ~karvisebri bee-hive shaped,hipped(psvili-
~samlocvelo n meeting ~
on/pyramidal) ~
~senakisebri n cell-like hut ~kiduli(fardulis/Cardaxi) eaves,lean-
~svetebze n dwelling elevated on poles to construction/roof

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~konusuri conical ~ ~ 1 cxenis n stall

~koWovani sole-beamed ~ sajiSe n nursery, adj pedigree
~kramitis tiled ~ , timber and tile ~ sahaero(ix.Rumeli) n air-hole, blast
~lorfinis flag-stone/tile ~ ~gziT adv by-air
~orkalTa four-fitched ~ ~kedlebSi n wall-flue
~ormxrivdaqanebuli gambrel/saddle ~ ~foto n aerial
saddle back/ridge ~ ~Saxti/xvreli air/wind-hole, wind catch
~ orferda sloping ~ (er)(scoop,tower,trap)
~ ~ zed dadgmuli safexurediT segmenturi adj segmental=segmentary=
n crowstep =segmented
~orwvetiani hipped ~ sevada/sevadis(ix.mosevadeba) n adj nielo
~piramiduli steeple ~ ~Savi black enamel
~samkuTxa gabled ~ sezonuri adj seasonal,transhumant
~sarTulebSorisi interstorey ceiling sezonuroba n seasonality
~safexuredi stepped ~ seismurad(ix.anti...) adv seismically
~sayrdenebiani corbelled cover seismuri(ix. anti...) adj seismic
~trapeciuli trapezoid roof seifi(ix.saganZuri) n safe
~unagira saddle(back) ~ seli(s) n adj flax(en)=Lunum usitatssimum
~ficris ~ of planks Lat.
~yavris batten ~ ~kolxuri n adj Linium bienne Mill Lat.
~calmxrivi(minaSenis) lean-to-roof ~qsovili(s) n adj linen
~calferda pitch ~ seminari n workshop
~cilindruli barrel ~ senaki(ix.samarxis) n adobe,cell
~Zelebis log roofed,girder ~ senakisebri adj cell
~Zel-miwuri earth and girder ~ senati n Senate
~Zelfenili/Zelurigirder cover,log roofed separatistuli kuTxe/mxare breakway
~wamaxulwvetiani peak-shrine region
~wvetiani koSkurebiT roof with pin- septemviri n sing/pl Lat. septemvir/septem-
nacle(s) viri
saxuravidan ganaTeba light allowed in(to) serafimi n seraph(ic)
through a gap in the roof(ing) seria/seriebi n serial, series(no sing)
saxuravis gamarTvav carry on,launch,set up ~gamocemaTa a series of publication(on
~gasayari=koWi n ridge beam of the roof theme…)
~Tavxe n gable,lintel seroba(ix.saidumlo) n feast,Church Feast
~Tavxis mali n bay,range sesterciusi n sing/pl Lat. sestertius/sester-
~kalTa/qanobi n pitch tiusi
~kexi n peak of gable sesxeba(ix.gadmoReba) v lend
~kramiti n roof-tile sentencia n gnome,maxim
~lavgardani n coping,moulding setyva n hail
~lartya n roof-batten sefe=sauflo=samefo adj the Lord‟s,Royal
~mansarda/qoredi n attic,garret, loft conve- ~darbazi throne room
rsion,mezanine ~droSa processional flag
~moajiri n parapet (Ital) ~mwignobari Secretary of State
~sayrdeni(ix.eklesiaSi) n pier.pile ~sityvaspeech of welcome,inaugural address
~ ~ Sverili n squinch ~qali n made of honour
~fila n flag-stone/tile,roof slab ~wuli=ufliswuli n prince(ss)
~Sverili lavgardanis Tavze n eave sefiskveri n communion bread,Host
~Sida mxare n inner ceiling seqstiliusi n sing/pl Lat. sextilius/sextilia
~CarCo n framework,rafter seqstus n sing/pl Lat. sextus/sextusi
sajabadro n armoury,arsenal seqtemberi(ix.axalwlisa,enkenisTve,sTul
sajaro(d) adj public(ly) lisari) n September
sajinibo n stable seqcia(ix.sesia) n section

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=sxdoma n workshop siamaye n pride

sexnia n namesake ~Selaxuli wounded ~
svastika(ix.jvari) n swastika siaruli n v ger walk(ing)
svetebiani adj columned,colonnaded ~gamarTuli upright (walking)
svetebis bade n grid of pillars ~moxrili slouching gait
sveti n column,pier,pillar,pole,post,support სიასამური(ს) n adj sable
~dolabebiani n column in drums siaxle n know-how,(in)novation,novel(ty)
~erTi mTliani n monolithic column shaft ~aqamde ucnobi n novel
~Tavisuflad mdgomi n detouched column ~Semotanili n adj novel(ize)(d)
~kanelurebiani n fluted/ribbed shaft siaxlove n affinity,closeness,nearness,pro-
~maRali n high trunk column ximity
~naTlisa n pillar of light siaxloveSi adv close by,in the neighbour-
naxevar ~ n pilaster hood of sth,in close proximity,in im-
~sayrdeni n support bearing column/post mediate vicinity of sth
~fanjris or frTas Soris(qvis/xis) sibere n old age, hoar
n mullion(ed) siberis wlebi n declining years
~calke mdgomi n free stsnding pillar/post sibrtye n flatness,plane
~cxoveli n Life Pillar ~daxrili inclined plane/surface
~wina n advance post sibrtyiT adv flat(wise),prone
svetis baliSi n dado sibrtyobrivi adj plane
~gvirgvini n crown sibrZne n wisdom
~ ~ pirveli first ~ =ima folia Lat. sigane n breadth,width,traverse
~ ~ meore second ~ =secunda folia Lat. ~raRacis CaTvliT ... width including…
~gula n shaft siganeze adv across the breadth/width,bre-
~dolabi n drum adth/crosswise,diametrical cross,at width
~Tavi n drum-cap/capital siganeSi adv in width
~Tavze safexuredi n necking rings ~ siganiT adv at ~
~ormo n posthole mTeli ~ at full ~
~rkali(svetis garSemo) n sing/pl Lat. sigeli(ix.naCuqrobis) n (title)deed
astragal/astragali dacvis ~ n safe-conduct deed
~safeni n base sigluve n smoothness
~safexuredi ornamenti n rings sigrZe(ix.SemorCenili) n footage, length
~sayrdeni n bolsar,chock,footing ~metrobiT n footage
~tani/RerZi n shaft, trunk ~raRacis CaTvliT …length including…
~qusli n abutment sigrZe-siganiT adv at (full) length and width
~cilindruli nawili n drum sigrZe-siganeze adv in ( ~ ) ~ ~ ~
~Ziri n column base,sockle,stem sigrZeze adv at length,length/longwise
svetnari(s) n cloister,colonnade sigrZeSi adv in ~
~sayrdeni qvis fila n sing/pl Lat.stylo- sigrZiv adv along,length/longwise,in length
bates/stylobatae (Gr) sigrZivi adj far,in length,length/longwise
svinaqsari n calendar, sunago (Gr) ~gaZliereba v n exaggerate/exaggeration
svla n procession sigrZivoba n lengthiness
~taqtikuri n ploy sigrZiT... adv …long, in length
sTvlisa(ix.oqtomberi,tiriskani,mwifo- mTeli ~ adv at full length
bisa,Rvinobisa) n October sidable n diminutive height
sTulisari(ix.axalwlis,enkenisTve,seq- sidiade n eminence,hrandeur,greatness,lof-
temberi) n September tiness,magnificence,majesty,magnitu-
sia(ix.nusxa) n list,roster de,paramountcy,prominence,splendour
siaSi Setana v n enroll(ment) sidide n magnitude,quantity,paremountcy,
siadvile n easiness,simplicity size,value
siave(ix.nakli) n evil,imperfectin,vice siviwrove n narrowness
~mouvlina v inflict evil ~zRvruli confined ~

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sivrce(ix.samarxebsSoris) n area,expance, ~msxvili/uxeSi n adj coarse ~

field,range,space,vicinity ~wminda n adj fine ~
~burjebs Soris n bay silaburi adj syllabary
~saz.sargeblobis public pricinct siliani=qviSiani(ix.mosilva) adj sandy
~saerTo sargeblobis n communal open silosi(s) n adj silo
space silueti n silhouette
~Ria open area/space sima=wyalsawreti n sing/pl Lat. sima/sim-
~Sevsebuli figurebiT space within sth fill ae
ed with figures simagre n hardness,solidity,strength
~Sualeduri n landing =kedeli n fortification wall
sivrceze adv across/over area/expance,spati- =Senoba n bastion,fort(ress)
al(ly) simagrisTvis adv for stability
geografiul ~across geographic expance simamace n valour=valor
did ~ over a large area simarTle n fairness,truth
droiT ~ across time expance ~(da)faruli the truth behind
farTo ~ ~ broad ~ simartive n facility,simplicity
sivrcis dadgena v constitute the space simaRle n altitude,height,elevation,loftiness
~SemosazRvra v border,confine,enclose, ~idayvamde/welamde waist height
outline ~raRacis CaTvliT ...length including…
~Semavsebeli sogmani n dowel ~sruli full elevation
sivrcobrivi/sivrcobriv(ad) adj adv spa- ~sxvadasxva various elevation
tial(ly) simaRleebis miRweva v attain new height
sivrculi adj space,spacious,spatial simaRleze adv elevation of…
sizmari n dream simaRliT(mTeli) adv at (full) height
dasizmreba v dream of simaRleSi adv in height
sizuste n accuracy,certainty,confidence,ex- ~mateba v ger rise(ing)
actness,fidelity,precision,punctuality,sure- simaxvile(ramis) n sharpness (of sth)
ness
simbiozi n symbiosis
~udidesi utmost exactness/sureness of
simbolizacia v n symbolize/symbolization
touch
sizustiT(ix.saaTis) adv with accuracy(ex- simbolizmi mdidari/Warbi n exuberant
actness/precision) symbolism
siTamame n boldness,courage simbolizmiT datvirTuli adj replete with
siTbo n wormth symbolism
~gaumtari adj heatproof
simbolo n emblematic,medium,symbol
siTxe(ix.Txevadi) n liquid
~keTilSobilebis ~ of hono(u)r
~Txeli thin ~
~mefobis n crown emblematic of royalty
~susti weak ~
~omSi gamarjvebis n trophy
~mucelSi n ascite
~rwmenis n creed,symbol of persuasion
~wyalwyala watery liquid
~falosis n phallic symbol
sikvdili n die,cross the Styx
~Zalauflebis n symbol of power
=dacema n v fall
simboloTa jgufi n set of symbols
~naadrevi/udroo premature end
simbolos azri/arsi n meaning of symbol
~uecari sudden end
simboluri adj emblematic,symbolic,
sikvdilianoba n mortality
simdidre n affluence,fortune,luxury,richness,
sikvdiliT dasja n Capital punishment,
splendor,wealth
death penalty ~TvalSisacemi adj showy
sikvdilis Semdgomi adj posthumous
simetria n symmetry
siklosi n sing/pl Lat. siclos/siclus
simeCxere=simeCxre n scantiness,sparse-
sikoxtave n delicacy,elegance,neatness,preci
ness,sparsity
sion simi n cord,string
sila/silis(ix.qviSa) n adj sand(s)
simindi(s) n adj corn,maize

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~taro n ear singuri(s) wiTelin adj cinnabar,vermillion

simkveTre n clarity,intensity sineste n humidity
simkvrive n compaction,compactness,hard- sinTezi v n fuse/fusion,synthesize/synthesis
ness,solidity,tension,thickness sinTrononi n synthronon
simokle n conciness,shortness sinkretizmi n syncretism
simpoziumi n sing/pl Lat. symposium/sym- sinodi(s) n adj Synod(al)
posii,workshop sinotive n humidity, moisture
simptomaturi adj diagnostic sinqronuli adj contemporaneous,synchro-
simravle n abundance/abundness,array,ex- nous
tensiveness,great number of sth,large/le- sinjara n test-tube
gion,quantity,multitude of sb/sth,rout,pro- sinjva v ger test(ing),try(ing) out
fussion,array(flood,strands,wealth) of sth, sinji(s) n hallmark,sample,standard
simrgvale n curvator=curving ~aReba v sample,take a test
simrude n incline,inclination,slope ~damRa/dasma n v hallmark
simsubuqe n facility,lightness siraji n wine-merchant,wintner
simtkice n density sirbile n softness
~Zalis n energy ~ sirTule n complication,complexity,difficult-
simqrqale(ix.feri) n matness ty,disadvantage,elaboratness,problem,
simRera(ix.mRera) n song trouble
simyife n brittleness sirinozi n mermaid,water-sprite
simcire n dearth,paucity of sth,rarity,scanti- sirma n braid,galoon,lace
ness,scarcity,sparcity,shortage,lack sircxvili(ix.daRi) n disgrace
~arq.masalis infrequency of finds,patchiness sisadave n artlessness,plainness,simplicity,
scrapes of evidence restraint
~cnobebis sketchiness of information sisvele n moist
simZime n heaviness,weight sisrule n plenitude
simZlavre(ix.fenis) n capacity,power,stre- sisruliT adv to full capacity
ngth,vigor=vigour sistema(ix.gaTbobis,sakanalizacio,qseli
simwvave n sharpness n edifice of sth, system
simwire n paucity,poverty,scantiness sistematuri adj regular,systematic
simwife n maturity,ripeness sistemuri adj system
simWidrove n density sisufTave n cleanliness/cleanness,neatne-
simxurvale n heat ss,purity, tydeness
sinagoga(Si) n synagogue sisqe n density, thickness
~ambioni n Almimari Theba (Jew) ~daSrevebis deepness/thickness of stratifi-
~galera=xezraT naSim n Khezhrat cation
Nashim (Jew) siswore n accuracy,correctness,fairness
~karada,sadac Tora inaxeba n Aaron sisxli(s) n adj blood
ha-kodeshi (Jew)=Arck of Covenant, sisxliani/sisxlismRvreli adj bloody
Shrine sisxliT da gvariT naTesaoba kin and
sinaze n brittleness,delicacy,softness discent relationship,proximity
sinaTle n brightness,clarity,flash,light ~naTesavi blood/cognate with relative
sinaTlis mofena v elucidate ~naTesaoba kinship,relationship
sinamdvile n evidence,real life,reality,reliabili ~naTesauri by birth, kin relationship
ty sisxlis gamoSveba(ix.WurWeli) v n ger
~istoriuli historical conditions/realities blood-let(ing), venesection
~ramis n genuineness ~daRvra samSoblosTvis v shed blood
sinamdvileSi adv in actual fact,in reality for one's country
sinamdvilis dadastureba v n authentica- ~Rvra n v bleed(ing)
te/authentication ~Sededeba v clot
sinarnare n delicacy,facility,smoothness sisxlisgan dacla v delute
sinatife n subtlery sisxlismRvreli adj bloody

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sisxlisRvra n bloodshed siCqare n speed,velocity

sisxlZarRvi n blood vessel sicariele n blank,emptiness,hollow,void of
sitara n citara lacuna/lacunae n sing/pl Lat.
sityva n word sicocxle n life span/time-life,vivacity
~gamosamSvidobebeli forewell speech ~xangrZlivi long lifespan
~daskvniTi concluding remarks ~xanmokle short ~
~misasalmebeli/sefe key note speech, sicocxleSi(ix.deformacia) adv during/in
speech of welcome the lifetime
~moswrebuli well-aimed word ~erTxel rac xdeba sth of a time-life
=moxseneba n speech sicocxliT savse adj vibrant
~nasesxebi n loanword sicocxlis bolo wlebi the twilight years
~frTiani n byword,pithy saying(s) ~gamoxatva v signify life
~Sesavali introductory speech ~gawirva/Sewirva v consecrate life to sth,
sityva-sityviT adv literary,verbatim,word lay down one‟s life for sb/sth
for word ~micema v engender/infuse life
sityvaTa TamaSi n play of words ~saSualeba/wyaro n means/sourse of live-
sityvani n glossary lihood
sityvaZunwi adj concise,sparing of words ~Zala n life force,marrow
sityvierad adv in words,verbally ~xalisi n stamina
~gadmocema v verbalize ~xangrZlivoba n life-span/time,time-life
sityvis araswori xmareba v misname ~saS. ~ life expentancy
n misnomer ~savaraudo ~ longevity,man's expectation
~gadaxazva(amoSla/waSla) v efface of life,life expectancy
~gatexa v go back on one's promise ~xe n the Tree of Life
~micema v give the floor sicocxlisunariani adj resilient,viable,vital
~fuZe n root sicocxlisunarianoba n durability,tenancy,
~Seqmna v n coin(age), invent(ion) for… vitality
~Ziri n stem siZvele n anciency/ancienty,(hoar)antiquity,
siuJeti n subject matter,topic,subplot oldness
siuxeSe n clumsiness,roughness WaRara ~ n adj hoar antiquity
siuxve(ix.rqa) n abundance/abundness,op- siZveleebi n pl antiquities
ulence,plantiness,profussion of,splendo- siZveleTa sacavi n archive,repository
ur,extensivenessplentitude,repletion,flow siZvelis grZnoba n sense of age
of sth,surpluses,surge of sth siZliere n intensity,magnitude,prominence
sifrifana adj delicate,fine,flimsy,light,refin- siwminde(ix.taZari) n holiness,purity,sancti-
ed,slender,sparce,thin ty,sacredness,sacrament
siqa n caulking iron, dies (pl only) =raime n shrine
siqvele(ix.omSi) n proweness =sagani n object of worship,sacred object/
siRaribe(ix.Rariboba) n poverty,penury thing
~monapovris n meagerness/scantiness of siWabuke(ix.siyrme) n adolescence/adoles-
finds,remains cency,youth
siRaribeSi adv (live) in penury siWarbe n abundance,affluence,domination,
siRrme n depth(ness) prevalence,surpluses
siRrmeSi adv in the depth of… siWrele n diversity of colors/sth else,mixed
~midis v sth can be traced back to… character of sth,patchwork
siRrmiseulad adv thoroughly sixSire n frequence=frequency,intencity
siRrue n cavity ~aRmoCenebis (in)frequency of finds
siyvaruli n v love (of sb/sth) ska n (bee)hive
~ramis v penchant/have taste for sth ~gareuli n wood-bine
siyrme n youth skalpeli n dissector.scalpel
siyrmis Svili n adj first born skami grZeli=merxi n bench
siSore n remotness skarabea n scarab

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skeptuxi n sing/pl Lat. sceptuchus/sceptu- soWi(s)=naZvi(s) n adj fir-tree

chi; Gr. skeptoukhai ~evropuli n adj silver fir=Abies nordma-
skeptuxia n Gr. skeptouchoi nniana
skene n sing/pl Lat. scenium/scenii; scene(?) soxane n adj earthen floor
skivri n chest spaspeti(ix.amirspasalari) n commander-
skiptra n scepter=sceptre in-chief
skiptris pyroba=mefoba hold sceptre spilenZ-brinjao(si) n adj copper-bronze
skulpturuli(ix.qandakeba) adj sculptured ~sadnobi adj copper-smelting
~gamosaxulebani n imagery spilenZi(wiTeli) n adj (red)copper
skunsi=myrala n skunk, Mephitis Lat ~dariSxaniani n adj arsenic/arsenious ~
skutumi n sing/pl Lat. scutum/scuti ~TviTnabadi n adj native
sneuli/sneuleba n adj sick(ness) ~pirveladi n adj crude ~
sogmani n dowel ~teqnikurad sufTa n adj tough-cake
~Casma v interline ~yviTeli=TiTberi n adj brass
soio(si) n adj soya spilenZiT dafarva v copper
soko(si)(ix.nakelis) n adj mashroom spilenZis zodi ~ ingot
~kedlis mxatvrobis damzianebeli n ~kveTa v copperplate
sing/pl Lat. fungus/fungi ~madani/madnis n adj ~ ore,raw ~
soli(s) n adj peg,spike,wedge ~mdnobeli n ~ smith
~detalebis damWeri n cleat ~fuli n ~ coin
~formis micema v edge ~Semcveloba n mass of native copper
~Casma v wedge in ~ZarRvi n ~ vein,copperbearing vein
solidi n sing/pl Lat. solidus/solidi spilo(ix.jari) n elephant
soliviT SeWra v edge,lense spilos Zvali/Zvlis n adj ivory
solisebr wamaxuli adj tapered ~ZvliTa da oqroTi adj chryselephantine
solisebri adj cuneiform,tapered,wedge- spirali/spiraluri n adj convoluted,spiral
shaped ~ormagi n adj double-spiral
soliteri n tapeworm spiralis 1 bruni/xvia n wreat
sonRuli(frinveli) n gerfalcon sra(ix.sasaxle) n palace
sorgo(si) n adj sorghum sresa v ger stir(ing)
soro n barrow,den,hole,lair srola v throw
sorsoli(ix.lilvaki) n barrel,braid,plait, ~TofiT v fire, shoot
rim,roller,wisp srulmasStabiani adj full-scale
~wyvili double barrel(ed) sruluflebiani adj enjoing full rights,com-
sofeli n country(side),settlement,village petent,full member
~mTebSi n inundating within mountains srulfasovani adj sth of full value
~patara n hamlet srulqmna/srulyofa v n accomplish(ment),
soflis adj rural,village complete,finish
~mamasxlisi n village headman srulwlovani adj sb of lawful age
~meurneoba n agricultural activities,farming srute n crossing,strait
and animal husbandry stadia n stage
~ ~ Camoyalebebuli fully fledged agricult- stadioni n sing/pl Lat. stadium/stadia
ure stateri n sing/pl Lat. statera/staterae
~ ~ urwyavi rain-fed farming statia(ix.naSromi) n article,essay,paper
~muSa(ix.glexi) n farmer,farmhand =katalogi n collection of articles
~mcxovrebni=mrevli n parish statiis bolos SeniSvna n sing/pl Lat.
sofluri adj bucolic,pastoral,rural appendix/appendices=appendixes
~Semogareni rural surroundings statikuri(ix.uZravi) adj static
sofiti n Ital. soffit ~poza ~ pose/posture
~kesonebiani ~ with coffers statueti n statuette
~yvavilebiani kesoniT ~with fleuron coffer statusi n status
status stela n stele, sing/pl Lat. stela/stelae

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~gamarjvebis n victory ~ stumris miReba v n receive/recieval,recep-

stendi n stand tion
stepi n steppe(land)(s) stumroba v n visit(ation)
stili n style stupa n stupa
~ampiri EEEEmpire ~ sudara n cerements,grave clothes,sheet,
~aRmosavluri=orientalisturi Orienta- shroud
OOOO OOOO OO listic ~ suvereniteti n sovereignty
~gonebamaxviluri/rTuli Daedalic=Dae- suverenuli adj sovereign
dalian ~ suldgmuloba(suldgmulobs) v nourish
~dauxvewavi unkempt ~ sulebis gamowveva v invocate,evoke
~dxvewili terse ~ ~gamomwvevi n invocative
~lakonuri/SekumSuli pithy ~ ~gandevna conjure away/out
~martivi poor/simple ~ suleTi n kingdom come
~mdidruli opulent/rich ~ sulTmofenoba n the Whitsum Day
~metaforuli/saxovani figurative ~ suli n genius,genii=geniuses,mentality,soul,
~sofluri rural ~ spirit
~cxoveluri animal ~ ~ganuteva the breadth went out of sb
~Zveli Old Style ~da guli life and soul
stilizacia v n style, stylization ~daumorCilebeli(mouTokavi,mRelvare
stilizebuli adj stylized n indomitable spirit
~Zalze increasingly ~ ~drois the genius of period
stiliT adv in term of style epoqis ~ n Zeitgeist (Germ.)
stilis gauareseba v n deteriorate(ion) sulierad SeZvra v move
~damkvidreba v become persistant suliereba n mentality
~mimarTuleba n mainstream sulieri adj mental,spiritual,sacred,theolo-
~msgavseba n similarity of style gical
~sakiTxSi in terms of ~ ~erToba n togetherness
~Semqmneli n generator of N ~ ~samyaro n inner world
~Casaxva/aRmoceneba the rise of ~ ~sialove n effinity
~Caqsova fuse into a ~ of… sulis mosaxsenebeli n requiem
stilisturad adv stylistically ~SemZvreli adj breah-taking,harrowing,soul
~axlos close in style shaking
stilisturi adj stylistic ~STaberva/Caberva v enliven,imbue,infuse,
~ xerxi n ~ device inspire
suliskveTeba n aspiration to,striving for
stilobati n sing/pl Lat. stylobate/styloba-
sulisCamdgmeli n initiator,generator
tae
stilosi n sing/pl Lat. stilus/stili suliwmi(n)da n Holy Spirit,Spirit of God
stilSi adv in sb's custom;in customs of sth sunamo n amber,perfume,scent
stiqari n ebb,cotta suni(ix.surneli,usuno) n scent
stiqarosani n sticheron ~kargi n perfume
stiqia/stiqiebi n element(s)=earth,air,fire, ~cudi n odor
water suniti n adj Sunnite
=amindi n storm suraTi n depiction,photo,picture
stiqiuri adj elemental,spontaneous,uncont- surinji(s) n adj red lead
rolled surneli n aroma,flewer,flavour,odour,scent
~ubedureba n natural calamity/disaster ~damaTrobeli adj sth redolent of sth
stoa=stova n church-porch, stoa (Gr) surnelovani adj fragrant,perfumed,scented,
strategosi n Gr. strategos sweet
stumarTmoyvare(ara~) adj (in)hospitable suro(si) n adj ivy
stumarTmoyvareoba(ara~) n (in)hospitability sursaTi n (food) product
stumarTmoyvrulad(ara~)adv (in)hospitably surwyunisi(ix,apani,ianvari) n January,
stumarmaspinZloba n hospitality February

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sustad adv badly,poorly,weakly sxveni n attic,garret,loft

susti adj faint,frail,poor,vulnerable,weak sxivana adj beamed,radiating
sufTa(ix.wminda) adj clean,pure sxivebad gaSla v n radiate/radiation
sufra n table-cloth ~gafantva v divergent,in a radial fashion
sfero n area,field,realm,sphere sxivebi gafantuli adj divergent
sferuli(ix.Tavi) adj global,spherical sxivTa kona n box of beams,shaft of light
sfinqsi n sing/pl Lat. sphinx/sphinges sxivi n beam,gleam,ray
sfragistika n sphragistics sxivisa/sxivuri(ix.sxivana) adj radial
sqeli adj thick,heavy sxivmosili adj radiant
sqellanCiani adj thick-soled shoe sxivmfeni adj beaming
sqema n chart,diagram,device,pattern,scheme sxivurad adv radially
sqematizacia v n schematize/schematization ~ganlagebuli adj radial
sqematuri adj diagrammatic,schematic,sche- sxivuri adj radial
matized,sketchy sxmuli n cast(ing),ingot,smelting
sqematuroba n sketchiness of sth =detali n cast, detail
sqesi n gender, sex sjuli=rjuli belief,faith
sqizma n schism sjulis ficari n records,table
sqolastikosi n scholasticos=scholasticus
scena n scene
t
tabaki n table,tray
~TeatrSi n boards,stage
tal-kvesi n flint and steel
~raime nivTze sth bearing a scene of…
talavari(ix.maRlari) n Khevsurian gar-
scenaze dadgma v enact,stage
ment/shirt
scenari n scenario,stage craft
talani n gallery,passage
scenidan wasvlav go off/pass from the scene
talanti n gifts,talent
scenis mxatvroba n stage painting
talaxi(s)(ani) n adj mud(dy)
sceniuri adj scenic
talki(s) n adj soapstone,steatite
swavlebani n teaching(s)
talRa n wave
=Studiebi n pl usu. studies
talRisebri/talRovani adj curvilinear,ripp-
swavlul(n)i n sing/pl authority,learned
led,wavy
man/men,scholar,wit(s)
tanadi adj stately
swvdeba v embrace(s), span(s)
tangaZarculi adj dismantled
~...dan...mde v sth ranging from…to;runs thr-
tandabali/tanmorCili adj not high/tall,
ough…
short
sworgverda adj straight-sided
=pirvelyofili adamiani short stature
sworkuTxa adj rectangular,square-cut
tani n body,shaft,stem,torso
sworkuTxedi n rectangle
~zeda nawili upper part of body
~kuTxeebmomrgvalebuli n adj subrectan-
~mTeli life-size
gle/rectangular
~moqnili slender-built body
sworupovari adj matchless
~qveda nawili lower part of ~
sworxazovani adj direct,(recti)liniar
tanisamosi(ix.samosi) n clothes
sworxazovnad adv straightforwardly
~tanze momdgari adj skin-tight,tightly fitted
sworxazovneba n straightforwardness
~yoveldRiuri adj casual
sxeuli n body,flesh;corpus/corpora (Lat)
tanmaRali(ix,sveti,xe) adj tall
~moqnili slender built body
tanjva(ix.wameba) n v torment,torture
~tlanqi awkward/clumsy ~
tanjuli(ix.wamebuli) adj torment,tortured
~ucxo extraneous/foreign ~
tarani n v ger ram(ing)
sxeulis dazela v n embrocate/embrocat-
tareba v ger carry(ing)
ion
~dazianeba v n bodily injury ~tansacmlis v ger wear(ing)
~morTva/moxatva v n decorate/decoration ~titulis v carry a title
~welszeda nawili n bust tarze mibma v bind sth to sth
sxvaoba n contrast,difference,variation tari n handle

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~gaxvretili adj holed tegani(ix.mariamsakmeli)n adj rue,Ruta Lat.

taris dageba v fix,haft,mount,pin,put on,stick tevadi adj capacious
~Tavi n handle top tevadoba n bulk,(have) capacity
~Camagreba v haft tevri n thicket
tarsikoni(s) n adj morocco,Levanter tengamZle adj moisture proof
tarxuna/tarxunis(mwvanili) n adj terrag- tenva v ger pack(ing)
on=Artemisia dracunculus Lat. teniani adj moist
tafa gasaTbobad brazier=brazero terasa(ix.baqani) n terrace
~ ~ gadasatani portable ~ ~ terasuli adj stepped,terraced
tafobi n hollow,small valley terakota/terakotis n adj terracotta
~tyiani wooded hollow ~ostati n coroplast
taZari(ix.eklesia,saydari) n cathedral, teritoria n domain,area,range,stretch,te-
church,oracle,shrine,temple rrain,territory
~samlocvelo n sanctuary ~garSemo n neighbourhood(s),surrounding
~siwmindis n shrine of sanctity regions/territory
~qalaqi n city/town of worship ~didi vast area/vicinity,vast/wide expance
~cecxlis n fire altar/temple extensive area,large territory,soil
~warmarTuli n oracle,sanctuary,shrine, ~ekvris/mezobeli v abbuts,adjoins
temple ~vinmes xelSi eg. Georgian-hold
taZrad miyvaneba v the presentation in the ~vrceli broad stretch of territory,vast area
temple ~mosazRvre border(ing) on area/land
taZris teritoria/Semogareni n precincts ~mowyvetili=Sori n discrete area
taxi n (wild) boar ~mcire restricted area
~eSvi n fang =sivrce n range,stretch
2
taxtze asvla v ascend/come to the throne ~farTobiT... area ranging from N m
~asvlis dRe n regnal day ~Semorkaluli n an arc of territory
~Tavdasxma/Seteva v assault on the throne ~SemoRobili n compound, walled area
~mjdomi n enthroned figure ~ZiriTadi n core territory
~uari memkvidris sasargeblod v (politi- teritoriaze adv over/within the territory,on
cal) demise sb's soil
taxti n throne ~gadaWimuli adj running/stretched across
~mRvdelmTavris n table ~gavlena v hold sway over an area
~uflis LLord's (the Holy) ~ ~Rrmad adv deep in the territory
~xis=sawoli n tresle-bed ~Zalauflebis gavrceleba v extend sb‟s
taxtidan gadagoma v n abdicate/abdication rule over territory
~ ~vinmes sasargeblod v abdicate in fa- teritoriebi garSemo surrounding regions
vor of sb teritoriis garSemo adv around the area
taxtis gadasvla v n pass ~dakaveba v take over the territory
~ ~ memkvidreze v n demise ~dakargva/Camocileba v n disrupt(ion)
~dakaveba v assume/take the throne ~damcroba v recede into core/smaller territ-
~dakavebisas/miRebisas adv on assuming ~ ry
~mitaceba v seize the ~ ~dacla/mitoveba v n devastate(ion)
~miReba v assume the ~ ~mierTeba v n annex(ation)
~ ~ memkvidreobiT v succeed to the ~ ~miRma adv outside the area
~survilis arqona v eliminate claims to ~nawili n part/slab of territory
the ~ ~farTobi ramis garSemo n arc of land
~SenarCuneba v uphold the ~ ~Semcireba v recede
taxtrevani n litter,palankeen=palanquin teritoriuli adj territorial
tba n lake ~mTlianoba ~ integrity
~damSrali dried ~ ~mowyoba ~ arrangement
~xelovnuri n dam lake ~qseli n ~ network
tbispira/piri n lakeland/side teritoriuloba n territorialty

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termini(s) n term texili(ix.xazi) adj broken

~dadastureba v warrant the term tvini n brains
~Seusabamo n antilogy ~zurgis n pith
~Seqmna v coin/invent the term for… ~qerqi n adj cortex
terfi n foot tvirTbrunva n commodity circulation
tetradraqma n sing/pl Lat. Tetradrachma/ tvirTmzidaoba n draught
Tetradrachmae tvirTva v burden,load
tetratemorioni n sing/pl Lat. Tetratemo- tvirTi n baggage,burden,charge,load
rion/Tetratemorioni ~mSoblis/Svilis n v tax
tetrarqi(a) n tetrarch(y) tvifvra v ger emboss/stamp(ing),
teqnika n technique tiara n tiara
~xelsawyo-iaraRebis keTebis tool/weap- tibikoni=tipikoni n Gr. typikon
on working ~ tivtiva n float
teqnikuri adj technological,technical tivtivi v n ger float(ation)(ing)
teqnologia n technology tiki(ix.rumbi) n water/wine skin (usu.made
~Camoyalibebuli n mastered ~ of goat-hide)
~Canasaxovani fledging ~ tilo(si) n adj cloth
teqstebis simravle n wealth od textual evi- ~gansabaneli n lavabo towel
dence ~saxatavi n canvas
teqsti n (in)script(ion),record,text ~uxeSi n adj sackcloth
~arasruli sketchy text ~xami adj unbleached
~gvatyobinebs/ikiTxeba=teqstSi weria timpani n sing/pl Lat. tympanum/tympani=
the script reads/runs as followes,says tympan(on)
~gviambobs v text concerns sb/sth tipi n type
~dakavsirebuli ~ (is) concerned with sth ~gabatonbuli predominant ~
~damaxinjeb(a)(uli) v adj corrupt(ed) text ~gavrcelebuli common,widespread ~
~exeba v text pertaining to sb/sth ~ganmsazRvreli diagnostic(leader/leading)
~samuSao=qvaze gadasatani master ~ ~daxvewili accurate(afficient,ornate,refined
~ucvleli adj literatim ~ZiriTadi basic ~
~qvaze n stone-written ~ ~wamyvani leading ~
teqstis aSia n margin tipikoni n typicon
~aSiaze SeniSvna n apostil tipiuri/tipiurad adj adv typical(ly)
~bolos SeniSvna n sing/pl Lat. appen- tipologia n typology
dix/appendices=appendixes tipologiuri/tipologiurad adj adv
~gverdis bolos SeniSvna n foot-note typological(ly)
~nawyveti n passage,piece tirani n tyrant
~Sesworeba=koreqtura proof correcting/ tirania n tyranny
reading,proofread,correct the press/text tire n dash,hyphen
teqstobrivad=zustad adv literatim,textu- tirisdeni(ix.noemberi,tiriskoni,giorgo-
tually bisa) n November,December
teqstobrivi adj textual tiriskani(ix.mwifobisa,sTvlisa,oqtombe-
teqstSi SeniSvna n reference ri,Rvinobisa) n October
~wyvetili n chasm tiriskoni(ix.noemberi,tirisdeni,giorgo-
teqtonikuri adj tectonic bisa) n November
~napralebiT SemosazRvruli terito- tirifi=Zewna n willow,with
ria,romelic sxva adgilebTan Sedare- tirifis=Zewnis(ix.wneli) adj withy
biT dabla daweuli n graben=rift valley titveli adj bare,nacked,nude
~fila n plate titulatura n titulary
~filebis gadaadgileba v plate shift,up- tituli(s) n title
heaval ~gadacema v descend
~gaxsna/naprali v n fault tixari(ix.datixvra,minanqari,) n partition
=kedeli ~ wall

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~Sida inner ~ carry on the ~

tixrebiT danawevreba v screen by partiti- ~gavlenis qveS adv influenced by traditions
ons ~gaqroba v disappear,go out
tkboba n bliss,felicity; v admire,enjoy,feast ~gawyveta v break of tradition
tkepna v ger ram(ing),tamp(ing),tread(ing) ~damkvidreba v become/make a custom
tkeCi(s) n adj stave,tag ~darRveva destroy the tradition(s)
tkili(s) n adj malm,marl ~dacva v n observe/observance (of) ~
~qva/qvis n adj malmstone ~mixedviT adv sth made in the N ~
tkipa n tick ~narCeni/naSTi n fronge of X tradition
tlanqad adv clumsily,roughly ~uaryofa v abandone/break with ~
~naTali/nakveTi roughly cut(hewn/worked ~Sesusteba v n restrict(ion)
up) tradiciuli adj traditional,in the ~ of…
~naZerwi adj ~ modeled =Cveuli adj common,current
tlanqi adj clumsy,rough transgresia n transgression
tobi(Tevzi) n Chondrostoma transkulturuli adj transcultural
toga n toga transmigracia n transmigration
tolaRi n foot binding,puttee transporti(ix.satransporto) n transport
tolgverda adj equilateral ~borbliani n vehicle
toli(a)(ix.udris) adj v equal,match,sth is transportiT adv on mobiliary
equivalent in value to sth trapezi n dining/refectory table
=gadasaxuri n roofing paper v have a meal
=swori adj (co)equal trapecia n sing/pl Lat. trapezium/trapezia
=fardi adj match trapeciuli adj trapezoid(al)
tolferda adj isosceles traqtati n treatise
tomara/tomris n adj sack ~politikuri n agreement,treaty
tomTa Soris(i) adj inter/intra clan triada n triad
tomi n tribe triali v n ger circulate/circulation,revol-
=wigni n volume ve around sth,turn(ing)
tomis adj tribal triangulacia n triangulation
~beladi n chieftain,tribal chief tribuna n platform, stand
tomobrivad adv tribally tribuni n tribunus
tomobrivi adj agnatical,tribal triglifi n triglyph
tondo n Ital. tondo triviumi n trivium
toni(ix.naxevar..,feri) n tint triklinumi n sing/pl Lat. triclinia=triclinium/
topografi n surveyer, topographer tricliniae
topografiuli adj topographic trikonqi n Gr. triconch
qveynis ~ samsaxuri n Ordnance Survey triptixi n Gr. triptych
torevti(ka) n toreut(ic)(s) triumvirati n triumvirate
torsi n sing/pl Lat. torso/torsi triumviri n triumviri
torfi(s) n adj beat bog,peats triumfi n v triumph
torfnari(s) n peaty soil ~sruli crowning ~
totebiani=datotvili adj branchy trompi n Fr. trompe
toti n branch,snag tropari n anthem, troparion (Gr)
~gverdiTi adj lateral branch trotuari n pavement,sidewalk (AmE)
tradicia n heritagr,tradition tualeti(ix.magida) n latrine
~gamZle/mtkice adj enduring tradition =morTuloba/Cacmuloba n ger dress(ing)
~mxatvruli adj artistic ~ tunika n sing/pl Lat. tunica/tunicae
tradiciaze agebuli adj building/built on turniri(ix.Sejibri) n tournamrnt
tradition tufi(s) n adj hassock
tradiciiT adv by tradition,sth belongs to ~vulkanuri n adj tuff
X ~ ~kiriani n adj tufa
tradiciis gagrZeleba(ix.uaryofa) v ~miniseburi=ferflis n adj vitric tuff

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~namtvrevi n adj ground tuff tyis gavrcelebis sazRvari timber line

tufis/tufogenuri adj tuffaceous ~ganadgureba/Semcirebav n deforest(ation)
tuCi n lip ~gaSeneba v n forest(ation)
tuCiani(ix.WurWeli) adj beak-spouted ~gaCexva v forest clearance
tuCsafari n lip-cover ~zoli n timber line
tyavi(s)(ix.Txa/Txis,xaris,xis) n (raw) hide ~kaci n devil, wood goblin
~bewviT n felt,fur,hide ~meufe n master of wood
~bude n leather sheath ~nakveTi n tracks of timber
~gamoyvanili=tyavis n adj leather ~napiri n outskirts of wood
~gamocvla(gvelis) v molt ~neiliTi n Forest Neolithic
~glemurZi=qoni n adj fat ~piri n edge of the forest/wood
~glemurZis/qonis mosaSorebeli kunZi ~sakvebis damamzadebeli n forest forager
n stake ~safari n forest cover
tyapuWi n sheepskin coat ~sixSire n density
tye(ix.tyiani,tyis,utyeo,Sori) n forest, ~feria n dryad
wood(land) ~Cexva v ger fell(ing)
~axalgazrda new/young forest ~Wra v lumber
-buCqi n coppice(d) woodland tyorcna v sling,shoot,throw
- veli n forest-steppe tyruSuli n adj hurdle-work,twinning,wattle
- mdelo n forest-meadow ~aliziT Selesili wattle and daub
~meCxeri sparce wood hourdis
~nakafi wood-cutting area tyupi/tyupad(ix.gaormagebuli) n adj
~namarxi fossilized wood twin(ed)
~samSeneblo timber ~ u
- stepi n partially wooded steppe
uadgilo adj irrelevant,out of place,no room
~udaburi=uRrani n thicket
for sb/sty
~foTlovani deciduous forest
~adgilas dadeba v mislay
~fstis pistachio woodland
uamravi adj heap/mass of sb/sth,large qua-
~qserofiluri xerophile ~
ntity/quantities,numerous,pile of,uncoun-
~Sereuli mixed ~ table
~wvrilfoTlovani small-deciduous ~ uangaro adj gratuitous (work)
~wiwviani coniferous ~ ~daxmareba generous help
~xSiri n thicket uari(s) v refuse,refusal
~jag-rcxilis wood of hornebeam ~Tqma n refuse,withdrow
tyemali n wild plum-tree ~ ~ anderZiT v bequest
tyve/datyveveba n v captive ~ ~ miwaze/uflebaze sxva qveynis sa-
~omis n prisoner of war sargeblod omis Sedegad v n ce-
tyveoba n captivity de(ssion)
tyvia n bullet uaryofa v cancel,challenge,demolish,disap-
~gula/guli n ~ core prove/disapproval,disallow,neglect,ov-
=liToni n adj lead erthrow,repel sb/sth,refuse,reject,resist
~ ~ naxSirbadiani=naxSirJangiani n =acileba v n decline,refute(ation),repuls
adj cerussite challenge
tyvianarevi adj leaded ~sazogadoebisagan v supplant
tyviiT daduReba/daduRebuli n adj ~cnobis v cull
lead-mend uaxlovdeba v comes nearer,reaches
tyiani adj (area) dark with woods,wood(ed) =gavs sth is readily comparable
land,woody ubadlo adj incomparable,matchless,unequ-
~adgili/qveyana tinbered/thickly forested ivalent,surpassed
area/country ubani/ubnis n adj block,district,suberb
~zona n timber line ~velze area,plot,site
tyiT dafarva v cloack with trees, wood ~ufrosi n site supervisor

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ubatono adj lordless surance,fund(ing),provide/provision,

~xalxi unruly people secure,well-being
ube(kedelSi,xidis) n bay ~ramis v guarantee
=mkerdi n bossom uzrunvelyofili adj wellprovided for sth
uberebeli adj timeless ~SemosavliT adj endowed with sth
ubiZga v push(ed) sb uzurpacia v n usurp(ate)/usurpation
ubralo adj artless,bare,cheap,artless,bare, uzurpatori n usurper
cheap,humble,mere,modest,natural,or- uzustoba(ni) n ambiguity,suspicion,uncer-
dinary,plain,simple tainty/uncertainties
~mokvdavi n a mere mortal,man of mould uTavo adj headless
ubralod adv intimately,merely,just a.., ~micvalebuli adj decapitated
simply uTanabro adj irregular,uneaven
ubraloeba n artlessness,simplicity uTanabroba n disparity,inequality,uneven-
ubrZolvelad adv without striking a blow ness
ugvianesi adj the latest uTanasworoba(ix.uflebrivi) n inequality
ugzooba n absence of roads uTanxmoeba n v conflict,confront(ation),con-
ugzo-ukvlo(d) adj dissipation,senseless, tention,controvert/controversy,
useless discrepancy
~dakarguli sb go(es) missing ~vinmesTan v be at odds/bring into conflict
ugrexeli(s)=ospi(s) n adj lintel,wild buck- with sb
wheat ~socialuri n social conflict
udabno(ix.meudabnoe,savane) n desert uTvistomo adj sb of humble origin,sb with-
=gandegilisTvis n hermitage out kith or kin
=monasteri n laura,monastery uTiTo adj lacking fingers or toes
~naxevrad n semiarid uTixo(ix.ukeramiko) adj without clay
udaburi adj deserted,not settled uTxovari(s)=wiTeli xe/xis n adj maha-
udamwerlobo adj having no written lang- gony=Swetenia mahagony Lat.
uage,prehistory uiaraRo adj unarmed
udanaSaulo adj innocent uimedo(d)adj adv beyond hope,failure,hope-
udidebulesoba(vinme) OOne‟s Magesty lless(ly)
udrekad adv firmly,impenetrably,unshakably uiRblo adj failure
udreki(ix.masala) adj impenetrable,inflex- ukadrisa=ZaRlis ena(mcenare) n adj dog‟s
ible,rigid /hound‟s tongue
~adamiani firm/inexorable person ukan adv backward(s) behind,to the rear
~rwmenaSi unwavering in one‟s faith ~daubruneblad adv irrevocably
udrekoba n firmness,impenetrability ~daxeva/wasvla v digress,diversion,recede,
uduRabo(ix.wyoba) adj dry retreat,satback(s)
uebro adj matchless,unequalled =win adv back(eg a year back)
uerTdeba v (ad)joins,links ~waReba v withdrow
uvado(ix,uwyveti) adj perpetual ukana adj dorsal,hind(er),rear
uvargisi(ix,uRirsi) adj bad,imperfect,imp- =bolo adj tail end
racticable,poor,unfit,useless,worthless ~meoTxedi n hind quarter
uvercxlo=uqoneli adj propertyless ~mxare n rear surface,reverse
uvnebeli/uvneblad adj adv intact(ly) ~mxares adv on the reverse
uzado adj irreproachable,splendid ~nawili n backdrop of=backcloth
uzarmazari adj colossal,extensive,huge,im- ~naxevari n hind part
mence,mass of..,overwhelming,prof- ~win adv hinder part before
ound,tremendous,utmost ~xedi n back sight
~teritoria huge area,extensive territory ukanasknel modaze adv in the latest fashion
uzenaesi(ix.RmerTi) adj imperial,supreme ~wlebSi adv in the last years
uzrunveloba n carelessness ~xans adv lately,recently
uzrunvelyofa v n ger assure,ensure/en- ukanaskneli adj the last,latter,recent,final,ul-

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timate umarTeblo adj unacceptable

=axali adj recent umarili(s) n adj whitewash
ukanono(d)adj adv illegal(ly),lawless,unlawful umartivesi adj elementary,easiest
~miTviseba v misappropriate umaqnisi adj sth ill suited for.., useless
~Svili n baseblood,base-born,illegitimate umaRles adv adj top…
child ~mwvervalze be at its/one‟s greatness
ukanonoba n illegitimacy umaRlesi adj highest,superb,supreme,tallest
ukeramiko adj aceramic,pre-pottery umaRlesoba(vinme) (your) Honour/Worship
ukvdavad adv timelessly umboni n hogged plate,hog-locked plate,
ukvdaveba n eternity,immortality,life eternal,ti- n sing/pl Gr. umbo/umbonis
melessness umetyvelo(saxe) adj expessionless
ukvdavi adj enduring,eternal,everliving,immor umecreba n (bonds of) ignorance
tal,imperishable,timeless umTavresad adv mainly,most commonly,pri-
ukvdavyofa v n eternalize/eternize,immort- ncipally
alize,record umTavresi adj basic,chef,essential,fundamen-
~vinmesi v n perpetuate(ion) (of)one‟s name tal,crusial,dominant,main,sth of major
ukidegano adj boundless,infinite importance,principal,primary,the root,
ukiduresi adj extreme,marginal,tail end predominant,vital,sth (is) paramount
uklaso adj classless umi adj raw,uncooked
ukmarisoba n deficiency,lack of sth,paucity uminarevo adj pure, solid
uku adj adv conversely,inverse,inverted,re- umiwawylo=umiwo adj landless
current,retroactive,reverse umiwoba n lack of land
~kavSiri n feedback umkerdo adj breastless
~Zala n imposed on by sb,retroactive umoqmedo adj disused,dormant,ineffective
ukugdeba v n cast away,overthrow,refutation umrwmesi=umcrosi adj junior, minor,secun-
~mtris v repel dus
ukugeba/ukugebiTi(ukuqceviTi) v adj ret- umciresi adj the least,minor
roactive,returns(n pl) umciresoba(ix.eTnikuri) n minority
ukudineba n back current umwvavesi adj crucial
ukudo adj tailless umwikvlo adj chaste,pure,righteous
ukuviziri n backsight umwifari adj immature,unripe,subadult
ukuneTi n darkness umjobesi adj fitting, preferable
ukuniTi ukunisamde adv from time eternal unagira adj two humped
ukurkali n reversed curve(bow,shaft) unagiri(s)(ix.uRel..,cxenis) n saddle
meoTxedi ~ reverse quarter round ~dadgma v saddle
ukurnebeli adj incurable ~ ~ sapalnis v empanel
ukuqceva v recede,reflux,repercussion ~Tasma mucelze n girth
ukuRma adv back to the front,controversly,inn- ~kexi n pommel
ner/wrong side,inside out ~qalis n side-saddle
ukuRmidan adv on the inner side ~ostati n harness maker,saddler
ulevi/uleveli adj endless,inexhaustible, unakero adj seamless
never ending unaklo adj intact,normal,perfect,safe,whole
uleveloba the Infinite unar-Cveva(ix.Cvevebi) n awareness,skill
ulvaSi n moustache unari(ix.midrekileba,saqmianoba,Seswevs)
ulufa n bit, portion n ability,faculty,means,efficiency,skill(s)
=kerZi/naWeri n helping ~kiTxvis,metyvelebis,weris reading,or-
umagaliTo adj unprecedent al,writing ability
umaduri adj ungrateful unariani adj (sb) able (of sth)
umaduroba n ungratefulness unaris mqone adj capable,efficient
umanko adj virgin ~armqone=unarSezRuduli adj disable
~Casaxva n the virgin birth,Immaculate Con- unarSezRuduli adj sb disable
caption unda (auxiliary word) have to,must,ought to,

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 სარჩევი

should other
unebarTvo adj unauthorized ~gadaWdobili adj interlocking
uneblie(d) adj adv accidental(ly),unintenti- ~gadaxveuli adj interlase(d)(ing)
onal(ly) ~dacilebuli adj diverging
unetaresi adj Blessed ~zurgSeqceuli adj adorsed,back to back
unetaresoba(ix.uwmindesoba) sb Blessful ~momdevno adj consecutive,subsequent
unuJrebo adj straight grained ~monacvle adj interchangeable
uomrad adv without striking a blow ~monacvleobiT adv interchangeably
uornamento adj chaste,plain,undecorated ~Cawnuli/Caxveuli adj interlace(d)(ing),
upasuxo adj dumb,not/un answered interwoven
upativcemloba v n disrespect to sb/sth ~CaWideba v interlock
upiratesad adv in favour of,in the main, urTxeli(s) n adj yew ,Taxus gen
mainly,predominately,primarily,prevailing urika n wheel-barrow
(ly),respectively,sth is par exellence ~xelis n hand-barrow,cart
upiratesi adj benefitial, pre-eminent,superior urmis gaweva v pull
upiratesoba n advantage(s) upon sth,bene- ~dandali/dandlebi n v batten
fit(s),preference,predominance,pre-eminen- ~Tvali n wheel
nce,precedence,priority,prevelance,supre- ~ ~ manebiani adj spoke(d) wheel(ed)
macy,dominate/dominance,benefit,privilege ~ ~ masiuri=umanebo adj disc/solid
upiratesobiT adv preferentially,in preferen- wheel,wheel of solid wood
ce with… ~ ~ jvaredinmanebiani adj cross-bar ~
~sargebloba v enjoy privileges ~Tvlebis dasamagrebeli RerZi n ax-
upiratesobis dakargva v lose favor to sth le-tree
~miniWeba v advantage,favour sb/sth,give ~ ~ SemaerTebeli ~ n shaft
priority to sb/sth ~ ~ RerZi gadis... axle passes…
~miniWeba v favor,give primacy to sth,predil- ~Tvlis garsakravi/salte n batten,fel-
ection for sth,privilege loe,rim,tyre
~miReba v enjoy privileges ~ ~ ~ liTonis n fender
~mopoveba v take advantage of sth,take the ~ ~mili RerZis Casasmelad n hob
lead in sth ~ ~ morgvi n nave
~mqone adj favored
~ ~ ~ manebiT n nave, hub
~qona v hawk the superiority
~ ~ nakvalevi n gauge,wheel-track
upirovno adj impersonal
~ ~ ostati n cart/wheelwright
upriani adj apt,germane
~ ~ resori(laT) n spring
upyria(ix.xelT) v grasps,holds,holding
~ ~ resorqveSa anjama n spring hinge
uraSa(si)(balaxi) n adj Lat. Poterium
~ ~ rkali gare n felly
sanguisorba
~ ~ ~ Sida n felly,hub(Sida/gare=
urbanizacia v n urbanize/urbanization
=fersos)
urbanizebuli adj urbanized
~ ~ sagduli n brake
urdo n hord=horde
~ ~salte=garsakravi n batten
urduli n closures,lath,locking,slide-valve
~ ~ferso n rim,stud
~Rerakiani n pin tumbler lock
~ ~keTebis xelovneba n chariotry
uremi n (ballock)cart
~kandribi(kandrivi/kirkali) n ring
~borbliani n wheeled ~
~rvili n (draught) pole,shaft
~oTxTvala/saZne n four-wheeler ~,wagon
~uReli n (horn) yoke
~orTvala n two-wheeled ~ ,wheeler
~ ~ caluReli horse collar,whithers yoke
~Sebmuli n animal-drawn cart
~uRlis apeur(eb)i n binding(s)
~Cardaxiani n tilt(ed) ~
~ ~ tabiki n king-bolt,pintle
urvadi=yalimi n bride money
~Sebma v attach to,harness,yoke
urTierT (part of Georgian compound no-
~Cardaxi n tilt
uns,adjectives) each ohter,one another,
~CarCo n pl usu. chassis
mutual
~gadamkveTi adj crossing/intersecting each ~Zara n (chariot) box

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~Zaris CarCo n undercarriage angelozTa ~ Lord of Hosts

~Wali=Wavli n peg ufalo,Seismine! God,answer!
~Wilibi=WiWlaqi=riki n axle-pin ~Seiwyale! Lord,have mercy upon sb
~xelna n pole,shafts ufero/uferuli(ix.feri) adj colourless,
urna n (funerary) urn discolored,dull,insipid
uro(ix.qvis) n knob ufexo adj legless
=mcenare n Lat. Ischaemum Caucasicus uflebrivi adj legal,lawful,rightful
~mWedlis n hammer,sledge ~Tanasworoba legal equality
~naxevarwriuli n gauge ~uTanasworoba ~ inequality
~sabrZolo n battle hammer uflis(a) adj Lord's,Master‟s,Saviour‟s
urosmcemeli n hammerer ~saflavi Holy Sepulcher (the)
urqo adj hornless,polled ~saxli Master's palace
urRvevi adj indestructible ~taxti Lord's (Holy) table
uryevad(ix.utexad,udrekad) adv adhere ufliswuli n archduke,prince(ss)
uryevi(ix.udreki,utexi) adj abiding,const- uformo adj form/shapeless
ant,firm,inexorable,solid ufrTo adj wingless
urCxuli n dragon,monster ufskero adj bottomless
urCxulTan mebrZoli n dragon fighter ufskruli n abysm,precipice
urci(s)(ix.qondara) n adj Ziziphora uqme n dayoff,Sabbath
urwmuno adj irreligious,unbeliever uqmi adj dissipate
~Toma Doubting Thomas uqoneli adj needy,propertiless
urwmunoeba n irreligion uqonloba n lack of sth
usapiro adj uncovered uqonlobiT adv by lack of sth
usafrTxo(d) adj adv safe(ly),secure(ly) uqrobi adj inextinguishable
usaxelo adj anonymous,nameless uReli(ix.urmis,samarxis,Senobis,Wrilis)
usaxlkaro(ba) adj n homeless(ness) n harness,yoke
usaxuravo adj roofless,unroofed mart/caluRelicxenis n horse collar,wi-
usaxuri adj faint,feature/shapeless,undis- thers yoke
tinguished,unimaginative,tonement uReltexili(ix.gasasvleli) n corridor,
usistemo adj unsystematic pass
usisxlo adj bloodless gadasvla v traverse a pass
usiuJeto adj lack of/lacking subject/topic uRel-unagiri n yoke-seddle
usicocxlo(d) adj adv lifeless(ly) uRelqveS/uRelSi adv under the heel/yoke
usruli(ix.droSi) adj incomplete(d),per- uRelSi Sebma v n harness
petual,unfinished uRimRamo adj faint,modest,humble
usruloba n incompleteness,perpetuity uRirsi(ix.uvargisi) adj unworthy
usulo adj inanimate uRmerTo adj Godless,irreligious
usuno adj odorless uRmerToba n irreligion
usupi(s)(balaxi) n adj hyssop,Hyssopus uRrani(x.tye) n adj thicket
Lat. uRrmesi adj the deepest
usurvazi(s) n adj (wild) vine uyalibo adj not moulded
uswormasworo(d) adj adv irregular(rough, uSno clumsy,odd
unequal,uneven)(ly) uSobeli n heifer
uswrebs(ix.droSi) v precedes,preceding… uSoresi(ix.warsuli) adj farthest
usxeulo(ix.uxorco) adj incorporeal uSreti adj inexhaustible
utexad/utexi adv adj persistant(ly),unbe- uSurveli v adj lavish
arable/unbearably uCarCoo adj unframed
utixro adj unpartitioned uCinari adj invisible,occulated
utyeo(ix.tyiani) adj tree/woodless ucveTela(si)=Jasmini(s) n adj jasmine
uulvaSo adj moustachless ucveTeli adj durable,long-live
uuflebo(ix.mona,muSa) adj rightless,tied ucveTeloba=gamZleoba n durability
ufali=mxsneli n Lord,Master,Saviour ucvleli adj constant,invariable,unchanged

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unaltered,steady,undisturbed roken,uninterrupted
ucnobi adj not defined/definity,illegible,mys- ~ganviTareba unbroken continuity
ryous,uncommon,undefined,undescribed, ~xazi n continuous/solid line
unknown uwyvetliv adv continuously,without break
~adamiani n stranger uwyvetoba n continuity,permanence
~warmomavloba sth of undescribed nature, uwylo(ba) adj n arid(ity),aridness
sb/sth of unknown origin uWiravs v holds,grasps,occupies
ucodveli adj innocent uWknobi adj adv n timeless(ly)(ness)
ucodveloba n innocence uxamlo adj barefooted
ucolo adj single uxarisxo(d) adj adv poor(ly),sth of poor
ucolobis aRTqma n adj celibacy,celibate, quality
take a vow not to marry uxerxul(ad)(i) adj adv awkward(ly),in-
ucxviro adj noseless convenient(ly), mean
ucxo adj alien,extraneous,foreigen(er),stran- uxeSad adv coarsely,clumsily,crudely,of-
ge,uncommon,unknown,unusual fhand,scratchily
=gareSe foreign,outsider ~damuSavebuli roughly worked
~niadagze on foreign soil ~nakeTi scratchily done,made
~sarwmunoeba different faith ~nakveTi roughly carved(cut,hewn)
ucxoeli n foreigner,overseas(person),alien uxeSi adj coarse,clumsy,rough.tough
ucxoobaSi adv in foreign,yore and foreign uxeSmatyliani adj coarse hair
ucxouri adj foreign,imported,overseas uxvad adj abundantly,lavishly
uZvelesi adj oldest,(the most) ancient ~Semkuli adj frequently embellished/
~droidan dRemde from the earliest time ornamented
until today uxvi adj abundant,lavish,opulent,plenty(ful)
uZravad adv immovably,rigidly,tightly ~Semkuloba frequent embellishment/orna-
=mWidrod adv close fitting,rigid,tight mentation
uZravi adj immovable,not movable,motionless uxilavi(ix.Zala) adj allusive,hidden,invi-
standing,stationary,static sible
= ucvleli adj undisturbed,untouched uxmari adj disused,unused
uwarwero adj uninscribed uxorco adj ethereal, incorporeal
uwesrigo(d) adj adv irregular,random(ly), uxrwneli adj chaste
out of order ~gvami adj imperishable
uwiboo adj unribbed uxrwnelad adv chastely,imperishably
uwignuri adj ignorant,illiteral uxrwnelobis aRTqma n celibacy,celibate,
uwin=win adv N(time) back,before,early take a vow not to marry
uwindeli adj former,previous uxsovari adj immemorial
uwmindesze uwmindesi(uwmindesTa Soris) ~droidan/xanidan from time ~
Soris) adj Holy of Holies ~drois/xanis adj immemorial,primordial
uwmindesi adj Holy, purest uxucesTa sabWo n council of elders
uwmindesoba(vinme) one's Holiness,Reveren- uxucesi n adj doyen,elder,oldest,patriarch,
ce/Reverend sb senior
~da unetaresoba one's Holiness and ujiSo adj base,low-born/bred
Beattitude ujredebiani adj meshy
uwodeben(ix.ewodeba) v sb/sth is identified/ ujredi n cell
named as…
uwodo v claim to be,identify,name,refer to f
uwonado adj weightless favni n Faun,Satyr; sing/pl Lat. faunus/fauni
uwrTobi adj not tempered faza n phase
uwyalobo v beneficium,collate,grant ~momdevno adj sequential ~
uwyvetad adv ceaselessly,continuously, ~sawyisi adj initial ~
perpetually ~wina adj earlier,previous
uwyveti adj continuing,continual,continuous, faTalo(si) n adj ivy
consecutive,permanent,perpetual,unb- faiansi(s) n adj delf=delfth,faience

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faifuri(s) n adj China clay,porcelain farTxuna adj floppy

~biskviti(s) n adj biscuit fari(s)(ix.Rerbi) n adj draw,plate,shield
fakiri n fakir ~berZnul-romauli n sing/pl Lat.pelta/
falangi n phalange peltae
falari n sing/pl Lat. phalarae/phalarum ~garsakravi n shield bands
falosi n sing/pl Lat. phallus/phalii ~mrgvali n roundel
~simbolo n phallic symbol ~mindori n field of shield
falosisebri adj phallic farikaoba n fencing
fanatikosi(ix.morwmune) n religionist farisebri adj shield-like
fantazia(ix.warmosaxva) v n fancy,fantacy, fariseveli adj n hypocrite, Pharisee
image,imagination,invention(ion),invol- farisevloba n hypocrisy/hypocrite
ve(ment) farisevluri adj hypocritical
fantaziis nayofi n imaginary farsmanduki(s) n adj yarrow, Achillea
fantastiuri adj weird gen. Lat.
fanqriT=fanqarSi adv in pencil faruli adj clandestine,hidden,latent,myst-
~naxati n drawing erious,secret
~xatva v ger draw(ing) ~Zalebi mystic powers
fanqris narCeni n stump faruloba n secrecy
fanCaturi n pavilion,summer house farfli n fin
fanjara(ix.sarkmeli) n casement,window ~qudis n brim
fara n flock,herd farCa/farCis n adj brocade,goldcloth,tissue
faravs v covers farcxva/farcxi v n harrow
=moicavs v embraces fasadi n facade,front(age),fronted part,ortho-
~Zvel saZirkvels v build up on sth stata/orthostatae (sing/pl Gr),side
faraki n bezel (see Eng-Geo.text) ~mTeli entire facade
faraoni(s) n pharaoh(„s) fasadiT... ken... adv fronted…
~maTraxi n scourge fasdaudebeli adj incalculable,inestimable,
farga(Tevzi) n pine-perch invaluable,priceless
farda n curtain faseuli adj valid,valued,valuable
=safari screen,veil faseuloba n asset,value
fardagi n rag,trapestry ~namdvili/WeSmariti intrinsic value
fardi=toli adj match(ing) faseulobani n pl usu values,valuables
fardis axda v belie ~sulieri n pl usu fundamentals
=gamJRavneba break a secret fasi n charge,cost,fee,price,(monetary) value
farduli n booth,hovel,penth-house,shed ~gasayidi n rip/selling price
=minaSeni n apprentice,lean-to construction ~nebismieri at all costs
farexi n pen,sheep-hold fasis dadeba v n avaluate/avaluation
farTe=farTo adj broad,comprehensive, ~codna v have taste for sth
extensive,vast,wide fasobs v sth is appreciated/prized
~aTviseba(teritoriis) extensive occupat- faskunji n fire-bird
ion fauna,faunis,faunuri n adj fauna(l)
~ ~ = gamoyeneba full use fafari n mane
~masStabiani adj extensive,large scale fafarayrili adj disheveled
farTi=are n span(of…) faqizi adj exquisite,neat,refined,tide
farTobi n area,esplanade,square faqsimile=xelrTva n signature
~mTliani total area faqtoria n trading post
=nakveTi n plot faqtura n sing/pl Lat. matrix/matrices,text-
~Zeglis extent of the site ture
farTod adv broadly,extensively,widely faSa n pashe
farTovdeba v widens,is widening faSvi n maw
~boloSi/TavSi sth flears out at the end/top ~mzis wnuli=kuWis Tavi solar plexus
~SuaSi sth widens at the middle area faCuCebi n pl booty

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faceri n casting-net,fish-trap fenaTaSorisi adj interlayer

faceti(ix.wminda) n facet fenaSi adv in/within level
facxa n reed-lined adoby,wattle (dwelling) fenebad adj accumulated,deposited,layered
covered with clay,wattle and doub dwel- ~ganlageba v n superimpose/imposition
dwellindg/hut,light framing of poles and fenebi erTmaneTis momdevno n successive
twigs/wattles,a woven latticework of wat- layers/phases
tles doubed with clay,wattle-and-daub hut fenebis Tanmimdevroba n sequence of de-
fekalia n midden position
~ganamarxebuli n pl usu coprolites fenis mocileba v dismantle,remove
felsi(moneta) n follies (Gr) ~simZlavre n compaction
fena n coating,deposit,layer,level,sequence, fenovani adj flacky,layer(ed)
ce,stratum/strata (sing/pl Lat) feodali/feodaluri(ix.xana) n adj feudal
~adamianis kult.narCenebis Semcveli ~swavlebani Feudal Studies
mantiferous layer feodalizmi(ix.Sua saukuneebi)n feudalism
~bundovani/gaurkveveli woolly ~ feodaluri feudal
~gamoqaruli weather(ing) ~ feradi(ix.Wreli) adj colour(ed)(ful),florid,
~danaleqi sedimentary deposition,superfici- multiply colors
al level ~garsi n iris
~dangreuli/ngrevis destruction ~ feradovani adj colourful
~dafenili adj coating,layered ferdi=gverdi=pandusin pitch,slope,sloping
~zeda=ukanaskneli(Tanamedrove velis ferdobi n hillslope/side
doneze) top(most)/uppermost area/layer ~ cicabo steep hillside
~kordian-humusiani turf and humus layer fergadasuli adj discolored
~kordiani turf ~ ferebi ZiriTadi primary colours
~kulturuli cultural layer/level,phase(s) ferebis simkveTre virtue of colors
of occupation ~teqnika(several) colour technique eg
~ ~ sqeli long cultural sequence four-colour
~meoradi danleqis placer/secondary dep- ~Sereva v intermingle
osit ~Sexameba v n combine colors.color combin-
~mWidrod dasaxlebuli populous social ation
strata ferTa gama n range(scale/shades) of colours
~nacris n adj ash layer ~TamaSi v play of ~
~nacxovrebi altitude,habitation(inhabited, ~ siuxve n richness of ~
occupation) area/level ~cvla v n alter colors,color alteration
~naZravi dislocated(displaced,disturbed,re-
feri n colour=color
moved) layer
~aguri adj brick red,orange-on-buff,terracot-
~nivTebis Semcveli artifact bearing ~
ta
~pirveli(qveda,Zira) basal(first/lower) ~
~alisferi adj mauve,scarlet,vermillion
~samSeneblo building layer/level
~aramdgradi adj fugitive cilor
~sezonuri danaleqis n varve
~aramkveTri adj colourless
~uZravi in situ (Lat), virgin(al)soil,undespoil-
~baci adj dull,light,pale(colored),soft
ed/undisturbed ~
~bolisferi adj smoke-coloured
~qanis fenebs Soris interleaved with…
~brinjaosferi adj tan
qve ~ n sing/pl Lat. substratum/strata
~gaurkveveli adj floating color
~qveda underlying layer/level
~gardamavali adj intermediate
~yadimi virgin(al) soil
~gaxunebuli adj discolored
~Sua(ix.Sua) middle area/level
~dabinduli adj dull,matt,smoke-coloured
~CamonaSali eroded layer
~erTi adj monochromatis
~Camowolili dislocated(slid,slipped) ~
~vardisferi adj fugitive cilor,pink
~Zvelze daSenebuli n constructed on top
~vercxlisferi adj silver
of earlier ~
fenaTa rigi/wyeba(Zeglze) suite of layers ~Taflisferi adj (dark) brown
~Cawola v n dislocate/dislocation,fault,slip ~Tbili adj soft color

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~TeTri adj white ~mwvane adj green, jade

~ ~ wiTelze adj white-on-red ~ ~ baci adj gosling colour
~Tivis adj flaxen ~ ~ mkveTri adj meadow green
~iasamnisferi adj lilac ~naTeli adj bright/salient colour
~iisfer-wiTeli adj purplish-red ~nairferi adj diverse ~
~iisferi adj violet ~narinjisferi adj orange ~
~kvamla adj smoky,turbid ~nacrisferi adj blae,grey
~kremisferi adj creamy ~oqrosferi adj golden
~ ~ TeTri adj creamy-white ~oqrosfrad moelvare adj goldish
~kupriviT Savi adj jet-black ~orferi adj bichrome
~laJvardisferi adj sky-blue ~porfiri adj purple
~lega adj dark grey ~Jangisferi-wiTeli(ix.mowiTalo) adj
~lurji adj blue rust-red
~ ~ muqi adj dark blue,indigo ~Jolosferi adj crimson
~mdidruli adj rich in colour ~JRali adj buff,oriole
~mdogvis adj mustard yellow ~ruxi adj buff,grey
~mewamuli adj purple ~rZis adj mat-white
~mkveTri bright,intence,stronger in colour ~salaTis adj apple-green
~mkrTali adj fade,pale ~samferovani adj trichromatic
~movardisfro pinkish ~sawyisi adj primary colour
~ ~ lilisferi adj mauve tone ~spilos Zvlis adj ivory-white
~movercxlisfro adj silvery ~tyviis adj blae,leaden-colored
~moTaflisfro adj light brown ~ufero/uferuli adj colourless,dull
~moiasamnisfro adj ~ lilac ~ferflis adj ashen
~moiisfro adj ~ violet ~firuzis adj azure,torquise
~moTeTro adj whitish ~foladis adj iron-grey
~molurjo adj bluish ~qviSis adj sandy
~ ~ nacrisferi adj slate ~Rvinisferi adj dark pink,reddish-brown
~ ~ foladisferi adj steel-blue ~yviTeli adj fugitive,yellow
~momwvano adj greenish ~ ~ Ria adj flaxen
~monacrisfro adj grayish ~yornisferi adj raven colour
~moyviTalo adj yellow ~Sav-lega adj beige-black
~ ~ wablisferi adj buff,fawn,tan ~Savi adj black
~ ~ ~ Ria adj fawn ~ ~ TeTrze adj black-on-white
~ ~ mowiTalo adj rosewood ~ ~ kupriviT adj jet black
~mooqrosfro adj goldish ~Sindisferi adj crimson,purple
~moSavo adj blacky ~Calisferi adj beige,light chestnut,flaxen
~ ~ lurji adj bluish-black ~cisferi adj pale-blue,sky-blue
~mocisfro adj pale-blue ~cocxali adj vivid colour
~mowablisfro adj brownish ~ZiriTadi adj primary colour
~mowiTalo adj reddish ~Zowisfweri adj crimson,purple
~ ~ Jangisferi adj copper-coloured ~wablisferi adj brown
~ ~ wablisferi adj purplish-brown ~ ~ baci adj ecru
~ ~ wablisferi=Jangisferi adj ferrugi- ~ ~ dabinduli adj matt-brown
nous ~ ~ Ria adj biscuit/hazel color
~mrvalferi adj colorful ~wiTel-iisfer-wiTeli adj purplish red
~mtredisferi adj blue-grey,dove-colour ~ ~ mura adj reddish-brown
~mura adj black,brown ~ ~ wablisferi adj deer
~muqi adj dark color ~wiTeli adj red
~yviTeli/wiTuri adj tan ~ ~ ~ aramdgradi adj fugitive color
~mqrqali adj dull,mat ~ ~ dawinwkluli adj mottled red
~mRvrie adj dull,turbit ~ ~ qliavisferi adj plum-red

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~wiTliT kremisferze adj red on cream ~fexze adv adj cross-legged

~wiTuri adj auburn fexis awyoba cxovrebisTvis v catch up
~Wreli adj manycoloured,motley ~guli n sole
~WuWyisferi adj drab ~dasadgmeli/mosakidi n stepping stone
~xorcisferi adj flash-coloured ~ ~ jdomisas n plinth
feria(ix.tyis,wylis) n fairy,mermaid ~mokideba v settle,step,widespread
feris gafermkrTaleba n fade,pale ~nakvalevi n footprint
~naxevartoni n half-tint ~rgoli n anklet,bangle
~simkveTre n intensity/virtue of color fexmardi adj fleet on foot
~simkveTriT adv by ~ ~ ~ fexmokidebuli adj widespread
~toni n tint fexosanTa meTaurin Lat. magister peditum
feri(s)cvaleba(bibl) n the Transfiguration fexosani n soldier on foot
fermkrTali adj fade,pale ~fariT n targeteer
fermweri n artist,(icon) painter fexsacmeli n footgear/wear,shoe
ferumarili=fer-umarili n adj rouge ~Wvintiani a shoe with upturned toes
and ciruse fexsacmlis abzindi n shoe-buckle
~wasma v whiten ~Tasma n shoe-string
ferfli(s)(ix.WurWeli) n adj ash(en) ~cxviri n toe
~vulkanuri n adj tephra fexSiSveli adj bare-footed
ferSecvlili adj discolored fTila n tow
ferwera n figurative/imitative arts fibula(ix.mSvildsakinZi) n sing/pl Lat.
~dazguri easel painting fibula/fubulae
ferxorciani adj corpulent,obese figura(ix.mcire) n figure,figurine
ferxuli(ix.cxovrebis) n sing/pl Lat. cho- =adamiani n figure
rea/chorea =didi ~ eminent ~
fesvgadgmuli adj deeply rooted,ingrained ~ ~ n fulsome ~
fesvebi(T) n pl usu. the origins/very roots ~TabaSiris/pastis plaster-cast ~
~aqvs=midis sth is rooted in sth… ~sqematuri n schematic ~
~Rrmad midis ~ go back to..., have the ~joxis saxiT n stick ~
roots in… ~hibriduli hybrid ~
fesvi(ix,kbili,Ziri) n root figuraluri/figuruli adj figurative
=sawyisi n radical figurebiani=figuruliadj figured,stucc-
fesvgadgmuli/mokidebuli adj deepruted, oed
inveterate figures damzadeba v figure
fesi=feska n tarboosh fiTxi=zondi n probe,situla/situlae Lat.
festoni n v festoon ~mxatvris n palette-knife
fetvi(s) n adj millet, Panicum miliaceum Lat ~nelsacxeblis/wamlis n dipstick,putty
feStamali=winsafari n apron fila(ix.qaSanuris,qvis) n slab
fexbakiani adj palmette/webbed foot ~alizis/talaxis n mud slab
fexdafex adv in the footsteps,in lockstep ~gamyofi n septal ~
with sb/sth,keep abreast ~kramiti n tile
~devna v hang on the rear =lodi n flag stone
=Tan adv in the wake of sth ~saperange n facing slab/tile
fexebgadaSlili adj legs akimbo ~sasresi n grinding slab
fexebgaSlili dgoma/jdoma v straddle ~qvafenilis/xis n slab
fexebi/fexTa n pl legs filakvani(ix,Surduli,qvis) n catapult
~ukana hind ~ filaqani n flagging,pavement,(area) paved
~qveS adv beneath someone with slabs
~wina fore ~ filaqnis fila/qva n adj flagstone
fexze dgoma(ix.siaruli) v stand upright filebiT mogebuli adj flagged,paved
~mdgari adj standing,upright filTa Tofi(ix.qva) n linstock
fexi(ix.WurWlis) n leg ~qva n pastle,pounder

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filenisti=berZenTmoyvare n philhellene fiWa/fiWis n adj honeycomb

filigrani=Wviruli n filigree fiWvi(s) n adj pine-tree, Pinus (Lat)
filogenetikuri adj phylogenetic flangi/flanki n flank
finiki(s) n adj date(s) flankirebuli adj flanked,flanking
~palma/palmis n adj date palm flate n precipice,ravine
~fitolitebi n pl date palm phytoliths fligeli n wing
firmani n injuction,order floba v n ger possess(ion),hold(ing),have
firuzi(s) n adj turquoise (ing) sth in possession of…
firusula(si) n adj primrose, Primula gen ~mdgomareobis v n control
firfita n foil,plaque,plate,scale,sheet,tablet ~xelisuflebis v exercise power
~anjamiT n hingrd tablet floti n fleet
~damWeri n catch plate foTliani(ornam) adj foile,leaf-motif,leafy
~danisebri n knife-shaped ~ foTlis nawili svetze n foliole
~mrgvali n plaque ~meoTxedi n quarter round recto
~oTxmagi xvia n quadruple spiral foTlisebri adj leaf-like,petal-shaped
~sayrdeni n spacer sheet foTlovani(ix.xvia,xe) adj floral,leafy,palm-
~Sualeduri n spacer sheet ette,petal(ed)
firfitadakruli adj plated foToli n leaf
~tari n (handle with) a pair of plates(at foTolwnuli n garland
both of its sides) fokusi n v focal point,focipe,focus
firfitiseburi adj foil (plate,sheet)-like foladi(s) n adj steel
firficari/ficris n adj playwood ~mosevadebuli blue-burnished ~
~mosapirkrTebeli n adj vaneer ~rbili mild ~
fisi(s)(ix.kupri) n adj tar ~sadnobi n steelworks
~mcenaris n adj pitch,resin,thus ~um.xarisxis shear steel
fisiani adj pitchy ~wrToba v ger steel(ing),temper(ing)
fituli n staffed animal/bird ~ ~ wyalSi v ger quench-harden(ing)
fiqali/fiqlis n adj ground plate foladisebri(ix.bzinvareba)adj metal/steel
=aspidi/Tixovani(ix.qarsi n adj shale folga/folgis n adj foil
=kaJiani kirqva/kirqvis n adj chert folianti n folio, foliant (Gr)
=Savi(WaWis qva/qvis) n adj schist fondebis mcveli n keeper
fiCxi(s) n adj brushwood ~gacema/micema v ger fund(ing)
~kona n adj faggot wood fondi(ix.xelSeuvali) n fund
~konis Sekvra v faggot foni(ix.mdinaris) n background
ficari/ficris n adj wooden board, plank forani(ix.dasakrZalavi) n bier
~gaurandavi rude timber forebiani=forovani adj foraminated,poro-
~iatakis n deck/floor board,planked floor us
~mosapirkeTebuli face board,finished pla- fori n pore
nks forma n figure,form,layout,makeup,mode,
~nagverduli(s) n adj slab pattern,shape
~ 2 diumiani n adj plank=5,8 cm ~gamZle/ucvleli rigid outline
~3 diumiani n adj timber=7,62 cm ~daxvewili sth terse (in) form
~sqeli n timber plank ~Tavisufali/martivi easy form/style
~SemaRlebis n rise-board ~kuTxovani adj angular shape
fici n v oath, swear,vow ~mravalnairi array/wide range of shapes/
saqorwino ~ n wedlock varieties
ficis miReba v take the oath(s) ~mxatvruli artistic form
fiwali n (pitch) fork ~sawyisi first/initial ~
~orTiTa n socketed ~ ~Camosxmuli shaped ~
~samTiTa n treedent ~ ~warmoebuli derivative ~
~saTive n heyfork ~wesieri regular ~ , shape
fiwlis kbili n prong formiTadv by form,in the shape of..,in design

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~msgavsi adj counterpart,in the shape of sth, frontoni(s) n attic,pediment,fronton (Fr)

sth similar in form/shape ~ornamenti-Sverili n sing/pl Lat.
Secvlili ~ sth in altered form acroterium/acroterii
formis aReba/miReba v take the form of sth ~qva n fronton/pediment stone
~gadaReba v adopt/borrow the form ~ ~ sayrdeni n kneeler
~damkvidreba v become persistant frCxili(ix.ornamenti) n (finger)nail
~micema v fashion,shape,work sth to proper ~sayrdeni gvirgvinis an lavgardanis
shape qveS n modillion
~moxazuloba n shaped outline frCxilisebri adj finger-nail-shaped
~Sevseba v complete/fill in (the form) frcxila/frcxilis=sardoniqsi(s) n adj
forminqsi(sakravi) n phorminx sardonyx
forovaneba n porosity fsalmuni n psalm(os) Gr.
forposti n frontier =krebuli n Psalter
foson cavetto,cavity,fillet,hole,grooving,morti- fsevdo(part of compound word),adj pseudo…
se/swivel hole,sunken dot fsevdonimi n pseudonym
~boZis/svetis n posthole ~mwerlis n pen-name
~brunvis n swivel-hole fskeri n bottom
foCi n sing/pl Lat. fimbria/fimbriae fsta/fstis n adj pistachio
=funjebi n fringe,tassel fuTa n bundle
foCiani adj fringy fuladi adj monetary,pecuniary
focxi n rake ~begara quit rent
fragmenti(ix.Tixis) n fragment,piece,scrap ~meurneoba n monetary management
fragmentuli adj fragmentary ~Rirebuleba n ~ value
fragmentuloba n gragmentariness ~jildo n gratuity
fraza n phrase fulamdeli adj pre-monetary
~gacveTili hackneyed ~ ~funqcia n ~ function
frena v ger n fly(ing),flight fuli(ix.moneta) n money
freska/freskis(ix.Semkuli) n fresco,mural ~auarebeli a pot of ~
~teqnika fresco technique ~gamomuSavebuli earned ~ , earnings
~Semkuli adj embellished,ornamented ~gamosasyidi ransom
~xatva mSral baTqaSze wylis saRe- =zodi currency bar
baviT n secco (Ital) ~mimoqcevaSi (money) in currency
freskiT Semkuli adj frescoed ~mogroveba v collect, save
frTa(ix.guTnis,saweri) n wing =moneta coined money
frTagaSlili adj flying ~msxvili money in large domination
frTebiani/frTiani adj vaned,winged ~spilenZis copper coin
frTosani(ix.cxeni,xari) adj winged ~Segrovili adj saved/savings, fund
~suli n sing/pl Lat. ~ genius/genii ~wvrili small coin, token money
~qali n ~ female ~xurda billon coin, change (n)
frizi n frieze Ffulis adreuli niSani early form of
~morkaluli n sing/pl Lat. torus/tori money
frinveli n bird ~brunva/mimoqceva v currency,monetary
~gadamfreni n migratory ~ /~ of passage circulation,function
~mtacebeli n ~ of pray ~brunvaSi/mimoqcevaSi gaSveba v put
~Sinauri n fowl,poultry into circulation
~wylis n waterfowl ~brunvidan/mimoqcevidan amoReba with-
~Waobis n wader drow from circulation
frinvelis mkerdis Zvali n wishbone ~gadamcvleli=mekerme n money-changer
~ ~ ~ didi,wvetiani n carinate ~gamoSveba n v issue (by sb)
~ frTa n flag, wing ~dagroveba,mogroveba v ger save(ing)(s)
frontaluri adj frontal ~danaxarji n v invest(ment)
frontaluroba n frontality ~Segroveba v collect,save

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~ mimoqceva monetary transaction fxali/fxlis=mxali/mxlisn adj wild plant

~moWran v ger coinage,mint(ing),strike(ing) fxvieri adj boggy
~niSani n bank note,bill fxvnilad qceva v n levigate/levigation
~nominalin face value,nominalis/nominale fxvnili(s) n adj powder(y)
(sing/pl Lat) ~galesva v ger grind(ing)
~Rirebuleba n (monetary) value ~salesi qva n slab
funduki n arcade, town-house fxiani=mWreli adj bladed
funji(ix.foCiani,yalami) n brush fxizeli adj shrewd
=samkauli n fringe,tassel
funjiani adj fringy
q
qadageba v n homily,preach(ify),propagate/
funjiT xatva=Rebva v ger paint(ing)
propagation
furi(ix.iremi) n cow
=Wkuis swavleba v n exhort(ation) about
furne n bakery,bake-house,furnus/furni (Lat)
qadagebani n pl Homilies
furceli n leaf,sheet of paper
qadagebis wakiTxva eklesiis kaTedridan
~liTonis n plate
v pulpit
~nabeWdi n printed page,printer's sheet qadagi n preacher
~natvifri adj pressed/stamped ~ qala/qalas(ix.Tavis,kefa,Zvali)n adj skull,
~satitulo adj front/title page cranium/crania (sing/pl Lat)
~ukana mxare n overleaf ~dazianeba n lesion
~Ria n authority paper ~Txemi(s) n sinciput(al)
~yvavilis n petal ~nakeri n suture
~Sewyvilebuli n double sheet ~sarqveli n sing/pl Lat. calva/calvae
~CanarTi n leaflet,loose leaf qalamani(ix.xamli) n bast-shoe,sandal
~cal mxares danomrili n folio qalaqad qceva/qalaqmSenebloba v n deve-
furceliviT gabrtyeleba v hammer into lop into town,urbanize/urbanization
sheet qalaqgareT adv country(out of town),suberb
furclovani(ix.liToni) adj sheet qalaqgegmareba/gegmarebiTi n adj town-
futkari n bee planning
~mamri n drone qalaqelebi n town folk
futkris nestari/danestvra n v stinge qalaqva/qvis n adj stone image of a female
futuro(ix,fuye) adj hollow(ed),shallow(ed) qalaqmSenebeli n urbanist
out qalaqmSenebeli n urbanist
~milaki n tubular cavity qalaqmSenebloba v n urbanize/urbanization
fufuneba/fufunebisn adj luxury/luxurious qalaqwarmoqmna n townformation
~sagnebi n pl luxuries,luxury items qalaqi n city(site),town
~saqoneli n pl luxury goods ~ayvavebuli n thriving city
fuRuro n hive ~axalSeni n colony
fuye(ix.futuro) adj hollow,tubular ~gamoqvabuli n cave city
fuZe(ix.angelozi) n base ~dgas/mdebareobs v lies,stands,is situated
~mrgvali(miwis an qvis) n sing/pl Lat. ~zemo n upper city
pulvinus/pulvini ~Tavisufali n free town
=ojaxi/saxli n family, hearth ~mTavari dminant(major,mother,principal)~ ~
fuZeamoRaruli adj hollow-based ~muzeumi n museum ~ ~
fuZemdebeli n creator,founder ~patara/daba n town
~gvaris n ancestor,forefather,patriarch, ~pirveli/Ziri n mother ~ ~
progenitor, root ~pirvelsataxto n the first/oldest capital
fuZemdebluri adj the first principle
~savaWro-saxelosno n town of trade and
fuWi adj empty,mere,vain
commerce
fSvnadi adj friable ~sanapiro n coastal city
fxa/fxis n adj bone ~sataxto n capital ~
~danis n edge ~saxelmwifo n city-state=polity
~mWreli n blade

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~taZari n city/town of worship qandakeba n figure,image,sculpture,statuet(te)

~Camoyalibebuli n full fledged city ~anabeWdi n squeeze of sculpture
~cixe citadel,stockaded town ~kargad gadmocemuli n adj well-articul-
~wminda HHoly City ated
qalaqis adj city's,town's,municipal ~mrgvali n sculpture/statue (curved) in the
~alya/Semowyoba n v siege,surround round
~axlo(s) adv in the vicinity of city/town ~msuqani/xorcsavse n obese figure,corpul-
~gavrceleba v n grow(th) of city ent sculpture/statue
~galavani n city wall ~mcire n figurine,a piece of sculpture,a small
~gareubani/Semogarenin pl outskirts,sub- sculpture,statuette
erb ~patara n figurine
~gaCena v n emerge(nce) of the city-site ~filaze n statue-menhir
~damSveneba v n embellish(ment) ~SiSveli n nudity
~zRvari n town-line qandakebaTa jgufi n statuary
~TviTmmarTveloba n municipality,munici- qandakebis TvalebSi rkalebi n pl phosp-
municipal/self-government henes
~kide n edge ~teqnika n statuery technique
~mTavari quCa n the main thoroughfare qanebis ganlageba n bedding,pattern
~saqmiani nawili/centri n downtown qani(s) n adj rock
~saxeli Seiqmna/daerqva city derived its ~axalgazrda adj recent ~
name from… ~gamonamuSevari n exhausted ore,rock out-
~Semogareni n pl pricincts crops
~WiSkari n city gate ~gamoqarva v ger weather(ing)
qalaqobamdeli adj pre-urban ~gaSiSvleba v n denude/denudation
qalaquri adj urban setting deda ~ n parent rock,virgin soil
qalaqwarmoqmna n townformation mcuravi ~ n floating rock
qali(s) n female,woman ~namtvrevi n clast,debris
~mkerdi n female bosom/breast ~narCeni n residual rock
~msgavsi kaci n androgyne ~rbili n adj softstone
~xazi n female line fuWi ~ n adj barren rock/ore
qaliSvili n maiden ~CamonaSali eroded ~ ~
qaliSvilobis gvari n ~ name ~Camowolili n dislocated(embeded,slid,
qalki(s) n adj Lat. chakcum/chalci slipped) rock
qalta n cattle yard, pen qanobi n pitch,slope side
qaluri adj feminine qaragma n tilde,titlo
~sawyisi female origin qaravani n caravan
qaluroba/qaloba n feminity ~aqlemebis n camelcade
qalRmerTi n goddess qarafi n steep
~marcvleulis corn ~ qarbuqi n blizzard
~nayofierebis goddess of fertility qargva(ix.naqargi) v embroider
qalcedoni(s) n adj chalcedony qargili n centering,full corner arch,stringer,
qalwuli n chaste,maiden,virgin tubbing
qalwulis sartyeli n sing/pl Lat. zona/ qarva/qarvis n adj amber
zonae mcenare qarvaSi ~ Flora
qalwulobis aRTqma(ix.ucolobis) n adj mweri/cxoveli ~ Fauna
v celibacy,celibate,take a viw not to marry Savi ~ n adj jet
qamandi n v lasso,noose qarvasla n caravanserai,coaching inn
qamari(ix.sartyeli) n belt,weist-band qari n wind
qamriani/qamarSemortymuli adj belted ~wvimis momtani adj rain bearing wind
qamris balTa n belt-clasp qarizma n Gr. c(h)arisma/c(h)arismata
~Semokvra v gird qarizmatuli(ix.RvTivSTagonebuli) adj
~SemoWera=gaWirveba v tighten a belt c(h)arismatic

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qariSxali n storm qeCo n nape

qarsafari n windshield qva(ix.qvaze,qviT,qvis...) n stone
qarsi(s)(ix.fiqali) n adj mica,shale ~amosaqoli/saWeqi adj n seal ~
~Semcveli adj micaceous ~anatkecebiT cal mxares adj n uniface/
qartia n Charte unifacial ~
didi ~ Charta Magna ~beWdis/gemmis adj n gemstone
uflebaTa ~ Rights Charte ~bordiuris n adj kerb
qarqaSi n v scabbard ~bunebrivi n adj Oriental+romelime ji-
~liTonis n chape Sis qva
~tyavis n sheath ~gadabmis n adj bonder
~ Cageba v sheathe ~(ga)Tlili n adj ashlar(block),dressed
qarCi n mattock,winged axe stone
qato(si) n no pl . adj brain ~gverdebSemotexili n adj core
qafqiri n straining spoon ~damagvirgvinebeli n adj coping stone
qafCa n mortar board,trowel ~damuSavebuli n adj dressed(trimmed/wo-
qaSanuri(s)(ix.Sorenkeci,WurWeli) n adj ked) ~
glazed clay ~dasaklavi/mosaklavi n adj killing instru-
~fila/filis n adj glazed tile ment
qaCali adj bald ~dasamuSavebeli/xeluxlebeli n adj no-
qacvi(s) n adj Sea Buckthorn, Hippophaё gen dule,nucleus
qaji n elemon ~dasamuSaveblad vargisi n adj workable
qeba(i)(ix.Tavis) n v praise stone
~dasartymeli n adj precursor
qebis Rirsi adj praiseworthy
~daumuSavebeli n adj bastard(crude,rough,
qebuli/naqebi adj praised
undressed,unworked) stone
qedi(s) n adj mountain,ridge,range
~daSlili n adj crumbled ~
~ganStoeba n remification
~didi n adj knoll
~sagnis n crest,peak
~dolmenis saxuravi n adj cap ~
~wyalgamyofi adj permeable of water
~veSapi n adj vishap
qedmoxra v cringe; n servility
~vulkanuri=felziti=felsiti n adj pu-
qeifi n v carous
mice stone,felcite=felstone
~RamisTeviT n v wake
~Tavkiduris n adj corner stone
qelexi n funerary banquit/feast
~TaRis n adj arch/vault ~
~dakrZalvamde n v wake
~ ~ quslis n adj springer
qereli(s) n adj hemp
~ ~ Sua n adj keystone
qereWi=qercli n pl only scales ~TirkmelSi n adj kidney stone
~erTmaneTze miwyobili adj puttee ~Tlili n adj ashlar-block,coating/curved ~
qeri(s) n adj barley,oat, Hordeum vulgare sp- ~kameris saxuravi n adj cover,lid,slab
ontaneum Lat. ~ ~ ~ xvreliT n adj part-hole ~
~SiSvelmarcvlovani n adj Hordeum dist-
~kari n door block
ichum Lat.
~kaWari lodi n adj boulder
qerubimi/qerubini(ix.serafimi)n cherub(ic),
~ ~ qva n adj cobble(irregular,rag,rubble) ~
cherubim/cherubin (n sing/pl Lat)
qerqin envelope,jacket,cover, scales (pl only), ~kuTxedi/kuTxis n adj corner(key,quoin,to-
shell othing) ~
~dedamiwis n earth's crust ~lamis n adj mudstone
=safari n cover,envelop ~lodi(ix.lodi) n adj stone block
~teqtonikuri napralebiT SemosazRvru ~madani/madnis n adj block ore,rock outcrop
li n rift valley=graben ~marcvlis sasresi n adj wheat stone,man-
~tvinis n (cerebral) cortex os and mutates (AmE)
~mosapirkeTebeli n adj coating stone,orth-
qerclisebri(ix.qereWi) adj flacky,imbricat-
ostat
ed,scaly
~mfeneli n paviour
qeCa/qeCis n adj felt

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~nagleji(natexi/fleTili) n adj irregular
(rubble,rug) rock/stone
~nakveTi n adj sculptured ~
~namtvrevi n adj chipped ~
~naprialebi n adj abrasive/polished ~
~natexi(texili/fleTili) n adj lump,ru-
ble ~
~naxevrdZvirfasi n adj semi-precious ~
~naxexi n adj ground ~
~or mxares anatkecebiT n adj biface/bifa-
cial ~
~ormxriv atkecili n adj biface ~
~patiosani/Zvirfasi n adj precious/splen-
did ~
~rbili n adj softstone
~rgvali(s) n adj water-worn gravel/stone
~ ~ sasroli n adj flat/round weapon
~ ~ ~ iaraRi n anager/anageri n
sing/pl Lat.
~riyis n adj daw(cobble,pebble,river) stone
riverine cobble/stone,core-form rock
~ ~ kenWi n adj (river) pebble
~ ~ xelsawyosTvis n adj core-form stone
~ qviT mogebuli adj cobbled area
~ qvis iaraRi n pebble stone weapon
~ ~ iataki n ~ flooring
~ ~ qvafenili n causeway,river-stone
road-way
~ ~ Sre n pebble layer
~ ~ xelsawyo n pebble stone tool
~rodinis(filTaqva/qvasanayi) n pastle,po-
under
~rustikis(ix.aqve uxeSad) n adj boss
~sazRvris n adj border-stone
~salesi n adj grind(hone/rub) ~
~samSeneblo n adj building ~
~sanaxelao/sasinji n adj touchstone
~saniSne n adj sign stone
~saperange n adj coating/fscing slab/stone
~sapnis n adj steatite
~sasresi n adj grinding/wheat stone
~sasroli manqanis n adj flat/round ~
~satyorcni n adj ballista ~
~saflavis n adj grave/tomb stone/marker
~sayrdeni n adj abutment/supporting sone
~sawyisi n adj springer
~saxexi n adj grind stone
~ ~ qvis saprialebeli n adj abrider
~sveti(s) n adj landmark
~ ~ sayrdeni n bolsar
~sipi n adj log
~uxeSad gaTlili=rustikis n adj boss,
201
rough ashlar,rusticated/roughly worked ~
~fenili n causeway,cobbled way,flagging,
paving,pavement
~filaqnis(ix.aqve lorfini) n adj flag ~
~fleTili n adj irregular(rubble,rug) ~
~frontonis n adj fronton/pediment ~
~ ~ sayrdeni n adj kneeler
~qanidan momtvreuli n adj rock(s)
~ ~ ~ xelsawyosTvis n adj tool st-
one
~qvafenilis n adj block/cobble ~
~quslis n adj pivot stone,springer
~Riobis n adj bond stone,parpen
~yoris(ix.yore) n adj boulder/rublle ~
~ ~ Semavsebeli n adj rubble-fill
~Sirimis=kiriani tufi n adj traventino
~Surdulis n adj sling missle/stone,round/
sphere sling-stone
~Camketi n adj filling slab/stone,key ~
~ ~ frCxilebiani n adj bracketed ~
~Camotexili n adj removed ~
~ ~ qvis dasamuSavebeli CaquCi n adj
soft hammer
~CuqurTmiani n adj molding=moulding
~Zalian magari n adj super hard stone
~wvetiani n adj pointed ~
~wuni n adj discard(ed) ~
~wyliT narecxi n adj water-worn ~
~xelsawyosTvis vargisi n adj core form,
core-form rock,lithic core
~xeluxlebeli n adj nodule
~xurda n adj cobble/rubble stone
qvabuli(ix.gamoqvabili,mdinaris,Senobis)
n hollow,robber-trench
qvaze adv in/on stone
~danaleqi fena n chemical coating,rock
varnish
~dartma v hit,percussion
~dartymis wertili n bulb of percussion
~kveTa v carve(curve/sculpture)(ing)
~naweri adj stone-written
~retuSi(ix.retuSi) n ger retouch(ing)
~saxeluris amosadebi rgoli n carrying
ring
~uxeSad kveTa v rough out
~CuqurTmis mWreli n lapicide
~xelis Casavlebi hand grasping,haft,to aid
grasping,proximal surface
qvaTesla(si)(mc) n adj Lithosperum orvence L
qvakaca n stone image of a male
qva-miwayrili(ani) n adj stone and soil bar-
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 სარჩევი

qvaSi amokveTili adj curved/cut in stone ~gaZRola/marTva v be at the helm,govern,

~darCa v retained in ~ practice,rule
~nakveTi adj curved from stone,sculpted, ~guli/centri n core area,heartland,heart of
stone curved the country
qve... pref. sub… under(lying) ~daqucmaceba v batter,partition
~periodi n sub-period ~dacla v depopulate,devastate,foray a land
~safexuri n substage ~viwro zoli n fringr of the country
~saxeoba n subspecies ~Tovliani mwvervalebis n snow-capped
~tipi n subtype landscape
~faza n subphase ~kide n extremity of the country,ledge
~fena n substratum/substrata n sing/pl Lat ~kuTxe/mxare n cardinal point,province,region
~jgufi n subgroup site
qvebi erTmaneTis momdevno n consecutive ~ ~ ~ vargisi ramisTvis(stumarTmoy-
blocks vare/Sesabamisi) n hospitable lands
qvebiT amoqolva v block by stone walling ~ ~ ~ mTa n high/up lands
qvebis gadabma kuTxeebSi v ger quoin(ing) ~ ~ ~mTianeTi n hilly,highland,mount-
~morgeba v n accommodate/accommodation aineus
qveda adj base,bottom,lower,inferior ~ ~ ~mivardnili/miyruebuli n god-
=adreuli adj earlier forsaken
~done n lower level ~ ~ ~mowyvetili n breakaway,cut off
qveiTi(ix.meomari) n walker part(s)
qveli adj valorous ~kuTxeebad.mxareebd dayofa v regional
qveskneli n hell, the underground makeup
~mierTeba v n annex(ation)
=sapyrobile n dungeon
~nawili n part of the country
qveyana n country, the world
~ ~ ZiriTadi n core territory
~beReli n adj grain basket,sourse of grain
~raioni n district
~dangreuli/danawevrebuli adj battered
~siRrme n hinterland
~daclili adj depopulated,devastated
~siRrmeSi adv deep in the country,far inland
~zRvaze gasasvlelis gareSe adj land-
~Siga/Sida n hinter land,inland,mainland,in
locked
~mdidari n land of plenty,wealthy country the interir
~Signi adv within the country
~ ~ liTonebiT adj metalliferrous
~Soreuli n cusp region,cut off part,far land,
~ ~ wiariseuliT adj endoved,furnished,
outlying,uotmost,outermost
rich of minerals
~ ~ centridan n outmost part/region
~mezobeli n neighbouring/surrounding coun-
~CamorCenili n sprawling region
ry/countries
~mSobeli n parent country qveynisTvis sisxlis daRvra v shed blood
~wyaroebiT n sprigy ~ for one‟s country
qveSevrdomi adj inferior,retainer,subordinate,
~mineraluri wylebiT n rich of wlls
subject
~Warbi mosaxleobiT n overpopulated,
=moqalaqe(oba) n citizen(ship)
suffering from overpopulation
qviani adj lapidose,stony
qveyanaSi Rrmad adv deep into the country/
qvianoba n stoniness
within the territory,far inland
qveynis n country‟s qvidan momtvreva/Camotexa v remove
~aoxreba n v foray ~gamokveTa v chip
~gaerTianeba v bring the country together qviT adv in/with stone
~ganapira(s) adj adv outlying,outskirts,peri- ~amogeba(amoSeneba/mopirkeTeba) v stone-
phery line
~gaTavisufleba v n liberate/liberation ~nagebi adj stone-built
~ganapira(s) adj adv ~Seneba v mason,stone-build
~ganuyofeli nawili n inseperable part of ~xuro=kalatozi n stonemason
the country qvis adj lithic,(in) stone

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~aTla Txlad v press off nagleji ~ naxexi nivTi n ground stone

~anaTali n spokeshaves artifact
~anatkecebis mocilebiT Semosworeba v nagleji ~ CaquCi n ground stone hammer
trim edges by removing smaller edges ~namgali n sickle
~ ~ Camomtvreva v detach lithic flakes ~namzadi n blank
~anatkecze iaraRis keTeba v make tool of ~namzadis damzadeba v rough out
flake ~namtvrevi n chip
~anatkeci n flake,long bladelithic flake ~nivTis gadakeTeba v n modify/modification,
~anatkecis amtvreva v flake rework
~ ~ momtvreva v remove flake ~ostati n knapper
~ ~ wvetiani bolo n distal edge of the ~ ~perangi n stone dressing/facing
~axo n ongoing source for stone,outcrop(ing), ~samtvrevi xelaswyo n knapper
quarry ~samtvrevi ~ CaquCi n hammer stone,hard
~baliSi n headstone hammer
~blagvi bolo n blunt/proximal end/surface ~sasresi n quern
~burRi n burin,drill ~ ~ unagirisebri n saddle ~
~(gamo)kveTa v chip,curve,sculpture ~sasroli/satyorcni iaraRi n projectile
~gamosavali n outcrop tool
~garSemo Semomtvreva v chip over ~ ~ iaraRi=filakvani n anager/anage-
~gasrolaze adv stone shot ri n sing/pl Lat.
~gaxeTqva v break open ~ ~ manqana n ballista/ballistae n sing/pl
~grdemli n envil stone Lat.
~daTxeleba v ger thin(ing) ~ ~ manqanis qva(rgvali) n flat/round
~damsxvreva v ger crus/knap(ing) stone
~damuSaveba v ger knap(shape,strike,work)(ing ~satexe n celt
~ ~ dartymiT adv percussive ~safeni n pavement
~dana n knife(like) tool ~ ~ cokoli n plinth,stone base
~dartymiT atkecva v percussive flaking ~safxeki n scraping tool
~dasrulebuli xelsawyo n finished tool ~saZirkveli n stone foundation/based
~dayvana saTanado formamde v n reduce/ ~sawarmo/warmoeba n stone industry
reduction ~saWrisi n cutting tool
~debiti n stone debitage ~soli n toothing
~zvavi n avalanche,lump ~uro n stone hammer
~industria n chipped stone/lithic industry ~ ~ welSi gamoyvanili n stone hammer
~kalatozi=xuro n stonemason with an interseption
~kanis asacleli dana n spokeshave ~fila n flag-stone,stone slab
~kide n edge ~filaze kveTa v incise
~kideebis Semosworeba n trim edges ~SalaSini n spokeshave
~kodva/mtvreva v ger chop(curve,knap,quar- ~Semadgenloba n rock structure
ry)(ing) ~Camomtvreva v chip.strike
~maragi n stone deposit ~Camonatexi n removed piece
~mTleli n stone curver/cutter ~Camonatexidan atkecili n eraillure
~mibma tarze v bind ~Camonatexis dasamuSavebeli CaquCi n
~mmtvreveli(mtexeli,mkveTeli) n knapper soft hammer
~mtexeli n stone crusher ~CaquCi n hammer stone
~mtvreva uxeSi v rough out ~wanazardi n nodule
~mcire natexebi n pl microliths ~wveti n sharp tip
~mcodne(oba) n lithologist/lithology ~wuni n v discard
~mWreli bolo n distal/sharp end ~wyoba(ix.wyoba) n stonework
~mWreli piri n distal ~xelsawyo xorcisTvis n butchering tool
~nageboba n stone structure ~xelsawyos keTeba v lithic produce/produ-
~nagleji n irregular (rubble,rug) stone tion

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~xexva v ger grind(ing) qolga n parasol,umbrella

~xowi n adz qolgis damWeri n attendant,parasol bearer
qvisgan adv in/out of stone qonguri n battlement (pl usu),corbie-step,
~gamokveTa v strike off crenellation,merlon
~zedmetis mocileba v come off the stone ~safexuredi crenelation,corbie-step
qvitkiri(s) n adj stone and lime wall qondara(si)(ix.urci) n adj thyme
qviSa n sand qondari/qondris(sakmazi) n adj savory=
~kiriani n adj malm Satureia (Lat)
~msxvilmarcvlovani n adj coarse(grain) qoneba/qonebrivi n adj estate,fortune,lega-
sand cy,property,sufficiency,wealth
~oqros Semcveli n adj gold dust ~mdgomareoba n factor of wealth,position
~wmindamarcvlovani n adj fai(grain) sand ~moZravi nnnmovable property
qviSamxali/mxlisa(mc)(ix. qoTana) n adj ~naSovni n pl usu. earnings
compion,Lychnis ssp/Silene ssp Lat. ~piradi n paraphernalia,private property
qviSanarevi adj gritty ~urTierToba(ni) n disposal
qviSaqva/qvis n adj blae,sandstone ~uZravi n immovable property,realty
~kiriani n adj calcareous sandstone ~cenzi n property qualification
~rbili n adj hassock qonebaze pretenzia make claims to the lega-
~udabnosi n adj sarcen cy of sb
~carculi diunebis n adj sarcen qonebis dabruneba patronisTvis v n re-
~wmindamarcvlovani n adj poststone vert/reversion
qviSiani adj sandy ~miTviseba v n appropriate/appropriation
qviSis(ix.feri) adj sand ~CamorTmeva v property forfeit
~marcvali n ~ grain qoni(s)/gaqonva(ix.cximi) n v grease
~saaTi n ~ glass qoniani adj greasy
~sabado n ~ pit qorbudan adj antlers (pl only),beamed horns
qviSrobi(s) n pl. only sands qoredi n attic,mezzanine
qvrivi n widow qorepiskoposi n suffragan bishop,vicar
~kaci n widower qorkandeli n chandelier
~mefis/mTavris n dowager qoronikoni n Chronicon,paschal cycle/table
qimationi=kimationi n cumatium/cumationi= qorwineba(cxovelTa,wminda,wesi) n marri-
cymation n sing/pl Lat. age,matrimony,wedding
qimi n crest ~kanonieri n wedlock
qimiuri Semadgenloba n chemicalcompositi- ~saukeTeso n eloquent espose
on/constituents ~Sereuli n intermarriage
qinZi(s) n adj coriander=/Coriandrum sativum= ~SeuRleba v harness
cilantro Lat. ~xelaxla v n remarry/marriage
qinZisTavi(ix,sakinZi) n safty pin qorwinebamdeli adj antenuptial,before marr-
~Sublis n forehead pin iage
qiori=qoiri n funerary garland,wreath qoxi n hut,log cabin
qisa n purse qrTami/micema n v bribe,cross sb's palms
qitoni n chiton qrizanTema/qrizanTemis n adj feverfew,
qiSmiSi(s) n pl. usu..reisins Chrisanthemum parthenium Lat.
~1 marcvali n reisin qriste(s)(ix,ieso,RmerTi) Jesus Christ
qlamida n chlamys ~gamosaxuleba eklis gvirgviniTn ecce
qlibi n file ~dalursmva v rivet
qmna v n ger constitute,create/creation,form ~meored mosvla Second Coming
(ing),make(ing),provide ~mimdevari/moswavle n disciple
qmnileba(ix.arseba) n creation ~mkvdreTiT aRdgoma n the Resurrection
qnari=ebani n lyre ~swavlebani n pl teachings
qoba n hem ~sxeuli=puri=sefiskveri n Host
qoTana(ix.qviSamsxali) n adj compion ~sxeulis dResaswauli Corpus Christy

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~taxtze mjdomi n Christ in Mjesty/Glory ~sayrdeni n ~ anchor

~Soba n birth of Christ, the Nativity ~CarCo n ~ scope
~Sobamde before the birth of Christ=BC ~CarCoSi adv within the chronology
~Sobidan after the birth of Christ=Anno Do- ~cxrili n chronological table
mini=AD qronometri(a) n chronometer/chronometry
~xorcad da sisxlad gadaqceva purisa qrcvini n ferret, Mustela fure Lat.
da Rvinis v n consecrate/consecration qseli(ix.sistema) n net(works)
qristesisxla(si) n adj celandine=Cheli- ~momaragebis n procurement ~
donium gen Lat. ~savaWro n trading ~
qristeSobisa(ix.apnisi,dekemberi,tirisde ~saqsovi n warp
ni) n December =sistema n system
qristianad moqceva(ix.monaTvla) v n ~Sualeduri n median networks
Christenize/Christenization,convert to qsenoni=saavadmyofo n hospis,hospital
Christianity qsova v produce textile,textile production
~axladmoqceuli n catechumen ~qsovilis v weave
qristiani/qristianuli(ix.samsxverplo)
~yaisnaRiT v crochet
n adj Chrisian
~CxirebiT v kneat
ara ~ n adj ignorant
qsovili(s) n adj cloth,textile
qristianoba n Christianity
=agebuleba n fabric,matrix,texture
qristianobaze axlad moqceuli n cate-
~agebuleba n texture
chumen
~SeRebva v imbue
qristianobamdeli(ix.xana) adj pre-Christi-
~warmoeba n textile manufactue
an=Prechristian
qristianobis gamomcxadebeli/damdgeni qtitori n Gr. donator, ktitor
n founder of Christianity qudi n cap,hat
~amRiarebeli(Tanaziari/maRiarebeli) ~bewvis n fur hat,galerus/galeri (sing/pl.Lat)
n believer ~ebrauli n skull-cap
~danergva v n ger found(ing),propagate/ ~skviTuri n callote
propagation,spread ~ufarflebo n toque
~Semotana v n introduce.introduction ~farfliani n panama,sunhat
qristianuli adj Christian ~Calma n turban
~sakurTxeveli credence table quelTobai(ix.ivlisi,kvirikobisa,mkaTa-
qronika/qronikebi pl usu. annals,chronicles Tve) n July
qronografi(adamiani) n chronographi qulaja n short robe
qronografia n chronography qura(ix.Rumeli) n furnace,kiln,oven,stove
qronologia(ix.daTariReba,TariRi,TariR qurumi(ix.RvTaebis) n auger,priest,sacrific-
deba) n chronology er,sorcerer
~absoluturi adj absolute ~ ~berZnul periodSi n flamin
~arazusti adj loose ~ ~egvipteSi n hieratic
~zogan gaurkveveli n ~ loose in parts ~kaci/qali n bacchant(e),priest(ess),sor-
~SedarebiTi adj relative ~ cerer/sorceress
~Camketi chronological anchor qurumoba n priesthood
qronologiaSi amosavali sth pivotal in/for =adamianebi n priestly cast
cgronology,chronological anchor qurquma=kurkuma=ili n adj turmeric, Curc-
~wyvetili/xarvezi n gap,pause uma longa Lat.
~wyvetilis Sevseba v bridge(the gap) qurciki n antilope,saiga
qronologiis awyoba v hang on quslamoRaruli adj hollow based
qronologiuri adj chronological qusli n heel, sima (Gr),haunch,swivel=pivot
~zRvari n ~ margin ~saxsriani(ix.quslis) n swivel
~Tanmimdevroba n ~ (con)sequence ~fexsacmlis n sole
~TvalsazrisiT adv from ~ standpoint qusliani(ix.fexi,WurWeli) adj ring-based,
~kvlevebi n pl usu. studies soled,leg with a hill
~sazRvrebi n ~ coverage quslis bude n swivel-hole

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quCa(ix.qalaqis) n street ~damagreba v pivot

~gverdiTi n side ~ RerZi n axis,pin,spindle,shank,stem
~mTavari n Lat. decumenus maximus ~mTavari main/pivotal axis
~ ~ meore ~ n sing/pl Lat. cardo/ ~muxliani bent ~
cardiness Rvarcofi n mud and stone stream
quCabandi/quCis Sesaxvevi n alley,lane RvarZli(s)(mc) n adj Lat. Lotium sp
qceva(ix.gadaqceva,pirovnebad)v n behave, Rvawli n pl usu. contributions
behaviour,demeanor=demeanour,manners Rvawlmosili adj eminent,time honoured
qceviTi adj behavioral Rvedi(ix.Wapnis) n strap,thong
R RvTaeba n deity,divine/divinity,idol
Razli(s) n adj wool(en) ~mdinare n river god
~Zafi(s) n adj yarn ~mfarveli n protective/tutelary diety
Rala n quit rent,payment ~miwis mkurnali n healer of the earth
Ralativ n abandone(ment),betray/betrayal, ~nayofierebis n Goddess of Fertility
deceive,mislead,perfidity,treachery ~qari n wind god
~meuRlis v n deceive,adultery (Fr) RvTaebad qceva v n ger deify/deification,ido-
~qveynis/RmerTis n treason lise=idolize, worship(ing)
RamisTeva v be(keep,stay) awake RvTaebis qurumi n flamin
~avadmyofisTvis v sit up RvTaebriv(ad)(i) adv adj divinity,divinely,
~locvaSi n vigil(s) divine,numinous(ly)
RvTaebrioba n divinity,numinousness
~micvalebulisaTvis/taZarSin v wake
RvTivboZebuli(ix.niWi)adj God-given/send
Rarva v cut,flute,goffer,wave
RvTivkurTxeuliadj the Blessed,divine,right
Rari(ix.arxi) n channel,chute,ditch,duct,gro-
RvTivSTagonebuli adj c(h)arismatic
ove,notch,slot,mortise
~sawreti n drain gutter RvTis(a) adj God‟s,Divine
~Camosxmisas gaCenili n duct (produced ~borbali n God's Wheel
during the cast) ~(gan)dideba v glory,thank God/goddes
Rariani adj chanelled,chuted,chased,fluted ~gmoba v n blaspheme,blasphemy
Raribad adv poorly ~kari n God's gate
Raribi(ix.siRaribe)adj needy,poor,not copi- ~kravi n Agnus Dey/Dei
ous,impoverished ~mgmobi adj blasphemous
~adamianis memkvidreoba/qoneba n asset ~neba n providence
~monapovari scant(y) finds/remains ~sadidebeli n Gr. Doxology
~cnobebi sketchy information ~sasjeli visiting of plague
Rariboba(xalxi) n the poor ~saxli n Master's Palace
RaRadebs v speaks ~Rrubeli n special cloud
~Tavad sth ~ for it/themselves ~wyalobiT adv by the grace of God
Rebva(ix.saRebavi) v ger colour/paint(ing) ~xalxi n God's people
Rele n brook,stream,watercourse ~xalxis maswavlebeli n leader of ~ ~
Reraki(ix.Rero) n peg,pin,rod ~xma n God's voice
~futuro tubular rod ~metyveleba n theology
~xis n stick,(wooden) peg ~metyveli/metyveluri n adj divine,
Rerbi(s) n adj (coat of) arms Evangelist,theologian,theological
~fari n scutcheon ~morCileba(mosaoba) n godliness,piety
Rero(ix.Reraki) n rod,shaft,stick,stem ~moSiSi(moSiSoba) adj n god-fearing,
~narCeni n stump piety
~foTlis/yvavilis n stalk ~msaxureba n v ger liturgy, liturgical
Rerovani adj stem service,worship(ing)
~msaxuri n God's helper, priest
Reroiani adj stemmed
RvTismSobeli n Mother of God=Our Lady=
RerRili(s) n adj coarse-ground maize,grits
the Virgin=Theotokos (Gr)
(pl only),hominy
~oqrosTaviani n Gold-Headed Virgin=The-
RerZze adv along the axis

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otokos Chrysokephalos worthy of…

RvTismSoblis gamocxadeba n the Annun- Rirsi adj be worthy,worthy of,deserving..,
ciation(to Mary) venerable
~gamocxadeba the Annunciation ~mama/mRvdeli (his/her) Reverence/Revere-
~miZineba n the Assumption,Dormition of the nd, Saint
Virgin=Koimesis ~mowame Venerable Martyr
~safarveli n Shroud Rirssaxsovari adj memorable
~safarvlis dResaswaulin the Protection RirsSesaniSnaviadj momentous,notable,no-
~Sobis dResaswauli=RvTisSobloba? teworthy,outstanding,remarkable,signi-
the Birth of Mary ficant,very important,celebrated
RvTiuri adj divine,God-like RirsSesaniSnaoban landmark,show-piece/pla-
RvTiuroba n divinity ce,site
Rvia/Rviis n adj juniperberry, Juniperus gen. RiRilo(si)n adj daisy=centaurea=centaury
Lat. RmerTebis damSvideba v appeade
Rvinis(ix.vaWari,vaWroba,sardafi,WurWe- ~didi deda n Great Mother of the gods
li) adj wine ~mwkrivi/rigi n godly line
~mJava/mJavis n adj tartaric acid ~saxli n temple tomb(and house of gods)=
~qva/qvis n adj tartar hierothesion Gr.
~Sewirva v n (pre)libate/libation,pour a libat- RmerTi n God,god(ess),the Deity
ion to… ~adgilobrivi n resident god/spirit
~warmoeba v n produce,production mama ~ the Lord God,Pantocrator
Rvino(ix.zedaSe) n wine ~mfarveli n God Protector/Saviour,Pastor,
Rvinobisa(ix.mwifobisa,sTvlisa,oqtombe- Saviour,Shepherd
ri,tiriskani) October ~uzenaesi n the Most High
RviZli n adj liver ~qariSxlis n storm-god
~da-Zma sibling ~yovlad brZeni All Wise God
~naTesavebi n pl. siblings ~yovlismpyrobeli/Semoqmedi God Allmi-
RvlarWnili adj fanciful,intricate ghty
Ria(ix,feri) adj exposed,open,overt,unlock- ~yovlisSemZle n the Omnipotent
ed,unsealed RmerTisgan gamocda v tax
~cis qveS adv outdoor(s),open-air,open to RmerTma daifara God took care
the elements ~Seismina God answered
Riad adv explicitely RmerTo,acxovne!(ix.ufalo) God! rest his/
Rili(s) n adj button her soul
~sabeWdavi n button-seal ~daifare! God! save him/her
~yunwi n tang RmerTqali(ix.qalRmerTi) n Goddess
Rilkilo(ix.yvavili) n button-hole Robe n paling,palisade,(railed)fence,railings,
Riobi(ix.karis) n opening surrounding wall
Rirebuleban availability,cost,fee,charge,va- =kedeli n enclosure wall
lue, worthwileness of..,admittance ~cocxali n hedge
~mxatvruli n artistic value Robis sarebi/ficrebi n railing pillars
~sacvleli n exchange ~ ~Semovleba v encompass
~sruli n full cost Romi(s) n adj Beauv,Italian millet,Sataria itali-
Rirebuli adj available,costly,relevant,valid ca
valuable Roris birka(si)(balaxi) n adj Xanthium
Rirseba(ix.tituli) n benefitial properties, ~soliteri n Taenia solium=Fasciola heap-
dignity,merit,prestige,stature atia
Rirsebebi n pl usu. accomplishments,prop- RorRi(s) n adj ballast,crushed stone,gra-
erties,qualities vel,grit
~mxatvruli artistic qualities RoRnoSo(si) n adj clamson
Rirsebis grZnoba n dignity, self-respect RreCo n clearance
~simbolo n symbol of dignity Rrma(d) adj adv deep(ly)
Rirseuli adj notable,respected,respecful, ~fesvgadgmuli adj deeply ingrained/rooted

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~wasuli=Zveli sth goes back to the Nth yalimi=mehari=urvadi n bride-money

cent/mill yalioni(ix.xvirTqli) n pipe
Rrmuli n cavetto,cavity,concavity yamiri n bed-rock, fallow-land,fresh ground,
~litonis gaciebisas/Seklebisas n fun- virgin soil
nel yana n ploughed field,siftings
Rru(ix.futuro) n depression, dip yanis Wleqi(s)(balaxi) n adj Polygonum
Rruiani adj hollowed,shallow convolvulus
Ruza n anchor yanwi n drinking horn
Ruzis CaSveba v doke yaribi n roamer
Rumeli=qura n furnace,kiln,heater,oven,sto- yaryumi(s) n adj ermine
ve,uterus yasabi n butcher
~gamosawvavi n burning furnace/kiln yasbis dana n cleaver
~TaRiani n domed ~ ~ yaCaRi/yaCaRoba n robber(y)
~sadnobi n melting ~ yaCaRobiT Tavis gatana v live from ~
~sakremacio n cinirator yawimi=aSurma n baldric,cross belt
~sameTuneo n potter's furnace yajari n sing/pl Lat. ibis/ibis=ibides
~sawrTobi n temper ~ yba n jaw
~civsaberi n blower ~zeda n upper ~
Rumelis TaRi n roof, vault ~qveda n lower ~ ; mandible
~kazmis Rari n chute yda(ix.tarsikoni) n binding cover
~sawvavis CasatvirTi n stock-hole ~qaRaldis n paperback
~saxmili=sacecxle n sing/pl Lat. pra- yezraT naSim=galerea sinagogaSi
efurnium/praefurnii Khezrat Nashim (Jew)
~saxmilze wamosacmeli n nozzle yelburi=gaTxovili qali n married lady
~CatvirTva v stock yeli(ix.kiseri,WurWlis) n throat
~xonCa n loading chute ~zRvis n spit
Runva v bend,curve ~ ~ gasasvleli n isthmus
y ~xeobis n notch
yelsabami n necklace,strand of beads
yabalaxi n hood
yelCemi=gauTxovari qali n maiden
yadimi(s) n adj bed-rock,virgin soil
yvavili(s)(ix.Rero) n adj flower
yavari/yavris n adj lath,loculus,shingle
~Txilis/kaklis n adj catkin
yavarjeni=omboxi n cramp
~mravalfoTliani n multy-petalled
yazarma n Ital. barracs
~furceli n petal
yaiTani n braid,lace,stripe
~RilkiloSi n carnation
yaisnaRi(ix.qsova) n crochet
~jami n sing/pl Lat. calyx/calyces
yalami(ix.funji) n brush
yvaviloba(ix.ayvaveba) v flourish,flower
yalbi adj allege(d),false,pseudo
yvavilwnuli n v festoon,garland
yalibi(ix.uyalibo) n cast,mo(u)ld
yvelawmindis dRe n All Saints' Day
~daxuruli n closed mould=lost wax
yvelganmyofi(ix.RmerTi) n Omnipotent
~Tixis n loam mould
yveli(s)(ix.damwifeba) n adj cheese
~ornawiliani n two-piece ~
yvelieri n Shrovetide
~orsagduliani n bivalve ~
yvrimali(s) n adj cheek-bone
~samsxmelo n casting ~
yidva v buy,consume,purchace
~Ria n open ~
~gayidva v ger market(ing)
~haerze gamomSrali air-dry sand ~
~gayidvis sagani n pl usu. commodities
yalibiT adv obtain(ed) from mould
yinvari n glacier
yalibis keTeba v mould making/working
yinvaris maxlobeli adj peri-glacial
~keTebis ostati n mould craftsman
yinulis dnoba v thaw
~ ~ ostatoba n ~ craftsmanship
yira(ix.wyoba) adj header
yalibSi Camosxmuli adj cast from the
yiraTi=karati n Arab. carat
mould
ylorti(s) n adj (off)shoot,sprout

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yma n bond(ager/man),serf ~orkapa n barbed-deltoid tang

ymawvili n adolecent yunwReroiani adj stemmed
ymawvilkacobaSi/qalobaSi adv in early yurad Reba v heed
youth yuradReba n attention
ymoba(Si) n adv (sb in) bondage,dept-slavery yuradRebiT adv attentively,take sth seriously
yovel pron. each yuracqvetili adj prick-eared
~dRiuroba n daily life/routine, yure n bay
~kvireuli/kvireulad adj adv weekly yureba v contemplate,spectate,watch
~mxriv(i) adv adj comprehensive(ly) yuri(ix.nivTis,WurWlis) n knob,handle,
~wliurad adv annually,yearly ledge,lug
~wliuri adj annual =sakidi n handle(ledge,lug) for hanging up
yovlismomcveli adj all embracing,compre- yuriani adj eared,handled,knobbed,lugged
hencive,consistent,largely,representati- yuriT moTreuli adj far-fetched
ve,magisterial,overall yuris bibilo n lobe
yovlismomcveloba n complexity ~niJara n auricle
yovlismpyrobeli n the Allmighty ~narCeni nivTze n remain/trace of atta-
yovlisSemZle n all-powerfull achment/handle
~Semoqmedi the Omnipotent Creator yurZeni/yurZnis(ix.vazi) n adj grapes
yovlisSemZleoba(ix.SemZleoba) n Omni- ~kufxali/mtevani n cluster
potence ~wipwa/wipwis n adj pip
yola(ix.qona) v have (got)
yore(ix.Zel..,wyoba) n rubble stone walling
S
~kedliani adj quarry stone walling SabaTi(kronosisa;ix.didi,ebraelTa) n
yoris amoSeneba v rubble,rubble fill/packing Sabbath,Holy Saturday,Saturday
Sabi(s) n adj aliem
~qva/qvis n adj rubble
Savbalaxa(si) n adj motherworth, Leonurus
~Semavsebeli qva n rubble-fill
gen. Lat.
yofa n entity,everyday terms
Savebi=ZaZebi n pl only weeds; v wear
yofiTi adj household,social
mourning for…
yofili adj cidevant,ex..,former(ly),original Savi zRva/zRvis(ix.auzi,magia,muSa,feri,xe
(ly),yesteryear n adj Black Sea=BS,(Euxinus) Pontus
yofna v n abide,be,exist,presence ~garSemo adv around the BS,Cir(c)umpontic
yofnis v accommodates, sth is enough ~midamoebi the BS/Pontic area
yoymani n v doubt,fluctuate,hesitate/hesitati- ~mxare(Si) (in) the BS/Pontic region
on,uncertainty ~pira qveynebi countries adjoining BS
yoSi n dustpan,shovel
~pireTi/piruli Circumpontic area,the BS
yoCi(faris) n bell-wether
lands/littoral
yrili n barrow,bulk,embankment,heap ~sanapiroebze/sanapiroebi the BS littoral
~sasimagro n agger,rampart,sheathing(s) littoral
yriloba n assembly,convention SaviT TeTrze adv black-on-white
~adgili n assembly place SalaSini(s) n adj plane
yrma n infant ~kalapoti n stock
yru adj damb Samoti(s) n adj fire-clay
yua(ara puris) n butt,hub Samfuri n spit brooch
yuTi(ix.sabuTebis,wamlis) n box Sandali n candlestick
~musikaluri n sounding ~ Saragza n highway/road,track way
~saxuravis Sida mxare n inner ceiling Saravandi-wmindanis n sing/pl Lat. nimbus/
~qvis n larnax nimbi
~Calageba v ger box(ing),encase ~mnaTobis n corona,halo
yulfi n coil,knot,loop Sardi(s) n adj urine
~ormagi n double knot/looped ~buSti n bladder
yunwi(ix.Sesabamis sagnebTan) n ring,shaft, SariaTi n Sharia
stock,tang SaSari(ix.satevari) n flute

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SaSkvlavi(s)(ix.rehani) n adj basil, Oci- Sedgena(ix.proeqtis) v n compile/compilati-

mum gen. Lat. on,compose/composition,design,make up
Saxti(ix.maRaro) n mine,pit/vertical shaft Sedgenili(ix.awyobili,saxeli)adj compo-
Saxtis gasafarToebeli xelsawyo n re- site,composed,compound,mended,sectioned
amer Sedgeniloba n structure
~derefani n gallery Sedgoma berad/monazvnad(ix.aRkveca) v
Sahi n Shah make a retreat
Seberili adj swollen ~movaleobis Sesrulebis v take office
Sebilwva(ix.dabinZureba)v n profane,profa- ~saqmis v embark on the (eg study) of…
niety =Sekleba v contract,shrink in size
Sebinduli adj frosted Sedegi n aftermath,consequence,crop(s),eff-
Sebma/Sebmuli(ix.urmis) v adj fasten tie fect,issue,outcome,repercussion,result,
Sebolva/Sebolili v adj smoke(d) upshot
Sebruneba/Sebrunebuli(ix.naxevrad) v Sedevri n masterpiece,masterwork
adj turne(d) Sedis v sb/sth goes in,enters,is included,sth
~sxvadasxva mxares v turn every which way involves sty,leads in(to)
uku ~ adj inverted Sednoba v n alloy,conflate(ion),frit
Sebumbluli adj plumage Sednobili adj conflated
SebRalva(ix.Sebilwva) v n defile(ment), SeduReba v ger conflate, solder/weld(ing)
profane,profaniety SeduRebuli adj soldered,welded
Segirdi n (ap)prentice SeerTeba(ix.mimagreba) v (ad)join,connect,
Segirdoba n apprenticeship hold together,link,compact,enroll,san-
Seglesva/Seglesili(ix.Selesva) v adj dwich,unite
doub(coat,plaster,putty,rough coat of ~gamWoli/Cacelili through-splayed scarf
plaster ~erTad v hold together
Segoneba v n advise/advice,command(ment), ~erTmaneTze piris gadadebiT v lap
exhort(ation) about,presept ~TaTura halving lap,bird's mouth
Segragna/Segragnili v adj roll(ed) ~Tarazuli horizontal joint
Segroveba v n ger collect(ion),compile/com- ~makratela/ulursmo dovetailing
pilation,gather(ing) (together),amass ~ori ramisa v n align(ment)(of) two pieces
~erT grovad v n cumulate/cumulation ~piri-pirze join edge to edge,bed joint
~erT mTelad v n aggregate/aggregation ~saqmeSi be involved in(to),subscribe to
Segrovili(ix.fuli)adj collected,compiled, ~qveynis v n annex(ation)
cumulated,gathered (together) ~SeWriT v mortise
Segueba v n adapt(ation) to sth,adjust to,agree ~ ~ da kbiliT notched lap
with,accommodate(ion),get used to ~Sveuli vertical joint
=TanamSromloba v work alongside with sb =CarTva incorporate into
Seguebis periodi n a passing nod to… SeerTebis adgili(ix.xazi,xerxi) n bed
~unari n adaptability joint,junction,juncture
~unaris mqone adj adaptable saxsrovani ~ bude swivel hole
Seguebuli adj adapted/adjusted to,used to SeerTebuli(ix.mimagrebuli) adj joined,
Sedarebav adjust,check,collate,compare,con- connected,held together,linked,united
fer,correlate,verify ~raRaciT adj joined by
~ramisa ramesTan v n compare sth with sth, ~Sua feniT adj sandwiched
juxtapose,versus sth Seesabameba v accords,corresponds,tallies
SedarebiT adv comperatively,considerably, Seesatyviseba v sth coincides with sth
relatively Seexedeba part. sth is presentable
~mogviano adj subsequent Sevardeni n falcon
SedarebiTad adv comperatively,relatively Sevardna v break through
SedarebiTi adj comparable/comperative,re- SevardniT nadiroba n falconries
lative Seviwroveba v contract,intercept,make sth
Sedgeba v comprises/consists of sth, sth is narrower,narrow,squeeze
composed of sth

210
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~vinmesi v be pushed,supplant,pressure on Sekveca/Sekvecili v adj cease,restrict(ed)

Sevroni/Sevronuli n adj Fr. chevron Sekvra(ix.kona) v bind,fasten,hold(piece,tie)
Sevseba(ix.maragis,wyvetilis) n v comple- together,pack(age)
te,(in)fill out,maintain,accession,makeup, n sheaf
pack(ing) ~aliansis v forge
=srulyofa v n supply/supplement ~erTad adv arrange closely,fasten/hold to-
Sevsebuli adj filled out,completed,supplied together
Sezidva v n bring in, import =kona n box,bunch,sheaf
Sezneqa v curve inwards ~rkalebiT v ger hoop(ing)
Sezneqilgverdebiani adj concavesided ~wriulad/wris v conjoin in circle
Sezneqiliadj concave,curved inwards,incised Sekiduli adj hanging,tied up
Sezneqiloba n concavity Sekleba v n contract(ion),shrink in size
Sezrdili adj fittingly matched Sekmazva(ix.Sekazmva) v ger mix in,seson-
SezRudva v n circumscribe,confine,diminish, (ing)
limit(ation),restrain,restrict(ion) Sekowiweba v cobble/piece together
SezRuduli adj frontier nature of sth,limited, Sekreba v n add(ition),assemble/assemblage,
restricted,temperate,shallow bring/piece together,gather/meet(ing)
=damcrobili adj diminished Sekrebili adj brought/pieced together,ga-
=viwro adj confined thered
~ramiT adj sth bounded by sth Sekruli adj agglunative,bound,consolidated
SezRuduloba n constraint,meagerness fastened,sandwiched,tied
SeTavseba ramesTan v n combine/combina- ~wre n conjoint circle
tion SekumSva v compact,compress,contract,cons-
SeTanazomeba v apportion out to… trict
SeTvaliereba v n contemplate,discern,eye, SekumSuli adj concise,contracted,compact-
survey,view ion,succinct
SeTviseba v n absorb(tion) into,acquire,mas- Selaxva v hurt sb's pride/rights,wound
ter(ing),embrace,pick up,take in Selaxuli adj hurted,wounded
SeTvla v send a word by messenger Selesva(ix.TixiT,Seglesva) v coat.daub,
SeTqma/SeTqmuli v n promise/vote(d),votive dress,plaster,stucco
SeTqmuleba v n consire/conspiracy,plot ~aliziT v clay
SeTqmuli n conspirator ~gare(dan) v plaster,stucco
SeTxzva v n compose/composition,concoct ~kiriT v limecoat
SeTxzuli adj composed,concocted,fabul- ~TabaSiriT gypsum plaster
ous ~sqlad v adj thick-plaster(ed)
SeTxova v ask, beg ~uxeSad roughly plasred
SeiaraReban v arm(s),armament,armour,we- ~xsnariT v smear
aponry,fit,weaponize/weaponization Selesili adj clayed,coated,
SeiaraRebuli adj armed plasered,stuccoed,limecoated
~kbilebamde adj Fr. cap-a-pie ? Selesiloba n coating,dressing,plaster(ing),
~Seteva n assault(s) stucco
Seisvleba(Sedis) v is approached/entered… Selocva v n charm,incantation,invoke,
Seisruli adj lancet,spire spell,sorcery
Seiswavleba v sth is studied/is under inves- Selocvili(ix.gaTvaluli,monusxuli)
tigation/study,is suveyed adj bewitched
Seicavs v comprises/comprising sth,covers, Semadgeneli n component member(constitue-
contains, includes,involves/involving sth, nt) unit of sth,formative element/principle
incorporates,involves/involving sth,houses Semadgenloba n assemblage,composition,
Se(m)iwyale, ufalo! Lord, have mercy up- contents,fabric,makeup,matrix,texture
on me/sb ~qimiuri n chemical compound
Sekaveba(ix.Tavis) v n refrain,retent(ion),halt, Semavali adj incoming,incorporating,reflex
retain Semavsebeli n complementary,fill(ing)(s),infill,
Sekazmva(ix.cxenis) v harness subsidiary

211
 სარჩევი
SemarTuli adj raised
~asaxtomad adj leaping
~saqmisaTvis adj sb ready to do sth
SemaRleba n elevated point,elevation,eminen-
nce,hillock,platform,rais(ed)/high place
~mrgvali(miwis/qvis) n sing/pl Lat. pulvin-
us/pulvini
~xelovnuri n podium
SemaRlebis saydeni n riser
~ficari n rise-board
SemaRlebuli adj elevated,raised,
Semajamebeli adj summarizing
Semgrovebeli(ix.monadire) n gatherer
Semgrovebloba n food gathering
Semguebeli/Semguebloba adj adaptive,ad-
aptable,adaptability
Semdgeneli n compiler
Semzadeba(ix.kedlis) v n prepare/preparat-
ion
SemzRudveli adj limiting
SemTxveva n accident,case,chance,episode,ev
ent,incident,instance,occasion
SemTxveviT adv accidentally,by chance,casu-
ally,hapazardly,incidental,occasionally,
precariously,stray
SemTxveviTi adj accidental,casual,hapazard
incidental,occasional,odd,random,
stray,transient,sporadic
~monapovari/napovni sth found by chance
SemTxveviToba n (by) pure chance
Seminde, ufalo! remit me, God!
Seminva v fit with glass
Semiwyale,ufalo! Lord,have mercy upon me
Semkavebeli v adj impede(ing),retain(ing)
Semkvreli adj agglutinative,binding,cement-
ing,connecting
Semkoba v adorn,decorate,dress,embellish,em
boss,figure,furnish,grace,ornament
~xelaxla v n redecorate/decoration
Semkrebi n adj collector,junction
Semkuli adj adorned,decorated,dressed,em-
bellished,embossed,fancy,figured,
furnished,ornamented
~dafnis gvirgviniT adj loureated
~mdidrulad adv exuberant decoration,
richly adorned
~freskiT adj frescoed
Semkuloban adornment,decoration,dressing,
embellishment,furnishing,ornamentation
Semlocveli n exorsist,whisperer
Semmurveli n embalmer
Semobruneba v ger turn(ing) (a)round
Semogareni n pl usu. neighbouring areas,su-
212
rroundings, thereabouts
SemogarenSi adv in the environs/vicinity of..,
within surroundings
Semoglesva/Semogozva v color(wash)
Semodgma ramisa rameze v elevate,superim-
pose
Semodgmuli adj perched on top of sth,sup-
erimposed
Semodgoma/Semodgomis(ix.saSemodgomo)
n adj autumn(al)
~naTesi n winter field
SemoerTeba v bring into, include
Semovla v round
=Semowmeba v n inspect(ation)
~wm.adgilebis v n visit(ation)
Semovleba v border,encompass,outline
~rkaliviT v ark round
SemovliTi(ix.gza) adj roundabout
SemozRudva/SemozRuduli v adj enclo-
se(d),enclosure,fence(d),wall(ed)
Semoifargleba v sth is confined to sth
Semokaveba v carry a fence around,circumscri-
be,enclose
Semokavebuli adj fenced around
~adgili n compound,enclosure
Semokleba v abbreviate,abridge,contract,cur-
tail,shorten,make sth shorter
Semoklebani n pl usu. abbreviations
Semoklebuli adj abbreviated,abridged,brief,
contracted,shortened
~saxiT adj (in) brief
Semokreba v center around
Semokruli adj covered with,wrapped in
Semolageba v encircle sth with sth,put sth
(eg stones) around sth
Semomtani n bringer,importer,intruder
Semomqmedi n author,creator,founder
=RmerTi n the Creator
Semomavali adj incoming
Semomwirveli n benefactor,contributor,dona-
tor,voter
Semonaxva v keep,preserve,retain
Semonaxuli adj preserved, held in store
~kargad sth (is) in good condition
~cudad sth poor in preservation
Semoparva v filter into
Semorkaluli adj arked around
SemorCa v remains,sth (has) survived
SemorCena v n preserve,survive/survival,rem-
ain,sustain
SemorCenili adj extant,left over,lingering,
preserved,remained,remaining,saved,
survived,surviving from..,survivor(s)
 სარჩევი
Semosavali n earning(s),income,issue,pro-
fit,spoils
Semosavleli n ambulatory,areaway,walk-
ing-around area
Semosavliani adj gainful
SemosazRvra v border,confine,enclose,out-
line,mark the edges of (certain place)
SemosazRvruli adj bordered/bounded by,
confined to,outlined,restricted
Semosdevs v sth runs (a)round (circumference)
Semoseva v n intrude/intrusion,raid
~mtris v march upon,sweep across
Semosva v apparel,clothe,dress
Semosvla v n arrive/arrival,filter into,inco-
me,influx,intrude/intrusion,pour in
Semosiliadj appareled,clad,clothed,dressed
Semosuli dj filtered into,introduced,inserted
imported,intruded/intruder
Semosworeba v touch up, trim
Semosworebuli adj tiouched up,trimmed
Semotana v n bring in from..,drow into,form,
import(ation),insert,introduce into,int-
roduction of…
Semotanili adj brought in from..,drown
into/from,imported,introducwd by sb
Semoteva n v attack
SemousazRvravi adj unrestricted
Semouyveba v runs round
Semofantuli(ix.dakarguli) adj scatter-
ed over,spreaded,thrown about
Semofargvla v confine,limit
Semoqmedeba n creativity,creation of sb
SemqmedebiTi adj creative,originative
Semo(m)qmedi n the Creator
~adamiani n adj creator,creative
~yovlisa n the Omnipotent Creator
SemoReba v n adopt(ion),asher,bring in,empl-
oy(ment),institute/institution,introduce
~xelaxla v reintroduce
SemoRebuli adj adopted,ashered,brought in,
employed,instituted,introduced
SemoRobva v carry a fence around N area
~fiCxis konebiT(ix.fiCxi) v faggot
Semorobiliadj compounded by sth,enclosed
SemoSveba/SeSveba v admit,let in,inlet
SemoZarcva v dismantle
SemoZarculi adj dismantled
Semowiruloba n aid,benevolence,contribut-
ion,grant
~miznobrivi n grant-in-aid
Semowmeba v adjust,check,collate,control,insp-
ect,test,verify
213
~esaWiroeba sth cries out for testing
~xelaxla v n re-examine/examination
Semowmebuli adj adjusted,checked,collated,
controlled,inspected,tested,verified
Semowyoba(ix.alya) v enclose,outline
SemoWra v n influx,intrude/intrusion
SemoWrili adj n intrusive,influx,intruder
Semoxazvav n delineate,demarcate/demarcati-
on,designate/designation,encircle,en-
compass,outline,sicumscribe,trace
Semoxazuli adj delineated,demarcated,de-
signated,encircled,encompassed,outli-
ned,sircumscribed,traced
Semoxveva/Semoxveuli v adj enwind(ed)
Semsubuqeba v alleviate,ease,facilitate,lighten
Semswavleli adj study
Semtvreva v break in/open
Semtkiceba v ger cement(ing),hold together,
reinforce,stabilize
~xsnariT v hold together with mortar
Semtkicebuli adj cemented,held together,re-
inforced,stabilized
Semurva(ix.gamurva,Semmurveli) v embalm
Semusvra v destroy,demolish,ruin,shatter,
smash
SemuSaveba v design,devise,define,evolve,pro-
vide,set up,work out
SemuSavebuli adj designed,devised,defined,
evolved,provided,set up,worked out
Semfasebeli n referee
Semqmneli n author,creator,designer,formati-
ve,founder,generator,originator
SemSvebi n v inlet
SemSvelebeli n helper,spell
SemSleli adj hampering,hindering
SemCneva v detect,discern,notice,observe
SemCerebeli adj retaining
Semcdari adj mistaken
Semcveli adj sth bearing(consisting,contain-
ing)(of|) sth,comprising
Semcveloba n content,consentrating of sth
Semcvleli adj comprising,substitude,succe-
ssor
Semcireba v alleviate,contract,curtail,decrease
diminish,discharge,downgrade,drop,
dwarf,lessen,reduce,scale down
Semcirebuli adj alleviated,contracted,curta-
iled,decreased,diminished,discharged,drop
ped,dwarfed,lessened,reduced,scaled down
Semcxvari=Secxobili adj baked,clotted,
coagulated
SemZvreli adj touching
SemZle(oba) adj n (cap)able,capability
 სარჩევი
~ekonomikuri economic subsistance
Semwynarebeli adj indulgent in, tolerant
Semwynarebloba n common will,indulgence,
tolerance
Semwynarebluri adj tolerable,tolerant
SemWidroeba v compact
SemWidroebuli adj concise,compact, (put
sth) in close order
Semxvedri adj counter… (eg answer/offer)
Semjdari(ix.cxenze) adj sb sitting on sth
Senadnobi(s) adj alloy,conflation of metals
SenaerTi n formation,unit
SenarCuneba v n hold,keep,keep safe,mainta-
in/maintenance,preserve/preservation,retain,
survive/survival,sustain,uphold
~samudamod v n perpetuate(ion)
SenarCunebuli adj intact,kept safe,maintai-
ned,preserved
Senacvleba v substitute
SenaZeni n adj acquisition,consumed,purcha-
sed
~Zvirfasi n booty
Senaxva v house,keep,maintenance,store
Senaxuliadj housed,kept,held in store,maint-
ained,stored,preserved
Sengreva v break throught
Sendeba v sth is being built
Sendoba v excuse,forgive,pardon,repose
SendobisaTvis adv for repose of sb
Seneba v ger n build(ing),construct(ing)(ion)
Seneleba v ger slow down,slackening
SeniSvna v n comment,note,notice,re-critisize/
criticism,remark
=aRniSvna v state
~aSiaze n apostil
~teqstSi n v reference
SeniSvnebi... n pl usu. notes on…
Senoba n building,structure
~damxmare SenobebiT associated auxiliary ~
~konstruqciulad dakavSirebuli erT-
maneTTan ZiriTadi birTviT cluster-ty-
pe=clustering ~
~mTavari/ZiriTadi main building
=minaSeni lean-to construction=shed
~samaxsovro n commemorating building
~senakebisebri n cell-plan ~
~skisebri beehive structure
~Sewyvilebuli n twin structure
~STambeWdavi n imposing building
~xis CarCoTi n timber-framed building
Senobebi gverdi-gverd adj juxtaposed bui-
ldings
214
Senobis burji n support-bearing post
~gadaxurva(ix.saxuravi) v ger roof(ing)
~ganiavebis sistema wind-catch(er),wind-
hole(tower/trap)
~gare mosapirkeTebeli zedapiri n face
~gvirgvini n corbelling,coping
~kexi n crest
~ialqani n pendentive
~mala n bay,range
~miwiszeda nawili n superstructure
~ miwisqveda ~ n substructure
~nakveTuri n casemate
~nawilebi erTmaneTTan konstruqciul-
ad erTmaneTTan dakavSirebuli adj
agglutinating, agglutinative
~nawilebis gamagreba v n reinforce(ment)
~perangi(gare) n dressing,facing
~ ~ (Sida) n fettling
~sartyeli/Sverili n corbel
~safuZveli=saZirkveli n basement,fou-
ndation
~saxuravi n roof(ing)
~uReli n edge
~fasadi n front
~frTa/fligeli n wing
~qvabuli n ditch,foundation,trench
~CarCo n body,carcass,(frame)work,skeleton
~ ~ xis timber frame(ing)(work)
~ConCxi n carcass,frame(work),shell,truss
~xedi romelime n elevation
~xis CarCo timber frame(ing/work)
Sepyroba v capture,seize,take
Sepyrobili vinme ramiT adj afflicated/po-
ssessed by sth,absessed by an idée fixe
Seracxva(raime cudis,ix.dabraleba) v
frame up
wmindanad ~ v n beatify/beatification
Serbileba v allay,alleviate,soften
Sereva v n add,blend together,combine/com-
bination,fuse/fusion,influx,include/inclu-
sion,intrude/intrusion,involve,merge into,
mix,stir,pemetrate/penetration,switch
Sereuli adj miscellaneous,mixed
Serujva/Serujuli v adj burn,burnt/burned
Serqmeva v proclaim
Seryeva v shake
~reputaciis v undermine
SerCeva(ix.nimuSis) v n choose,select(ion)
SerCeviTi adj selective
SerCeuli adj (well) chosen,selected
Serwyma v n bring together,combine,couple in-
fuse/graft into,interflow,match,meld,mingle
 სარჩევი

merge(nce) Seqmna v create,design,develop,devise,embo-

Serwymulad adv in combination with…
Serwymuli adj combined,merged
SerWoba v imbed,thrust in
Sesakravi n fastener,fastening
Sesamoseli(ix.samosi) n apparel,attire,cloth-
es,dressing,mounting
Sesandobari n v remittal,repose
Sesasvleli(ix,saknis,samarxis) n access,
entrance,entry
~binaSi/SenobaSi n consistorium,porch
~ daxrili n (sloping) ramp
=xvreli n inlet
Sesaqme(ix.dabadeba) n the Genesis,the Book
of Creation
Sesayari(ix.saukuneTa) n crossroads
Sesawiri n adj donation,souvenir,(votive)
offering(s)
Sesawevari n offertory
Sesaxedaoban appearance,face,form,image,)
(out)look
Sesaxvevi(quCa) n alley,lane
Sesisxlxorcebav n acquire,acquisition,ass-
ert(ion)
Sesmena v realize,understand
~RmerTis mier God answered
Sesuaruli adj soiled,stained
Sesusteba(ix.gavlenis) v reduce,weaken
Sesqeleba/Sesqelebuli v adj thicken(ed)
Sesyidva v buy,purchace
Setakeba n clash,combat,encounter
Seteva v n attack,counter sb with sth,storm
~zurgidan v take the rear
~faruli n sneak attack
SeteviTi adj offencive
Setevis mogerieba v repuls
Setyueba v allure,backon,lure sb back
Setyupeba/Setyupebuli v adj twin(ed)
SeumCneveli adj invisible,not seen/noticed,
obscure
~TvaliT adj not perceptible
Seuswavleli adj unexplored,unknown
SeuRleba v n join,junction,juncture
SeuRlebuli adj harnessed,yoked in
Seuwynarebloba n intolerance
Seferva v ger colour(ing),touch up
Seferiloba n colouring
Seficva v swear,vow
Seficuli adj sworn,vowed
SefuTva v envelope,wrap
SefuTuli adj wrapped
Seqeba(ix.qebuli) v praise
dy,equip,execute,establish,fashion,furnish,in-
vent,originate,produce,provide,shape,form
~xelaxla v n recreate/recreation,reinvent
(ion)
=xelovneba n skill
Seqmnili adj composed,created,creation,de-
signed,devised,embodied,executed,for-
formed,invented,originated,produced,pro-
vided,shaped
Seqcevadi/Seqceuli adj opposite,reverse(d)
reversible
Seqceuli adj reverse
SeRrmavebuli adj recessed
SeRunva v curve inwards
SeRunuli adj concave,curved inwards
SeRweva v n penetrate/penetration,make
way to
Seyelva v ger cut(ing)
Seyvana v lead in/to,usher
SeSa/SeSis n adj fire-wood
SeCveneba v n curse,consigne,dumn(ation),
impricate/imprication
SeCvenebuli adj cursed, dumned
SeCveuli adj (be) accustomed/familiar to,
been/got used to
Secdomili adj n be in error,lost,sinful,sinner
Secileba/ciloba v n rival(ry)
~pirvelobaSi v contest
Secodeba(ix.codva) v be sorry for sb,pity
Secxoba(ix,Semcxvari)v bake,clot,coagulate
SeZRola(ix.gaZRola) v asher,lead
Sewebeba n v adhesion,gum,stick,become
sticky
Sewebebuli adj gummed,stuck
Seweva v push in(to),squeeze in
Sewevna(ix.Sesawiri)v n contribute/contributi-
on,donate/donation
Sewera/Sewerili v adj appoint(ed)
SewinaaRmdegeba(ix.winaaRmdegoba) v n
contradict(ion),challenge,objecr(ion),
rejoinder
Sewirva v n donate(ion),immolate(ion),
offer,present,sacrifice,transfer,vote
~Sromis v apply oneself to doing sth
Sewiruloba(ix.Semowiruloba) n contri-
bution,donation
Sewova v absorb(tion),take in
Sewyaleba(ix.patimris)n v clemency,mercy,
have mercy upon sb
Sewyvilebuli adj doubled,twinned
SeWedva/SeWediliv adj ger bind(ing),bound,
hooping, plate(ing)

215
 სარჩევი

SeWediloba n binding,cope,revetment(s) STaberva v enliven, imbue

SeWra v n cut,encroach,invade/invasion STavardna v plunge into
SeWyleta/SeWyletiliv adj bend/bent,press STamomavali n descendent
(ed) in ~pirdapiri n immediate/lineal ~
Sexameba v n adapt(ation)to,combine/combina- ~Rirseuli n successor
tion,match STamomavloba n generation,posterity
Sexamebuli adj adapted,combined,well mat- STamomavlobiT adv descended from..,here-
ched ditably,heritably
SejavSnuli adj steel armoured/clad STamomavlobiTi adj hereditary
Sejaxeba v n clash STanTqma v n ger absorb(tion),merge(ing)
Sejvareba/Sejvarebuli v adj ger inter- STasvla n Ascension
breed(ing),interbred Siga adj core,domestic,inner,internal,interior
Sejibreba/Sejibri v n compete/compete- SigTavsi n contents,filling
tion,contest,tournament Signeuloba n pl usu. entrails,intestines
~smaSi n drinking bout Sida(ix.ezo,winaaRmdegoba) adj inner,inter-
Sva(ix.Soba) v give birth nal,interior
Sveli-furi (ix.iremi,iremlaRi,nukri, ~ganxeTqileba n strife
Svlis) n doe Siiti n Sheete=Shia
~xari n roebuck Sikriki n courier,messenger
Sveri n recess SimSa n line
~Cacelili n splayed ~ SimSiloba n femine
Sverilzurgiani adj hog-backed Sinamosamsaxure n house-serf
Sverili(ix.bude) n boss,flange,knob,ledge, ~kaci n sevant
lug,nubbin,overhang(ing),projecting;(adj) ~qali n maid
projection,protrusion,sprout,tenon,corbel Sinamrewveli n handycraftsman
(ing)
Sinamrewveloba n cottage industry,handy-
~aqsonometriuli axonometric projection
craft
=ena n tang,tongue
Sinauri adj domestic
=TaTi n tongue
Sinayma n serf,servant
~satare n haft,shaft
SinnakeTi adj home made
~wvetiani n spike
Sinnaqsovi adj homespun
Sveriliani adj extending,flanged
SiSveli adj bare,nacked,nude
Sveulad rameze adv flush with,perpendicular
~xelebiT adv with bare hands
to sth,plumb with sth
Siferi(s) n adj slate
Sveuli(ix.klde) adj plumb,upright,vertical
Sifri(s) n adj code
ara Sveuli=gamoSverili out of plumb
~gaxsna crack the code,decode,decipher
=xelsawyo n plumb bob
Skala n scale
Svideuli=vnebis kvira n Passion Week
Sla(ix.rRveva) v confound,crumble
brwyinvale ~ Easter Weel
Sladi adj perishable
Svidwaxnag(a)(i) n adj heptagon(al)
Slaki(s)(ix.wida,juRa) n adj cinder,clinker
Svidmefoba n heptarchy
~ormo n cinder pit
SviTi(s)(ix. joriskuda) n adj horse/ma-
Slami(s) n adj silt, v slime
re'stail
Sleifi(ix.kabis) n tail
Svili(ix.nagrami) n child,offspring
~siyrmis n first-born Sluzi(ix.rabi) n lock
~ukanono n baseblood Soba(ix.kvira,Sva) v bear,give birth, n birth
~uZRebi n prodigal =dResaswauli n Christmas=Xmas
Svilosnoba n child birth = ~ wina dRe n Xmas Eve
Svindi=Sindi(s) n adj cornel,cornelian =Soba iesosi=naxati n the Nativity
cherry,dogwood, Cornus gen. Lat. Sobamde 4 kviriani periodi n Advent
Svita(s) n adj horsetail, Equesetum gen Lat Solti/gaSoltva n v whip
Svria/Svriis n adj oaths, Avena sp Lat Sorenkeci(s)(ix.qaSanuris) n adj tile
= "kafeli" n adj Dutch ~

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saperange ~ facing tile ~wvetiani pointed ~

SorsmWvreteli adj (sb) anticipated Subispiris masra n lance/spear rest
SorsmWvreteloba v n anticipate/anticipation ~ ~ boloSi gafarToebuli lance/
Spati(s) n adj spar spear-head flearing out/widening at the end
Srameli n shed ~liTonis qarqaSi n chape
Sre n deposit,layer;stratum/strata (Lat.sing/pl) ~qedi n midrib
Sroma n labor=labour ~Rru tari n plug-shaft
~amao,daufasebeli,unayofo n unreward Subldabali adj lowbrowe(d)
(ed)(ing) ~ Subldaqanebuli adj retreated forehead
~mZime n ard ~ SublmaRali adj high-brow(ed)
~xeliT n manual job Sublsakravi n frontlet diadem
SroSani(s)(ix.kalaTa) n adj lily Sublsafari n frontlet
Stab-bina n headquarters Subli(s)(ix.monetis) n forehead
Stabi n staff ~samkauli n diadem,frontal adornment
~generaluri n general ~ ~Rru n sinus
Standarti(ix.kverTxi,laxtisTavi) n Subosani n lance-knight,soldier-on-foot
mace,standard Subsatyorcni n spear-thrower
Sto(ix.rto,toti) n branch Suka n lane
=gvarSi n line Surduli(ix.filakvani) n catapult,slingshot
StoSi(s) n adj cranberry,Vaccinium sp (Lat) =Tokmobmuli qva n sling
Strixi n dash SurduliT srola v sling a missle
~naxazze n stroke Surdulis qva n round/sphere sling stone
=niSani n feature,trait SurTxi n wild turkey
~rukaze n hatchure Suq-Crdili n chiaroscuro,light and shade
Studiebi n pl usu. studies effect,treatment with shade and light
Sturmi=Seteva n v storm Sxami(ani) n adj poison(ous)
Sua(ledi) n mean,medium Sxapri(s)(mcenare) n adj Sparganium
Sualeduri adj intermediary,intermediate, C
spacer
Caglesa v cement
Suamavali adj n interpreneur,intermediary
Cadgma(ix.saZirkvlis)v construct(deposit,fit,
SuamavlobiT adv through the medium og sb
set) into,frame,insert,lower/put in
Suasagebi n adj spacer
Cadgmuli(ix.Casmuli)dj constructed,(depo-
Subi(s)=oroli(s)(ix.Subsatyorcni) n
sited,fitted,set)into,framed,inserted,lo-
adj spear wered/put in
~mtyorcneli n javelin/spear thrower Cadgoma(ix.saTaveSi) v stand/step in
~satyorcni n javelin Cadri n yashmak
=xelSubi n lance CaduRabeba/CaduRabebuli v adj cement
Subismagvari adj lanceolate (ed),lime(d)
Subispiri/wveri n pike/spear-head,project- Cavardna v fall down,thumble into
ile point Cavardnili adj fallen down/into,sunken,thu-
~alisebri n flame/flamy-like spear-head mbled into
~grZelmasriani long-plugged ~ Cavleba(ix.xelis) v grasp,grip,hold
~masragaxsnili open-plug ~ Cazneqa v bend/press in
~masriani plugged ~ Cazneqil-amozneqili adj convexo-conca-
~ ~ Rru tariT plug shafted/socketed~ ve,ogee
~ormagzurgiani double backed blade Cazneqili adj pressed in
~patara=mujira(ix.wverwamocmuli) n ~ormxriv adj double-concave(d)
lance-head Cakargva v be lost,dwindle in obscurity
~sqelzurgiani heavy backed blade ~drois morevSi/wyvdiadSi be lost in the
~foTlisebri leaf-like spear-head dark abysm of time
~qediani mid-ribbed ~ Cakereba(ix.liTonis) v sew in
~wvermomrgvalebuli round-tipped ~ Cakerebuli adj cast on,repaired,sewn in

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Caketva v block,close,cage up,fasten,lock, Camoqloneba v n ger rivet(ing)

shut Camoqna v ger form(trim/shape)(ing)
Caketili adj blocked,closed,caged up,faste- Camoqnili adj (perfectly) formed(shaped,
ned,nclosed,locked,shut trimmed),slender
Cakvdoma v n decay,decline/declination,dec- Camoqniloba n slenderness
rease,die away,langwish,perish Camoyalibeba(ix.Seqmna) v n create/cre-
Cakvla v mortify,tear the soul of sth ation,emerge(nce),form(ation),formulate/
Cala/Calis n adj chaff,straw formulation,constitute,fashion,forge,give
Calageba v ger bag(ing),pack(ing) rise to sth,makeup,originate,refine,shape,
~nivTebs Soris v ger intervene(ing) set up,structure
Calboba/Cambali v adj soak(ed),wet ~dawvrilebiT v recount
Calma n turban =Seqmna v n establish(ment)
Camagreba v fix,frame,haft,hold by,insert,mo- Camoyalibebis periodi/sawyisi n formative
uld,terminate,weld stage
Camarxva v bury,interre ~wlebi n pl usu. formative years
Camketi(ix.qva) adj barring,closing,stopper Camoyalibebuli adj created,formed,formula-
Camkvdari adj decayed,decreed,died away,ex ted,established,mastered,originated,refin-
tincted,languished,perished ed,shaped,set up
Camogdeba v throw down CamoSla v collapse,dislocate,slide,slip
~taxtidan v n deposit(ion),dethrone(ment) CamoSoreba v cut off,remove,tuck away
Camogdebuli adj dethroned,overthrown,thro- ~xelisuflebidan v rempve from power
wn down CamoCexva v hack away/off
Camokideba/Camokidebuli=kiduli v adj ~weraqviT v hack
hang(ing),hung,suspend on… Camocileba v n eliminate,remove,removal
Camomsxmeli n caster ~niSnis v share off a feature,deny sth,the
Camomyalibebeli n adj former,formative character of sth
CamonaSali(ix.miwa,qani,Camowola)n debris ~ramisgan v ger decede(ing)
Camongreva(ix.Cangreva) v collapse,crush,de- Camocla v unload
story,gobbet,push down,runoff Camocma v draw/put on,move over,rejoin
CamorTmeva v n expropriate(ion) Camocmuli adj drawn/put on,moved over
~qonebis v oust Camowola v collapse,dislocate,fault,slice,slip
~Semosavlis/wyalobis v n deprivate/de- CamoWra v curtail,cut/tuck away,hack off,trunc-
privation,seize/seizure ate
CamorTmeuli adj deprivated,expropriated, CamoWrili adj curtailed,cut/tucked away,
seized hacked off,truncated
CamorTmeulis dabruneba v n revert,rever- Camqrali(ix.kiri) adj extinguished
sion ~vulkani dormant volcano
CamorCena v lag Camwkriveba v aligne,file,juxtapose,line up
~droSi n time ~ Camwkrivebuli adj lined up
CamorCeniloba n backwardness Camjdari adj driven,edged into,sb sitted
Camosakidi(ix.Camokideba) adj hanging ~WuWyi n grime
Camosasvleli n discend Canavleba/Canavluli v adj perish(ed)
Camosacmeli n cover,mounting,terminal CanarTi(ix.danarTi,furceli)n bush,insert
Camosvla v n arrive/arrival,come down,desc- (ion),inclusion
end Canasaxi n foetus=fetus,simple beginning of st
Camosxma v cast,found,mould,pour Canasaxovani adj in embrio,embryonic,in infa-
~mxatvruli shaped casting ncy,rudimentary,seminal
~uyalibo not moulded casting ~bazari adj burgeoning market
~yalibSi cast(ing) from mould ~warmoeba adj fledging industry
Camosxmuli adj cast,moulded ~xelisufleba adj fledging authority
Camotana(ix.motana) v ger bring(ing) CanasaxSive gaqroba v fizzle out
Camouyalibebeli adj unsettled Canafiqri n conception,design of sth,intention

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CanafiqrSi adv in essence, intentionally ~mWreli piri n blade-let,bush

Canaweri n deed,note,record Casafreba(ix.safari) v n ambush,ensconce
CanaWeri n mortise Casaxva v n ger beginning,conceive,emerge
Canaxazi n drawing (nce),origin(ate),stem from sth/some-
Canaxati(fanqriT) n record,sketch (n/v) where,rise, burgeon
Cangali(ix.gamiri) n fork Casaxleba v n colonize/colonization,settle,
~buxarSi/keriaze n pot-hook populate/population
~nawilebis SemaerTebeli n brace Casveneba(ix.mze) v n coffin,place/put into
Cangreva v collapse,destroysink Casma v accommodate,compress,embed,drive/
Cangreuli adj collapsed,destroyed,sunken edge into,include,interline,insert,mount
Canergva v impress on,inculcate,instill (put,setwedge) in
CanTqmuli adj tucked away ~Tvlis v mount in,insert
CanCqeri n pl usu. falls ~miwaSi v dig into ground, sink
Cardaxi(ix.urmis) n awning,eaves,penthho- ~ramisa v key sth into stj
use,shelter ~ ~ ramiT v embed sth with sth
Careva v n intervene/intervention ~sogmanis v interline
~adamianis n human interference ~Soris v embed/sandwich between
CarTva v n comprise,incorporate/incorporate- =Cayeneba v frame,insert
on,involve(ment),embed,engage,integrate/ Casmuli adj accommodated,bordered by,
integration,include/inclusion,key into,place compresseddriven/edged into,embed-
within ed in,included,interlined,mounted/set in
~ekonomiuri v economic inflication ~ miwaSi sunk(en)
~sarTvis v fill Cataneba(ix.kedelSi) v accompany by gifts,
~cxovrebaSi v draw into the life of… place in burial,put in tomb
~xelaxla v n reincorporate/reincorporation Catanebuli nivTebi n pl usu. funerary gifts
Carigebuli rigSi adj aligned Catareba v carry out,conduct,hold/run sth,org-
CarCo n border,confine,framework,setting, anize,perform,take place,undertake
shell Catena v prime
~betonis Casasxmeli n incasement.shatter- CatvirTva v charge,load
ing Catvifvra/Catvifruli v adj press(ed) in
~gemis n shell CauZiravi adj unsinkable
~Tvlis n mount for,setting Cafloba v immerse,inundate,sink into
~nagebobis n framework,shell Cafluli adj immersed,inundated,sunk into
=sazRvari n coverage,scope Cafxuti(ix.CaCqani) n headgear,helmet
~Zaris n undercarriage Cafxutiani adj helmed
~xis n timber-frame Caqolva v flaile alive,hail with stones,stone
CarCoebs scildeba v sth passes outside/is Caqsova v employ in,fuse into,interweave,
beyond the scope of sth knit in
CarCoTi daWera v hold by a brooch/frame Caqroba v extinguish,slack
~Sekvra v frame ~CanasaxSive v fizzle out
CarCos gadacilebuli adj sth passes/runs CaquCi(ix.CaWedeba,xis) n hammer
outside of brooch(confine,frame) ~ormxrivi n two-sided ~
~mibjenili adj sth puddling out to the edge Caqceva v collapse
CarCoSi(ix.qronologiuri) adv framed, in CaRarul-amoRaruli adj grooved
frame CaRaruli adj curved inwards
CarWoba v casp(dig,drive) in(to),embede,lo- CaRrmaveba v deepen,dip
wer into ground/pit n cavity,depression,grooving,hole
Carxze amoyvana v throw on the wheel CaRrmavebuli adj deepened,dipped,sunken
Carxi=morgvi n potter's wheel CaRunuli adj curved inwards
Carxis kvali n wheelmark Cayeneba(ix.Casma) v frame,insert
Casaberi(ix.sakravi) adj windblown Cayra v fill up,throw into
CasarTi(s)(ix.namglis) n liner CaSeneba/CaSenebuli(ix.kedeli) v adj build

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in,embed,immure CenCo(si) n chaff,husks(pl only),marc

CaSla(ix.CamoSla) v fail to do sth,sth appe- Ceqma(ix.cxenosnis) n boot
ared/is the failure Cexva(ix.tyis) v chop,hack,hew
CaCqani(ix.Cafxuti,samzeri) n helmet Cveva/.Cveuleba) n custom,habit
Cacelva/Cacelili v adj mow(ed),splayed ~myari consistent habit(s),strong proven
Cacma v dress,put on abilities in sth
Cacmuloba n robs ~SemorCenili extant habit(s)
Cacucquli adj sit(ing) on sb‟s hounches,squ- Cvenamde adv before us
atted ~moaRwia sth remained extant
CaZirva(ix.Cafloba) v merge into,sink ~moRweuli sth extant
is, rac iZireba adj sinkable Cvili(2 wlamde) n infant,neonate; adj soft
CaZiruli adj sunk Cviloba(Si) v adv (in) infancy
~zRvaSi adj submerged CiTva(daCiTva/moCiTva) v ger print(ing)
Cawera v inscribe,record,write down CiraRdani n torch
Cawerili(ix.garemoSi,ornamentSi) adj Cirgvi(ani) n adj bush(y)
scribed,recorded,written down Citi(ix.frinveli) n bird
CawveTeba v drip,pour ~vaSla(s) yviTeli Acer palmatum Lat
Cawvna/Cawnuli v adj plait(ed)/weave(d) into ~ ~ wiTeli Pyracantha Lat
interweave/interwoven=guilloche ~mgalobeli n song ~
Cawola v go to bed,lie down,collapse,disloca- CitisTaviani adj bird-headed
te,fault Citis msgavsi adj bird-like
Cawyoba v pack,put CiCaxvi n craw
~erT xazze/rigSi v n align(ment) Cixi n dead-lock,snap
~nivTebs Soris v intervene CixSi momwyvdeva v confound,perplex
CaWdeva v incut,(im)press in Cliqi/Cliqosani n adj hoof(ed)
CaWdeuli adj incut,impressed,pressedin,su- ConCxedi n frame(work)
perimposed ConCxi(ix.micvalebuli) n skeleton
~kvadrati n quadratum incusum
~arasruli fractional(incomplete/partial) ~
CaWedeba=CaWedva v hammer,instuck=stuck in
~gaSotili extended ~
CaWideba v cling
~dazianebuli damaged ~
CaWra(ix.gaWra) v cut in/into,notch
~danawevrebuli diarticulated ~
CaWrili adj curved,cut in/into,notched
~didi tanis robust ~
CaWyleta/CaWyletili v adj bend/bent,
~zurgze mwoli ~ on (its)back
dent(ed)
~TaviT... ~ head oriented/pointed to(wards)…
Caxazva v ger draw(ing),record(ing)
~TavmokveTili decapitated ~
~ramisa rameSi n insert
~kidurebmoxrili crouched ~, ~ in a
Caxazuli adj drawn,inserted,recorded
contracted positin/withcurved extrem-
Caxergva/Caxergili v adj block(ed) in/up,
ities
clog(ed) ~mokecili/moxrili in contracted position
Caxveva/Caxveuli v adj twist(ed) in
~mokrunCxuli crouched(squatted/in tightly
Caxveul-CaxlarTuli adj interlaced,quaint
flexed) position
CaxlarTuli adj complex,curlicue,elaborate, ~moxrili flexed ~
inextricable,intricate,involved,knotted ~muxlebmokecili ~ with bent/flexed legs
CaxlarTuloba n complexity
~mwolare lying ~
Caxmaxi(s) n lock
~ ~ gverdze ~ ~ on the left/right side
~fexi n trigger
~ ~ zurgze ~ ~ on one's back,backwards,
Caxraxna/Caxraxnili v adj wrench(ed) in
supine
Caxuteba v cuddle ~ ~piraRma ~ ~ front up,supine
CaxSoba v mortify,subdue,suppress,vanish ~ ~pirqve ~ ~ with face down(wards),
Celti(s)(ix.gza) n adj brushwood,curdi- front down,prone
roy,hurde ~fexebmokecili barZaysa da muxlSi
~safeni n pole/stake flooring ~ with legs crouched

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~Canasaxis formiT in embryonic/foetal po- ~mociquli n ethereal messenger

sition ~naTeli n ~ light
~Zalze moxrili tightly flexed position ~qveS adv under the sky
~xel-fexgamarTuli=gaSotili ~ with ~ ~ =gareT/haerze adv open air
stretched extremities ~qveSeTi n the world
~xel-fexmokecili(ix.kidurebmoxrili) cad adv in the heaven/sky
with crouched/curved extremities calsaswori steelyard
ConCxis(a) adj skeletal cal mxares adv at one side
~Zvlebi areuli disarticulated bones cali n one, piece,record
ConCxs Catanebuli hqonda skeleton(s) was/ ~wyvilis n one of a pair
were accorded grave goods… calke adj alone,apart,distinct,individual,is-
Cofura(ix.liToni) adj pitted,pock-marked olate(d),separate,single
face adv privately,separately,singly,solely
CoCori n foal ~mdgomi adj alone,free-standing,(semi)
Coxa(ix.axaluxi) n Caucasian coat detached
Crdili(ix.naxazi,naxati) n shade,shadow calkeuli adj desultory,individual(istic),iso-
CrdilSi moqceva v deem by, obscure lated,particular,scattered,separate,
~Sesvla v n immerse/immersion single,stray
Crdilo adj north(ern) calmxrivad adv unilaterally
CrdiloeTi n adj north calmxrivi adj one sided/track,unilateral
ukiduresi ~ northernmost calpira/calfxiani adj one/single bladed
CrdiloeTiT adv northwards calsaswori n steelyard
Crdiloeli n Norse caluReli(ix.jidao) n horse-collar,withers
Crdilouri adj northern yoke
Cubini adj Argus-eyed cal-calke adv alone,apart,each by itself,se-
Cuglugi(ix.culi) n pole-axe parately
Cumi adj mute carieli(ix.dacla) adj empty
Custi n slipper carci n chalk
~naWris n canvas sneakers carciani/carcis(ix.xana) adj chalky
Cuqeba v n grant,present ~qaRaldi chalk paper,everlay
CuqurTma n curve,fret-work,filigree cacxvi(s) n adj lime-tree, Tilia (Lat)
~waSlili adj obliterated cda v n attempt,effort,endeavour,strive,seek
CuqurTmiani adj carved to learn,try/trial(s),test
CuqurTmis mWreli n curver cdomileba n error,misclosure
~qvaze n lapicide cdomilebis zRvari n margin of error,clo-
~waSala v n obliterate/obliteration sure error
~Wra v ger curve(ing) cdomili(ix.Semcdari,cTomili,codvili)
CuxCuxi/CuxCuxa v adj bubble/gurgle(ing) adj sb misled/mistaken
cduneba(ix.Secdena) v n entice,seduce(me
Cqifi n pl inly tweezers
nt)seduction,tempt(ation),lead sb into
Cxaruna n trinket
temptation,lure,allurement
~sakidi n ~ pendant
cela n sing/pl Lat. cella/cellae,shrine
Cxvleta v pin,stab,stick celva v ger mow(ing),scythe
Cxiri n stick celi n mower,scythe
~liTonis n rod cementi(s) n v adj cement
~windis n knitting pin cenzi n qualification,working experience
Cxubi/CxubSi n v adv (in) combat,fight cenzori n censor
c centraluroba n centrality
ca/cis(ix.zeca,feri) n adj sky centri n center,core,focus,focal point,seat
~kamara n firmament ~mTavari nerve-centre of sth
~kide/kiduri n horizon ~mizidulobis center of gravity
~manana n manna,little pieces of bread ~mwarmoebluri manufacturing/producing
centre

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~ramis n v the core,focus,heart
~savaWro trading post
~samyarosi n hub
centridan gadaxrili adj off-center
centriT... adj centered/centering...,focused/
focusing
centris garSemo adv center around sth
centrSi adv sth centered sth
centuria n centuria
centurioni n centurion
cerad adv obliquely,slantwise
ceremoniali n ceremonial,paraphernalia
(pl usu)
~daxvedris welcoming ceremony
~sakulto/saritualo cult practice
cereco(si)(sakmazi) n adj dill=Anethum
graveolens Lat.
cerodena(ix.cida) n dwarf,pygmy
cerusiti(s) n adj cerussite
cercvela(si) n adj sweet-pie,vetch,Vicia
sp. Lat.
~mware n adj bitter vetch=Vicia sp. Lat.
cercvi(s) n adj pea
cecxlgamZle adj fire/heat-proof
cecxlTayvaniscema/cecxlTayvanismceml
loba=mazdeanoba n fireworshipping
cecxlTayvanismcemeli=mazdeani n fire-
worshipper
cecxli(ix.sagzebeli,samsxverplo,saweso
n fire
~gansawmendeli adj pure(ing),purifying ~
~minavlebuli adj smouldering=smoldering
~mudmivi adj flaming urn
~saweso n pire
~Sua n hearth
~Zlieri adj roaring fire
cecxliTa da maxviliT adv with fire and
sword
cecxlis ali/ena n flame
~gaRviveba/gaCaReba v light,make a fire
~kvali n fire trace(s)
~taZari n fire-altar
~SenarCuneba n custody
cecxlSi damskdari adj fire-cracked
~namyofi adj sth with coating from burning
cexva v ger thresh(ing)
cvalebadi adj changeable,changing,mobile,
shifting,unstable,varying,varied
~xarisxiT adv to varying degree
cvalebadoba n fluctuation,variability,variation,
variegation,variety,wavering,wwile sway
cvara n adj granulation,granulated
222
~ornamenti beaded design
cvaradasmuli adj sth covered with sweet
pies
cvari=nami(ix.wveTi) n adj dew
cveTa v wear
cviliT dafarva v waxen
cvili(s) n adj (bees) wax(en)
~gamoxda v ger bleach(ing)
~gareuli futkris n adj ozocerite=
=ozokerite
~modeli n wax pattern
~modeliT Camosxma v ger cast(ing) by
wax pattern
~modelis dakargvis xerxi closed=lost-
wax casting/technique
~saRebavi n wax colour
cvla v n alter(ation),change,diversify/diver-
sification,transform(ation),vary/variation
cvladi adj varying
cvlileba n alteration,change,modification,
shifr from…to,transformation,variation
cvlilebis Jams adv while the sway
~xana transformational era
cvlis... v sth passes into sth
cTomili(Sdr.cdomili) n planet
ciali v n play of colours,tint
cialinuri cista n hyalid cyst
cida(ix.cerodena) n inch=2,54 cm
=patara adj dwarf,span
civad(ix.naWedi,Wedva) adv coldly
civWedva v ger rivet(ing)
cikani n kid
cikli(ix.moicavs,sawarmoo) n cycle
cilindri n barrel, cylinder
cilindruli/dabal ~ adj cylindric(al),low
cylinder
ciloba v n rival(ry)
cincxali adj brand new
circeli(s) n adj cranberry, Vaccinium ssp.
Lat.
cis adj celestial,heavenly
~qveS adv open to the elements
cisartyela/cisartyelis n adj rainbow
cisTvala(si) n adj bluebell, Scilla gen.Lat.
ciskari(ix.locva) n dawn,sunrise
cista(ix.samarxi) n cist-grave
cisferyanwelebi n pl usu. (society of po-
ets and writers in the 1920s) Blue Horn
citadeli n citadel, arx/arcis ( sing/pl Lat)
citata n citation,excert,quote/quotation
citatis gamoyeneba/motana v cite, quote
ciuri adj astral,celestial,heavenly,stellar
 სარჩევი

~sxeuli n pl celestial body ~Zalian bevri/zRva wealth of information

~sxeulebis ganlageba alignment of celes- cnobadi adj cognizable,identifiable
tia bodies cnobari n handbook,reference
cifri(s) n adj figure,number ~anbanze n directory
~datana naxazze v transfer a figure ~mokle n shorthand manual
ciyvi(ix.kverna) n squirrel cnobebi n pl infirmities
~zoliani chipmunk-Tamias gen Lat. ~mwiri/wyvetili sketchy information
cicabo n adj precipitous,steep(ness),vertical cnobili adj apparent,familiar,knowledgab-
~ferdobi n hillside le,(well)known,notable,notorious,renowned
~Casasvleli rapid descent ~adamiani n prominent,timehonoured
cicxvi n deeper,scoop nakleb ~ poorly known
cixe/cixis n adj castle,citadel,jail,prison, =saxelganTqmuli adj renowne
enceinte,castellum/casteli (n sing/pl Lat) ~xerxi n the known means
~bunebrivi natural fortress cobola n bung
~kedlis Ziridan damreci damcveli ke- codva n heresy,imperfection,sin stigma/stig-
deli n stone glacis matis(n sing/pl Lat),vice
~koSki mTaze n hillfort ~momakvdinebeli n mortal sin
~mdebareobs mTaze v fortress sits atop hill =nakli n vice
~saSiSi n awesome fortress/fortificatio ~sapatiebeli venial sin
~simagre n bastion,castellum,citadel,fort codvaSi Cavardna v fall into heresy
(ress),fortification,stronghold codvili adj lost,sinful,stray; sinner (n)
~ ~ TxriliT n redout ? codvis gamosyidva v n atone(ment),expia-
~ ~ saTofurebiTa da qongurebiT te
embattled citadel/stronghold ~patieba v absolve
~simagreSi sapatimro n cassemate ~upatiebloba=dagmoba v condemn
~qalaqi n citadel,stockaded town ~Sendoba v n be absolved in/of sin
Sida ~ n sing/pl Lat. acropol/acropolies ~Cadena v commit a sin, sin
=cxovreba n pl usu. bonds codna v n awarwness,be familiar with sth,fa-
cixeze Semowyoba v n enclose,siege,surro- miliarity with(certain)aspects of..,experi-
und ence,intelligence,know(ing)(ledge),scho-
cixidan gaTavisufleba v release larship
cixioni n garrison codnis salaro n wellof knowledge
cixis alya(ix.sakani,cixe) n v siege ~taZari n shrine of ~
~aReba=jobna=damarcxeba v take over cokoli n footing,plinth, socle,substructure
~galavani n fortress wall,walling =paneli n dado
~ ~ koSkidan koSkamde n curtain wall coli n wife
~koSki n turret ~uncrosi n concubine
~qonguri n merlon col-qmari n married couple
Sverili ~ kedelze n orillion col-qmroba n matrimony,wedlock
cixoriumi(s)(mc.cikori) n adj cichorium col-qmruli adj matrimonial
cneba n conception comi(s)(ix.Tixis,minis) n adj dough,pastry
cno=aRiaro v acknowledge cocxa(si) n adj teff, Eragrostis abyssinca
~vinme/rame ramed v recognize sb/sth as sb/ Lat.
sth cocxali adj (a)live,animated,in flesh,living,
=icno v n recognize/recognition palpable,vibrant,vital
cnoba v n acknowledge(ment),evidence,infor- cocxana(si)(mc) n adj Lat.Verbena officinalis
mation,record cocxi n broom
~araorazrovani adj unambiguous cra v sieve
=aRiareba v n recognize/recognition cremli n tear
~aSkara clear/firsthand evidence cremlisebri adj drop-like
~werilobiTi n v record cru adj false,pseudo,quasi,specious
=wyaro n informarion.source ~morwmune adj superstitious

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~rwmenan prejudice,popular belief,superstition cxenTevza n sea-horse

~Cveneba(ficis miuxedavad) n perjury cxenkaci=kentavri n sing/pl Lat. Centaurus/
cudad(ix.uxarisxod) adv badly,poorly Centauri
~daculi adj sth in a very poor state cxensaSeni n stud farm
cul-samkauli n axe-pendant cxenebis Secvla v relay
~CaquCi/uro n axe-hammer cxenze mjdomi ride,(riding) upon back
~weraqvi n mattock ~Sejdoma v mount in horseback
culi(ix.sekira,qarCi,Ceglugi)n axe,wedge cxeni n horse,onagri=Equus anager
~amorZaluri n pole-axe ~ajilRa=faSati not emasculated ~
~bolofrTiani n end-winged axe mare,vaulting ~
~brtyeli n flat ~ ~bedauri/hune n fast/racer ~
~didi=mokletariani n hatchet ~gauxednavi n unbroken ~
~egvipturi=axloaRmosavluri n anchor ~gerge n a young ~
axe,Near Eastern scallop axe ~gverdiTi n outrunner ~
~mxrebiani n shouldered ~ ~doRis n racer
~ormagi n double ~ ~Tafla n (dark) brown ~
~oryura=satare xvreliT n socketed ~ ~iabo=taiWi n gelding ~
~sabrZolo n battle ~ ~lafSa n jade ~
~solisebri n shoe-last celt ~ ~sabrZolo n cavalry(troop,war) ~
~frTiani=qarCi n winged ~ ~samgzavro n saddle ~
~qvargvalis n chopper ~saspalne n pack ~
~qvis pirTxeli n ground axe ~ubelo n bare-back ~
~yuadaqanebuli/daSvebuli n lop-eared ~ ~ulayi n stallion
~yuakveriani n axe-sledge ~fornis n dry-horse
~yuamiliani n socket-eared axe ~frTosani n Pegass,winged ~
~Ruzisebri(ix.egvipturi) n anchor ~ ~yalyze adj rear(ed) ~
~Sverilebiani n trunion ~ ~Sekazmuli adj harnessed/saddled ~
~welSi gamoyvanili n an axe with inter- ~Sesabmeli adj draught/wheeler ~
seption ~Sua adj draught ~
~wiboiani n flanged axe ~calrqa n unicorn
~xelculi n handaxe ~cxensaSenis n stud ~
culiT gamokveTili adj linrd with cobble ~wabla n bay ~
~moWra v chop with axe ~wminda sisxliani n thoroughbred ~
culis dasamagrebeli Wrili n notch ~Waki n mare ~
~mili n socket ~xelniT adj shaft(thiller,wheeler) ~
~piri n cutting edge ~jiSiani adj pure-bred ~
~satare n haft,shaft-hole cxenis alagmva(ix.unagiri) v bridle
~frTa n wing ~asali n horse-cloth
~qusli/weli n stop-ridge ~aRviri n bit,bridle
~yua n butt ~ ~ lagmiani n bit,curb
~ ~ CaquCisebri n hammer butt ~ ~ ulagmo n shaffle(bit)
~Sverili n trunion ~avJandi n srirrup
~wibo n flange ~avSara n halter
~warmoeba n axe manufacture ~balaxi(mcenare) n adj honey suckle
curvili adj plated ~gadasafarebeli n caparison
cxadi adj n licid(ity) ~gamxednavi n horse master
cxavi n screen,sifter,sieve ~daWedva v heel,nail up,shoe
cxare adj burning,hot ~Tvalsafari n pl usu. blinkers
~brZola/kamaTi adj tough ~kbila(makerbia/wamala)ZaRlniora=
=cxoveli adj (most) intence,lively,heated ZaZa(mcenare) n adj pigeon‟s milk
cxauri n lattice-work ~lagami n bitwear,(bitted) bridle,gear,mo-
cxedari n corpse uth piece

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~ ~ misaSvebi saybeurebiT n bit with ~gareuli n moufflon ~=Ovis musimon Lat.

let in shaffles ~dakarguli n lost ~
~ ~ 2-3 nawiliani n two/three link bit ~dedali=nerbi n ewe
~lagmis nawili n canon,one or two can- ~dumiani n fatty-tailed=steatopygous sheep
on,bit ~verZi n rum
~ ~ tuCqveSa jaWvi n curb ~ ~ dakodili n wether
~mosarTavebi n gear,harness,horse attac- ~make n ewe in yearn
hments(furniture,trappings) ~wiTeli n red sheep=Ovis orientalis
~mosarTavis fgoli/maryuJi n larret cxvirsafari n nose-cover
~mundStuki n horse bit,mouthpiece cxvirwamaxuli adj sharp-nosed,sharpened
~navardi n v gallop nose
~nali n shoe cxviri(ix.gemis,navis) n nose
~nalis lursmani n horse nail ~arwiviseburi n hooked ~
~sabmuri n tather ~kexiani n aquiline ~
~sadave(ebi) n halter,reins (pl only) cxviris kexi/fuZe(ix.xaris) n bridge of
~sadavis rgoli n rein-ring the ~
~savarcxeli n horse-comb cxvirismieri adj nasal
~samkerduli n belly/breast band,saddle- cximi/cximiani(ix.qoni) n adj fat(y)
girth cxlad(ix.naWedi) adv hotly
~saybeuri(ix.qalis) n cheek-piece,shafle cxovel...…suff. animal..,animated,beast,life..,
(s) living…
~saZue n breech-band,crupper,rump ~frinvelTan seqsi n bestiality
~uzangi n stirrup cxovelmyofeli adj life giving
~unagiri(ix.unagiri) n saddle cxovelmyofloba n firmness,stability
~ ~ qalis side ~ cxovelsaxe adj zoomorphic
~ ~ ostati=saraji n harness maker, cxovel-Citi n bird-like animal
saddler cxovelTa n pl animals‟
~uReli n horse-collar,withers yoke ~batoni n ruler of the beasts
~fafari n mane ~eposi n bestiary
~qedi/qeCo n withers ~mfarveli n master/mistress of animals
~qurdi n horse-stealer ~qorwineba n belling(rutling,pairing) sea-
~qurdoba n horse-stealing son/time
~Sekazmva v harness ~Sewirva v (mortuary) animal sacrifices
~wabla(si) n adj horse-chestnut,Aesculus cxoveli suf. adj n animal,beast,bestia/besti-
hippocastanum (Lat) ae(n sing/pl Lat), life,living
~wamala(si)=kbila(si) n adj pigeon‟s milk ~aburZgnuli/ajagruli adj disheveled
cxenisebrni n equid ~balaxismWameli adj herbivore animal
cxenosani n horseman/woman,mounted ~gamwevi adj pack/traction ~
~gvardia n Horse Guards ~ ~ wyvili adj paired draught
~ ~ Royal Horse Guard ~gareuli adj wild animal
~da fexosani jari n horse and foot ~enagadmogdebuli n tongue hanging out
~meomari cavalry/horse soldier,mounted ~make animal in yarn
worrior ~mebrZoli/moCxubari adj fighting ~
~msubuqi jari n light horse ~morqenali adj butter
~tomi n horse-riding tribe ~mtacebeli adj bloodthirsty ~ ; predator,
~RmerTebi n pl rider-gods raptor
cxenosnis Sarvali n riding breeches ~ ~ xorcis mWameli n carnivore
~Ceqma n ~ boots ~mcoxneli adj ruminant ~
cxenosnoba n horseback riding ~mwolare adj recumbent ~
cxenSebmuli adj horse-drown ~saSineli adj creature, monstrous ~
cxvar-Zroxa n cattle,drove ~tvirTmzidi adj pack ~
cxvari(ix.koWebi,makrateli) n sheep ~ukana fexebze mdgari adj prance(d),

225
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rampart ~Sewyveta v cease life

~Sxamiani n tount(ing) ~waxnagebi n pl facets of life
~cocxali adj (a)live ~wesi n lifestyle(paradigms),residence ru-
wyaro ~ n life-spring le,rules(styles,ways)of life,subsistan-
~wyvilCliqiani/Cliqiani n ortiodactyl ce pattern
~xmeleTis(adamianic) n terrestial ~xangrZlivoba n lifespan
cxovelis bewvi(s) n adj fur cxovrebiseuli adj worldly
~muceli n belly cxoneba v n save,eternal salvation
~mZori/leSi n carcass cxonebuli adj Blessed
~ulvaSi n pl usu. wiskers cxratyava(si)(mc) n adj honeysuckle,Loni-
~saxis/formis in the shape of animal(s) cera gen. Lat.
~qedi/qeCo n withers cxrili n networks,table
~Sewirva v animal sacrifice ~monacemTa n data sheet
~wina nawili n forepart.protome Z
~ ~ fexebi fore legs Zabri n funnel
~ukana ~ hind ~ Zabrisebri adj crater-shaped
cxoveluri adj animal(istic) Zal-Rone n effort,force
~naSTebi n pl faunal remains Zala(ix.Zalis) n force,magnitude,might,pow-
cxovreba(ix.miRvaweoba,CarTva,cixe) v n er,strength
adj activity,affairs,dwell,lifespan/time, ~gamwevi n pulling/traction power
habitate/habitation,house(ing),life, ~damcavi adj protective power(s)
reside,resident
~Tanabrad moqmedi diagonal thrust
binadrul cxovrebaze gadasvla v
Tilismis ~ talismanic power
sag=subside=sink
~mamoZravebeli n driving force
~binadruli adj settled life
~samuSao n labour force
~damjdari adj n established(settled,villa-
~samxedro n force(s)
ge),sedentary ~,sedentism
~veluri n wildlife ~uxilavi/faruli adj hidden ~
~vinmesi n biography,life story,in the ~SemoqmedebiTi adj creative power
footsteps of sb ~warmmarTveli n determining force
~zRvarze adv live on the edge Zalagamoclili adj prostrated
~karCaketili adj secluded/unsociable life Zaladoba(ix.moZaleba) v n dominate/do-
~maradiuli adj eternal/everlasting ~, mination,sway,violete/violence
time~ Zaladobrivi adj violent
~miwieri adj worldly ~ Zalaufleba(ix.samefo) n authority,might,
~momTabare adj non-sedentary power
~mSvidobiani adj live at piece (with sb) ~usazRvro/SeuzRudavi n exuberant ~
~religiuri adj contemplative/religious ~ ZalauflebiT aRWurva v invest authority
~saero adj secular/worldly ~ Zalauflebis aRiareba v assert one‟s po-
~sameurneo adj economic ~ wer
~gavrcoba v display/extend rule
~saqalaqo adj urban ~
~ganxorcieleba v exercise of power
~soflad/qalaqad adv village/city ~
~zenitSi n in plantitude of sb‟s ~
~sulieri adj intellectual.spiritual ~
~mitaceba v seize power
~wmindanTa n life stories of saints
~mopoveba v gain power
cxovrebaSi adv in sb's life,lifetime,time-life
~ ~ vinmeze v n (maintain) control
~gatareba v n embody(ment)
~mwvervalze adv at the height of one‟s po-
cxovrebis ganaxleba v resume life
wer
~kvali n evidence/mark of human occu-
~niSani n statement of ~
pation
~siWarbe n exuberance of ~
~mizani n reason for living
~qona v power lay in the hands of sb
~saxsari n livelihood
ZalauflebisTvis brZola v jostle for posi-
~ferxulSi adv in vital context
tion

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 სარჩევი
ZalaSi Sesvla v come into force,constitute
Zaldautaneblad adv easily
Zalebi aramiwieri n pl powers not of this
world
~reproduqciuli n pl reproductive powers
Zalze adv badly,crucially,closely,deeply,dra-
matically,extreme(ly),greatly,heavily,hig-
ly,immensely,increasingly,overwhelming
ly,particularly,severely,very,violently,utmost
~bevri adj outnumbering
~Sori adj extremes
Zalian adv absolutely,extremely,highly,intrin-
sically,specially,very(much)
~bevri adj outnumbering
ZaliT(ix.iZulebiT) adv by forse
mTeli ~ adv with ferver
Zalis aRdgena v regain strength,revive
~gmovlineba v tour de force Fr.
~gamocda v n emasculate/emasculation,pro
strate/prostration
mamoZravebeli ~ mopoveba v gain mome-
ntum
~micema(gamxneveba/Semateba) v n encour-
age(ment)
~mokreba v gather strength,mature
~mqone adj mighty,strong,valid
~simtkice n energy density
~Semateba v n add, encourage(ment)
Zalismieri adj forceful,violent
Zalisxmeva n v effort(s),endeavour,invest
(ment)(of) energy,strive for sth
Zara(ix.CarCo) n box,superstructure
ZarRvi(ani) n adj vein(ed)
~gaSiSvlebuli(madnis) outcropping vein
ZarRvuli(ix.sabado) adj vein
Zarcva v forge,pillage,plunder,prey,rob
~gaumaZRari n rapacious plunder(ing)
~dapyrobilis v sack
Zafi(s)(ix.Razli) n adj filament,string
~gaormagebuli adj intertwisted
~gorgali n skein
~Sulo n hank
Zafsagrexi dazga n spinning wheel
ZaRlis ena=ukadrisa(mc) n adj dog‟s/
hound‟s tongue
ZaRlisqinZa(si)=gvirila/gvirilis n adj
comomile
~gzispira n adj cloveleaf=Matricaria Lat
~mindvris n adj ox-eye daisy
~samkurnalo n adj Arctic comomile
ZaRliskbila(si)(mc) n adj adder‟s/spear
tongue
227
ZaRlis ena/enis(mcenare)=ukadrisa(si) n
adj dog‟s/hound‟s tongue
~pilwa(si)(mc) n adj Album graecum Lat.
~pitna/pitnis n adj deadly nightshade
ZaRlmayvala(si) n adj bramble,European
blackberry
ZaRlniora=cxeniskbila=ZaZa(mcenare) n
adj pigeon‟s milk
ZaRlyurZena(si) n adj Lat.Solanum nigrum
Lat,cow(fox/lingon)berry,red bilberry, red
whortleberry=Vaccinium vitis idaea Lat.
ZaZa(ix.ZaRlniora) n adj pigeon‟s milk
ZaZa/ZaZis balnis n adj hair-cloth/shirt
~tomris n adj sackcloth
ZaZebi=Savebi n pl usu. mourning,be in ~
Zaxveli(s) n adj guelder-rose, Viburnum
opulus Lat.
~TeTri n adj snowball tree,wintorthur,
Viburnum nodum Lat.
Zgide n bulkhead,cross piece,dam,tie plate
Zebna v ger n delve(ing),detect(look,seek,se-
arch)(ing) for,hunt,navigate,pursue/pursu-
it,quest for,sound(ing)
Zegl(eb)ze(ve) adv in/on site(s),onsite
~aRmoCnda(ix.samuSao)the site provided sth
~dadasturda sth has been deposited on
the site
~mTavari adgili n central focus of the ~
~napovnia deposited on the site,originate(d)
site,originate(d)
~yvelaze Zveli adgili n vintage point
Zeglebi(s) n pl monuments, sites
~warsulis the record(s) of the past
~moxilva v n visit(ation)
ZeglTa dacva v n protect(ion)
~dacvis sammarTvelo (former) Main Direc-
torate for Protecting Historical Monum-
ents(later devided into two centres: 1-
Georgia Chubinashvili National Resear-
ch Centre for Georgian Art History and
and Reservation. 2-National Agency for
Protection of Cultural Heritage
Zegli n monument site
~adgilis mixedviT(mTavari/ZiriTadi) n
eponymous site
~arqeologiuri n area,site
~gamarjvebis n victory monument
~ganmsazRvreli,mTavari adj key site
~dauzianebeli adj undisturbed ~
~daculi adj protected ~
~ ~ velze adj sheltered ~
~iTxreba v is currently under excavation
~mezobeli n nearby ~
 სარჩევი

~mowyvladi n vulnerable ~ floor bearing/bridging joist

~rTuli adj complicated ~ Zelqva/Zelqvis n adj sycamore
~sanmuSo/tipiuri adj type ~ Zel-yore/yoris n adj crib-work
~umniSvnelovanesi adj crusial ~ ZenZ-foCebi n pl frayed edges
~uZravi adj immuvable/standing ~ , mo- ZenZeruki n sing/pl Lat. ibis/ibides=ibis
nument ZenZi(s) n adj waste
~Ria n open-air site Zera n kite,vulture
~Seiswavleba v is intensively examined Zerwva(ix.Carxi) v ger model(ing),pot,sculp-
~Seiqmna v caary off ture
~wamyvani/ZiriTadi adj key/pilot site ~lenturi n coil method to build a pot,mo-
~werilobiTi n record(s) deling with clay bands
Zeglis aRmarTva v set up ~tlanqi adj handmade,modeled by hands,
~aRwera v ger record(ing) offhand
~gadarCena v n save, salvage Zerwvis tradicia n potting tradition
~gavrcelebis farTobi extent of the site ZeZvi(s) n adj blackthorn=buckthorn
~gaTxra/gamTxreli v n excavate/site Zewkvi(s) n adj chain
excavator Zewna=tirifi n willow,with
~gaTxris strategia n onsite strategy of Zewnis adj withy
excavations Zvalze kveTa v (bone) curve(ing)
~gaxsna v unveil the monument ZvalTmcodne(oba) n osteologist,osteology
~ ~ velze v uncover,unearth,unseal Zvali(ix.Zvlis,xerxemali) n bone
~ ~ xelaxla v ger re-open(ing) ~barZayis n thighbone,femur/femora (Lat)
~dacva v n preserve/preservation,protect ~beWis n shoulder blade,scapula/scapulae
(ion) ~boqvenis n pubic/share bone
~ ~ velze v ger shelter(ing) ~gavis=jvriseburi n sacral ~
~ ~ sacavSi v ger keep(ing) safe ~enisqveSa n hyoid/lingual ~
~Sesaferisi kvleva v site-specific explora ~Tavis qala(s) n skull ~ ; cranium/crania
tion ~ ~ ~ firfita n table ~
~Sida nawili n intersite=intrasite part ~ ~ ~ Zvali n pariental ~
~centri n central focus of the site ~TeZosi n flank ~
Zeglisdeba/Zegliswera n code,collection ~TiTis n finger ~
of laws,edict,decree ~Txemis n pariental/sinciputal ~
ZelebiT amogebuli(ix.galavani,saxuravi) ~ ~ da Sublis n calvaria,frontal bones
adj sth lined with logs,tinber framing and parientals
of logs ~idayvis n cubit,funny bone,ulna/ulnae
Zeli(s) n adj beam,log,purlin,tie-beam,timber ~kefis n occipital ~
~gadabmis bridging joist,collar-beam,small ~kvadratuli n quadrate ~
beam ~kviristavis n kneecap,patella/patellae
~ganivi n cross/grating beam,stringer ~kiduris(ix. kiduri) limb ~
~Tarazuli/mTavari n purlin ~kisris I mala n atlas
~mokle small beam ~ ~ II mala ~ n axis
~romelsac eyrdnoba Senobis mTeli sa ~koWis(adamianis) n ankle ~
xuravi=Tarazuli=mTavari ~ n purlin ~ ~ (cxovelis) n astragalus/astragali
~Casobili n stake ~kubisebri n cube-shaped ~
~cxoveli n Life Pillar ~kudusunis n coccyx
~wvrili n scantling ~laviwis n collar ~ ; clavicle
Zelmiwuri(s)(ix.saxuravi) n adj earth ~loyis n cheek/zygomatic ~
and timber pile building ~lulovani n hollow ~
Zeluri(ix.biliki) adj timber
~majis n wrist ~
Zelfenili(ix.gza) n girder cover
~menjis n pelvic ~
~razec iataki igeba n bearing joist
~ ~ ToToeuli n sing/pl ischium/ischia
~CarCo,romelzec ageben ficris iataks
~mkerdis n breast ~

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 სარჩევი
~mtevnis=nebis n (meta)capral ~ (s)
~muxlis n knee ~
~mcire menjis n sing/pl .fibula/fibulae
~mxris n sing/pl . humerus/humeri
~wina ~ n forearm ~
~navisebri n crescent ~
~neknebi yvela n ribcage
~nekni n castal bone,rib
~safeTqlis n temporal ~
~saxis n face ~
~solisebri n cuniform=cuneiform ~;
lateral (sphenoid, wedge-shaped) ~
~sxivis n sing/pl Lat. radius/radii
~tabuxis n hesd.top of femur/femora
~terfis n foot ~ ; metatarsus/metatarsi
~wina ~ n (meta) tarsal ~
~falangis n phalange ~
~fexis=qv.kiduris n leg ~
~quslis n tarsal ~
~ybis(saxisa da qalas SemaerTebeli)
n yoke ~
~ ~ zeda n upper jaw ~
~ ~ qveda n lower ~ ~ ; mandible
~yuris n stirrup,stapes/stapedes
~Sublis n frontal ~
~ Zvlis Rru n frontal sinuce
~cxviris n nasal/nose ~; vomer
~ZiriTadi=naxevarmTvarisebri n semi-
lunar ~
~wvivis didi n shinbone,tibia/tibiae
~ ~ mcire n sing/pl fibula/fibulae
~jvriseburi=gavis n sacral ~
ZvalSesalagi n burial,ossuary,shrine
Zvelad adv formerly,in ancient/old times,
in antiquity
=Zvel droSi adv in former/olden days
Zveleburad adv in timehonoured way
Zveleburi adj ancient,antique,old(fashioned)
timehonoured
ZvelTagan adv from the earlies times
ZvelTaganve adv anciently
ZvelTaZveli adj inveterate
Zveli(ix.xalxi) adj ancient,old,proper
Zalian ~ adj Age-old,lapidated,old
ancient
Zvelmoduri adj anriquated,old-fashioned,ou-
tmoded,vintage
ZvelisZveli adj ancient, Age-old
ZviradRirebuli adj costly,expensive,high-
ly priced
Zvirfaseuloba n items of value,jewelery,
valuables
229
Zvirfasiadj dear,dearlyloved,precious,sacred
~qvis mkveTeli n lapidary
~SenaZeni n booty
Zvliani=Zvlovani(ix.sacavi) adj bony,os-
teon
~masala n bone object(s)
Zvlis adj (in) bone
~kveTa v bone carving/cutting
~mkveTeli/sakveTi n bone cutter
~morCi n apophysis
~namsxvrevebi n pl bone-splits
~simkvrive n bone density
~tvini(s) n adj marrow
Zvlissazrdela n periosteum
Zvrebi n pl usu. changes
~politikuri n pl usu. upheaval
Zieba(ix.Zebna) v search(ing) to find sth
Ziebani n pl usu. researches,surveyes
=gamocema=Jurnali n Studies (eg in
History)
Zira(si)=koWa(si) n adj caraway
Zireulad adv drastically,essentially,in ess-
entail way,fundamentally,principally
Zireuli adj drastic,essential,fundamental,
principal
ZirTeTra(si)n adj parsnip=Pastinaka savita
Ziri(ix.Wrilis) n base(ment),bottom,found-
ation,underside
Ziriani adj based
ZiriTadad adv basically,chiefly,essentially,
fundamentally,largerly,mainly,in main,
mostly,primarily,principally
ZiriTadi adj basic,entire,fundamental,key,
main,primary,principal,proper,staple
Ziris gamoTxra/gamorecxva v undercut/
mine
Zirtkbila(si) n adj golden-locks
Zirfesvianad adv to foundation
~SeZra shake to ~
ZirSive adv fundamentally,inherently
ZirZveli adj indigeneous,original, sth of
long standing,timehonoured
Zleva v conquer,defeat,win a victory
ZlevaÁ v n (gain the) victory
~sakvirveli n marvelous victory
Zlevamosileba/Zliereba n powerfulness
Zlevamosili adj potrnt(ial),powerful,triump-
hant,victorious
Zlier adv badly,bitterly,enormously,extensi-
vely,heavily,highly,sharply,strongly,violently
Zlieri adj extensive,powerful,strong,vigoro-
us,tense
 სარჩევი

Zlierni ama qveynisani those in power ~SeiZleba v readable

Zmadnafici/Zmadnaficoba n sworn brother walekva v inundate,wash across
(hood) walo n alcove,bay,niche,recess
ZmaTa omi n internecine war wamali/wamlis(ix.fiTxi) n adj medicine,
Zmerxli=Tagvisara n adj butcher‟s/sweet remedium,remedy
Broom,box/kneehole,Ruscus Aculeatus= ~momzadebis wesi n sing/pl Lat. Codex/
Ruscus aculeateus angustifolia Lat. Codices
Zmoba n brotherhood,fraternity ~galesva v ger grind(ing)
Zmuri adj brotherly ~gasalesi qva n stone slab
Zna/Znis n adj sheaf ~yuTi n medical case
Znelbedoba n pl usu. hardships ~Seyvana v convey
Zneldnobadi adj refractory wamaxuli adj carinate(point,sharpen,taper)
Znelad adv hardly,scarcely,with difficulty (ed),well-defined
Zoveba v graze,pasture,tend wameba(ix.jvarze) v n bring sb to trial,mar-
ZonZ(eb)i n pl usu. rag(s) tyrize,torment,torture
Zoweuli(ix.porfiri) n purple mantle =iwamo v believe
Zowi(s)(ix.feri) n adj almandinite,garnet wamebuli n martyr
Zu n adj female wamlekavi adj sweeping
Zua/Zuis n adj horsehair wamodgoma v arise,get/stand up
Zunwad adv modest(ly) wamomarTva v n emerge(nce)
Zunwi adj humble,mean,miser,greedy wamomwyebi n initiator,originator,ring leader
ZuZu n breast,teat wamosacmeli n cover,terminal mounting
~cxovelis n gland wamosasxami n cloack,mantle
ZuZumte n foster brother/sister wamoyeneba/wamoWra/wamoweva v advance
ZuZumwovari n adj mammal ~Tezis v put forward
~Canasaxi n embrio ~xelaxla v reassert
ZuZusebri(ix.kopi) adj mamiform wamocma v cover with,move over,put on,supe-
ZRveni n gift,offering,present rimpose
wamoweva=daweva v catch up
w wamowolili adj reclining
wabaZva v n imitate/imitation wamowyeba v n begin,commence(ment),enter-
wabilwva(ix.garyvna,waryvna) v n carnali- prise,give start to sth,initiate,promo-
ze(ation),defile(ment),paganize(ation), ote(ion),undertake
profane,profaniety wamtvreva v chip,crack
wabilwuli adj carnalize(defile,paganize)(d) wamyvani adj chief,leading,top(eg scholar)
wabli(s)(xe) n adj chestnut(tree) wanazardi n node,nodule,offshoot,outgrowth
cxenis ~ n adj horse ~ wanwala(Waobze gadasasvleli) n side
wagoreba v ger roll(ing) walk pavement
wagrexa v ger wind(ing) warafi n coppice(ing),grove,spring wood
wagrZeleba v n alongate/alongation,extend, warbzeda adj superciliary
oblong (Fr),stretch warbi(s) n adj brow
wagrZelebuli adj alongated,long,oblong ~nivTis/sagnis n fold,groove,rabbet,slot,
(Fr) sima/simae (n sing/pl Lat)
wavi n (marsh)otter, mink ~rkali n brow ridge
wakveTa v cutaway,cut rut,truncate warTmeva(ix.wahgvaro) v deprive,take away
wakveTil-bikonusuri adj truncated-bicon- warmavali adj fugitive,temporal,transient
ical warmavaloba n temporality
wakveTili adj cutaway,raked,truncated
warmarTad moqceva v n paganize(ation)
wakiTxva v ger read(ing)
warmarTi n headen,infidel,ignorant,pagan,
~araswori v misread
warmarToba n heathenism,pagandom,paga-
~leqsis v recite
nism
~sxvagvari v n edit(ion),interpret(ation), warmarTuli adj heathenish,pagan(ized)
resense/resension

230
 სარჩევი
~religia n superstition
~sakurTxeveli/samlocvelo n pagan
sanctuary
~samsxverplo n sacrifial altar
~taZari n oracle, temple
warmateba n advance,prosper(ity),success
warmatebis miRweva v prosper,succeed
~mwvervalze adv be at the height of one‟s
fame
warmatebuli adj blooming,prospering,pros-
perous,success(full),thriving
warmodgenebi(ix,rwmena) n imagery
warmoeba n v industry,manufacture,process
(ing)(ion),produce/production
~masobrivi n mass-production
~momgebiani n expedient
~sakvebis n food production
~saqmis v administrate,conduct
~Canasaxovani n fledging industry
~winareindustriuli n pre-ndustrial
~xelosnobis nawrmisv manufacture goods
~xelosnuri n craft industry/production
warmoebaSi damkvidrebuli adj sth (is)
dominant in production/manufacture
warmoebis adgili n place of production
~gamarTva v set up
~gaZRola v run
~kvdoma v decrease of production
~meTodi n method of manufacture
~teqnologia n manufacturing technology
~forma/wesi n mode of production
~centri n centreof/for production,produ-
ction centre,seat of manufacture/pro-
duction,factory site
~winare warmoeba n pre-industry/industrial
warmoebuli adj derived/derivative,manufac-
tured, produced
~masobrivad adv mass-produced
warmoTqma v sound out words
warmomavloba n ancestry,background,identi-
ty,liniage,original significance,the origins
of sth,roots,provenance
~adreuli sth of early origin
~gansxvavebuli sth of diverse origin
~daudgeneli sth of uncertain/not well do-
cumented origin
~erovnuli n ethnicity
~Tavdapirveli original significance
~keTilSobili sb of noblr birth
~mdabio=araaristokratiuli sb from
humble position
~ramisgan derived/derivation from sty
231
=sadauroba (eg Georgian) pedigree,sb of
(Georgian liniage/origin),descet/origin
= ~ gaurkveveli sb/sth of questionab-
le origin
~saerTo cognate origin/significance, roots
(pl usu)
~savaraudo n alleged liniage of sb
~socialuri sb‟s social background
~sxvadasxva sth of different origin
~ucnobi sth of undescribed nature
=wyaro n pl usu. the origins,provenance of
warmomavlobis adj eg. Georgian-born
~dadastureba v attest roots
~dadgena v plot
~mixedviT adv on the pedigree of…
warmomdgari adj sth based on N prototype
warmomSobi adj n originative,originator
warmonaqmni n body
warmosadgeni adj thinkable
warmosadegi adj stately
warmoqmna v n emerge(nce),originate/origina-
tion,form(ation),rise
warmoSva v give birth/rise to sth, provide
warmoSoba v n begin to emerge,birth,derive,
(spring,stem) sth from sth,origin(ate)sth,
occur(ance)
warmoSobili adj based,derived,originated,
produced
~raRacisgan sth stemmed from sth
~sadRac adj generated at/in
warmoSobiT(ix.warmomavloba) adj sb of
N (eg Georgian) origin,Georgian by dis-
cent,sb comes/hailes from (any country)
warmoSobs v arises,causes,constitutes,pro-
vokes,sth gives birth(rise,way) to sth,
derives,generates
~viRacisgan v descend from…
~nayofierebas v stems fecundity
~raRacisgan v descend/stemmed from…
=qmnis v promotes sth
warmoCena v bring to light,come to the fore,de-
monstrate,display,loom before sb,
expose,highlight,introduce,manife-
st,provide,render,reveal,unveil,yield
warmoCenili adj brought to the light,demo-
nstrate(display,render,reveal(ed),shown
exposed,highlighted,introduced,loomed,
manifested,provided,unveiled,yielded
warmtaci adj delightful
warsuli n adj anciency/ancient,antiquity,go-
ne,past,yesteryear
~uSoresi adj yore
~Rrma extreme antiquity
 სარჩევი

~Soreuli deep prehistory,distant past watexa v chip,crack

warsulis gadmonaSTi n a survival of times wauSlelad(ix.melani) adv indelibly
past warTmeva v take sth away from sb
~Zeglebi records of the past warTmeulis dabruneba v n revert,revers-
warsulSi Cakarguli adj lost in the dark ion
abysm of time waqceva v fell down
waruvali adj timeless waqceuli(ix.damarcxebuli)adj fallen down
waruSleli adj indelible waRma adj adv right (side)
~STabeWdileba ~ impression waSla v delete,erase,obliterate
warRvna v n (water) flood waSlili adj deleted,erased,obliterated
~bibliuri n the Deluge waZRola vinmesi give access to…
waryvna v defile,paganize wawera(ix.warwera) v inscribe
warCinebuli n adj aristocrat,high rank(ing) ~Zvel nawerze v inscribe on top of (earlier
individual,noble(man/woman) inscription/text)
warCinebulni(ix.eklesiis,karis) n pl usu. wawveteba v ger sharpen(ing)
elite,nobles,the nobility wawvetebuli adj sharpened,spired
warwera(ix.damwerloba)n v adj inscription, wawydoma v n come across,encounter again
inscribe(d) with,label,script,text,writing waxnagi n facet
~anbanuri alphabetic inscription wahgvaro=waarTva v n disallow(ance)
~asomTavruli adj majuscule ~ (termini wberi n press
(mogvawoda akad. z. aleqsiZem 2012 w) webo/dawebeba n v glue,gum
=dawera v inscribe, write webovaneba n stickness,viscosity
~damTariRebeli adj dating inscription webovani adj adhesive,sticky,tough,viscous
~kldeze n rock ~, inscribed rock welamde adv up to the waist
~lapidaruli adj lapidaries ~ welvadi adj lengthening,streachy
~maRalfardovani adj highflown ~ welze Semosaxvevi naWeri n lion-cloth
~miZRvnis/naCuqrobis adj dedicatory ~ welTaRricxva(ix.qronologia) n chrono-
~mosaxsenebeli adj prayer ~ logy
~nusxa-xucuri=nusxuri(mrgvlovani weli n waist
da kuTxovani) minuscule ~ (termini weli(wadi) n year
mogvawoda akad. z. aleqsiZem 2012 w) ~wels cvlida v N year turned to M…
~orenovani adj bilingual ~ weliwadSi erTxel adv once a year,per
~samaxsovro adj commemorative ~ year,yearly
~samkauli adj decorative.ornamental ~ weliwdeuli adj annual,yearly
~samSeneblo adj building ~ welszeda adj bust
~saxotbo adj eulogistic ~ ~gamosaxuleba n bust shot
~freskuli adj fresco ~ welSi gamoyvanili adj intersepted
~qvaze n stone-written ~ ~samosi ... fitted tightly at the waist
~qtitoris adj donator‟s,ktitor's ~ wera(ix.wawera) v scribe,write
~Rerbze n motto ~beWduri v write in block capitals
~Zeglze n monumental writing wera-kiTxvis/metyvelebis unari n oral
~waSla v efface and writing ability
~waSlili adj effaced,obliterated inscrip ~mcodne n literate
tion ~ucodinari n illiterate
~wertilovani adj dotted/pointilee ~ ~ucodinroba n illiteracy
warweriani adj inscribed weraqvi n bill,hack,mattock (n/v), pitcher
=warweriT adj sth bearing an inscription weriTi sistema n writing system
warweris amokveTa(ix.datana) v inscribe ~sistemis gardaqmna v n convent(ion) of ~
~mqone adj sth bearing an inscription ~Cvevebi n pl writing habits
~waSla v efface werili=baraTi(ix,wminda) n letter,message
warxdoma v breathe one's last screed
wasma v apply ~mociqulTa Acts of Apostles,Epistles

232
 სარჩევი

~saRvTo/wminda(ix.wminda) n Holy Scip- ~cxovrebis n mode of life

ture/Writ,Scripture,Epistle,the Epistles ~ZiriTadi n principle
werilobiT adv (in) written (form) ~werilobiTi n canon
werilobiTi adj epigraphic,written wesierad adv orderly
~istoria n recorded history wesiereba n accuracy,regularity
~wyaro n (written) records/source wesieri(ix,forma) adj orderly,regular
weris grafika n drawing of script ~adamiani/saqme adj respectable
wernaqi(s) n adj angobe/angobage,ruddle,slip wesis ageba burial services
wernaqiani/wernaqiT adj angobaged ~ aRsruleba administer a rite
wernaqiT dafarva v slip,dip into the slip ~gadacema v n propagate/propagation
wero n crane,heron,Adeidae n Lat. ~dadgena v enshrine
wertilebiT dafaruli adj sth thickly dot- ~darRveva v offence the rules
ted,dotty ~dacva v n observe/observation
wertili(ix.ornamenti) n dott,full stop wesrigi n accuracy,order,regularity
~aTvlis/amosavali n point of departure ~anatomiuri n anatomical order
~bolo n tail end wewoni(s)=koptoni(s) n adj cake
~gadakveTis n node of sth wvdoma v insight/penetrate into
~dnobis/lRobis n melting point ~gamowvlilviT(i) detailed insight
~duRilis n boiling ~ ~siRrmeebSi v pierce to the depth of…
~sawyisi n origin,starting ~ ~xeliT v grasp sth
~sayrdeni n footing,foothold from where.. wvevamdeli n recruit
impost seating,point of rest,support wveTva v ger drip(ing)
~umaRlesi n culmination/high ventage point wveTi n dribble,drop
~(Se)mobrunebis) n turning ~ wver-ulvaSi n beard and moustache
~Sexebis n meeting ground,point of contact wveri n beard,turf
wertilis dasma v put an end ~borcvis/mTis n summit
wertilovani(ix.ornamenti)adj beaded,dot- ~grZeli n long-grown beard
ted,dotty,pointileè ~ ~ TeTri beard hoar with age
wertilovanis msgavsad adv likewise a ~mTis n hill-top,summit
pointileè ~sagnis n point.tip,top
wesebi n pl usu. practices,rules wverze ramis adv atop (of sth)
wesebis dacva v confirm(observe,submit) to wveriT gareT adj outward pointing tip
the rites/rules,follow the rites/rules ~zeviT adj upward ~ ~
=morCileba v comply with rites/rules
~qveviT adj downward ~ ~
~sapirispirod adv unconventional(ly)
~ Signi adj inward ~ ~
wesi n custom,habit,manner,mode,order,pat-
wverosani adj bearded
tern,pracrice,principle,rite,rule
wverwamaxuli adj sth sharp-pointed/tipped,
~dadgenili n routine
spired
~dakrZalvis n burial(funeral,funerary,mort-
wverwamocmuli=mujira n sth tipped
uary) rite of passage,burial customs/
wvetana n point(ed) ,sharpened, spired
practices,mortuary practices,practice
of burying ~gverdCacelili n side-notched ~
~dawvis n cremation,practice of burning, a wveti(ix.wveri) n point,tenon,tip,thorn
rite of commiting to flame ~ = wvetura n gable
~miRebuli adj accepted rule wvetiani adj pointed,sharpened,spired
=rigi n order grZel ~ n tall pointed
=rituali n custom,practice,rite,ritual wveuleba n gathering(s),party
~qorwinebis n marital/marriage patterns/ wveulebis gamarTva v throw feast
rites,the institution of marriage wvivmaRali adj sb long-legged
~Sesruleba v n observe/observance,prac- wvivsakravi(s)(ix.tolaRi) n garter strap,
tice stocking suspender
~SeZenis n procurement pattern wvivi(s) n shin
wvlili(s) v n contribute/contribution(s) to,

233
 სარჩევი
input,put effort into sth
wvima n v rain(fall)
wliuri raodenoba n annual rainfall
wvimiani adj pluvial,rainy condition(s)
~Rrubeli n rain-bearing cloud(s)
wvna v braid,plait,tat,weave,wicker
~godris/Robis v ger twin(ing)
~ ~ kalaTis ger basket-making
wvrilad adv in small pieces
~damsxvreuli adj shattered
~danayili adj fine crushed/pounded
wvrili adj fine,sharp,slender,slim,sly
wvrilkbila adj small toothed,with samall
cogs
wvrilkristaluri adj fine crystalline
wvrilmani n fry/small items
~ambis/movlenis chapter and verse of sth
wvrilmarcvlovani adj fine grained
wvrilfexa(ix.saqoneli) adj small
wiaRi n bedding,heart,womb
wiaRiseuli(ix.madani) n mineral ore,riches
(sing/pl)
~sasargeblo n pl usu. minerals
~simdidre n mineral wealth
wiaRiseuliT dajildoebuliadj furnished
~mdidari adj minerally wealthy
wibo n arris,carination,fillet,listel
~mkveTri n sharp rib,sharply carinated
wiboiani(ix.gverdi) adj ribbed
wigni(ix.saaqimo) n book,volume
~aRweris n cadastre
~mociqulTa n pl usu. Books of Apostles
~saaRricxvo n register,registration book
~sainventaro n check list
~samagido n handbook
wigniereba n literacy
wignis n sing/pl Lat. appendix/appendices
~marjvena wina furceli n recto
~saZiebeli n sing/pl Lat. index/indices
~Semkuloba(ix.TavsarTi) n book illumina-
tion
wida/widis=juRa n adj burning,clinker,
dross,slag(ed)
~grova n slag heap
wivi(s) n adj dung
wiTeli xe=uTxovari(ix.feri) n adj mah-
hagony,Sweitenia mahagony Lat.
wiTlad(ix.paraskevi,feri,xe) adv sth in red
~SeRebili adj painted in red
~ ~ tuCi/Rawvi adj rouge(d)
wiTuri adj auburn,ginger
wili(ix.nawili) n fortune,part,portion,share
234
win(ix.ukana) adv prep ahead,before,forward,
in front of..,pre…
~aRdgoma v resist sb/sth
~gaswreba/uswrebs v presedes/pressed-
ing,ante/predates
~gaSverili adj protrude(ing) in front
~gaWra v go ahead/forward
~uswrebsv foreshadows,outstrips,surpasses
~ ~ droSi v antedates,predates,prese-
des
~wamoweva v put forward
~wamoweuli adj promoted
~wasuli adj well advanced
wlebis ~ adv years before
=uwin(droSi) adv eg years back(before,
early)
wina adj pref. earlier,front(al)(ly),pre…
~planze adv (sth shown) front-on
~plani n foreground
~samzeri=viziri n foresight
~ukan adv front part back,hinder part before
winaaRmdeg adv against, counter…
winaaRmdegi n adj contra(s)=con(s)
winaaRmdegoba v n confront(ation),contradict
(ion),controversy,discrepancy,object(ion),
disadvantage(s),oppose/opposition,resi-
st(ance),rival(ry),withstand(ing)
~Sida(polit./samTavrobo) n backbanch
rebellion,rebellious(ly)(ness)
winaaRmdegobis gaweva v challenge,contra-
dict,object,oppose,resist sth,withstand
winaaRmdegobrivi adj contradictory,contro-
versial,discrepant
winaaRmdegobrioba n contradiction,contro-
versy,opposition,resistance
winadacveTa v n castrate/castration,circumci-
se/circumcision
winamavali adj antecedent,foregoing,preced-
ing,precursor
winamdebare(ix.naSromi) adj the present
= wina adj previous
winamorbedi=manamade arsebuli adj an-
tecedent,fore(bear,most,runner),
precursor
~adamiani n ancestor,predecessor
winamZRvari n father/mother superior,prior
(ess),premise
=piroba n prerequisites
=wyaro n source
winamZRoli n leader,prior
~Tavadaznaurobis n Marshal of nobility
winamZRoloba n leadership,take the lead in
sth
 სარჩევი

winaparTa kulti n ancestor worship winsvla v n advance(ment),advantage,faci-

winapari n ancestor,antecedent,forebear(s), litate,headway,make advance(headw-
forefather(s),founder,predecessor,pro- way,progress),prosper
genitor winswreba v anticiparte,antedate,precede(nce
~bibliuri n root(pedigree) predate
~saerTo n the first father/mother winwila n cymbalo
winapiroba n key to,precondition,predispos- winwkali n sweet pea,spot
ing condition(s),prerequisite,premise winxedi n (front) elevation,full face,en face
winaprebi=mamebi n pl ancestry (Fr)
winare prep adj pre.., preaccessible,pre-ex- winxediT/winxedSi adv by elevation
isting/existent wipwa/wipwis n adj pip
~keramikuli adj aceramic,pre-pottery wirva v n serve,service(s)
~kolonizaciamdeli adj precolonization ~mwuxris/serobis n for ever,vespers
~koloniuri adj precolonising ~Jamis n song of liturgy
~liTonis adj pre-metal using ~samadlobeli thanksgiving ~
~xanebi n preceding period(period after a ~ciskris n Matins
short period),in the wake of… wirvis bolos dalocva v n benedicite/be-
winasityvaoba n foreword, preface nediction
winaswar adv ahead,beforehand,in advance, wirTxli(s) n adj gate post,jamb,stile
presupposedly,previously,provision- ~zeda n lintel
ally,tentatively ~kamara n ~ arch
~ganzraxviT adv deliberately ~karis/fanjris n stud
~ganwyoba n v predispose/predisposition wirwkimali(s)(ix.wkiri) n peg
~mWvreteli n visionary,visionist ~bude n peg-hole
~Sedgenili adj predetermined wisqvili(s)(ix.wisqvilis) n adj mill
winaswari adj precursor,prelude,previous,pro- ~doluri n crushing cylinder
visional,tentative ~saRvariani n mill race
~monaxazi n preliminary/rough outline ~wylis n water-mill
winaswarmetyveleba v n divine/divination, ~xelis n grain-rubber,hand-mill,quern
foretell,predict(ion),prophesy wisqvilis borbali n mill-wheel
~SeiZleba v (sth is) predictable ~Tavara n stud
winaswarmetyveli n divine,divinatory,foreru- ~qva n mill-stone
nner,precursor,predictor,prophet(ess),seer, ~ ~ zeda n runner
visioner ~ ~ qveda n bed stone
winaswarmetyvelurad adv anticipatorily
~Rari n chute,mill-race
winaswarmetyveluri adj anticipatory,pro-
~xvimiri n seeder
phetic
~xvimiris kriWa n phalii
winaswarmWvreteli n visionary/visionist
wifeli/wiflis n adj beech-tree=Fagus
winaRoba n barrier/obstacle against
Silvatica
winaSe adv before,in face of sb/sth
wiwaka n adj pepper, Piper gen. Lat
windauxedaoba n precipitation
~cxare n adj hot/red pepper, Capsicum
windaxedulad adv cautiously,with caution,
annuum Lat.
deliberately wiwviani/wiwvovani adj conifer(ous)(s)
windaxeduleba n caution,have foresight,
~fisi n adj thus
providence,wariness
wiwvnari n adj conifer(s)
windaxeduli adj cautious,prudent,wary
wiwibo(si) n adj beech nut
winda n sock,stocking
wiwibura(si) n adj buckwheat, Fagopurum
windi n gage
esculentum Lat.
winidan adv (from) outside face/front side
wiwmati(s) n adj chenopod=Amaranthaceae,
winkari n hallway,porch,vestibule
Lat. cress=Lapidium Lat.
winmswrebi adj ancestral to,antecedent,fo- wkiri(s) n adj dowel,joint,peg,wooden pin
remost,forerunner,foreshadowing,pre- ~meore detalis fosoSi n tenon
ceding

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~Casma v drive/wedge in ~xvia n adj canning wattle,wreath

wkriali n v ger peal(ing),ring(ing) ~xviara adj rambling wattle
wlebi bolo/dasaruli adj final.waning ye- wodeba n rank(junior/senior), title
ars ~oficris n v commission,estate investi-
~dacemis adj final years ture
~mZime/mSieri adj lean times wodebis miniWeba v ennoble,grace
~Semdgomi adj years afterword ~miReba v assume rank/title
wlebiT ukan adv go back to some years,ye- wre n circle,lock,ring
ars back ~mbrunavi adj lathe-turned circle
wlebis ganmavlobaSi adv over years ~mojadoebuli adj vicious ~
wlebSi adv in years ~oficialuri adj official quarters
bolo ~ in recent years =sazogadoeba n circle
ukanasknel ~ last years ~Sekruli n conjoint ~
wlis(a)mag.20-25 adj adult between/to 20-25 wreta v drain(age)
daaxloebiT 20-25 ~ sb about 20-25 wrexazi n circle,circuit
years old wrToba v steel,temper
wlisTavi(s) n anniversary wriapi n crampon
~aRniSvna v commemorate/mark ~ wriulad adv in circuit/curves
wliuri/wliurad adj adv annual(ly),yearly wriuli adj annular,circular,circumscribed
wmenda v purge wuni n v discard,drawback,refuse,reject
wminda adj divine,Holy,sacred,Saint (ion)(s),waste
~adgili/sivrce n cult(sacred,holy) space wuwuni v n complain(t)
~andrias jvari Saltire wuxili n v grief,grieve,regret,sadden
~marcvlovani adj fine grain wyalamridi/sawreti n drain(age)
~nawilebi n pl usu. (holy) relics ~arxi n Fr. goût
=sufTa adj clean,pure wyalgamtari n water-ditch/pipe
~teqstebi n pl usu. hieratica wyalgamyofi(ix.qedi) adj water-parting/shed
~ufleba n divine right wyalgaumtari(ix.baTqaSi) adj impenetrab-
~facetiani adj fine faceted le,waterproof/tight
~qalaqi n Holy City wyalgayvaniloba(ix.kanalizacia,wyalsa-
=Zvirfasi adj sacred deni) n (water)pipe/supply,drain
~werili Holy Script/Scripture wyaldidoba n water-flood
~werilis ganmarteba v expound wyalvardnili n waterfall,falls(pl usu)
~wylis adj pure,very(eg very Greek) wyalze siaruli v ger walk(ing) on top of
=xalasi adj pure the water
wmindad adv purely,sacredly wyal(n)i n water
wmindaTawminda adj Holy of Holies ~gamdinare n running ~
wmindani n divine,Holy,hypocrite,saint ~ganixvnen v the ~ opened up
mfarveli ~ patron duty/saint ~gruntis n ground/subsoil ~
wmindanoba n sainlines ~macocxlebeli n live-giving ~ = ~ of ife
wneli(s) n adj twig(s),wooden peg ~mlaSe n adj brackish ~
~liTonis n rod ~sasmeli n adj fresh ~
~mownuli adj woven wattle wyalmarCxi adj low-water level,not deep,
~safeni n switch/twig flooring shallow
~tirifis n with wyalmcenare n adj water plant,Dinoflagella-
wnexi n v press(room) ta
~berketiani n lever press ~kaJis Semcveli n adj diatom
~xraxniani n screw ~ wyaloba v n donate/donation,grace,grant,
wnori(s)=tirifi(s) n adj willow mercy
wnuli n adj guilloche,hurde,wattle,wickwork wyalobiT adv by the grace of sb,owed/ow-
~mosawnavi adj wicker ing to sb/sth
RvTis ~ by the grace of God
~cru n adj pseudospiral

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wyalobis CamorTmeva v n deprivate(ion) ~Sevseba v bridge/fill a gap

wyalsatevi/sacavi n dam lake,pond,reservoir =Sualedi n interval
wyalsaqcevi n discharge ~xazi n punctured line
wyalsacavi n dam lake,basin,pond wyvilad adv in couples/pairs
wyalsawreti n catch-water drain(pipe),gutter, wyviladi adj twin
sewer wyvili n adj couple,pair,set
~Sveuli vertical drain ~gamwevi n paired draught
wyalqveSa adj underwater wyliT adv by/with water
wyalSemkrebin basin,catch-water drain,sewer ~gazavebuli adj watwred
wyalwaRebuli adj failure ~gaJRenTili adj saturated with,soak/step
wyal-wyala adj watery (ed)in,waterlogged
wyaro n 1. brook,spring(well); 2.background, ~dafarva v drawn(ing) of sth
(origin,prodenitor; 3. information,source ~momarageba v (water) supply
~damatebiTi n complementary/supplement- wylis adj water
ary source ~gamomSvebi n ~ outlet
~Termuli n thermal spring ~gamtari n ~ pipe
~informaciis information source ~gaumtari adj ~ tight
~literaturuli n literary/literate context ~dagroveba/Sekaveba v retain water
~mTavari n actual/main source of sth ~debiti n abb,flow,debitage
~mineraluri n well ~maZiebeli n ~ diviner
~mTavari n basic headwaters/source ~nakadi n ~ course
~moicavs v harbour ~napiras adv at the water's edge
~nedleulis source of raw material ~saaTi n ~ clock
~saarsebo n subsistance ~sarke n face, ~ teble
=saTave n source ~saqaCi n ~ pump
~sinaTlis light shaft ~sacavi n body of water
~uSreti n everlasting/living ~ ~feria n ~ sprite, witch
~cxoveli n life-spring ~qveSeTi n under ~ kingdom
=warmomavloba n the origins,provenance ~SemSvebi n ~ inlet
~werilobiTi n written record/source ~SroSani n ~ lily
wyarod (moe)dineba v jet spout wylisgan/wyliT narecxi adj water-worn
wyaroebidan qreba v disappear from the re- wyluli(ix.liTonis) n nodule,ulcer
cords wyoba n bond,bricking,course,institution,lay-
wyaroTmcodneoba n source study er,masonry,setting,structure,system
wyeba=rigi n range,row,source,series of… ~aguris n course of bricks,coursed bricking
~oTaxebis n suite of rooms ~ ~ grZeli gverdiT stretcher on edge,
~ubedurebaTa n chapter of accidents edgewise
wyevla n v curse,incantation,impricate/im- ~gadabmulad/gadabmuli bonded ~
prication ~gamTanabrebeli levelling course
~krulvis SeuTvla... v hail curses on/upon ~gani/yira header, in headers
~samaradiso n eternal damnation ~ganivi adj inbod masonry
wyvdiadi n abusm,darkness ~gareT gamoburculi qvebiT=rustiki
~drois (sth lost in)dark abysm of time n v bosse,rusticate(ion)
wyveta n v break,discontinue/discontinuity,gap ~grigala/Tevzifxuri adj herringbone
interrupt(ion),pause bond/work
wyvwtadi adj discrete ~duRabiani n adj masonry
wyvetilad adv intermittently ~isodomuri n adj isodomomos ~
wyvetili(s) n break,discontinuosness,caesu- ~kedlis pirimxris facing,veneer
ra/caesurae (n sing/pl Lat.),chasm,gap, ~lenturi/mozaikuri n Lat. opus vermi-
hiatus,interlude,pause culatum
~iqmneba sth constitutes a gap in sth ~mSrali n adj ashlar technique,dry building/
~ucabedi n sharp break stone masonry,stonework

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~nakveTi/saxiani adj Lat. opus interralise WapniT gadazidva v n cartage

~orTostatuli adj orthotichous ~ Wapnis Rvedi n tag
~piri-pirze adj close-fitting ~ Warbad adv abundantly
~rigebad adv adj coursed/coursing ~ ~gavrcelebuli adj prevalent
~rombuli xveulebiT adj adv reticulated ~dasaxlebuli adj overpopulated
~saxiani opus interralise Warbi adj abundant,affluent,over...prolific,
~socialuri social system too many/much,outnumbering
~uduRabo n adj dry ~ Warbobs v outnumbers,predominates,preva-
~uformo/uxeSi adj random ~ ils,stands out
~qerclisebri adj embricated ~ Warli=alkuni n kingfisher
~qvis n course of stones,stonework Warxali wiTeli n adj beet(root), Beta
~ ~ mSrali dry stone masonry/work vulgaris Lat.
~qvitkiri n course of stones/stonework Wauri n shaft,well
(wall)held together with lime mortar, ~kibis n stair-well
stone and lime wall ~sahaero n air-shaft/vent
~yira in headers ~sinaTlis light well/shaft
~yoruli n quarry stone masonry,rubble WaRara/WaRariT mosili adj hoar
stone wall(ing) ~siZvele hoar antiquity
~ciklopuri adj Cyclopean ~ WaRi n chandelier,luster
~WyorduRabis rubble masonry WaSnagiri n cellarer
wyobis gadawyoba v re-lay the masonry WaWa/WaWis n adj grape husks
~gamagreba v ger bond(ing) Waxraki n screw
~lodebi mWidrod closely joined ashlar Wde(ix.mdaRveli) n hew,incision,mark,notch
blocks Wdeva v incise,impress,mark,stamp
~rigi aguris/qvis n course (of masonry), Wedadi adj ductile,malleable
line,row (of orthostats) Wedadoba n ductility
~Sekvra v bond Wedva v ger beat(ing),hammer(ing),repossage
~Semtkiceba v superimpose and stabilize ~civad v ger cold hammer(ing)
with mud mortar ~cxlad v ger forge(ing)
~Sualeduri rigi course Wedvis teqnika n hammering technique
~teqnika n masonry technique Weduroba(ix.xelovneba) n v copperplate,
~qveda nawili n lower courses engrave,relief work
wyobileba(ix.saxelmwifo) n rule ~pirimxridanv chase,embosse/embossage
wyobili adj coherent ~ukuRmidan v low relief,repossé design/rep-
wyrTa=idayvidan Sua TiTis wveramde) n ossage
adj cubit=0,45cm; ell=1,4 cm Weneba n v gallop
W Weri(s)(ix,koWi) n ceiling
Wa/Wis(ix.owinari) n adj well ~dvutavrebze double T,H or W ceiling=be-
~Tavze rkaliT n arc well am ceiling with spaces between
the beams are bowed
Wabuki n adolescent,youth
~TaRi/rkali ~ arch
Wabukoba n adolescecy
~Sida mxare inner ~
Wabukuri adj adolescent
~svetebze n pillared ~;roof supported by
Wadari/Wadris n adj plane-tree, sycamore
columns
Wadraki(s) n adj chess
WerqveS adv indoors
~dafa n check/chessboard
erT ~ adv under one roof
Wadrakuli(ix.gegmareba) adj chess,chequ-
WeSmaritad! excl. verily!
ered
=namdvilad adv actually,presumably,really,
WanWiki n bolt
truly
Waobi(ani) n adj bog(y),marshe(s),swamp(s)
WeSmariteba n innate truth,maxim,truth,
(y)
~aRiarebuli n truism
Waobianoba n swampy nature of the terrain
~faruli the truth behind
Wapani n tag,tow

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~RvTiuri n God's truth ~Ziri n floor

WeSmariti adj authentic,genuine,sheer,subli- Wriloba/daWra n v wound
me,true,veritable ~Ria adj sore ~
~buneba n intrinsic nature of sth Wrilobis Sexorceba v heal
~fasi n intrinsic value WrilSi adj adv in section
~xelovneba n sublime art WurWeli n container,pottery containe/ves-
WeWketa=mWada soko n adj Lactarius volumes sel,ware
Lat. ~azarfeSa n wine bowl
Wvavi(s) n adj rey, Secale cereale Lat. ~araRrma adj not deep/shallow ware
Wvartli(s) n adj grime ~alabastroni n Gr. alabastron
Wvinti n long sharp tip/toe ~aribalosi=sazeTe ~ n sing/pl Gr. ary-
Wvintiani n shoes with upturned toes balos/arybaloi
Wviruli(ix.Tavi) adj ajour (Fr),claustra,fili- ~badia n tub
gree,sth (in) open-work ~bakoiani adj rimmed
~naqsovi n adj open-work ~barZimi n chalice
~teqnika n filigree technique ~bawrisebri n band-built
Wvreta v contemplate,gaze ~bikonusuri n singular shouldered
Widaoba(ix.brZola) v ger wrestle(ing) ~boTli n bottle,vial
Wikarti n tack ~ ~ brtyeli n flagon
Wilofi(s) n adj mat,matting ~bokali(ix.sirCa) n goblet
~masala matting material ~ ~ ufexo n beaker
WinWari/WinWris n adj Lat. Urtica ~boca(minis) n carboy
Wipi n bellybutton,navel ~brtyelZiriani adj flat based/bottomed
~samyarosi n bellybutton of the Universe container/ware
Wiri=Jamianoba n v plague ~gamoberili n swollen container
=ubedureba n pest,plague ~gamZle n sturdy ~
Wirxli n hoar ~geja qvis n reservoir
Wiquri(s) n adj glaze(ing) ~ ~ xis n wash-tub
WiSkari n gate(way) ~gamoberili adj bulging ware
~pandusiT gate approached by ramp ~gamouwvavi adj unbaked ~
=sazRvari n barrier,outpost ~gamomwvari adj baked ~
Wkua n mind,mentality,nous,wit ~gamoZerwili adj fashioned/pottered ~
Wnavi(s)=circeli(s) n adj prickly ash, ~ ~ raRac formiT ~ fashioned into a
Sorbus Lat. shape of sth
Woni n furrier ~gansabaneli n lavabo basin
Woromi n cataract,rapids ~gverdSezneqili/Cakecili adj concave-
Worfliani adj freckled sided/ogee vessel
WoWonaqi n windlass ~gluvzedapiriani n smooth-faced ware
Wra(ix.tyis) v ger cut(ing) ~gobi n trough
Wrela-Wrula adj patchwork ~gogrisebri adj guard-shaped ware
Wreli adj fancy,florid,morley,manycolored, ~grafini(ix. boTli brtyeli) n flagon
specky,variegated ~dabali adj squat-form ware
Wrili n cut,section ~ ~ xarisxis n drab/monochrome ~
~ganivi n cross section ~dabalmucliani n low-bellied container
~gverdiTi n profile ~ ~dabalyeliani adj low-necked ~
~grZivi n longitudinal ~ ~damrecpiriani n a container with bewelled
~dazianebuli n damaged/intruded ~ rim
~velze=Txrili n trench ~damRiani adj ~ beari(ing/carrying a
~sadazvervo n prospect ~ stamp, ~ with the impression of a stamp
~Sveuli n elevation view ~damxmare n vessel-support (used in kiln)
Wrilis gamoqarva v weathering ~dekoratiuli adj decorative/display ware
~uReli n baulk ~dergi n clay cistern,jar

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~didi zomis adj vessel larger in form/ ~kiafosi n sing/pl Lat. cyathus/cyathi
plump in shape ~kilike n Lat. kylike,kylix
~dora n jar ~kirxsnaris(saduRabe) n sing/pl Lat.
~doqi n jug mortarium/mortarii
~ ~ ukan gadaweuli yeliT n recess ne- ~koka=Cafi n pitcher
cked jar ~kopebiani n knobbed ware
~einoqoa=oinoqoa n ewer,oinochoe/oino- ~kotila(0,273l) n kotylai
choai (n sing/pl Lat) ~koWobi n tumbler
~embazi n font,luter/luteris (Gr. sing/pl) ~koxta adj slender ware
~vaza/larnaki n vase ~krasauli=krasouli n krasobolion Gr.
~ ~ maRalfexiani n high-footed ~ ~krateri n crater
~ ~ qalis mkerdis formis n figure of a ~lambaqi n saucer
bust ~langari(ix.sini) n ashet,dish,platter,tray,
~ ~ sxeulis formis/figuruli n patera/paterae (n sing/pl Lat)
figure~ ~larnaki(ix.vaza) n vase
~vardisfersarCuliani adj pink-lined ~lekoTosi n sing/pl Lat. lecythos/lecythi
ware ~loTonis n metal ware,powter,utensils
~varcli n trough,vat ~liTonisebr naprialebi n metallic ware
~ ~ sabanao n bathtub ~luTeria n sing/pl Gr. luter/luteris
~vedro n bucket,pail,situla/situlae (Lat) ~maTara n (pilgrim) flask,water-bottle
~viwroyeliani adj container with narrow ~maragis Sesanaxi n food vesse,storage
neck,narrow-necked ware bin,store jar
~zeTis(ix.aribalosi,sazeTe) n oil-can ~marani n double/triple pot,kernos/kernoi
~ziarebis n communion cup,pix=pyx (Lat) (n sing/pl Gr)
~ ~ kveris Sesanaxi n pix-keeper ~maRalfexiani adj high-foot(ed)/stemmed=
~ziarWurWeli n communicating vessel pedestalled vessel
~Tavdaxuruli adj lidded ware ~maRalyeliani adj long/straight-necked ~
~Tasi n bowl ~mTeli adj complete/intact ~
~TaRari n jar with straight sedes ~minis adj glass ware=glassware
~TeTrgruntiani white ground ware ~ ~ WurWlis gadasatani n crate for
~TefSi n plate packing glassware
~ ~ gadafriala n platter ~minosuri n depas-shape ware=depas/de-
~ ~ dabalkedliani n shallow plate pata n sing/pl Lat.
~Timiaterioni n sing/pl Gr. thymiate- ~miwaSi Cafluli n container buried up to
rium/thymiateria the shoulders
~Tixis adj earthenware,pottery ~mravalfexa n polypod vessel=cult table
~ ~ naWrebiT nagebi n pottery built with ~mrgvalmucliani round-bodied ware
slabs of clay ~mrgvalZiriani adj round based ~, con-
~Txelkedliani adj shallow/thin walled wa- tainer with rounded underside
re ~msxlis formis adj pear-shaped/pyriform
~kaTxa n bowl,goblet ware
~ ~ yuriani n stainer ~msxlisebr wagrZelebuli adj vessel
~ ~ yuriT da xufiT n trankard oblonged like a pear
~kaklis naWuWisebri adj walnut shell- ~mudmivi cecxlis n flaming urn
shaped ~muqad gamomwvari n dark faces burnished
~kalTebdaqanebuli adj slopingsided ware
ware ~muqi n dark ware
~kasri n vat ~mucliani n fat ~
~kedlis n plaque ~mcire zomis n small ~
~kenWis(yris) Casayreli n sing/pl Lat. ~mZime n heavy-duty ~
situla/situlae ~naprialebi n burnished,polished ware
~keci(mWadis) n sing/pl Lat. scaldino/ ~ ~ Zalian n highly burnished ~
scaldini

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~omfalosi n sing/pl Lat. omphalos/omph- ~sarwyulebeli n trough

alomes
~ormagi adj twin pot
~oryura adj two-handled ware
~patera n sing/pl Lat. patera/paterae
~pelike n pelike
~piTosi n sing/pl Lat. pithos/pithoi
~pina n plate,pan
~pinaki n chalice,mesomphalos,phiala/phia-
la/phialae (n sing/pl Lat.),pinax/pinakes
(n sing/pl Gr)
~pirgadaSlili adj container with bent
out(offset,overturned,outcurving,sloping
out) rim
~pirmoyrili adj ~ with incurved/curved
inwards rim,rail-square rim
~odnav ~ bewelled vessel
~pirSesqelebuli adj ~ with rolled/thicken
ed rim
~piqsida n sing/pl Gr. pyxidis/pyxidas
~ritoni n sing/pl Gr. rhyton/rhyta
~rkalebiT nagebi n coil-built vessel,potte-
ry built with coils
~rodini n grinding bowl,mortar
~rofi n tank, tub, vat
~sada n plain pottery/ware
~sadinariani n hole-mouth pot
~saduRabe n sing/pl Lat. mortarium/morta-
rii
~sadRvebeli n churn,creamery,skimmer
~ ~ kasrisebri,mbrunavi barrel churn
~ ~ sadinari n hole-mouth,tube
~sadResaswaulo adj festive ware
~sazeTe n oil can
~ ~ daCvretilsaxuraviani n flask-
castor,aryballos/aryballoi(n sing/pl Gr)
~sakvebis mosamzadebeli n food-process-
ing ware
~sakrZalavi n interment vessel
~samarile n salt-cellar/holder
~samelne n ink-pot/stand
~sameurneo adj household ware
~samzareulo adj kitchen ~
~samtuCa adj vessel with triple rim.tripod/tri-
poid rimmed ~
~samfexa adj tripod ~
~sanaTlavi(ix.embazi) n font
~sanelsacxeble n sing/pl Lat. balsamar-
ium/balsamarii; epichysis/epichysisis
(n sing/pl Gr); perfume/scent bottle
~saritualo adj ritual vessel
~sartyliani n banded ware
~sarZeve n milk bowl/jug
~sarwyuli(ix.vedro) n bucket,pail
~ ~ minis n carafe,hydria/hydriae (Lat)
~sasakmevle n censer,thurible;btilum/batili
( n sing/pl Lat)
~sasmisi n beaker,drinking vessel,goblet,pa
tera/paterae,situla/situlae(n sing/pl Lat)
~sasmuri n container,drinking cup for wine
~saRebavis n painting utensil
~saRvine n sing/pl Gr. oinochoe/oinochoai
~ ~ minis n carafe,ewer
~sacecxluri(ix.sasakmevle) n censer
~sacremle n sing/pl Lat. lacrimarium/lac-
rimarii
~saZvale n ossuary
~sawveleli(ix.sarZeve) n milking vessel
~sawuri n strainer
~sawyao n measuring vessel,chous/choes
(n sing/pl Gr)
~saxile n fruitstand,pedestalled,slender-
stemmed bowl
~saxuraviani(ix.Tavdaxuruli) n lidded
vessel
~svetisebri n column-shaped ware
~sini(ix.langari) n ashet,tray
~sirCa(ix.bokali) n glass goblet
~sisxlis gamosaSvebi n bleeding cup
~situla n sing/pl Lat. situla/situlae
~skifosi n Gr. skyphoi; scyphus/scyphi
(n sing/pl Lat)
~sokos formis n mashroom-shaped ware
~sura n jar
~ ~ minis n carafe
~ ~ samtuCa n tripoid rimmed jar
~ ~ tuCiT,fexiT,yuriT n ewer
~ ~ ukan gadaweuli yeliT n recessed
necked jar
~ ~ yuriani n jar
~sufris n cover(serving/table) vessel/ ware
~sferulmucliani adj globular ~
~sqelkedliani adj heavy,valled ~
~sworgverdiani n straight-sided ~
~tafa n brazier,frying pan
~ ~ gaTbobisaTvis cecxlis dasanTe-
baT n brazero=brazier
~ ~ ~ gadasatani portable brazier
~tigeli n crucible,melting pot,pool
~tiki n water/wine-skin
~tolCa n mug
~tuCaweuli n vessel with rising spout
~tuCiani n spouted jar
~ubralo n plain pottery/ware

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~uornamento n plain/undecorated ~
~ufexo n foot/stemless ~
~ufskero n bottomless
~uyuro n handleless
~uxeSad naZerwi n offhand/handmade ~,
wares modeled in a slip-shod way
~uxeSi n rough ware
~farTemucliani n broad-bodied/wide-be-
llied ~
~farTepiriani n wide-mouthed ~
~farTeZiriani n container with wide unde-
rside
~ferflis Casayreli (micvalebulis)
n ash/cinerary urn,recipient vessel
~fexiani adj footed/pedestalled ware;
a vessel on a stem
~fiala n chalice,vial,phiala/phialae (Lat)
~fialisebri adj chalice-form ware
~qanTarosi n sing/pl Lat. cantharus/
canthare
~qaSanuris adj gazed pottery/ware
~qvabi n cooking pot,(souce)pan,stew-jar,
stewing pot
~ ~ Tixis/liTonis n casserole
~ ~ patara n sing/pl Lat. patera/paterae
~ ~ saaraye n elembic
~ ~ samfexa 3-4 yuriT n cauldron
~ ~ spilenZis(Sdr.spilenZi) n copper
~qvabqoTana n jug,stewing pot,situla/situlae
n ing/pl (Lat)
~qvevri(s) n clay cistern, jug (buried up to
shoulders into the ground)
~ ~ saxuravi n wooden lid with an air-
hole through it
~qila n pot,trefoil-shaped jug
~ ~ uyuro n jar
~ ~ qusliani n jug
~qoTani n pot
~ ~ sakvebis mosaxarSad n cooking/st-
ewing pot
~ ~ Ramis n urinal
~qoco n jar
~qusliani adj ring-based ware
~quslwvetiani adj container with pointed
underside
~Rvinis n ewer,wine-cup
~ ~ Sesawiri n libation bowl,patera/paterae
(n sing/pl Lat)
~yanwi n horn
~yeliani adj necked ware
~yelmaRali adj long-necked ~
242
~yelwvrili adj narrow/tubular necked
~yuriani adj handled ~
~Savpriala n dark burnished vessel
~Sezneqilgverdiani n concavesided ~
~SezneqilZiriani n concave based vessel,
omphalos
~Sesarevi/Semrevi n mixing ~
~Sesqelebuli n swollen container
~Sida(Wilofis) n inner vessel of mat
~Camosakidi n hanging ware
~Camosasxmeli n vessel for serving
~CamCa n dipper,ladle,situla/situlae ( n sing/pl
Lat)
~Carxze amoyvanili adj vessel thrown on
the wheel
~Cafi(ix.koka) n pitcher
~calyura adj one/single-handled ware
~cecxlSi namyofi adj vessel with fire
traces
~cicxvi(ix.CamCa) n dipper,scoop
~ ~ liTonis(Camosasxmeli) n shank
~Zvirfasi adj fine ware
~Zirbrtyeli adj flat based/bottomed ~
~ZirfarTo adj vessel with wide underside
~ZirSezneqili adj ~ with underside bent
inwards
~Zirwvetiani adj ~ with pointed underside
~wablisferkeciani adj brown-clay ware
~wamlis n sing/pl Lat. urguentarium/ungu-
entarii
~wamwamebis saRebavis(ix.anTimoni;termi-
ni mogvawoda b-nma i.gagoSiZem 2003
w) n cohl tube
~welSi gamoyvanili intersepted
~wernaqiani n slip ware
~wvetiani n pointed ware
~wiboiani n angular body.shoulders
~wminda nawilebis n sing/pl Lat. chrismari-
um/chrismarii, shrine
~ ~ wylis n stoup
~wylis amosaRebi(Widan) n sing/pl Gr.
kados/kadoi
~Wraqi n oil-lamp
~xaxvis formis adj vessel with bulbous
body
~xeliT naZerwi adj hand-made/offhand
ware
~xelada n pitcher
~ ~ samtuCa n triple rimmed ~
~xeliT nagebi n band-built, pottery built
with slabs of clay,coil-built vessel,
pottery built with coils
 სარჩევი
~xonCa(ix.langari,sini) n tray
~xufiani adj lidded
~xrika n ladle/scoop made of goud
~jami n basin/bowl,cupel,patera/paterae Lat
~ ~ didi n pancheon
~ ~ kalTebdaqanebuli adj sloping-
sided ~
~ ~ samsxmelo/Camosaxmeli n pouring
bowl
~ jamis Sida sivrce n bowl
~ ~ ~ fskeri n floor
~jamisebri adj chaliceform
~jamfila n chalice
~xrika n ladle/scoop made of goud
~hidria n bucket,pail,hydria/hydriae
(Lat.sing/pl)
WurWelze mimagrebuli adj n attach(ment)
WurWels aklia(nawili) a certain part/piece
is missing
~gars uvlis v rim
WurWlidan amoReba v n extract/extraction
~dasxma/Camosxma v pour,tip
WurWlis amoyvana v ger pot(tering),stretch/
throw on wheel
~bako=gvirgvini(ix.piri) n lip,rim
~ ~ gadaSlili adj bent-out(flaring,out
turned,splayed) ~
~ ~ ~ zevidan brtyeli adj tabled ledge
~ ~ gadmokecili,swori adj projecting ~
~ ~ ~ Zirs daxrili adj downturned ~
~ ~daZerwilSveriliani adj molded ~
~ ~zeviT akecili adj upturned ~
~ ~mkveTrad gadaSlili adj offset ~
~ ~pirmoyrili adj curved inwards ~
incurved/inverted ~
~ ~sorsoliani adj rolled ~
~ ~sqeli adj thick rim/roll
~ ~swori adj plain rim
~ ~talRovani adj rilled ~
~ ~Sesqelebuli adj thickened ~
~ ~gadakecili/Cacelili adj beveled ~
~ gverdi(ix.muceli,tani)n body wall,side
~ ~ gamozneqili adj convex ~
~ ~ kanelurebiani adj ribbed ~
~ ~ mkveTri wiboTi adj sharply carinated
~ ~ uwiboo adj unribbed ~
~ ~ Sezneqili adj concavesided/ogee~
~ ~ wiboiani adj sharply carinated/ribbed
~gverdis nawili n side piece/section
~zeda nawili n upper part
~zedapirze adv on the exterior
~zedapiri n exterior,surface
243
~ ~ gare n exterior,outer surface
~ ~ gluvi adj smooth ~ ~
~ ~ erTgvarovani adj plain/smooth ~
~ ~ koncentruli xazebiT adj ~ ~
with concentric lines
~ ~ liTonuri bzinvarebiT silvery sh-
een
~ ~ mogluvebuli adj smoothed ~ ~
~ ~ ~ wyliT adj slip,surface-wash(ed)
~ ~ ~ xeliT adj smoothed with wet
hands
~ ~ uswormasworo adj chipped ~ ~
~ ~ uxeSi,xaoiani,xorkliani adj
chipped(coarse/rough) ~ ~
~ ~ xaoian-zoliani adj strained/stri-
ation ~ ~
~zedapiris gazrda gofrirebiT corrug-
gated surface augment
~ ~ damuSaveba v n treat(ment)
~ ~ ~ siTxiT v slip,surface wash
~ ~ mosworeba v smooth(ing),surface
~kalTa(ix.kalTa) n hem, side
~keTeba bawrisebri TixiT v coil method
to build a pot
~keci(ix.Tixa) n clay,fabric
~ ~ minarevebiani adj ~ ~ with dashes
(inclusions,impurities,insertions)
~ ~ kvarcis ~ adj ~ ~ with quartz
~ ~ kiris ~ adj ~ ~ with lime
~ ~ qviSanarevi adj ~ ~ gritty,with sand
~ ~ Carxis kvaliT adj ~ ~ with wheel-
marks
~kopi(ix.kopi) n dot,knot,wart
~muceli=tani(ix.gverdi) n body
~ ~ bikonusuri adj biconical ~
~ ~ gamoberili adj bulging ~
~ ~ kvercxisebri adj egg-like ~
~ ~ konusuri adj conical ~
~ ~ msxlisebr wagrZelebuli adj ~
oblonged like a pair
~ ~ msxlisebri adj pear-shaped/puri-
form~
~ ~ sferuli adj globular ~
~ ~ swori adj straight ~
~ ~ swrafad gafarToebuli adj abru-
ptly/sharply widening ~
~ ~ farTovdeba v ~ widens
~ ~ Seberili adj swollen ~
~ ~ Zirisken swrafad Seviwrovebuli
adj ~ narrowing abruptly to the body
~ ~ wiboiani adj carinated ~
~mxari(ix.mxari) n shoulder

~ ~ ganieri adj wide ~
~ ~ daqanebuli adj sloping ~
~ ~ mkveTrad ~ adj sharply ~
~ ~ odnav ~ adj gently ~ ~
~mxrisa da gverdis nawili n shoulder
and body piece/section
~moxatuloba(ix.ornamenti) n adornment,
decoration,ornamentation
~namtvrevebi n junk, shred(s)
~pir-gverdi n rim and side piece/section
~piri(ix.bako) n lip,mouth,rim
~ ~ gadaSlili adj everted(flaring,spla-
yed) ~ ~
~ ~ gadmokecili adj outturned(overlap-
ping turned out) ~
~ ~ dakbiluli adj notched/serrated ~
~ ~ damreci adj beveled rim
~ ~ zevidan brtyeli adj flat ~
~ ~ lilvakiT/sorsoliT adj mouth
with roller
~ ~ moyrili curved inwards/inward curv-
ved rim
~ ~ niskartisebri/aweuli beaked=rising
spout
~ ~ sayvirisebri adj trumpet-shaped ~
~ ~ farTovdeba v mouth flears out
~ ~ ~ boloSi v ~ widens at the end
~ ~ ~ TavSi v flares out at the top
~ ~ ~ SuaSi v widens at the middle
~ ~ Sesqelebuli adj thickened
~piris qvemoT adv just below the rim
~raime nawili n section
~sadgami n pedestal,stem
~sadinari/sawuri n hole for pouring,pi-
erced tube
~sartyeli n band,cordon,girth
~sarCuli n inside,line(ing)
~saxeluri(ix.yuri) n attachment,handle
~ ~ burTula n knob.lug
~ ~ gadakvanZuli n double handle
~ ~ gauxvretavi n handle without ring
~ ~ grexili n double-twisted loop,
twisted handle
~ ~ zeaRmarTuli n high-swang ~
~ ~ Tokisebri(ix.grexili) n rope ~
~ ~ kalaTisebri n basket ~
~ ~ kopiT Tavze n ~ with a wart
~ ~ lenturi n strap-like ~
~ ~ maryuJisebri n loop ~
~ ~ milisebri Tarazuli n cannon-
shaped ~
~ ~ mrgvalganivkveTiani n furrowed ~
სარჩევი
~ ~ mucelze n belly-handle(d)
~ ~ rgoluri n ring handle
~ ~ ~ samnawiliani n tripartite ~
~ ~ sacereTi Tavze n ~ with thumb rest
~ ~ scildeba pirs zemoT ~ reaches
over the mouth/rim
~ ~ tuCsa da mxarze ~ from shoulder to lip
~ ~ ukan Cabrunebuli n recurved ~
~ ~ firfitiT da SveriliT with hand-
le plate and spur
~ ~ yulfisebri n loop handle
~ ~ Sverili n ledge/projecting ~
~ ~ Sveriliani n spur
~ ~ Sverilisebri n lug
~ ~ cru n false handle, lug
~saxeluris mimagreba v attach,fit
~ ~ mimagrebis xerxi n method/way of
fitting on…
~ ~ msgavsi adj handlelike
~ ~ narCeni n remain/trace of…
~saxuravi/xufi n lid
~sipriale n burnish
~tani=muceli n body
~tevadoba n capacity
~tuCi n lip,rim
~fexi n base,foot,pedestal,stem
~ ~ gadabrunebuli n turned foot
~ ~ gaSlili n spreading ring ~
~ ~ maRali n tall foot/stem
~ ~ mrgvali n ring-shaped base/foot
~ ~ naZerwi/figuruli n molded ~
~ ~ rgoluri n ring ~
~ ~ qusliani n ring base(d) ~
~ ~ Sveriliani projecting ~
~fexis da tanis nawili n foot and bo-
dy/cup section
~ ~ zeda rkali n fillet
~fskeri(ix.Ziri) bottom,floor
~qoba n rim
~qusli n ring base
~ ~ aweuli n raised ring
~ ~ naxevarwriuli friziT n outer
face/torus
~ ~ orsafexuriani n lower member in
two
~ ~ tuCiani n concave moulding/lipped
~ ~ Sezneqili n concave moulding/mold-
ing
~ ~ Signi SeWrili n recessed bottom
~quslis baliSi n cushioned underside
~ ~ zeda nawili/yeli n upper member,
lip
244
 სარჩევი

~ ~ sayrdeni n resting surface erced handle

~ ~ ~ Rariani n grooved ~ ~ ~yuris narCeni n stamp (iof the handle)
~ ~ Raris qveda nawili n lower mem- ~Sekowiweba=aRdgena v ger n gum(ing),
ber with scraped groove restore/restoration
~ ~ Sida sicariele-konusi n cone ~SemorCenili nawili n (p)reserved
~ ~ ~ Rru n concave underside/cen- part/section
tral nipple ~Sidapirze adv on the interior/inside
~ ~ CaWrili zoli n scraped groove ~Sidapiri n inner (sur)face,interior
~yeli n neck(ing) ~Sua nawili n middle part
~ ~ gamouyofeli n non-separate ~ ~cxviri n spout
~ ~ ganieri n wide ~ ~Zir-gverdi n bottom and side piece/
~ ~ dabali n short ~ section
~ ~ maRali n long ~ ~Ziri(ix.fskeri) n bottom,floor,resting
~ ~ farTovdeba v ~ widens,widening ~ surface
~ ~ cilindruli n cylindric ~ ~ ~ garedan n underside
~ ~ Zabrisebri n funnel-like ~ ~ ~ ~ brtyeli n flat ~
~ ~ wvrili n narrow/tubular ~ ~ ~ ~ gamoburculi n protruding ~
~yelisa da piris nawili neck and rim ~ ~ ~ Sezneqili n bent inwards ~
piece/section ~ ~ ~ qusliani n ring-based ~
~ ~ ~ tanis ~ neck and body ~ ~ ~wveti n point
~yuri(ix.saxeluri) n attachment,hand ~ wibo n arris
grip/hold,handle ~xazebad gamowva v streak-burnish
~ ~ brtyeli n flat handle ~xufi n lid
~ ~ grexili yulfi n twisted loop ~ WuWrutana n peephole
~ ~ dakbiluli n spurred ~ WuWyi(ix.feri) n dirth,drab,filth
~ ~ dekoratiuli n ornamental ~ ~Camjdari n grim
~ ~ zeaweuli n upswung ~ WuWyiani adj dirty,untidy
~ ~ ~ maryuJisebri n high loop ~ Wyleta(gaWyleta,daWyleta) v squeeze
~ ~ Tasmisebri/lenturi n strap-like ~ WyorduRabi(s)(ix.wyoba) n adj quarry
~ ~ irmis rqisebri n antler ~ stone/rubble masonry
~ ~ kalaTisebri n basket ~ x
~ ~ lentisebri n strap-like ~ xadumi n maid of honour
~ ~ lentisebri SuaSi RariT n ~ ~ xavsebi(mcenare) n Sphagnum,sphagos/
with a chute sphagi (Lat.sing/pl)
~ ~ ~ ~ wiboTi n ~ ~ with an arris xavsi(ani) n adj moss(y)
along it xazgasma(ix.xazi) v n accentuate(ion),high-
~ ~ maryuJisebri n loop ~
light,mark,(over)emphasize,stress,underline
~ ~ milisebri Tarazuli n canon- xazgasmuli adj accentuated,emphasized,
shaped ~ delineated,stressed,underlined
~ ~ orluliani n double-barreled ~ xazva v n lune drawing
~ ~ ormagi n double-loop ~ xazze dawyoba v form a line,(in the) line
~ ~ ~ grexili n double-twisted loop ~ xazi n line
~ ~ pirsa da mxarze n handle linking rim ~gadabmis ~ juncture
and shoulder ~gamyofi adj clear/deviding ~(between)
~ ~ rqebiani n horned ~
~gverdiTi adj sideline
~ ~ rqisebri,uxeSi n boast horned ~
~zusti adj exact ~
~ ~ sakidi n ~ for hanging up=hang-
~kacis adj male ~
ing up handle
~mTavari n mainstreem
~ ~ ~ rgolebi n pl carrying/holding
~mokle n dash
rings
=nakeri n joint (line)
~ ~ Sverili n ledge,lug,handle
~naWdevi n incised ~
~ ~ Sveulad gaxvretili n vertically pi-
=rigi n range of…

245
 სარჩევი

~talRisebri n rippled ~ ~niaRvari n stream of people

~texili adj broken line ~Sefareba v harbour
~qalis adj female ~ xalxisgan daclili adj depopulated,de-
~SeerTebis n tie ~ vastated
~wyvetili punctured ~ xalxuri(ix.xelovneba) adj folk
xazina n fisc, fiscus/fisci (Lat.sing/pl) xamanwka n oyster
~saturnis taZarSi n sing/pl Lat. aerari- xami adj hard,rigid
um/aerarii ~tilo(si) n adj unbleached textile
xazis gavleba v line xamli n sing/pl Lat. sandalion/sandalia
~gasma(ix.xazgasma) v emphasize,stress xana n age,era,period
xazovaneba n liniarity ~adre(uli) adj early
xazovani adj lined,liniar,ruled ~ ~ samiwaTmoqmedo adj early agrarian/fa-
xazSi adv in stroke rming,pre-agricultural
xalaTi n robe ~ufro adreuli adj earlier
xalasi(ix.wminda) adj native,pure,virgin ~antikuramdeli adj Preantique=pre-
xalifa n calip=kalip Antique
xaliCa n carpet ~antikuri adj Antique (in Antiquity)
~mfrinavi n magic carpet ~areulobis adj troubled/unrest times
xalxebis Sereva v demic diffusion ~arqauli adj Archaic
xalxTa adj demic ~aRzevebis adj have one‟ heyday,period of
~gadasaxleba v n re-settle(ment) greatness
~didi ~ n folk movement ~aRmavlobis adj ~ of height
xalxi n folk,general population,men,people ~aRorZinebis adj Renaissance, revival
~avtoritetuli n authority/authrities times
~bareli n pl lowlanders ~aRmSeneblobis adj revival times
~bevri/uamravi n scores of people ~ayvavebis adj period/time of flourish/pros-
~daumorCilebeli n unruly people per(ity)
~erTad Sekrebili n assembled ~batonobis adj period/times of domina-
=eri n nation tion/supremacy
~bneli adj Dark Ages
=wvrili eri n common people,mob,peo-
~brinjao-rkinis adj Bronze-Iron Period
ple of humble birth,plebs/plebes
~meomari n warlike people ~brinjaosi adj Bronze Age/Period=AB
~mesaqonle n cattle breeder(s)/men ~adre ~ adj Early Bronze ~ ~ =EB
mTeli ~ the entire ~ ~gviani ~ adj Late ~ ~ ~ =LB
~miwaTmoqmedi n farming ~ ~Sua ~ adj Middle ~ ~ ~ =MB
~msajuli n People's court ~gadasvlis adj period of transition/tran-
~narevi/Sereuli adj admixtured ~ sitional ~
~gamococxlebis adj nourishing/reviving~
pirveli ~ n proto-folk
~gardamaval(i) adj transitional ~; in tran-
=fena n strata
sition
~yvelaze meti n populous sacral strata
~ ~ xanis mdumareba n passing nod
~Zveli n the Ancients
~gardaqmnis adj transformational era
xalxiT gaWedili adj teeming with people
~gafurCqvnis n plentitude of one‟s power
xalxis(ix.RvTis) gadayvana v convey
~geometriuli adj Geometric
~gabneva n v dispersal,disperse
~gviandeli/gviani adj late(in date),Late
~gadaadgileba/moZraoba v n move(ment)
Ages
transhumance/transhumant ~ adre ~ adj early mid…
~gadayvana v human porterage,pass over
~ Sua ~ adj middle late
~gawyveta v depredate/depredation
~gviani adj later,subsequent
~grova/jgufi n collection of people
~daisi/dasasrulis adj climax,decline/
~erToba n commune,community
declining days,end,finish,fall
~masa n populace ~dacemis adj climax,down,wane
~mozidva v attract people

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 სარჩევი

~didebis adj hours of greatness under sb, ~Sua(ix.Sua) adj middle

greatest days,period of greatness ~ ~ xanebi n mid ages/years
~dinastiuri adj Dynastic ~carculi adj Cretaceous
~eladuri adj Helladic ~cvlilebebis n adj transformational era
~elinisturi adj Hellenistic ~Zveli adj anciency,Ancient,early
~eneoliTuri adj Eneolithic ~wina(re) pref pre…
~zeobis adj heyday=hey day,period of xanamde adv prior to N age
greatness,in one‟s peak/height of reign, xanas wvdeba v span(ing) the period from N
flourish to N
~klasikuri adj Classic xanaSi adv in the age of.., at the time of…
~mezoliTis adj Mesolithic ~da Semdgom adv from/in N age/period
~momdevno adj following,succeeding,subse- and onwards
quent Znelbedobis ~ adv in troubled times
~musties adj Mousterian xangamZleoba n the lengths of…
~myinvaruli adj Ice Age xangrZliv(ad) adv continuously, for a long
~neoliTis(ix.tyis) adj Neolithic time,long held/lasting
~paleoliTi n adj Palaeolithic xangrZliv arsebuli adv (too) long lived
~adre/qveda ~ n adj Early/Lower ~ ~damkvidrebuli adj long established
~gviani/zeda ~ n adj Late/Upper ~=Epipa- xangrZlivi adj continuing/continuous,durab-
laeolithic le,lasting,long duration(standing,term),
~ ~ musties varianti adj Clactonian prolonged,protracted,sustained
~zeda ~ adj Upper ~ ~rituali n protracted ritual
~qveda ~ adj Lower ~ ~sicocxle n lifespan of many centuries/
~Sua ~ adj Middle ~ years,longevity
~pirvelobis adj days of one's prime ~tradicia n agelong tradition
~plioceni n adj Pliocene xangrZlivoba n continuation,continuity,dura-
~plio-pleistocenin adj Plio-Pleistocene tion,durability,length of time,longivity,
~raindobis Age of chivalry time scale/span
~rkinis adj Iron Age/Period= IA=IP ~ramis n etend of sth
~ ~adre ~ adj Early Iron Period= EIA=EIP xandazmuli adj aged
~ ~gviani ~ adj Late Iron Period= LIA=LIP xanebamde adv until long ago
~ ~ farTo aTvisebis adj a fully iron- xanebi(ix.xana) n pl usu. ages
working=Full Iron Age=established iron- gviani ~ later age(s)/year(s)
working Sua ~ mid ages
~spilenZ-brinjaosi adj Copper-Bronze ~ gviani ~ mid ages/years
period Sua xanebis Semdeg after the middle
~spilenZ-qvis adj Copper-Stone ~ of N cent/mill
~spilenZis adj Copper ~ xanebSi adv at N times, in ages
~uadresi adj earliest ~ bolo ~ adv in recent years
~udamwerlobo adj Prehistory xanidan(ix.uxsovar) adv from time…
~ukeramiko=meTuneobamdeli=winarekera- xanis adj of N age/period
mikuli adj Prepottery period ~bolo(s)adv (at) the end of period/closing
~uliTono adj Premetal ~ stage,tail end of the period
~feodaluri(ix.Sua saukuneebi) adj ~ganmavlobaSi adv over the period
Feudal ~gviani ~ adj (of) later in date
~qalkoliTis adj Chalcolithic ~ ~dadgoma v advance/advent (of certain
~qvis adj Stone~ time),arrive/arrival,onset of N period/
~qristianobamdeli=winareqristianuli time
Prechristian=pre-Christian ~ ~dadgomisas with the advent/onset of…
~qristianuli adj Christian ~ ~dasawyisi n by the beginning of N age
~SedarebiT mogviano adj later,subsequ- ~wyvetili n gap,nod(ing),passing nod
ent xanmokle adj brief,ephemeral,short lived/term

247
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not long lasting,succinct(ly) ~mZime adj heavy tribute

~gamoCena v n fleeting appearance ~Semosvla v pour in ~
xanmokleoba n short-live(d) xaro(ix.ormo,xafangi) n hole,pit
xans aklebs(ix.aaxalgazrdavebs) v post- ~beRelSi n casemate
dates,makes sth younger ~ marcvleulis n granary
~matebs(ix.aZvelebs) v antedates,makes ~ormoSi marcvleulis n casemate
sth older xar-uremi(ix.uremi) n bullock cart,oxcart
ukanasknel ~ adv lately,recently xarSebmuli adj ox-drawn
xanSi Sesuli adj elderly xarjze vinmesi/ramisa adv on the expence
mokle ~ in short order of sb/sth,owing to…
xanZari n conflagration,(wild)fire xasa n concubine
xanZarma daasrula v ended in fire xasiaTi n character,feature,nature
xanZarSi dawva v go up in flames ~gansxvavebuli n of different character
xao n pile ~uwyveti n sustained nature
xaoiani adj harsh,gritty xatva(ix.freska) v ger paint(ing)
xaraCo n brace,scaffold,strut ~fanqriT v ger draw(ing)
xarbi(ix.sixarbe) adj greedy xati(ix.jvari) n icon
~Zarcva n rapacious plunder ~gamosasvenebeli n Processional Icon
xareba(bibl) n the Annunciation ~karedi n hinged ~
xarvezi(ix.wyvetili) n damage,defect ~samsxverplos ukan n altar piece
xari n bull,ox ~xelTuqmneli n the Saviour not made
~dakodili n bullock by hands,the Shroud,imprint on towel,
~zodiaqosi n Taurus Ceramyon
~uReli n yokes-team xatis Tayvaniscema n ger icon-honouri(ing)
~ frTosani n bull-bird ~moWediloba n cope,icon frame-work/
xaris(a) adj ox's, bovine setting
~Tavi n ox-head ~omfori n riza
~ ~ qandakeba n sing/pl Lat. bucranium/ xatisuReli(ix.gvergvi) n coil(pendant),
bucrane collar,neck-ring
~rqa/rqis n adj oxhorn xatmebrZoli n iconoclast
~tyavi(s) n adj bovid,oxhide xatmweri n icon-painter
~cxviris rgoli n cattle-leader,nose-ring xatwera n icon-painting
xarisfaSva(si)(soko) n adj morel xatovaneba n picturesquessness
xarisxedi n stepped podium/podia (Lat. xatovani adj ideographic,pictographic,pictu-
sing/pl) resque
xarisxi n degree,level,merits,quality,rate, xatwera v n icon-paint(ing)
sort,standard,value xafangi(ix.xaro) n v spring,trap
~dabali/mdare adj inferior/low quality xaxa n jaws,mouth
~maRali adj high-quality(rate,standard) xaxadaRebuli adj (with) jaws wide open
~samecniero n university degree xdeba(ix.TariRdeba,TariRi) v sth is con-
~umaRlesi adj sth of top quality ducted,between..,sth takes place..,hap-
~cvalebadi adj varying degree pens…
~cudi adj inferior quality xe n tree,wood
xarisxiani adj good quality/standard,high gr- ~buCqi n shrub
ade ~dagrexili n bentwood
xarisxiT... adv in some degree ~dapobili split wood
xarisxis gauareseba v ageing,drop of stan- ~eklebiani thorn tree
dard ~maRali adj high-trunk tree
xarisxobrivi adj one of degree,qualitative ~napobi=dapobili split wood
xarki(s) n adj impost,toll,tribute ~nuJrebiani knot-hole(d)
~dadeba v tribute to… ~tye(ix.xis masala) n adj timber
~dakisreba v exact,impose, tribute is led… ~ ~ samSeneblo n adj hardwod

248
 სარჩევი
~wiTeli=uTxovari n adj mahagony=
Sweitenia mahagony
~wminda n the Holy Tree
xedva n look,opinion,view,vision
xedviTi adj visual
xedvis simkveTre n ~ clarity
xedi n elevation,outlook,raised plan,scenery,
view(s)
~aerofotoTi n singlr view
~aqsonometriuli adj axonometric ~
~gabatonebuli adj commanding position
~gaswvrivi Wrilis adj cross sectional ~
~geometriuli flat projection
~gverdiTi adj side-on rendering
~grZivi adj longitudinal ~
~zevidan=zedxedi adj plan/top ~
~izometriuli flat projection
~msxvili planiT adj close ~
~nagebobis adj elevation ~
~nawilibrivi Wrilis adj cut-away ~
~perspeqtivaSi adj perspective ~
~sami meoTxedi adj three-quarter ~
~sarkismieri adj opposite hand ~
~ukana adj back elevation/sight
~uknidan adj dorsal/rear ~
~qvevidan adj bottom ~
~Sveuli Wrili/proeqcia adj elevation ~
~STambeWdavi imposing sight
~Sida adj inside ~
~winxedi/frontaluri adj front(al) ~
~WrilSi adj sectional ~
xevi(ix.xeoba) n gully
xeze(ix.amowva,naxati) adv over wood,on
the tree
~gadakruli liToni n beaten bronze/
gold
~gasuli mcenare n arboreal vegetation
~kveTa n wood curving
xeibari adj physically disable
xelapyrobili adj hand lifted up to God
xelaxla adv anew,newly,re-,repeatedly
~ageba/aSeneba v re-build/construct
~aRmoCena v rediscover
~gadakeTeba/mowyoba v n rearrange(ment
~gadamuSaveba naSromis v re-cast/make
~gadanawileba n re-allotment
~gaTxra v n re-excavate(ion)
~gamoyeneba v recycle,re-use,resurrect
~gamoCena v n reappear(ance),reoccure/re-
occurrance
~ganawileba v n redistribute(ion),re-divide/
division
249
~gaxsna v ger re-open(ing)
~daarseba v n refound(ation),re-invent
~dabadeba n re-birth
~dakrZalva v re-bury
~damkvidreba/mowyoba v adj n re-estab-
lish(ed)(ment)
~dasaxleba/dapyroba v n reoccupy/reoc-
cupation,resettle(ment)
~daxatva(moxatva,SeRebva) v repaint
~qorwineba v n remarry/remarriage
~Semkoba v n redecorate(ion)
~SemoReba ramis v n reintroduce/reintrod-
uction
~Seswavla v re-examine(ation)
~Seqmna v reinvent(ion)
~warmoeba v n reproduce/reproduction
~xseneba repeated mention/reference
xelborkili n handcuffs,wristlet
xeldasma v impose,ordain
xelebaweuli adj sb with hands raised,outst-
retch above head
xelebgaSverili adj outstretched hands
xelebCamoSvebuliadj arms hanging at sides
xeleuri n sheaf
xeleCo n axe
xelT adv available,hold(in hand),have got,
at the hands of sb,sth in one‟s custody
~upyria clatch(grasp,hold)(ing)
~ ~ teritoria eg. Georgia-held
~ ~ Zalaufleba v power lay in the han-
ds of sb
xelTaa(vinmesi) in one‟s custody
xelTaTmani n mitten
~TiTebiani n glove
xeli=mtevani(ix.SiSveli) n hand
~ar migviwvdeba sth is not available
~gauwafavi adj inexpertly (done),unskilled,
unskilful
~gawafuli adj dab hand
~TiTebmoxrili adj clenched ~
oqros ~ adj skilful fingers
xelidan gaSveba v miss(a chance)
xeliT nakeTebi adj handmade
~Sroma manual work
~wvdoma v grasp
xelis gawvdenaze adv closer at hand
~Txova v ask hand in marriage,offer of ma-
rriage,propose/proposal
~miwvdena v access,reach
~mowera v affix,endorse,put one's signa-
ture,sign,subscribe
~rgoli n bangle
 სარჩევი

~Sevleba v touch xelmokleoba n penury

~SemSleli adj hampering,hindering,ham- xelmosakidi n boss,grasping,knob
pering,hindering,preventive,baffling/ xelmowera(ix.xelrTva) v n sign,signature
complicating factor,impeding xelmoweriT... adj signed by sb
~SeSla n v disadvantage,hamper,handicap, ~da beWdiT adj signed and sealed
hinder,preclude,prevent,prohibit,thwart, xelmwife n emperor,sovereign
be at pains to thwart xelmwifeba n autocracy,imperialty,reign
~Sewyoba v n assist(ance),promote(ion), xelmwifebrivi adj kingly,regal,stately
support,stimulate,fuel,contribute xelmwifoba n v reign
~ ~ ganviTarebis v foster xelnakeTi adj handmade,handicraft,handi-
~ ~ ramiT v prompt work manuals (n pl)
~ ~ =daCqareba v precipitate xelnaweri(ix.xelwera) n draught(BrE),draft
~ ~ raRac mimarTulebiT n propel sb (AmE), hard copy,(manu)script
towards… ~gaurkveveli adj illegible
~ Cavleba v grasp,hold,thrust ~TeTri n fair copy
~CamorTmeva v shake/sieze hands ~Savi n rough ~
~Casavlebi n attachment for grasping,aid xelnaweris gamravleba v mamfold
hafting,hand grasping ~Semkoba(ferebSi) v n illuminate(ion)
xelisguli n palm xelnawerSi adv in draft
xelismomkide n best man xelnaxlebi adj damaged,disturbed
~patarZlis n braidsmaid,maid of honour xeloba n craft(of sth),skill,trade
xelisufali n authority,lord ~daxvewa ger mastering
xelisufleba n authorize/authority,power(s), ~daxvewili adj (sth made in) highest skill
rule xelobiT... adv (shoemaker) by trade
~damkanonebeli adj validating authority
xelovaneba n arts and crafts,artistry,craft,fa-
~saero adj temporal power
cility,prowess,proficiency,human inge-
~umaRlesi adj supremacy nuity,skill,workmanship
~Canasaxovani adj fledging authority xelovneba n (fine)art(s),the arts field
xelisufalni n pl the powers that be… ~gamoyenebiTi adj applied/decorative arts
xelisuflebaSi mosvla v come to power ~ganzrax Seqmnili n deliberately contrived
~mosvlis pretenzia n claim to authority hybrid art
~yofna v be in power ~Tanamedrove adj contemporary art
xelisuflebidan CamoSoreba v remove sb ~keTebis/qmnis n skill
from power ~mdabiuri adj plebeian/popular art
xelisuflebis gadavardna(ix.floba,xel- ~modernizmi n modernity
Si) v extinguish ~monumenturi n monumental art
~damxoba/Camogdeba v breakdown,collapse ~mcire plastika n minor art
extinguish,overthrow,topple ~omis n art of warfare
~morCileba n allegiance,be loyal(ty)
~oficialuri n official art
~morCili adj be in sb's power/under po-
~plastikuri adj plastic arts
wer,be loyal
~sabrZolo adj martial ~
~niSani/simbolo n emblem of power,
~saeklesio adj ecclesiastical ~
insignia(pl usu),symbol (of authori-
ty),staff ~saero adj secular art
~sajdomi n seat of power ~samSeneblo adj architecture,civil engine-
~qveS adv under sb's power/a rule ering
~ ~ gaerTianeba n unify under a rule ~sanaxaobrivi n visual art
~xelSi Cagdeba v sieze power ~saxviTi adj pictorial arts
xelmeored(ix.xelaxla) adv once again ~ferwera n decorative arts
~cxenosnobis n horsemanship
xelmisawvdomi adj accessible,attainable,
~Weduri adj relief work
avaiable,readily,preaccessible,tangible
xelmisawvdomoba n accessibility,availability ~WeSmariti adj sublime art
xelmiuwvdomeli adj unavailable ~xalxuri n folk art

250
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~xelovnebisaTvis Art for Art's sake ~samedicino n instrument

xelovnebaTmcodne n art critic,master of ~sameuneo n implement
arts ~saprialebeli n burnisher,polisher
xelovnebaTmcodneoba n art criticism ~saWiro n requisite tool
xelovnebis gaCena/Casaxva v (a)rise (of art) ~sxva xelsawyos gasakeTebeli n medi-
~istoria n history of art dium for tool technology
~istoriuli buneba n art-historical nature ~ufro mZime saqmisTvis n heavy-duty tool
of sth xelsawyoze xmarebis kvali n notched to-
~mimdinaeoba n artistic school ol,signs of wear
~mcire nimuSi n mobiliary xelsawyos mkeTebeli/ostati n toolmaker
~nimuSTa aralegaluri bazari n cland- ~xmareba n tool
estine art market ~xmarebis kvali n tool mark(s)
~ ~ warmoeba n artistic production xeluxlebeli(ix.uZravi) adj complete,int-
~nawarmoebi/nimuSi n art object/work,mast- act,underspoiled,undisturbed,untouch-
earpiece,object/work of art ed,virginal, sth in the native state,unto-
~skola n school of arts uchable
~stili n art-style xelyofa v n deprive,encroach(ment)
~taZari n shrine of arts xelSekruleba n agreement,contract,conven
~forma n art form,mode of art tion,pact
xelovnuri adj artificial,not natural ~samSvidobo n treaty
xelovnuroba n artificiality ~Sesworebuli adj amended
xelosanTa uxucesi n Gr. ergasteriarchos xelSekrulebis dadeba v bond
xelosani n artisan,craftsman ~dacva/Sesruleba v n observe/observation
~damRa n craftsman's mark xelSeuvali adj kept,preserved,untouch-
~xalxi n craftspeople able
xelosnebi n craftspeople ~samuzeumo faseulobani n pl usu.
= xalxi n artisanship inalienable museum values
xelosnoba=xeloba n artisanship,crafts xelSeuxebeli adj (the) untouchable(s)
xelosnobis kulti n mastery cult xelSubi(ix.Subi) n lance,javeline
~nawarmi n craft product(s)/production, xelSubispiri(ix.Subispiri) n lancehesd
craft item xelculi(ix.culi) n handaxe/stone
~nimuSi n masterpiece of craftsmanship xelwera(ix.xelnaweri) n handwriting
~niWi n craft skill ~gaurkveveli adj indecipherable ~
xelosnuri saqmianoba n craft activity xeoba(ix.mdinaris,xevi) n basin,gorge,pass,
~warmoeba n craft industry/production ravine
xelrTva v n sign(ature) xeobis yeli(ix.gza) n notch
xelsafqvavi n grainrubber,handmill xergili n obstacle
~qvis n quern xerTvisi n confluence,influx
xelsaqme n (handi)crafts(embroidery,knitting xerxemali(ix.Zvali) n back-bone,spinal
sewing) column,vertebra/vertebrae (n sing/pl Lat)
xelsayreli adj apt,auspicious,convenient, ~mkerdis nawili n breast part
condictive,desirable,favourable ~welis nawili n lumbar ~
xelsayreloba n desirebility xerxva v ger saw(ing)
xelsawyo(ebi) n machine(s),tool(s) xerxi n saw,means(method,way)of practice,
~gamsworebeli n straightener technique
~damxmare n facilities ~damagrebis(zevidan) n method of haft-
~damWeri n holder ing/mounting on
~Tixis dasamzadebeli n clay modeling = manera,meTodi,saSualeba n method/
tool way of solution
~iaraRis damzadeba v tool working ~SeerTebis n jointing method,juncture
~ mzomi n gauge xerxkbila(si)(mc) n adj Screnata Lat.
~ramis dasamzadebeli n processing tool xetiali v potter(ing) about,roam,wander at
random

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xe-tye/tyis n adj lumber, timber ~TaRi/Tvali n ~ arch

~avejis/samSeneblo n adj hardwood ~mala n span
~dacureba v n drift ~savali nawili n stringer,superstructure
xvadi n adj male ~ube n bay
xvavi(ix.simdidre) v n heap xiT SeWedili adj timbered,wooden-cored
xvarTqla(si)(balaxi) n adj convonvulus xiTxuro=durgali n carpenter
xvedri(ix.wili) n destiny,doom,fate,fortune, xiTxurooba=durgloba n carpentry
the lot of sb xili(s) n adj fruit
xveva v ger curl(twine,twit,wind)(ing) ~baRi n orchard
xveta v ger sweep(ing) ~gaTla v peel
xveulebi n pl scrolls ~kunwula swag of fruit
xveuli n curl,curve,ringlet,rolling,scroll ximinji(ix.saxli,xidi) n stake, pila/pilae
adj curlicue,curvilinear (n sing/pl Lat)
=grexili adj winding,wreathen ~wyalSi n pile
=daxveuli adj enwinded,twisted,winding xis adj of wood,timber,wood(en)
~Tma n curley(curled,twisted,waved) hair ~boZi/sveti n pillar
~kibe n wrought staircase ~burbuSela n pl usu. shavings
~niJaris n wreath ~damuSaveba n carpentry,woodworking
~oTxmagi n quadruple spiral ~zrdis rgolebi n annular/growth rings
~ ~ firfita ~ plaque ~Tla v ger trim(ing)
~ornamenti/samkauli adj torque ~kveri=CaquCi n mallet,punch
xvewi n racloir,scraper ~korZi n knot hole
xvia n cartouche,curlicue,helix/helices(n sing/ ~kunZi/mori n log
pl Lat),roll,scroll,spiral,tendril,torque, ~ ~ fesvebiT n tree-stump
rolling,volute,whorl ~lursmani n wooden pin
~zanuri/zenuri n double curl(scroll,vol- ~masala n adj timber
ute),running spiral ~moWra v ger fall(ing)
~naxevari n half spiral/volute ~nakeTobani n carpentry,woodwork
~ormagxvia n double ~ ~ ~narCeni nivTSi n stump
~foTlovani n leafy tendril ~nawili rbilobsa da naqurTens Soris
xviara adj creeping n adj heart wood
~mcenare n clinging/creeping plant ~naxSiri(s) n adj charcoal
xvinWa/xvinWis n adj grit,pebbles ~nuJri n knob,hob
xvinWanarevi(ix.Tixa) adj pebble-dash ~reliefi n wooden relief
xvirTqli(s)(minerali) n adj meerschaum ~rkali n treering
xvna(ix.naxnavi) v n cultivate/cultivation,till ~safeni n planking/timber flooring
~naxnavi tiled field ~sveti(ix.saxli) n pillar
xvreli n aperture,breach,hole,hollow,perfor- ~tani n stock,trunk
ation,vent ~tari n butt
~amovseba v insert ~taxti n tresle-bed
~mZarcvelis robber-trench ~tyavi=qerqi n adj rind
xvreta v ger bore(drill,hole,prick)(ing) ~cikli n annual growth cycle
xidi n bridge ~Ziri n stem
~asawevi n draw/hoist ~ ~wliuri rkali n girdle
~bondis/dakidebuli n suspension ~ ~xuroTmoZRvreba n wooden architecture
~gadasakidi bogiri n foot-bridge, xisti adj hard
gang-way xifTani n short robe
~TaRisebri/morkaluli n hogged ~ xiSti n bayonet
~ZelebiT gakeTebuli n stringer ~ xiwvi n splinter
~ximinjebze n pier ~ xleba v n accompany,attend(ance)
xidis burji/sveti n pier,pile xma(ix.RvTis) n v sound,voice
~gadeba v bridge ~bani dabali n Ital. baritone

252
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~ ~ maRali n Ital. bass xorcsavse adj ample body

~gadamwyveti adj casting/deciding vote xorcSesxma v n embody(ment),incarnate/in-
~gamyivani n Ital. tenor carnation
~dvrini n Ital. bass profundo=profondo xorcSesxmuli adj embodied,incarnated
~diskanti n Ital. treble xotba n eulogy,motto,praise
~zili n Ital. contralto xotbis Sesxma v n libate/libation,praise
~krini n Ital. soprano xocva-Jleta n v butchery,massacre,slaugh-
~moguduli hollow sound ter
xmali n saber,sword xowi n adz
~gorda n single bladed sword xoWo(romelic anadgurebs nivTebs miwa-
~sisxliT gausvreli n maiden ~ Si) n wireworm
xmara/xmareba v n employ/employment,use xrami n gully
~grZeldeba v be in use,continues in use, =naRvarevi n silt,torrent
persists xreSi(s) n adj chad,gravel,grit,pebble
~saxelis/sityvis arasworadn misnomer xrova n pack
~farTo v widespread use xrtili n cartilage,tendon
xmarebaSi darCena v persists xrtilovani adj cartilaginous
~Semosvla come in(to) use xseneba v cite,(make a) mention/reference
xmarebidan amoReba/gamosuli v adj out- ~araa v there is no reference there to sth
mode(d),obsolete,sth ceased to be used, ~xelaxla v repeated mention/reference
drop/go out of use, xsenebis gareSe v without reference to sth
xmarebis kvali n sign(s) of use/work xsenebul iyavn... prayed for him/her
~xangrZlivi n have long be used xsenebuli adj cited, mentioned
xmeleTi n earth xsna n v boon,deliver sb from sth,rescue sb
xmeleTiT(ix.zRviT) adv valley communic- from sth, salve/salvation
ation routs xsnari(s) n adj mixture,mortar,plaster
xmeleTis adj terrestrial ~alizis/Tixis n adj clay mortar
xniT adv for(long,short) time/period of time ~Tixis clay mortar
~adre adv long before ~Txeli n adj watery ~
xnis(a) adj …old (eg. decades-old) ~kiris/kirxsnari n adj lime ~
Sua ~ middle age(d) ~samSeneblo n adj grout,mortar
xnuli n farrow ~sqeli n adj hard mortar
xonCa n tray ~Semkvreli n adj bind(cement,connect)
xoragi n viants,victuals necting) ~
xorbali/xorblis(ix.TavTuxi,jejili) n ~Sesalesi=baTqaSi n staff
adj club wheat,Triticum (Lat) ~hidravlikuri n adj hydraulic grout=
~magarin adj flint/ hard wheat,Triticum durum opus signinum (Lat),water mortar
~mdare n adj Lat. Triticum vulgare vill xsnariT galesva v plaster,smear
~orTesliani/ormarcvala n adj emmer, ~Semtkicebuli adj held together with mo-
Triticum Schubl/tugidum dicoccoides rtar,cemented with..,reinforced by sth,
~puris n adj bread wheat,Triticum sp. stabilize with sth,superimpose and sta-
~rbili n adj soft wheat=einkorn,Triticum bilize with mud mortar
cum aestivum/monococum (Lat) xsnaris gamagreba v ger harden(ing)
~Rivi(s) n adj germ xsnili n break of the fast=breakfast
xorbliT vaWroba v corn/grain trade xsnilis bolo dRe n last day before fast
xorklebiani adj bumpy xsovna n memory/memories
xorklianoba n scaliness ~da ar daviwyeba (as) a tribute to the me-
xorci(s) n adj flash, meat mory of (the) dead
xorcieldeba... is underway to do sth xsovnisadmi miZRvnili eg.tribute concert
xorcieli adj carnal desire/pleasure xsomeba v bear in mind
~garyvna/wabilwva n v carnality,carnal- xuTTavi n Pentateuch
ize,carnalization xuTSabaTi(iupiterisa,afrodite) n

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Thursday ~ brigada n brigade

didi ~ Moundy Thursday ~ garnizoni n garrison
xuTkuTxa adj pentagonal ~daqiravebuli/moqiravne adj auxiliary/
xuTkuTxedi n pentagon hired army,mercenary
xundi n stock ~divizia n battalion
xurda(ix.fuli,qva) n change ~korpusi n pl only corpses
xuroTmoZRvreba(ix.saeklesio,samxedro) ~msubuqi cxenosani light horse cavalry
n architecture ~polki n regiment
~saero n civil ~ ~saxmeleTo n ground forces
xuroTmoZRvruli adj architectural ~spiloebze n elephantry
~aJuruli/Wviruli n tracery ~qveiTi n sing/pl infantryman/men
xurtkmeli(s) n adj gooseberry (bush) ~cxenosani n cavalry
xurxumi(s)(mcenare) n adj Salsola nodulusa ~ ~ da fexosani horse and foot army
xurjini n saddle/shoulder bag ~Zlieri n formidable
xufi n cover,lid jaridan daTxova v release from service
xucesi n priest jaris ganlageba v n distribute/distribution
xuWuWi adj curly,scroll ~gaSla v n develop(ment),deploy(ment)
xSuli adj tight(y) ~dabanakeba v n garrison,station
j ~Tavmoyra v mass an army
jagarayrili/aSlili adj disheveled ~kaci n soldier,warrior
jagari n bristles ~ ~ ajanyebuli nawilidan n guerrilla
jagnari n shrubbery,bush,young forest ~saTaveSi sb set out at the head of army
jagrcxila/rcxilis n adj (wood of) ~ukandaxeva v draw back
hornbeam tree=Carpinus orientalis ~Sekreba v master an army
jado n charms,magic(no pl),wizardry ~Semowyoba v enclose,siege,surround
~gakeTeba v bedevil ~Seqmna v set up
~sityva magic word ~Cayeneba v n station
jadoTi Sekvra v exorcise=exorcize,spell jarima/dajarimeba n v penalty,penalize
jadosnoba=jadoqroba v junx,sorcery, jarSi gawveva v n recruit(ment)
witchcraft,wizardry ~samsaxuri v n serve,service
jadosnuri=jadoqruli adj magic jafara n jay
jadoqari n magician,warlock,wizard jayva n penknife
~qali n witch jaSuSad gadabireba v n recruit(ment)
javari(ani) n adj waviness,wavy jaSuSi/jaSuSoba n v ger spy(ing)
javSani(ix.abjari) n armour,cuirass jaWvze dakideba v hang by chains
~kibosi n crust jaWvi(s) n adj chain
~kusi n shell ~perangi n coat of chainmail,cuirass,mail,
~qvis n stone shell shirt of mail hauberk
javSnosani mxedari n cuirassier ~perangiani adj sb mailed
jalaTi n executioner ~rgoli n link
~sikvdilmisjilis n executor jgufad adv in group,grouped,claster in
janjafili(s) n adj ginger, Zingiber office- groups,cluster of sth/around sth
nale Lat. jgufi n body,collection,group,team
jara n spinning wheel ~sagnebis/Senobebis n cluster of…
~eqimi n water-caster ~ucxo n outlier group
jargvali n reed-lined adoby,log cabin ~Semswavleli n study group
jarTi(s) n adj scrap iron ~ZiriTadi n core ~
jari n army,military,troops jgufurad adv in clastered composition
~aqlemebze n camelry jgufuri adj clastered
~batalioni n battalion jdeba(ix.TariRi) v falls(is placed,lies)
~ batalionis nawili n company within the confines,embed,fit in sth
~saerTo suraTSi fit into picture

254
 სარჩევი

jebiri(ix.mdinaris) n dam,dike=dyke,weir aranthus gen. Lat

jejili n pl usu. corn-shoots jogi n drove,herd
jvalo(si) n adj sackcloth jori n hinny,mule
jvaredi n cross joriskuda(si)=SviTi(s) n adj horse-tail=
~gulisebri n heart-shped ~ mare's tail
jvaredinad adv crosswise,crucially joristerfa(si) n adj coltsfoot
~Sekruli adj cross-hafted joxi n stick,staff
jvaredini adj cross,crusial jojgina n brace,strut
~damowmeba literaturis v cross-refe- jojoxeTi(s) n adj hell,inferno,Hell
rence ~zRurbli/karibWe n limbo
jvarze gakvra=jvarcma v n crucify,crucu- jojoxeTuri adj hellish
fixion jojoxeTSi STavardna v burn in Hell,the
jvarTamaRleba n the Ascenssion,Exaltat- Harrowing to Hell
ion of the Cross jurRmuli n (confine in) dungeon
jvari(ix.xati) n Cross juRa(ix.wida) n clinker,slag
~bolnuris msgavsi n Maltian/Maltese ~; juja n squat
pattee h
~gamosasvenebeli n Processional ~
haergamwmendi xvreli n air-shaft/vent
~mkerdsakidi n breast/pectoral ~
haerze gamoSroba/gamomSrali v adj air-
~ormagi n the Diesis
dry(dried)
~sawinamZRvro n Distinguished Service=
haeri(s) n adj air
=Processional ~
~buSti(liTonSi,minaSi) n bubble,blister
=svastika n swastika pelta
~gamWvirvaloba n serenity
~cxovelmyofeli n the Life-Giving ~
~SekumSva v trap
~wminda andriasi n Saltire
haerovani adj ethereal,flimsy,insubstantial
~wminda=egvipturi=sicocxlis simbolo
haerovneba n ethereality
n Ankh-Ankh
jvarosani n crusader haersadeni n blast
= mcenare n sing/pl Lat. adj Crucifera/ hava n climate
Cruciferae ~zomieri adj temperate ~
jvarosnuli laSqroba n crusade ~mSrali adj arid
~msvleloba n procession ~naxevrdmSrali adj semiarid
jvridan gardamoxsna v descent from the ~naleqiani/wvimiani adj pluvial
Cross deposit/deposition ~nestiani/notion adj humid,moist,sodden,
jvriT dalocva v n sain(liness) wet
~jvris gamosaxva v touch Cross with ~rbili adj mild
the image of Cross ~civi adj cold ~
jvris mklavi n transept ~cxeli adj hot ~
~tani n stem,trunk haramxana n harem
jvrisebri=jvaruliadj cross-like,cruciform harmonia(Si) n (in) harmony
jvriswera n wedding ceremony harmoniulad adj harmoniously
jidao(ix.caluReli) n withers yoke harmoniuli adj harmonious
jildo/dajildoeba n v award,reward haji(adamiani) n Hadji
~omSi gamarjvebisa n decoration,trophy ~meqaSi n hadj
jiqi n ounce,snow leopard hegemoni n hegemon
jiRa n crown hematiti(s) n adj haematite=hematite
jiSi(s) n breed, species(pl.usu),pedigree hemitetartemorioni(moneta) n sing/pl
~adgilobrivi n home grown hemitetartemorion/hemitetartemorioni Lat
~gamoyvana v breed,nurture heptarqia n heptarchy
jiSiani adj high/pure bred heraldi n herald
jixvi n Caucasian goat,ibex/ibices Lat. heraldika n blazonry,heraldics
jijilaya/jijilayis n adj amaranth=Am- heraldikuri adj heraldic

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herma(hermesis Tavi) n sing/pl Lat. herma/ kuTvnilebiTi saxelebi

hermae
hermafroditi n adj hermaphrodite
herodeze sastiki adj out- Herod
a
herodesaviT sastiki n Herodean aaron Aaron
hercogi(ix.Tavadi) n Duke abazgi Abazgio (Gr), Abazgi (Lat)
hetera n hetaira abazgeTi Abazgia
heqsametri n hexameter abdalonimus Abdalonymus
heqtari n hectare=ha abe (apolonis orakuli) Abae
hibridi/hibriduli n adj hybrid abel bibl. Abel
hidravlikuri(ix.xsnari) adj hydraulic abesalom bibl. Absalom
hilza n case abia bibl. Abijah
(h)ili(s) n adj cardamon abigail=abigeil bibl. Abigail
himationi n himation abimeil bibl. Abimmail
himnebis wigni n hymnal abisinia=eTiopia bibl. Abyssinia
himni n chant,hymn abiud bibl. Abiud
~saeklesio n gradual abraam bibl. Abram=Abraham
~saxelmwifo n anthem abu zimbel Abu Simbel
hipetraluri adj hypaetral agaTarqide Agatharchides
hipoTeza(ix.samuSao) n sing/pl Lat. agaTia sqolastikosi Agathias Scholasti-
hypothesis/hypotheses,speculation cos
~gamoTqma v hypothesize agaTokle Agathocles
hipoTeturad adv hypothetically,tentatively agaTon Agathon
hipoTeturi adj hypothetic,tentative agamemnon Agamemnon
hipostili/hipostiluri n adj hypostyle agariste Agariste
holistikuri adj holistic agia triada Hagia Trias-Ados=(H)agia
holokosti(ix.yvelafris dawvis wesi) Triadha
n Holocaust agrikola Agricola
homogenuroba n homogeneity agripa Agrippa
hopliti n sing/pl Lat. hoplete/hoplitai agripina Agrippina
horeliefi n high relief ada bibl. Adah
horizontaluri=Tarazuli adj horizon- adad bibl. Admah; Adad=Addu
tal,level (warmarTuli)
horizonti n horizon adadnirari Adadnirari
~zeda n surface adam bibl. Adam
~ samSenebli/sacxovrebeli n level, adonis Adonis (adonic)
phase adrian (H)adrian
~qveda n subsurface adriane Adrian=Hadrian(us)
humanitaruli adj humanitarian adrianes vila Villa Adriana
~dargebi n scholarship adrianipolis Adrianople=Adrianopolis
~dargebis mecnieri n scholar adriatikis zRva Adriatic Sea=Issa
humanuri adj humane ae=aia Aea
humanuroba n humanity aecius=ecius Aetius
huni n Hun avan bibl. Javan
avgias Tavla Aegean Stables
avguste=avgustus Augustus
avgustine (netari) Augustinus Sanctus=St
avenariusi Avenarius
aviane Avianus
avinioni Avignion
avitus Avitus
avicena/avicene Avicenna=Ibn Sina

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avreliane=aureliane Aurelian alkmeniande Alkmaeonidae

avreliusi Aurelius al mina Al-Mina
avrora Aurora altamira Altamira
avstralopiteki Australopitekos alJiri Algeria
avRaneTi Afganistan amazaspi Amazaspus
azerbaijaneli Azeri amaTefelni bibl. Hemathite
azia Asia amani Amman
~mcire Asia Minor amastrisi Aastris
azo Azo ambrozi Ambrose
azovi Azov ambrozia Ambrosiae
azor Azor ambrozio kontrini Ambrozio Contrini
aTanadore Athanadorus ambrosi=ambrozius Ambrosius
aTanadore rodoseli Athanadorus of ambrosi milaneli Ambrose of Milan
Rhodes amiane marcelini Ammianus Marcellinus
aTanase aleqsandrieli Athanasius of aminadab Amminadab
Alexandria amirani=promeTe Prometheus
aTena Athena amon bibl. Amon
aTena palada Athena Pallas ados=Pallados amonios saka Ammonios Sakkas
aTena prTenonis Athena Parthenos amonios hermia Ammonios Hermias
aTeneli/aTenuri Athenian amoniusi Ammonius
aTeneumi Atheneum amorgos Amorgos
aTeni Athnae=Athens amoreveli Amorean=Amorite
aTonis iverTa monasteri Hagion Oros amos Amos
aTonis mTa Mount Athos amuki Amuq
aTqalaqi Decapolis amuru Amurry
ai Ai amfipolis Amphipolis
ai-eT Tel Ai-Et Tell amfitus(i) Amphitus
ai xanum Aï Khanoum ana bibl. Hanna(h)
aia triada Ayia=Hayia Triadha anabazisi Anabasis
aieti Aeetes=Aietes anakofia Anakopia
akvila Aquila anakreon(i) Anacreon
akvilea Aquileia anakreonti Anacreont
akvil(us) mani(us) Aquilius Manius anastasi(os) Anastasios
akvinkum(i) Aquincum anastasi(us) Anastasios=Anastasius
akvitania Aquitania anatolia Anatole; Anatolia (Gr);
akraga Acragas Anadolu (Turk)
akusile argoseli Akusilaos of Argos anaqsagora/anaqsagore Anaxagoras
alalaxi=alalahi Alala(k)h anaqsimandre Anaximander
alamani Alamanni anaqsimene Anaximenes
alan(eb)i Alan(i) anahita Anahita
alaja huiuki Alaça Hüyük/Höyük angelosebis dinastia Angeloi
alah(i) Al-lah angicia Angitia
albinus=alsinus Albinus=Alcinous angora=Ankara Angora=Ankara
alepo Alep(po)=Haleb andaluzia Andalusia
aleqsandre didi/makedoneli Alexander andoside Andocides
the Great=Alexander of Macedon andreas grifiusi Andreas Gryphius
aleqsandre severosi Alexander Severus andria kreteli Andreas of Kresios
aleqsandria Alexandria andria pirvelwodebuli Andrew the Pillar
aleqsi bibl. Alexios=Alexius Apostle
aliSar huiuki Alishar Höyük andrias (wm) jvari Saltire
alkamene Alkamenes andromaqe Andromachus
alkibiade Alcibiades andromeda Andromeda=Andromede

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andonike kiroseli Andronicus of Cyrrus apuliis Puglia

andrinike rodoseli Andronicus of Rhodes apiane Appian
anTemius AAnthemius apiis gza Appia(n) Way (Eng); Via Appia
anTeos/anteos Antheus=Antaios (Lat)
anTimoz iverieli Antim Iverianul arabuli qveynebi Middle East
ani(si) Ani(s) aragvi Aragus=Aragvi
aniTa/anita Anitta aradelni Arvadite
anisete Anicetus aram(i) Aram=Ram
ankus marcius Ancus Marcius arameuli Aramaic
anona Annona arganTonius(i) Arganthonius
anJu Anjou argonavti Argonaut
anselm(i) bibl. Anselm argonavtika Argonautica
antigon gonaTa Antigonus Gonatas argos(i) Argos=Argus
antigon calTvala Antigonus One-Eyed ardaSir(i) Ardashir
antigone Antigone ares Ares
antimaqe/antimaqos Antimachus arete Aretas
antinoe Antinous arzrumi Erzurum
antipolis(i) Antipolis ariadne Ariadne
antiope Antiope ariadnes gorgali Ariadne‟s clew
antioqia Antioch(eia) ariane Arrian
antioqe/antioqos Antiochus ariane flavius Arrianus Flavius
antioqos askaloneli Antiochus of Asca- arianeloba/arianizmi Arianism
lon aristagore Aristagoras
antitavros(i) Anti-Toros/Taurus aristarq(os) Aristarchus
antifane Antiphanes aristarq kolxeli Aristarchus of Colchian
anton(i) bibl. Antony aristarq samoTrakieli Aristarchus of
antonia Antonia Samothrace
antoninianTa dinastia Antonine aristarq samoseli Aristarchus of Samos
antoninianus Antoninianus aristeqmos Aristaechmus
antonius(i) Antony aristide Aristides
antonius lucius(i) Antonius Lucius aristobol(i) Aristobolus
antonius markus(i) Antonius Marcus=Mark aristokle Aristocles
Antony aristomaqe Aristomachus
antonius pius(i) Antonius Pius ariston qioseli Ariston of Chios
antoniusis kedeli Antonine Wall=Wall of aristotele Aristotle
Antoninus aristotelianoba Aristotelianism
anqialos Anchialus aristofane Aristophanes
apolinarius(i) Apollinarius aristoqsene Aristoxenus
apolodor damaskeli Apollodorus of Da- arkadia Arcadia
mascus arkadius(i) Arcadius
apolon(ios) rodoseli Apollonius of armagedon(i) bibl. Armageddon
Rhodes/Apolonii Rhodii armazcixe Harmozika
apolon Hhegemoni Apollo Hegemon arran bibl. Haron
apolonia Apollonia arsen iyalToeli Arsen of Ikalto
apolonis(a) Apollinaris arsesilos Arcesilaus
apolonis dResaswaulebi Apollinares arsesilos sineli Arcesilaus Cyrene
apolonis taZari Apollinare arsinea Arsineous
apolonius Apollonius arsinoe Arsinoe=Arsinoë
apoqsimene Apoxymenes arslanTefe Arslantepe
apuleus(i) Apuleius artaban Artabanus
apuleus seqstus(i) Apuleius Sextus artavaz(idebi) Artavasd(es)
apulia Apulia artaqse Artaxes

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artaqserqse Artaxerxes aqevelTa/aqeveli Achaean

artaqsia Artaxias aqemenidi Achaemenide
artemida/artemide Artemis aqemeniduri Achaemenian
artemidore efeseli Artemidorus of aqilevsi Achilles
Ephesus aqilevsis qusli Achiles tendon
artoke Artoces aqiles Achillas
arukeveli bibl. Artike aqim bibl. Achim
arfaqsad Arphaxad aqolis/axolis Akholis
arqanjelo lamberti Archangelo Lamberti aRaTi Agatha
arqeme Archemus aRa-mahmad-xani Aga-Mohammad-Khan
arqeopolisi=noqalaqevi=cixe-goji aSeli(s)/aSeluri Acheul(ian)
Archaeopolis aSkenazi/asqanazi Ashkenaz
arqileos Archelaus axaCCarku Akhachcharku
arqiloqe/arqiloqos Archilochus axiava hhijavā=Ahhiuwa
arqimede sirakuzeli Archumedes of Syra- axlamu Ahlamu
cuse axul-abaa Akhul-Abaa
arSak(i) Arsaces ahuramazda Ahuramazda
arSakidi Arsacid
asa Asa
b
asarmoT bibl. HHazarmavet baal(i) Baal
asizi/asisi Assisi/Asisium baalbek(i) Baalbek
asineveli bibl. Sinite babilon(i) bibl. Babylon; Babel (ebr)
asiria/asureTi Assyria babilonis godoli Babel tower
asklepiade samoseli Asclepiades of babilobis oromtriali Babel
Samos babiSka Babyshka
asklepion(i) Asclepion balbinusi da pupienusi Balbinus and Pu-
asklepios(i) Asclepios=Asclepius pienus
asos(i) Assos=Assus balTazar(i) Balthasar=Balthazar
aspasia Aspasia balkaneTi(s) n-k Balkan Peninsula
asparuk Aspsuroukhis/Asparuces barbale bibl. Barbara
asur/aSur(i) Assur barTlome bibl. Bartholomew
asqanaz=aSkenaz(i) Ashkenaz bari Bari
ataulfi Athaulf barnaba bibl. Barnabas=Barnaby
atika Attica baroko Baroque
atikeli/atikuri Attic barqai Barqai
atila Attila basil(i) bibl. Basil(ios)
atlanta Atlanta basili kesarieli Basil of Caesarea
atlanti Atlant=Atlas basili sofoneli Basil from/of Sofene
atlasis mTebi Atlas Mountains basili zarzmeli Basil of Zarzma
atrevsi Atreus baski Basque
atropatena Atropatene basra Basra
aurelius/avrelius Aurelius baqkanalia Bacchanalia
afrodizia Aphrodisias baqki (kaci/qali) bacchant(e)
afrodite Aphrodite baqtria Bactria
afrodite knideli A(p)rodite of Cnidos baRdadi Bag(h)dad
afsarosi=afsarunti=gonio/md.Woroxi(?) baxus(i) Bacchus
AApsarus=Apsarunt beTeli bibl. Beth-el=Bethel
afsirte Apsyrtos=Asyrtus beTlemi bibl. Bethlehem
afSil(eb)i Apsilae/apsilii beiruTi Beiruth
aqadi bibl. Accad=Akkad beijesulTani Beyçesultan
aqaz Ahaz belvedere Belvedere
aqea Achea belujistani Beluchistan

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beniamin(i) bibl. Benjamin samxreTi Cisalpina

benediqt bibl. Benedict=Benedikt Crdilo Transalpina
beotia Boeotia galilea Galilee
berberi Berber (person/people) galileveli Galilean
berezani Berezan galus Gallus
berZeni/berZnuli Graeco-Greco; Greek gamalieli Gamaliel
(Br.E) gamocxadeba bibl. Revelation (the)
biblosi Byblos ganimede Ganymedes
biTinia Bithynia gebar bibl. Obal
bizantia Bizantium=Byzantine gediqli-Turq Gedikli-Turk
bizantioni Byzantium geTa/geta Geta
bikenti Vincent gelasi kesarieli Gelasius of Caesarea
bil el-quT(i) Bil El-Qutt genua Genoa=Genua
birafaraxi Biraparakh geoTefe/gioTefe/goiTefe Gëitepe
biuiuk giuluCek Büyük Gülüçek georg(i) George
biSapuri Bishapur gergesevelni bibl. Gergasite
biWvinTa(biWvinta/pitiunti) gerar bibl. Gerar
Pityuntis=Pitys germania Germania
boa (dedofali) Boa germanikus Germanicus
bolduin(i) Baldwin gibeon Gibeon
bolonia Bologn gibraltaris srute the Straits of Gibraltar
boniface Boniface gienos(oCamCire)(sTan) Gyenus
boos Boaz ginozar(i) Ginozar
borea Boreas giozluyule Gözlü Kule
borisTene Borysthenes giorgi kedrene Georgius Cedrenus
boskoreali Boscoreale giorgi pasimere Georgius Pohymeres
bosfori (yirimis) Bosphorus (Crimean) gioqsis veli Göksy Valley
boRazyoi Bogazkoy giuldenStadt iohan anton Güldenstaedt
brindizi Brindisi(um) Johan Anton
brindiziumi (Teatri) Brindisiumi glicerius Glycerius
brutus(i) Brutus gneus Gnaeus=Gn
buda Buddah gog(i) Gog
bukoliki/bukolikuri Bucolici goTi Goth
bucefali Bucephalus golan(i) Golan
g golgoTa Calvary=Golgotha
gabla Gabla gomora Gom(m)orah
gabriel bibl. Gabrielle gonzaga Gonsaga
gai(us) Gaius gonio AApsarus/Gonio/Gonyo
gaius iulius Gaius Julius gorgipia Gorgippia
gaius iulius sivilis Gaius Julius Civilis gorgona (meduza) Gorgo (medusa)
gaius kaligula Gaius Caligula gordia Gordias
gaius keisari Gaius Caesar gordias kvanZi Gordian knot
gaius helvius cina Gaius Helvius Cinna gordia(ne) Gordian
galaTea Galat(h)ea godion(i) Gordion
galaTia Galatia gotarze Gotarzes
gale/gali(kibeles qurumi) Gallae gra(k)xus Gracchus
galenus Gallienus gracian(e)(i) Gratian
galerius Galerius grigol Gregorius=Gregory
gali(adamiani) Gall grigol nazianzeli Gregory of Nazianzus
galia Gallia grigol saswaulmoqmedi (?) Gregorius
narbonis Narbonensis=Narbonne (ho) Thaumaturgos
grigol sinaiti Gregorius Sinaites

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guadixu Guad-vkhu diodore sikulus Diodorus Siculus

gubaz Gobazes diodore sicilieli Diodorus of Sicillia
gurgen Gourgenes diodote Diodotes
d diokletiane Diocletian=Heathen
daviT David diokletiane gaius avrelius valer(us)
daTan bibl. Dedan Diocletian Gaius Aurelius Valerius
diomide Diomides
dakia Dacia
dion Dion
dalmacia Dalmatia
dio(n) kasius Dio Cassius
dalmacius Dalmatius
dionise Dionisios=Dionysius=Dionysus
damasko Damascus
dionise aleqsandrieli Doinisius of Alex-
danae/danaia Danaë
andria
danaelebi Danaoi
dionise areopageli Dionisios of Areopagi-
danaidebi Danaides
tes
daniel mesvete Daniel the Stylite dionise mileTeli Dionisius of Miletus
dante aligieri Dante Alighieri dionise periegete Dionisios (ho) Periegates
dardanelis srute/helesponti
dionise sirakuzeli Dionisius of Syracuse
Hellespont
dionise halikarnaseli Dionisius of Halica-
darialis kari Dariel=Daryal pass
nassus
darios Darius
dionisiebi Dionysia
darius Dareus=Darios
dioskurebi DDioscoriades=Dioscurias
dase bibl. Rasen
dioskuri Dioscuri(ados)
dafne Daphne
dioskuria/cxumi/soxumi Dioscuria(s)
dafnisi Daphnis
diofante Diophantos
debora bibl. Deborah
diubua de monpere Dubius de Montpereux
dedalosi Daedalus
dodamin Dodamin
dedalusi(Zv. berZnul xelovnebaSi)
dodona/dodone Dodona=Dodone
Daedalic
doloqocefal(ur)i Dolochocephale
deklaÁDiklah
doliqokrani Dolochocranium
delos Delos
doloqokranuli Dolichocrania
delfos Delphi
domicia(n)(e) Domitia(n)
demetra Demeter
domicila Domitilla
demetrius Demetrios=Demetrius
domicila aleqsandre Domitolla
demikrite Demokritus
Alexander
demosTene Demosthenes
domicius Domitius
decibalos Decebalus
domicius ulpiane Domitius Ulpian(us)
decius Decius
dorielebi Dorieis
diadumenianus Diadumenianus
dorieli Dorian
diana Diana
doriuli Doric
diarbaqiri Diyarbakir
dorofore polikliteli Doryphorus of
didima Didyma
Polyclitus
didius iuliane Didius Julianus doroTea bibl. Dorothea
dio kok(c)ianus Doi Cocceianus dorra bibl. Hadoram
diogene Diogenes dosiTeos Dositheus
diogene apoloneli Diogenes of Apollonia druzus/drusus Drusus
diogene laert(el)i Diogenes Laertus druid(izm)i Druid(ism)
diogene sinopeli Diogenes Sinopeus drusila Drusilla
diogene cinikosi Diogenes the Cynic duka/dukebi Dukas/Dukai
diogenes kasri Diogenis praetorium dunai Danube
diodore Diodorus dura evropos Dura Europos
diodore kronosi Diodorus Cronus duumviri Duumviri
diodore pasfaros Diodorus Pasparos

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e el-akaba El-akaba
ea Ea el-mina El Mina
eber Eber el obeidi El Obaid
ebinezer Ebenezer el faoum El Faium
ebraelTa salocavi Tabernacle el jem(i) El Djem
ebraeli/ebrauli Hebrew/Jew(ish) elagabalos Elagabalus
egeosis zRva Aegean=Icarian Sea elalam/alim bibl. Elam
egeoseli/egeosuri Aegean elam(i) (qveyana) Elam
egevsi Aegeus=Aigeus elene bibl. Ellen=Helen
egina Aegina elene mSvenieri Helen of Troy
egnate Egnatius elefTer(i) Elutherae
egvipte/egvipteli/egvipturi Egypt(ian) eleqtra Electra
edesa Edessa elia Elea=Elia
eva bibl. Eva=Eve elia/ilia bibl. Eljas=Elijah
evagrius ponteli (?) Evagrius Ponticus eliazar bibl. Eleazar=Eleazer
evbea Euboea eliakim bibl. Eliakim
evbulide mileTeli Eubulides of Miletes elini Hellen
evgeni bibl. Eugene elinizacia Hellenize(ation)
evgeni(us)(i) Eugenius elinizebuli Hellenezed=/hellinized
evdeme rodoseli Eudemos of Rhodes elinizmi Hellenism
eveli bibl. Hivite elinisturi Hellenistic
evTidemos Euthydemus elinuri Hellenic=Hellenistic
evklide Eucleides=Euclid elisa/elise bibl. Elisha
evmene pergameli Evmenes of Pergamum elisabed bibl. Elisabeth=Elizabeth
evpatridebi Eupatrides eliu bibl. Elihu
evridike Euridice eliud bibl. Eliud
evripide Euripides elius Aelius
evropa (kontinenti) Europe elmodad bibl. Elmodad
evrope Europa emanuil(i) bibl. Emmanuel=Immanuel
evstaTe/evstaTi Esthatius ematiimelni bibl. Anamim
evstaTi Tesalonikeli Eusebius of emilia bibl. Aemilia
Thessalonica emelian bibl. Aemilian
evstaTi/evsevi kesarieli Eusebius of emilius paulius makedoneli Aemilius
Caesarea Paulius Macedonicus
evstaTi makrombolite Eustathius of empedokle akrageli Empedocles of Acra-
Macrembelites gas
evstaTi mcxeTeli Eustathius of Mtskheta endimioni Endymien
evterpe Euterpe enea(s) Aeneas
evtropius Eutropius eneos(i) Oeneus
evfronios(i) Euphronios enlil(i) Enlil
evfranori Euphranor enos Enos
evfrati Euphratus enoq/enuq bibl. Enoch
ezekia/ezikia bibl. Hezekiah eolia Aeoli(s)/Aeolia
ezikieli bibl. Ezecheil=Ezekiel eoluri Aeolic=Aeolian
ezope/esope Aesop(os) epaminonda Epaminondas
ezra bibl. Ezra epigone Epigonus
eTiopebi Aithiopos epidavros(i) Epidaurus
eTiopia/abisinia Ethiopia epidavros pimela Epidaurus Pymela
ekbaTana Ecbatana epikure Epicurus
ekvestruli orderi Equestrian order epikureloba/epikurianizmi Epicurianism
eklesiaste Ecclesiastes epimene Epimenes
epifane konstantinopoleli Epiphanius

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from/of Constantinople viqtor(i) Victor

epiqtite Epiktetos volacius Volacius
erazm(i) bibl. Erasmus vologase Vologases
erast(i) bibl. Erastus vulkan(i) Vulcan
eratosTene Eratosthenes z
erayi Iraq
zabulon bibl. Zabulon
ergotimos(i) Erotimos
zagros Zagros
eriTria Eretria
zara bibl. Zarah
erot(eb)i Erot(is)
zaqaria Zachariah
eros(i) Eros
zevax Zevakh
esTer(i) bibl. Ester=Hest(h)er zevsi Zeus
esrom bibl. Hezron zenobia bibl. Zenob(ia)
esqile Aeschylus zenon Zeno
esqine Aeschines zenon eleli Zenon of Eleates
etna Aetna=Etna zenon efeseli Zenodotos of Ephesios
etruria Etruria zenon kitioneli Zenon of Kitieus
etruski Etruscus zoia bibl. Zoe
etruskuli Etruscan
zoroastri/zoroastruli Zoroastrian
efemenidi Epimenidas
zoroastrizmi Zoroastrism
efemia bibl. Euphemia
zorobabeli bibl. Zerubbabel
efeseli Ephesios=Ephesius
zosime bibl. Zosimos=Zosimus
efeso (qalaqi) Ephesos=Ephesus
efrem(i) bibl. Ephraim T
eqidne Echidna Tavrida Taurida
Tavrizi Tabriz
v Tales Thales
valarSapati Valarshapat Talia Thalia
valentinian(i) Valentinian Tamar bibl. Tamar
valerian(us) Valerian(us) Tara bibl. Terah
valerius maqsimianus Valerius Maximianus Tarsa bibl. Tarah
valerius flakus Valerius Flaccus Tasos Thasos=Thasus/Thasian
vandali Vandal Tebe Thebes
vanis tba Van (lake) Tevdore bibl. Theodore
varahran Varahran Tezevsi Theseus
vardan Vardanes
Teirani Tehran=Teheran
varsqen Varsken
Tel aviv(i) Tel Aviv
varcixe/rodopolis Rhodopolis
Tel-ajul Tell Ajjul
vatikani Vaticano
Tel deir ala Tell Deir Alla
vezuvi Vesuvius Tel-el-amarna Tel-el-Amarna
vena Vienna=Vienne Tel el-huS(i) Tell el-Hush
venera Venus Tel Taia Tell Taya
venera miloseli Venus de Milo Tel Taneq Tell Ta'nnek
venecia Venetia Tel mor(i) Tell-Mor
verginius(i) Verginius Tel rima Tell Rimah
verona Verona Tel sifri Tell Sifr
verus lucius Verus Lucius Tel harmal(i) Tell Harmal
vespasiane Vespasian
Temida Themis
vinicianus Vinicianus
Temistagora Themistagora(s)
virgilius(i) Virgil(ius)
Temistios Themistios=Themistius
vitelius(i) Vitellius
Temisto Themisto
vitruvius Vitruvius Temistokle Themistocles
vifsanius(i) Vipsanius Temur lang/leng=lang Temur Tamerlan

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Teodora Theodora iafa Jaffa

Teodore Theodoros=Theudorus iafet bibl. Japhet
Teodos(ius) Theodosius iahve Jahva
Teoklite Theclit=Theocrit=Theocritus idiSi Jüdisch
Teos(i) Theos ieguda Jugurtha
Teofane Theophanes iektan bibl. Joktan
Teofane bizantieli Thephanes Bisantios iemeni Yemen
Teofane mitilineli Thephanes of ieran bibl. Jeran
Mytiline ieremia bibl. Jeremia(h)
Teofane JamTaaRmwereli Theophanes ieriqoni bibl. Jericho
Chronographi ieronime bibl. HHeironymus
Teofane homologeti Thephanes Homolo- ierusalimi bibl. Jerusalem
Getes iese bibl. Jesse
Teofile Theophilus ieso bibl. Jesus=Joshua
Teofobius Theophobius ieso nazareveli bibl. Jesus of
Teofrate Theophratos Nazareth
Tera Thera ieRova Jehovah
Tergi Thergi=Terek ivdiTi bibl. Judith
Termi Thermi ivliane Julianos=Julianus
Termopile Thermopylae ivriTi Ivrit
Teron Theron iliada Iliad
Tesalia Thessalia=Thessaly iliria Illyria
Tesalonika/Tesalonike Thessalonica ilirielebi Illyrioi
Teseioni Teseyon ioaTam bibl. Jotham
Tefe gavra Tepe Gaura/Gawra ioakime bibl. Joachim
Timarxos Timarkhos ioane damaskeli John (of) Damaskenos
TimesTios Timesthius ioane zedazneli John (of Zedazeni)
Tiras bibl. Tiras Zedazneli
Tiridate/tiridate Tiridates ioane zosime bibl. John Zosimos
Tisbe Thisbe ioane italosi John Italos
Tobel (adamiani) bibl. Tubal ioane kinamosi John Kinnamos
Toma magistrosi Thomas Magistros ioane malala John Malalas
Toma urwmuno bibl. Doubting Thomas ioane maxarebeli/RvTismetyveli(me-4saxa-
Tomas kvira bibl. Thomas' Week rebis "gamocxadebis"avtori John
Tomas kvira=kviracxovloba Thomas' the Apostle(Divine/Elder)
Sunday oiane naTlismcemeli/winaswarmetyveli
Tora Torah (markozis saxarebis mixedviT)
Tori Tori John the Baptist
TorRama Togarma ioane obolTmfarveli John Orphanotro-
Trakia Tracheis=Tracea phos
Trasimaqos Thrasymachus ioane oqropiri bibl. John Chrysostom
Tubal(eb)i Tubal(s) ioane umiwawylo John the Landless
TukiTide Thucydides ioane cibus(i) John Tsibus
iob(i) bibl. Job=Jove=Jovis
i iobab bibl. Jobab
iazdagird Yazdagird
iobal/iobel bibl. Jabal
iazon Aeson
iobed bibl. Obed
iakob(i) bibl. Jacob
iobosleli bibl. Jabusite
iakob zebedesi bibl. James
ioviane bibl. Jovian
ianus(i) Janus
ioil(i) bibl. Joel
iared bibl. Jared
iokaste Epicaste=Iocasta
iason(i) Jason=Iason
ion kasian(i) John Cassian

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iona Jonash=Jonas=Ion k
iona qioseli Ion of Chios kadici Cadiz
ionaTan Jonathan kadme/kadmos(i) Cadmos
ionia/ioneli Ionia(n) kaen(i) bibl. Cain
ionuri Ionic kavad Cavad
ionuri kapitelis xvia Ionic roll kavkasia Caucasia=Caucasus
ioram bibl. Jehoram kavkasiis iberia=qarTlis samefo Cau-
iorgan Tefe Jorgan Tepe casian Iberian Kingdom
iordane bibl. Jordan kavkasieli=kavkasoidi Caucasoid
iosafat Jehoshaphat kavkasiuri Caucasian=Caucasic
ioseb(i) bibl. Joseph(us) kazanliki=yazanliyi Kazanlik
ioseb flavius(i) Josephus Flavius kainan bibl. Cainan
iosia/ioahim Jehoiachim kairo Cairo
irida/iris bibl. Iris kalen hisar(i) Kallen Hissar
irine bibl. Irene kaligula Caligula
irineos(i) bibl. Irinaeus kalistrate samoseli Callistrates of
irod(i)/herode Herod(es) Samos
isa(a)k bibl. Isaak kalimaqe Callimacus
isaia bibl. Isaiah kalistine Callisthenes
isTmia bibl. Isthmia kalisto Callistus
isida/isis Isis kalifso Calypso
ismail/iSmail bibl. Ishmael kampana Campana
ismene Ismene kampania(provincia) Campania
isokrate Isocrates kana(galileis) Cana of Galilee
ispahani Isfahan=Ispahan kandid(i) Candidus
israeli(ti) Israel(ite) kandid krasus Candidius crassus
istria Histria=Istria kaneS Ksanes
isqia Ischia kapadokia/kabadikia Cappadocia
italoit(i) Italiot=Italiote kapitoliumis mTa Capitoline Hill
iuda bibl. Judah=Jude kapri Capri
iudea bibl. Judaea=Judea kapua Capua
iudimeli Judimean karatas semaiuk Karatas Semayük
iuvenal Juvenal karakala/yarayala Caracalla
iul bibl. Hul karTageni Carthage=Carthago
iulia bibl. Julia kariatidebi Caryatides
iulian Julian karinus da numerian Carinus and
iuliane Julianos=Julianus Numerian
iulius Julius kasandra Cassander
iulius gandgomili Julian the Apostle kasiane del pocco Cassiano del Pozzo
iulius keisari Julius Caesar kasiodore Cassiodorus
iulius(klavdiusTa dinastia) Julio kasiope Cassiope
iulius marciali Julius Martialis kaspiis zRva Caspian/Hycarian Sea
iulius nepo Julius Nepos kasius Cassius
iulius peligne Julius Paelignus kastor Castor
iunona Juno=Iuno kastorius Castorius
iupiteri Jupiter=Iuppiter katilina Catilina=Catiline
iustine Justine kato Cato
iustiniane Justinian(us) kato umcrosi Cato M. Porcius the Younger
ifigenia Iphigenia kato ufrosi Cato M. Porcius the Elder
iSTar(i) Ishtar katulus Catul(l)us
kafar zold Kafar szold

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kafToriimelni bibl. Caphthorian kom-eS-Sukafa Kom-Esh-Shukafa

kelasuri/klisura Cerasus komagene=qumuxi Commagene
kelt(ur)i Celt(ic) komnene Komnene
kenomani Cenomani komneni/komnenosi Komnenos
kentavri Centaurus komod(i) Commodus
kesarea Caesarea komos(i) Kommos
kesarion(i) Cesarion konia Konya
kvintiane Quintianus konstantina Constantina
kvintiliane Quintilian(us) konstantine Constantine
kvintilius Quintillus konstantinopoli/stamboli Constantinop-
kvintus Quintus le=Constantinopole
kvatroCento Quattrocento konstancius Constantius
kvirinalis mTa Quirinal Hill kopt(ur)i Copt(ic)
kviproseli/kviprosuli Cyproit korinTi/korinTo Corinth(us)
kviprosi Cuprus koriolan(os) Coriolanus
kibela/kibele Cybele kornelius Cornelius
kiziki Cyzicus kornelius nepo Cornelius Nepos
kizil(i) Quizil korneliusebi Cornelii
kikladebi Cyclades korsika Corsica
kikladuri Cycladic korfu Corfu
kiknosi Cycnos kos(i)(kunZuli) Cos
kilikia,kilikieli,kilikiuri Cilicia(n) kras(us) Crassus
kimiria,kimirieli,kimiriuli Cimmeria(n) kremona Cremona
kimirielebi Κimmerioi krezi Croesus
kimerikon Kimmerikon kreta Creta=Crete=Krete
kipriane Cyprian kreteli/kretuli Cretan
kirke Circe kronos(i) Kronos
kiros(i) Cyrrhus kum/qum Tefe Kum Tepe
kitelni bibl. Kittim kumra Kumra
kiSi Kish kupidoni Cupid
klavdi ptolemaios(i) Claudi Ptolomaei kursunlu/kurSunlu Tefe Kursunly Tepe
klavdiane Claudian kusura Kusura
klavdios II goTi Claudius II Gothicus kutaia=quTaia=quTaisi Kutaia=Cotais
klavdiosTa dinastia Claudian Dynasty kuSan(i) Kushan
klavdiusebi Claudii kuSi(qalaqi) Cush
klazomena Clazomenae l
klement(i) Clement laban/lavan bibl. Laban
klement aleqsandrieli Clement of levimielni bibl. Lehabin
Alexandria lazare bibl. Lazarus
kleopatra Cleopatra lazi Lazi
kleofrade Kleophrades lakerna/laqerna Lacerna
klio Clio lakonia.lakonieli,lakoniuri Laconian
klisTene Klisthenes lamaxus Lamachus
klitarqe Cleitarchus lameq Lamech
klodius albinus Clodius Albinus lavilat bibl. Havilah
knidos(i) Cnidos=Cnidus langobardi Langobardi
knosos Cnossos=Cnosus laodikia Laodikia
kolizeumi Colisseum=Colosseum laokoon(i) Laocoön
kolofon Colophon la-ten(i) La Tène
kolxi,kolxebi,kolxeTi Colch(is) laqiSi/laCiSi Lachish
kolxosi Colchos levkadia Levcadia
kolxuri Colchian

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levkoTea Leucothea mavrikios Maurikios

leila bibl. Leila mavritania,mavritaneli,mavritanuli
lemnos(i) Lemnos Mauritania(n)
leon Leo(n) maTe bibl. Mattew=Mattias
lepide Lepidus maTusala bibl. Methusael=Mathuselah
lesbos Lesbos maioran Majoran
leto Leto makedonia,makedoneli,makedonuri Mace-
lia bibl. Leah donia(n)
libia Libya makiaveli Machiavelli
libius severus Libius Severus makron(eb)i Macrone(s)
liborne Libourne makrinius Macrinius
liguria,ligurieli,liguriuli Ligu- malael bibl. Mehujael
ria(n) malase Malassas
lidia,lidieli,lidiuri Lydia(n) maleleil bibl. MMahalaleel
livi bibl. Livi mamertini Mamortinum
likurge bibl. Likurgos maniqeveli Manichean
lisandre Lysandros maniqeveloba/maniqeizmi Manichean
lisimaqe Lysimachos marTa bibl. Martha
lisipe Lysippus mari Mari
lisistrate Lysistratus mariam(i) bibl. Maria(m)=Mary
lisifide Lysippides mariam magdalineli bibl. Maria
liqsus Lixus Magdalene
licinian Licinianus mariamlik Mariamlik
licinius Lisinius marius Marius
loT(i) bibl. Lot mark antonius Mark Antony=Markus Antoni-
longinoz Longinus us=Antonius Markus
lorenco vala Lorenzo Vala markoz bibl. Mark
luda bibl. Lud markoman(eb)i Marcomann(i)
ludimielni bibl. Ludim markomanuli Marcomanic
lui Louis markus avrelius Marc(us) Aurelius
luka bibl. Luke markus verus Markus Verus
lukiane bibl. Lucian markus vespasiane agripa Markus Vespasi-
lukiane samosateli Lukianus of Samosa- anus Agrippa
teus markus klavdius marcelus Markus
lukrecius fronto Lucretius Ftonto Claudius Marcellus
lukulus l. licianus Lucullus L. markus lucius Markus Lucius
Licinius markus opelius makrianus Markus Ope-
lusida/lucila Lucilla llius Marcianus
lutecia Lutetia markus tulius ciceroni Markus Tulius
luqsori Luxor Cicero
marmarilos zRva/propontis Propontis
lucius Lucius
maroko Maroc(co)
lucius verus Lucius Verus
marsi Mars
lucius kornelius cina Lucius
marsisadmi miZRvnili Martialis
Cornelius Cinna
luciferi Lucifer marcelinus Marcellinus
marcelus Marcellus
m marcian(us) Marcian(us)
magna grecia Magna Graecia marcius Marcius
magnencius Magnentius masis bibl. Mesha
magog(ix.gog) bibl. Magog mataTe bibl. Matthan
madim bibl. Madai maqsentius Maxentius
mavsole/mavsoli/mavzol(os) Mausolus maqsimian Maximian

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maqsiminus Maximinus miqael fsilosi Michael Psellos

maqsimus Maximus miqei bibl. MMicah
macesta Macestus mogvTa kari Gate of Magi
maxare Machares moirebi Moirai
maxlon(i) Machlon momzen(i) Mommsen
megara Megara mose bibl. Moses
megido Megiddo mose xorenaci Moses Chorenaci
medea Medea moses(i) Mosaic
medina Medina mosiniki Mossynoeci
mezara Mezara mosoq bibl. Moshech
melania Melania mosul(i) Mosul
melesia Melesias mosqe Moschos
meliso samoseli Melissos of Samos mosxi Moschus
melos/milos Melos moxirisi Mocherisis
melpomene Melpomene mtkvari Cyrus=Mtkvari
memnon Memnon muza Muse
memfisi Memphis muzeioni=muzebis taZari Museion
menadebi Menades n
menandre Menander nabaTea Nabatae
menandre protiqtor Menandros Protictor nabopolosari Nabopolissar
menelae Menelaos nazareveli bibl. Nazarene
meot(eb)i Meoti(s) nazareTi bibl. Nazareth
meribanes Meribanes naTaniel(i) bibl. Nathaniel
merkuri Mercury naid(i) bibl. Nod
mersin(i) Mersin narcis(i) Narcissus
mesala Mesalla nafTalem bibl. Naphtali
mesana,mesane,mesani Messana naqor bibl. Nahor
mesarim/mesaraim Mizraim naqsos(i) Naxos
mesopotamia Mesopotamia naxSon bibl. Nahshon
meqa Mecca naxWevani Nakhichevan
midas(i) Midas naharia Naharya
miTra Mithras nea pafos Nea Paphos
miTridate Mithridates neapoli(i) Naples
miTridate evpatori Mithridates Eupator nebaroT/nimrud bibl. Nimrud
miTridate pergameli Mithridates of Perga- nemea Nemea
mum nemezida Nemesis
mikeneli/mikenuri Mycenian neokesarea Neocaesarea
mikeni Mycenae neo-piTagorenealoba Neo-Pythagoreanism
mileteli/mileturi Milesian neo-platonizmi Neo-Platonitas
mileti Miletos=Miletus neo-platonikosi Neo-Platonicus
mindel(i) Mindel neoptolome Neoptolemus
minerva Minerva
neptun(i) Neptune
minoseli/minosuri Minoan
nerva Nerva
minosi Minos
neron(i) Nero Julius Caesar
minosur-mikenuri Minoan-Mycenae neron tiberius klavdius(ix.tiberius)
mioceni Miocene Tiberius Claudius Nero
mirmekia Mimekii nerse Nerseh=Nerses
mirmrkioni Myrmekion nestor(ianeleb)I Nestor(ians)
misimiani Misimiani nestor(ius) Nestorius
mitiliane Mytiline nefTalimelni bibl. Nephtuhim
miqael/mixeil bibl. Michael nikandre Nikandre
miqael ataliate Michael Attaleiates

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nikandro Nicander (h)onorius Honorius

nikator selevki Nicator Seleucus onofre Humphrey=Humphry
nike Nike opa (mosavlisa da nayofierebis qal-
nikea Nicaeae=Nice RmerTi) Ops
nikeas kreba Nic(a)ea Council orakuli Oracle=oracle
nikeforion(i) Nicephorion orencius(i) Orentius
nikita qoniate=xoniati Nicitae Choniatae oreste Orestae=Orestes
nikifore Nikephores oreq(i) bibl. Erech
nikoloz Nicholas orioni Orion=Urion
nikoloz damaskeli Nicolaus of Damascus orode Orodes
nikomaqe Nicomachus oronti=md. el-as Orontes
nikomede Nicomedes orqomene Orchomenus
nikomedia Nicomedia orfevsi=orfeosi Orpheus
nikopolis Nicopolis orfizmi Orphism
nikofsia/tuafse Nikofsis orfikuli Orphic
nilosi Nile os bibl. Uz
nime Nimes osiris(i) Osiris
nimrud(i) Nimrud ostrakizmi Ostracism
nimrud daRi Nimrud Dagh oqsinirxos Oxyrchynchus
nimfeion(i) Nymohseion=Nimphaeum=Nym- oqtavian(e) Octavia(n)=Octavianus
phaion oCamCire Gyenus
ninevi(a) Nineveh p
niobe bibl. Niobe pavia Pavia
niobid(i) Niobid pavle bibl. Paul
nisa Nisa pavlikianoba Paulikianoi
niqozia Nicosia palestina Palestina=Palestine
noe bibl. Noah palestineli/palestinuri(ix.filistime
noema bibl. Naamah li) PPalestinian
noqalaqevi/arqeopolisi/cixegoji Arha- paliastomi Paliastom
eopolis palmira Palmyra
numerian(e) Numerian pamflia Pamphlylia
numidia Numidia panaTenea Panathenea
o pandore Pandore
obedi(a) Obadia panelinizmi Panhellenism
obod(i) Obodas panelinisturi Panhellenic
odisea Odysey panonia Pannonia
odisevs(i) Odysseus panopolis(i) Panopolis
ovidius(i) Ovid pantikapeon(i) Panticapaeum
ozia bibl. Uzzia papis olqi States of the Church
oTo=oto Otho parTen(i) Parthenes
oidipos(i) Oedipus parTenon(i) Parthenos=Parthenos
olbia Olbia parTia Parthia
olibrius Olybrius paris(i) Paris
olimpeiumi(iupiter olimpielis taZa- parmenide eleli Parmenides of Elea
ri) Olimpeium parmenion(i) Parmenion
olimpi (mTa) Olympus parnasi Parnassus
olimpia Olympia paros(i)/faros(i) Paros
olRa bibl. Olga pasife Psiphae
omanidi Omanide patrokle Patrocles
omfale Omphale patrusimelni bibl. Pathrusim
onomastikoni Onomastikon paflagonia Paphlagonia

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pafos(i) Paphos polemo Polemo

paxom(i) bibl. Pachomius polemon Polemon
pegas(i) Pegasus polemon aTeneli Polemon of Athens
pevtinger(i) Peutinger polemon levkadieli Polemon of Leodicea
pelagia bibl. Pelagia polemonium(i) Polemomonium
pelazgi Pelazgian polibios Plybios
pelopones(i) Peloponnes(us) polidore Polydorus
penileos(i) Peneleos polievqte Plyeuctus
penelope Penelope polikarpe Polycarp
pepitrin(i) Pepytrin poliklite Polycleitus=Polyclitus
pergamon(i) Pergamon=Pergamos polikrate Polycrates
pergamos(i) Pergamum polimneste Polymnestus
perikle Pericle(s) polimnia Polyhymnia
peroz Peroz poluqs Polux
perse Perses poluqsus (?) Polluxus
persevsi Persaeus pompei (kaci) Pompeii
persenius niger Persennius Niger pompei (qalaqi) Pompeja=Pompeji=Pompei
persepolis(i) Persepolis pompeia (qali) Pnmpia
persefone P(h)ersephone pompeopolisi Pompeopolis
pertineqs Pertinax pomponia Pomponia
petra/cixisZiri Petra pompeus(i) Pompei(us)
petre bibl. Peter pompeus didi Pompei the Great=Pompeius
petre iberi Peter the Iberian Magnus=Gnaeus Pompeius
petronius(i) Petronius pompeus seqstus=meore Pompeius Sextus
petronius maqsimus Petronius Maximus pompeus strabo Pompeius Strabo
petronius sekundus Petronius Secundus pompeus trogus Pompeius Trogus
piaca armenia Piazza Armenia pomponius mela Pomponius Mela
piza Pisa ponto (saxelmwifo) Pontos=Pontus
piTagora(ix. neo...) Pythagoras ponti polemoniak Pontus Polemoniacus
piTagoreaneli/piTagoreaneloba Pytha- porfile Porphyry
gorean(ist)(ism) porfirios Porphyrios
piTodore Pythodores=Pythodorus poseidoni Poseidon
pilade Pylades posidonius Posidonius
pilate pontoeli Pilate Pontius postumus Postumus
pinarius Pinarius praqsikle naqsoseli Praxicles of Naxos
pindare Pindar praqsitile Praxitiles
pirenei Pyrenees praqsitile knideli Praxitiles Cnida
piros(i) Pyrros preneste Praeneste
pitiunti/pitius/biWvinta Pityuntis=Pityus prisko(saalyo manqanis Semqmneli)Priscus
pius Pius prisciliane Priscillian
platon(i)(zmi) Plato(n)(ism) probus Probus
pletorius celer n. marcius Plaetorius prozerpina Proserpina
Celer N. Marcius prokle Proclus
plinius uncrosi Plini the Junior Minor/ prokofi Procopius
Young=Gaius Plinius Junior(Minor/Younger prokofi kesarieli Prokopios Kaesarein-
plinius ufrosi Plini the Elder nsis
(Major/Secundus=Gaius Plinius Secundus prokruste Procrustes
(Major/Elder) promeTe/amirani Prometheus
plotini PPlotinos propontis/marmarilos zRva Propontis
plutarqe Plutarch(os) protagora Protagoras
plutarqe lukulusi Plutarchos Lucullus proxor Prochor
pluton(i) Pluton ptolemais Ptolemais

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ptolemaios Ptolemaios savaTa bibl. Sabtah

ptoleme/ptolome Ptolemy=Ptolemaios savakaTa bibl. Sabtecha
ptolemeebi Ptolomaioi=Lagidai savan=savar bibl. Sheba
ptolome Ptolemies savlak Saulaces
publius Publius savromasi Sauromaces
publicius Publicius sala bibl. Salah
publicius agripa Publicius Agrippa saladini Salah-ad-Din
punikuri omebi Punic Wars salaTiel bibl. Shealtiel
J salaÁ bibl. Salax
Jan Sarden(i) Jean Chardin salef bibl. Sheleph
salmon bibl. Salmon
r salome(a) Salome
ragav bibl. Reu saloniki Salonica
radamist Radamistλα samareelni bibl. Zemarite
ramah bibl. Ramah samaria Samaria
ramzes/ramses Ramses samoTrakia Samothrace
ras-Samra Ras-Shamra samosata Samosata
raRmai/reRmai bibl. Raemah=Raamah samoseli/samosuri Samian
raxil bibl. Rachel samos(i) Samos
rea Rhea samson bibl. Samson
rebeka bibl. Rebecca=Rebekah Samuel bibl. Samuel
regium Regium sara bibl. Sara(h)=Sarai
reims(i) Rheims sargon(i) Sargon
remedelo Remedelo sardanapal(i) Sardanapalus
remi Rhemiτο sardes Sardes
remus Remus sardi Sardis
renesansi Renaissance sardinia Sardinia
reqab bibl. Rehab sardur(i) Sardour
risis/risuli periodi Riβ (Germ) sarkinozi Saracen
rifaT bibl. Riphat samatia/sarmati/sarmatuli Sarmat(ia)(n)
robuam bibl. Rehoboam sasanidi Sassanian=Sassanid
rodelni bibl. Gentiles satana Satan=the Tempter
rodopolis/varcixe Rhodopolis satiri Stur
rodos(i) Rhodes satirikon(i) Satyricon
rodoseli/rodosuli Rhodium=Rhodius saturnaliebi Saturnalia
rodosis kolosi Collosus of Rhodes saturni Saturn
romi Roma=Rome saturnis taZris xazina Aerarium
romoT bibl. Rohoboth saul bibl. Saul
romulus Romulus saurmag Saurmag
romulus avgustul Romulus Augustulus safaridebi Sapharides
roqsana bibl. Roxana safo lesboseli Sappho of Lesbos
ruben bibl. Reuben sebasteion(i) Sebasteion
rubikoni Rubicon sebastopolisi/cxumi/soxumi Sebastopolis
ruT(i) bibl. Ruth sebvoma bibl. Zeboim
rustika Rusticus severiane Severianos
rufinus Rufinus severos (Severan) Severus
rufus Rufus sevsamora/wiwamuri Seusamora
s seT/siT bibl. Seth
saba bibl. Seba sela bibl. Zillah
saberZneTi Greece=Magna Graecia selevk(i) Seleucus
saduk bibl. Zadok selevkia Seleuceia
sadukevel(n)i bibl. Saduce(es)

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selevkid(i) Seleucid sofio bibl. Sophio

selCuki/selCukuri Seljuk(ian) sofirad (mTa) Sophar
sem(i) bibl. Shem sofokle Sophocles
semiramida/Samuramati Semiramis sofron Sophron
semit(ur)(izm)(i) Semit(ic)(ism) soxumi/cxumi/sebastopolisi Sebastopolis
senaris bibl. Shinar sparseTi/sparseli/sparsuli Persia(n)
seneka Seneca Lucius Annaeus spartak(i) Spartacus
septimus Septimius spartokidebi Spartokidai
serafita Serapeitis split(i) Split
servius tulius Servius Tullius stabia Stabia
serna bibl. Doreas stamboli/konstantinopolo Istanbul
seruq bibl. Serug stesiqore Stesichorus
sesklo Sesklo stefane Stephen
sesostris Sesostris stefane bizantieli Stephanos from Biz-
seqst(us) Sextus antium
svetonius Suetonius stefanoz(i) Stephanus
sibila bibl. Sibil=Sybil stiqsi Stygian=Styx
siderun bibl. Siderun stoicizmi Stoicism
sidon(i) Sidon strabon(i) Strabo
sim(e)on logoTeti Symeon Logothetes strato Strato
sim(e)on metafrasti Symeon Metaphrastes stratofilos Stratophilus
simon bibl. Simon subarTu/subatu Subartu
sinas mTa Sinai Mount suza Susa
sinedrioni Sanhedrin suziana Susiana
sineli (vinme) Sinaite sula Sulla
sinopi/sinopeli/sinopuri Sinope(an) susana bibl. Susan(na)(h)
sioni bibl. Zion sfinqsi Sphinx
sirakuzi Syracuse sqefarnas Sceparnas
sirenebi Sirenes scipion Scipio
siria/sirieli/siriuli Syria(n) scipion azieli Scipio Asiagenus
sifoni (kikladebis kunZuli) Siphonos t
sicilia Sicilia=Sicillia=Sicily tabiT bibl. Tabitha
skanda Scanda tavris mTa Taurus=Toros Mountains
skviTi(a) Scyt(h)ia(n) talan bibl. Calneh
skilaqsi Skylax tanagra Tanagra
skliarosi Skleros tanais Tanais
skribonia Scribonia tantalos Tantalos
skriboniane Scribonianus tarkvin(ius) Tarquinii=Tarquinius
skribonius(i) Scribonius tarsu(s) Tarsus
smirna Smirna=Zmyrna tarSiS/TarSiS bibl. Tarshish
sogdiana Sogdiana taqsila Taxila
sodom(el)(i)/sodomuri Sodom(ian) taqsile Taxile
sokrate Socrates tacit(us) Tacitus
soli Soli tacitus markus klavdius Tacitus
solomon(i) bibl. Solomon Markus Claudius
solomonis sibrZne Wis=Wisdom of Solo- tacitus publius kornelius Tacitus
mon Publius Cornelius
solon Solon taxt-e-belki Takht-e-Belki
solutre(uli) Solutre(an) tegea Tegea
sostrate egeoseli Sostratus of Aegina tevtoni Teuton
sosus pergameli Sosus Pergamum temenos Temenus
sofilus Sophilus

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tereza bibl. Teresa u

terentius/terencius Terentius ugarit(i) Ugarit
tertuliane Tertullian ulpia Ulpia
terfsiqore Terpsichore ulpiane domicius Domitius Ulpian(us)
tercia Tertia umbria/umbrieli/umbriuli Umbria(n)
tiberiane Tiberianus urania Urania
tiberius Tiberius urarteli/urartuli Urartian
tiberius iulius aleqsandre Tiberius urartu Urartu
Julius Alexander urgete Eurgetes
tiberius klavdius neron(i) Tiberius
ur(i) Ur
Claudius Nero uria Uriah
tibri Tiber
urmia Urmia
tibur Tibur
uruki/uruqi Uruk
tigran Tigranes
utika/utica Utica
tigranokerti Tigranocerta
ufir bibl. Ophir
tigrafate Tigrapate
ufica Uffizi
tigros(i) Tigris
timagora epikureli Timagoras the f
Epicurean fabius maqsimus kvintus Fabius Maximus
timarqide Timarchides Cunctator
timoTe bibl. Timothy fabiusebi Fabii
timon Timon faziseli/fazisuri Fabricius
timosTene Timosthenes fazisi/fasisi Phasisian
timostrate Timostratus faleg/falek bibl. Peleg
tindare Tindaris fanagoria/fanagorieli/fanagoriuli
tiri Tyre Phanagoreia(n)
titus flavius makrianus Titus Flavius farez(i) bibl. Perez
Macrianus farisevel(n)i bibl. Pharisee(s)
tifon Typhon farnavaz didi Pharnabazus the Great
ticius Titius farnavazianTa/farnavaziani Pharnabazid
tixe Tiche faros(i)/paros(i) Paros
tixe antioqeli Tiche of Antioch farsansi Farasanses
tixe-fortuna Tiche-Fortuna farsman(i) Pharsmanes
torkvato taso Torquatus Tasso fausta Fausta
traiane Trajani=Traiani faustina Faustina
trapizoni Trabzon=Trapesus (Gr) fasargadeni Pasargadae
trpizonis Tapesitos feniqsi Phoenix
trasimaqos Trasymachus fehlevi Pahlavi
trasimene Trasimene fidene Fidene
trebonius Trebonius fidias(i) Phidias
triboniane Tribonian(us) feliqsi Felix
triboniane gali Tribonian(us) Gallus filadelfos Philadelphos
trieri Trier filida Phyllis
triklinius(i) Triclinius filipe bibl. Philip(us)
tripoli Tripoli filipe arabi Philip(us) the Arab
tristan Tristan filipeion(i) Philippeion
trifon Tryphon filipopolisi Philippopolis
troa Troy filistimeli/palestineli Pholisim=
tulia Tullia =Philistine
tulius Tullius filistimelni bibl. PPhilistinians
tunisi Tunisia fimbria Fimbria
finikia/finikieli/finikiuri Phoenicia(n)

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firuzabadi Pirusabad qam bibl. Ham

fisistrate Pisistratus qanaanelni bibl. Canaatites
filokrate Philocrates qanaani bibl. Canaan
filoktiste Philoktistes qaraz qazisi Karaz-Kazisi
filon(i) Philon qarTli Caucasian Iberian Kingdom
filostrate Philostratus qaritebi Charites
filoqsene Philoxenus qaron(is) navi Charon('s) ferry
filoqtete Philoctetes qarqemiSi Carchemish=Karkamiš =Karga-
flaviane Flavianus miš
flavianebi/flaviosTa Flavian(s) qasqebi/qaSqebi Kaška(ia)
flavios Flavius qaSmiri Kashmir
flaviusebi Flavii qeTevan Catharine=Catherine
flandria Flabders qen hasan Can Hasan
floriane Florian qeronea Chaeronea
florencia Florentia qerCis srute Kerch strait
foka Phokas qetel bibl. Heth
fokia Phokaia qimera Chimera
folaTli Polatli qioseli/qiosuri Chian
forum(i) Forum qiosi/xiosi Chios
forum avgustum Forum Augustum qironi Cheiron
~ alien ~ Alieni qiulTefe Kultepe=Kül Tepe
~ apium ~ Apii qloa=simwvane Chloe
~ avrelium ~ Aurelium qrizipe Chrysippus
~ galorum ~ Gallorum qristefore Christopher
~ iulium ~ Julium qristine Christin(e)
~ korneli(i) ~ Cornelii qsantipe Xanthippe
~ kesaros ~ Caesaris qsenokrate Xenocrates
~ romanum ~ Romanun qsenofane Xenophanes
~ traiani ~ Traiani qsenofon aTeneli Xenophon of Athens
~ transistorum ~ transistorum qsenofonte Xenophon
~ facis=mSvidobis ~ Pacis qserqse Xerxe
fortuna Fortuna=Fortune quTaisi/kutaia/quTaia Cotaisi=Kutaia
fortuna primigenia Fortuna Primigenia qum Tefe/kum Tefe Kum Tepe
fraat(i) Phraataces=Phraates qfar-monaS Kfar Monash
frankebi Franks R
fraqsifane Praxipanes Raza Gaza
frigia P(h)rygia Razil bibl. Uzal
frigieli/frigiuli Pryge=Phrygius RaTer bibl. Gather
friqse Prixeus=Prixus Raidad bibl. Irad
fsevdo qsenofonti Pseudo-xenophon Ramer bibl. Gamer
fsiqe Psyche
fud bibl. Phut
y
yazanliyi/kazanliki Kazanlik
fulvia Fulvia
yandagari Kandagar
q yaraTefe Karatepe
qaldea Chaldaea yarayorumi Karakoram=Karalorum
qaldevel(n)i Chaldee(s) yarahisari Karahisar
qaleb bibl. Caleb
qalkedoni Chalcedon
S
Savi zRva Pontus=Pontus Poleminiacus=
qalkiope Chalciope
=Euxinus Pontus
qalkoliTi Chalcolite
Sampolion(i) Shampollion
qalkoliTuri Chalcolithic
Samuramati/semiramida Semiramis

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Sapur Shapur xiroqitia/xiroxitia Khirokitia

Sarden Jan Chardin Jean xlorus Clorus
Sah abasi Shah Abas xmelTaSua zRva Mare Nostrum=Mediterra-
Svab(eb)i Sueb(i) nian Sea
Siiti Shiite=Shia xorasani Khorasan=Khurasan
Sirazi Shiraz xorezmeli/xorezmuli Choresmian
Sorapani Sarapanis=Shorapani xorezmelebi Chorasmii
Sumeri Sumer xorezmi Chorezm
C xosro Chosroes
xuriti Huriti
CaTal huiuk Çatal Hüyük
CexeTi Czech xus bibl. Cush

c j
jalal-ed-dini Jallal-ad-din=Jalhal-ad-
cestius Cestius
ciklopi Cyclope din
juanSer Juansher=Djuansher
cila Cilla
cincinati Cincinnatus h
circea Circeii hada/heda Hadda
ciceroni kvintus tulius Cicero Quint- haifa Haifa
us Tullius halaf(i) Halaph
cixe-goji/noqalaqevi Archaepoilis halikarnasi Halicarnassus
cixisZiri/petra Petra halStati Hallstatt
crufilipe Andriskos hama Hama
cxumi/soxumi Sebastopolis hanibali Hannibal
w harmozika/armazcixe Harmozica
harpia/harpiebi Harpia/Harpiae
waTe Tsates
hasuna Tell Hassuna
wiwamuri/sevsamora Seusamora
haji Hajj
wina azia Middle east/West Asia
wminda sofia Sancta Sophia hajilari Hačilar
hebron(i) Hebron
W hekaTe Hecate
Woroxi Apsarus=Apsarunt hekaTe(os) mileTeli Hecataeus of Miletos
x hekuba Hecuba
xaTi Chatti=Hatti helespinti/dardanelis srute Helles-
xaTebi(xeTebi/xeTuri)(ix.axali) Hittite(s) pont
xalani bibl. Calah heliogabal(i) Heliogabalus
xalibi Chalybe heliodor(i) Heliodorus
xaTusa Hattuša heliopolisi Heliopolis
xaTusili Hattušili(š ) helios(i) Helius
xarTumi Khart(o)um henioxi Heniochi
xariton Chariton hera Hera
xasrolimelni bibl. Chasluhim herakle Heracles=Heracleus
xeTi Hatti(te) heraklea Heraclea=Heraclia
xeTuri Hatti(te) heraklia Trakiis Heraclea-in-Trahis
axali xeTuri Neo-Hittite heraklea pontosi Heraclia Pontica
xeofsi Cheops heraklion(i) Heracleon
xersonesi Chersonese=Chersonesus heraklide Heraclidae=Heraclides
xersoni Cherson heraklide lembos Heracleides Lembos
xefren(i) Chepren heraklios Heraclius
xiloni Chilon heraklite Heraclitus
xion heraklieli Chion of Heraclea herkulanum Herculaneum
xiosi/qiosi Chios herkulesi Hercules

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herkulesis svetebi Pillars of Hercules hinduyuSi Hindu Kush

hermes(i) Hermes hipaTia Hypatia
hermes fraqsiteli Hermes of Praxitiles hiparqe Hipparchos
hermia Hermias hipia Hippias
hermogene Hermogen hipokoon(i) Hipocoön
hermogeniane Hermogenianus hipokrate Hippocrates
hermonasa Hermonasa hipokrates fici Hippocratic Oath
hermopolisi Hermopolis hipomene Hippomenes
herod didi Herod the Great hiponaqsi Hipponax
herode/irodi Herod(es) hiram bibl. Hiram
herodeze sastiki to out Herod hisarlik(i) Hissarlik
herodiane Herodianos=Herodianus hisiporte Hyssiportus
herodote halikarnaseli Herodotos=He- homeros(i) Homer(os)
rodotus Hallicarnasus homerosis himnebi Homeric Hymns
heron(i) Heron homeruli Homeric
herostrate Herostratos (h)onorius(i) Honorius
herofile Herophilos horacio Horatius
hesione Hesione horacius(i) Horace=Horatius Quintus Flac-
hesiod(e) Hesiod(os) cus
hefesto Hrephaestus=Hephaistos hormazd Hormazd
heqtor(i) Hector horoz-Tefe Horoz-Tepe
hiblea Hyblaea hosidius GgeTa Hosidius Geta
hidacius Hydatius huni Hun

276
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 სარჩევი
A abrider n saxexi,rTic ixexeba zedapiri
abandon(ment) v n gaukacrieleba,dacla,
mitoveba,tradiciis uaryofa
abandoned adj gaukacrielebuli,dacli-
li,mitovebuli,uaryofili
abas (ment) v n dacema.degradacia
abat(t)Is n nakafi adgili
abbreviate(ion)(s) v n Semokleba(ni)
abbreviated adj Semoklebuli
abdicate(d)(ion) v adj n mefobaze uaris
Tqma,taxtidangadadgoma/gadamdgari
abdomen n muclis Rru
abiding adj uryevi
ability n unar-Cveva,unari
~ of speech laparakis unari
oral/verbal ~ metyvelebis ~
writing ~ weris ~
able adj unaris mqone,SemZle,niWieri
be ~ v SemZle, SeZlo rame
ablution(s) n saweso ganbanva
perform one's ~ v ganbanvis ritualis
Sesruleba
abnormal(ity) adj n anomaluri/anomalu-
roba,aranormaluri/aranormalu-
roba,normidan gadaxra
abode n v sadgomi/sacxovrisi,cxovreba
sadme
abolish(ment) v n gauqmeba,ganadgureba,
gadafarva,Sewyveta
abolished adj gauqmebuli,ganadgurebuli.
Sewyvetili
abolition n gauqmeba,anulireba
about prep Sesaxeb ramisa...
adv daaxloebiT
above prep adv …ze(viT),zemoT
~ all ufro metic..,garda,ukeT,umeteswi-
lad,garda(am)yvelafrisa,yvelafer-
Tan erTad,yvelaze metad,ufro metic
~ the ~ mentioned garda yovelive zemo-
Tqmulisa...
~ cited/listed zemoT CamoTvlili
~ discussed ~ ganxiluli
immediately ~ sth zed (iqve/zustad) ra-
Racis Tavze
~ the law kanonze maRla
~mentioned zemoT naxsenebi,zemoTqmuli
~ one another erTmaneTze(dawyobili)
abrade v gaprialeba,gacveTa,gaxexva
abrasion n nakawri,naxexi,gaxexvis kvali
abrasive n adj naprialebi qva; sapriale-
beli
abreast adv gverdiT,gverdi-gverd
keep ~ fexdafex miyola
abridge(ment) v n Semokleba (mag.naSro-
mis)
abridged adj Semoklebuli
abroad adv sazRvargareT
from ~ sazRvargareTidan,sxva qveyni-
dan
abrupt adj elviseburi,swrafi,moulod-
neli,ucabedi,ucebi
abruptly adv ucabedad,uceb,ucbaT,swra-
fad
cease ~ v uceb Sewyveta ramis keTe-
bis
cut ~ short by… v dauyovnebliv/mosx-
letiT Sewyveta ramis
absence n aryofna,ararseboba,arqona
absent v adj armyofi/ardamswre.aryofna
sadme/ramis
absolute adj gadamWreli,sruli
absolutely adv savsebiT,srulad
absolve v patieba,Sendoba
~ of/in sin codvis Sendoba
absorb(tion) v n STanTqma,miReba,Sewova,
SeTviseba,gaTaviseba
absorbed adj STanTqmuli,Sewovili,SeT-
Tvisebeli,gaTavisebuli
~ in/into v saqmeSi/fiqrSi Cafluli
abstract n adj mokle Sinaarsi,nawyveti,
avtoreferati; gaurkveveli,aramk-
veTri,abstraqtuli
abuct(ion) v n gataceba, motaceba
abundance n siWarbe,siuxve,simravle ra-
mis
abundant adj auarebeli,baraqiani,far-
Tod gavrcelebuli,mdidruli,ux-
vi,nayofieri,Warbi
abundantly adv baraqianad,mdidrulad,ux-
vad,Warbad
abundance n simravle,siuxve,siWarbe
abuse n v gmoba,damcirebaSeubraleb-
loba,Seuracxyofa
abusive adj damamcirebeli,Seuracxmyo-
feli
abut on v sazRvris qona/mosazRvreoba
ramesTan
abutted adj adv mijriT,momijnave;
~by sth ekvris/easzRvreba (teritotia/
nageboba)
abutting from adj esazRvrebs/ekvris(teri-
toria/nageboba),momijnave
abutment n karis/svetis qusli
abuts on(to) v ekvris...
 სარჩევი
abysm n ufskruli
lost in the dark ~ of time drois morevSi/
warsulSi Cakarguli
abyss n wyvdiadi
academic adj akademiuri,mecnieruli
~edition akademiuri gamocema
~periodical akademiis perioduli gamo-
cema=Jurnali
~world akademiuri/samecniero wre(eb)i
acanthe/acanthi n sing/pl Gr. akanTi
acanthus/acanthi n sing/pl Lat. akanTi; n
adj daTvisterfa(si)
~like adj akanTisebri/msgavsi
accede to v daTanxmeba/mimxroba rameze
accelerate(ion) v n gaZliereba,(d)aCqareba,
mateba
accelerated adj (d)aCqarebuli
accentuate(ion)(d) v n adj mkveTrad gamo-
yofa/gamoyofili,xazgasma/xazgas-
muli,aqcentireba/aqcentirebuli
accept v aRiareba,daTanxmeba,Tanxmoba,
miCneva,sarwmunoebis miReba,Sefase-
ba,CaTvla
~ a battle v brZolis miReba
~ for a job v samsaxurSi miReba
if ~ sth as sth Tu davuSvebT,rom...
acceptable adj misaRebi
acceptably adv misaRebad
acceptance n aRiareba,Tanxmoba,miReba,
Sefasebs,Tanxmoba,CaTvla
unquestioning ~ upirobo Tanxmoba
accepted adj aRiarebuli,misaRebi,miRebu-
li,Sefasebuli,CaTvlili,SeTanx-
mebuli
~idea miRebuli azri
~ in principle principulad aRiarebul-
~ practice miRebuli wesi
generally/universally ~ sayovelTaod
aRiarebuli,Cveulebriv...
access(see approaches) n Sesasvleli,
misadgomi,misasvleli
difficult ~ Zneli misadgomi/misasvleli
give ~ to waruZRve vinmes,Sesasvleli
sadme
accessibility n (xel)misawvdomo/misawvdo-
moba,misadgomad advili
accessible adj advilad misadgomi/misawv-
domi,anu is,risi miRwevac SeiZleba
accession n zrda,mateba,taxtze asvla,
Sevseba,Setana,SeerTeba raime saqmeSi
accessioned adj raime damuSavebulu,anu
is,rasac emCneva adamianis namoqmedari
2
accessory adj damxmare(saTavsi)
accident n (ubeduri/usiamovno)SemTxveva
it is no ~ that… SemTxveviTi araa,rom...
accidental adj uneblie,SemTxveviTi
sth does not seem ~ (raRac) ar unda
iyos SemTxveviTi
in view of ~ discovery of sth… Tu gaviT-
valiswinebT (am) SemTxveviT aR-
moCenas(rogorc faqts)
acclaim v gamoxmaureba
accommodate v misadageba,morgeba,miyene-
ba,morigeba azrTa sxvaobisas,Sexma-
tkbileba,urTierTSerwyma,Segueba,
aRWurva,dabinaveba=mowyoba,moqceva
ramisa rameSi,momarageba,Ramis saTe-
vi,TavSesafris micema,budeSi Casma
~needs moTxovilebaTa dakmayofileba
moTxovnebis Sesabamisad
accommodation n binadroba,saTavsi,sa-
cxovrisi/sacxovrebeli,jaris da-
naveba
~facilities sacxovrebeli pirobebi,sa-
cxovreblad saWiro nivTebi
accommodations n pl RamissaTevi=Weri,
WerqveS
accompanied adj Tanmxlebi ram,axlavs
without being ~ by sth Tanmxlebi
masalis gareSe
accompany v Tanxleba,gayola
accompanying adj Tanmxlebi
accomplish(ment) v n asruleba,daxvewa,
dasruleba,srulqmna,srulyofa,
miRweva ramis,Sesruleba
accomplished adj srulqmnili,srulyofi-
li,dasrulebuli(nivTi/saqme)
accomplishment n srulyofileba
accomplishments n pl Rirsebebi
accord v damTxveva,Tanxvedra,morgeba,
Sexameba
~sth to sth SesabamisobaSi moyvana,mogva-
reba
~ with v Sejereba
accordance n Sesabamisiba
in ~ with adv Tanaxmad..,Sesabamisad,Se-
sabamisobaSi
~ with n Sesabamisoba ramesTTan
accorded adj Sesaferisi, Sesabamisi
according to… adv mixedviT vinmesi/rami-
sa
accordingly adv amitom,amrigad,Sesabami-
sad
account n v angariSi,moxsenebiTi baraTi
mosazreba,aRwera ramisa
 სარჩევი
~ for v n axsna-ganmarteba
on ~ of quantity raodenobis gaTva-
liswinebiT
take into ~ gaTvaliswineba,mxedvelo-
baSi miReba
taking ~ of the specifics Taviseburebe-
bis gaTvaliswinebiT
sth ~ (s) sth raRac aixsneba raRaciT
accountability n pasuxismgebloba
accountant n aRmricxveli,moangariSe
accounting ger aRricxva
accoutrement n pl usu. Meomris/samxedro
aRWurviloba
acculturate (ion)(culture) v n gakultureba
accumulate (ion) v n dagroveba,dafeneba,
Tavmoyra, grova
accumulated adj dagrovili,dafenebuli,
Tavmoyrili
accuracy n wesrigi,mowesrigebuloba,si-
zuste,siswore,zedmiwevniT
with ~ adv sizustiT
accurate adj daxvewili,uSecdomo.sxarti,
koxta
accurately adv zedmiwevniT,zustad,kox-
tad,daxvewilad,uSecdomod
accuse v dadanaSauleba
~ of sty v brails wayeneba,vinmesTvis
bralis Seracxva
accusation n braldeba
accustom(ed) to v adj SeCveva/SeCveuli
aceramic adj ukeramiko
Acer palmatum n adj Lat. CitivaSla(si)
achieve(d)(ment) v adj n miRweva/miRwe-
uli,mipoveba/mopovebuli; miRweva=
warmateba
acid(ic) n adj mJava,mJave,mJavuri
acidification n mJavianoba,mJavis Semcveli
acidify v mJaviT dabinZureba
acidity n mJavianoba
acknowledge(d) v adj dadastureba/dadas-
turebuli,gageba/gagebuli,Segneba/
Segnebuli; madlierebis gamoxat-
va,ramis daSveba,xseneba,aRiareba,
mxardaWera
~ sth v aRiareba/aRiarebuli rame,
cnoba ramis
acknowledgement n aRiareba,dasturi,
xelwerili,Setyobineba,oficialu-
ri gancxadeba
in ~ samadloblad ramisa...
acknowledgements n pl madlobebi naSro-
mis/wignis boloSi
acknowledging as… iTvleba/miRebulia,
3
rom/rogorc...
acme n usu. sing. ostatobis mwvervali
acorn n adj rko(si)
~ shaped adj rkosebri
acquaint v gacnoba vinmesi,gaTaviseba ra-
misa
acquaintance n nacnobi adamiani,gacnoba
~ with sb/sth v gacnoba vinmesi/ramisa
acquaintant n nacnobi adamiani
acquainted adj gacnobili
acquire(ment) v n miRweva,miReba,mopoveba,
SeZena,moxveWa,Sesisxlxorceba,
~ a character of… v raRac xasiaTis mi-
Reba
~ an evidence v raime cnobis mopoveba
~territories miwebis SemoerTeba
acquiring ger mopoveba,SeZena
acquisition n SeZena,SenaZeni
acquit(al) v gamarTleba(damnaSavis)
acrolithic adj akroliTuri
across pron. adv (ga)daRma
~ area/broad expance adv (farTo) sivr-
ceze
~ temporal/time expance adv droiT siv-
ceze/sivrceSi
acropol(ies) n sing/pl Lat. Sidacixe=akro-
poli
acroterium/acroterii n sing/pl Gr. { fronto-
acroterium/acroteria n sing/pl Lat.{ nis or-
namentuli Sverili=akroteriumi
act v n (mo)qmedeba,saqmianoba,aqti
acting adj mo(m)qmedi(mag.direqtori)
~ currently adj mudmivmoqmedi
action n (mo)qmedeba
coordinated ~ SeTanxmebuli ~
activate(ion) v n gaaqtiureba
actively adv aqtiurad
activities n pl saqmianoba,namoqmedari,moq-
medeba(ni)
activity n (mo)qmedeba,saqmianoba,moRvawe-
oba
regular ~ Cveuli saqmianoba
actor n monawile ramis,msaxiobi kaci,
momqmedi
actress n msaxiobi qali
actual adj arsebuli,aSkara=namdvili,ar-
sebiTi,aqtiuri,realuri,faqtiuri
~beginning realuri dasawyisi ramisa
~size namdvili=naturaluri zoma
in ~ fact sinamdvileSi
actually adv namdvilad,realurad,naT-
lad,TvalnaTliv,marTlac,pirda-
 სარჩევი
pir,aSkarad,WeSmaritad,faqtobrivad
acumen n gamWriaxoba,gonebamaxviloba,
goniereba,mixvedriloba
acute adj maxvili=wvetiani,wamaxuli
... ad interim vinme raime movaleobis/Ta-
namdebobis droebiT(i) Semsrulebe-
li
adamant adj Seudrekeli,Seuvali
adapt v Segueba,morgeba,Sexameba
adaptability n Semguebloba,Seguebis una-
ri
adaptable adj Semguebeli,Semguebluri
not ~ adj Seuguebeli
adaptation n Segueba,minabaZi
foreign ~ ucxo(uri) minabaZi
adapted adj Seguebuli,gamartivebuli
adapting adj Semguebluri
adaptive adj Semguebeli,Semguebluri
add v damateba,dagrZeleba,momateba,Se-
reva
added adj damatebuli,danamati,momate-
buli,mometebuli
~ piece n zedsadgami,zevidan dasad-
gmeli ram,danamati
addendum/addenda n sing/pl Lat. damateba
(ni)
Adder’s tongue n adj ZaRliskbila (mc)
addition n (da)mateba,danamati
in ~ garda amisa,damatebiT,Tanac...
in ~ to sth garda(amisa),miTumetes,rom
in ~ with (amasTan)erTad,damatebiT
raRacasTan
additional adj zedmeti,damatebiTi
additionally adv damatebiT,garda amisa, -
zedmetad
additions n pl damatebani
additive adj danamati,minarevi
address n v misamarTi,mimarTva vinmesad-
mi,misamarTis dawera rameze
adduce v dasabuTeba,sabuTis/dasturis
moZieba/moxmoba
adducing sth/by ~ sth v sabuTis moxmobiT
adequate(ly) adj adv sakmarisi/sakmarisad,
Sesabamisi/Sesabamisad
adhere v (darCe) erTguli vinmesi/ramisa
adv (Se)uryevlad
~ faith v (romelime) sarwmunoebaze mim-
xroba
adhesive adj webovani
adiantum n adj veneras Tma (mc)
adjacent adj gverdiTi, mimdebare
adjoin (ed) v adj dakavSireba/dakavSirebu-
4
mierTeba/mierTebuli,SeerTeba/Seer-
Tebuli
adjoining adj gverdiTi,mimdebare,mibmuli
mierTebuli,miSenebuli,mosazRvre,
erTmaneTze mibjenili(agurebi/
qvebi/Senoba)
adjoins v ekvris,esazRvreba rames rame
adjunct(ive) n adj danamati,damatebiTi
adjure v ficis Tqma
adjust(ed) v adj morgeba/morgebuli,Segu-
eba/Seguebuli,Sedareba/Sedarebuli,
Semowmeba/Semowmebuli
adjustment n morgeba,mowesrigeba,SeTanx-
meba
administer/administration v n marTva,mmarT-
veloba,mowyoba,aRsruleba,saqmis
warmarTva/warmoeba
administrative adj administraciuli,mmarT
velobiTi
~ system administracia,mmarTvelobis
sistema
admire(ation)(r) v n Tayvaniscema,pativis-
cema;Tayvanismcemeli,aRtaceba
admissible adj dasaSvebi
admit v aRniSvna,aRiareba,dadastureba,
daSveba ramis,SeSveba sadme vinmesi
admittance n daswreba(leqciaze,Cveneba-
ze,SeSveba sadme
admitted adj daSvebuli,miRebuli,SeTan-
xmebuli,SeSvebuli sadme
admittedly adv aRiarebulad,saerTo
aRiarebiT
admitting… adj damadasturebeli...
admixture(d) v adj Sereva/Sereuli,narevi
admonish(ment) v n gadarwmuneba,gafr-
Txileba,damoZRvra
admonition n gafrTxileba,damoZRvra
admonitory adj gamafrTxilebeli
adobe n senaki=kelia,alizi,umi/bzena-
revi aguri
adj v alizis,aliziT Selesva
n adj (AmE) aliz-aguri(s)
~ cottage n miwuri saxli
adolescence n siWabuke
adolescency n siWabuke,Wabukoba,axal-
gazrdoba
adolescent n adj axalgazrda/axalgaz-
rduli,ymawvili,Wabuki/Wabukuri
Adonic adj adonisuri
adopt(ion) v n Svilad ayvana=Svileba,
gadmoReba=mibaZva,sesxeba,raime sar-
wmunoebis miReba
~ measures v zomebis miReba
 სარჩევი
~ a rule v wesad qceva
~ opinion of sb v vinmes azris gazi-
areba
adopted adj naSvilebi,gadmoRebuli
vinmesgan
adorer n Tayvnismcemeli
adorn(ed) v adj morTva/morTuli,gawyo-
ba/gawyobili,Semkoba/Semkuli
adornment n morTuloba,samkauli
~ mounting n samkauli
adorsed adj (AmE) urTierTzurgSeq-
ceuli
adult adj mozrdili,zrdasruli ada-
miani
advance(s) n v winsvla,ganviTareba,miR-
wevebi,sakiTxis/Tezisis wamoyene-
ba/wamoWra;romelime xanis dad-
goma,ayvaveba,ganviTareba
in ~ adv winaswar
~post n wina sveti(raime nagebobis)
advanced adj ganviTarebuli,gazrdili,
gawafuli,daxelovnebuli,
win wasuli
advancement n winsvla,gamosworeba ram-
is, ganviTareba, winsvla
advancing adj zrdadi,mzardi
advantage n upiratesoba,warmateba,winsv-
la
~ upon sth upiratesoba rameze/rames-
Tan SedarebiT
Advent (the) n gamocxadeba/movlineba
(bibl),saSobao marxva,4 kviriani
periodi Sobamde
advent v n romelime xanis dadgoma,aR-
moceneba(ara mcenaris),gamoCena,gaCe-
na romelime xalxis misvla/mosvla
romelime teritoriaze
~ after/before v romelime xanis dad-
mis Semdeg/dadgomamde
adventure n Tavgadasavali
adverse adj arasaxarbielo/xelsayreli,
mavne
adversity n ubedureba
against ~ adv Tavdasxmis pasuxad
advertise v gancxadebis gamoqveyneba,gamo
cxadeba
advice n darigeba,rCeva,Segoneba
accept/take ~ v rCevis miReba
constructive/useful ~ sasargeblo
rCeva
advise v darigeba,rCeva,Segoneba
advisable adj sasurveli(a)
adviser n mrCeveli
5
advisory board n mrCevelTa sabWo
advocate n v momxre,damcveli; dacva,
mxardaWera,mimxroba
fervent ~ mxurvale damcveli
adz n xowi
aerarium/aerarii n sing/pl Lat. saturnis
taZris xazina
aerial n avia/sahaero foto
aesthetic(al)(s) n adj esTetika,esTetikuri
aetiological adj etiologiuri
aetiology n etiologia
affair n movlena
affairs(see temporal) n pl saqme(eb)(n)i,samu-
Sao,moRvaweoba=cxovreba
affect v gavlena,dazaraleba,zemoqmedeba
affiance v pirobis micema daqorwinebaze
affianced adj daniSnuli(sacole/saqmro)
afficiate v eklesiaSi samsaxuri
afield adv mindvrad,mindorSi,velad/
velze
affiliate(ion) v n saTavis/sawyisis moZieba,
Tvalis gadevneba saTaveebze,gaer
Tianeba,SeerTebawevrad miReba,
ubedureba
affinity n (naTesauri/sulieri) siaxlove,
simpaTiis qona vinmes mimarT
affix (ation) v n mimagreba ramisa rameze,
rameze,xelis mowera=xelrTva
~ a seal v beWdis dasma sabuTze
affluence n simdidre,siWarbe
affluent n adj mdinaris wylis debiti;
mdidruli,Warbi
afford v nebis/saSualebis micema
afoot to v mzadyofnis gamoxatva
aforest(ation) v n tyis gaSeneba,gatyianeba
afraid predict.. adj SeSinebuli,SiSis
grZnoba
be ~ of sb/sth v SeSfoTeba,SiSi
after prep. adv conj. Semdeg,Semdgom; mas
Semdeg,rac...
not long ~ arcTu didi xnis mere, male
~ sb/sth adv msgavsad,mixedviT
afterlife n saiqio
aftermath(s) n ubedurebis/omis Sedegebi
afterwards adv Semdeg
again adv kvlav,kidev Tavidan,xelaxla
~ and ~ adv kvlav da kvlav
once ~ adv kidev erTxel
against prep. winaaRmdeg
~this/that background adv am/im fonze
agate n adj aqati(s)
age n v asaki,xana;daRvineba,momwifeba
 სარჩევი
~ of greatness didebis/zeobis xana
~ old adj ZvelisZveli,ZvelTaZveli
sb in his/her 30s or 40s vinme 30-40 wlis
sense of ~ siZvelis grZnoba
subadult ~ zrdausruli,umwifari
aged adj asakovani=drouli,wlovani,
mxcovani,xandazmuli
~between N and N years daaxloebiT
N da N asakisa
ageing ger dabereba,daZveleba,daRvine-
ba,momwifeba,xandazmuloba
agelong adj xangrZlivi(mag. tradicia)
ages n pl xanebi
in ~ adv xanebSi
agenda n dRis wesrigi
ager n Lat. miwa,miwis nakveTi,qveynis
kuTxe,samflobelo
agger n yrili
agglomerate(ion) n v mogroveba,Tavmoyra
agglunative/agglunating konstruqciulad
erTmaneTTan ZiriTadi birTviT da-
kavSirebuli nagebobebi,webovani ram
aggrandize(ment) v n gandideba
self ~ TviTgandideba
aggregate(ion) v n adj dagroveba,erTob-
lioba,Tavmoyra,mogroveba
dis ~ danawevreba, daSla
agnatical adj tomobrivi
Agnus Dei Lat. RvTis kravi
agora n Gr. agora
agrapha n agrafa
agraphe n agrafi (ix.balTa)
agrarian adj sasoflo-sameurneo
early ~ adresamiwaTmoqmedo
agree v daTanxmeba,Tanxvedra,damTxveva
agreed adj SeTanxmebuli,Sejerebuli
not ~ adj SeuTanxmebeli
agreement n SeTanxmeba=xelSekruleba,
Tanxmoba,garigeba,morigeba,po-
litikuri traqtati
agricultural adj sasoflo-sameurneo,sami-
waTmoqmedo,memindvreoba
~ activities/ecinimy soflis meurneoba
~ implements sasoflo-sameurneo
iaraRebi
pre ~ adresamiwaTmoqmedo
agriculturalist n memindvre=miwaTmoqmedi
agriculture n memindvreoba=miwaTmoqme-
deba
plough ~ saxnavi miwaTmoqmedeba
agropastoral adj memindvre-mesaqonle(oba)
agropastoralist n memindvre-mesaqonle
6
ahead adv win(aswar)(aris)(swrafva)
aid n v saSualeba,daxmareba,damxmare
aide n TanaSemwe
Aide-de-camp n Fr, adiutanti
ailing adj avadmyofi, susti
aim n v mizani; damizneba,miSvera,dapi-
reba(gaakeTo/Tqva rame)
main ~ mTavari mizani
aimed adj gamiznuli,damiznebuli
aimless(ly) adj adv umizno
air n adj v haeri(s), ganiaveba=haeris
gawmenda
~ dried adj haerze gamomSrali
~ dry v ~ gamoSroba
~ hole=wind ~ n sasule=sahaero(Tonis/
quris)
~ shaft/vent n sahaero/haergamwmendi
xvreli/Saxti
aisle n gasavleli rigebs Soris, ramis
garsSemosavleli sivrce,nefi=gverdi
diTi minaSeni eklesiaze
cross ~(see transept) eklesiis ganivi ne-
fi=transepti
akin adj monaTesave,naTesavi,axlobeli,
msgavsi
alabaster n adj alabastri(s),alabastroni
alas! int. samwuxarod, vai,rom...
albeit conj Tumc(a), da mainc...
Album graecum n adj ZaRlis pilwa(si)(mc
alchemist n alqimikosi
alchemy n alqimia
alcove n ganjina,TaxCa,niSa,walo
alder tree n adj Txmela/Txmelis=muryani/
murynis
alert to sth v miTiTeba,rom…
Alexandrite n adj aleqsandriti(s)
alied adj mokavSire(Ta)
alien adj gadmoRebuli,ucxo(eli)
~ domination ucxoelTa batonoba
align with sb v TanamSromloba/kavSiri
vinmesTan
aligned adj erT rigSiganlagebuli/Cawyo
bili,Carigebuli,erT rigad dawyo-
bili
align(ment) v n erT xazze ganlageba,rigSi
Cawyoba,SeerTeba
alight v Camosvla(transportidan,cxeni-
dan,Camovakeba(daRmarTidan)
alike predict. adj (erTmaneTis) msgavsi
adv erTnairad
alive adj cocxali
keep ~ v cocxlad SenarCuneba
 სარჩევი
all adj pron adv yvela,yoveli,sul,yvela-
feri,yvelani
~ embracing adj yovlismomcveli
~ ~ study kompleqsuri Seswavla
~ in one mTliani=erTi mTeli
~ kinds of… yvelanairi,yovelgvari
~ the same miuxedavad imisa,rom…
~ and singular yvela da TiToeuli
~ of a sudden moulodnelad,uceb
~ together=altogether yvela erTad
in ~ mTlianad,mTlianobaSi,sul,Sede-
gad,jamSi
in ~ likelihood yvelanairi niSniT
all-powerful adj yovlisSemZle
all-wise adj yovlad brZeni
allege v gacxadeba ramis,mtkiceba
alleged adj moCvenebiTi,yalbi,savaraudo
~conspiracy with sb savaraudo SeTqmu-
leba vinmesTan vinmes winaaRmdeg
~liniage of sb vinmes savaraudod ufro
keTilSobiluri warmomavloba
allegedly adv (TiTqos) usafuZvlo(d)
allegiance n xelisuflebis morCileba
~ from…to… vasaloba=xelisuflebis
morCileba
alert to sth miTiTeba,rom…
alien adj ucxo(uri), aradamaxasiaTebeli
alignment n ganlageba,mdebareoba
along with sth (raRac) raRacasTan erTad
alleviate v Semsubuqeba,Serbileba,Semci-
reba
alley n quCa(bandi),Sesaxvevi
~ way n gasasvleli
alliance n kavSiri
in ~ with adv kavSirSi vinmesTan
Almighty (the) n yovlisSemZle=RmerTi
Almirary Theba ambioni sinagogaSi,saidan-
ac ikiTxeba Tora
allocate(ion) v n dadgena,Tanxis daniSvna
gamoyofa
allure v datyvveba,mizidva,moxibvla,Sec-
dena=cduneba
allow v nebis darTva,ramis daSveba,saSu-
alebis micema
allowable adj dasaSvebi,nebadarTuli
allowance n gasamrjelo
allowed adj nebadarTuli
alloy v n adj Sednoba,Senadnobi(s)
allude v daeyrdno vinmes/rames,moixsenio
~to above mentiond zemoxsenebulis mi-
xedviT
~ to the shape of sth raime formis msga-
7
vsi
allumina n adj Tixamiwa/miwis
allurement n cduneba,mizidulobis Zala
allusive adj uxilavi
alluvial adj danaleqi
alluvium/alluvia n adj Lat. danaleqi fena/
qani,konglomerati
ally n mokavSire
almandine n adj almandini(s)=wiTeli ia-
gundi(s)
almandinite n adj Zowi(s)
almond(y) n adj nuSi(s)(ebri)
almost adv TiTqmis
~ immediately after sth adv dauyovnebliv
(TiTqmis) maSinve
alone adv ganmartoebiT,marto,calke,
cal-calke
~ of sth adv mxolod
let ~ sth Tavi rom davaneboT...
~ stand(ing) calke dgas/mdgomi
along adv gaswvriv,sigrZiv,gayolebiT
~ the axis RerZze,RerZis gaswvriv
~ with sb/sth… prep. vinmesTan/ramesTan
alongside adv gverdiT,erTad
~one another adv erTmaneTis miyole-
biT
run ~ gasdevs
~with adv vinmesTan/ramesTan erTad
alongate(d) v adj wagrZeleba/wagrZelebu-
li
aloofness n ampartavneba
alotment n nawyalobevi miwa
alphabetic(al) adj anbanuri
~ list anbanze dalagebuli nusxa/sia
alpine adj alpuri,maRalmTiani
already adv ukve
~ familiar Cveuli,Cveulebrivi
also adv ...c, agreTve
altar n bagini.bomoni, sakurTxeveli,sam-
sxverplo
fire ~ cecxlis taZari
~ of peace mSvidobis samsxverplo
~ piece samsxverplos ukana xati
sacrifial ~ warmarTuli samsxverplo
side ~ egvteri=ekvderi
alter(ation) v n (Se)cvla,(saxe)cvlileba
altered adj Secvlili, saxecvlili
in ~ form Secvlili saxiT,saxecvlili
alternating adj cvladi,cvalebadi
alternative adj magieri=Semcvleli=meore,
sxva
~ to sth ramis magieri
 სარჩევი

although conj. pron. amasTan,TiTqos,Tum- amidst adv Soris(ramdenime rames)

c(a),miuxedavad imisa,rom… ammunition n aRkazmuloba,aRWurviloba
altitude n simaRle,samSeneblo done,nacx- ~ pounch n sasafante kilita
ovrebi fena among(st) pron Soris...
at an ~ simaRleze(zRvis donidan, sazo amount n raodenoba
gadoebaSi) ~(s) to raRac aRwevs raRac zomas/
altogether adv erTbaSad,sul,yvela erT- farTobs, moicavs
Tad,sruliad/srulebiT in ~ of… raRac raodenobiT...
altun n alTuni (moneta) large (in) ~ of sth didi raodenoba ramis
alumna/alumnae n sing/pl Lat.(AmE) mos- small ~ /part of sth mcire ~ ~
wavle/studenti gogo/qali amphictyony n amfiqtioni
alumnus/alumni n sing/pl Lat. (AmE) mos- amphitheater n amfiTeatri
wavle/studenti vaJi amphitryon n amfitrioni
alumni n (AmE) kursdamTavrebuli(qali/ amphityron n amfitironi
kaci) amphora/amphorae n sing/pl Lat. amfora
always adv yovelTvis ~ pendant n ~ sakidi
amadeu n adj abedi(s) ~ rhyton n ~ ritoni
amaranth=Amaranthus gen. Lat. n adj ji- ~ tara=carrying=transport ~ n ~ tara
jilaya(si) ~ with a pointed saucer n quslwvetiani~
amass(ed) n adj dagroveba/dagrovili, ~ with interception n welwvrili ~
Tavmoyra/Tavmoyrili,koleqciis Sekreba
bell ~ n zarisebri ~
amateur n adj moxalise.moyvaruli=di-
carrot-shaped ~ n stafilisebri ~
letanti,gauwafavi
jar-like ~ n ~ dergi
amaze(d)(ing) v adj gaogneba,gamaognebeli
neck ~ n maRalyeliani ~
ambassador/ambassadress n elCi kaci/qa-
Puglia ~ n apuliis ~
li (ix. saelCo)
spindle-shaped ~ n TiTistarisebri ~
amber n adj qarva/qarvis,sunamo
storing ~ n maragis Sesanaxi ~
~ Fauna mweri/cxoveli qarvaSi
amphoriskos/amphoriskoi n sing/pl Gr. amfo-
~ Flora mcenare qarvaSi
riski
ambergris n adj ambra/ambris
ample adj v mkveTri,mkafio,mniSvnelova-
ambience n garemo
ni,uxvi;mdidari,tevadi, sarze gasma
ambiguity n bundovaneba,daudgenloba,ga-
~ confirmation of sth mkafio dasturi ra-
urkvevloba,orazrovneba
misa
ambiguous(ly) adj adv bundovani/bundov-
~ evidence uxvi monapovari,saukeTeso
nad,arazusti/zustad,aramkafio(d),ga-
sabuTi ramisa
urkveveli/gaurkvevlad,gaugebari/ga-
~ scientific heritage mdidari mecnieruli
ugebrad,orazrovani/orazrovnad,sa-
memkvidreoba
eWvod
amplification n gaZliereba,gadideba,zrda,
ambition n urvili,miswrafeba,swrafva,pa-
,mateba
tivmoyvareoba
amplified adj gaZlierebuli,gafarToebu-
ambo n ambioni,safsalmune
li
ambulatory n daxuruli galerea,TaRnari
amplify v gaZliereba,gadideba,gafarTo-
arkada,garsSemosavleli
eba,ganviTareba,zrda
ambush v n Casafreba;safari(Casasafrebe-
amply adv aSkarad,TvalnaTliv,Tvalsa-
li)
Cinod,mkafiod,mSvenivrad,uxvad
ameliorate(ion) v n gaumjobeseba
~ demonstrated uxvad warmodgenili,
amenable adj damjere,damyoli,morCili,
mSvenivrad Cans...
pasuxismgebeli vinme
amulet n avgarozi,Tilisma
amenably adv morCilad
amuletic adj avgarozisa,Tilismisa
amendment n Sesworeba
~ power Tilismis Zala
move an ~ v Sesworeba,Sesworebis
amuse (ment) v n garToba,gancxroma,
Setana
siamovneba
amethyst n adj amrTvisto(si)

8
 სარჩევი

anager n kanjari angel n angelozi

anachronism n anaqrinizmi ~ food sakulto kveri(ix.sefiskveri)
anachronistic adj anaqronistuli Angelica n adj tyis angeloza(si), Angeli-
anaerobic adj uhaero(ba)(Si) Ca hirsuta Lat.
analogous adj analogiuri anger n v sibraze,mrisxaneba; gabrazeba,
analyses/analysis n analizi ganrisxeba,gajavreba
artistic ~ mxatvruli ~ angle n kuTxe,kuTxisa,kuTxeSi,mimarTu-
catchment ~ gamowvlilviTi ~ leba,sakiTxisadmi midgoma
analyze v analizi,gaanalizeba acute ~/ arris/closed ~ maxvili kuTxe
anaphora/anaphorae n sing/pl Gr. anafora at ~ with sth kuTxiT ramesTan
anathema n Gr. anaTema blunt/obtuce ~ blagvi kuTxe
anathemise v Gr anaTemaze gadacema crossing ~ gadakveTis ~
anatomical adj anatomiuri ~ degree kuTxis gradusi
0
~ order ~ wesrigi flat/straight ~ gaSlili ~ 180
anatomy n anatomia interior/internal ~
ancestor(s) n gvaris fuZemdebeli=wina- intersecting ~ gadakveTis ~
pari,mamebi=winaprebi ~ iron n kuTxovana liTonis
ancestral to adj winamorbedi=winmswrebi. mitre ~ 450-iani ~
manmade arsebuli,memkvidreobiTi, obtuse ~ blagvi ~
sagvareulo pilyhedral ~ mravalkuTxa ~
~ property mama-papeuli,memkvidreobi- right ~ swori ~
Ti qoneba salient ~ gamoSverili ~
ancestry n warmomavloba=memkvidreoba, skew ~ daxrili ~
gvariSviloba,winaprebi=mamebi quadrantal ~ Sveuli ~
anchor n v Ruza,Ruzaze dayeneba=Ru- quoin (ing) ~ Sida ~
zis CaSveba,ankeri(T) damagreba vertical ~ Sveuli ~
~ like adj Ruzisebri quadrantal ~ marTi kuTxe=900
anchorage n ankeriT damagreba tilt n daxrilobis kuTxe
anchorite n anaqoreti=meudabnoe=dayude- angobaged adj mowernaqebuli,wernaqiani
buli beri =angobiani
anciency n siZvele,saukuneTa siRrme angobe n adj v wernaqi(s),mowernaqeba
in ~ saukuneTa siRrmeSi,Zvelad angular(see stone) adj dakuTxuli,kuTxisa,
ancient n adj brZenkaci; gardasuli,sauku- kuTxovani
neobrivi,Zalian Zveli,Zveleburi, animal n adj cxoveli,pirutyvi,cxovelu-
ZvelisZveli,warsuli ri
in ~ times adv Zvelad ~ husbandry n mesaqonleoba
the most ~ adj uZvelesi large domestic ~ msxvilfexa saqoneli
anciently adv ZvelTaganve small ~ ~ wvrilfexa ~
ancillary adj damatebiTi,damxmare prance(d) ~ wina fexebze mdgomi cxo-
~ chamber n damxmare saTavsi veli
and conj da (kavSiri) rampart ~ ukana ~ ~ ~
~ beyond… da Semdeg... ~ scene(s) cxoveluri scena/scenebi
~ finally… da bolos... ~ shed n boseli,saCexi,saqonlis sad-
~ more particularly da ufro zustad… gomi,qalta
~ not even all that… da ara marto es… taunt(ing) ~ Sxamiani cxoveli
~ so… da amdenad... animalistic adj cxoveluri
~ so forth/on da ase Semdeg=a.S. animate(ion) v n gacocxleba
~ such like da msgavsni animated adj gacocxlebuli
andiron(see trivet) n samfexi(cecxlze da- anklet n sakanWuri,fexis rgoli(samkla-
sadgmeli) uri)
androgen n qalis msgavsi kaci annal n erTi wlis matiane=anali
anew v ga(n)axleba,xelaxla dawyeba annals n pl analebi,matiane

9
 სარჩევი

annalist n mematiane si(ix. kramiti)

anneal v mironcxeba,gaxureba,(gamo)wva/ antenuptial adj qorwinebamdeli
wrToba anteroom n wina oTaxi,holi
anneal(ed) v adj liTonis gaxureba; mom- anthem n tropari,saxelmwifo himni
wvari anther n mtvriana
annex(ation) v n mimateba,mibma,miSeneba, anthropogenetic adj anTropogenuri=ada-
teritoriis mierTeba=aneqsia,dakav- mianis mier Seqmnili
Sireba; danarTi (rameze) anthropoid n adamianisebri/msgavsi
annex(ed) n adj minaSeni; mibmuli,miSene- anthropologist n anTropologi
buli,aneqsirebuli anthropology n anTropologia
annihilate(d)(ion) v n adj ganadgureba,ga- anthropomorphous adj anTropomorfuli
nadgurebuli anticing adj mimzidveli
annniversary n wlisTavi anticipate(ion) v n molodini,winaTgrZno-
celebrate ~ wlisTavis zeimi/zeimoba ba,SorsmWvreteloba
mark ~ ~ aRniSvna anticipated adj mosalodneli,SorsmWvre-
annona/annonae n sing/pl Lat. wlis mosa- teluri
vali be ~ v iyo SorsmWvreteli
annotate(ion) v n ganmarteba,anotacia antilogy n Seusabamo termini(ramisTvis)
announce(ment) v n gancxadeba,Setyobi- antilope n niamori,qurciki
neba antimonite n adj anTimoniti(s)
annual(ly) adj adv (yovel)wliuri/wliur- antimony n adj anTimoni(s)
ad,weliwdeuli antiquarian n antikvari(adamiani)
annul v gauqmeba,anulireba antiquary n antikvari(nivTi)
annular adj rgolisebri,wriuli antiquated adj dromoWmuli,moZvelebuli,
~ ring(s) xis zrdis(wliuri)rgol(eb)i Zvelmoduri
annulary n araTiTi=usaxelo TiTi antique adj antikuri,antikvaruli,Zvele-
Annunciation (the)=Annunciation to Mary n buri
xareba=RvTismSoblis mimarT antiquities n pl siZveleebi
gamocxadeba antiquity n antikuroba,siZvele
Annunciator n maxarebeli in ~ antikur droSi,Zvelad
anoint n adj zeTi(s)=nelsacxeb(e)li(s) extreme ~ Rrma/Soreuli warsuli
anoint(ment) v n mironcxeba,nelsacxeb- antirust adj Jangis/koroziis
cxeba/wasma sawinaaRmdego
anomalous adj anomaluri antiseismic adj antiseismuri
anonymous=anon. adj usaxelo,ucnobi, antler prong n irmis rqis tots
anonimuri
~industry irmis rqis warmoeba
answer n v pasuxi
~ rod n ~ ~ Reri/Rero
answerable adj pasuxismgebeli,pasuxgasa-
~tine n ~ ~ wanazardi
cemi
~ tool n ~ ~ iaraRi
answered adj napasuxebi,pasuxgacemuli
antlers n pl only irmis qorbuda rqebi
not ~ adj pasuxgaucemeli,upasuxo
anxious adj mowadinebuli
answering adj sapasuxo
any pron. raime,romelime
anta/antae n sing/pl Lat. ante=anti
in ~ case adv ramenairad,yvela/yovel
antecedence n winswreba=upiratesoba
SemTxvevaSi
antecedent adj (wina)morbedi/pari,winmsw-
~ body pron vinme
rebi
~ thing " rame
antecedents n pl pirovnebis/pirovneba-
~ way adv rogorme,rogorRac,yo-
Ta warsuli(istoria)
vel/yvela SemTxvevaSi
antedate v daZveleba=xanis momateba,win-
~ where av sadme,yvelgan
swreba
apadana n apadana
antedating adj raime,rac ukana ricxviT
apart adv prep garda,calke
aTariRebs rasme
~ from sb/sth garda vinmesi/ramisa
antefixa/antefixorum n sing/pl Lat. antefiq-

10
 სარჩევი
~of sb/sth calke vinmesgan/ramisgan
apartment n sacxovrisi,sacxovrebeli
ape n adamianisebri maimuni
aperture n naprali, xvreli
apex/apexes=apices n wveri,umaRlesi
wertili,mwvervali
at the ~ of …mwvervalze(ostatobis)
apiculture n mefutkreoba
apiece(d) v adj danawevreba/danawevrebu-
naWrebad daWra/daWrili
apocryphal adj apokrifuli
apoicia/apoiciae n sing/pl Lat. apoikia
apoikiai ? n Gr. apoikia
apology n apologia
apostacy=apostasy n rwmenisgan gandgoma,
rjulis Ralati
apostil n SeniSvna wignis aSiaze
apostle n qristes mociquli
apostolic adj samociqulo
apothecary n afTiaqari
apotropaic adj apotrofuli
apparatus n aparati,xelsawyo
~ of state saxelmwifo aparati
apparel n v morTuloba,Sesamoseli,Se-
mosva
appareled adj Semosili,morTuli(mag,xati)
apparent adj aSkara/TvalnaTlivi,moCvene-
biTi,naTeli,SedarebiT cnobili(a),
udao
apparently adv aSkarad,TvalnaTliv,uda-
od,ueWvelad,amdenad..,savaraudod
Sedegad
appeal v mimarTo vinmes TxovniT
appear v gamoCena,movlena=movlineba,
amotivtiveba(ara wylidan)A
~ in certain manner gamoCena raRac sa-
xiT/formiT
~ to light gamoCena,gamoaSkaraveba,dRis
naTleze gamosvla
make an ~ v gamoCena=movlineba
appearance n garegnuli iersaxe=gamome-
tyveleba,saxe,Sesaxedaoba,garegnoba,
gamomoCena
in ~ adv garegnobiT,garegnulad,sa-
xiT,gamometyvelebiT
~of sb/sth vinmes/ramis gamoCena
with the ~ of sb/sth vinmes/ramis gamo-
CenasTan erTad
fleeting ~ moulodneli gamoCena
…appears to be… v Cans...
~ to run through… v Cans,moicavs...
appease v damSvideba,morjuleba,gaad-
11
vileba,Serbileba daZabulobis
appellation n dasaxeleba,saxelwodeba,sa-
xeli
appendage n danamati ramis, danarTi
wignis
appendix/appendices=appendixes n sing/pl .
Lat. danarTi naSromze(ilustra-
ciebisaxelTa saZiebeli a.S),dama-
teba(ni),SeniSvna naSromis bolos
apple (tree) n adj vaSli(s) xe/xis
~ of discord ganxeTqilebis vaSli
applicable adj vargisi,gamosadegi,Sesaba-
misi
~ for sth adj misadagebuli
applicant n ganmcxadebeli,mTxovneli,
maZiebeli
application n Txovna,gancxadeba,mimarT-
va
applied adj raime TandarTuli rameze
~ to ewodeba rame,exeba rames,erTvis
raime rasme
~ arts gamoyenebiTi xelovneba
applique n kilita,zoli,naqargi
~ design daZerwili ornamenti
apply v gancxadebiT/TxovniT mimarTva,
wasma ramisa rameze,daZerwva,miZer-
wva,misadageba,Tan darTva ramisa
rameze,gadasma,Selesva,SeRebva
~ oneself on doing sth Tavis Sewirva
saqmisTvis
appoint v gadasaxadis dadgena/Sewera,
memkvidris gamocxadeba,dagegmva,
Tanamdebobaze daniSvna,(drois/Sex-
vedris) daniSvna
appointed adj dadgenili,moniSnuli,
moxazuli,Sewerili
appointment n paemani,Sexvedra,Tanamde-
boba
apportion(ed) v adj gamoyofa/gamoyofili,
ganawileba/ganawilebuli
apportune(ly) adj adv drouli,droulad
appraise(d) v adj Seaseba,Sefasebuli
appreciate(ion) v n dafaseba,Sefaseba,aRi-
areba
in ~ for sth Sefaseba damsaxurebisamebr,
ramis SefasebisaTvis…
appreciated adj aRiarebuli,dafasebuli
apprentice n v Segirdi,Segirdad ayvana
apprenticeship n Segirdoba,Segirdobis/
swavlis periodi; moRvaweobis/saq-
mianobis (da)sawyisi
apprenticing ger Segirdad ayvana
appreciate(ion) v n dafaseba,gansazRvra,
 სარჩევი
Sefaseba
approach n v miaxloeba,damokidebuleba/
midgoma vinmesadmi/ramisadmi
~ to problem sakiTxisadmi midgoma
in ~ for sth damsaxurebisamebr Sefase-
ba,ramis SefasebisaTvis
approaches(see access) n pl misadgomebi
on the ~ of… misadgomebTan…
approachless adj miudgomeli,miuwvdome-
li,Seuwvdomeli
appropriate adj vargisi,misadagebuli,mor-
gebuli,saTanado,saWiro,Sesabamisi
Sesaferisi; v miTviseba
~ position morgebuli/Sesabamisi adgi-
li/mdgomareoba
appropriatness n drouloba,vargisiano-
ba,Sesabamisoba
approval n Tanxmoba
approve v daTanxmeba=aRiareba,miReba
~ a bill v kanonproeqtiskanonis miReba
~ a request Txovnis dakmayofileba
approved adj aRiarebuli,miRebuli,Se-
Tanxmebuli
approximate adj daaxloebiTi,miaxloebi-
Ti,miaxloeba,raRac sizustiT
v daaxloeba/miaxloeba gamoTvlisas
approximated adj daaxloebiT,miaxlo-
ebiTi,miaxloebuli
approximately adv daaxloebiT,miaxlo-
ebiT
approximating to… miaxloebiT raime ci-
frTan
~ to some shape miaxlebiT raime for-
masTan
approximation n miaxloeba raime cifr-
Tan
appurtenances n pl aucilebeli nivTebi
April n aprili=vardobisai=igrika
Aprakos Gr. samociqulo(sakiTxavi teqs-
ti)
apron n feStamali=winsafari
apse n absida=afsida
perched out ~ Sverili afsida
extending/projecting ~ win waweuli afsi-
da
apsidal adj absiduri=afsiduri
apt v morgeba,misadageba
adj vargisi,misadagebuli,morgebuli,
maxvili,upriani,Sesabamisi,Sesafe-
risi,gamosadegi,zusti
aptitude(in sth) n vargisianoba,saTanadooba
niWi,unari,Sesabamisoba
aptly adv zustad,morgebulad,kargad,saqm-
12
is codniT,Sesabamisad
~ fitted adj morgebuli (detali/samosi)
aquamarine n adj akvamarini(s) fff
aquate(d) sth with sth v adj gaTanabreba/ga
Tanabrebuli(rame ramesTan)
aquation n gaTanabrebuli
aqueduct n akveduki
arable adj sarwyavi/damuSavebuli miwa
aragonite n adj aragoniti(s)
arak n adj Arab. arayi/aryis
arbitrarily adv despoturad,TviTneburad
arbitration n saSuamavlo ganxilva/sasa-
marTlo
arbor n adj maRlari(s) vazi(s)=babilo
arboreal vegetation xeze asuli sxva mce-
nare
arboriculture n mebaReoba,mexileoba
arc=ark n rkali (wrewiris nawili)
~around Semorkaluli
~ boundant TaRiani (sa)bjeni,iaqTaRi=
kontrforsi
arcade(see town) n TaRedi=TaRnari,fun-
duki,qarvasla
arch n adj pref. TaRi(s),kamara,(naxevar)
wriuli gumbaTi
above/over ~ TaRszeda/kamariszeda ~
basket ~ samcentriani TaRi
corbel(ed) ~ Sveriliani/cru ~
discharging/relieving ~ ganmtvirTavi/Se-
mamsubuqebeli ~
flat/straight ~ brtyeli ~
full(perfect/round head) ~ naxevarwriuli~
horseshoe ~ nalisebri/mavritanuli ~
intrados n TaRis Sida zedapiri
~ like adj TaRisebri
perfect/rounded ~ naxevarwriuli ~
stilted ~ cicabo ~
stiltered ~ svetebze dayrdnobili TaRi
strainer ~ unagira TaRi
~ way TaRnari, TaRedi
archaeology(er)(ist) n arqeologi
archaeological adj arqeologiuri
~ complex/context arqeologiuri komp-
leqi/konteqsti
~riches arqeologiuri simdidreebi
archaeologically adv arqeologiurad
~ attested ~ dadasturebuli
~ located ~ dadgenili mdebareoba
~ traced ~ dadasturebuli(mag.va-
raudi)
archangel n mTavarangelozi
archbishop n mTavarepiskoposi,meufe(o) !
 სარჩევი

arqiepiskoposi areal n are(ali)

archbishopric adj episkoposoba,saepisko- areaway n gasasvleli Senobebs Soris,)
poso (gars)Semosavleli sivrce
archdeacon n mTavardiakoni/diakvani arena/arenae n sing/pl Lat. arena
archdiocese adj saepiskoposo argasteriarchos n Gr. xelosanTuxucesi
arched adj gumbaTiani,TaRiani,morkalu- argillaceous adj Tixovani,Tixis Semcveli
li,moSvilduli,rkalisebri.rka- arguable adj sadao,sakamaTo
luri arguably adj adv sadao(d),risi damtkice-
archer n moisari,mSvildosani bac SeiZleba,sakamaTod
skilled mounted ~ cxenosani moisari me- argue v Tqma,gacxadeba,mtkiceba ramis,
omari moTxovna,kamaTi,mtkiceba,darwmun-
archery n mSvildosnoba ba vinmesi
archetype n arqetipi ~against/for mtkiceba ramisa sawinaaR-
arching adj morkaluli Mdegod/sasargeblod
architecture n xuroTmoZRvreba ~ along the line of sb ramis mtkiceba
civil ~ saero ~ vinmes azris mixedviT/vinmesTan
ecclesiastical ~ saeklesio ~ erTad
sacral ~ ritualuri/saritualo ~ ~for sth raRac miuTiTebs/laparakobs
archival adj saarqivo raRacas/raRacaze
archive v arqivSi qona/Senaxva,daarqi- ~ that… v amtkico,rom...
veba argument n v sabuTi/argumenti,dasabu-
archive(s) n arqivi,siZveleTa sacavi Teba
archivolt n adj Ital. arqivolti(s) base sb's ~ on sth v dayrdnoba raime
~ with three fasciae ~ sami lilvakiT argumentze
archpriest n dekanozi by ~ am/im sabuTiT/argumentiT...
architrave n adj Fr. arqitravi(s) dismiss ~ uaryo argumenti
~ with two fasciae ~ ori lilvakiT arid adj mSrali=uwylo
voussoir ~ solisebri ~ ~ gully mSralxevi,mSrali kanioni
archwise adv adj TaRisebr(i),.kamari- ~ spell gvalva
sebr(i) aridity n uwyloba,mSralxevi
ard(ous) adj mZime,Sromatevadi,Zneli aridness n simSrale,uwyloba
area n adgili,are,arqeologiuri Zeg- arise v adgoma,amosvla,gamoCena,wamodgo-
li,miwis nakveTi,(samuSao)moedani, ma,wamo(i)Wra,gaCena,Casaxva
kvlevis sfero,dargi,sivrce,teri- ~ of art xelovnebis gaCena/Casaxva
toria velze,zedapiri,moedani,far- ~ a discussion kamaTis gaCaReba
Tobi aristocracy n aristokratia,warCinebulni
~cobbled ~ kenWebiT mofenili moeda- aristocrat n aristokrati,warCinebuli
ni Ark of Covenant(see Aron…) n (ebraelTa)
~of discussion gansaxilvel sakiTxTa aRTqmis/rwmenis kidobani,Toras Se-
wre sanaxi karada sinagogaSi
~of human habitation nasaxlari,namo- arm n mklavi
saxlari stubby arms mokle mklavebi
~ sketch kroki (fr) armila/armilae n sing/pl Lat. armila
adjoining ~ mosazRvre/mezobeli teri- armillariella mellea n adj manWkavala soko
toria armistice n zavi brZolebs Soris
building ~ samSeneblo moedani armlet n samklauri,mklavis rgoli(sam-
extensive ~ didi/vrceli teritoria kauli)
in ~ … farTobiT… armour n (abjar)saWurveli,aRWurvilo-
grey ~ bundovani/gaurkveveli(mag.teqs- ba,javSani,SeiaraReba
tSi) ~manufacture iaraRis warmoeba
over a wide ~ did farTobze scales of ~ abjris firfitebi
total ~ sruli farTobi suite of ~ abjari=javSani(sruli

13
 სარჩევი

nakrebi) ~ barbed deltoid wit a tang orkapa-

breast plate n samkerduli yunwiani ~
cover for thigh=thigh band sabarkuli ~ deltoid orfrTiani ~ mokle yunwiT
elbow cover=gantlet=gauntlet=pass gu- ~ ~ longtanged orfrTiani ~ grZe-
ard n saidayve li yunwiT
gordet n sayelo ~ elliptic/spatulate elifsisebri ~
knee cover/guard n muxlsafari ~ hollow-based fuZeamoRebuli ~
over-sleeve n samklauri ~ lanceolate lancetisebri ~
leg-armour,shin-pad n sawvive ~ leaf-shaped foTlisebri ~
braser,wrist-cover/guard n majis sfari ~ liniar fiTxisebri ~
armourer n abjrosani,meabjre meomari/ ~ loznge-shaped rombisebri ~
xelosani,saWurvelTmtvirTveli ~ oblonged wagrZelebuli ~
armoury=arsenal n sajabadro ~ ogee ~ ormxrivdaqanebuli mxre-
Armoury Museum n palata=sacavi biT
arms n pl. gerbi=Rerbi, raime sabrZolo ~ ovate ovaluri ~
iaraRi ~ pointed wamaxulwvetiani ~
army n adj jari,saomari ~ pricker-shaped sadgisisebri ~
mass an ~ v jaris Segroveba ~ Scythian skviTuri ~
aroma n surneli ~ stinge-like/shaped nestrisebri ~
aromatic adj surnelovani ~ tanged and barbed frTebdaSvebuli~
~ ointment n adj nelsacxebeli ~ with a groove on one side gverdamo-
Aron ha-kodeshi Ark(see Ark…) rwmenis ki- Raruli ~
dobani=Toras Sesanaxi karada ~ with a shaft yunwiani ~
around adv gars,garSemo,daaxloebiT blade of an ~ isriswveris mWreli piri
~ the circumference adv rkalis garSemo point/tip ~ ~ ~ wveti
~ the world adv mTels qveynierebaze rib ~ ~ ~ qedi
arrange v gamarTva,dalageba,mogvareba, stem ~ ~ ~ fuZe
mowyoba,daTqma,(mo)mzadeba,organizeba tang ~ ~ ~ yunwi
~closely v erTad Sekvra arsenal n arsenali=sajabadro
~the material masalis dalageba arsenic(al) n adj dariSxani(s)
arranged adj gamarTuli,dalagebuli, arsenious adj dariSxaniani
mogvarebuli,mowyobili,daTqmu- art(see arts) n adj xelov(a)neba,samxatvro
li,momzadebuli,organizebuli, awareness of ~ xelovnebis gageba/
SeTanxmebuli codna
arrangement n mowyoba=organizeba,Sex- captivating ~ Tvalwarmtaci/momxibla-
vedra=paemani,nageboba=Senoba,da- vi xelovneba
gegmareba,ganTavseba,ganlageba,ga-
clandestine ~ market xelovnebis ni-
nawileba,danawevreba
muSTa Savi bazari
arrangements n pl. mzadeba,mosamzadebe-
~ critic=master of arts n xelovnebaTm-
lisamuSao(ebi),zomebi
codne
array n v mwkrivi,simravle,jari,Cacmu-
~ criticism n xelovnebaTmcodneoba
loba,Cacmeva
decorative arts ferwera
arrest n v dapatimreba,daWera
folk ~ xalxuri xelovneba
arris n sagnis qedi,wibo,maxvili kuTxe
~ form xelovnebis forma
~ with fillet kexiani/nawiburiani qedi
~history xelovnebis istoria
arrival n Camosvla,gamoCena,misvla,Semo-
hybrid ~ hibriduli xelovneba
svla,gamoCena, raRac drois dadgoma
~minor mcire plastika
arrive v Camosvla(soflidan,qalaqidan,
monumental ~ monumenturi xelovneba
qveynidan),romelime xanis dadgoma
~ object=object of ~ xelovnebis nimuSi
arrow n isari
of warfare omis xelovneba
~shaft isrispiris yunwi
pictorial ~ saxviTi xelovneba
arrowhead n isrispiri/wveri
representative ~ saxviTi xelovneba

14
 სარჩევი

~ style ~ stili ~ degree xelovnebaTmcodneobis sa-

articulate(ion) n v Tqma,metyveleba, gadmo- mecniero xarisxi
cema/gamosaxva naxatze/qandakebaSi ~faculty ~ fakulteti
articulated adj gamoxatuli,gadmocemuli ~graduate ~ fakultetis kurs-
artifact= rtifact n (gaTxrebisas) napovni damTavrebuli
nivTi/nimuSi, artefaqti artwork n xelovnebis nawarmi/nimuSi
artefactual adj nivTieri arx/arcis n sing/pl Lat. akropoli,kremli,
article n sagani,nivTi,naSromi,statia citadeli,cixesimagre
~ has evolved from… naSromi Seiqmna… aryballos/aryballoi n sing/pl Lat. aribalo-
current ~ winamdebare naSromi si
illuminating ~ ganmartebiTi ~ as… conj. adv radgan..,rogorc..,ramdena-
artichoke n adj artiSoki=Cynara Scolumus dac
Lat. ~a consequence rogorc Sedegi
articles n pl nawarmi ~a general rule ~ wesi
finished ~ mza nawarmi ~a mark niSnad...(raRacisa)
artificial(ly) adj adv xelovnuri/xelovnur- ~a token of… niSnad, rogorc niSani,
ad garantia
artificiality n xelovnuroba ~a whole (rogorc) mTeli
artillery n artileria ~as far as ramdenadac
artisan n ostati,xelosani ~ if TiTqos,rogorc
~ skill (xelosnis) ostatoba ~followes amgvarad,amrigad
artisanship n xelosnebi (xalxi) ~for… rac Seexeba...
artist n mxatvari=fermweri ~just sth rogorc mxolod raRac...
artistic adj mxatvruli ~it seems TiTqos, rogorc Cans...
~ creativity ~ Semoqmedeba ~the name suggests saxelis(vinmes/
~expression mxatvruli gamosaxva ramis)mixedviT
~ licence ~ Tavisufleba ~ such rogorc aseTi...
~motif mxatvruli Tema/motivi ~ well as iseve,rogorc...
~ produqtion xelovnebis nimuSTa war- ascend v asvla sadme/taxtze
moeba ascending adj amavali,aRmavali
~ school (romelime)mimdinareoba xelov ascension n aRzeveba,asvla
nebaSi=skola Ascession Day (the)/Exaltation of the Cross
~ skill mxatvruli niWi jvarTamaRlebis dResaswauli
highly ~ maRalmxatvruli ascent v asvla,amaRleba
~ ~ craftsmanship ~ ostatoba ~ the throne v taxtze asvla
artistical adj mxatvruli ascertain v dadgena,dazusteba,danam-
artistically adv mxatvrulobis Tvalsazri- dvilebiT gageba ramis,Sedareba
siT ramisa ramesTan
artistry n gamomsaxveloba,mxatvruloba, scertained adj dadgenili,dazustebuli,
artistizmi,xelovaneba Sedarebuli
high ~ maRalmxatvruloba aschew v Tavis arideba/Sekaveba,mori-
artless(ness) adj n bunebrivi,gulwrfeli, deba
martivi,sada/sisadave,ubralo(eba) ascribe v miawero vinmes/rames rame
arts(see art) n xelovneba ~ a date daTariReba,daaTariRo rame
applied ~ gamoyenebiTi ~ ascribed adj miewereba vinmes/rames
decorative ~ dekoratiuli ~ ash n adj nacari/nacris,ferfli(s);sa-
fine ~ saxviTi ~ nacre
~ field xelovneba ~ tree n adj ifani/ifnis, Fraxinus gen.
master of ~ =art critic n xelovnebaT- ~ enriched nacriT ganoyierebuli
mcodne prickly ~ n adj circeli(s)/Wnavi(s),
museum of fine ~ xelovnebis muzeumi Sorbus Lat.
plastic ~ plastikuri ~ Ash Wednesday didmarxvis pirveli

15
 სარჩევი
dRe
ashes n pl nacari,neSti,wida,juRa
ashet n sini,langari
ashlar n adj (ga)Tlili/damuSavebuli
qva/qvis=qvaTlili(s)
~block gaTlili qva/fila
rough (hewn) ~ uxeSad gaTlili/damu-
Savebuli qva/fila
ashlar-block n adj (ga)Tlili qva
ashore adv napirze(zRvis)
ashy adj nacris,nacriani,nacrovani
aside adv gverdiT
ask(see asylum) v (Se)kiTxva,(mo)Txova,
Txovna
~hand in marriage xelis Txova(qalis-
Tvis)
askew adj dabrecili
asparagus n adj Asparagus officinalis
satacuri(s)
~var.Altiltis=Canto Lat. sakvebad vargisi
~officinalis Lat. samkurnalo
aspect n sakiTxi,aspeqti
aspen n adj alvis xe/xis
asphalt n adj asfalti(s)
aspiration n ltolva,miswrafeba,swrafva
aspire v ltolva,swrafva
aspiring adj gamalebuli,mZafri,swrafi
aspringle n aiazmis sasxurebeli
assassinated adj mokluli,mokvdinebuli
assassination n mokvla,mokvdineba,mkvle-
loba
~ attempt mkvlelobis mcdeloba
assassine n v mkvleli,mokvla/mokvdineba
assault n v SeiaraRebuli SeiaraRebuli
Tavdasxma,Seteva
assault on ~ Seteva/Tavdasma taxtze
assaulter n Tavdamsxmeli
assemblage n erTianoba,krebuli,nakrebi,
Semadgenloba,Sekreba,jgufi,ko-
Leqcia,nakrebi,inventari
assemble(d) v adj dajgufeba,Tavmoyra,Se-
kreba,Sekrebili xalxi
assembly n (Tav)yriloba,dasi=Tanamoaz-
reni,karavi=parlamenti,sakrebulo
~ place TavSeyris adgili
assert (ion) v n sakiTxis wamoyeneba,Sesis
xlxorceba,mtkiceba,rom...aRiareba...
mtkicebuleba
~ one’s rights vinmes uflebis dacva
assertive(ly) adj adv dadebiTi/dadebiTad,
damadasturebeli/damadastureblad
assertor n damcveli,momxre,qomagi
16
assess (ment) n v gaazreba,gansazRvra,
ramis dadgena,dabegvra,Sefaseba,
Seswavla, begara
asset(s) n pl (Raribi)adamianis memkvidre-
oba,faseuloba,qoneba
assiduous(ly) adj adv gulmodgine(d)
assidousness n gulmodgineba
assign(ed) to v adj mikuTvneba/mikuTvnebu-
li,drois/dRis daniSvna
~date gansazRvra TariRis,daTariReba
assist(ance) v n daxmareba,Tanadgoma,mo-
mowileobis miReba,xelSewyoba
assistant n adj damxnare,xelSemwyobi,Tana-
mdgomi,asistenti
associate n kolega; v gaziareba azri
kavSiri, urTierToba
~sth with sth gaazreba/dakavSireba ra-
misa ramesTan/gaazreba
associated adj gaazrebuli,dakavSirebuli
aRiarebuli,gaziarebuli
~ to each other urTierTdakavSirebuli
association n kavSiri,urTierToba,erToba
erToblioba,sazogadoeba
in~with sb/sth kavSirSi vinmesTan/rames-
Tan
assortment n asortimenti
wide range of ~ farTo ~
assume(d) v daskvnis gamotana,darwmune-
ba/darwmunebuli,miReba,miTviseba,
daSveba,varaudi
~supreme command umaRlesi mTavar-
sardlobis miReba
assumption n azri,daskvna,varaudi,Te-
oria,miwisZvra,mosazreba,moCvene-
biToba
Assumption (the) n miZineba (bibl)
assumptive adj dasaSvebi,savaraudo
assure v vinme darwmuneba,uzrunvelyofa
astonish(ed)(ment) v adj n gaoceba,gaoce-
buli
astonishing adj (ga)saocari
astragal/astragali n sing/pl Lat. rkali svet
ze(ornamenti)
astragalus/astragali n sing/pl Lat. astraga-
losi
astral adj ciuri
astride v gadakideba tvirTis/amxedreba
cxovelze
astute adj gamWriaxi
asylum n TavSesafari
ask for ~ TavSesafris moTxovna
~ seeker ~ maZiebeli
at pron. zed,gverdze,iqve, ……Si
 სარჩევი

~all times yvela droSi attained adj miRweuli,mopovebuli

~first glance/sight erTi SexedviT attempt n v cda,mcdeloba
~full length mTel sigrZeze,mTeli have an ~ scado...
sigrZiT attend v daswreba(raime RonisZiebaze),
~ ~ tilt mTeli ZaliT Tanxleba vinmesi
~ ~ width mTel siganeze,mTeli si- attendance n Tanxleba
ganiT attendant n mxevali,mxlebeli,Tanmxlebi
~a great extent mniSvnelovanwilad adamiani
~last bolos da bolos attention n yuradReba
~least Tundac.., sul cota… deserve ~ yuradRebis damsaxureba
~one and the same time erTsa da ima- divert ~ from…to… ~ gadatana/Camoci-
ve dros leba
~one single time erTaderTxel draw ~ ~ mipyroba/miqceva(ken)
~one’s own expences sakuTari xarje- focus ~ ~ gamaxvileba rameze
biT particular ~ gansakuTrebuli ~
~ the beginning dasawyisSi(ve),dasawyi- pay ~ to… ~ miqceva rameze/vinmeze
edan receive ~ vinmem/ramem miipyro ~ raRa-
~ ~ daybreak of… gamTeniisas,dasawyis- ciT
Si,dasawyisidan ~ ~ from sb ~ damsaxureba
~ ~ end bolos,dasasrul(s) turn ~ mimarTva ~ (ken...)
~ ~ head of… (ramis)dasawyisSi=TavSi worthy of ~ vinme/rame ~ Rirsi
~ ~ opposite bank gaRma, meore napirze attentively adv yuradRebiT
~ ~ present stage of… am/axlandel done- attest(ed) v adj dadastureba/dadasture-
ze buli,miTiTeba
~ ~ ~ moment/time axla ~to sth adasturebs raRacas
~ ~ same place iqve,imave adgilas sth ~ from the Nth century (and) onwards
~ ~ side of… zed(ramis)gverdze/gverdiT raRac dasturdeba N saukunidan
~ ~ (very) start (zustad/swored) dasawy- da Semdgom
isSi ~ ~ from…to… raRac dasturdeba
~ ~ time in question gansaxilveli drois ...dan ...mde
monakveTSi attesting adj damadasturebeli
~this/that time am/im dros attic n sxveni,qoredi,frontoni,antreso-
athlete n mZleosani/Zalosani=aTleti li,mansarda
atimia n pativayriloba=atimia attire n saeklesio (Se)samoseli/morTu-
atop adv zeviT/zevidan,kexze,ramis wver loba
ze(mag.mTis) attitude n damokidebuleba ramisadmi,po-
atrium/atree n sing/pl Lat. Sida ezo=atri- zicia
umi attorney n rwmunebuli,veqili=advokati
attach(ed) v adj dakroba/dakruli,damage- attract v miqceva/mizidva,mipyroba
reba/damagrebuli,dawebeba/dawebebu- ~attention yuradRebis miqceva/mipyroba
li,daZerwva/daZerwili,mierTeba/mier attraction n mizidva/miziduloba
Tebuli,miniWeba/miniWebuli,Tan dar- attractive adj mimzidveli,momxiblavi,sa-
Tva/darTuli,dakavSireba vinmesTan/ surveli
ramesTan attributable adj raime,risi gansazRvrac
attachment n saxeluri/yuri raime sag- SeiZleba
nis,minaSeni,damateba attribute n v gansazRvreba,gansazRvra,ni-
remain/trace of ~ saxeluris/yuris nar- Sani damaxasiaTebeli
Ceni/kvali saganze ~ to (ramis) mikuTvneba ramisadmi
attain v miRweva/mopoveba ramis attributed adj gansazRvruli,mikuTvnebu-
~new heights axali simaRleebis miR- li
weva be ~ to sth rame mieweros rasme
attainable adj xelmisawvdomi;is,risi miR- attributes n pl niSnebi
wevac SeiZleba

17
 სარჩევი
pick out ~ niSnebis gamiyofa
attribution n kuTvnileba ramisadmi,gansa-
zRvr(eb)a
attributive adj ganmsazRvreli
auburn(see color) adj wiTeli
auger n burRi
augment (ation) v n (ga)zrda zomaSi
augur n avguri,mkiTxavi,qurumi
augury n mkiTxavi frinvelebis frenis
mixedviT
aureus/aurei n sing/pl Lat. aureusi(moneta)
auricle n yuris niJara
auroch,Bos bonasus Lat. zubri
auspice n kargis momaswavebeli niSani
auspicious adj xelsayreli
authentic adj adgilobrivi=avTenturi,aS-
kara=namdvili
authenticate v beWdis dasma,dadastureba
imisa,rom raRac yalbi araa
avTenturobis dadastureba
authenticity n adgilobrivoba=avTentu-
roba=namdviloba
authorized adj nebadarTuli sax.uwyebe-
bis mier
authoritative adj avtoritetuli
authorities n pl xelmZRvaneloba,xelisuf-
leba,xelisufalni,avtoritetu-
li mecnierebi
authority n Zalaufleba, avtoriteti=
swavluli,xelisufleba
display ~ Zalauflebis gavrcoba
fledgeling ~ Canasaxovani Zalaufleba
have ~ of… uflebamosileba
leading ~ wamyvani avtoriteti(mec-
nierebaSi,sazogadoebaSi) ra-
me (sxva) saqmeSi
authorize v vinmesTvis ramis davaleba/
uflebamosilebis miniWeba
authorship n avtoroba ramis
autocepaly n eklesiis damoukideblo-
ba=avtokefalia
autochton(ous) n adj adgilobrivi=av-
toqton(ur)i
autocracy n erTmmarTveloba,TviTmpy-
robeloba,xelmwifeba,av-
tokratia
autocrat n erTmmarTveli,TviTmpyrobe-
li,avtokrati
autokephaley n Gr. avtokefalia
autumn n Semodgoma
autumnal adj Semodgomis,saSemodgomo
~ ploughing saSemodgomo naxnavi/xvna
18
auxiliary adj damxmare,damatebiTi,meSve-
li( ara maSveli),daqiravebuli
jari
avail n v sargebeli,mogeba
availability n vargisianoba,sargebloba,
sandooba,Rirebuleba,xelmisawvdomoba
available adj aRiarebuli,arsebuli,gamo-
adegi,vargisi,misadagebuli,misaw-
vdomi,momgebiani,sasargeblo,Sesa-
ferisi
~on line xelmisawvdomi
sth is (not) ~ xelmisawvdomia/miuwvdo-
melia
avalanche n zvavi,mawyeri,niaRvari
avenue n xeivani,ganziri,quCa
major ~ mTavari quCa
~ of high trunk vine trees maRlari venaxi
average(dly) adj adv saSualo(d)
below ~ saSualoze dabali/dabla
~between meryeobs...
in an ~ of… saSualod
over ~ saSualoze maRali/maRla
avid adj sasurveli
avoid(ance) v n Tavidan acileba,gver-
dis avla
await v lodini
sth still ~ publication (naSromi) jerac
ar gamoqveynebula
awaken(ing) v ger gaRviZeba,gamoRviZeba,
GG gamofxizleba
award n sargo=xelfasi,jildo; v
jildos daweseba, dajildoeba
awarded adj dawesebuli,dajildoebuli
aware adj gonieri,SemZle ramis,wera-ki-
Txvis mcodne
be ~ of… gacnobiereba
awareness n survili/wadili icode ra-
me,unar-Cveva
away adv Sors(manZili raRac adgili-
dan
part. ...dan
~ from (raRac adgili)dan
pass(ing) ~ v ger miZineba=gardacvaleba
awe n aRtaceba,mowiweba
awesome adj saSiSi,SiSis momgvreli,Si-
SiT moculi,saSineli,sapativcemo
awesstrike by sb Caunergo SiSi,SiSiT Se-
pyrobili, vinmesgan daSinebuli
awkward(ly) adj adv mouqneli/mouqnelad,
GGGGmouxerxebeli/mouxerxeblad,uxerxu-
li/uxerxulad,uSno(d),daudevrad
awkwardness n daudevrad,mouqneloba,
uxerxuloba,siuSnove
 სარჩევი

awl n sadgisi Babel n babilonis oromtriali

awning n Cardaxi Babel tower n babilonis godoli
axe n adj culi(s),xeleCo bacchant(e) n qurumi kaci/qali
~ hammer n cul-CaquCi/uro bachelor n bakalavri
~ pendant n cul-samkauli/sakidi back(see current,head,yard) n zurgi,cxo-
~ sledge n yuakveriani culi velis qedi ; adj sazurge ; adv ra-
~ with interseption welSi gamoyvanili ~ Rac drois ukan ; v mxardaWera,zur-
anchor ~ egvipturi=aRmosavluri=Ru- gis gamagreba,gverdSi dgoma
zisebri ~ ~ elevation n ukana xedi/fasadi
battle ~ sabrZolo ~ ~ to back adv urTierTzurgSeqce-
chopper n qvargvalis ~ uli,erTmaneTicken zurgebiT
double ~ ormagi ~ ~ to front adv ukuRma
end-winged ~ bolofrTiani ~ ~ to the fold eklesiis wiaRSi dab-
flanged ~ wiboiani ~ runeba
flat ~ brtyeli ~ ~ to the wrong side ver gaTvla,cu-
hatchet n didi,mokletariani ~ di arCevani
lop-eared ~ yuadaqanebuli/daSve- backbench n Sida opozicia
buli ~ back-bone n adj xerxemali,xerxemlis
mattock n cul-weraqvi,qarCi backcloth=backdrop n ukana nawili ra-
Near Eastern scallop ~ axloaRmosavlu- misa,foni
ri=egvipturi ~ backed adj amozurguli,zurgiani,mxar-
pole-axe n amorZaluri ~ daWerili
socket-eared ~ yuamiliani ~ background n mdgomareoba,foni,ukana
socketed ~ oryura satare xvreli- plani,warmomavloba,wyaro
ani ~ against this/that ~ am/im fonze
~ of the point/topic sakiTxis istoria
shoe-last celt ~ solisebri ~
backstage n kulisebi,kulisebs miRma
shouldered ~ mxrebiani ~
backward(ness) adj n CamorCenili; Camo-
trunion ~ Sverilebiani ~
rCeniloba
winged ~ frTiani ~ ; qarCi
backwards adv gulaRma=piraRma,zurgze,
axe butt culis yua
ukan,piruku
~ cutting edge ~ mWreli piri
bad adj avi,laye,cudi,uvargisi
~ flange ~ wibo
badly adv metismetad,sustad,cudad,Zal-
~ haft culis satare
ze/Zlier
~ hammer butt ~ CaquCisebri yua
~ needed aucilebeli,Zalze saWiro
~ notch ~ dasamagrebeli Wrili
baetyl/betyl n adj lodi(s)
~ shaft-hole ~ satare
baffling adj damabneveli,imedis gamcrueb-
~ socket ~ mili eli,warumatebeli,xelis SemSleli
stop-ridge ~ qusli/weli bag n guda,nanadirevi,parki,CanTa
trunion ~ Sverili baggage n v bargi, itvirTo rame
wing ~ frTa baggy pants tomarasaviT Sarvali
axis n (simetriis) RerZi bagpipes n pl gudastviri
bent ~ muxliani/moxrili ~ bagatelle n mcire ram nivTi
main ~ mTavari ~ baggage n v tvirTi, itvirTo
axle(see tooth) n lilvi,RerZi bail n girao
~ pin Wilibi bailout v ubedurebisagan daxsna,gadar-
~ tree Tvlis(mag.urmis) RerZi Cena
axonometric adj aqsonometriuli bake(d) v adj gamocxoba/gamomcxvari,
axonometry n aqsonometria gamowva/gamomwvari,Secxoba//Semcxvari
azure n adj laJvardi(s)(minerali) bake-house/bakery n Tone,furne,sacxobi
azurite n adj lurji malaqiti/azuriti baking adj sacxobi
B

19
 სარჩევი
balance n v saswori,gawonasworeba,wonas-
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGworoba
~ of power Tanabarxelisuflebianoba
balanced adj gawonasworebuli
balconied adj aivniani
balconies projecting out over sth gadmokide-
buli aivnebi
balcony n aivani,qandara TeatrSi
baldric n samxariRlie yawimi
bale v wylis amoxapva
balista/ballistae n sing/pl Lat. satyorcni
manqana
ball n burTi,burTula,birTvi,gunda,sfe-
ro
ball-shaped adj burTula,burTisebri
ballast n adj RorRi(s)
ballot n v kenWisyra,xmis micema
cast ~ = cast a vote xmis micema
balsam n adj GGr. balzami(s)
balsamarium/balsamaria n sing/pl Lat. sa-
nelsacxeble
balteus n kapitelis lilvaki,listeli
baluster(see bar) n rikuli
balustrade(see banisters) n moajiri
ban(ing) n ger akrZalva
band n zoli,sartyeli,lenti,beWdis
Tvlis CarCo
recessed ~ CaWdeuli sartyeli
banded adj sartyliani raime
band-like adj lentisebri,sartylisebri
bandage n v artaxi,saxvevi; Wrilobis
Sexveva
bandle n FfuTa
bandoleer n savazne
bangle n fexis/xelis rgoli
banish(ment) v n gagdeba,gandevna,gasax-
leba,gaZeveba qveynidan
banisters(see balustrade) n pl usu. kibis
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG Gmoajiri
bank n banki,gverdi,kbode
banner n alami
banquit n lxini,nadimi,puroba
baptism n naTloba=mironcxeba
~ of fire sbrZolo ~
baptisterium/baptisterii n sing/pl Lat. sanaT-
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG lio
baptistery n sanaTlio
baptize(d) v adj monaTvla,mironcxeba,mo-
naTluli=mironcxebuli,saxelis
darqmeva/danaTvla
bar(see baluster) n zodi,dire,liTonis
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG GnaWeri/rikuli
20
~ sb/sth garda, Tu ar CavTvliT...
barb (ed) n adj ekali/eklebiani,kuwubebi-
ani
barbed-deltoid tang orkapa yunwi
bare adj ubralo,titveli, SiSveli
with ~ hands SiSveli xelebiT
barefooted adj uxamlo,fexSiSveli
barely adv odnav, Zlivs, kinaRam
bargain n savaWro garigeba,momgebiani
SenaZeni, tvirTi
bargh n mTis biliki
baritone(cf.bass) n bani=dabali xma
bark n adj v lafani/lafnis,mcena-
ris qerqi(s), yefa
barley,Hordeum vulgare Lat. n adj qeri(s)
barn n kalo,nalia,boseli(bibl)
barn-shed n beReli
barracs n Ital. yazarma
barrel(see churn) n kasri,Tofis lula,
sorsoli,gvirabis TaRi,cilin-
dri,cilindruli saxuravi
barreled adj sorsoliani
barren adj berwi
~ soil berwi/unayofo miwa
barrier n dabrkoleba,saguSago,samala-
vi,sasazRvro WiSkari
~against… winaaRmdegoba.winaRoba,
zRude
barring adj Camketi
barrow(see burial) n gorasamarxi.qvayri-
liani samarxi,yrili
stone and soil ~ qva-miwayriliani gora
barter n v gacvla naturiT
base n baza,bazisi,sadgami,sadgari,sa-
fuZveli,fuZe,Ziri,kvarcxlbeki
adj arakeTilSobili,dabalsinjiani,
mdare,minarevebiani,sabazo,qveda
v dafuZneba/damyareba ramisa rameze
baseblood n adj ukanono Svili, mdabio,
mdabiori
base-born n nabiWvari=ukanono Svili
based in adj damkvidrebuli/dasaxlebu-
li,dafuZnebuli
~ on adj damorCilebuli,damyarebli
rameze,warmoSobili raRacisgan
~ upon adj dsmyarebuli raRacaze(azr-
ze,saganze)
baseline n baza,bazisi,safuZveli,sawyi-
si,saidanac TariRis aTvla iwyeba
basement n sardafi
basic adj mTavari,sabazo,sawyisi,umTav-
resi,ZiriTadi
 სარჩევი

~character mTavari/sawyisi saxe/forma ~hot bath=calidarium/calidarii n sing/pl

~ source sawyisi wyaro Lat. cxeli abano
basical(ly) adj adv ZiriTadi/ZiriTadad., ~hypocaustus/hypocausta n sing/pl Lat.
umeteswilad abanos iatakqveSa gaTboba
basil n adj SaSkvlavi(s), Ocimum gen. Lat. ~junction box abanos qvabis Semkrebi
basil n adj rehani(s),Ocimum basilikum Lat. ~praefurnium/praefurnii n sing/pl Lat.
basileios/basileus n sing/pl bazilevsi/ba- GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG abanos sacecxle
silevsi ~sweating bath/room=sauna orTqlis
basilican adj bazilikuri abano
~tigula/tigulae mamatae n sing/pl Lat.
basilicarius/basilicarii n sing/pl Gr. eklesi-
Sverilebiani fila(orTqlis
is daraji
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGgasatareblad)
basin n auzi,wyalSemkrebi,jami(WurWe-
~warm bath=tepidarium/tepidarii n sing/pl
li),tbis auzi
Lat. Tbili abano
lavabo ~ n gansabaneli Tasi
bathtub n sabanao varcli
sloping-sided ~ kalTebdaqanebuli
batilum/batili n sing/pl Lat. aqandazi,sasa-
jami
sasakmevle
basis n baza,bazisi,safuZveli,sayrdeni
baton n keti
adj bazisis, sabaziso
battalion n batalioni(ix. division)
on the ~ of… raRacis safuZvelze,ra-
batten n geodezistis lartya
Racaze dayrdnobiT
batter n dacereba/daviwroveba qvevidan
basket(ry) n godori,kalaTa;kalaTwvnis
zeviT (mag, kedlis)
xelovneba
batter(ed)(ing) n ger adj msxvreva,mtvreva;
bas-relief n adj bareliefi(s)
GGGGG damsxvreuli,damtvreuli
bass(cf.baritone) n bani=maRali xma
battered wall iaqTaR(eb)iT gamagrebuli
~ profondo=profundo n dvrini kedeli
bast-shoe n qalamani battering adj sangrevi(saomari)
bastion n bastioni, cixe-simagre ~ram kedlis sangrevi manqana=onagari
bath n abazana battice n daviwroveba/dawvrileba qvevi-
flanking ~ gverdiTi ~ dan zeviT(mag. kedlis)
plunge ~ Rrma ~ battle n v adj brZola/SeWideba,sabrZo-
bath-house n abano lo
~ room saabazano oTaxi fall in ~ brZolaSi dacema
sulphur ~ gogirdis ~ ~field brZolis veli
bathroi n Tixis/qvis Toxi ~royal mTavari brZola
baths n pl , thermae/thermarum n sing/pl battlement n qonguri,parapet saTofure-
Lat. abano biT
~ bath-suite n anfiladuri ~ ~ walk cixis galavanze sasiarulo bi-
~ changing room=apoditerium/apoditerii n liki
sing/pl Lat. abanos gasaxdeli baulk n uReli samarxSi/WrilSi
~cold-bath=frigidarium/frigidarii n sing/pl bay n TaxCa akldamaSi,nagebobis mala,
Lat. civi ~ navsayudeli,ube(zRvis,kedlis,xi-
~cool bath grili ~ niSa,walo,sivrce burjebs/svetebs
~damp heating abanos gaTboba orTq- Soris
liT adj damaSvrali
~dry-heat room mSrali ~ bay n adj dafna/dafnis, Laurus nobilis
~epicaustum/epicausti n sing/pl Lat. aba- bay leaf-shaped adj dafnis foTlisebri
GGGG GGnos gasaTbobi horizontaluri bayonet n xiSti
milebi bayou n ole nakaduliT
~furnace room abanos saqvabe bazaar n bazari
~heater n ~ gamxurebeli be v arseboba,yofna
~heat(ing) v ger ~ gaTboba/gaxureba ~ able v unaris qona, Segwevdes unari
~ system ~ gaTbobis sistema ~ absolved of sin v codvisgan gaTavi-

21
 სარჩევი
suflebuli, codvaSendobili
~ adhered to… v mtkiced...
~ apart of sb/sth v gacalkevebiT
~ askew daxrili zedapiri
~ at the height of one's fame warmatebis
mwvervalze yofna
~ at the helm qveynis saTaveSi yofna,
qveynis saWis pyroba
~ backward(behind,slow) v CamorCena
~ biased towards… mikerZoebuli
~ carried away v gatacebuli ramiT
(mag,kiTxviT)
~ certain(confident,convinced) v darwmu-
nebuli yofna
~ commited to do sth v mzadyofna ra-
mis gasakeTeblad
~ consistent v damTxveva
~ content/satisfied v iyo kmayofili,
dasjerde rasme
~ converted v sarwmunoebaze moqce-
uli,sarwmunoebamiRebuli
~ employed v dakavebuli kvleviT
~ empovered to ask for asylum v Tav-
Sesafris moTxovnis uflebamo-
sileba
~ flat on one's back v gaSotili wola/
mwolare
~ forced v iyo iZulebuli
~ in (the) mode v modaSi(a)
~ in/under sb('s power) v vinmes/xelis-
uflebis morCili
~ in use v ixmareba,aris xmarebaSi
~ in vaning hours viRac/raRac saaTebs
iTvlis
~ intended to… v iyo valdebuli
~ interested in sth iyo dainteresebuli
~ keen to do sth iyo dainteresebuli/
mondomebuli gaakeTo rame
~ higher/lower in society v maRali/daba-
li saz. mdgomareoba
~ obliged to v iyo valdebuli
~ on a par with sb Tanaswori=iseTive
Kargi,rogorc sxva
~ out of stock v maragis gamoleva
~ over v saqmis/ramis dasruleba
~ perpetuated v saukunod damkvidreba
~ precise/sure about v dabejiTebiT.darw-
munebiT,danamdvilebiT
~ reliant darwmunebuli yofna
~ sacked v dacema=ganadgureba qveynis
~ stuck v gaWedili,CaWedili
~ superior v jobna vinmesTvis,warmate-
22
buli
~ under danger v safrTxis qveS yofna
~ underway to do sth xorcieldeba raRac
~ up to par karg doneze=kargi rogorc
yovelTvis
bead n mZivi, cvara (1 cali)
ball-shaped ~ sferuli mZivi
barrel-shaped ~ kasrisebri ~
biconvex ~ dabalcilindruli ~
chopped ~ napobi ~
coloured ~ feradi ~
conical ~ konusuri ~
cylindrical ~ cilindruli ~
dateshaped ~ Sindis kurkisebri
decorative ~ dekoratiuli ~
diamond-shaped ~ dawaxnagebuli ~
discoid ~ mrgval-brtyeli/diskosebri
dominoshaped ~ dominosebri ~
double-conoid ~ bikonusuri ~
~ pyramid ~ bipiramiduli ~
elliptic(al) ~ elifsis formis ~
faceted ~ waxnagebiani ~
~ ball-shaped ~ burTula dawaxna-
gebuli ~
~double-conoid ~ dawaxnagebuli or-
magkonusuri ~
fourteen-faceted ~ ToTxmetwaxnaga ~
glazed ~ moWiquli ~
gilded ~ mooqrovili ~
holed(pierced,pricked) ~ gaxvretili ~
hollow ~ futuro/fuye ~
hub/pear shaped ~ msxlisebri ~
inner gold-plated ~ Signidan mooqrovi-
li ~
~ silver ~ ~ ~ movercxli-
li ~
interspacer ~ Sualeduri ~
junction ~ Semkrebi ~
lens-shaped ~ linzisebri ~
lentoid ~ mrgvalwakveTili ~
long conoid ~ grZeli bikonusuri ~
lozenge shaped ~ rombisebri ~
minute ~ iota/iotisebri ~
netted ~ Tvaledi ~
ovoid ~ ovaluri ~
pricked at one side calmxrivgaxvretili
rectangle ~ mogrZo-oTxkuTxa ~
rhomboid ~ rombisebri ~
ribbed ball-shaped~sferul-dawaxnagebu-
li
ring-shaped ~ rkalisebri ~
spacer ~ Sualeduri ~
 სარჩევი
spotted ~ laqebiani ~
square ~ kvadratuli ~
tubular ~ milakisebri ~
twinned ~ Sewyvilebuli ~
bead adj mZivis
~eye let n ~ mZivis naxvreti
=mask bead n mZivniRabi
~pendant/pennant n mZivsakidi
strand of beads n mZivis asxmula
beaded adj mZivisebri,cvaradasmuli,wer-
tilovani
~ design n mZivsamkauli
beads n pl krialosani
~ of slanting punctured vessel texili
wertilovani xazi(ornamenti)
beak n niskarti,grdemlis wvetiani
Sverili
~spouted vessel n tuCiani WurWeli
~ like/shaped adj niskartisebri
beaked adj niskartisebri
beaker n Rvinis Wiqa,ufexo sasmisi,
sasmisi
beam n dire,mori,sasworis uReli,sxi-
vi,Weris koWi,ganiva,Zeli,are,farTi
collar ~ gadabmis koWi
grating ~ ganivi koWi/Zeli
tie/traverse ~ ganiva (koWi)
beamed adj ormagtesebri
~ horns datotvili rqebi
box of beams sxivTa kona
beaming adj sxivmfeni
bean n lebani(ara kaklis),marcvali
beans n pl usu. lebnianebi(marcvle-
uli)
bear, Urus deningeri Lat. n daTvi
v atana,moTmena,qona=tareba
brown ~ n mura daTvi
fossil ~ ganamarxebuli daTvi
~ in mind v gaTvaliswineba,mxedve-
lobaSi qona=xsomeba
~ inscription(s)/signs raRacas aqvs
warwera/niSnebi,matarebelia
raime niSnebis
~ relations to sb/sth saqmis/urTier-
Tobis qona vinmesTan/ramesTan
~ no ~ ~ ~ ~ araferi aqvs sa-
erTo vinmesTan/ramesTan
~ trace(s) emCneva kvali/niSnebi
bearable adj asatani,mosaTmeni
beard n wveri (kacis)
~ and moustache n wver-ulvaSi
long-grown ~ grZeli wveri
23
bearded adj wverosani,wveriani
bearer n vinme/rame matarebeli raime
Tvisebis/niSnis
bearing adj ger mzidi,matarebeli ra-
ime niSnisa,tareba
~ an attempt to do sth damokidebuleba
raime mcdelobisadmi
~ joist Zelebi,razec iataki igeba
~ on sth v დამოკიდებულება რამისადმი
shape sb's ~ vinmes damokidebulebis
Camoyalibeba ramisadmi
sth ~ sth nivTze gamosaxulia raRac
sth ~ features aqvs niSnebi…
~ post dedaboZi,mzidi boZi/sveti
beast n mxeci,nadiri,pirutyvi,cxoveli
~ of barden muSa pirutyvi
beat v (gamo)Wedva,Tqvefa,vinmes damar-
cxeba, cema,mtvreva,(da)tkepna/Wirxna
beated adj angreuli,damtvreuli
beaten adj damarcxebuli=waqceuli,
gamoWedili,damtvreuli,Tixatkep-
nili,natkepni
~ track gakvaluli/navali gza
beater n mareki
beating adj mfeTqavi (mag. guli)
beatific(ation) n adj netari,netaradgamo-
cxadeba
Beatitudes (the) n pl netarebani (bibl)
beatify v netarad gamocxadeba
beat(root)=Beta vulgaris Lat. Warxali
beautify v galamazeba,Selamazeba
beauty n silamaze
reigning ~ pirveli mzeTunaxavi
the ~ n mzeTunaxavi
beautiful(ly) adj adv lamazi/lamazad,kox-
ta(d)
because conj imitom,rom...
~ of circumstances adv garemoebaTa
gamo
~ of sb/sth vinmes/ramis gamo
~ of what/which ris gamoc...
beckon v mityueba,Sertyueba
become v (gada)qceva vinmed/ramed,gax-
doma ramed
~ basis v gaxda safuZveli
~ better v gaumjobeseba,ukeTesoba,gamo-
keTeba
~ but memory v mogonebaRa darCa
~ clear v garkveva ramis,gaxda naTeli
~ coarse/rough v gauxeSeba
~ a custom v Cvevad qceva,tradiciis/
GGGGGG Cveulebis damkvidreba
 სარჩევი

~ extinct v amowyveta,amowydoma beg v vedreba,Txovna,maTxovroba

~ hard v gamkvriveba begin v dawyeba,Casaxva,warmoSoba,wamo-
~ human v gaadamianeba wyeba
~ a doctor/king v eqimad/mefed gaxdoma ~ to become v gadaqceva
~ less v kleba,Semcireba ~ to emerge v daiwyo gaCena(gamoCena,
~ mascot for… v gaxda bednierebis mom- warmoSoba)
tani beginner n damwyebi
~ intense v gaZliereba beginning adj ger sawyisi, (da)sawyisi,
~ a monk/nun v berad/monazvnad aRkve- dasabami,Canasaxi,saTave,pir-
ca./edgoma velsawyisi
~ organic part v gaxda organuli nawili at the ~ adv dasawyisSi,TavSi
~ persistant v damkvidreba=gabatoneba right from the ~ Tavidanve/maSinve
ramis behave v moqceva
~ possible v gaxda SesaZlebeli behaviour n saqcieli,qceva
~ prevailing v gaxda upiratesi,mieniWa inherent ~ Cveuli saqcieli
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG GGupiratesoba behead(ed) v adj Tavis mokveTa,Tavmok-
~ poor v gaRaribeba,gauareseba (formis) veTili
~ rich v gamdidreba beheading ger TaviskveTa
~ run down v ganadgureba,dacema(qveynis) behest v aRTqma
~ sb/sth v gaxde vinme/rame behind prep adv ukan; miRma,ukan
~ small v dapataraveba,Semcireba being n arseba(cocxali)
~ worse v gauareseba,gafuWeba v arian/iyvnen ra...
bed adj sawoli,mdinaris kalapoti ger arseboba,yofna
cobble/pebble ~ kenWebis safeni benjamin n adj gundruki(s)
~ joint gadabmis Tarazuli nakeri ~ tree n adj gundrukis xe/xis
lower ~ qveda zRvari, aguris/qvis belfry n samreklo
qveda piri belie v gamoaSkaraveba, fardis axda
~ rock yadimi belief n azri,mosazreba,rwmena,rju-
~ stone n wisqvilis qveda dolabi/qva li,sarwmunoeba
tresle ~ xis taxti=sawoli ~ in sth ramis rwmena
upper bed zeda zRvari, aguris/qvis popular ~ cru rwmena
zeda piri turn away from one's ~ rwmenis Rala-
bedding n daSreveba,qanebis ganlageba, ti
GGGGG GGleibi,wiaRi,Semzadeba kedlis beliefs n pl rwmena-warmodgenebi
ZirSi,safuZveli=sayrdeni believable adj dasajerebeli,is, risi
bedevil v gaTvalva, mojadoeba dajerebac SeiZleba
bedrock n adj dedaqani(s) believe v dajereba
bee n futkari believed adj aRiarebuli,miRebuli
~ culture n mefutkreoba is ~ that… amboben,rom..,aRiarebulia/
= drone n mamri futkari miRebulia
~ garden n safutkre believer n morwmune
~ hive=hive n ska belittle v damcireba,damcroba,arafrad
~ hive n skisebri nageboba/Senoba Cagdeba
beech nut n adj wiwibo(si) bell n adj zaraki(s),zari(s)
beet n adj wiTeli Warxali Beta vulgaris ~alarm bells ring gangaSis zarebi
Lat. ~ clapper/tongue n zaris ena
~ ~ like adj wiwibosebri ~ metal n ~ liToni
~ tree n adj rcxila/rcxilis Passing ~ zaris rekva dakrZalvi-
before adv sanam,uwin,win(aSe) sas
pron …mde,win ~ ringer n ~ mrekavi
~ us adv dRemde,Cvenamde Sacring ~ zaris rekva amaRleba dRes
beforehand adv winaswar ~ shaped adj zarisebri

24
 სარჩევი

~ tang n ~ yunwi/yuri lo)

~ tower n ~ samreklo beneficial adj madlieri
~ wether n faris yoCi benefit n sargebeli,sargebloba,upirate-
belling adj ger cxovelTa qorwineba,make- soba
GGoba,irmis myviraloba in ~ of… sasargeblod,sakeTildReod
~ season/time myviralobis dro benefitial adj sasargeblo,momgebiani,sar-
bellows n pl usu. saberveli gebliT,sasikeTo
belly n cxovelis muceli,faSvi benefits n pl usu. mogeba,sargebeli
~ band n cxenis samkerduli bening for adj keTili,mosavliani,Sedegi-
belong to v ekuTvnis vinmes rame ani
sb/sth is likely to ~ TiTqos/ufro miekuT Benjamin tree=Vitex agnus castus Lat. sakmev
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG Tvneba Llis/sakmlis xe
belongings n pl usu. avladideba,guda- bent adj (gada)grexili,gaRunuli,mokeci-
GGGGGGGGGGGG Gnabadi,sakuTreba li,moRunuli,CaWyletili
beloved adj sasurveli,sayvareli,Zvirfa- ~ in adj Cazneqili
si ~ over adj gadakecili
below(cf.beneath,under) adj pron qveviT,qve- bequathered adj naanderZevi
moT bequest adj v saanderZo,anderZiT
belt n qamari,sartyeli uaris Tqma rameze
v saxelos=Tanamebobis boZeba berberis=Berberis vulgare Lat. n adj kowaxu-
~ fastening n qamris balTa ri(s)
~plate n brinjaos/liTonis sartyeli berries n pl usu. Kkenkra
~ power n Tanamdeboba berry n kenkris/yurZnis 1 marcvali
~ set n sartylis aRkazmuloba berth n TaxCa akldamaSi,taxti=sa-
type-setting ~ sartylis mZivebi woli=sareceli
belly n v muceli, ambis gaberva beryl n adj bivrili(s),berili(s)
belted adj qamriani,qamarSemortymuli beseech v vedreba,Txovna
bench n merxi,skami,durglis dazga beside adv gverdiT
side ~ merxi kedlis gaswvriv besides prep adv amasTan.., garda
benching ger baqnis keTeba=dateraseba amisa...
bend n gzis mosaxvevi=misaqcieli,mux- besiege v alyaSi moqceva,alyis
GGGGGGGGGGGGGxli=kuTxe,nakeci,naRuni Semortyma
v gaRunva,(gada)(mo)grexa,modreka, basirged adj alyaSi,alyaSemortymu-
GGGGGGGGGGG mokecva,(mo)Runva,SeWyleta li
~back/forward ukan/win gadaxrili besprinkle(d) v adj mopkureba,napkuri
~ in v Cazneqa best adj saukeTeso
~ over v gadakecva ~ known adj gamoCenili,(saxel)gan-
bending n gadagrexis adgili,nakeci,na- Tqmuli,kargad/saukeTesod
GGGGGG GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG GG Runi cnobili
ger grexa ~ man n nefis=saqmros xelismom-
beneath(cf. below,under) adv qve(S)(mag.qvis kide
GGGGGGGG Gnoxis), qveda, faruli bestia/bestiae n sing/pl Lat. cxoveli,
~ the mound adv borcvqveS(a) mxeci,nadiri
benedicite v (da)locva wirvis Semdeg bestiary n cxovelTa eposi
benediction n locva Wamis win/mere,wir- betray(al) v n Ralati
vis Semdeg ~ the influence of sth amJRavnebs/emCneva
benefaction n mowyaleba,Sesawiravi gavlena(s)
~ the links with amJRavnebs kavSirs
benefactor n amagdari/Semomwirveli kaci
betroth(al) v n Qqalis daniSvna/dawin-
benefactress n ~ ~ qali
dva,niSnoba
beneficence n gulmowyaleba,sikeTe
betrothed adj daniSnuli,dawinduli
beneficent adj gulmowyale,keTili
between prep Soris...
~properties Rirsebebi(kargi/sasargeb-

25
 სარჩევი

~the turns of the centuries saukuneTa bifurcate(d) v adj gaoreba=erTis gayofa

Sesayarze
bevel v aTla
beverage n sasmeli
beware adv frTxilad
~ sth morideba vinmesi/ramisa
bewelled adj odnav pirmoyrili/damrec-
piriani WurWeli
bewildering adj gamaognebeli,areul-da-
reuli
bewitch(ed) v adj gaTvalva/gaTvaluli,
monusxvamonusxuli,Selocva/Seloc-
vili
beyond prep garda...
adv gareSe,GgaRma,gadaRma,miR-
ma,Semdeg eg in 1915 and ~
1915 wels da Semdgom…
~ the confines of… sazRvrebs gareT/
miRma
~ the country qveynis gareT
sty is ~ sb raRac aRemateba vinmes
Zalebs
the ~ n saiqio
bezel n beWdis faraki(The term was kindly
offered by Ms D.Kacharava in 1980)
bezoar=Capra aegagrus Lat. n Sinauri
Txis winapari
bias n azris mimarTuleba,daxriloba,
midrekileba,mizani,undobloba,
mikerZoeba
adj adv daxrili;daxrilad,diago-
nalze/diagonalurad
v gavlenis qona/moxdena rameze,
mikerZoeba,gadaxra,undobloba
biased adj mikerZoebuli
~ against ~ sawinaaRmdegod
~ towards ~ sasargeblod
Bible n biblia
Bible story Bbibliuri ambavi/istoria
bicepal adj orTava
bichrome adj orferi
bicker v kinklaoba, wakideba
bicone/biconical adj bikonusuri
biconvex adj ormxrivamoburculi/amo-
zneqili
bident n adj orTiTi,orTiTa
bier n forani
wooden ~ dasakrZalavi xis ~
biface adj raime ormxrivdamuSavebuli
bifacial adj orsaxovani,ormxrivi
bifacially worked adj ormxrivdamuSavebu-
li
orad=1:2
big(cf. large) adj didi
bilateral adj ormxrivi
bilingual adj orenovani
bill n angariSi/qviTari,baRis makrateli,
GGGGGGfulis niSani,Tamasuqi,kanonproeq-
ti,sasxlavi,Toxi
~ board n gancxadebebis dafa
billberry n adj Vaccinium mirtillus Lat. mocvi
red ~ n adj ZarlyurZena(si)
bimetal(ic) n adj bimetali,bimetalurii
bin n nagvis WurWeli,narCenebis ormo
storage ~ silosis ormo
binary adj gaormagebuli,ormxrivi
bind v Sekvra,SeWedva,mibma,gadabma,dakav-
GGGGGGGGGGGGG Sireba,mimagreba
binding(see hooping)n adj ger yda,SeWedi-
loba; mWidi,damakavSirebeli,Semkv-
GGG GGreli; moWedva,SeWedva
~ material Semkvreli masala
~ piece(see tie) makavSirebeli/gadabmis
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG GGGnawili
binominal adj orwevri
bio diversity bio-mravalferovneba
biography n biografia=Tavgadasavali=
cxovreba
bipartite adj ormxrivi
bipolar adj orpolusiani
bipyramidal adj bipiramiduli
birch-tree n adj aryis xe/xis
bird n Citi,frinveli
~ headed adj Citis/frinvelisTaviani
~ like adj Citis/frinvelis msgavsi
~ ~ animal n cxovel-Citi
~ of passage n gadamfreni frinveli
~ of pray n mtacebeli ~
song ~ n mgalobeli Citi
birth n dabadeba,(warmo)Soba
by ~ adv dabadebiT..,dabadebuli...
~control Sobadobis kontroli
give ~ v gaCena=mSobiaroba,Soba,Sva,
dawyeba,saTavis/dadeba,sawyisis
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG micema
give rise to the ~ dabadeba/safuZvlis
Cayra ramisTvis
~ mark n xali
~ day n dabadebis dRe
~ ~ suite adamisa da evas samosi=
dediSobila
biscuit n adj biskviti(s)=mouWiqavi Tixa
bisected adj Suaze gaWrili

26
 სარჩევი

bishop n meufe(mRvdlis xarisxi) na

suffragan ~ qorepiskoposi ~ with bread and water puriT da wyliT
Bison bonanus n domba kurTxeva
bit n nawili/naWeri raRacis,lagmiani blessed adj dalocvili,kurTxeuli,na-
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF FaRviri kurTxi,unetaresi
a ~ adv adj odnav,cota(odeni) Blessed (the) adj netari,RvTivkurTxe-
~ ~ with let in shaffles n lagami misaSvebi uli
saybeurebiT Blessed Sacrament (the) evqaristia
~ ~ of n arCivi,ulufa Blessed Soil (the) kurTxeuli miwa
~ ~ ~ sth n raRacis umciresi nawili blessing ger madli
2-3 link ~ n 2-3 nawiliani lagami blessful(ly) adj adv netari,netarad
bitter(ly) adj adv mware(d),Zlier blight v dazaraleba,dazianeba
~ enemy dauZinebeli mteri blind adj brma
~vetch=Vicia sp. Lat. n adj cercvela(si) blister/bubble n haeris buSti liTonSi/
bitumen n adj bitumi(s) minaSi
bivalve adj orsagduliani blinkers n pl usu. cxenis Tvalsafar(eb)i
bizarre adj gaurkveveli,ucnauri block n lodi,mori,sayrdeni boZi,kvadri,
black(see color) adj Savi qvaTlili,xorgi,ubani=kvartali,
~ on white adv SaviT TeTrze saxli=korpusi,kompleqsi,lodi
blackberry n adj mayvali/mayvlis v amoqolva,dabrkoleba,daxurva,
~ bushes n mayvlovani dagmanva,gasasvlelis/Sesasvle-
blacken(ed) v adj gamurva/gamuruli,ga- lis Caqceva/Caketva
Saveba/gaSavebuli ~ by stone walling qvebiT amoqolva
blackhorn n adj ZeZvi(s) ~ in v Caxergva
blacksmith(ary) n mWedeli; mWedloba, made up of several blocks Sedgenili
samWedlo saqme ramdenime nawilisagan(mag. sa-
blade n anatkeci, mWreli piri/fxa,danis cxovrisi)
piri ~ ore n adj qvamadani/madnis
blade-let n raime sagnis mWreli piri unworked ~ daumuSavebeli lodi
bladed adj piriani=fxiani ~ up v amoSeneba,Caxergva
blae n adj qviSaqva/qvis block (the) n saqondaqre,TavsakveTi kunZi
blank n adj namzadi; sada,usaxuri,sica- blocked adj amoqolili,dagmanuli,Caqce-
riele,carieli adgili,qvis natexi uli Sesasvleli
~ place carieli adgili blockhouse n oda saxli
~ verse n iambiko blood n adj sisxli(s)
~ wall SiSveli kedeli blue ~ adj cisfersisxliani
blancket v n dafarva,saburveli ~ relative n sisxliT naTesavi
blaspheme(r) v n mkrexeloba/mkrexeli, shed ~ for one’s country samSoblosaT-
RvTis gmoba/mgmobi vis sisxlis daRvra
blasphemous adj mkrexeluri ~ vessel n adj sisxlZarRvi
blasphemy n mkrexeloba bloodgood n adj CitivaSla(si), AcerA
blast n brZmedi,sahaero=haersadeni Palmatum Lat.
bloodless adj usisxlo
blaster adj naberi
bloodshed n sisxlisRvra
blaze(d) v adj niSnis dadeba;niSacxoveli
bloom n kvirti,madnidan gamodnobili
blazonry n heraldika
liToni
bleach(ed) v adj gaTeTreba=gamoxarSva/
v ayvaveba/yvaviloba(gazafxulze)
gaTeTrebuli, (cvilis) gamoxda/
liTonis gamodnoba madnidan
gamoxdili
blow n v dartyma=aliyuri,berva,naRaris
blend v aRgva
dacema,qaris qrolva
~into v CarTva
~ into v Caberva
~together v erTad Sereva
blower n civsaberi Rumeli
bless v dalocva,kurTxeva,naTlis mofe-

27
 სარჩევი

blown adj gaberili,naberi muceli/tani WurWlis

blowpipe(see bellows) n saberveli ~ oblonged like pear msxlisebr wagrZe-
bludgeon n kistani lebuli tani WurWlis
bluebell n adj cisTvala(si)(mc) pear-shaped=pyriform ~ msxlis form-
blueberry n adj lurji mocvi(s) is tani WurWlis
blue-burnish(ed)(see colour) v adj mosevade- scientific ~ mecnierTa/samecniero
ba,mosevadebuli GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG Gjgufi
Blue Horn (member(s) n pl usu. cisferyan- straight ~ swori tani (WurWlis)
welebi swollen ~ Seberili muceli(WurWlis)
blued adj mosevadebuli upper ~ = upper part of the ~ adamianis/
bluffs n pl cicabo kalTebi WurWlis tanis zeda nawili
blunt v adj dablagveba,blagvi ~ wall WurWlis gverdi/kedeli
blur n v laqa,dalaqaveba,dasvra,gabundo ~ widening/widens abruptly/sharply WurW-
vaneba,waSla,reputaciis Selaxva lis tani farTovdeba swrafad
blured adj bundovani,waSlili ~ was accompanied/conducted with… mic-
boar n kerati,taxi valebuls Catanebuli qonda/axlda...
board n adj ficari/ficris,dafa,perso- boffin n swavluli-konsultanti
GG GGnali=TanamSromlebi,sabWo,naxevar- bog n Waobi
diumiani paneli/ficari ~ ore n adj Savi oqra,Waobis madani
face ~ daraba boggy adj blanti.fxvieri,Waobiani
floor ~ iatakis ficari/parketi boil(ed) n v adj duRili/anaduRari,(mo)
mould ~ guTnispiris frTa xarSva,moxarSuli
rise ~ SemaRlebisTvis gamosayenebeli boiling adj ger mduRare,duRili
ficari bold adj gabeduli,Tamami,mkveTri,mkafio,
boards n scena TeatrSi meloti=qaCali
boast v amayoba,trabaxi ~ claim(s) mkafio mtkicebuleba(ni)
~ in v amayoba raime kargiT ~ spirit gabeduli(sulis mqone)adami-
boat n navi ani
~ shaped adj navisebri boldly adv gabedulad,Tamamad
Bodily injury sxeulis dazianeba bildness n gabeduleba,siTamame
bodkin n maxaTi bolsar n muTaqa,sayrdeni
body n sxeuli,tani,micvalebuli(samar- bolt(see latch) n saketi
xSi),TanamSromlebi=Stati,ganyo- bond v aguris/qvis wyoba/wyobis gamag-
GGG ganyofileba,warmonaqmni,WurWlis reba/Sekvra,xelSekrulebis dadeba
muceli/tani,jgufi,Senobis tani/ ~ stone Riobis qva
CarCo,jgufi bondage n monoba,tyveoba,ymoba
advisory ~ mrCevelTa sabWo/jgufi bondager n yma qali
awkward/clumsy ~ adamianis/WurWlis bonded adj mimagrebuli=SeerTebuli;
tlanqi sxeuli/tani gadabmuli wyoba (aguris/qvis)
biconical ~ bikonusuri tani(WurWlis) bonder/bondstone n gadabmis qva (wyoba-
bulbous ~ xaxvis formis ~ ~ Si)
bulging ~ gamoberili ~ ~ bondman n yma
carinated ~ wiboiani ~ ~ bonds n pl usu. borkilebi-cxovreba=
decision-making ~ gadawyvetilebis cixe
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGG mimRebi jgufi bone(see vertebra) n adj Zvali/Zvlis,
egg-like adj kvercxisebri(tani WurW- Tevzis fxa/fxis
lis) ankle ~ koWis Zvali (adamianis)
foreign ~ ucxo sxeuli apophysis n Zvlis morCi
globular ~ sferuli tani(WurWlis) atlas n kisris I mala
~ guard piradi dacva axis n ~ II ~
~ narrowing abruptly to the underside Zi- breast ~ n mkerdis Zvali
sken swrafad Seviwrovebuli calva/calvae n sing/pl qalasarqveli

28
 სარჩევი

carpal/hand n xelis mtevani quadrate ~ n kvadratuli Zvali

~ ~ n ~ mtevnis/nebis Zvali radius/radii n sing/pl sxivis ~
castal(see rib) ~ n nekni rib(see castal) n nekni
cervical vertebra/vertebrae n kisris ma- ribcage n yvela nekni erTad
la/malebi sacral bone n gavis=jvrisebri Zvali
cheek(see zygomatic) ~ n loyis Zvali sacrum n gava
collar ~ = clavicle n Llaviwis ~ scapula n BbeWis Zvali
coccux ~ n kudusunis ~ semilunar bone n naxevarmTvarisebri=
cranium/crania(see skull) n sing/pl Tavis ZiriTadi Zvali
qala skull(see cranium) n Tavis qala
crescent ~ n navisebri Zvali ~ bone n Tavis qalas Zvali
cube-shaped ~ n kubisebri ~ shinbone(see tibia) n wvivis didi ~
cubit/funny(see ulna) ~ n idayvis ~ shoulder blade n beWis ~
cuneiform=cuniform/lateral(see wedge- sphenoid ~ n solisebri ~
shaped) ~ n solisebri ~ spine n xerxemali
~density Zvlis gamZleoba/simtkice stapes/stapedes n sing/pl yuris Zvali/
face ~ n saxis ~ Zvlebi
femur/femora(see thigh) n barZayis ~ sternum n mkerdis Zvali me-5 neknTan
head/top of femur n tabuxis ~ stirrup(see stapes) n yuris Zvali
fibula/fibulae n sing/pl Lat. wvivis mcire tarsal n wina terfi
finger ~ n TiTis ~ ~ bone(s) n ~ ~ Zvali/Zvlebi
foot n terfi temporal ~ n safeTqlis ~
foot ~ n terfis Zvali thigh(see femur) ~ n barZayis ~
forearm ~ n wina mxris ~ thoratic vertebra/vertebrae n sing/pl
frontal ~ n Sublis ~ mkerdis mala/malebi
~ sinuce n Sublis Zvlis Rru tibia/tibiae(see shinbone) n sing/pl wvi-
highbone n usaxelo Zvali vis didi Zvali
hollow ~ n lulovani ~ ulna/ulnae(see cubit) n sing/pl idayvis
humerus n wina mxris ~ ~ saxsari
ischium/ischia(see pelvic) n sing/pl upper jaw(see lower) ~ n zeda ybis Zva-
menjis ToToeuli Zvali li
kneecap n kviristavi vomer(see nazal) n cxviris ~
leg bone(s) n fexis Zvali/Zvlebi wedge-shaped(see cuneiform) ~ n so-
lingual ~ n enisqveSa ~ lisebri ~
lower jaw ~ /mandible(see lower) n wrist ~ n majis ~
qveda ybis ~ zygomatic(see cheek) ~ n loyis ~
lumbar vertebra/vertebrae n sing/pl bone carver/cutter n Zvalze/Zvlis mkveT-
welis mala/malebi eli
manumbrium n mkerdis Zvali(la- ~ carving/cutting n ~ ~ kveTa
viwis ZvlebTan axlos ~ of contentation ganxeTqilebis vaS-
metacarpal (see capral) ~ n mtevnis/ li
nebis Zvali in ~ adj Zvlis(a) (nivTi)
metatarsal(see tarsal) n wina terfi ~ objects n Zvlovani masala,Zvlis
~ bone(s) n wina terfis nivTebi
Zvali.Zvlebi ~ splint(s) n Zvlis namsxvrev(eb)i
nasal/nose(see vomer) ~ n cxviris ~ bony adj Zvliani,Zvlovani
pariental ~ n Txemis ~ book n v wigni; SekveTa=dajavSna
latalla/patellae(see kneecap) n sing/pl Books of Apostles mociqulTa wignebi
kviristavi Books of the New Covenant axali aRTqmis
pelvic(see ischium) n menjis Zvali Books if the Old Covenant Zveli aRTqmis
pelvis n menji book of home cure samkurnalo wigni=
phalange n falangi karabadini

29
 სარჩევი

Book of Hours Jamni=cxra wigni ~ and side piece WurWlis Zir-gverdi

~ register/registration ~ saaRricxvo wig- bottomless adj ufskero,uZiro
ni bough n saxrCobela
boon n xsna bought adj nayidi
boot n Ceqma boulder n adj kaWari(s),lodi(s),daumuSa-
bootee n faCuCebi beli qva/qvis,yore/yoris qva
booth n farduli bound n adj (sa)sazRvaro,gadabmuli,da-
booty n Zvirfasi SenaZeni;nadavli= kavSirebuli,mibmuli,Sekruli,Se-
naqurdali Wedili
borage=Borango officinalis Lat. n adj baram- beyond ~ adv sazRvars gareT
bo(mc) ~ by adj ganpirobebuli ramiT
borange n adj boranjo=kitrisuna=saro ~ to do sth viTareba,roca raRacis gake-
(si), Borango gen(mc) Teba ganpirobebulia ramiT
~ n adj barambo, Borango officinalis within ~ adv sazRvrebs Signi
border(s) n v a®Sia,(sa)zRvari,mijna, boundary n zRvari,mijna,samani,saxelmwi-
CarCo GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG GGGfo sazRvari
beyond ~ adv sazRvris miRma/gareT adj sasazRvro
erase the ~ sazRvrebis moSla ~ post ~ posti
~land n mosazRvre qveyana,sasazRvro bounded adj SemosazRvruli
zoli ~ by sth ~ ramiT
~ line n sazRvari=sasazRvro zoli boundless adj ukidegano,usazRvro,usas-
on the ~ of… sazRvarze/sazRvarTan rulo
~post n sazRvris boZi/sveti bovid=bovine adj xarisa
share ~ saerTo sazRvari 2 qveyanis bow n babTa,mSvildi,mSvildsakinZis
~ stone n sazRvris qva rkali,navis cxviri,isarmtyorcni
within ~ adv sazRvris Signi n v Tavis dakvra/daxra
bordered adj garsSemovlebuli ramiT, ~ and arrow mSvild-isari
moCarCoebuli,SemosazRvruli drawn ~ daWimuli mSvildi
~ by adj CarCoSi Casmuli ~ man n mSvildosani
bordering adj mosazRvre ~ shaped adj morkaluli,moSvilduli,
~ on area ~ teritoria GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGrkalisebri,rkaluri
bore n v burRi,saxvreti; xvreta ~ ~ pin n mSvildsakinZi,mSvilda-
born adj bunebrivi,dabadebuli,Sobi- kiani/xemiani mSvildsakinZi(see fibula)
li (at) ~ shot adv isris gasrolaze=manZi-
Georgian ~ qarTuli warmomavlobisG li
borne out by sth dadasturebulia=das- bowels of the earth miwis wiaRi
turdeba ramiT bowl n Tasi, jami
borrow(ed) v adj gamoReba/gadmoRebuli= libation ~ n Rvinis Sesawiri ~
mibaZva/minabaZi=sesxeba/nases- milk ~/jug n sarZeve
xebi,Txoveba.naTxovari pouring ~ n samsxmelo jami
borrower n msesxebeli=is,vinc isesxa box n adj loJa,yuTi,Zara; bza/bzis
bosom n mkerdi=ube ~ of beams sxivTa kona
~ friend uaxloesi megobari ~ flue/tile n oTxi kramitiT Sedgenili
boss n kopi,Sverili,saxeluri=xelmo- sakvamuris yuTi
GGGGsakidi,rusti(ka)=kedlis mopirkeTe- ~holley n adj tagvisara,Zmerxli (mc)
ba win gamoburculi uxeSad damuSa- ~ seat n kofo
vebuli didi qvebiT brace n samagri, misabrjeni, iribana,Se-
both adj adv pron. orive nobis nawilebis samagri,xaraCo,
on ~ faces orive zedapirze jojgina
bottle n boTli counter ~ iribana
scent ~ n sanelsacxeble bracelet n adj samajuri(s)
bottom n adj fskeri,Ziri; qveda flat ~ brtyeli ~

30
 სარჩევი
snap n samajuris Sesakravi
torque/twisted ~ grexili/xveuli ~
~ with bent ends boloebgadaxve-
uli ~
~ ~ ~ inwards back zurgSezne-
qili~
~ ~ closed ends boloebSeerTe-
buli ~
~ ~ expanded ~ boloebgaSlili ~
~ ~ intermingled ~ = intermingled ~ sa-
majuri erTmaneTze gadasuli
boloebiT
~ ~ open/penannular ~ boloebgaxsni-
li ~
~ ~ tied ~ boloebgadaxveuli ~
~ ~ twisted ~ boloebdaxveuli ~
~ ~ widened ~ boloebgafarToebu
li~
brachicranial adj braqikranuli
brachicranium n braqikrani
bracket n bjeni,konsoli
bracketed adj frCxilebSi Casmuli
~ keystone frCxilebiani Camketi qva
brackrts n pl frCxilebi teqstSi
braid n v sirma,sorsoli,yaiTani; (da)
wvna
braided adj (da)wnuli
brain n pl only qato
brainchild of sb vinmes gonebis/fantazi-
is nayofi,idea,naazrevi
brandish weapons v iaraRis JRaruni=muqa
ra
brains n pl tvini
bramble n adj ZaRlmayvala
branch n rto,toti,Sto,filiali,mecni-
erebis/warmoebis dargi,vazis
lerwi
v gavrcoba
branched adj gavrcobili,gantotvili
branching n adj ganStoeba; datotvili
branchy adj gantotvili,datotvili,to-
tebiani
brand n v damRa/dadamRva,daRi,nakver-
cxali
~ of Cain kaenis codva=stigma
~ new adj sul axali=cincxali
braser n mSvildosnis majis safari
brass n adj v TiTberi/TiTbris,moTiT-
brva
brassed adj moToTbruli
brave adj gabeduli,vaJkaci,Tamami
bravely adv gabedulad,vaJkacurad,Tama-
31
mad
bravery n gabeduleba,didebuleba,vaJka-
coba,trabaxi
brazero n tafa,romelSic cecxls anTe-
ben gaTbobis mizniT
brazier n mayali,tafa,ToqmaCi=spilenZis
da TiTbris xelosani
breach n v naprali,xvreli,gamomtvreva
bread n adj puri(s)
unleavened ~ usafuaro puri
breadth n sigane
across the ~ adv siganeze
breadthwise adv siganeze.siganiT
break(see sharp) n v wyvetili,wyveta,mo-
texiloba; (ga)texva/wyveta,darRveva
(ga)texva/wyveta,darRveva,mtvreva,
msxvreva
~ down v anawevreba,daSla,dacema(mag.
vaWrobis),xelisuflebis damxoba
~ ~ into pieces v nawilebad daSla
~ in v gaxedna,dageSva,Semtvreva
~ of the fast v marxvis gatexva
~ off v damTavreba,Sewyveta
~ ~ from sth Camocileba raime
სaqmiდან
~ open v gamongreva,gamotexva,Semt-
vreva, qvis gaxeTqva
~ out a war v omis gaCaReba
sharp ~ swrafi/ucabedi wyvetili
breakwater n zRvis talRebis amridi
~ the soil v miwis damuSaveba
breakage n namsxvrevebi,mtvreva,msxvreva
breakdown n v (da)Sla,rRveva
breakfast(see break of the fast) n sauzme
breaking n motexiloba
breakthrough(s) n garRveva
breakwater
breast n adj mkerdi,ZuZu; samkerde
~ band(see band) cxenis samkerduli
~ brooch gulsabnevi
~ fastening mkerdsakinZi
~ plate samkerduli(firfita)
out thrust ~ win wamoweuli mkerdi
~ summer =bressumer=bressomer n mzi-
di koWi
wear on ~ v mkerdze gakeTeba/tareba
breastless adj umkerdo
breathe v sunTqva
~ one's last warxdoma=sikvdili
breathlacking adj sulis/sunTqvis Semkvre-
li
 სარჩევი
breathtaking(ly) adj adv gamaognebeli/gama-
ogneblad,sunTqvis Semkvreli/Semkv-
relad,SemZvreli/SemZvrelad
breech-band n saZue
breed n v modgma,jiSi; saqonlis gamrav-
leba,jiSis gamoyvana
breeder n mesaqonle
breeding ger cxovelTa qorwineba
bribe n v qrTami, qrTamis micema
brick n adj aguri(s)
v aguriT mogeba/mokirwyvla
abutment ~ saqusle aguri
adobe ~ bzenarevi=umi ~
air ~ gamomSrali ~
arch ~ TaRis ~
baked/bakened ~ gamomwvari ~
broad ~ ganivi ~
~ built/work aguriT naSeni
burnt ~ damwvari ~
clay ~ Tixis ~
cornice ~ lavgardanis ~
~ edge/stretcher aguris grZeli gverdi
facing ~ mosapirkeTebeli ~
fire ~ qvedis ~
~ flooring aguris iataki/safari
hand-made ~ xelnakeTi ~
half ~ naxevar-aguri
hollow ~ futuro ~
in ~ adv adj aguriT/aguris
key/voussoir ~ solisebri ~
kiln ~ saRumele ~
~ layer/mason n kalatozi
lump n mzeze gamomSrali aguri,
aliz-aguri,xelnakeTi aguri
~ maker n meagure=aguris mkeTebe-
li
mud ~ n adj aliz-aguri(s)
overburnt ~ damwvari ~
pale=not burnt ~ gamouwvavi/umi ~
~ paved/paving=paved with bricks agur-
Fenili
~plano-concave brtyel-Cazneqili ~
~plano-convex rtyel-amoburculi~
plinth/quadrel ~ qarTuli ~
right-angled ~ marTkuTxa=sworku-
Txa ~
sun-dried ~ mzeze gamomSrali ~
tile ~ agurfila
~ up v dagmanva
voussoir ~ solisebri ~
wedge-shaped ~ solisebri ~
~ work n aguriT nagebi/naSeni, agur-
32
is wyoba
~ ~ bond (aguris/qvis) wyobaSi
Casmuli
~ works n aguris qarxana
bricked adj aguriT mogebuli
bricking ger aguris wyoba
herringbone ~ grigala/Tevzifxuri ~
~ in carinated side ~ gverdiTi ~
~ in headers yira ~
~ in length ~ grZivi ~
~ in width ~ ganivi ~
~ on edge(edgewise/stretcher on edge)
~ ~ grZeli gverdiT
coursed/horizontal ~ ~ Tarazuli ~
bridal adj saqorwino
~ bath ~ abazana
bride n patarZali=dedofali
~ money n mehari,urvadi,yalimi
~ groom n nefe=saqmro
bridesmaid(see best) n patarZlis dobi-
li=xelismomkide
bridge n v xidi/bogiri; gadabma,napra-
lis Sevseba,SeerTeba,xidis gadeba
~ arch n xidis Tvali
~ the gap v wyvetilis Sevseba(mag.
qronologiaSi)
draw/hoist ~ n asawevi xidi
foot ~ n gadasakidi bogiri
hogged ~ n amoburculi/morka-
luli xidi (mag. besleTis)
~land saxelmwifo xidi=saqarTvelo
~ of the nose cxviris fuZe
pile ~ xidi ximinjebze
~ pier xidis burji
stringer ~ Zelfenili xidi
suspension ~ bondis xidi
bridging joist gadabma, Zelebis CarCo,ro-
melzec igeba iataki
bridle n v aRviri,lagami; alagmva
brief adj arasruli,mokle,Semoklebuli,
xanmokle
briefly adv arasrulad,mikled,maSinve,na-
wilobriv,swrafad(ve),xanmokled
brigade n brigada-jaris nawili
bright adj maxvili,mbzinavi,mkveTri,naTe-
li,niWieri,kaSkaSa
brighten v gabrwyineba,ganaTeba,kaSkaSi
brightly adv mkveTrad,naTlad
brightness n elvareba,sinaTle,sikaSkaSe
brilliance n brwyinvaleba,elvareba
brilliant(ly) adj adv brwyinvale(d),mkafio(d
brim n qudis farfli,WurWlis bako/pi-
 სარჩევი
ri
brindled adj laqebiani
bring v mozidva,(Ca)motana
~an end to sth dasruleba ramis
~back into history istoriaSi dabruneba
vinmesi/movlenisa
~down v ganadgureba
~ forward v gamotana,warmoCena
~ in(to) v Setana/Semotana
~ in from v Semotana sadmeidan
~in god(s) axali/sxva RmerTis aRiare-
ba
~ out v gamomJRavneba
~ together v daaxloeba,erTad Sekreba
~ under control v dapyroba
~ up v aRzrda
~ to an end v dasruleba
~ to fruition v aRsruleba,ganxorciele-
ba
~ to light v dRis sinaTleze gamotana,
gamoaSkaraveba,gamovlena,gamomze-
ureba, samarxis gaxsna
~together v mogroveba,Sekreba
~ ~ in sth Tavmoyra/mogroveba ramisa
rameSi
~ to trial v wameba
bringer n (Se)momtani
~of Christ(see Enlightener,Unimatrix) ganma-
naTlebeli=qristianobis Semomtani/
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGgamavrcelebeli
brisk adj gacxovelebuli
bristle sb at sth ajagruli/saomrad ganwyo
bili
bristled up adj ajagruli
bristles n pl usu. jagari
brittle(ness) adj n mtvrevadi,myife;simyife
broad adj ganieri,vrceli,farTe
~ evidence of sth uamravi masala/sabuTi
~ interest farTo interesi
~ stretch of territory vrceli teritoria
in ~ sense of sth farTo gagebiT
broaden v gavrcoba,gafarToeba
broadly adv farTod
brocade n adj farCa/farCis
broken adj (ga)texili,damsxvreuli,damt-
vreuli,arasruli,wyvetili
~ away adj motexili ramisgan rame
~ down adj daSlili
~ line texili xazi
bronze(see monetary) n adj v brinjao(si),
brinjaoTi dafarva
33
antimony ~ n adj anTimoniani brijao
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG(si)
arsenic=arsenious ~ n adj dariSxaniani
classical ~ klasikuri ~
hightinned ~ kalauxvi ~
in ~ adj brinjaoTi/brinjaosi
little tinned ~ kalamcire ~
plate-glass ~ sarkisebri ~
stannous/tinned ~ kaliani ~
bronzed adj brinjaoTi daferili
bronzecaster/worker n brinjaos ostati=
mdnobeli/Camomsxmeli
bronzes/bronzework n pl brinjaos niv-
Tebi
brooch n adj gulsabnevi(s),gulqandi(s),
mkerdsakinZi(s); rkali/CarCo
(beWdis Tvlis,gulsabnevis,sarkis...)
spit ~ Samfuri
brook n nakaduli,Rele,wyaro
broom n cocxi
brother(hood) n Zma, Zmoba,saZmo
sworn ~ n Zmadnafici,Zmadnaficoba
brotherly adv Zmuri
brouch n nimbi,rkali
~ ridge n warbis rkali
~ of the hill mTis Sverili
brush n funji,jagrisi,yalami
brushwood n adj buCqnari(s),Celti(s)
road of ~ Celtis gza
bubble/blister n haeris buSti liTonSi/
minaSi
bubble(ing) v ger CuxCuxi duRilisas
bucket n sarwyuli,hidria
buckle=buckle-loop n balTa=agrafa;
naRuni
chape n balTis kauWi
loop n ~ rkali
tongue n ~ ena
buckle v amoburcva,amozneqa
bucolic adj sofluri
bucranium/bucrane n sing/pl Lat. xaris Ta-
vis qandakeba
buckwheat n adj wiwibura(si), Fagopurum
esculentum Lat.
bud n kokori
bugle n sayviri
build v ageba,(a)Seneba,(amo)Seneba
~ anew v Tavidan/xelaxla aSeneba
~by hand xelnakeTi/naZerwi keramika
~ in(to) v CaSeneba
~on/upon v daSeneba=simaRlis moma-
teba
 სარჩევი
~on top of earlier structure(s) Zvel saZir-
Kvelze daSeneba
~ upon existing foundation Zvel sa-
Zirkvelze daSeneba
~upon ruins nangrevebze aSeneba
builder n (a)mSenebeli,aRmaSenebeli
building(see lean) n ger adj saxli,Senoba,
Seneba,samSeneblo,mSenebare,qanis
sveti/zoli, nageboba
~ area/site samSeneblo ezo/moedani
~campaign axalmSeneblobebi
channeled ~ Senobis saZirkveli,ro-
melic Sedgeba qvis paralelu-
wyobebisgan,rac qmnis Rarebs
code of ~ mSeneblobis wesi
~ level ~ done
~ heritage ~ memkvidreoba
main ~ mTavari/ZiriTadi nageboba
~ material(s) samSeneblo masala
mountain ~ mTaTa warmoqmna
~nondomestic arasacxovrebeli nage-
Boba
substantial ~ gamZle nageboba
terrazzo floor=buttressed ~ kirqvis da
sxva jiSis qviT nagebi da cemen-
tiseburi xsnariT Semtkicebuli
nageboba
~timber-framed xis CarCoiani
built adj agebuli,amoSenebuli,aSenebuli,
nagebi
~in CaSenebuli
~ on adj daSenebuli
~ ~ the traditions trdiciebze/tradi-
ciebis mixedviT agebuli
well ~ adj kargad/mkvidrad nagebi
bulb n bolqvi=xaxvis Tavi, elnaTura
bulbous adj xaxvis Tavisebri
bule (see bulla) n bule
bulge n kopi
bulging adj gamoberili
bull n buRa,xari
~ bird n frTosani xari
bulla(see bule,docket) n bula,savaWro sa-
qonelze/WurWelze Sesabmeli niSani
~ =clay sealing=stamp seal(see cretula) n
sabeWdavi
bullet n Tofis tyvia
~core n satyorcni birTvi
bulletin n biuleteni; macne=moambe(samec-
niero gamocema)
bullock n dakodili xari
~ cart n xar-uremi,xarSebmuli uremi
34
bulk of… raodenoba/Semcveloba raRaci-
GGGGGGGGGGsa raRacaSi, ZiriTadi birTvi
bulkhead n Zgide
bulkwark n TavdacviTi miwayrili
bumpy adj oRro-CoRro gza,xorklebi-
GGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGGG Gani zedapiri
bunch n kona,Sekvra,yurZnis mtevani,jgu-
fi,nakrebi sagnebis
bundle n guda,fuTa
bung n sacobi,cobola
bunk n nari=sawoli
burden n tvirTi
bureaucracy n biurokratia
burgeoning adj axladgaCenili/Casaxuli
mag. vaWroba
burgler n mZarcveli
burial(see grave,tomb) n samarxi,saflavi
adj (da)sakrZalavi; v dakrZalva
adobe/mud-brick ~ alizis samarxi
arrange ~ v samarxis gamarTva
~ antechamber samarxSi Sesasvleli(mag
GGGGGG derefani)
barrow n yrili samarxis Tavze
baulk n uReli samarxSi
~ chamber samarxissakani=dasakrZala-
vi darbazi
~ with circular barrow wriulqvayriliani
samarxi
~ construction samarxis aRnagoba
~ contents (context, complex) samarxeuli
kompleqsi=SigTavsi
~ with corbelled roof samarxis sayrdeneb-
ze gamarTuli gvirgvinuli saxu-
ravi
~ cover/roof sაmarxis saxuravi
~ custom(s),habit(s),rite(s) dakrZalvis we-
sebi
decapitated ~ uTavo micvalebulis ~
flagged area in ~ filebiT mogebuli
Sesasvleli samarxSi
~ framework Zelsamarxi
girder cover of ~ samarxis Zelfenili
saxuravi
~ ground/ground-site(see cemetery) samaro-
vani
~ heap/heap n samarxis zvini
~ log Ggeja-samarxi
log ~ chamber ZelebiT nagebi saTavso
~ mound samarxis borcvi/zvini
beneath the ~ borcvqveS(a)…
~ rich of offerings (masaliT) mdidari sa-
marxi
 სარჩევი
=resting place gansasvenebeli
~ with a shelf in one side Taro ~
~ ~ timber framing of logs ZelebiT amoge-
buli ~
= tumulus/tumuli n sing/pl Lat. gora ~
~ well= ~ in a well ~ WaSi
~ wreath n micvalebulis gvirgvini
barrow ~ gorasamarxi
chariot ~ etli ~
double-chamber ~ orsenakiani ~
damaged(disturbed,incomplete) ~ da-
zianebuli ~
empty ~ carieli/uinventaro ~
family ~ saojaxo ~
hall-porch ~ = magaron=megaron mega-
roni
hasty ~ saxeldaxelo samarxi
intact/undisturbed ~ xeluxlebeli ~
jug ~ qvevr ~
lavish(richly furnished,wealthy) ~ mdid-
ruli ~
mass ~ koleqtiuri ~
memorial ~ samaxsovro ~
moundless ~ uzvinulo ~
multiply ~ mravaljer gamoyenebuli ~
pit/shaft ~ ormosamarxi
pitless ~ uormoo ~
plinth/slab-built ~ fila ~
plundered/robbed ~ gaZarculi ~
quarry stone ~ yorekedliani ~
ramp/slope n daxrili Casasvleli
river ~ ~ mdinareSi
rock-cut ~ kldeSi nakveTi ~
scanty ~ Raribuli ~
~ service wesis ageba
shaft ~ Wa samarxi/samarxi Wa
slab-covered ~ filaqviT daxuruli ~
stepped ~ safexurebiani ~
stone-box ~ lodi/qva ~
stone-built ~ qvis/qviT nagebi ~
tile/tile-built ~ kramit ~
trench ~ ~ arxSi
two-staged ~ oriarusiani ~
unrifled ~ gauZarcvavi ~
wooden-bier ~ forani ~
buried adj damarxuli,dafluli
burin n saWrisi, burRi
burn v gamowva,dawva,Serujva
~ at the stake koconze dawva
~ down v gadabugva,(ga)dawva
~ in hell jojoxeTSi dawva
~ incense to someone gundrukis
35
kmeva=pirferoba
~ out v amowva rameze
~ to the ground (gada)bugva/wva
burned=burnt adj gamomwvari,damwva-
ri,Serujuli
~ down adj damwvari
~ out adj amomwvari
~ site of fire naxanZrali
burning n adj ger wida/widis, wva
~ cinders n adj namwvi(s)
~ furnace/kiln gamosawvavi Rume-
li
burnish(ed) v adj gaprialeba,naprialebi
gamowva keramikis
perfunctory ~ zedapiruli gamowva
spiral ~ spiralurad gamowva/gapriale
ba
streak ~ xazebad gamowva/gaprialeba
burnisher n gamprialebeli,saprialebeli
burrow n soro
burst sth v garRveva(mag.kedlis),aRzeveba
afeTqebagacxoveleba raime saqmi-
anobis
bury(ing) v ger damarxva,dakrZalva,dafv-
vla,Camarxva
~alive cocxlad damrxva
bush n buni(ki),buCqi,mWreli piri,Casar-
Ti
bushy adj buCqnari(T) dafaruli
business n saqme,saqmianoba
~ house savaWro saxli
~ like adj saqmiani
bust n tanis welszeda nawili=biusti
~ shot ~ ~ gamosaxuleba
bustling adj gacxovelebuli,mzardi
busy adj saqmiani,saqmiT datvirTuli,
dakavebuli
but adv conj garda/mxolod; magram
~ a single mxolod erTi
~ on the other hand samagierod.., meores
mxriv...
butcher n v dakvla,yasabi,xocva-Jleta
butcher’s Broom=box/knee holly=sweet broom
n adj Tagvisara=Zmerxli, Ruscus
Aculeatus=Ruscus Aculeateus angusti-
foliu Lat.
butchery n sasaklao,mkvleloba,dakvla,
xocva-Jleta
butler n meRvineTuxucesi,msaxurTuxuce-
si
butt n yua (ara puris)
butter n adj karaqi(s);morqenali cxove-
 სარჩევი

li
butter and eggs=Linaria vulgaris (Lat) n adj
seli(s)
butterbur=Petasites gen (Lat) n adj buera-
(si)(mcenare)
buttercup=Ranunculus acris (Lat) n adj
mindvris baia(si)
buttering ger ngreva kedlis sangrevi
manqaniT
~ram sangrevi=saomari manqana=verZi
buttermilk n adj do(si)
butter vetch=Vicia sp. Lat. n adj mware cer-
cvela(si) (mc)
button n adj kilita/kilitisa,Rili(sa)
~ hole n Rilkilo
~ seal n Rili-sabeWdavi
~ shaped adj Rilisebri
buttress n v Fr. iaqTaRi=gamagreba=kon-
trforsi
buttressed adj iaqTaRebiT gamagrebuli
externally ~ iaqTaRi kedlis garedan
internally ~ iaqTari kedlis Signidan
~structure iaqTaRebiani nageboba
buy v (Ses)yidva
by prep. adv ...iT, ...mier,...mixedviT
~ analogy with… analogiiT ramesTan
~ birth adj adv bunebrivi/bunebrivad,
Tandayolili,dabadebiT..,sisx-
naTesauri,warmoSobiT( mag.Ge-
orgian by birth)
~ comparing with Sedarebis saSualebiT
~ contrast with sth gansxvavebiT
raRacisგან
~ decoration ornamentiT/ornamentis mi-
xedviT
~ decree kanoniT,dekretis mixedviT
~ form formiT,formis mixedviT
~ heart zepirad(mag. leqsi)
~ product gverdiTi produqti
~ so doing amiT..,amis gakeTebiT..,Tu ase
moviqceviT...
~ volume moculobiTi
~ way of… gavliT.., gzad...
~ wide margine didi gansxvavebiT
byre n boseli, saqonlis sadgomi
byword n frTiani sityva
byssus n adj bisoni(s)
C campaign n v laSqroba,kampania(savele,
Cabbage rose=Rosa cantifolia Lat. asfurce
Lla vardi
cache n grova,samalavi
cadastre n aRweris wigni
Caesar n keisari
caesura/caesurae n sing/pl Lat. wyveti-
li
cage-cup v Caketva
cake n adj namxcvari,wewoni(s)(kopto-
ni)
calathus/calathi n sing/pl Lat. SroSanis
formis kalaTi(ornamenti)
calcine(ation) v n gamowva
calculate(ion) v n angariSi,gamoTvla
caldera n didi qvabi(esp),vulkanis krate
ri
ante ~ vulkanis krateriswina terito
ria
calendar(ical) n adj kalendari/kalenda-
ruli,svinaqsari
calendrical adj kalendaruli
calf n nukri,xbo, wvivi=kanWi
calip n xalifa
call v saxelis darqmeva,daZaxeba,uwo-
do vinmes/rames rame saxeli
~ back v ukan gawveva/gamoTxova
~ for v moTxovnileba=moTxovna
~ forth v gamowveva ramis(mag.xmauris)
~ in v stumroba, sanaxavad Sevla
~ into question v raRac badebs kiTx-
vas
~ off v SeCereba,ukan gawveva
~ on v mowodeba,mouwodo vinmes ga-
akeTos rame
callote n skviTuri qudi
calm v adj damSvideba,mSvidi
~ down v dacxroma,damSvideba
calorifere n Fr. kaloriferi
calva/calvae n sing/pl Lat. qalasarqveli
calvaria(see frontal) Sublis(a)
Calvary n golgoTa
calve v pirutyvis mSobiaroba=doli
calyx/calyces n sing/pl Lat. yvavilis ja-
mi,niJara
camelcade n aqlemebis qaravani
camelry n jari aqlemebze(meomrebi)
cameo n kamea
~ technique kameis keTebis teqnika
cameo-cut gem(m) n kamea gem(m)iT
camp(ing) n v ger banaki,dabanakeba
set up a ~ dabanakeba,banakis dacema
saomari)
~afield laSqroba=brZolis veli
~ against sb/sth v brZola vinmes/ramis
winaaRmdeg

36
 სარჩევი
~of revenge sapasuxo/samagieros gada-
saxdeli brZola
wage ~ against sb brZola/kampania vin-
mes winaaRmdeg
can n Tunuqis WurWeli
oil ~ n sazeTe ~ capital(see cap) n adj dedaqalaqi,sataxt-
can v SeZleba(Tandayolili/SeZenili
unari)
~ be deduced through SesaZlebelia
~ ~ paralleled eZebneba paraleli,Se-
ba mivamsgavsoT/SevadaroT
~ ~ traced through SeiniSneba kvali
~ ~ witnessed SeiZleba dadastureba
canaba n kanabe
canal(see channel) n xelovnuri arxi/Ra-
ri
cancel(ed) v n adj ganadgureba/ganadgu-
buli,gauqmeba/gauqmebuli,uaryo-
fa/uaryofili
candelabrum n sasanTle,Sandali
candle n kelaptari,sanTeli
candlestick n sasanTle,Sandali(1 sanT-
lis)
canning n wnuli,xvia
canon n kanoni=werilobiTi wesi=dawe-
rili kanoni,zarbazani
~ bit n lagmis nawili
canonical adj kanonikuri
canonize(d)(ation) v adj n dakanoneba/da-
kanonebuli,kanonizacia/kanonize-
buli
canopy n baldaqini-naWeri, TaRi
cantharus/canthare n sing/pl Lat. qanTa-
rosi
cantone(see district) n qveynis mxare/kuT-
Txe,provincia
cantonal adj samxareo,provinciis,pro-
vinciuli
~ capital kuTxis/mxaris dedaqalaqi
(mag. soxumi,quTaisi)
~ region olqi
canvas n saxatavi tilo
canyon n kanioni
cap n svetis Tavi=kapiteli,kokardi-
ani quid, v gadaxurva,Tavdaxurva
~ stone dolmenis saxuravi brtye-
li qva
capable adj SemZle=unaris mqone
capability n SesaZlebloba=unari
capacious adj tevadi
capacity n moculoba,simZlavre,tevadoba
Semcveloba
37
have ~ itevs...
to full ~ mTeli sisruliT
~to do sth midrekileba,unari,Tviseba
caparison n cxenis gadasafarebeli
caper n naxtomi
sataxto qalaqi,umaRlesi
~ letter mTavruli(didi) aso
central ~ mTavari/sataxto qalaqi
Tbilisi)
Capital punishment sasikvdilo ganaCeni=
sikvdiliT dasja
Capitulum n Lat. kapituli
Capricorn n adj Txis rqa/rqisa
caprid n adj gareuli Txa;gareuli Txis
tyavi(s)=Sevro(si)
caprine adj Txisa
caption n warwera ilustraciaze
captivate(d) v adj datyveveba/datyvevebu-
li; moxibvla,mzeris mitaceba(si-
lamaziT,raime niSniT,WkuiT)
captivating adj damatyvevebeli,momxiblavi
captive n v tyve, datyveveba
captivity n tyveoba
capture v adamianis gataceba,dapyroba,
mitaceba,datyveveba,Sepyroba
~ attention yuradRebis mizidva
Capuchin n kapucini
carafe n minis saRvine/sarwyuli
carat n Arab. karati=yiraTi
caravan (sarai) n qaravani,qarvasla
caraway n adj koWa,Zira(si) (mc)
carbon n adj naxSirbadi(s)
14
~ radioactive=C n adj radioaqti-
uri ~
carbonize(d) v adj danaxSireba,naxSir-
badiani
carboy n minis boca
carcass n frinvelis/cxovelis leSi
Cardamon n adj kurkuma,janjafili(s),
(h)ili(s)
carding ger adj matylis CeCva/saCeCi
cardo/cardiness n sing/pl Lat. meore quCa
care n v zrunva
~ home n TavSesafari
career n SemoqmedebiTi gza,moRvaweoba,
saqmianoba=kariera
start ~ SemoqmedebiTi gzis/saqmianobis
dasawyisi
careful(ly) adj adv frTxili,frTxilad
~ dressed kargad gaTlili/damuSa-
vebuli
 სარჩევი
go ~ into v Cawvdoma azrSi/arsSi
carefree adj uzrunveli
careless(ly) adj adv dauxvewavi/dauxvewa-
vad,uzrunveli/uzrunvelad,uyurad-
Rebo(d)
carelessness n daudevroba,uzrunve-
loba,uyuradReboba
caretaker n mzrunveli
carinated adj wamaxuli,wiboiani
~ inverted side wiboiani gvardi
carination n wibo,yvavili RilkiloSi
carnation n adj mixaki (yvavili)
carnelian=cornelian n adj sardioni(s)
carnivore n adj xorcis mWameli/mtacebeli
carous n v qeifi
carpenter(see joiner) n durgali=xiT-
xuro
carpet(see rag,cover) n noxi,fardagi,xali-
Ca
v dafarva, mofena ramisa ramiT
magic ~ mfrinavi xaliCa
carriage n gatana=transportireba,sa-
zidari
carriagecraft n meetleoba=xeloba
carrier n gadamtani/matarebeli vinme/rame
carry v gadatana,gadatan-gadmotana,
gadazidva,tareba
~away v gatana,gadaRvra
~forward v ganviTareba
~ on gaswio raime saqmianoba,datvir-
Tva modis/aqvs..,saxuravis gamar-
Tva,iatakis dageba
~ ~ excavation(s) gaTxrebis warmoeba
~ ~ traditions tradiciis gagrZeleba
~ out v gaZRola(Catareba,warmarTva),
ramis/saqmis warmoeba,misdio raime
saqmianobas,reformis gatareba,saq-
mis bolomde miyvana,gegmis Sesru-
leba, gamocda ramis
~ ~ sb's promise pirobis Sesruleba
~over of sth v gagrZeleba Zveli Cveule
bis
~ through v gaWirvebidan gamoyvana
~ the day gamarjveba
~ a fence round SemoRobva
~ the roof saxuravi eyrdnoba/dayrdno-
bilia…
~ a title titulis qona/matarebeli,titu-
lovani
carrying adj ger gadamtani,tareba
~rings qvabze saxeluris amosadebi
rgolebi
38
carse n adj karsti(s)
carselet=carslet n Tori=Torni
cart n etli,sazidari,uremi
bullock ~ xar-uremi
tilted ~ Cardaxiani uremi
two-wheeled ~ orTvala ~
cart adj saurme,urmis(a)
axle n Tvlebis dasamagrebeli ganivi
RerZi
batton/tyre n Tvlis garsakravi salte
binding n apeuri
box n Zara
brake n sagduli
chassis n pl CarCo
draught-pole=pole=shaft n rvili
felly n Tvlis gare da Sida rkali
fender n Tvlis liTonis garsakravi
hob n Tvlis Sua mili/xvreli RerZis
Casasmelad
horn-yoke=yoke n uReli
king-bolt=pintle n tabiki
nave n Tvlis morgvi manebiT
peg n Wali
pole/shafts (pl) n xelna
rim n ferso
shaft n Tvlebis SemaerTebeli grZivi
RerZi
spring n Tvlis resori
sprung hinge resorsqveSa anjama
tilt n Cardaxi
~ track saurme gza
undercarriage n Zaris CarCo
wheel n adj urmis Tvali/Tvlis
cross-bar ~ jvaredinmanebiani ~
disc ~ masiuri=umanebo ~
~ with spokes manebiani Tvali
cartage n urmiT/WapniT gadazidva
cartouche n ornamentuli xvia
cartridge belt n savazne
carve v gamoTla/kveTa qvaze(Zvalze/xeze
carvel-built adj erTmaneTze piri-pirze da-
yobili aguriT/qviT nagebi
cascade n v kaskadi, gadmo(e)dineba
case n bude=hilza,viTareba,vitrina mu-
zeumSi,SemTxveva,CanTa
a ~ in point ganxilvis sagani
in ~ …. Tu..,am/im SemTxvevaSi
in any ~ yvela SemTxvevaSi
~ either ~ orive SemTxvevaSi
cased adj moCarCoebuli
casemate n Sida kedelze, an yrilze mi
dgmuli gareTa damreci gverdi Tav-
 სარჩევი

dacviTi Txrilisa; Senobis nakveTu sani jari

ri,xaro beRelSi,kazemati,namori
~construction kazematuri nageboba
~ wall beRlis/kazematis kedeli
casement n fanjara (Cveneburi)
cashe n saidumlo sacavi
casing n raime sagnis bude
casket n zardaxSa
casp v CarWoba
cast(see casting) n v elferi,sagnis ana-
tvifri,forma=yalibi,detali,sxmu-
li,nimuSi,nayari=gadayrili,mopo-
vebuli/warmoebuli saqonlis ra-
odenoba,kasta; dayalibeba,yalib-
Si Camosxma
~ away v ukugdeba
~ detail n sxmuli
~ from mould yalibSi Camosxma
~ light on v naTelis mofena sakiTxze
~ line samsxmelo nawiburi
~ lots v kenWisyra,wilisyra
~ a magic gaTvalva,monusxva
~ on(cf sew in) v daduRebiT SekeTeba,
liTonis Cakereba
priestly ~ sasuliero pirTa/qurumTa
kasta
casted adj Camosxmuli
~ in one piece(see casting)mTlianad-
sxmuli
caster n Camomsxmeli
castigate v gakritikeba=ukmayofileba
casting n ger sxmuli,detali,Camosxma
~ house samsxmelo saxelosno
~ mould ~ yalibi
~ net faceri
one piece ~ mTlianadsxmuli
~ remains nadnobis narCeni
shaped ~ mxatvruli Camosxma
~ vote gadamwyveti xma arCevnebSi
castle n cixe,saxizari
castelum/casteli n sing/pl Lat. cixe(simag-
re)
castrate(d) v adj dasaWuriseba/dasaWuri-
sebuli,dakodva/dakodili
casual adj droebiTi,yoveldRiuri,Sem-
TxveviTi,Cveuli,zerele,zedapiruli
~glance Tvalis Gadavleba/Sevleba
catalogize v aRwera,daxarisxeba,daxasi-
aTeba
catalogue n v katalogi ; aRwera,kata-
logis Sedgena
cataphract n abjari, makedonelis cxeno-
catapult n filakvani,Surduli
cataract n Woromi
catarsis n kaTarzisi
catartic adj kaTarzisuli
catch n v nanadirevi; daWera vinmesi/
ramisa
~ up v daweva(daewio vinmes/rasme)
~ plate n damWeri firfita(mag.sarkisa)
catechism n Gr. katexizmo
categorize v gansazRvra,daxarisxeba
cater for sb v vinmes momarageba
cathedral n mRvdelmTavris sataxto,sa-
kaTedro taZari,kaTedrali
Catholikos n adj kaTalikosi=kaToli-
kosi,sakaTalikoso
catkin n Txilis/kaklis yvavili
catnip n adj katabalaxa=katis pitna, Ne-
peta Cataria Lat.
cattle n pl only naxiri,saqoneli
~ barn/house n boseli
~ breeding mesaqonleoba=menaxireoba
diary ~ mewveli saqoneli
~ farmer n mesaqonle
~ man n mesaqonle=mecxovele
~ run n saZovari
~ track n saqonlis gadasareki gza
Caucasian adj kavkasieli,kavkasiuri
~ Iberian Kingdom qarTlis samefo
~ coat Coxa
~ goat jixvi
~ milk mawoni
Caucasoid (the) n kavkasieli=kavkasoidi
cauldron n samfexa,ramdenime yuriani qva-
bi
caulicole n ylorti kapitelze(ornam)
cauliculis/cauliculi n Lat. totisebri orna-
menti
caulk(ed) v adj dagmanva/dagmanuli,dago-
zva/dagozili
caulking crown gmani
~ iron siqa
cause n v sababi,mizani,mizezi;gamowveva
ramis
give ~ v mizezis micema
without ~ adv umizezod
causeway n riyis qvis qvafenili
caution n v sifrTxile,windaxeduloba
with ~ adv sifrTxiliT,windaxedu-
lad
cautious(ly) adj adv windaxeduli,windaxe-
dulad

39
 სარჩევი
cavalry(the) n mxedroba,mxedrioni,cxeno-
sani jari=kavaleria (pl verb)
~ man/soldier cxenosani meomari
cave n gamoqvabuli,exi,karstuli mRvi-
me, miwisqveSeTi
~ city n kldeSi nakveTi qalaqi
cavern n gamoqvabuli
cavetto n foso,Rrmuli
cavity n gamoqvabuli,siRrue,foso,Rrmu-
li,CaRrmaveba
cease v gaqroba,Sekveca,Sewyveta
~ to be important mniSvnelobis/saWiro-
ebis dakargva
~ to exist arsebobis Sewyveta
~ to function moqmedebis Sewyveta
ceased adj Sewyvetili
ceaseless(ly) adj adv daudgromeli,usas-
rulo,uwyveti/uwyvetad
caesar n keisari
cedar n adj kedari/kedris
cede(see cession) v omis Sedegad uaris
Tqma miwaze/uflebaze sxva qveynis
sasargeblod
ceiling n Weri,samalavi
~ arch Weris rkali
inner ~ saxuravis/weris Sida mxare
interstorey ~ sarTulebSorisi gadaxurva
pillared ~ svetebze dayrdnobili We-
ri
celandine=Nepata Cataria Lat. n adj kataba
laxa(si) (mc)
celebrate(ion) v n dResaswaulis aRniSv-
na=dResaswauloba;saeklesio sam-
saxuri=ritualis Sesruleba,ze-
imi,dResaswauli
celebrated adj brwyinvale,gamoCenili,sa-
xelganTqmuli,saxelmoxveWili
celebrity n brwyinvaleba,didsulovneba
~(prime writer) didi mwerali(mag."SoTa,
ilia,akaki,vaJa da galaktioni")
celential adj is,rac saukuneSi erTxel
xdeba
celery=Apium graveolens (Lat) n adj niaxu-
ri(s)
~ cabbage=Brassica pekinensis (Lat) n adj
Cinuri kombosto(si)
celestial adj (ze)ciuri,zecier(n)i
alignment of ~ bodies ciur sxeulTa gan-
lageba
celibacy(see vow) n ucolobis/qalwulo-
bis aRTqma
celibate adj uxrwneli
40
cell n senaki=kelia,sakani
~like hut senakisebri qoxi
~plan building senakisebri gegma(reba)nnn
cella/cellae n sing/pl Lat. cela=sakulto
darbazi
cellar n sakuWnao,sardafi
wine ~ Rvinis ~
cellarer n eklesiis mekuWnave,meRvineT-
uxucesi, WaSnagiri
celt n satexe (qvis)
cement n adj v cementi(s),saduRabe
xsnariT Semtkiceba=dacementeba
cementation n rkinis damuSaveba nax-
SirbadiT
cementing adj mWide=mWidi,Semkvreli
cemetery n samarovani,sasaflao
common/ordinary ~ rigiTi samarovani
extramural ~ samarovani soflis/qalaqis
miRma
multy-layer(ed) ~ mravalfeniani ~
multy-stage ~ mravaliarusiani ~
single ~ samarxi,romelic ar ukavSir-
arcerT samarovans=ganmartoebuli
cenotapium/cenotapi n sing/pl Lat. kenota-
fi
censer n sasakmevle,sacecxluri
censor n cenzori
census n v nusxa, aRnusxva,mosaxle-
obis aRwera
centaury n adj RiRilo(si)
Centaurus/Centauri = centaur n sing/pl Lat.
cxenkaci=kentavri
center v adv gaerTianeba,Tavmoyra,
centriT(sadme), (AmE n centri)
~around v gaerTianeba ramis garSemo
nerve ~ mTavari centri(sakiTxis,dasa-
xlebis,Zeglis)
~ upon sth v yuradRebis gamaxvileba
raime monacemze/faqtze
centered adj dmkvidrebuli,Tavmoyrili
~ around sth gaerTianebuli raRacis
garSemo
centering adv centriT.., n qargili
central adj mTavari,sakvanZo,umTavresi
Sua(Si),centraluri
~character mTavari gmiri
centralize(d) v adj gaerTiaeba/gaerTiane-
buli,Tavmiyra/Tavmoyrili,cent-
ralizacia/centralizebuli
centralizing adj gamaerTianebeli
centric n centristi
centre(see center) n BrE kera ramis,Sua-
 სარჩევი
Casaxvis adgili,centri
~ of empire metropolia
manufacturing ~ mwarmoebeli
centuria n centuria
centurion n centurioni
century=c saukune
advent of the ~ saukunis dadgoma
before the close of the ~ saukunis da-
sasruliswina periodi
beginning of the ~ saukunis dasawyisi
between the turn of the centuries sauku-
neTa mijnaze
by the beginning of N century saukunis
dasawyisisTvis
~ downed saukune dgeboda/dadga
~ drew to close ~ ileoda...…
~ progressed ~ gadioda/midioda..,
saukunis ganmavlobaSi
~ turned to the ~ saukunes mohyva ~ ris
early ~ saukunis dasawyisi=adreuli
wlebi
end/fall of the ~ saukunis bolo/dasa-
sruli
first=1st half/part of the ~ saukunis I
naხევარი
first=1st quarter of the ~ saukunis I me-
oTxedi
fourth=4th ~ ~ ~ ~ IV ~ ~
in the course of the ~ saukunis ganmav-
lobaSi
late ~ saukunis gviani wlebi
later/second(2nd) half/part of the ~ sau-
kunis II naxevari
mid ~ saukunis Sua xanebi
scant ~ arasruli saukune
second=2nd quarter of the ~ saukunis
II მეოთხედი
sth enjoyed lifespan of many centuries- ra-
Racam iarseba mraval saukunes
straddling centuries momijnave saukune-
ebi(mag.III da II aTaswleulebis)
tail end of ~ saukunis miwuruli
the mold of ~ / time saukunis/drois
mtveri
the turn of the ~ saukunis damdegi
third=3rd quarter of the ~ saukunis III
meოთხედი
two middle quarters of the ~ saukunis
Sua ori meoTxedi
with the advent/onset of the ~ saukunis
dadgomisas(dadgomisTanave,dad-
gomasTan erTad
41
within the overall range of centuries sau-
kuneTa ganmavlobaSi
ceramic adj keramikis,keramikuli
~ paste n adj keramikuli masa/masis
~ powder n adj ~ fxvnili(s)
~ product ~ nawarmi
~ production keramikis/keramikuli war-
moeba
ceramics(see container,pottery,vessel,ware)
n pl keramika
ceramist n keramikosi
Ceramyon n xelTuqmneli xati
cereal n sakvebad vargisi romelime
marcvleuli
~ crops marcvleulis mosavali
cereals n pl marcvlovnebi
cerecloth n micvalebulis samosi
cerements(see grave) n adj sudara/suda-
ceremonial n adj ceremoniali; saritu-
alo=saceremonio=saweso
~ cover saceremonio gadasafarebeli
ceremony n RonisZieba,ceremoniali
perform a ~ ceremonialis aRsrule-
ba/Catareba
certain… rig(i) n adj vinme/rame gan-
sazRvruli
(a~) adj garkveuli vinme/rame
in ~ ways garkveulwilad
sb is certain viRac Tanaxmaa…
sth is ~ (raRac) naTelia(namdvilia,
adgenilia)
certainly adv aucileblad,danamdvi-
lebiT,marTlac,namdvilad
certify v pasportizacia
cerussite n adj cerusiti=naxSitJangiani
tyvia(liToni)
cession(see cede) n uaris Tqma miwa-
ze/uflebaze sxva qveynis sa-
sargeblod
cesspipe n sawreti mili
cesspit n daxuruli kanalizacia
cesspool n nagvis ormo
chad n adj xreSi(s)
chaff n adj bze/bzis,Cala/Calis,Cenჩო(სი)
~faced/tempered adj bzenarevi
~ ~ mud n adj bzenarevi alizi
shed of ~ sabZeli
chain n adj Zewkvi(s),jaWvi(s)
chain-mail n jaWvis perangi
chains n pl usu. xelborkili
chair n v skami, kaTedra universi-
 სარჩევი
tetSi; Tavmjdomareoba
~ man/person n Tavmjdomare
sedan ~ xeliT satarebeli sa-
zidari adamianis gadasa-
yvanad
chairmanship n Tavmjdomareoba
chalcedon(y) n adj qalcedoni(s)
chalcum=chalci n adj qalki(s)
chalice n barZimi,pinaki,fiala,jamfila
chaliceform n fialisebri,jamisebri
chalk n adj carci(s)
~ paper n adj carcis qaRaldi(s)
chalky adj carciani,carcis
challenge n v gamowveva,daeWveba,uaryofa,
SewinaaRmdegeba,moTxovna,acile-
bis micema,ukan gawveva
issue/pose ~ v gamoiwvio vinme,sakiTx-
dayeneba/wamoWra,sirTulis
gamowveva/warmoSoba
challengeable adj saeWvo,eWvis gamomwvevi,
sadao
challenger n gamomwvevi vinme ramis,pre-
dendenti
chamber n adj darbazi,dasakrZalavi sa-
ani,saTavsi,senaki; kameruli; palata
accessory(ancillary,subsidiary) ~ damxma-
re saTavsi
blind ~ ufanjro saTavsi
funerary ~ dasakrZalavi darbazi
multiply ~ (d) didisivrce datixruli
saTavsebad
chamberlain n mesawole/mefsalmune beri
chamomile n adj veluri gvirila/gviri-
lis,ZaRlis qinZa Matricaria spp.Lat
~ n adj iraga,kamania, Anthemis spp.Lat
champer n dacereba,nazoli
championship(see tournament) n pirveloba
=Sejibri
chance n adj SemTxveviToba/SemTxveviTi,
SesaZlebloba,Sansi
a ~ find SemTxveviTi napovni
by ~ adv SemTxveviT
lucky ~ bednieri SemTxveva
chancel n kankeli
chancellery n kancelaria
chancellor n kancleri
chandelier n qorkandeli,WaRi
change n v cvlileba,xurda(vaWrobisas);
gadakeTeba gamocvla,Secvla
~ into v gardaqmna/qceva vinmed/ramed
thoroughgoing ~ sruli/yovlismomcveli
cvlileba
42
undergo ~ ganicada cvlileba ramem
changeable adj sacvleli(is,risi gacvl-
ac SeiZleba),cvalebadi
changed adj Secvlili
changes n pl Zvrebi=cvlilebebi
channel(see canal) n v bunebrivi arxi,sru
te; daRarva
draining ~ sawreti arxi
~off v dawreta Raris saSualebiT
chanelled adj daRaruli,sadinarebiani,Ra
riani
~building Senobis saZirkvelSi qvebi ri-
gebadaa Cawyobili da qmnis arxebs
chant( see anthem,gradual,hymn) n himni
chap(ed) n v adj bzari liTonze; dab-
zarva/dabzaruli
chape n liTonis qarqaSi
chapel n karis eklesia,samlocvelo
~ side n egvteri=ekvderi
chaplain n kapelani
chapter n Tavi wignSi,kaTedrali,cxov-
rebis rTuli periodi
~ and verse of sth (ambis) wvrilmanebi
~ house n aTedkrali=sakaTedro
ტaძარი; სახლი,სადაც ყველა
მღვდელი იკრიბება
~ lands samonastro miwebi
~ of accidents ubedurebaTa wyeba
cxovrebaSi
char(ed) v adj danaxSireba/danaxSirebu-
li
character n xasiaTi/saxe; nawarmoebis
gmiri=personaJi,rekomendacia
samsaxurSi miRebisas,forma
basic ~ sawyisi/ZiriTadi saxe/forma
central ~ mTavari gmiri nawarmoebis
different ~ gansxvavebuli/sxvadasxva
xasiaTis
mass ~ bevri=masobrivi xasiaTis
take upon the ~ xasiaTis miReba=roca
raRac Rebulobs raRac xasiaTs
characteristic adj damaxasiaTebeli
~ feature ~ niSani
characteristically adv aRsaniSnavia/damaxa-
siaTebelia, rom…
characterize v daxasiaTeba
characterized adj daxasiaTebuli
~ by sth raRac xasiaTdeba raRaciT/da-
maxasiaTebelia raRacisTvis
charcoal n adj naxSiri(s)
~ burner n menaxSire
 სარჩევი
chare n biliki
Charentia(n) n adj musties qveperiodi=ne-
andertalelis epoqa
charge n adj v movaleoba=tvirTi,Tav-
dasxma,fasiani; datvirTva/CatvirTva
free of ~ ufaso
in ~ of sth xelmZRvaneli ramis
sb in ~pasuxismgebeli/xelmZRvaneli
charging police dacvis policia
chariot(see etli) n etli
ride up ~ etlis marTva
charioteer n (meomari )meetle
chariotry n etlis/urmis keTebis xe-
lovneba
charisma(tic) n adj qarizma(tuli)
charitable adj saqvelmoqmedo
charity n gulmowyaleba,TavSesafari,
qvelmoqmedeba
charm n v andamati,momxibvleloba,xib-
li; monusxva,moxibvla,Selocva
charms n no pl jado
charnel house n dasakrZalavi adgili/na-
geboba,akldama,saxli sakrZalavi
charred adj danaxSirebuli
chart n v monacemi, datana rukaze
chase n v naribandi=narimandi; nariman-
dis amoReba/amokveTa,liTonze kveTa
waRma piridan
chased adj Rariani
chasing ger kveTa,mqandakebloba(qvis,xis,
liTonis)
~ chisel narimandis amosaRebi satexe
chasm n ganxeTqileba; napali niadagSi,
ufskruli,wyvetili,gamotovebu-
li adgili teqstSi
chaste adj uornamento; umwikvlo=uxrw-
eli=qalwuli
~ taste mdare gemovneba
chastely adv uxrwnelad
chasuble n iesos kvarTi,saeklesio sa-
mosi=kvarTi,omfori
cheap adj iaf(fasian),martivi,ubralo
cheaves n pl Zna
check n v niSnuli,aRniSvna=miTiTeba,
Semowmeba,Segueba
~ list n sainventaro wigni
checked adj Semowmebuli
cheek n loya,Rawvi
~ bone n yvrimali
~ lace n qalis saybeuri=samkauli
~ piece/shaffles n cxenis saybeuri
cheese n adj yveli(s)
43
chemist n afTiaqari
chenopod(see goosefoot),Chenopodium Lat.
n adj xvarTqla(mc)
chequered adj Wadrakuli,kubokruli
~ plan ~ gegmareba
cherished adj naloliavebi(ocneba/misw-
rafeba)
chert n adj kaJis anatkeci; kaJiani kir-
qva/kirqvis,qarsi(s)
cherub n qerubimi=qerubini
chervil n adj niaxuri(s)/veluri oxraxu-
Si(s), Anthriscus cerefolium
chess n adj Wadraki,Wadrakuli
~ plan Wadrakuli gegmareba
~ board n Wadrakis dafa
chest n zanduki,mkerdi,skivri
chestnut n adj wabli(s)
chevril n adj niaxuri(s),veluri oxraxu-
Si(s), Anthriscuscerefolium Lat.
chiarocruso n kontrasti,SuqCrdili
chicory n adj vardkaWaWa(si), Chichorium
Intybus Lat.
chief adj mTavari,wamyvani
~ designer ~ konstruqtori
~ priest mRvdelmTavari
chiefdom n beladi/beladoba
chiefly adv gansakuTrebiT,umeteswilad,
ZiriTadad
chieftain n tomis beladi
child n bavSvi
~ birth n Svilosnoba,mSobiaroba
in ~ ~ adv mSobiarobisas
chil(ing) v ger gacieba
chime n v zaris JRera/rekva
chimney n sakvamuri
chin n nikapi
chink n bzari kldeze.qvaze
chip n v anamtvrevi,nafoti; amtvreva,
afcqvna,wamtvreva,watexa,anatkeci,na-
foti
~over v garSemo Semomtvreva
chipmunk=Tamias gen. Lat. n zoliani ci-
yvi
chipped adj anamtvrevi,afcqvnili,namtvre
vi,Camotexili,wamtvreuli,watexili
chipping n ger qvis namtvrevi, mtvreva
chisel n v satexe,saWrisi,saWreTeli; amo
Tla,gamoxarateba
claw ~ brWyalisebri satexe
convex ~ amoRarulpiriani satexe/saW-
risi
chiseled adj amoTlili,gamoxaratebuli
 სარჩევი

chisel-top n saWrisis Tavi/wveri chronography n qronografia

chiton n qitoni chronological adj qronologiuri
chlamys n qlamida ~anchor amosavali/sawyisi TariRi
chock n (sayrdeni) boZi ~coverage qronologiuri sazRv-
choice(see choose) n arCevani rebi
choir n eklesiis mgalobelTa gundi,qo- ~ margin ~ zRvari
ro ~ scope ~ CarCo
choose(see choice) v amorCeva,arCeva,Ser- ~ sequence ~ Tanmimdevroba
Ceva ~studies qronologiuri kvlevebi
~ for sth upiratesobis miniWeba raRa- ~ table ~ cxrili
cis gamo from ~ point of view/standpoint ~
chop(ed) v adj (da)poba/pobili,(da)Cexva/ TvalsazrisiT
Cexili,damtvreuli,naCexi chronology(see date/dating) n welTaRri-
chopper n danawalda, safxeki cxva,qronologia
chorea/choreae n sing/pl Lat. ferxuli absolute ~ absoluturi qronologia
chorister n eklesiis mgalobeli fixed ~ dadgenili/ucvleli TariRi
chorus n momReralTa(saero) gundi loose ~ arazusti/gaurkveveli ~
chosen adj amorCeuli,narCevi,SerCeuli low ~ adreuli/qveda ~
chous/choes n sing/pl Gr. sawyao WurWeli pivotal for ~ amosavali ~
chrism n eresi,qrizma relative ~ SedarebiTi ~
chrisma n adj mironi(s) within the ~ arsebuli qronologiis
consecrate the ~ mironis kurTxeva CarCoebSi
sth yielding ~ mironmdinare chronometry n qronometria
chrismarium/chrismarii n sing/pl Lat. wminda- chryselephantine adj raime Semkuli spi-
nawilebis Sesanaxi WurWeli los ZvliTa da oqroTi
Christ(see Shroud) n qriste church(see ecclesia) n eklesia,taZari
Christ the Savior(see God,Jesus) macxovari apsed ~ absidiani eklesia
christen(ed) v adj monaTvla,saxelis dana aisles vaulted=a single nave hall ~ =
Tvla,monaTluli kuppelhalle (Germ) darbazuli ~
Christendom n saqristiano ~ ~ ~ with side annexes ~ ~
christener n mnaTlavi,naTlismcemeli gverdiTi minaSenebiT
christening ger adj naTlisReba=naTloba= central cupola/dome plane ~ centralur-
naTvla; sanaTlavi gumbaTovani ~
Christian adj qristiani,qristianuli ~ ~ ~ cruciform ~ centralur
pre ~ adj winareqristianuli jvargumbaTovani ~
Christianity n qristianoba central-roofed ~ centralursaxuravi-
convert to ~ qristianad მოქცევა=გაქრის- ani ~
tianeba court ~ karis eklesia
founder of ~ qristianobis damdgeni= cross isle eklesiis ganivi navi=nefi=
oficialur religiad gamomcxa- transepti
debeli cross-shaped ~ jvris formis ~
Christianize(d) v adj qristianad moqceva= cross-in-square ~ kvadratSi Cawerili
gaqristianeba; gaqristianebuli jvris formis ~
Christmas=Xmas n adj qristeSoba=Soba; domed ~ gumbaTovani ~
saSobao disused ~ umoqmedo ~
Christmastide n Sobis kvira domeless ~ ugumbaTo ~
chronicle(d) n v adj 1 wlis matiane; Jam- emergent ~ axladdamoukidebloba-
TaaRwera/aRwerili,aRnusxva/aR- miRebuli ~
Nusxuli,aRwera/aRwerili ~hall ~ darbazuli ~
chronicler n mematiane,JamTaaRmwereli ~monastery ~ monastris ~
chronicles n pl matiane ~ of an "inserted Cross" type Caxazuli
Chronicon n qoronikoni jvris formis~

44
 სარჩევი
~segmented by transepts ~ transeptebiT
danawevrebuli darbaziT
single-nave ~ erTnaviani salocavi
three-church ecclesia ~ sameklesiani ~
traverse-nave type ~ ganiv-nefiani(n-s) ~
twin-apse ~ wyvilafsidiani ~
two-domed ~ orgumbaTiani ~
~ with extending/perched out apse Sveril-
absidiani ~
~ with faceted apse waxnagovanafsidiani
~ ~ a projecting apse Sverilafsidiani
church adj eklesiis,saeklesio,sasuli-
ero,sataZro
~cap v gumbaTis dadgma/dagvirgvineba
~compound eklesiis teritoria
~ curtain ~ oqsino
~ dome ~ gumbaTi
~embellish v eklesiis moxatva
~ Feast puroba eklesiaSi
~narthex eklesiis narTeqsi
~pllar v sveti eklesiaSi
~ porch=episthodomos n Gr. eklesiis
karibWe
~side-chamber n eklesiis minaSeni
~ tower n samreklo
~ yard=courtyard n eklesiis ezo
churchwarden n eklesiis mamasaxlisi
churn n v sadRvebeli,sawveleli(Wur-
Weli; dRveba
barrel ~ kasrisebri/mbrunavi sadR-
vebeli
chute n Rari,kazmis Casayreli xvreli
chuted adj Rariani
ciborum/ciboria n sing/pl Lat. gadasatani
wile,dasakrZalavi baldaqini
ciborum/ciboria=ciboriae n sing/pl Gr. kibo-
rumi
cidevant adj yofili
cilanto n adj qinZi(s),Coriandrum sativum
Lat.
Cinamon=Cinnamonum ge. Lat. n adj dari-
Cini(s)
cinder n adj nacari/nacris
cinders n pl wida
cinerary vase/urn n ferflis Casayreli
WurWeli
cinerator n sakremacio Rumeli
cinnabar n adj wiTeli singuri(s)
cinnamon=Cinnamomum gen. n adj dariCi-
ni(s)
circle n iarusi,rkali,wrexazi,wre=sazo-
gadoeba
45
conjoint ~ Sekruli wre
crossbow ~ gadajvaredinebuli rkali
downward open ~ qveviT gaxsnili ~
~ open on the left marcxniv ~ ~
~ open on the right marjvniv ~ ~
recessed ~ amoRaruli/CaWdeuli ~
upward open ~ zeviT gaxsnili ~
circuit n v garSemoweriloba,garsSemovla
in ~ adv wriulad
circular adj rkalisebri,wriuli
circulate v brunva,mimoqceva,triali
circulation n brunva,mimoqceva,triali
put into ~ brunvaSi/mimoqcevaSi gaSveba
withdrow from ~ brunvidan amoReba
circumcise(ion) v n winadacveTa
circumference n garSemoweriloba
around ~ garSemo
in ~ adv garSemowerilobiT
Circumpontic SavizrvispireTi/garSemo
circumscribed adj (garSe)moxazuli,Semo-
sazRvruli/Semokavebuli
circumstances n pl usu. garemoebani,viTa-
reba,mdgomareoba,pirobebi,mdebareoba
in mysterious ~ gaurkvevel viTarebaSi
in no ~ araviTar SemTxvevaSi
~ of discovery=the find ~ of sth aRmoCenis pi-
robebi
circumstantial adj araarsebiTi
circumvent n v gadaxra; gadaxveva gzaze/
gzidan
cire perdue technique cvilis modelis da-
kargvis wesiT Camosxma
cis… amier/gadmoRma(saqarTveloSi
myofisTvis)
Ciscaucasia/Caucasus (see Trans..) n amier-
kavkasia(saqarTvelosTvis qedis
gadmoRma)
cist (grave) n qvayuTi,qvevrsamarxi, cista
cistern n avzi
citadel n Sida cixe, cixe-simagre
citara/citarae n sing/pl Lat. kiTara
citation n amonaridi=citata
cite v dasaxeleba,CamoTvla,xseneba
~ example/instance magaliTis moyvana/
moSvelieba
cited adj naxsenebi,CamonaTvali
citizen(see town) n moqalaqe,romelime
qveynis qveSevrdomi
citizenship n moqalaqeoba
take ~ v moqalaqeobis miReba
city(see town) n adj qalaqi(s),saqalaqo,
qalaquri
 სარჩევი

coastal ~ sanapiro(zRvis) qalaqi mofena rameze

edge of a ~ qalaqis ganapira nawili clarity n garkveuloba,simkveTre,sinaTle
emergence of the ~ qalaquri დასახლე- clairvoyant n naTelmxilveli
Bbis gaCena clandestine(ly) adj adv iatakqveS(a),faru-
full fledged ~ Camoyalibebuli ~ li,saidumlo,ukanono
~lord qalaqis Tavi clash n v brZola,Setakeba
lower ~ qvemo qalaqi clasp n abzindi.kauWi,mkerdsakinZi
major/principal ~ mTavari ~ class n adj sazogadoebis fena-=klasi;
mother ~ pirvelqalaqi klasobrivi
parent ~ mSobliuri ~ v dayofa,klasifikacia
upper ~ zemo ~ ~ distinction klasobrivi gansxvaveba
~ derived its name from… qalaqs saxeli classical adj klasikuri
daerqva...… ~ influenced klasikuri(s) gavleniT
~ gate qalaqis karibWe/WiSkari classification n daxarisxeba,klasifikacia
~ sit qalaqi,qalaquri tipis dasaxle- classified adj daxarisxebuli,klasifici-
ba rebuli
~ state qalaqi-saxelmwifo classify v daxarisxeba,klasificireba
~ style qalaquri stili ~ sth as sth daarqva raRacas raRaca
~ of worship qalaqi-taZari ~ under types tipebad dayofa
cis… pref. (saqarTvelodan)gadaRma,piri- classless adj uklaso
qiTa clastrine n nivTebi jgufebad
civic adj moqalaqeobrivi,samoqalaqo clatch sth v xelSi Wera,xelis Cavleba
civil adj samoqalaqo claustra(see openwork) adj Wviruli
~ architecture saero xuroTmoZRvreba claw n brWyali,dezi,saceci
~ servant saxelmwifo moxele ~ shaped adj brWyalis/dezisebri
~ strife samoqalaqo uTanxmoeba,Sex- clay n v adj Tixa/Tixis,WurWlis keci,
la-Semoxla keramikuli masa,aliziT/TixiT Se-
~ war samoqalaqo omi lesva
civilian n adj moqalaqe/samoqalaqo piri; adobe(lean,loam,poor) ~ mWle Tixa
samoqalaqo alluvial ~ danaleqi ~
Clactonian adj paleoliTis qvis indust- badly worked ~ cudad ganleqili ~
ria=musties periodi baked/fired ~ gamomwvari ~
clad adj Semosili chaff-faced/tempered ~ bzenarevi ~
~ in… Seferva ferebad ~ fill n v TixiT Sevseba.Tixis Semavse-
claim n v gancxadeba=mtkicebuleba,moTx beli
ovna,Tqma,daCemeba,pretenzia brick(loam,pug) ~ saagure ~
claimant n uflebis mqone vinme brown ~ adj wablisferkeciani
(it is) claimed that… gadmocemis Tanaxmad.. burnt/overburnt ~ damwvari ~
clamorous adj gadaudebeli china/porcelain ~ TeTri ~ =faifuri
clamp n liTonis sakerveli, samSeneb- coarse grain/granular ~ msxvilmarcvlo-
lo detalebis Tarazuli samagri vani ~
clan n adj sagvareulo,gvari covered with ~ TixiT Selesili
~ aristocracy/nobility gvaris didebulni fine grain/granular ~ wmindamarcvlovani~
~ descendant ~ Camomavali fire ~ cecxlgamZle ~
~ leader ~ beladi foundry ~ sayalibe ~
~ vault ~ akldama friable ~ fxvieri ~
clang v rekva fuller's earth n matylis mosaTeli ~
clarification n axsna,ganmarteba glazed ~ n dj qaSanuri(s)
clarified adj axsnili,ganmartebuli, grinded/levigated ~ ganleqili Tixa
garkveuli hard grain/granular ~ mkvrivmarcvlovani~
sth needs to be ~ raRac saWiroebs ~ground surface Tixatkepnili,Tixiani,Ti-
clarify v axsna/ganmarteba ramis,naTelis xis zedapiri

46
 სარჩევი

in ~ adj adv Tixis,TixiT ~ out/up v mosufTaveba

kneaded/pugged ~ mozelili ~ cleanliness/cleanness n sisufTave
levigated ~ ganleqili ~ cleansable adj is,risi gawmendac SeiZle-
limed ~ kiriani ~ ba
~lined TixiT Selesili cleanse v (ga)(n)wmenda=ganbanva
loam ~ cximovani ~ cleansing adj ger gansabaneli; ganbanva
medium worked ~ saSualod ganleqili ethnic ~ eTnikuri wmenda
modeled ~ = ~ for modeling saZerwi ~ clear adj aSkara,garkveuli,TvalnaTlivi,
~modelling tools Tixis mosamzadebeli/sa- mkafio,naTeli,dadgenili,uRrublo
Zerwi xelsawyoebi ~ beyond question ueWveli(a), kiTxvas
~ nail Tixis lursmani ar badebs
packed ~ natkepni ~ ~cut mkveTrad gamoxatuli/gamokveTi-
poorly baked/fired cudad gamomwvari ~ li
porous ~ forebiani ~ ~ land axo
rouch/rough ~ mqise/uxeSi ~ ~ line gamyofi xazi
secluded/well-worked ~ kargad ganleqi ~ mind(ed) mkafio azrovneba,gonebana-
li ~ Teli
shall n adj fiqali,fiqlis ~ not ~ auxsneli,bundovani,gaurkveve-
soft ~ rbili ~ li
straw-tempered ~ bzenarevi ~ ~ pattern mkafio nimuSi
tenacious ~ webovani ~ clearance n naprali, RreCo
tight ~ mkvrivi ~ clear(ed)(ing) v adj n tyis gaCexva; gaCe-
tought ~ blanti ~ xili; nakafi (buCqnari,tye)
unbaked ~ gamouwvavi ~ ~ away v gamogva,gamoxveta
~ for pottering=pottery ~ sameTuneo ~ ~ up v garkveva,dadgena
waterproofing ~ wyalgaumtari ~ clearest adj aSkara
~ with dashes(impurities,inclusions,inser- ~ indication of sth aSkara dasturi…
tions) minarevebiani ~ clearly adv aSkarad,TvalnaTliv,garkve-
~ ~ lime inclusions kiris minareve- viT,mkafiod,mkveTrad,naTlad,Riad
biani ~ ~ fitted assumption mkafiod Camoyalibe-
~ ~ quartz ~ kaJis ~ ~ buli/misadagebuli azri
~ ~ sand ~ qviSis ~ ~ ~ of all aSkarad
~ ~ wheelmarks keci Carxis kva- ~ read mkafiod/naTlad ikiTxeba
liT sth is ~ seen TvalnaTliv Cans
clay adj Tixis,keramikuli ~ stated mkafiod Camoyalibebuli
~ ball/lump Tixis gunda cleat n adj Tamasa/Tamasis,lartya/lar-
~ cistern n qvevri tyis
~ emulsion Tixis emulsia cleave v gapoba
~ fork ~ orTiTi cleaver n mTibavi, yasbis didi dana
~ mixer ~ sarevi ~ Galium aparine n adj Lat. begiauri (mc)
~ mortar ~ xsnari cleft n adj bzari,naprali kldeSi; gapo-
bili
~ oven ~ Tone
clemency n gulmowyaleba,patimris Se-
clay-coat(ed) v adj TixiT Selesva/Sele-
wyaleba
sili
clerestory n sarkmlebis zeda rigi taZar
clay-lined adj TixiT amogebuli/molesi-
Si
li
clergy n samRvdeloeba
clayed adj aliziT Selesili,Tixalesi-
li ~ rank sasuliero/samRvdelo
xarisxi
clayey adj Tixiani,Tixovani
regular ~ Savi samRvdeloeba
~ soil Tixnari(s)
secular ~ TeTri ~
clean adj v sufTa; gasufTaveba,gawmenda,
moSoreba,mocileba,mocla clergyman n moZRvari,mRvdeli,mwyemsmTa-

47
 სარჩევი

vari,sasuliero piri,xucesi closely adv mWidrod

clerk n moxele ~ related monaTesave,mWidrod dakavSire-
clerus/cleri n sing/pl Lat. eklesiis krebuli buli
click n raza ~ resembles/resembling axlos dgas,gavs,
client n damkveTi,myidveli mogvagonebs…
cliff n kbode,klde,xrami closeness n siaxlove
towering ~ wvetiani klde closest adj uaxloesi
climate n hava,klimati closing adj damaboloebeli,Camketi
adverse ~ mavne/cudi ~ ~ date=deadline bolo vada ramis
amelioration of the ~ havis gaumjobeseba ~ stage bolo safexuri,xanis dasasru-
cold ~ civi ~ li
harsh ~ mkacri ~ ~ wall Camketi kedeli
hot ~ cxeli ~ closure n v saketi/urduli, kamaTis
mild ~ rbili ~ Sewyveta
~spell havis cvlileba clot(ed) v adj Secxoba,Secxobili/Semcx-
temperate ~ zomieri ~ vari
climatic adj klimaturi cloth n adj naWeri/naWris,qsovili(s),mau-
~conditions ~ pirobebi di(s),tilo(si)
~features ~ Taviseburebani,Tvisebebi clothe(d) a adj Semosva/Semosili,Seferva/
~instability ~ aramdgradoba Seferili
climax n daisi=dasasruli,dacemis xana clothes n pl (tani)samosi,tansacmeli
climb n v aRmarTi ;asvla,acoceba,aZvro- fitted tightly at the waist welSi gamoyvani-
ma sadme li
clink of light aTinaTi smart ~ mdidruli tansacmeli
clinker n adj wida/widis, juRa succinct(tight,fitted tightly,skin tight) tanze
~ built erTmaneTze gadasuli(mag.kraმი- momdgari,viwro
clothing n (samefo)samosi, Sesamoseli
ti)
folds of ~ tansacmlis kalTebi
cloack n v mantia,mosasxami,dafarva
~with billowing drapery samosi talRiseb-
~with trees tyiT/xeebiT daburuli
ri nakecebiT
~room gasaxdeli(mag.TeatrSi)
cloud(ed)(y) n v adj Rrubeli; RrubliT
clock n kedlis/magidis saaTi dafarva; moRrubluli,Rrubliani
clockwise adj adv saaTis isris mimarTu- ~ by burusiT mosili
lebiT
clove n adj mixaki (sakmazi)
like ~ saaTiviT zustad
cloveleaf=Matricaria Lat. n adj gzispirebis
clog(ed) v adj Caxergva,Caxergili gvirila(mc)
cloisonné n adj tixruli minanqari/minan- cloven-footed adj orCliqiani cxoveli
qris
club n kombali,keti
cloister n TaRnari/svetnari,monasteri
clue n v gamocanis/saidumlos gasaRebi;
~ vault monastris kamara/konqi saidumlos amoxsna/gaxsna,mixvedra
close v adj adv amoqolva,daketva,daxSva, clump n koromi
daxurva,Caketva; axlo(s),mijriT(i),
clumsily adv daudevrad,tlanqad,uSnod,
daxSuli,mWidro(d),daxuruli,iqve,
uxeSad
siaxloveSi
clumsiness n daudevroba,siuSnove,siuxe-
~ identity didi msgavseba
Se
in ~ order SemWidroebuli
clumsy adj daudevari,mouqneli,tlanqi,
~ parallelism axlo/mWidro msgavseba uxeSi,uSno,maxinji
~ fitting mWidrod=uZravad,morgebulad, cluster n v jgufi, Tavmoyra
mWirxned
clustered adj Tavmoyrili,Sejgufuli
~ in style to sth stiliT axlos ramesTan
clustering=clusterty(see agglutinative) n Ziri-
~ to adv gverdze,gverdiT,iqve,axlos Tadi birTviT erTmaneTTan kons-
~ up v amolesva truqciulad dakavSirebuli sxva
very ~ Zalian axlos, mWirxned

48
 სარჩევი
nagebobebi
clutter n areuloba,uwesrigoba
cnemide n knemida
co… pref. Tana…
~ author(ship) n Tanaavtori,Tanaavto-
roba
~ capital n Tanadedaqalaqi
~ chair n TanaTavmjdomare
~ current adj Tanmxlebi
~ ~ circumstances ~ viTareba
~ director n Tanadireqtori
~ exist(ance)(ent) v n adj Tanaarsebo-
ba,Tanaarsebuli
~ finance n v Tanadafinanseba
~mingling connection(s) urTierTkavSiri
~ operate(ion) v n TanamSromloba
~ ordinate(d)(ion) v adj n dakavSireba/da
kavSirebuli,mibma/mibmuli,SeTan-
xmeba/SeTanxmebuli,Sejereba/Seje-
rebuli
~ relate(ion) v n Tanxvedra
~ ruler n Tanamesaydre/mmarTveli
coach n etli
a ~ and four oTxcxena etli
coach-box n kofo
coaching inn n sastumro,qarvasla
coachman n meetle
coagulate(d)(ion) v adj n Secxoba/Secxobi-
li
coal n adj naxSiri(s)
coarse adj gauTleli,uxeSi
~ hair adj uxeSmatyliani
coercion n Sekaveba,aRviris amodeba,Sek-
umSva,Zalis gamoyeneba
coursing adj nagleji
coarsely adv uxeSad
coast n zRvis sanapiro/napiri
right on the ~ zed sanapiroze
coastal(see city) adj sanapiro
~ area n sanapiro
~ defence ~ dacva
~ line ~ zoli
~ shipping ~ naosnoba
~ strip ~ zoli
coastline n sanapiro zoli
coat n v baTqaSi,garsi,palto; mobaTqaSe
ba,Selesva,saxatav tiloze grun-
tis datana
~ of arms farze gamosaxuli Rerbi
~ of chain mail jaWvis perangi
first ~ grunti saxatav tiloze
coated adj molesili,Selesili
49
coating n ger baTqaSi.Selesiloba=fena;
dafarva,gadalesva
~ from burning cecxlSi namyofi=muriT
dafaruli
cob n Tixatkepnili
cobalt n adj kobalti(s)|
cobble together v Sekowiweba
cobbled adj mokirwyluli
~ way qvafenili (gza)
cobbler n mewaRe
cockle shell n adj moluskis niJara
cocoon n adj abreSumis parki(s)
code n v Zeglisdeba=kodeqsi,kodi=Sif-
ri, daSifvra
~ breaking gaSifvra
coequal adj mociqulTa swori; toli=
swori
coffer n Fr. kesoni(ornamenti)
coffin n v kubo; kuboSi Casveneba
cog(ed) n adj kbilana; dakbiluli,kbile
biani
cogency n damajerebloba
cogent adj damajerebeli,udao
cogently adv damajereblad,udaod
cognate(with) adj sisxliT monaTesave,na-
Tesavi
of ~ origin(roots,significance) saerTo
warmomavloba/warmomavlobis
~ tribesman/woman Tanatomeli
cognition n Semecneba/Segneba,goneba,codn
human ~ adamianis Semecneba
cognitive adj goni(Ti),SemecnebiT(i)
cognizance n Semecneba,Secnoba
cognizant adj Semmecnebeli,Semecnebis
unaris mqone
cognize v Semecneba,Secnoba
coherence n Tanmimdevruli kavSiri
coherent adj gamarTuli,gadabmuli,Tanmi-
mdevrobiTi,logikuri,mwyobri,saTa-
nado,urTierTdakavSirebuli,logi-
kuri,wyobili
~sequence/succession logikuri Tan-
mimdevroba
coherently adv Tanmimdevrulad
cohesion n Tanxmoba,Tanmimdevroba,
kavSiri
cohl-tube n wamwamebis saRebavis Sesana-
xi WurWeli(the term was kindly offer-
red by Mr. I. Gagoshidze 2003)
cohort n kohorta
cohorts of sb auarebeli xalxi,kohortebi
coil(see collar) n v gorgali,rgoli,rkali
 სარჩევი

Semorkalva, yulfi rafxane

~ pendant n gvergvi,xatisuReli coincide v Tanxvedra,Sesatyvisoba/Sesaba
coin (see money,name,term,word,heads) n misoba,Sexameba,damTxveva
adj moneta/monetis ~ partially nawilobrivi Tanxvedra
autonomous ~ avtonomiuri moneta ~ with damTxveva
pseudo ~ ~ fsevdoavtonomiuri ~ coincidence n Tanxvedra,damTxveva,Sesaba-
bar/ingot ~ moneta-zodi misoba
bent inwards ~ Cazneqili moneta coincident adj Tanxvedrili,damTxveuli,
billon ~ xurda fuli Sesabamisi,Sesatyvisi
bracelet ~ samajuri-moneta coinciding in meaning Tanxvedrili/igive
decorative ~ mxatvruli ~ mniSvnelobiT
~ domination/measurement monetis Rire- ~ in time with sth Tanxvedrili droSi
buleba colander n sawuri
donative ~ miZRvnili/saxelobiTi mone- cold(ly) adj adv civi,civad
ta collaborate(ion) v n erToblivi muSaoba,
full-value ~ srulfasovani ~ TanamSromloba
~ of high ~ maRali Rirebulebis ~ in ~ with sb TanamSromlobiT
~ ~ small ~ dabali ~ ~ vinmesTan
~ heap/pile monetis raodenoba gansazR- collapse n v (da)ngreva/Cutva,mospoba,Can-
vruli wonis liTonisagan greva/Camongreva,CamoSla,xelis-
imitative ~ minabaZi moneta uflebis damxoba,kolafsi
issue a ~ monetis gamoSveba suffer ~ dangeva,dacema(qveynis)
lituus/lituii n sing/pl Lat. monetis kide collar(see coil) n gvergvi=xatisuReli,mar-
memorial ~ samaxsovro moneta tuReli,sayelo samosis
~ metal monetis liToni collate(d) v adj Sejereba/Sejerebuli(mag.
~ mint technique ~ moWris teqnika monacemebis)
~ minter ~ mWreli=zarafi collateral adj meorexarisxovani
~ minting ~ Wra colleague n TanamSromeli,kolega
~ obverse ~ Subli=aversi collect v masalis akrefa,samarxis alage-
one-sided ~ calmxrivi moneta ba,mogroveba,Segroveba
pattern ~ dawunebuli ~ collected adj nakrebi, Segrovili
~ pile/reverse monetis zurgi=reversi ~ funds Segrivili fuli,fondebi
~ plane ~ wibo ~ works naSromTa krebuli
radiate ~ moneta sxivana gvirgviniT collection n gundi,krebuli,nakrebi,koleq-
cia,jgufi
~ regalia monetis regalia
~ of articles statiebis krebuli,katalo-
royal ~ samefo moneta
gi(mag.gamofenis)
small ~ wvrili fuli
~ ~ Christian Hymns and Books(see Gradual)
suberative ~ suberatiuli moneta gulani
trite ~ gacveTili ~ ~ ~ laws Zeglisdeba=kanonTa krebuli
~type monetis tipi collective adj koleqtiuri,erToblivi
votive ~ Sesawiri moneta ~ leadership ~ mmarTveloba
cion v Seqmna collectively adv erToblivad,erToblioba-
~ a name(term/word) for sth saxelis Si
(terminis/sityvis) Seqmna ramis- collector n Semkrebi=koleqcioneri; Semk-
Tvis,rac manmade ar iyo cnobili rebi=koleqtori
an ar erqva amas, Tu imas collegial adj kolegialuri
~ a word sityvis Seqmna collegium n Lat. kolegia
coin-stamping ger monetis kverva collide v Sejaxeba
coinage n ~ moWra collier n meSaxte
~place zarafxanis/moWris adgili collision n Sejaxeba,Sexvedra
coined money fuli monetis saxiT colluvial adj aluviuri=danaleqi
coiner n monetis mWreli=zarafi=meza- colonnade(d) n adj svetnari=kolonada;

50
 სარჩევი

svetebiani golden adj oqros ~

collonia/colloniae n sing/pl Lat. kolonia goldish adj mooqrosfro,oqrosfrad
colonize(ation) v n Casaxleba=koloniza- moelvare
cia gosling ~ adj baci mwvane
colonizing adj kolonizatoruli green/jade adj mwvane
colonnade(d) adj svetnari,svetebiani greenish adj momwvano
colony n qalaqi-axalSeni,saTvistomo grey adj nacrisferi,ruxi
colorwash v Semoglesva=Semogozva,SeReb grayish adj monacrisfro
va hasel adj Ria wablis ~
colossal adj uzarmazari,kolosaluri intense ~ adj mkveTri ~
colosseum n kolizeumi intensity of ~ feris simkveTre
colour/color(see coloured) n v feri,Sefer- intermediate ~ gardamavali ~
va,(Se)Rebva iron-grey adj foladis ~
~alteration ferTa cvla ivory-white adj spilos Zvlis ~
ashen adj ferflisferi light ~ adj baci ~
auburn adj wiTuri ~ brown adj moTaflisfro
azure adj firuzis ~ ~ chestnut adj Calis ~
beige adj lega,Calis ~ lilac adj iasamnis ~
bige-black adj Sav-lega light ~ adj moiasamnisfro
bichrome adj orferi mat ~ adj mqrqali ~
biscuit adj Ria wablisferi ~ white adj rZis ~
black adj Savi,mura mauve adj alis ~
black-on-white adj Savi(T) TeTrze ~ tone adj movardisfro-lilis ~
blacky adj moSavo multiply ~ mravalferi,feradi
blae adj nacris/tyviis ~ mustard-yellow adj mdogvis ~
blue adj lurji orange adj narinjis ~
blue-grey/dove ~ adj mtredis ~ orange-on-buff adj aguris ~
bluish adj molurjo oriole(see buff) adj JRali
bluish-black adj molurjo-moSavo pale ~ adj mkrTali/baci ~
brick-red adj agurisferi ~ blue adj mocisfro,cisferi
brown adj wablis/Taflisferi,mura pink adj vardis ~
brownish adj mowablisfro pinkish adj movardisfro
buff(see oriole) adj moyviTalo-wablis plum-red ~ adj wiTeli qliavis ~
feri,JRali,ruxi purple adj mewamuli.Sindis/Zowis ~
burgundy adj Rvinisferi purplish-brown ~ adj mowiTalo-wablis~
~combination ferTa Sexameba range of colors ferTa gama
copper-coloured adj mowiTalo-Jangis- raven ~ adj yornis ~
feri red adj wiTeli
creamy adj kremis ~ red-black ~ adj wiTel-Savi ~
creamy-white adj kremisferi-TeTri red on cream ~ adj wiTliT kremisferze
crimson adj Jolos(Sindis,Zowis)feri reddish adj mowiTalo
dark ~ adj muqi ~ ~ brown adj mowiTalo-mura
~ blue/indigo adj muqi lurji rosewood adj moyviTalo-mowiTalo
~ brown adj Taflis ~ salient ~ adj kaSkaSa/naTeli ~
deer adj wiTel-wablis ~ scarlet adj alis ~
diverse ~ nairferi silver(y) adj vercxlis~,movercxlisfro
drab adj WuWyis ~ sky-blue adj cis/laJvardis ~
dull ~ adj baci,mRvrie feri,uferuli slate adj molurjo-nacris ~
ecru adj baci wablis ~ soft ~ adj baci/Tbili ~
fade ~ adj mkrTali ~ steel-blue adj molurjo-foladis ~
fawn adj Ria moyviTalo-wablis ~ tan adj brinjaos/wiTuri ~
flexen adj Calisferi,Ria yviTeli terracotta adj agurisferi=terakota

51
 სარჩევი

trichromatic ~ adj samferovani varcxna; davarcxnili,dakawruli,

turquoise adj firuzis ~ nakawri
turbit ~ adj mRvrie ~ combination n erToblioba,Serwyma
vermillion adj alis ~ in ~ with sth Serwymuli ramesTan
violet adj iis ~ combine v dakavSireba,damTxveva,Serwyma,
light ~ adj moiisfro Sexameba
virtue of ~ feris simkveTre combined adj dakavSirebuli,erTdro-
vivid ~ adj cincxali/cocxali ~ uli
white adj TeTri ~ currently erTdrouli/Tanadro-
white-on-black adj TeTri(T) Savze uli,damTxveva
white-on-red adj TeTriT wiTelze ~ with sb/sth dakavSirebuli vinmes-
whitish adj moTeTro Tan/ramesTan
yellow(ish) adj yviTeli/moyviTalo come v misvla,mosvla
coloured(see colour) adj feradi,Seferili ~ across v SemTxveviT(i) Sexvedra/
leaden ~ adj tyviisferi wawydoma ramisa
~ back v ukan dabruneba
flash ~ " xorcis ~
~ ~ to life v gacocxleba (bibl)
mat ~ " dabinduli ~
~ down v qveviT/Zirs Casvla,danebe-
many ~ " Wreli=mravalferi
ba, iaraRis dayra,gauareseba,
multy ~ " mravalferi=feradi
damcroba, kraxi
smoke ~ " bolisferi,dabinduli
~ forward v Segebeba,win gamosvla
colourful adj kolorituli,feradi,fera-
~ from v vinme/rame modis raime ad-
dovani,mravalferi
gilidan(mag.vinme aris saqarT-
colouring n Seferiloba,koloriti
velodan/nivTi nanaxia samarx-
colours n pl ferebi/ferTa Si/fenaSi)
play of ~ ferTa TamaSi/elvareba ~ in/into v Sesvla,STasvla
primary ~ sawyisi/ZiriTadi ~ ~ into being v aRmoceneba(dargis.xe-
rich in ~ mdidruli ferebi,ferebiT
lovnebis)
mdidari
~ ~ contact v dakavSireba vinmesTan/
richness of ~ ferTa simdidre/siuxve
ramesTan
scale/shades of ~ ferTa gama
~ ~ the hands of sb xelSi Cavardna
stronger in ~ mkveTri ~
~ out v gamosvla
coltsfoot n adj viristerfa(si),jorister-
~ ~ to meet v migebeba
fa(si)
~ ~ sphere v moqceva/Sesvla raime
column n adj sveti(s)
sferoSi
~ abutment ~ qusli
~ ~ use v xmarebaSi Semosvla
~ base(socle,stem) ~ Ziri
~ ~ view v gamoCena,TvalSi moxved-
~bolsar(chock,footing)~ sayrdeni,sadga-
ra
ri
~ to v gamoCena,mosvla
~ dado ~ baliSi
~ ~ agreement v Tanxmobis miRweva,
~ drum ~ dolabi
SeTanxmeba
~ drum-cap ~ Tavi
~ ~ an end dasruleba,gaqroba,gada-
~ in drums dolabebiT Sedgenili ~ Seneba
fluted ~ shaft kanelurebiani ~ ~ ~ conclusion v daskvnamde misvla
free standing ~ calke mdgomi ~ ~ ~ a decision v gadawyvetilebamde
high trunk ~ maRali ~ misvla,gadawyvetilebis
monolithic ~ shaft erTi mTliani= miReba
daunawevrebeli ~ ~ ~ the fore v mkafiod gamoCena,win
~ necking rings safexuredi ~ Tavze wamoweva
~ shaft ~ gula/RerZi ~ ~ light v gamoaSkaraveba,gamovlena,
~ trunk ~ tani gamoCena,dris sinaTlis
columned adj svetebiani xilva
comb(ed) n v adj savarcxeli; (da)(gada) ~ ~ the idea v ideis gaCena,azramde

52
 სარჩევი
misvla
~ ~ terms with sth v situaciaSi gar-
kveva
~ upon v Sexvedra
comfrey n adj TeTryvavila,laSqra,mxal-
Sava,Savbalaxa,Symphytum.gen/Offici-
nale gen.
coming adj ger damdegi,momavali; mosvla
dadgoma raRac drois
~ from v (ga)momdinare..,momdinare(a)
in ~ into contact with sth Sexebisas ra-
mesTan
comitium/comitii n sing/pl Lat. saxalxo kre
ba
command n v brZaneba,gakontroleba,war
marTva
hold ~ over sth gabatoneba(mag.gzebze)
commander n mxedarTmTavari,sardali
~ in chief n mTavarsardali
commandment n mcneba,Segoneba
commemorate v zeimi,wlisTavis aRniSvna
commemoration (in) of sth mosagonrad rami
sa
commemorating adj samaxsovro
commemorations n pl wlisTavis aRniSvna
moxsenieba
commemorative adj samaxsovro
~inscription samaxsovro warwera
commemorial adj memorialuri,samaxsov-
ro
commence(ment) v n dawyeba,wamowyeba
~ the degree samecniero xarisxis miRe
ba
comment n v SeniSvna,komentari; SeniSv-
nis gakeTeba
~ on v n SeniSvna rameze
commensality n Tanameinaxeoba
commentate v komentaris gakeTeba
commentator n komentatori
commerce n aReb-micemoba,komercia
commercial adj savaWro,komerciuli
commission n mindobiloba,komisia,uf-
lebamosileba
v uflebis gadacema/micema,Sekve
Ta,vinmesTvis ramis mindoba,
Tanamdebobaze daniSvna,davale-
bis micema
~with v samxedro wodebis miniWeba
commissioned by ndobiT aRWurvili,uf-
lebamosili,uflebamosileba,
mokvdineba ramiT vinmes mier
~ for sb/sth gankuTvnili vinmesTvis/ra-
misTvis
53
commit v raime arasworis.ukanonos Cade
na
~ to the flames v cecxlze dawva,cecxls
misce
commitment n dapireba,piroba
committee n komiteti
commodities n pl Txevadi masa=siTxe; sa-
vaWro saqoneli,nedleuli
common n adj saTemo saZovari; arsebu-
li,gavrcelebuli,rigiTi,saerTo
sazogado,tradiciuli,Cveuli,
Cveulebrivi,xSiri
commonage=commonality n saerTo saZo-
vari,Zovebis ufleba am saZovarze
find ~ ground saerTo enis gamonaxva
the ~ people=the commons wvrili eri=
mdabiorni
~ to all mankind zogadsakacobrio
~ will Semwynarebloba
commoner n rigiTi adamiani
commonly adv sazogadod,Cveulebriv,xSi
rad
~ found Cveulebriv gvxvdeba
most ~ ufro xSirad,umetes SemTx
vevaSi
commonplace adj gacveTili=Cveuli
become~ gaxda Cveuli
communal adj saerTo sargeblobis ram
~open space saerTo sargeblobis are
commune/community n erToba,Temi
communicate v ziareba,urTierToba
communication n kavSiri,urTierToba
avenue of ~ urtiertobaTa gzebi
Communion n ziareba
~ bread n sefiskveri
~ service saRmrTo liturgia
community n Temi, erToba
compact(ness) adj n mkvrivi,simkvrive
companion n Tanmxlebi,Tanamonawile,
kompanioni
~ object(s) Tanmxlebi nivTebi=in-
ventari
company n dasi,ansambli,sazogadoeba
n pl. verb batalionis erTi
nawili
comparable adj raime,risi Sedarebac Se-
iZleba ramesTan,msgavsi=paraleli
compare v Sedareba
compared adj Sedarebuli
(by)comparing with… Sedarebis saSu-
alebiT
comparison n Sedareba
 სარჩევი
by ~ with=in ~ with sth SedarebiT raRa-
casTan
~ with sth msgavseba ramesTan
compartment n bina,saTavsi/saTavso
compartmentalize v raime sivrcis dana-
wevreba/datixvra
compass v n gars Semovla,kompasi
compatibility n Tanaarseboba
compatible adj Tanaarsebuli,Sesabamisi
~ with sth Sesabamisi ramesTan
make sth ~ with sth ramis moyvana Se-
sabamisibaSi ramesTan
compatibly adv Tanaarsebulad,Tanaarse-
bobiT
compel v iZuleba
compelling adj gadaulaxavi
~evidence utyuari sabuTi
compensate(ion) v n anazRaureba=kompen-
sacia
comperative(ly) adj adv SedarebiTi,Seda-
rebiT…
compete v Sejibreba,Sejibri
competence n sandooba,codna kargad,uf
lebamosileba,kompetencia
competent adj uflebamosili,kompetentu-
ri
competing adj Sejibris monawile,mowina-
aRmdege
competition n v Sejibri
competitor n samecniero xarisxis maZieb-
eli,Sejibris monawile
compile(ation)(r) v dagroveba,mogroveba;
damgrovebeli,Teoretikosi,
kompilatori
compiles v moicavs,aerTianebs
compion=Lychnis/Silene spp Lat. n adj la-
maza=qoTana (mc)
complain(t) n v wuwuni,sayveduri,ukmayo-
fileba
complement n v damateba,Sevseba
with(out) full ~of sb (ara)sruli Semad-
genlobiT
complementary adj damatebiTi
complete adj v erTi mTeli,dasrulebu-
li,dauzianebeli,mTeli,mTliani,sru-
li,asruleba,srulyofa,srulqmna
~ master of… baton-patroni
completed adj sruli,dasrulebuli,
srulyofili
completely adj pirwmindad,savsebiT,sru-
lad,sruliad,srulyofilad
~ different savsebiT/sruliad gansxva-
vebuli,sapirispiro
54
completeness n mTlianoba,sisrule,
srulyofileba
completion n dasruleba
complex n adj kompleqsi,nageboba; rTu-
li
burial ~ samarxeuli ~
~ problem rTuli sakiTxi
complex(ity) adj n rTuli,CaxlarTuli,
kompleqsuri; sirTule
complicate(d) v adj garTuleba; garTule-
buli,Tavsamtvrevi,rTuli
complicating adj gamarTulebeli,xelisSem
Sleli
complication n sirTule
complimentary adj saqebi,saqebari,saxotbo
component adj Semadgeneli
~ member ~ nawili
compose v ageba,awyoba,Sesruleba,Seqmna,
Sedgena,SeTxzva
~ the text teqstis dabeWdva=akrefa
composed adj agebuli,awyobili,Sedgeni-
li
composite adj Sedgenili
composition n Semadgenloba=qsovili
ramis,kompozicia,Txzuleba
compound v adj rTuli,Sedgena/Sedgeni-
li,SemoRobili teritoria
chemical ~qimiuri Semadgenloba ramis
comprehend v moicavs
comprehension n azrovneba,gaazreba,ga-
geba
comprehensive adj amomwuravi,srulyofi-
li,yovlismomcveli
~school zogadsaganmanaTleblo skola
comprehensively adv yovlismomcvelad,
yovelmxrivad
compress v SekumSva,SemWidroveba
comprise v floba=qona
comprises v aerTianebs,aqvs,Seicavs,
flobs, moicavs(sakuTar TavSi)
comprising adj momcveli,Semcveli
largerly ~ farTod moicavs
concave adj Sezneqili,SeRunuli
concavesided adj gverdebSezneqili
concavity n Sezneqiloba,Rrmuli
conceal(ed) v adj damalva/damaluli,da-
farva/dafaruli
conceit n v Tavis qeba
conceive v Casaxva,mixvedra,gonebiTwar-
modgena,azris gaCena,miCneva,
gaazreba,aRqma
~ of sth warmodgenis qona(rameze)
 სარჩევი
concentrate v Tavmoyra,koncentracia
~ on point sakiTxze SeCereba=yuradR-
ebis gamaxvileba
concentrated adj Tavmoyrili,koncentri-
rebuli
concentration n Tavmoyra,koncentracia
~ of sth Semcveloba ramisa rameSi
concentric adj koncentruli
concept n v azri,daskvna,mosazreba,gage-
ba,idea,saerTo warmodgena
conception n azri,moZRvreba,Canafiqri,
warmodgena,koncefcia
conceptual adj konceptualuri
concern with v daTanxmeba rameze,gamiznu-
li(a),exeba
sth ~ sth (mag.teqsti)exeba/gvamcnobs...
concerned adj damowmebuli
concerning sb/sth dakavSirebiT/kavSirSi
vinmesTan/ramesTan,exeba vinmes/
mes/rasmes,Sesaxeb vinmesi/ramisa
conch n konqi
conchoidal adj niJarisebri,konqoiduri
concise(ness) adj n mokle,SemWidroebu-
li,SekumSuli,gamomsaxvelobiTi,
sityvaZunwi; simokle,sityvaZunwoba
conclude v daboloeba,dasruleba,daskv-
nis gakeTeba
~ a treaty zavis dadeba
concluding adj daskvniTi,bolo,damamTav-
rebeli
~ remarks daskvniTi/saboloo sityva/
SeniSvnebi
concludive adj daskvniTi,saboloo
conclusion n daskvna
hurried ~ naCqarevi ~
~ supported by… daskvnas amyarebs/
ganamtkicebs…
basis for ~ daskvnis(Tvis) safuZveli
conclusive adj gadamwyveti,daskvniTi
concoct v SeTxzva
concomitant adj Tanmdevi,Tanmxlebi
concret(e) n adj betoni(s), konkretuli
concubine n umcrosi coli,mona qali=
xasa
concurrent(ly) adj adv Tanmdevi,erTdro-
uli/erTdroulad
condemn(ed) adj gakicxva/gakicxuli,dag-
moba/dagmobili
condition n mdgomareoba,manera,pirobebi,
poza
in good/bad ~ karg/cud mdgomareoba-
Si
55
requisite ~ aucilebeli/saTanado pi-
robebi
conditions n pl viTareba,pirobebi,proce-
sebi
inevitable ~ ucilobeli pirobebi
life/living ~ cxovrebis ~
unavoidable ~ gardauvali viTareba
under ~ raRac viTarebaSi/pirobebSi
condolen(ce)(t) v n TanagrZnoba,samZimari,
damSvideba; TanagrZnobis gamom-
xatveli vinme
offer condolences v misamZimreba
condone v daviwyeba(s) mieca
conduct v saqmis gaZRola,eklesiaSi sam-
saxuri,xelmZRvaneloba,raime Ronis
Ziebis Catareba/gaZRola,Tanxleba
~ further v Semdgomi xelSewyoba
conductive adj gamosadegi,vargisi,xelsay
reli
conductor n xelmZRvaneli
cone n konusi
~headed konusurTaviani
~ shaped adj konusisebri
confederation n xalxis erToba
confer v ganxilva,damsaxureba,dasaCuqre-
ba,Semateba
conferring importance matebs mniSvnelobas
~ prestige on sb matebs saxels/
Rirsebas
confess(ion) v n aRsarebis Tqma,monanieba
~ Christ irwmuno/iwamo qriste
confessant n is,vinc aRsarebas ambobs
confessional n adgili taZarSi,sadac
aRsarebas amboben=saaRmsa-
reblo; sarwmunoebrivi
confessioner n aRsarebis mTqmeli=aR-
msarebeli
confessor n sulieri moZRvari
confidence n ndoba/sandooba,gamocdile-
ba,codna
confident adj damajerebeli,sando,
confidential adj saidumlo=konfidencia-
luri=piradi
confidently adv dabejiTebiT,darwmune-
biT,sandod
configurate v moxazva,Camoyalibeba
configuration n moxazuloba,forma
configure v gamoxatva,Semoxazva
confine n v zRvari,zRude,sazRvari,Car-;
Co,SemosazRvra,adgilis/sivrcis
SemosazRvra/sazRvrebSi moqceva
~ in dungeon jurRmulSi Cagdeba
 სარჩევი
confined adj (Semo)(sa)zRvruli
confining adj SemomsazRvreli
~ field magnituri veli
confirm(ation) v n dadastureba,faqtis
damowmrba; dasturi
~ for sth dasturi ramisa
confirmed adj ganmtkicebuli,dadasture-
buli
be ~ in confession of Christ ganmtkiceba
rwmenaSi
confirming adj damadasturebeli,damamtki-
cebeli
conflagration n xanZari
~swept sth xanZarma gaanadgura
conflate v 2 liTonis Sednoba,raRace-
ebis gaerTianeba,SeerTeba
conflation n Senadnobi,Sednoba
conflict n v gaugebroba,uTanxmoeba,janyi
ensue ~ gaugebrobis/uTanxmoebis wa-
rmoSoba
confluence n SesarTavi,xerTvisi
conform v miTiTebebis/wesebis dacva,misa
dageba(morgeba/Segueba)
~ standards standartebis dakmayofile-
ba
~ to v misadageba
confound v aRreva,(da)rRveva,CixSimomwy-
vdeva,Sla
confront(ation)(ing) v n adj dapirispireba,
dapirispirebuli,SeebrZolo vin-
mes,win aRudge vinmes/rasme
confuse(d)(ion) v adj n areva,adamianis da-
bneva/Secbuneba,SeSla ramis
conglomerate n adj konglomerati(s)
congregate(ion) v n TavSeyra,Tavyriloba
congregation n samwyso,mrevli
congratulate v milocva
on behalf of sb I ~ gilocavT vinmes sa-
xeliT
congruence n Sesatyvisoba
conical(see cone) adj konusuri
conifer(s) n wiwvovani,wiwviani,wiwvnari
conjectural adj navaraudevi,savaraudo
conjecture n v varaudi
in ~ adv varaudiT/varaudSi
conjuction n kavSiri
in ~ with sth adv kavSirSi raRacasTan
conjure up v moxibvla,mojadoeba
connect(ed) v adj dakavSireba/dakavSire-
buli,SeerTeba/SeerTebuli
~ in some way rogorRac dakavSirebu-
li
56
~ with dakavSirebuli vinmesTan/rames-
Tan
~ ~ each other erTmaneTTan dakavSi-
rebuli
connecting adj (da)makavSirebeli
connection=connexion n kavSiri
bring into ~ with sth dakavSireba rames-
Tan
co-mingling ~ urTierTkavSiri(Tana...)
in ~ with sth kavSirSi ramesTan
in this/that ~ raime TvalsazrisiT
make a ~ dakavSireba
connoisseur n Fr. mcodne
connotation n damatebiTi mniSvneloba
connote v damatebiTi mniSvnelobis qona
conquer(ed)(ing)(or) v adj n dapyroba,dap-
yrobili,dapyrobiTi,dampyrob(el)i
conquest n dapyroba,mopoveba
conscious(ly) adj adv cnobieri; gonebiT,
Segnebulad,gangeb,Semmecnebeli
consciousness n TviTSegneba,Semecneba
self ~ TviTSegneba/Semecneba
consecrate(ion) v n kurTxeva, miZRvna,naT-
lis mofena,puris da Rvinis gadaq-
ceva qristes xocad da sisxlad,Tav-
moyra
~ life to sth sicocxlis Sewirva/miZRvna
~ the chrism mironis kurTxeva
~ to the memory of sb miZRvna vinmes
xsovnisadmi
consecrated adj nakurTxi
consecution n Tan(a)mimdevroba
consecutive adj TanmimdevrobiTi,Tanmim-
devruli/urTierTmomdevno,
uwyveti
consecutively adv zedized,Tanmimdevro-
biT
consent n v Tanxmoba
consentrate(d) v adj Tavmoyra/Tavmoyrili
consequence n daskvna,Tanmimdevroba,Se-
degi ramisa
as a ~ rogorc Sedegi
in ~ of sth ramis Sedegad
consequent adj Tanmdevi,Tanmimdevruli,
momdevno
consequential adj logikurad gamomdina-
re,mniSvnelovani,pativmoyvare,
Sesaferisi,vargisi
consequently adv amdenad,amitom,amrigad,
aqedan gamomdinare..,Sedegad,Sesa-
bamisad…
conserning to… exeba,urTierToba aqvs…
 სარჩევი
conservatism n konservatuloba,konserva
tizmi
conservative adj mdgradi,konservatiuli
conserve(ation) v n dakonserveba,konserva
cia
consider v awon-dawonva,ganxilva,gaTva-
liswineba,miCneva,fiqri,CaTvla,
gaazreba,dakvirveba
~ sth as… gaazreba/ganxilva ramis
rogorc..,miReba(miCneva/CaTvla)
rogorc…
considerable adj garkveuli,gansazRvru-
li,gonieri,misaRebi,mniSvnelovani,
sagrZnobi,saTanado,sakmao,rigi
~ advance(changes,interest) sagrZnobi
winsvla,cvlilebebi,interesi
considerably adv gvarianad,TvalSisace-
mad,mniSvnelovnad,sagrZnoblad,
savaraudod,sakmaod,SedarebiT,
SesamCnevad
considerate adj v azriani,Wkvianuri,goniv-
ruli; gaTvaliswineba
consideration n azri,naazrevi,nafiqrali
take into ~ mxedvelobaSi miReba
under ~ gaTvaliswinebiT ramisa
considered adj gaTvaliswinebuli,gansa-
zRvruli,miCneuli,navaraudevi,
Cafiqrebuli(a)
~ as miCneuli rogorc…
~ by ~ vinmes mier
as ~ to be iTvleba/miCneulia,rom
aris…
sth must be ~ as raRac miCneul unda
iqnes rogorc…
considering… adv gaTvaliswinebiT…
after ~ sth ramis gaTvaliswinebis Se-
degad/Semdeg
for ~ sth ramis gasaazreblad/vara-
udisTvis…
consign v vinmesTvis ramis mindoba
~ to prediction v dawyevla,SeCveneba
consist of… v raRac Sedgeba raRacisgan
consistent adj myari,Sesabamisi,SeTanxme-
buli
~ habits ~ Cvevebi
consistently adv Tanmimdevrulad,Sesabami
sad
consistorium n Sesasvleli (binaSi,saxl-
Si)
console n Fr. bjeni,konsoli
console(ation) v n damSvideba,simSvide
find ~ hpovo simSvide/mSvidoba
consolidate(ion) v n gaerTianeba,Tavmoyra,
57
ganmtkiceba
consolidated adj saboloo(saxiT),gaerTi-
anebuli,Tavmoyrili
consort n mmarTvelis=mefis meuRle
the queen ~ mefis coli=dedofali
the prince ~ mefe qalis qmari
conspicuous adj TvalSisacemi,SesamCnevi
conspicuously adv naTlad, SesamCnevad
conspicuousness n gamorCeuloba,brwyin-
valeba
conspirator n SeTqmuli
constant(ly) adj adv mudmivi/mudmivad,mya-
ri/myarad,uryevi/uryevad,ucvle-
li/ucvlelad
constellation n Tanavarskvlavedi,pleada
constituent(s) n adj mTelis Semadgeneli
ram/nawilebi
chemical ~ qimiuri Semadgenloba
~fundamental ~ ZiriTadi Semadgenelni
~part ~ nawili
~unit ~ erTeuli
constitute v damkvidreba azris/mosazreb-
mtkiceba azris/daskvnis,daarseba
daarseba,moicavs,Camoyalibeba,da-
dgena,dafuZneba,ZalaSi Sesvla
~power Zalauflebis gavrceleba...
~space ramis gavrcelebis dadgena
constraint n iZuleba
constrict v SekumSva
construct(ed) v adj ageba/agebuli,nagebi,
aSeneba/aSenebuli,naSeni,awyoba/
awyobili,anawyobi
~ by sb agebuli/nagebi vinmes mier
~ in v Cadgma(mg.samarxSi)
~ of sth nagebi raime masaliT
~on the top of earlier layer Zvel saZirk-
velze daSeneba
construction n adj v nageboba,samSeneblo,
ageba
beehive ~ skisebri nageboba
burst of ~ mSeneblobis gaCaReba
~ detail samSeneblo detali=nawili
~method mSeneblobis meTodi
constructive adj gamosadegi,Rirebuli,kon-
struqciuli
~ details samSeneblo detalebi
~ idea Rirebuli azri/idea
consubstantial adj erTarsi
consult(ation) v rCevis micema=konsulta-
cia
in ~ with moTaTbirebiT/SeTanxmebiT vin
mesTan
 სარჩევი
consultate v moTaTbireba/SeTanxmeba vin-
mesTan
consulting/consultative adj sakonsultacio
consume(r)(see market) v n moxmareba,momx
marebeli=myidveli
~ goods farTo moxmarebis sagnebi
consumption n moxmareba
public ~ saerTo moxmarebisTvis(raime)
contact v n kavSiri/dakavSireba,Sexeba
be in ~ with sb/sth kavSirSi vinmesTan/
ramesTan
contain (ing) v adj Seicavs.moicavs ; Semc-
veli
container(see ceramics,pottery,vessel,ware)
n WurWeli
~ for drinking n sasmisi
contemplate(ion) v n ganWvreta,varaudi,
Seswavla,mofiqreba,Tvaliereba
contemplative life(see religious) religiuri
cxovreba
contemple v ganxilva
contemporaneous(ly)(ness) adj adv n Tana-
drouli=droSi sinqronuli,erTd-
roulad,Tanadroulad;erTdroul
oba,Tanadrouloba
contemporaniety n ramdenime movlenis/sag
nis Tanadrouloba
contemporaries n pl Tanamedroveni
contemporary adj erTdrouli,Tanadro-
uli,mimdinare,vinme/rame vinmes/ra-
mis Tanamedrove
~ objects Tanmxlebi sagnebi(mag.micva-
lebulis)
~ with sb/sth Tanamedrove vinmesi/ramisa
contend v gancxadeba,moTxovna,mtkiceba,
brZola,kamaTi,Sejibri
~for control brZola kontrolisaTvis
content n v momxre kenWisyrisas,ramis Si
naarsi;dasjerde rasme,kmayofile
ba,Semcveloba ramis
be~with sth dayabulde rasme
contents of… masalebi..,SigTavsi ramisa,
Semadgenloba,Semcveloba
table of ~ Jurnalis/wignis sarCevi
contest(ant) n v n kamaTi,Sejibri; moka-
maTe=kamaTis monawile
context n konteqsti,samarxeuli inven-
tari/SigTavsi
abstract sth from ~ konteqstidan amogle-
ja,gamocalkeveba
archaeological ~ arqeologiuri ~
in the ~ adv konteqstSi
in vital ~ cxovrebis ferxulSi Cabmu-
58
li
lacking archaeological ~ arqeologiuri
kompleqsis gareSe
out of ~ konteqstis gareT/miRma
within the ~ konteqstSi
contextual adj konteqstisa,konteqstSi
contiguous(ly) adj adv miWdobili,mWidro
(d),mezobeli,erTmaneTSi gamavali
continual adj gauTavebeli,usasrulo,uwy-
veti,xangrZlivi
continually adv ganuwyvetliv,mudmivad
continuation n gagrZeleba,xangrZlivoba
continue v gagrZeleba,gangrZoba
~ in use/to be used grZeldeba gamoye-
neba
~ to be made ~ damzadeba
sth ~ through ~ raRac drois gan-
mavlobaSi
continuing adj dausrulebeli,uwyveti,
xangrZlivi
continuity n uwyvetoba,xangrZlivoba,gan-
viTareba
~was lost Sewyda ganviTareba
continuous(ly) adj adv grZivi,mudmivad,uwy
veti/uwyvetad,xangZlivi/xan-
grZlivad
~ in field arch. exp. mudmivmoqmedi arq.
Eqspedicia
continuum n mudmiva=qonTinuumi
contour n moxazuloba,konturi
contra=con(s)(see opponent,pro..) adj sapi-
rispiro,mowinaaRmdege
contract n v xelSekruleba;zomaSi mok-
leba=Sekleba,Seviwroveba,SekumSva
worker under ~xelSekrulebiT momuSave
observe ~ xelSwkrulebis Sesrule-
ba=dacva
contraction n zomaSi mokleba/Sekleba
contracted adj Seklebuli zomaSi
contradict v SewinaaRmdegeba,sityvieri wi
naaRmdegobis gaweva
contradicting adj ewinaaRmdegeba rasme
contradiction n SeuTavsebloba
in ~ of/to gansxvavebiT raRacisgan/sa-
pirispirod
contradictory adj sapirispiro,sawinaaRmde-
go,winaaRmdegobrivi
contradistinction n urTierTSepirispireba
contralto n zili(sasimRero xma)
contrarily adv sapirispirod
contrariwise adv piruku,sapirispirod
contrary adj sawinaaRmdego
 სარჩევი
on the ~ piriqiT,sapirispirod
~ to adv sapirispirod ramisa
~ to the expectation molodinis sapiris
pirod,miuxedavad molodinisa
on the ~ piriqiT
contrast n v gansxvaveba; sxvaoba
in ~ adv sapirispirod ramisa,ramis-
gan gansxvavebiT
contrasted from adj gansxvavebuli
contrasting adj gansxvavebuli,sapirispi-
ro,gansxvavebuli
~ from adj gansxvavebuli ramisgan
~ with adj sapirispiro ramisa
contribute v daxmareba,TanamSromloba,Se-
wevna,SesZino vinmes rame,xel-
Sewyoba
~ to v wvlilis Setana
contribution n gadasaxadi,daxmareba,Semo-
wiruloba,TanamSromloba,xel-
Sewyoba,Sewevna,wvlili,Senatani
~ lay in… (vinmes) miuZRvis wvli
contributions n pl Rvawli
contributor n Tanamosaqme,Semomwirveli,
Semwe
contrive v (ga)mogoneba,Seqmna
control n v adj mmarTveloba,Tvalyuris
devneba,Semowmeba,Zalaufleba; marT-
va,meTvalyureoba,mmarTveloba,flo-
ba,Semowmeba; sakontrolo
bring under ~ damorCileba vinmesi/
qveynis
come ~ ~ meTvalyureobis qveS
hold ~ of sb/sth marTva vinmesi/ramisa
in ~ of sb vinmes meTvalyureobis qveS
lose ~ kontrolis dakargva...
maintain ~ Zalauflebis mopoveba vin-
meze
outside one’s ~ vinmes meTvalyureob-
is miRma
controversial adj sadao,sakamaTo,winaaRm-
degobrivi
contriversy n azrTa sxvaoba,dava,kamaTi,
uTanxmoeba,winaaRmdrgoba
~ about sth azrTa sxvadasxvaoba/wina-
aRmdegoban
~ is focused on sth uTanxmoebas iwvevs…
matter of ~ kamaTis/uTanxmoebis sagani
convay v gadacema (mag. informaciis)
convenience n keTilmowyobili,mosaxer-
xebeli,upiratesoba
convenient adj marjve,moxerxebuli,mosa-
xerxebeli,xelsayreli
convent n (dedaTa) monasteri
59
convention n gardaqmna,kreba,yriloba,Tan
xmoba,xelSekruleba
conventional adj aRiarebuli,Cveuli,
cnobili,pirobiTi
~ sign pirobiTi niSani
conventionally adv Cveulebriv,pirobiTad
convention(s) n rwmena
converge (nce)(nt) v n adj Tavmoyra,Tanx-
vedra,Tavmoyrili
conversation n saubari
enter the ~ saubarSi CarTva
conversely adv piriqiT,sapirispirod,ukan
conversion n moqceva raime sarwmunoeba-
ze
convert v n gadakeTeba,gardaqmna
~ into v gadaqceva,gardaqmna vinmed/ra-
med
~ to v gadamuSaveba
~ to Christianity qristianad moqceva
~ to faith v romelime sarwmunoebaze
moqceva
converted adj gadakeTebuli
newly ~ axladmoqceuli rwmenaze
convey v gadatana,xalxis gadayvana
convex adj amoberili,amoburculi,amo-
Runuli,gamoberili
~ and pressed adj amoburcul-Cawne-
uli
convexity n amoberiloba,amoburculoba,
gamoburculoba
convexo-concave adj Cazneqil-amozneqili
convince(d) v adj vinmes darwmuneba,dar-
wmunebuli
convincing(ly) adj adv damajerebeli; dar-
wmunebiT,damajreblad
less/more ~ nakleb/metad damajerebeli
convinction n dajerebuloba,gakicxva,
rwmena
convinctive adj damajerebeli
convoke v mowveva(krebis/sxdomis)
convoluted adj spiraluri
cook n v mzareuli; saWmlis momzadeba
~ house n samzadi
cooked adj mza(moxarSuli/Semwvari),ara
umi
cookery n kulinaria,sasusnavi,delikate-
si,namcxvari
cool(ed) adj v grili/gagrilebuli,gane-
lebuli; gagrileba/ganeleba
cooper n mekasre=kasrebis ostati
coparticipate(ion) v n Tanamonawileoba
cope n saeklesio samosi,xatis SeWedi-
 სარჩევი
loba,riza,safar(ebel)i
~ with sth v ramis dafarva ramiT
coping n adj lavgardani; damagvirgvine-
beli
~stone n damagvirgvinebeli qva
put a ~ ~ v saqmis dagvirgvineba
copious adj mdidari
~ finds mdidari arq. monapovari
not ~ ~ mcire/Raribi ~ ~ two-based ~ orfuZiani ~
copper n adj v spilenZi(s),spilenZiT da
ferva
arsenic/arsenious ~ n adj dariSxaniani ~
~ bronze n adj spilenZ-brinjao(si)
crude ~ n adj pirveladi ~
native ~ n adj TviTnabadi ~
~ ore n adj ~ madani
raw ~ nedli ~ (madani)
red ~ wiTeli spilenZi
~ smelting adj spilenZsadnobi
~ smith n spilenZis mdnobeli
yellow ~ yviTeli spilenZi=TiTberi
copperplate v spilenZze kveTa
coppice n ole,warafi
~(d) woodland tye-buCqi, warafi=tye
copse n ole
copy n v asli,minabaZi; mibaZva,(gada)beW-
dva,gameoreba=gadaReba,aslis gakeTeba
~ book n rveuli
~ ~ maxim anbanuri WeSmariteba
hard ~ xelnaweri teqsti
copying ger (gada)beWdva
coral n adj marjani/marjnis
corbel n bjeni,saryeli,Sverili,konso-
li.kibis safexuris sayrdeni
corbelling n Senobis Sverili gvirgvini
cord n adj zonari,Tasma,Toki,simi; Toki-
sebri
cordial adj gulTbili
~ reception ~ maspinZloba/miReba
cordiality n gulTbiloba,keTilganwyoba
cordially adv gulTbilad
cordon n zoli,sartyeli
core n arseba/arsi,birTvi,gula,gulgu-
la,nukleusi,dasamuSaveblad gamza-
debuli gverdebSemomtvreuli qva
~area ZiriTadi teritoria
bullet ~ tyviis gula
chipped ~ aqerclili ~
chisel/cutter ~ saWrisi ~
cone-shaped ~ konusuri ~
~diete ZiriTadi sakvebi
disc-shaped ~ badrosebri ~
60
~form xelawyosTvis vargisi riyis qva
~group ZiriTadi jgufi
lithic ~ qva,romelic xelsawyos gasake-
Teblad varga
prisme-shaped ~ prizmisebri ~
single-based ~ erTfuZiani ~
tapered/wedge-shaped ~ solisebri ~
~ tool gulgula-iaraRi=xelsawyo
two-pole ~ orpolusiani ~
corelate with v damTxveva,dakavSireba
coriander(see cilanto) n adj qinZi(s), Cori-
andrum sativum Lat.
cork(ed) up v dacoba,Tavdacobili
corn n adj marcvlovanTa Tesli=marc-
vlovnebi,marcvleuli
~ barn n beReli
~ drying n nalia,marcvleulis saS-
robi
~ shoots n pl jejili
~ trade marcvleuliT vaWroba
cornea n rqovana
corner n adj kuTxe, kuTxisa
~ buttress kuTxis iaqTaRi
far-flung ~ qveynis Sori mxare
~ pillar kuTxis sveti
~stone kuTxis qva,qvakuTxedi ramis
corner-and-base moulding nagebobis ku-
Txisa da fuZis morTuloba=bageti
cornice n lavgardani,karnizi
cornucopia/cornucopiae n sing/pl Lat.
siuxvis rqa
corona/coronae n Lat.sing/pl gvirgvini,
mnaTobis rkali/Saravandi
coronation(see crown) n gvirgvinis
dadgma=koronacia
coroplast n terakotis ostati
corporate adj korporaciuli
corps n pl diplomatiuri/samxedro
korpusi
corpse n gvami,micvalebuli,mZori,
leSi,cxedari
corpulent adj fer-xorciani,msuqani
Corpus Christy n qristes sxeulis dRe-
saswauli samebis kviris momdev-
no xuTSabaTs
corpus/corpora n sing/pl Lat. adamianis
tani,anTologia,krebuli/nakrebi
ramis
correct(ion) v n adj Sesworeba, swori
~ the press teqstis Sesworeba=ko-
reqtura
 სარჩევი

correctly adv sworad count n v aznauri; (da)Tvla

correctness n siswore countenance n gamometyveleba,garegnoba
corrector n Semsworebeli=koreqtori counter n adv v daxli; sapirispiro(d),
correlate(ion) v n Sedareba ramisa rames- sapasuxo(d);winaaRmdegobis gaweva
Tan,Sesabamisoba(Si) ~ attack sapasuxo Seteva
correspond v damTxveva,Tanxvedra,Sesaba- ~balance v ZalTa Tanafardoba/wonas-
misoba,mimowera woroba
correspondence n Tanxvedra,Sesatyviso- ~ brace n adj iribana(si)
ba,Sesabamisoba,mimowera ~ clockwise(see clockwise) adv saaTis
corresponding adj Tanxvedrili,Sesabami- isris sapirispirod
si,Sesatyvisi,msgavsi ~ lating n nivnivqveSa Zeli
~ member n wevr-korespondenti ~ part n mopirdapire mxare(molapara-
correspondingly adv Sesabamisad Kebisas,kamaTisas,saubrisas,mopa-
corridor n gasasvleli, derefani suxe),ramis ganuyofeli/Semadge-
~house n saxli derefniT oTaxebis neli nawili,oreuli,Tanamosaubre
1 an 2 mwkriviT ~ weight n sapirwone
corroborate v damajereblobis mimateba/ ~revolution revoluciis sapirispiro,
damateba,dadastureba Uuku(Rma),piruku
corroborative adj gamaZlierebeli,dama- countless adj uTvalavi,auarebeli
dasturebeli country n adj sofeli, qveyana; soflisa,
~ support damatebiTi sabuTi sofluri,sasoflo,saqveyno/qveyni-
corrode(d) v adj (da)Jangva; daJanguli, sa,saagarako
Jangiani,Cofura liToni ~ adjoining a sea zRvispira qveyana
corrosion n Jangi,liTonis wyluli ~ man n sofleli,glexi
corrugate(d) v adj daRarva/daRaruli, ~ out of town qalaqgareT
gofrirebuli,danakeceba/da- parent ~ samSoblo,warmoSobis adgi-
nakecebuli li/qveyana
corrupt v teqstis damaxinjeba ~ road orRobe
cortex n adj mcenaris qerqi(s),tvinis ~ side sofeli/soflad
qerqi ~ town daba
cortier(see courtier) n karis didebuli=ka- ~ wide adj mTeli qveynis,saerTo sa-
riskaci=moxele xalxo
co-ruler n Tanamesaydre/mmarTveli coup adj warmatebuli
cost n v fasi=Rirebuleba, Rirs… couple n adj v wyvili,dawyvileba/Sewyvi-
prohibitive ~ Zviri=Zalze Zviri leba
costly adj Zviri=Zvirfasi,(Zvirad)Rirebu- in couples adv wyvilad,wyvilebad
li courage(ous) n adj gambedaoba/gabedule-
costs n pl (dana)xarjebi,Tanxebi siTamame; gabeduli,Tamami
costume n samosi,kostumi courageously adv gabedulad,Tamamad
coterminous adj Tanadrouli,mosazRvre courier n malemsrboli,Sikriki
cotta n stiqari course n mimdinareoba,kursi,nakadi,rigi,
cottage n saxli,qoxi wyeba,Sualeduri rigi wyobaSi
~ industry Sinamrewveloba along the ~ rigis gaswvriv
couch n sareceli,sawoli foundation ~saZirkvlis wyoba
council n sabWo in due ~ gansazRvruli drois Semdeg
~ of elders uxucesTa ~ in the ~ of sth raRacis mimdinareobisas
Dissertation Council sadisertacio ~ in the ~ of time droTa/raime drios gan
Privi Cauncil saidumlo ~ mavlobaSi
counsel n v ganxilva,gadawyvetileba, levelling ~ gamTanabrebeli wyoba
TaTbiri,rCeva coursed masonry wyoba(aguris,qvis) rige-
counselor n aRmzrdeli,mrCeveli,razmis bad
meTauri court n samefo/sasaxlis kari,taZreuli,

61
 სარჩევი
sasamarTlo(adgili,Senoba)
~ house n sasaxle
~ martial n v samxedro sasamarTlo
~ yard n ezo- eklesiis,Sida
courtesy Tavazianoba,zrdiloba.sikeTe
courtier(see cortier) n karis didebuli=
kariskaci
courtly adj sakaro=karis
cousinet n TaRis qusli
coutious(ly) adj adv frTxili/frTxil-
ad
covenant v aRuTqva RmerTs rame
Land of the ~ aRTqmuli miwa
cover n gadasafarebeli,garsi,samala-
vi,safarveli,safeni,raime nivTis
Tavze/boloze wamosacmeli,saxu-
ravi,yda,xufi (see carpet)
corbelled ~ sayrdenebiani saxuravi
samarxis Tavze
girder ~ Zelfenili/Zeluri saxura-
vi samarxze
overtomb ~ samarxis Zelfenili
saxuravi
slab ~ samarxis gadasaxuravi qvis
fila
under ~ safarqveS
~ widely farTod moicavs,sakiTxis
farTod gaSuqeba
~ with dafarva/daxurva ramisa ramiT
wamocma ramisa rameze
~ ~ ballast/stone moRorRva
v gadaxurva,dageba,dafarva,gadafa-
reba,amofena,(a)mogeba,mofena,amo-
Seneba,mocva=moicavs
coverage n sazRvari=CarCo,geografi-
uli/Tematuri areali
covered adj amofenili,amoSenebuli,gada-
xuruli,dafaruli,daxuruli,mo-
culi
~ widely in literature sakiTxi farTod
ganxiluli literaturaSi
covering n adj safari,safarebeli,saxura-
vi ; momcveli
cow n furi,Zroxa
cowberry n adj ZaRlyurZena(si)(mc)
cowed adj miviwyebuli
cowl n anafora,kunkuli=kapiSoni
cowrie=cowry n adj kauri(s)
cowshed n boseli
cowslips=Primula veris Lat. baia (mc)
crab(see crowfish) n zRvis kibo; maJalo
vaSli
crack n v bzari Tixaze/minaze; dabzarva
62
wamtvreva,watexa
cracked adj dabzaruli
crackled adj damskdari,dabzaruli
cradle n akvani; raimes Casaxvis adgili
craft n xeloba,xelovaneba,xelosnoba,Se-
qmna,codna ramis keTebis
~ activity xelosnuri saqmianoba
~area saxelosno(Ta) adgili
~ of sth manera,xelovaneba
~ in sth ostatoba ramis keTebisa
~ industries xelosnuri warmoeba
~item xelosnobis nimuSi/nawarmi
~ production xelosnobis nawarmi,xe-
losnuri warmoeba
~ product xelosnobis nawarmi
~ skill xelosnobis niWi/unari
~ system ~ sistema
crafted adj damzadebuli
crafts n pl xelosnobis sxvadasxva dar-
gebi
~people xelosnebi
craftsman(ship) n ostati,xelosani,mxat-
vruli xelosnoba
crag(s) n kbode,madnis namtvrevebi
towering ~ frialo klde
cramp n gamiri,omboxi,yavarjeni
crampon n wriapi
cranberry n adj Zaxveli(s), Viburnum opu-
lus Lat.
cranberry n adj circeli(s), Vaccinium ssp
Lat.
cranium/crania n sing/pl Lat. Tavis qala
crank adj muxliani raime sagani
crate n minis WurWlis gadasatani Wur-
Weli
crater n krateri=WurWeli; krateri vul
kanis
~ shaped adj Zabrisebri
craw n CiCaxvi
creamery v sadRvebeli
creased adj naoWebiani kani
create(d) v adj ageba/agebuli,(Se)qmna/qmni
nuli,Camoyalibeba/Camoyalibebuli
~tension v zewola
~the world samyaros Seqmna
creation n qmnileba,Semoqmedeba,Seqmnili
ram,Camoyalibeba
~ of sb vinmes Semoqmedeba/qmnileba
creative adj SemoqmedebiTi
~ power ~ Zala
~ works ~ namuSevari/naSromi
creativity n Semoqmedeba
 სარჩევი

artistic ~ mxatvruli ~ criticize v gakritikeba

scholarly ~ mecnieruli ~ crochet n v yaisnaRi(T) qsova
Creator (the) n Semoqmedi=RmerTi cromlech n (Welsh) kromlexi
creator n Semoqmedi,Semqmneli,fuZemdebe- crook n faraonis/mecxvaris kavi
li,damfuZnebeli crooked adj gverdela
creature n arseba,qmnileba crop n mosavali,Sedegi
credence n damajerebloba,ndoba bad ~ cudi mosavali
sb/sth adds/gives ~ damajereblobas ma- bumper ~ uxvi ~
tebs/sZens good ~ kargi ~
~ table qristianuli sakurTxeveli crops n pl marcvleuli
credential n (ndobis)mandati,sabuTi,rwmu- catch ~ TesvisSorisi kulturebi
nebis sigeli crosier=crozier n mRvdlis kverTxi
credible adj sando Cross n jvari;
credibility n sandooba,TiTqmis namdvili breast/pectoral ~ mkerdsakidi jvari
credibly adv sandod,zustad descend from the ~ gardamoxsna
credit(see.debt) n vali,sesxi Diesis (the) ormagi jvari
(sb/sth) is credited v miewereba vinmes/ra Distinguished Service/Processional ~
mes gamosasvenebeli ~
creditor(see debtor) n mevale=gamsesxebeli heart-shaped ~ gulisebri ~
Creed n rwmena mag. qristianuli Life-giving ~ cxovelmyofeli ~
creed n kredo, rwmenis simbolo make the sign of ~ with three fingers
creep v fexakrefiT siaruli,cocva pirjvris gadawera sami TiTiT
~ into v SeZvroma Maltian ~ malturi ~ (bolnuris
creeping adj mcocavi msgavsi)
~ plant xviara mcenare Saltire n wm. andrias ~
cremate(d)(ion) v adj n micvalebulis da- touch ~ with the image of the ~ jvris
wva=kremacia; damwvari=kremirebuli gamosaxva jvriT
crenellate(ion) v n galavanSi/koSkis ke- adj gadamkveTi,ganivi,Tarazuli,
delSi saTofurebisa da ambra- jvaredi(ni)
zurebis mowyoba ~ bar ganiva,mzidi koWi,jvris
topped by~ qongurebiani,satofurebiani mklavebi=ganivi Zeli
Crescent(al) adj namgala=mTvaris formis ~ beam ganivi koWi/Zeli
fertile ~ nayofieri adgili ramisTvis ~ belt yawimi
cress=Lepidium Sativum Lat. n adj wiwmati ~ bow gadajvaredinebuli rkali
(s) (mc) ~ dating jvaredini daTariReba
crest n Txemi,sagnis qedi,qimi,sarkmlis ~ division ganivi gayofa
saTauri,mTis wveri ~ hafted adj jvaredinad Sekruli
cretula(ae) Lat. n sing/pl. sabeWdavi ~hatched triangles samkuTxedebis bade
crib n saqonlis baga ~ legged adj fexi-fexze gadadebu-
~ work n Zel-yore li
crickle(d)(see crumple) v adj daWmuWvna,daW- ~ like adj jvrisebri=jvruli
muWnuli ~ piece saZgidi,Zgide
cringe v qedis moxra ~ reference literaturis jvaredini
criss-cross v adv adj jvaredinad gadakve- damowmeba
Ta,daqselva(arxebiT/gzebiT),jvare- ~ section ganivkveTi,ganivi Wrili
dini v gadavla,gadakveTa,gadalaxva,
crisp adj xraSuna,fSvnadi gadaWra(gzis,mdinaris,mindvris)
criterion/criteria n sing/pl Lat. kriteriumi gadaxazva,pirjvris gadawera
critic(see) n kritikosi ~ oneself v pirjvris gadawera
critical(ly) adj adv zRvruli/zRvrulad, ~ sb’s palms v qrTamis micema
kritikuli/kritikulad ~ the Great Divide/the Styx v gardacva-
criticism/critique n kritika (kargi/cudi) leba

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crossroads n gzaTa Sesayari,gzajvaredi- crucifix(ion) v n jvarze gakvra=jvarcma

ni ~ coat iesos kvarTi
crossing(see cross) n adj gasasvleli,gada cruciform adj jvrisebri,jvruli
sasvleli;sauReltexilo,gadamk- crucify v jvarze gakvra=jvarcma,wameba
veTi crust n puris qerqi, kibos javSani
~point n gadakveTis adgili cry n v tirili,yvirili,Zaxili
crosswise adj adv gadajvaredinebuli, a far ~ from…Soreuli gamoZaxili
jvaredini/jvaredinad,Tarazulad, ~ for sb davtiriT…
siganeze,ganivi sth cries out for sth raRac aucileblad
crowd n v xalxis mogroveba/jgufi,brbo, saWiroebs mag. dadgenas/Semow-
crowfish(see crab) n mdinaris kibo mebas
crown n v gvirgvini(kbilisac),Tavi ra- crypta/crypte=crypt n sing/pl Lat. kripta
mis; jiRa; gvirgvinis dadgma/dag- cryptographi adj saidumlo=kriptografi-
virgvineba uli
~domain/land safliswulo mamuli/miwa crystallize v dakristaleba/kristalizacia
~prince(s) taxtis memkvidre uflis- C-shaped naxevarwriuli
wuli (vaJi/qali) cub n beli,bokveri
~of thorns(see ecce) eklis gvirgvini cube n kubi(sxeuli)
crowned adj gvirgvinosani,gvirgviniani, cubical adj kubisebri
dagvirgvinebuli cubit n wyrTa=0,45 sm
the ~ heads n pl gvirgvinosanni cuddle v mirqma,Caxuteba
crowning adj damagvirgvinebeli cuddly n xveuli (forma)
~ triumph sruli triumfi cudgel n argani
crude(ly) adj adv daumuSavebeli,dauxewa- cue n v niSani, miniSneba
vi,nedli/nedlad,uxeSad cuirass n meomris javSani
cruel adj boroti cuirassier n javSnosani (adamiani)
crumble n v namceci; beJva,(da)fSvna/da- cuisine=kitchen n (erovnuli) samzareulo
fxvna,(da)Sla,ngreva
cul de four Fr. n sferuli kamara
crumbled adj dafSvnili,dafxvnili,daS-
cul de sac Fr. n Suacecxli
lili,dabeJili
culinary n adj kulinaria,kulinaruli
crumbling adj Sladi,fSvnadi
~practice mzareuloba
crump n gamiri (boloebakecili marTi
cull v raime cnobis uaryofa,gadarCeva,
kuTxiT) uvargisis gamorCeva,gamoricxva
crumple(d)(see crickle) v adj daWmuWvna/daW- culminate n v kulminacia(is) miRweva
muWnuli cult n adj kulti; sakulto/saweso
crunch v n tkacuni.WraWuni,Wriali ~activity sakulto saqmianoba
crupper n cxenis saZue ~ centre sakulto centri
crusade(r) n jvarosnuli laSqroba,jva- ~chamber ~ darbazi
rosani
~ image kultis gamosaxuleba
crush v ganadgureba,(da)msxvreva,nayva,
~ of death sikvdilis kulti
ngreva,fSvna,fxvna,(Camo)ngreva
for ~ sakulto
crushed adj ganadgurebuli,(da)msxvreu-
grave ~ saflavis kulti
li/nayuli,dangreuli,f(x)Svnili,
namtvrevi,nagleji,Camongreuli ~ loaf sakulto kveri
~ stone n adj RorRi(s) ~ object ~ sagani
crusher n samsxvrevela ~ practice(s) saklto/saweso ceremoni-
ali=am ceremonialis aRsrule-
crusial adj aucilebeli,gadamwyveti,kri-
ba,kultmsaxureba
tikuli,sapasuxismgeblo,udidesi,
umTavresi,umwvavesi,mniSvnelovani/ ~ purpose sakulto/saweso daniSnule-
umniSvnelovanesi Bis
~ site gadamwyveti/umniSvnelovanesi ~ritual ~ rituali
Zegli ~space ~ sivrce
crucially adv aucileblad,Zalze ~ spread kultis gavrceleba

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cultic adj sakulto curiosity n cnobismoyvareoba/wadili

cultivate(d)(ion) v adj n miwis damuSaveba, curious(ly) adj adv ucnauri/ucnaurad,ara
moyvana raimesi, xvna Cveulebrivad
swidden ~ saaxoe meurneoba curl n v kululi,xveuli,xvia; (da)xveva
cultural adj kulturuli curle(d) adj xveuli, xuWuWi Tma
~affinity kulturuli msgavseba/siaxlo- ~ up v dagrexa,dagrexili
ve curlicue adj rTuli,saocari,ucnauri,Cax-
~break ~ wyvetili larTuli
~debris ~ naSTebi curly adj xveuli,xuWuWi
~environment ~ garemo currant n adj mocxari, Ribes spp. Lat.
~formation zone kulturia Camoyalibe- black ~ Savi ~ ~ nigrum Lat.
Bis adgili red ~ wiTeli ~ ~ rubrum Lat.
long ~ sequence sqeli ~ fena currency n adj fulis brunva,valuta/sa-
culturally adv kulturulad,kulturis valuto
TvalsazrisiT ~ bar fuli-zodi
culture n kultura in ~ fuli mimoqcevaSi
material ~ materialuri ~ current n adj dineba,nakadi; axlandeli,
culture=culturize(see acculture) v gakultu- Tanamedrove,raime mimdinare erT-
reba droulad ramesTan,tradiciuli,
cultured=culturuzed adj gakulturebuli winamdebare (mag. naSromi)
cumbersome adj mouxeSavi,mZime,uxeSi sth is ~ mimdinareobs/xdeba raRac;
cumulate(ion) v n raimes grovad Sekreba kvlav/jer kidev)ixmareba/xma-
cumulative adj erToblivi rebaSia
cuneiform adj solisebri back ~ ukudineba
~ characters lursmuli asoebi ~ indication of sth (aSkara) dasturi rami
in ~ lursmulad sa
~ script lursmuli damwerloba pass ~ fulis/monetis gamoSveba
coniferous n adj wiwviani xe/xis ~ state of sth mimdinare viTareba,arsebu
li mdgomareoba ramisa
cup n finjani
sth seem ~ Cans(raRac)farTod moixma-
~ bearer n meriqife,mwde
reba
bleeding ~ sisxlis gamosaSvebi Wur-
~ tender sagadasaxado erTeuli
Weli
currently adv amJamad,axla,raime erTdro-
~ board n ganjina,WurWlis karada
ulad ramesTan,mudmivad
communion ~ ziarebis WurWeli
curriculum/curricula n sing/pl Lat. swavlisa
culellate v liTonze amoWril figuraSi
da Sromis ganvlili gza
sxva liTonis Casxma
~ vitae (BrE)(cf.resume) SromiTi (avto)bi-
cupid n kupidoni
ografia
cupidity n angareba
curse n v SeCveneba,wyevla
cupola(see dome) Fr. n gumbaTi,raime sag-
~ by bell,book and candle eklesiidan gan-
nis Tavi
kveTa
~ like adj gumbaTisebri
cursed adj dawyevlili,SeCvenebuli
cupped hand n peSvi,muWi
cursory adj arasistemuri,dauxvewavi,zere
cupro-nickel n adj melqiori(s)
le,zedapiruli
curacy n mRvdlis xarisxi
~ assessment zedapiruli Sefaseba
curative adj ganmkurnebeli,gamajansaRebe-
~ glance at sth Tvalis Sevleba rameze
li,samkurnalo
~ manner dauxvewavi manera
curb n lagmis tuCqveSa jaWvi,lagmiani
~ nature zerele buneba/xasiaTi
aRviri
cursorily adv bundovnad,zereled
cure n v mkurnaloba,gamojanmrTeleba,
curtail(ment) v n Semokleba,Semcireba,Ca-
gankurneba
moWra
~ by the touch gankurneba SexebiT
curtain n farda
curia n kuria

65
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curvator(see curving) n simrgvale
curve(d) v n adj (mo)kecva/Runva,(amo)kve-
Ta qvaze/xeze,CuqurTmis Wra; nake-
ci,gzis mosaxvevi,CuqurTma; (amo)-
zneqili/zurguli,(mo)kecili/Runu-
li,moCuqurTmebuli,CaWrili
=cuma recta ~ =sinuous profile grexili
batiyela
~in one piece raimes gamokveTa er-
Ti mTliani naWrisgan
~ into v amoRrueba
~ inwards v SeRunva,CaRunva
pollen ~ mtvrianebis mrudi
curver n CuqurTmis mWreli
(in) curves adv wriulad
curving(see curvator) n simrgvale
curvilinear adj grexilxazovani,talRova-
ni,talRisebri,xveuli
~house mrudxazovani saxli
~pattern ~ ornamenti
cushion n baliSi (sawolSi)
cusp n axali mTvare,rkali,raime sag-
nis wvetiani Sverili,mrudis moxris/
ori mrudis gadakveTis wertili
custodia/custodiae n sing/pl Lat. dacva,Se-
narCuneba(cecxlis),luqi
custodian n mzrunveli,meurve,muzeumis
meTvalyure
custody n dacva,meurveoba
custom n adaTi,Cveva/Cveuleba,wesi=ri-
tuali
become ~ v Cveulebad qceva,wesad da
mkvidreba
in ~ (s) of… (raime) stilSi
customary adj adaTebrivi,aRiarebuli,Cve-
uli,wesad aRiarebuli
customs and mores wes-Cveulebani
cut n (ga)naseri/naWeri,gadanaWeri,ganiv-
kveTi,Wrili
adj gaWrili,daWrili,dakuTxuli,da-
waxnagebuli,Tlili
v (ga)Wra,daserva,dawaxnageba,(wa)Tla/
kveTa,Rarva,(Se)yelva/Wra
~ abruptly short by v moulodneli/
swrafi Sewyveta ramis keTebis
~ away v gadaWra,mokveTa,CamoWra,wak-
kveTa
~ down trees and bushes v gakafva
~ in/into v gaWra,CaWra
~ in metal/stone v liTonze/qvaze kveTa
~ glass n adj broli(s)
~ off v (Camo)Soreba/Wra
66
~ out v (g)amoWra,(amo)kveTa
~short v aRkveTa raime moqmedebis
~through v kveTs/Wris mag.mdinare qeds
cutler n danis mkeTebeli ostati
cutter n Wdis damsmeli
cutting adj ger mWreli(mag.piri);Wra,Wri-
li velze
~ out n amonaWeri
cyathus/cyathi n sing/pl Gr. kiafosi
cycle n cikli
productive ~ sawarmoo cikli
cyclic adj cikluri
cycling adj. Ramis damuSavebis cikluri
wesi
cylinder n cilindri (sxeuli)
low ~ dabalcilindruli
cylindric(al) adj cilindruli
cyma/cymae n sing/pl Lat. batiyela
~ recta n swori ~
~ reversa n rvianis formis ~
cymatium/cymationi n pl Lat. kimaTi-
onebi=qimationebi
cymatium/cymation n sing/pl Gr. ki-
maTia=lilvaki
cymatium n sing. Lat. kimaTioni=qi-
mationi
cymbal n TefSebi (sakravi)
cymbalo n winwila ~
cypress n adj kiparisi(s)
Cyzicus n kiziki (fuli)
D
dado n zeZirkveli,paneli,cokoli,kvar-
cxlbekis kubi bazasa da karnizs
Soris,svetis baliSi
Daedalian/Daedalic adj gonebamaxviluri,
CaxlarTuli,rTuli,absurduli
da(e)mon n demoni,macduri,avi suli
drive/exocise ~ avi sulis gandevna
malignant ~ avi/mavne suli
regular ~ namdvili eSmaki
dagger n satevari
cranked ~ muxliani ~
double/two-bladed ~ (or)lesuli/fxiani
double handled ~ saorxelo ~
flamy-shaped ~ alisebri ~
leaf-like ~ foTlisebri ~
one piece casting ~ mTlianadsxmuli ~
pointed/sharp ~ saCxvleti ~
ribbed ~ qediani ~
short ~ mokle ~
sickle-like ~ namglisebri ~
 სარჩევი

stubbing/thrusting ~ saZgerebeli ~ damage n v zadi,ziani,dazianeba,nakli;

sword-like ~ xmlisebri ~ gafuWeba,dazianeba,dazaraleba,
unfluted ~ uSaSaro ~ zarali
~ with arched blade morkaluli ~ damaged adj dazianebuli=nakluli niv-
~ ~ (a) chute(s)/flute(s) SaSariani ~ Ti/xelnaxlebi samarxi
~ ~ composite/sectioned handle Sedgen- damb adj yru
iltariani ~ damn(ed) v adj dagmoba/dagmobili,dawyev
~ ~ cut end bolokveTili ~ la/dawyevlili
~ ~ wide rib farTeqediani ~ damnation n gmoba,wyevla
dagger adj satevris dandelion n adj babuawvera(si)
~ blade ~ piri danger n safrTxe,saSiSroeba
~ butt ~ taris dasamagrebeli adgili under ~ adv safrTxis qveS
~ chute/flute ~ SaSari dangerous adj saSiSi,SiSis momgvreli
~ edge ~ mWreli piri dangling adj Tavisuflad kiduli
~ midrib ~ qedi dare v gabedva
~ handle ~ satare/tari daring(ly) adj adv gabeduli/gabedulad,
~ ~ buff ~ xis tari Tamami/Tamamad,laRi/laRad
~ ~ double funnel-shaped ~ orkapa ~ Darius/Darii n sing/pl Lat. dariki(moneta)
~ ~ filigree/open-work ~ dafanjruli~ dark(en) adj v bneli,muqi; dabneleba,ga-
~ ~ flange ~ taris kide muqeba/damuqeba
~ ~ haft ~ satare Sverili be in ~ arcodna,gaurkvevlobaSi yofna
~ ~ halve ~ saxeluris Tavi ~ ~ darkness n sibnele
top ~ saxeluris Tavi/taris qudi darn(ed) v adj dakemsva/dakemsili
~ ~ hilt ~ tari=xelis Casavlebi ad- dart n isari/soli=xuroTmoZRvruli de-
gili tali
~ ~ hob ~ taris mili dash n mokle xazi,tire,Strixi
~ ~ hole ~ satare xvreli dashes n pl minarevebi(mag.TixaSi)
~ ~ plug-shafted/socketed ~ masriani datable adj daTariRebisaTvis vargisi=
Rru tari is, risi daTariRebac SeiZleba
~ ~ rivet-hole/perforation ~ samanWvle sth is more readily ~ raRac ufro
naxvreti (advilad)TariRdeba
~ ~ V-perforation ~ samkuTxa samanWv- date n dro,TariRi,kalendris ricxvi
le naxvreti absolute ~ absoluturi TariRi
~ ~ with a pair of scales ~ firfitebdak- approximate ~ miaxloebiTi ~
ruli tari closely ~ ~ zedmiwevniT ~ ~
~ pommel ~ kexi ascribe the ~ daTariReba=TariRis mi-
~ ricasso ~ vada kuTvneba
~ shaft ~ satare Sverili assess/assign ~ TariRis gansazRvra/
~ ~ top ~ saxeluris/taris Tavi dadgena
~ shoulder ~ mxari ~can be placed… TariRi SeiZleba Caj-
~ staff ~ vada,masriani Rru tari des…
~ tang ~ yunwi change the ~ TariRis Secvla=gadaTa-
riReba
daily adj adv dRiuri/sayoveldReo; dRi-
comperative ~ SedarebiTi TariRi
urad/dRisiT
confirm(ation) (of) ~ v n TariRis dadas-
~ life/routine yoveldRiuroba
tureba raime masaliT/faqtiT
dais n baqani
corresponds… TariRi Tanxvdeba(emTx-
dale n veli=dablobi,veli mdinariT
veva,modis,Seesabameba)
down ~ adv dablobSi
disputable/disputed ~ sadao ~
deliver me (from sth) mixseni,ufalo!
early ~/earlier in ~ adre(uli) TariRi(T)
dam n v zRudari=uReli,kaSxali,saZgi-
equivalent ~ erTnairi ~
di,Zgide,jebiri; wylis dagubeba/ga-
~ in ~ Tanadrouli=erTnairi ~
daketva, sagubari

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erratic ~ meryevi/cvalebadi ~ ~ by/to TariRdeba…

establish ~ for… TariRis gansazRvra/ ~ ~ ~ around N ages ~ daaxloebiT
dadgena N xanebiT
exact ~ zusti TariRi ~by some artifact ~ raime nivTiT
~falls in/within the period… TariRi eqceva ~ ~ feature ~ ~ niSniT
(modis,faravs,jdeba)… ~by/to early ages ~ adreuli xanebiT
fixed ~ dadgenili/mtkice TariRi ~ ~ ~ late ~ ~ gviani ~
foundation ~ raimes daarsebis TariRi ~ ~ ~ middle ~ ~ Sua ~
in ~ TariRiT/TariRis mixedviT… ~ ~ ~ ~ late ~ ~ gviani Sua ~
in ~ sth falls in… TariRi(T) Tavsdeba/ can(may/might) be ~ SeiZleba(albaT/
Tanxvdeba savaraudod) daTariRdes…
incline of the ~ TariRis gadaxra ~ ~ ~ be ~ as far back as N cent/mil.
~ ~ to the… TariRi ixreba ...ken SeiZleba(albaT/savaraudod)daTa-
late in ~/later ~ gviani TariRi(T) riRdes iseTi adreuli xaniT ro-
~ lies… TariRi modis/faravs...… goricaa...…
~ ~ within the cinfines of… TariRi jdeba ~ ~ ~ be ~ as late as… SeiZleba
(sa)zRvrebSi… (albaT/savaraudod) DdaTariRdesDD
pivotal ~ amosavali TariRi DD iseTi gviani xaniT rogorica…
precise ~ zusti TariRi firmly ~ by/to TariRdeba zustad/myarad
provide/provision of ~ TariRis dadgena ~ from… TariRdeba...…
push back ~ TariRis gadaweva ukan/da- ~ ~ onwards aqedan moyolebuli
Zveleba mostly ~ umetesad/ufro TariRdeba...…
~ rangs from…in…TariRi meryeobs ...dan… ostensibly ~ savaraudod TariRdeba...
...mde roughly ~ zereled/winaswarulad ~
~ ~ from…to… ~ Tavsdeba …dan...mde securely ~ saimedod/myarad ~
relative ~ SefardebiTi ~ tentavily ~ miaxloebiT,savaraudod ~
reliable ~ sando ~ ~to… TariRdeba...
rough ~ zogadi/winaswari ~ ~to early/late ~ adre/gvian...
rounded ~ damrgvalebuli ~ ~ to no later than… TariRdeba araugvi-
~runs into following (N period of time) Ta- anes…
riRi gadadis momdevno periodSi ~ within cent/mill. ~ sauk/aTaswl. So-
secure ~ sando/myari TariRi ris periodiT
~spans TariRi vrceldeba/faravs... date(s) n adj finiki(s)
starting ~ amosavali/sawyisi ~ dates from v TariRdeba/miekuTvneba…
sth gives ~ raRac iZleva N TariRs ~ from between the turn of cent/mill. ~
uneasy about ~ gaurkvevloba TariRiTan sauk./aTaswlwulebis mijniT
mimarTebaSi dateshaped adj daTariRebuli
date v daTariReba dating n TariRi(daTariReba),daTari-
~around…TariRdeba daaxloebiT... Rebuli
~ before the close of th N cent/mill ~ sauk/ absolute ~ absoluturi ~
aTaswl.dasasrulis wina xaniT cross ~ jvaredini daTariReba
~ by late in the cet/mill. ~ N sauk/aTasw. sequence ~ Tanmxvedri TariRi
dasasruliT sth corresponds to some ~ raRac Sesa-
~ by archaeological context ~ arqeoleo- bamisia raRac TariRisa
giuri kompleqsis mixedviT sth supports the ~ TariRs amyarebs...…
~comes from…TariRdeba ...dan typology ~ tipebis mixedviT daTa-
~ to the same time ~ imave droiT riReba
seem to ~ to/by ~ TiTqos unda Ta- varve ~ daTariReba fenebis mixed-
riRdebodes… viT
dated adj daTariRebuli adj damTariRebeli
~admittedly sandod/saerTo aRiarebiT ~ event ~ movlena
~ by sb ~ vinmes mier ~ indication ~ niSani/gamovlineba

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 სარჩევი
~ inscription ~ warwera
~ item ~ nivTi/sagani
~ significance ~ mniSvneloba/damaxasi-
aTebeli niSani
adj daTariRebuli(raRac peri-
odiT)
~ after the middle of… ~ Sua xanebis
Semdgomi periodiT
~ before the middlr of… ~ Sua xaneba-
mde periodiT
~ from TariRdeba/daTariRebuli
~ ~ the beginning of N cent/mill. ~ N
sauk/aTasw. dasawyisiT
~ ~ between the turn of the cent/mill. ~
N-N sauk/aTasw. mijniT
~ ~ the N cent/mill. or even N cent/mill. ~
an N sauk/aTasw. an ufro N sauk/
aTasw.
~ ~ the 1st half/part of the N cent/mill. ~
N sauk/aTasw. I naxevri
~ ~ the 1st(2nd,3rd,4th) quarter of the N
cent/mill. ~ I(II,III,IV) meoTxediT
N sauk/aTasw.
~ ~ last quarter of the N cent/mill. ~ N
sauk/aTasw. bolo meoTxediT
~ ~ the late N cent/mill. or early N cent/mill.
~ N sauk/aTasw. boloTi, an N sauk/
aTasw. dasawyisiT
~ ~ the later half/part of the N cent/mill. ~
N sauk/aTasw. meore naxevriT
~ ~ the mid N cent/mill. ~ N sauk/aTasw.
SuaxanebiT
~ ~ (at) the turn of… TariRdeba mijniT.
~ roughly contemporaneous… ~ TiTqos Ta-
nadrouli periodiT/TiTqos Tana-
droulia
~ to the end/fall of the N cent/mill. ~ N sauk/
aTasw. boloTi/dasasruliT
~ to the two middle quarters of the N cent/mill.
~ N sauk/aTasw. Sua ori meoTxediT
~ to the same time ~ imave droiT,rac…
datum/data n sing/pl Lat. monacemi,cnoba
~ base/sheet n monacemTa baza
~ coincide/are consistent monacemebi
emTxveva
~ rely upon… monacemebi eyrdnoba…
stratigraphic ~ stratigrafiuli ~
unsufficient ~ Seusabamo ~
daub v Selesva,wasma
daughter n qaliSvili=gogo(na) Svili
daunting adj saSiSi,gamaognebeli,rTuli
dauntless adj uSiSi,uSiSari
dawn n prep. v ganTiadi,ciskari;gamoRvi-
69
Zeba,gamoCena,dawyeba
day n dRe
All Saints' Day yvelawmindis dRe
~ break n gariJraJi
in sb's ~ vinmes(mag.ilias)dros
~ off n dasvenebis=uqme dRe
~ light n dRe,dris sinaTle
modern ~ dRevandeli,Tanamedrove
one ~ erTxelac...…
present ~ dRevandeli
to this ~ dRemde,aqamde,Tanamedrove-
veobamde
days of one's prime vinmes pirvelobis
xana
dazzle v dabrmaveba,daCrdilva,Seferva
dazzling adj didebuli,Tvalwarmtaci,ga-
maognebeli,TvalismomWreli
deacon n diakvani
dead n adj micvalebuli=gansvenebuli;
mkvdari
it is a ~ fish amaoa=aqedan araferi gamo
va
deadline n ramis Sesrulebis bolo vada
deadlock n Cixi
deadly nightshade n adj ZaRlis pitna(mc)
deal n raRacis nawili,sakmaod bevri
a good ~ didi raodenoba/wili
~ with v azris gaziareba,ganxilva,ur-
TierToba,ganicado rame
~with sb/sth v urTierToba vinmesTan/
Ganxilva ramis
dealing n ger qceva,Camorigeba
be ~ with sth saqme gvaqvs...…
we are ~ with… saqme gvaqvs...
dealings n pl urTierTobebi…
dear adj sanukvari,Zvirfasi
dearly adv siyvaruliT...
~ bought victory Zviri/Zvirfasi gamarj-
veba
~ loved Zalze sayvareli/Zvirfasi
adamiani
dearth n simcire,moTxovna/moTxovnileba
death(see die) n daRupva,sikvdili
~ mask micvalebulis saxis anatvifri
deathbed n sasikvdilo sareceli
deathly adj samariseburi
debasement n gaubraloeba
debatable adj sakamaTo
debate n v ganxilva,kamaTi
arose a ~ kamaTis wamowyeba
hot ~ cxare kamaTi
matter/subject of ~ ganxilvis/kamaTis
 სარჩევი
Tema/sagani
debilitate v awon-dawonva,yoymani,dasuste-
ba
debitage n maragi=debiti
debris n pl (Camo)naSali,nayari,namsxvre-
vebi,nangrevebi
debt(or)[ see credit(or)] n vali; movale=
visac vali aqvs aRebuli)
decagon n adj aTwaxnagi(sxeuli),aTwax-
naga
decapitate(see burial) v Tavis mokveTa
decapitation n adj Tavis kveTa,Tavmoikve-
Tili
decay n v dasasruli=kvdoma; gaxrwna,
gafuWeba,gaqroba,daknineba,aRgva pi-
risagan miwisa,mzis Casveneba,lpoba,
(Ca)kvdoma,daviwyebas mieca,Caikarga
~ into v damcroba(mag. qalaqisa
soflad),daknineba
decayed adj aRgvili,gamqrali,gafuWe-
buli,gaxrwnili,dakninebuli,
damcrobili,dampali,Camkvdari
deceased n adj micvalebuli,gardacv-
lili
deceitful(ly) adj adv veraguli/veragulad,
moRalaturi/moRalaturad
December n dekemberi=apnisi=tirisde-
ni=qristeSobisa
decide(d) v adj gadawyveta/gadawyveti-
li,gadawyvetilebis miReba
deciding adj gadamwyveti,gadamWreli,
mTavari
~ vote gadamwyveti xma
deceive v gandgoma,motyueba,Ralati,
ndobis gacrueba
decipher(ed)(ment)[see decode(d)] v adj
n gaSifvra/gaSifruli
decision n gadawyvetileba,dadgenileba
~ making body gadawyvetilebis mim-
Rebi jgufi
decisive adj gadamwyveti,gadamWreli
~ blow ~ dartyma
~ point ~ mniSvnelovani
sakiTxi
~ ~ to explain sth gadamwyveti ram
ramis asaxsnelad
decboard n iatakis ficari
deckboards n pl ficris iataki
declare v aRiareba,gamocxadeba
~ against the King moiTxovo mefis
Camogdeba
decline(d) v adj acileba,gaqroba/gamqra-
li,dasruleba,dacema/dacemuli,uar
70
yofa/uaryofili,(Ca)kvdoma/mkvdari
declining days daisi,bolo/mimwuxris dRe
ebi
~ years siberis wlebi/mixrwnileba
declivity n daRmarTi
decode(d)[see decipher(ed)] v adj amokiTx-
va/amokiTxuli,gaSifvra/gaSifruli
decorate(d) v adj gawyoba/gawyobili,mo-
kazmva/mokazmuli,morTva/morTuli,
Semkoba/Semkuli(Semkobili),saxiani,
ornamentirebuli
decoration(see design,motif,ornament,pattern)
n morTuloba,Semkuloba,ornamenti,
ornamentacia,samkauli
applique ~ zoli-ornamenti
architectural ~ xuroTmoZRvruli samka-
uli
bas-relief ~ dabali reliefi ~
body ~ samkauli,sxeulis moxatva
chanelled ~ daRaruli ~
exterior ~ gare morTuloba
false relief ~ cru reliefi ~
herring-bone ~ grigala/Tevzifxuri ~
interior ~ Sida morTuloba
light/low relief ~ msubuqi reliefi ~
mode of ~ ornamentis saxe
~ of applique cordon(s) amoburculi zoli
naWdevebiT
~ of gathers naoWebis ~
~ of hatchered triangles badisebri rombeb-
is ~
~ of lock rings wreebis ~
~ of pressed band amoRaruli sartyeli
opulent ~ mdidruli(rTuli/uxvi) ~
pittied ~ fosoebiani ~
plain/simple ~ martivi(sada.Zunwi) ~
relief ~ reliefuri ~
relief-work ~ maRali reliefis ~
rippled ~ talRisebri ~
rusticated ~ CxiriT gakeTebuli ~
sophisticated ~ mdidruli/rTuli ~
stamped ~ datvifruli/natvifri ~
decorative adj ornamentuli
~art ferwera
~ pieces ornamenti,samkauli
decrease v dacema,dacxroma,(Ca)kvdoma,
kleba,interesis ganeleba,Semcireba
~ of production warmoebis kvdoma
decreased adj daklebuli,damcxrali,ga-
nelebuli interesi,Semcirebuli,
Camkvdari
decree n v eklesiis/mefis brZanebuleba,
 სარჩევი

dekreti; brZanebulebis gamocema ~ one’s position vinmes azris dacva

decrepit(ude) v adj n gacveTa; gadaxCu- defended adj daculi
ebuli; gacveTiloba defender n damcveli=damcavi
decumenus maximus Lat. mTavari quCa defer v saqmis gadadeba
dedicate v eklesiis kurTxeva,miZRvna deficiency n ukmarisoba,nakleboba
dedicated adj erTguli,Tavdadebuli defile(see ridgeway) n gza xeobaSi
~ to miZRvnili vinmesadmi, taZari/naS- defile(d) v adj dabinZureba/dabinZurebu-
romi vinmes saxelze li,SebRalva/SebRaluli,Semusvra/
dedication n miZRvna Semusruli,ganadgureba/ganadgure-
deduce v Tvalis gadevneba buli,wabilwva/wabilwuli
deduct(ion) v n daqviTva defilement n wabilwva
deed n v sigeli,gujari,iadgari,Canawe- define v gansazRvra,SemuSaveba,ganmarte-
gmiroba; anderZis datoveba ba,gamocalkeveba,dadgena ramis
~ box n sabuTebis Sesanaxi yuTi ~by sth ramis mixedviT gansazRvra
safe conduct ~ dacvis sigeli ~ a method meTodis SemuSaveba
title ~ sigeli defined adj gansazRvruli
deeds n pl gmirobani less ~ nakleb gamokveTili
good/bad ~ keTili/boroti saqmeni not ~ ganusazRvreli
deem v adv mofareba,CrdilSi moqceva, defining adj ganmsazRvreli
mofarebulSi,CrdilSi definite adj aSkara,gadamWreli,garkveuli,
deem under v miCneva,CaTvla zusti
deemed by sth adj dafareli,miCqmqluli definited adj gansazRvruli
deep adj adv Rrma(d) definitely adv aSkarad,garkveviT,zustad,
~ in to adv Rrmad, Signi TvalnaTliv
~ prehistory Soreuli warsuli definition n gansazRvreba,ganmarteba,defi
~within (territory) qveynis siRrmeSi nicia
deepen(ed) v gaRrmaveba,CaRrmaveba/CaRr- add further ~ naTels xdis,matebs gamom-
mavebuli saxvelobas
deeper n adj cicxvi; ufro Rrmad ~ publication yovlismomcveli gamocema
deeply adv Rrmad,Zalze definitively adv aSkarad,zustad,naTlad,
~ingrained Rrmad fesvgadgmuli mkveTrad,pirdapir
deepness n sisqe,siRrme,kulturuli fe- deflesh v micvalebulisTvis xorcis mo-
nebis sisqe=sixSire cileba
deeprooted adj fesvgadgmuli,fexmokide- deforest(ation) v tyis gaCexva,gaSiSvleba
buli deform v formis Secvla,damaxinjeba
deer n sing. only iremi deformed adj damaxinjebuli,(forma)dak-
Giant ~=Megalaceros Lat.giganturi iremi arguli/Secvlili
defeat(ed) v adj damarcxeba/damarcxebu- deformation n deformacia
li,Zleva/Zleuli,imedebis msxvre- artificial ~ xelovnuri ~
va,ramis gauqmeba by hardening/tempering ~ ~ wrTobisas
defect n danaklisi,nakli,zadi,xarvezi liniar ~ grZivi ~
defence v (Tav)dacva natural ~ bunebrivi ~
~ against v dacva ramisgan permissible ~ dasaSvebi ~
defencibility n daculoba premidiated ~ ganzrax ~
defencible adj is,risi dacvac SeiZleba, shrinking ~ gaciebisas ~
vinme,visac Tavis dacva SeuZlia size ~ moculobiTi ~
defencive adj damcavi,(Tav)dacviTi skull ~ Tavis qalas ~
~ wall damcavi kedeli/galavani unpremeditated ~ uneblie ~
defend v gamoqomageba,dacva ~ in life time sicocxleSi ~
~ from against attack Tavdacva Tavdas- deformity n deformirebuloba
xmisgan deft(ly) adj adv daxvewili/daxvewilad,
~ a thesis disertaciis dacva ostaturi/ostaturad

71
 სარჩევი
defunct adj gardacvlili,micvalebuli,
gamqrali,ararsebuli
defy v brZolaSi gamowveva,daumorCileb
loba,gadaulaxavi sirTuleebis
Seqmna vinmesTvis
degenerate(d)(ion) v adj n gadagvareba,dak
nineba; gadagvarebuli
degrade(d) v adj gadagvareba/gadagvare-
buli,daqveiTeba/daqveiTebuli
degree n done,kuTxis gradusi,xarisxi
~ of acceptance aRiarebis done
to some ~ raRac xarisxiT
to such a ~ imdenad,rom…
university ~ samecniero xarisxi
varying ~ cvalebadi xarisxi(T)
deification n RvTaebad qceva
deify v ~ ~
deity n RvTaeba (warmarTuli)
protective ~ mfarveli RvTaeba
delay(ed) v adj gadadeba/gadadebuli,da-
yovneba/dayovnebuli,Seneleba,Seyov-
neba,Seferxeba
delete(d)(ion) v adj n ganadgureba/ganad-
gurebuli,amoSla/amoSlili,si-
idan amoReba,CuqurTmis/warwer-
is waSla
delf=delfth(see faience) n adj faiansi(s)
deliberate adj auCqarebeli,awonil-dawo-
nili,winaswar ganzraxuli
deliberately adv ganzrax,gangeb,Segnebul-
ad,sagangebod,auCqareblad,
frTxilad,windaxedulad
~ mutilated ganzrax damaxinjebuli
delicacy n daxvwiloba,sikoxtave
delicate adj daxvewili,mSvenieri,msubuqi,
norCi,sifrifana,delikaturi
delicately adv koxtad,mSvenivrad
~ worked daxvewilad/mSvenivrad da-
muSavebuli
delicious(ly) adj adv mSvenieri,mSvenivrad
delight n v aRtaceba,gancxroma,sixaruli
delighted adj aRtacebuli,madlieri,mad-
lobeli,gaxarebuli
delightful(ly) adj adv mSvenieri/mSvenivrad,
warmtaci
delimit(ed) v adj gamijvna/gamijnuli
~ by sth gamoyofili,gamorCeuli ra-
miT
delineate(d) v adj Semoxazva,Semoxazuli,
sakiTxis gamokveTa,xazgasma
deliver(ed) v adj ganawileba/ganawilebu-
li,darigeba/darigebuli,ganawile-
ba/ganawilebuli,gadacema/gadace-
72
muli,Camorigeba/Camorigebuli,Camo
tareba/Camotarebuli
Deliver me from sth RmerTo! mixseni...…
delivery n darigeba,Camorigeba
Deluge (the) n warRvna (bibl)
deluted adj gazavebuli siTxe
delve into v Cafloba,CaRrmaveba,CaZirva,
Txra,Zebna
demand(for) n v moTxovna,moTxovnileba
sth in ~ moTxovnileba rameze
demarcate/demarcation v n gamoyofa,Semo
xazva
demarcated adj gamoyofili,Semoxazuli
demeanor=demeanour n saqcieli/qceva
demi… pref naxevari/naxevrad
demigod n naxevradRmerTi
dendalion n adj babuawvera(si)
denial(see deny) n uari
demic adj xalxTa
~ diffusion ~ Sereva
demise n v uZravi qonebis gadacema an-
derZiT,taxtis gadasvla memkvidre-
ze,gardacvaleba,taxtze uaris Tqma
memkvidris sasrgrblod
political ~ politikuri anderZi
premature ~ udroo gardacvaleba
demolish(ed)(see raze) v adj (da)ngreva/
/ngreuli,miwasTan gasworeba/
gasworeba/gasworebuli,uaryofa/
uaryofili,Semusvra/Semusruli
demolition n uaryofa,miwasTan gasworeba,
ngreva,musvra
demon(see daemon) n demoni
demonstrate(ed) v adj Cveneba/naCvenebi,war
modgena/warmodgenili/warmoCena/
warmoCenili,gamofena/gamofenili
conclusively ~ bolomde warmoCena
demonstration n gamofena,gamoxatuleba,
gamovlineba,Cveneba
demote v daqveiTeba samsaxurSi
denarius/denarii n sing/pl Lat. denari
denote(d) v adj gamoxatva/gamoxatuli,aR-
niSvna
dense(ness) adj n simWidrove,sixSire
density n simWidrove,susqe,sixSire
bone ~ Zvlis simtkice/gamZleoba
~of population mosaxleobis simWidrove
densly adv mWidrod
~ populated ~ dasaxlebuli
dentalium shell n eSvis formis niJara
dentated adj dakbiluli
 სარჩევი
dented adj CaWyletili
denticle/dentil n kbilana
denticulate(d) v adj dakbilva,dakbiluli
denude(d) v adj gadarecxva/gadarecxili,
gaSiSvleba/gaSiSvlebuli
denudation n gadarecxva,gaSiSvleba
deny(see denial) v uaryofa,uaris Tqma
~ sth the character of sth Camoacilo ra-
imes rame niSani
depart(ed) v adj gardacvaleba,gardacv-
lili
departure n gamgzavreba,gardacvaleba
department n ganyofileba,sammarTvelo,
uwyeba
depend v daqvemdebareba
dependable adj saimedo, sando
dependence n damokidebuleba vinmeze/
rameze
depended adj damokidebuli ~ ~
dependent adj damokidebuli
inter ~ erTmaneTze/urTierT damokide-
buli
depending on… damokidebuli rameze..,
ramis mixedviT
dependent upon sb/sth adj damokidebuli
on model gadmoRebuli raRacidan/
saidanRac
depict(ed) v adj asaxva/asaxuli,gamosaxva/
gamosaxuli,gamoxatva/gamoxatuli,
gamoZerwva/gamoZerwili(saxis),war-
mosaxva/warmosaxuli
depicting adj gamomsaxveli/amsaxveli
depiction n gamosaxuleba,gamoxatuleba,
suraTi
~in details dawvrilebiT/detalurad
aRwera/gamosaxva
depletion n amowurva,gamofitva,gaukac-
rieleba
deplore v gamotireba,sinanuli
deploy(ment) v n saqmianobis gamarTva,
jaris gaSla
depopulate(d)(ion) v adj n mosaxleobis-
gan dacla/daclili,gaukacri-
eleba/gaukacrielebuli
depose v gadayeneba Tanamdebobidan
Deposit(ion) v n jvridan gardamoxsna
deposit n v naRvenTi,Sre; Cadgma(mag.sama-
rxSi),Camarxva,dakrZalva,dafene-
ba,raime wiaRiseulis maragi,sabado
deposited adj Cadgmuli,Camarxuli,dakr-
Zaluli,dafenebuli,danaleqi
~ on the site raime dadasturebuli
Zeglze
73
deposition n ganlageba,dafeneba
deposits n pl madani,madniT mdidari
qanebi,wyaro ramis,naSTi,
axo=karieri
depredations of sb Zarcva,dataceba,xalxis
amowyveta,qveyanaSi SeWra,gama-
nadgurebeli Tavdasxma
depression n Rrmuli,CaRrmaveba
deprecate(d) v adj gafuWeba/gafuWebuli
deprive(d) v adj xelyofa/xelyofili,war-
meva,akrZalva,uflebis CamorTmeva
~ of (re)sourse wyaros daxSoba
depth n siRrme
in the ~ of… siRrmeSi...…
pierce to the ~ of… siRrmeebSi SeRwe-
va/wvdoma
spade's ~ barispiri(siRrme)
depthness n siRrme
depute v vimes Secvla=movaleobis Ses-
ruleba
deputy n magieri=droebiTi Semcvleli
~ director direqtoris moadgile
derivation n nawarmoebi=warmoebuli(mi-
nabaZi/sityva)
derivative n minabaZi,warmoebuli(sityva)
derive(d) from v adj warmoeba/warmoebuli,
warmoSoba raRacisgan(mag. proto-
tipidan),gamomdinare raRacisgan
descend to v daSveba zevidan qveviT,mo-
dis/momdinareobs,warmoiSva...
~ from the Cross gardamoxsna
~ upon sth daSveba/Camosvla daRmarT-
ze/kibeze
descendent n ramis warmomadgeneli,STa-
momavali,momdevno Taobebi
descended from… STamomavlobiT...…
descending adj daRmavali,momdinare(wi-
napridan)
descent n v Camosasvleli; daSveba,Camo-
vla,Camomavlobis,warmomavlobis,
sagvareulos wevri,muxli gvarSi,
wyaro,memkvidreobis gadacema,titu-
lis gadasvla
~ relationship gvariT naTesaoba,Camomav
lobiT(i)
describe(d) v adj asaxva,aRwera/aRwerili,
daxasiaTeba/daxasiaTebuli
description n aRwera=aRweriloba
descriptive adj aRwerilobiTi
desert(ed) n v adj udabno; gaudabureba/
gaudaburebuli.gaukacrieleba/ga-
ukacrieleba,mitoveba/mitovebuli
deserve v damsaxureba ramis,Rirsi ra-
 სარჩევი

mis impressed ~ daWdeuli ~

sth ~ special interest raRac imsaxurebs/
iwvevs interess,sagulisxmoa
~ ~ to be taken seriously raRac imsaxu-
rebs/Rirsia seriozuli mid-
gomis/yuradRebis
design(see decoration,motif,ornament,pattern)
n ornamenti(s), saxe
aquatint(biting,etching) ~ liTonze amoW-
muli ornamenti
artless ~ sada,Zunwi ~
band ~ sartyeli ~ ~ of boxes of strips xazTa konebis ~
band and chevron ~ lentur-Sevronuli
~ like lenturi ~
band-like zigzag ~ lenturi zigzagis ~
band stamp ~ lenturi ~
bead(ed) ~ cvara ~
belt ~ sartyeli ~
bucranium ~ xaris Tavis ~
canal ~ Rari ~
carefully worked-out ~ daxvewili ~
cauliculus/cauliculi ~ totisebri ~
chased/incised ~ amokveTili ~
chased and incised ~ amokveTil-amo-
Raruli
chase(ing)=embosse(ing) ~ wina mxridan
naWedi ~
chequered=chess ~ Wadrakuli ~
comb-stamped ~ savarcxlisebr natvif
ri
comb-shaped dotted ~ savarcxlisebr-
tilovani ~
comb-shaped stream-like ~ savarcxlise-
nakadebis ~
cross-hatched ~ badura ~
curlicue ~ xviebis ~
curved ~ CaWrili ~
curve-liniar=curvilinear ~ talRisebri ~
dotted broken-line ~ wertilovan-texili
double spiral/volute ~ ormagxvia ~
egg/ovolo ~ kvercxisebri ~
entwined vegetation ~ mc,wnulis ~
face ~ saxis gamosaxulebis ~
figural ~ figuruli ~
fillet/listel ~ nawiburis/wibos ~
finger-nail/nail-shaped ~ frCxilisebri ~
floral ~ mcenareuli ~
fluting ~ gofrirebuli ~
foil/leafy ~ foTliani ~
fret ~ badura ~
guilloche ~ wnuli ~
humble ~ ubralo,mokrZalebuli,sada
liniar ~ xazovani ~
liniar and punctured ~ xazovan-wertilo-
vani ~
liniar-cut ~ xazovan-nakveTi ~
liniar frieze ~ xazovani frizis ~
liniar-meander ~ xazovan-meandruli ~
lobster claw lobe ~ kiborCxalis sace-
cisebri ~
mat ~ daxlarTuli ~
naturalistic ~ naturalisturi ~
~ ~ butterfly triangles peplisebri ~
~ ~ comb-shaped stamps savarcxlisebri
natvifri ~
~ ~ distinct jabs wyvetili xazebis ~
~ ~ interlacing circles erTmaneTSi Caxve-
uli wreebis ~
~ ~ leafy tendril foTlovani xviis
liniar ~ xazovani ~
~ ~ recessed band CaWdeuli sartylis
penannular ~ wreebis ~
perforated ~ daCvretili/naCvretebiani
pestil ~ butkosebri ~
pointilee=likewise pointilee ~ wertilova-
nis msgavsi ~
punctate ~ wertilovani ornamenti
rectilinear geometric ~ sworxazovangeo-
metriuli ~
reposeè=repossage ~Weduroba furclis
ukana mxridan=dabali relief
representational ~ ornamenti,romelic
yvelaze xSiria
reticulated ~ rombuli xveulebis ~
rhombi ~ rombuli ~
rich ~ mdidruli ~
rippled ~ gofrirebuli ~
running spiral/volute ~ zanuri xviebis ~
rusticated ~ TiTiT gakeTebuli ~
simple ~ martivi/sada ~
stepped ~ safexuredi ~
stone built ~ qvis wyobiT gamoyvanili ~
tendril ~ grexili ~
textile ~ qsovilis ~
trophy ~ meomris javSnisebri ~
white filled pointillè ~ TeTrad amovsebuli
wertilovani ~
wreathened ~ grexili ~
design v dagegmareba,daproeqteba,Sed-
gena,SemuSavebaSeqmna,Camoyalibeba
~ a plan gegmis Sedgena/SemuSaveba
in ~ adv formiT

74
 სარჩევი
~ on sth Canafiqri
~ to conform ro… ramis Seqmna ramis
Sesabamisad
designate v gamoxatva=Tqma,moniSvna,Semo
xazva,gansazrvra,dadgena
~ as… aRniSvna/ganszRvra rogorc...…
~in terms of excavated materials gansazRv-
Ra gaTxrili masalis mixedviT
~ role rolis gansazRvra
use sth to ~ sth ramis gamoyeneba ra-
mis gamosaxatavad
designated adj moniSnuli,gansazRvruli
designation n dasaxeleba,moniSvna,saxel-
wodeba
designer n Semqmneli,modeliori,xuroT-
moZRvari
disintegrate(ion) v n sazogadoebis daSla
desirability n sasurveloba,xelsayreloba
desirable adj sasurveli
desire(d) n adj survili,sasurveli
desk n merxi
desk-set n saweri mowyobiloba
desolate(d)(ion) v adj n gapartaxeba/gapar-
taxebuli,mitoveba/mitovebuli
despatch=dispatch v n gagzavna
~as infants bavSvobaSive daxocva memk-
vidreebis
despise v dawuneba,zizRi,siZulvili
despite sth miuxedavad raRacisa
despote (of sth) prep miuxedavad raRacisa
destill(ed) v adj gamoxda/gamoxdili(mag.
spirti)
destination n daniSnulebis adgili
destiny n bedi(swera),wili,xvedri
destroy v mTlianobis (da)ngreva/rRveva,
ganadgureba,daRupva,daSla,Semus-
vramospoba,angreva,gafuWeba
destroyer n mngreveli
destruct(ion) v n daRupva,ngreva,rRveva,ga-
nadgureba
~level dangreuli fena
ritual ~ ritualuri ngreva
destructive(ly)(ness) adj adv n daamangreve-
li,damangrevlad,destruqciuloba
desultory adj arasistematuri
detach v qvis/qvidan Camomtvreva
detached adj Tavisuflad/calke mdgomi
~ point ~ ~ sayrdeni
detail n v detali,nawili; gamoyofa
in ~ (s) adv detalurad,dawvrilebiT
in fine ~ adv gamowvlilviT
detailed adj zusti,dawvrilebiTi
75
detain v vinmes/ramis Sekaveba,Seyovneba,
dayovneba,dakaveba=dapatimreba,dag-
vianeba ramis
detect(ion) v n aRmoCena,povna,Zebna
detectable adj is,rac advilad SeiZleba
aRmoCndes
deteriorate(d)(ion) v adj n dazianeba/dazi-
anebuli,gauareseba/gauaresebu-
li,gacveTa/gacveTili;stilis/
mis gauareseba/gaqroba,ganeleba,
rRveva
determination n gansazRvra,gansazRvreba,
gadawyvetileba,dadgena,gadam-
wyveti,mizanswrafuloba=mimar
Tuleba
determinative adj ganmsazRvreli,gadamwy-
veti,damdgeni
determine v gansazRvra,garkveva,ganpiro-
beba,dadgena
determined adj gansazRvruli,ganpirobe-
bebuli,dadgenili
not ~ adj gaurkveveli,daudgeneli,uc-
nobi
dethrone(ment) v n mefis Camogdeba tax-
tidan
detour n gzis asaqcevi,SemovliTi gza,
Semosavleli
devastate(d)(ion) v adj n ganadgureba,ga-
partaxeba,xalxisgan dacla(gawmen-
da,mitoveba); gaukacrieleba/gaukac-
rielebuli.mitovebuli adgili
devastating adj gamanadgurebeli
develop(ment) v n ganviTareba,Seqmna
~ further Semdgomi/Rrma ganviTareba
intellectual ~ sulieri ganviTareba
~ the idea azris ganviTareba/gamoTqma
~ a photo foto firis dabeWdva
developed adj ganviTarebuli
highly ~ adj maRalganviTarebuli
developing adj mimdinare(ambavi),ganviTa-
rebadi
developmental adj ganviTarebiTi,ganviTa-
rebiTi
developments n pl movlenebi
device(see devise) n gamosaxuleba,gamo-
χxatvis xerxi,,kompozicia,gegma,nake-
Toba,proeqti,stilisturi xerxi,sqema
devil n tyis kaci,eSmaki
devise(d)(see device) v gakeTeba/gakeTebu-
li,gamogoneba/gamogonebuli,dap
roeqteba/daproeqtebuli,SemuSave-
ba/SemuSavebuli,Seqmna/Seqmnili
devoid of sth raime moklebuli rames
 სარჩევი
(mag.Rirsebas)
devoid of sth arqona ramis,moklebuli ra
mes,Tavisufali ramisgan,Seubrale
beli
devote(d) v adj miZRvna
~ much care to zrunva,yuradRebis
mipyroba
~ to naSromi miZRvnili raime saki-
Txisadmi
devotee n marTlmorwmune
devotions n pl locva
Devout (the) n adj mesvete, RvTismosavi
dew n adj nami(s),cvari(s),cis manana/ma-
nanis
diaconat(e) n diakvnoba=diakvnebi(adami-
anebi)
diadem n diadema
diadochoi n Gr. diadoxosi
diagnostic adj ganmsazRvreli,damaxasi-
aTebeli Tvisebebi,ganmasxvavebeli
momaswavebeli,niSandoblivi
~ event/item ganmsazRvreli(damTari-
Rebeli,maniSnebeli) mov-
lena/sagani
diagrammatic adj sqematuri
dialect n kilo(kavi)
diameter=dia n diametri
cross ~ ganivi ~
inner ~ Sida ~
longest/maximum ~ udidesi ~
longitudinal ~ grZivi ~
medium ~ saSualo ~
minimum/smallest ~ umciresi ~
outer ~ gare ~
diametrical cross siganeze
diametrically adv diametrulad
~ opposite ~ sapirispiro
diarchy n orxelisuflebianoba
diary(see cattle) n dRiuri
Diaspora n ebraelTa gabneva/gafantva
diaspora n dasaxleba,diaspora
dice n pl only kamaTlebi
roll the ~ koWis gagoreba vinmesTvis
dictate(d) v adj karnaxi/nakarnaxevi(ramiT/
vinmes mier),brZaneba/nabrZanebi
dictator(ial)(ship) n adj n diqtatori,diqta
toruli,diqtatura
dictionary(see vocabulary) n leqsikoni
dictum/dicta n sing/pl Lat. gamonaTqvami,
mosazreba,aforizmi
didrachma/didrachmae n sing/pl Lat. did-
raqma (moneta)
76
die(see death) v daRupva,sikvdili
~ away v gaqroba=Sewyveta,Cakvdoma
~in short order gaqra/Cakvda erTmaneTis
miyolebiT
~ out v amowydoma(gawydoma,gadaSeneba,
kvdoma) xalxis
deification n gaRmerTeba
deified adj gaRmerTebuli
diefy v gaRmerTeba
diet n sakvebi,dieta,kveba
v dietis dacva
core of sb’s ~ mTavari/ZiriTadi sakvebi
dietary n ZiriTadi sakvebi
differ v gansxvaveba,gamorCeva
~ from sth ~ raRacisgan
~ ~ each other/one another ~ erTma-
neTisagan
~in degree xarisxiT gansxvaveba
~in quality TvisebebiT ~
~ in time droiT/drosi gansxvaveba
difference n gansxvaveba,sxvaoba
little ~ odnav/mcire sxvaoba
~ in sth sxvaoba raRacaSi
show ~ avlens/Cans sxvaoba(s)
different adj gansxvavebuli,sxvadasxva
at ~ location sxvadasxva adgilas
~hands in work sxvadasxva xelobis ada-
Mianebis Sroma
little ~ odnav gansxvavebuli
markedly ~ aSkarad gansxvavebuli
sth ~ to sth raRac gansxvavebuli raRa-
cisgan
sth of ~ purpose ~ daniSnulebis
~ opinion/points of view ~ azri/
Sexeduleba
differentiate(d)(ion) v adj n gamorCeva,gamo-
calkeveba,gansxvaveba,gadarCeuli,
danawilebuli,danawevreba
~ sth from sth gamorCeva ramisa ramisgan
differing adj gansxvavebuli
~ in sth ~ ramiT
difficult adj rTuli,Zneli
face ~ sirTulis/siZnelis winaSe
make sth ~ by sth saqmis garTuleba ra-
miT
~ to determine Znelia/Wirs dadgena/gansa-
zRvra
~ to establish/fix Zneli(a) mosagvarebe-
mosagvarebeli/mosagvareblad
difficultness n sirTule
difficulty n sirTule,siZnele,gasaWiri
with ~ adv gaWirvebiT,Zlivs,Znelad
 სარჩევი
diffuse(ion) v n gaSla,gavrceleba,SeRwe-
va
dig v barva,(ga)Txra,dafvla,damarxva,Ca-
marxva
~ into v miwaSi CarWoba,Casma,Cadgma
~ on v gaTxrebis gagrZeleba
~ out v amoTxra
digging ger adj Txra,saTxreli
~ stick saTxari
dignitary n maRali sazogadoeba=warCine-
bulni
~ of church eklesiis warCinebulni
dignity n Rirseba,Rirsebis grZnoba
digress(ion) v n sxva Temaze gadasvla,Te-
midan gadaxveva
dike=dyke n jebiri
dilapidated adj daZvelebuli,dromoWmuli,
Zalian Zveli
dilapidation n dromoWmuloba,siZvele
dilema n dilema
horns of ~ dilemis marwuxebi
dill=Anethum graveolens n adj cereco(si)
dilute v gazaveba xsnaris,Sesusteba ram-
is,sisxlisgan dacla
dimension(s) n pl zoma, zomebi
~ from…to… zomebi(T) ...dan…...mde
diminish(ed) v adj damcroba/damcrobili,
Semcireba/Semcirebuli,interesis
ganeleba/kleba
diminishing adj klebadi
diminute v gaqroba
diminution in sth kleba ramis
diminutive n adj kacuna; mcire/susti
~height dabali
diocesan adj saeparqio
Diophysit n adj diofiziti
dip n v Rrmuli,Cafloba,CaZirva,Cadeba
~into slip mowernaqeba
diplomacy n diplomatia
deft ~ daxvewili/ostaturi ~
dipper n CamCa
dipstick n nelsacxeblis/wamlis amosaRe-
bi fiTxi
dipteral adj dipteruli
dipteros n orfrTiani arseba
diptych n diptixi
dire adj avismomaswavebeli
direct v (war)marTva,saqmis warmoeba,mecn.
kvlevis xelmZRvaneloba,mimarTva
ramisa raime mimarTulebiT
adj pirdapiri,swori,sworxazovani,
uSualo
77
in/not ~ arapirdapiri
direction n mimarTuleba,marTva,warmarTva
from/to every ~ yvela mxridan/mxares
in the ~ of sth ramis mimarTulebiT
under the ~ of sb vinmes xelmZRvanelo-
biT
directed adj mimarTuli raime,warmarTu-
li saqme
downward ~ qveviT mimarTuli
inward ~ Signi ~
opposed ~ erTmaneTisken ~
outward ~ gareT ~
upward ~ zeviT ~
directional adj mimarTuli
directly adv garkveviT,pirdapir,uSualod
~ for the use of sth raimes gamoyeneba pir-
dapiri daniSnulebiT
sth points ~ to sth raRac pirdapir mi-
uTiTebs raRacaze
director(ate)(y)(see deputy,president) n xelm-
ZRvaneli=direqtori=reJisori=
diriJori, mmarTveloba,sammarT-
velo,raime cnobari dalagebuli
anbanis mixedviT
Directorate n direqtoria
directorial adj directiuli
dirge n panaSvidi,samglovisro galoba
dirth n WuWyi,sibinZure
dirty n binZuri,WuWyiani
disadvantage(s) n v sirTule=siZnele=
winaaRmdegoba; nakli,nalkovaneba
(ni),xelis SeSla
disagree(d)(ment) v adj n ar daTanxmeba=
winaaRmdegoba; SeuTanmebeli,Seusa-
bamo,SeuTavsebeli; gaugebroba,ga-
urkvevloba,ganxeTqileba,azrTa
sxvaoba,uTanxmoeba,SeuTanxmebloba,
Seusabamoba
disaggregate(ion) v n daSala,dacalkeveba
danawileba
disallow v aukrZalo vinmes rame,wahgvaro
vinmes ramis ufleba
disappear(ance)(ed) v n adj gaqroba, gamq-
rali
disappoint(ed)(ment) v n adj imedis gacru
eba=imedgacrueba; imedgacruebuli
disapprove v ar daTanxmeba,ukmayofileb-
is gamoxatva
disapprovingly adv uaryofiTad,ekmayofi-
lod
disarticulate v gabneva,danawileba,daSla
~bones/remains areuli Zvlebi/narCene-
bi,danawevrebuli
 სარჩევი
disaster n gansacdeli,ubedureba,katas-
trofa
filtrate with ~ ubedurebis ganeitraleba
disastrous adj damRupveli
disavow v ganagdo (mag. macduri,eSmaki)
disc=disk n disko
discard n v wuni,dawuneba
~ entirely uaryo raime gadaWriT/Tavi-
danve
discend v modis,momdinareobs
discendent n STamomavali
discent n warmomavloba
discern v gamorCeva,garCeva,ganWvreta,Sem-
Cneva,gamoyofa,gamocalkeveba
~ from v ramisgan gamoyofa
discerned adj gamorCeuli,gamoyofili
discernible adj Zlivs dasanaxi/SesamCnevi
discharge n v wyalsaqcevi; gaTavisufle-
ba,gamarTleba(braldebulis),dab
la daweva,damcroba,dacema,samsa-
xuridan daTxovna,ramis Semcireba
discharged adj daTxovnili,gaTavisufle
buli,gamarTlebuli,damcrobi-
li,dabla daweuli,Semcirebuli
disciple n qristes mowafe/mimdevari,moq-
ceuli
discipline v mowesrigeba
discolor(ate)(ion) v n gauferuleba,feris
Secvla
discontinue(see continue) v Sewyveta
discontinuity n (Se)wyveta
discord(ance) v n ganxeTqileba,gaugebro-
ba,azrTa sxvaoba,ukmayofileba,Se
usabamoba
discount(ed) v adj (fasis) dakleba,SeRava-
Ti,daklebuli,daknineba,gaiafeba
sth to be ~ as… raRac araa mxedveloba
Si misaRebi
discover(ed)(er)(y) v adj n aRmoCena/aRmoCe
nili,aRmomCeni, aRmoCena
discrediting adj arasando
discrepancy n gadaxra,Seusabamoba,gansx-
vaveba,uTanxmoeba
discrete adj dacalkevebuli,locvaSi gar
Tuli,realobas mowyvetili,Sori=
mowyvetili,aramdgradi/wyvetili
discretely adv aqa-iq,nawilobriv
descriptive adj aRwerilobiTi
discus/disci(see disc) n sing/pl Lat. badro,
disko
~ thrower n badros mtyorcneli
discuss(ed)(ion) v adj n kamaTi/ganxilva;
ganxiluli
78
sth under ~ ganixileba(axla),sakamaToa
disentangle v gamoxsna,gamoTavisufleba,
kvanZis gaxsna
disgrace(ful) n adj sircxvili samarcxvi-
no
dish n langari,TefSi, kerZi(romelime)
disheveled adj ajagruli,fafarayrili,
jagaraSlili
dishonour n v damcireba,vinmes upativ-
cemloba
dishonoured adj damcirebuli
disinability n uunaroba
disintegrate(ion) v n daSla,danawevreba,
daqucmaceba
disinterest(ed)(ly) adj adv uangaro(d)
disinterred(d) v adj miwidan amoTxra/amo-
Reba,amoTxrili/amoRebuli
dislike v dawuneba,ar mowoneba
dislocate(d)(ion) v adj n ramis gadaadgi-
leba,gadanacvleba,adgilis Secvla
~ land Camowolili miwa
dismantle(d) v adj gaSiSvleba/gaSiSvle-
buli,gaSla,safaris axda/moSore-
ba,SemoZarcva,tanT ganZarcva/gan-
Zarvuli,fardaaxdili,cixis gani-
araReba,dangreva,moxsna ramis
dismember(ed) v adj danawevreba/danawev-
rebuli,nawilebad dayofa/da-
yofili
dismiss(ed) v adj gaTavisufleba/gaTavi-
suflebuli,daTxovna/daTxovnili
disorder(ed) n v adj areuloba,areulobis
xana,uwesrigoba; areva/areuli
disparate adj gansxvavebuli,nivTebi,rome-
Ta Sedarebac SeuZlebelia,Seusabamo
despair n sasowarkveTileba
disparity n uTanabroba,Seusabamoba
~ between… Seusabamoba or rames
Soris
dispersal/disperse n v gabneva,gafantva
Dispersion(the) n iudevelTa gafantva
displace(d)(ment) v adj n gadaadgileba/
gadaadgilebuli,gadanacvleba/
gadanacvlebuli,gandevna,gandev-
nili; Secvla ramisa ramiT,ad-
gilnacvali,vinmes Seviwroveba
sth ~ by sth raRac Secvlili raRaciT
display n adj v gamofena=eqspozicia; sa-
gamofeno; gamofena,gamoxatva,Cveneba,
warmoCena,warmodgena
~authority Zalauflebis gavrcoba/gan-
xorcieleba
~high level maRali donis maCvenebeli
 სარჩევი
~ ~ ~ of skill ostatobis maRali
Ddonis gamovlena
on ~ in gamofenilia...
sth ~ sth raRacas emCneva raRac=gviC-
venebs
displeasure n ukmayofileba
disposal n moTavseba,dakrZalva,gadacema,
micema,ganlageba,ganTavseba,ramis
Tavidan acileba
dispose(d) v adj moTavseba,moTavsebuli,
Tvidan moSoreba
disposition n ganwyoba,damokidebuleba,
xasiaTi
disproportion(al) n adj uTanabroba=ara-
proporciuloba,disproporcia;
uTanabro=araproporciuli
disprove(d) v adj ar/ver dadastureba;
daudasturebeli
dispute(d) v n adj kamaTi,gaurkveveli,
daudgeneli,sadao
matter of ~ kamaTis sagani
disputed adj aradamajerebeli,sakamaTo,
saeWvo
disrepair adj gacveTili,gaumarTavi,cud
mdgomareobaSi
disrupt(ed) v adj ganxeTqileba,daSla/
daSlili,moSla/moSlili
disruption n ganxeTqileba(eklesiaSi,xeli
suflebaSi),daSla(mag.C14-is),
ngreva,kraxi,teritoriis dakargva
dissatisfied adj daukmayofilebeli,ukmayo-
filo
dissector n samedicino dana
disseminate v gabneva,gavrceleba
dissenter n ganxeTqilebis Semomtani,di-
sidenti
dissimal adj sxvadasxvagvari
dissimilar(ity) adj n (ara)erTgvarovani/erT
nairi,sxvadasxvanairi,gansxvaveve
buli,araerTgvarovneba,gansaxva-
vebuloba
dissipate(d) v adj danawileba/danawilebu-
li,gafantuli,uqmi
dissociate v gamocalkeveba
~ oneself from sb/sth gamijvna vinmesgan/
Ramisgan
distal n qvis mWreli piri
~edge anatkecis wvetiani bolo
distance n daSoreba,manZili
at a/the ~ of… (raRac) manZilze…
from ~ adv Soridan
long ~ didi/Sori manZili
distant(ly) adj adv Soreuli/Sori
79
~ past Soreuli warsuli
distinct v adj gamorCeva;aSkara,gansxvavebu
li,garkveuli,askara,gamokveTili
~ case/phenomenon kerZo SemTxveva
~from sth gansxvavebuli raRacisgan
sth ~ from sth raRac gansxvavebuli
raRacisgan
distinction n gamorCeuloba,gansxvaveba,gan
masxvavebeli niSani,saxesxvaoba
distinctive adj gamorCeuli,gansxvavebuli,
gansakuTrebuli,aSkara,TvalSi-
sacemi,TvalnaTlivi,originaluri
~ feature ganmasxvavebeli niSani
distinctively adv aSkarad,garkveviT,gamor-
Ceulad,gansxvavebulad.TvalSi
sacemad
distinctiveness n gansxvavebuloba
distinctly adv garkveviT,garkveulad,gansx-
vavebulad,aSkarad,mkveTrad
distinctness n gaurkvevloba,Tavisebure-
ba,gamorCeuloba
distinguish(ed) v adj gamorCeva/gamorCeu-
li,gamoyofa/gamoyofili,gamocal-
keveba/gamocalkevebuli.gansxvave-
ba/gansxvavebuli,rCeuli,origina-
luri,sapatio,(Rrmad)pativcemuli
~ by sth gamorCeva/gamorCeuli ramiT
~ from ~ ~ calke
distinguishable adj rac gamoirCeva ramiT
distinguishing adj damaxasiaTebeli,ganmas-
xvavebeli,gansxvavebuli,(gamo)
rCeuli
distort(ed) v adj faqtis damaxinjeba,ro-
lis daknineba; dakninebuli/
damaxinjebuli
distract(ion) v n yuradRebis gafantva/Ca-
mocileba
distraught by sth dabneuli,Sewuxebuli,
gondakarguli,Wkuidan gadasuli
district n kvartali,raioni,ubani
distribute(d)(ion) v adj n gavrceleba/gavr-
celebuli,ganawileba/ganawile-
buli,jaris gaSla/ganlageba
~ map gavrcelebis ruka
pattern of ~ ~ saxe/forma
sth with longstanding ~ raRac vrcel-
deba xangrZlivad
sth with wide ~ farTod gavrcelebu-
li
the picture of ~ of sth ramis gavrcele-
bis suraTi
distrust v undobloba
disturb(ance)(ed) v n adj vinmes Sewuxeba,
 სარჩევი
mTlianobis darRveva(mag. samar-
xisTvis xelis xleba); Sewuxebu-
li,dazianebuli,xelnaxlebi
disunite(d) v adj daSla erTobis
disused adj gamouyenebeli,umoqmedo,uxma-
ri
ditch n Txrili,saniaRvre arxi,Rari
foot of the ~ Txrilis Ziri
lip of the ~ ~ piri
dithyramb n diTirambi
dive(r) v n (Ca)yvinTva; myvinTavi
divergence n gansxvaveba
in ~ from… gansxvavebiT raRacisgan,
sxvafriv
divergent adj gansxvavebuli,gafatuli,
gSlili,gadaxrili,gadaxris gamo
~ angles sxvadasxva midgoma/Sexedu-
leba(sakiTxisadmi)
diverging adj gansxvavebuli,urTierTda-
cilebuli
diverse adj (aSkarad) gansxvavebuli/sa-
pirispiro,sxvadasxva
diversified adj mraval(gvari,nairi,feri,
ferovani,mxrivi),sxvadasxvanairi
~ economy mravaldargobrivi ekonomi-
ka
diversify v gamravalferovneba,cvla
diversion n v gadaxra,gansxvaveba,ukanda-
xeva
sth of ~ colour nairferi
diversity n sxvadasxvagvaroba,mravalnair
oba,mravalferovneba,simravle
~ of colours ferTa siWrele
divert v mimarTva (ken…)
~attention from… yuradRebis Camocile-
ba
~ ~ from…to… ~ gadatana/
mimarTva
divide v gayofa,danawevreba,dayofa
~ from v gamoyofa ramisa ramisgan
~ into periods drois monakveTebad/peri-
odebad dayofa
~ off v gamocalkeveba,ramisgan gamo-
yofa
divided adj gayofili,danawevrebuli,ga-
yofili
dividing adj gamyofi
~ line ~ xazi
divination adj n samarCielo,marCieloba ;
gaTvalva,monusxva,winaswar-
metyveleba
divinator n winaswarmetyveli
divine n v adj wmindani,oqropiri,RvTis-
80
metyveli; winaswarmetyveleba,marCi-
eloba; wminda,RvTaebrivi,RvTivkur-
Txeuli,RvTisa,RvTiuri,RvTismetyve-
luri
~ right wminda ufleba
divinely adv RvTaebrivad
divining ger mkiTxaoba
divinity n RvTaeba,RvTaebrioba
divison n danayofi
divorse n v ganqorwineba,sulis ganSore-
ba sxeulisgan
do(cf make) v (ga)keTeba mag. saSinao da-
valebis e.i. sxvisi naazrevis, anu sa-
varjiSo sxvam dawera-Sen akeTeb…)
~ homage v pativiscema,migeba misageb-
lisa
~ sb's utmost Tavdauzogavad/Zalian Se-
Ecado
docket(see bulla) n v iarliyi,iarliyis
Sebma
document n v sabuTi; dadastureba,aR-
wera
~touches sabuTi exeba...
documented adj aRwerili,dasabuTebu-
li,dadasturebuli
~ by sth dadasturebuli ramiT
richly ~ kargad dasabuTebuli
so far ~ aqamde dadasturebuli
well ~ sabuTiT dadgenili=dasabuTebu-
li=dadasturebuli
documentary adj n dokumenturad,dokume-
nturi(mag.filmi),sabuTebi
flood of ~ sabuTebis siuxve,simravle
doctoral adj sadoqtoro
~ degree doqtoris xarisxi
~thesis sadoqtoro disertacia
doe n furiremi,furi-Svili
doer n (ga)mkeTebeli
dog’s tongue n adj ukadrisa=ZaRlis ena
dogmatism n medaviTneoba,dogmatizmi
dogwood=Cornus gen. Lat. n adj Svindi(s)
doing ger keTeba
~ traces anasaxi,namoqmedari,damuSa-
vebis kvali
dolichocranium/dolichocrania n sing/pl Lat.
doliqokrani,doliqokranuli
dolmen n dolmeni
domain n sauflo/samefo miwa=domeni,
samflobelo,teritoria,mamuli,
Semoqmedebis sivrce
public ~ sajaro mflobeloba
dome(see cupola) n gumbaTi(naxevarsfe-
ruli)
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~ trunk gumbaTis yeli
~ shaped adj gumbaTisebri
domed adj gumbaTiani,gumbaTovani
~ furnace/kiln TaRiani Rumeli
~ roof gumbaTiani saxuravi
~ ~ of semicircular apse konqi
domestic adj Sina(uri),moSinaurebuli,sa-
ojaxo,saSinao,adgilobrivi,oja-
xuri,sacxovrebeli,samamulo,mo-
Sinaurebyli
~activity Sina meurneoba/saqmianoba
~equipment saojaxo aveji/nivTebi
~ quarter raime dasaxlebis sacxovrebe
Lli nawili
~ structure sacxovrebeli nageboba
domesticate(d)(ion) v adj n moSinaureba/
moSinaurebuli,meurneobis marT-
vis swavleba,romelime qveynis adgi-
lobrivi jiSebi
dominance n batonoba/metoba ramisa
dominant adj gabatonebuli,mTavari,umTav
resi,gavrcelebuli,ZiriTadi
~ city mTavari qalaqi/dedeqalaqi
~ in production (of sth) gabatonebuli
(raRacis) warmoebaSi
overwhelmingly ~ srulad gabatonebuli
dominate(d)(ion) v adj n gabatoneba/gaba-
tonebuli,moZaleba=Zaladoba,
mZlavroba,politikuri upira-
tesobis qona,batonoba
~ river-valley raRac gadahyurebs dab-
lobs(mdinariT)
domus n saxli,ojaxi
donate(d)(ion) v adj n Sewirva,Sewevna; na-
wyalobevi/Senawiri; wyaloba,Se-
sawiri,Semowiruloba
donative adj sasaCuqro
done adj gakeTebuli,nakeTebi,nakeTi
doom n v bediswera,ganaCeni; gawirva,
misja
doomed adj dasaRupad ganwiruli,
misjili
Doomsday n gankiTxvis dRe
door n bWe, kari
~ approached/approaching by staircase
karSi Semavali kibe=nagebo-
ba karTan kibiT
~ ~ by ramp karTan pandusi
~ bar karis RerZi
~ block n qvakari
centrally placed ~ centrSi gaWrili ~
~door n cru kari
~ flow open karni ganixvnen…
81
~ frame/setting karis CarCo
~ jamb/post karis amyoli
~ leaf/wing ~ frTa(cali mxare),daraba
nitched ~ niSebiani kari
~ socket n karis Casasmeli Riobi
~ step n ~ zRurbli
at the ~ ~ Zalian axlos,yurisZirSi
~ way n ~ Riobi
~ yard n ezo
dormant adj mTvlemare,umoqmedo
~in obscurity gaurkvevlobiT moculi
Dormition (the) n miZineba
dorsal adj sazurge
dosage n adj kazmi(s)
dosen n raime 12 cali ("duJini")
dosens/many ~ n pl mravali
dot n wertili=ornamenti,kopi
dotted adj wertilovani ornamenti,da-
winwkluli.daCvretili
thickly ~ wertilebiT dafaruli
(ornamenti)
~with sth datvirtuli,daxunZluli
doub(ed) v TixiT Seglesa/Seglesili
(Selesva/Selesili)
double v adj gaormageba; ormagi
~ arrow/lancet adj orisruli
~ barreled adj orsorsoliani
~ bladed adj orfxiani/orlesuli
~ chamber adj orsaTavsiani/senakiani
~ chanelled adj orRara
~ concave(d) adj ormxrivCazneqili
~ cone adj ormagi konusi
~ crutch adj ormadtesebri
~ curl adj zanuri/zenuri xvia
~ disc=disk adj ordiskoiani
~ ended adj ormagboloiani
~ headed adj orTaviani
~ pin adj orwvera=ormagwvetiani
~ row adj adv ormwkriva(d)
~ sheet n Sewyvilebuli furceli
~ sided adj ormxrivi
~ twig adj orwneliani
~ timber n xis boZebis ormagi mwkriv-
iT gakeTebuli kedeli
~ ~ wall n Zelis zRude
~ volute adj orvolutiani
doubled adj gaormagebuli,Sewyvilebuli
doubt n v eWvi,eWqveS dayeneba,yoymani
beyond ~ udaod
have no ~ eWvs ar iwvevs,ueWveli
nagging ~ Semawuxebeli eWvi
no ~ because of sth raRac udao/ueWve-
 სარჩევი
lia
no ~ that… eWvi araa,rom…
doubtful(ly) adj adv saeWvo(d),eWviT
doubtless(ly) adj adv udao(d),ueWveli/ueW-
velad
dough n adj comi(s)
dountless adj uSiSari
dove n mtredi
~ tailed adj uwyvetad gadabmuli-erTma-
neTSi Casmuli boloebiT,
pironebiani,mibma,dakavSireba
~ tailing n uwyveti gadabma,ulursmo
SeerTeba
dowager n mefis/mTavris qvrivi
dowel n sogmani,wkiri
down n prep dacema=dacemis xana,Wabukis
RinRli; qveviT/qvemoT
~ fall n dacema,daRupva
~ hearted adj sulierad gatexili,gul-
gatexili
~ hill adv TavdaRma(rTze)(rTSi),qveviT
~ to… …mde
~ town n qalaqis saqmiani nawili
~ trodden adj miviwyebuli
~ wards adv pirqve
downdrop n dacema,kleba
downplay v realuri mniSvnelobis dak-
nineba,arasaTanado Sefaseba
downstream n mdinaris qvemo dineba
dowry n niWi=talanti,mziTvi,saTavno
doyen n uxucesi
drab n WuWyi,dabali xarisxi
drachma/drachmae n sing/pl Lat. draqma
draconian adj drakonuli
draft n naSromis monaxazi,gegma,naxazi,
proeqti=naxazi,sanTlis namwvi
in ~ xelnawerSi (teqsti)
~ resolution winaswari dadgenileba
dragon n gveleSapi,urCxuli
~ fighter n urCxulTan mebrZoli
drags n pl naleqi (mag. WurWelSi)
drain n v adj amridi/sawreti arxi; gamo-
fitva;sasule,sakvamuri,kanalizacia,
wyalgayvaniloba
catch-water ~ wyalsawreti arxi/mili
~ pipe(see sima) ~ mili
tile ~ wyalsawreti arxi Tixisa
vertical ~ sawreti ormo
drainage n v (da)wreta,drenaJi
dramatically adv amaRelveblad,dramatu-
lad,gamaogneblad
drape/draping n danakeceba=drapireba
82
drapery n nakecebiani naWeri
drastic(ally) adj adv gadaWarbebuli,daskv-
niTi,Zireuli/Zireulad
draught n tvirTaweoba,tvirTmzidaoba
draughtsman/woman n grafikosi mxatva-
ri(kaci/qali)
draw n fari
v (see paint) (da)xatva fanqriT/kal-
miT,Tegva,rukaze/naxazze datana,
xazis gavleba,xazva,gaweva,gaTreva
~ attention yuradRebis gamaxvileba/mi-
pyroba
~ back v ukan gaweva/daxeva ramis
~ conclusion(s) daskvnis/daskvnebis gamo
tana
~ from v gamotana,xalxis mozidva;
Semotana(garedan,sadmeidan)
~ inferences daskvnebis gakeTeba/gamo-
tana
~ into v Semotana(Signi)
~ into life v cxovrebaSi CarTva
~ lots kenWisyra
~ the line between… gamijvna,xazis gav-
leba(Soris)
~ on v Camocma,wamocma,miaxloeba rame
sTan
~on experience ramis keTeba gamocdil-
ebaze dayrdnobiT
~ together v daaxloeba
~ a vail over v miCqmalva
drawback n nakli,wuni
drawing n grafikuli naxati,naxazi,Ca-
naxati
~ of script weris grafika
drawn adj daxatuli,daxazuli
conclusion is ~ from… daskvna gamotani-
lia raRacis safuZvelze
~ on datanili naxazze/rukaze
dream n v ocneba,sizmari,xilva
~ about v ocneba
~ of v dasizmreba
Dreissencia n moluskis saxeoba
dress n kaba,samosi,morTuloba,Cacmul
oba
v gaTla,galamazeba,morTva,mopir-
keTeba,Selesva,Semkoba,Semosva,Ca
cma,zedapiris damuSaveba
~ the ore madnis gamdidreba
~ rehearsal generaluri repeticia
dressed adj gaTlili,morTuli,mopirke-
Tebuli,Semosili,Semkuli/Semko-
bili
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dressing n morTuloba,Selesiloba,Cac- ~ soil unayofo miwa

muloba ~up v amoSroba
ger nivTis zedapiris damuSaveba dryad n tyis feria=ali
~ object adamianis mosarTavi/samkauli dual adj ormagi, or…
~ table tualetis magida dub n v monasmi(mxatvris); metsaxelis
dribble n wveTi Serqmeva,titulis boZeba,rain-
dried adj (ga)(da)mSrali,gamomSrali,gam- dad kurTxeva
xmari easy ~ Tavisufali monasmi(mxatvris)
drift n v nariyi=nariyali; xe-tyis dacu- ~ hand gawafuli xeli=ostati
reba dubious adj aramdgradi,saeWvo
drill n v burRi/gaburRva,saxvreti/gaxvre- duchy n saTavado
ta duct n Rari
drink v n daleva/sma; sasmeli ductile adj Wedadi=Wedvadi
drinking bout Sejibri smaSi ductility n Wedadoba
~ cup for wine n sasmuri due n adj sawevro Sesatani; kuTvnili
drip v CawveTeba,wveTva be ~ to sth raRac eqvemdebareba raRac-
dripping adj raime WurWeli,romelsac as(gamowveuli raRaciT,damo-
gasdis masSi Casxmuli siTxe kidebulia raRacaze)
drive v miyvana,manqanis marTva,(war)mar- ~ to v vinmes/ramis gamo (isobiT),wya-
Tva,amoqmedeba,amoZraveba lobiT
~ away/from v gandevna dues n pl baJi, gadasaxadi
~ in v mimwyvdeva/momwyvdeva dug adj dafluli,Cafluli
~in/into v SerWoba/CarWoba; erTi deta- ~ in adj miwaSi Cafluli
lis Casma meoreSi dugout=dug out(see dwelling) n miwuri
~inspiration STagonebis gamowveva/miReba semi ~ ~ n naxevradmiwuri
~ a tunnel gvirabis gaWra duke n mTavari(tituli),erisTavi
driver n (Ziris) mexre, manqanis mZRoli, Duke of Dukes n erisTavT-erisTavi
raimes mamoZravebeli dukedom n saerisTao,samTavro
driving adj amZravi,gamwevi dull adj dabinduli,mqrqali,mRvrie
dromader n saomari aqlemi=dromaderi dumb adj munji,upasuxo
dromos/dromi n sing/pl Lat. dromosi ~ bell n sawafi
drooping adj adamianis daqanebuli mxre- dummy n vinme vinmes magieri
bi dumn(ation)(ed) v n adj SeCveneba,SeCvene-
drop n v cvari/wveTi;dagdeba,dawveTeba, buli
Semcireba,daweva,mitoveba,davardna dump n adj nagavsayreli; notio,
~ like adj cremlisebri v datborva,wyliT dafarva
~out of use v xmarebidan gamosvla ~ heat system orTqliT gaTboba
~standard xarisxis dacema refuse ~ narCenebis ormo
~ to v ramis dadableba ~rubbish nagvis grova
dropping adj vardnili dumping grounds datborili(miwebi)
dross n adj wida/widis dung n adj nayari(s),nakeli(s),wivi(s)
drought(y) n adj gvalva,gvalviani dungeon n jurRmuli=cixe
drove n saqoneli=naxiri,jogi duplicate v aslis gakeTeba,gameoreba,mim-
~ way saqonlis gza gvaneba
drover n mejoge durability n gamZleoba(droSi)ucveTelo-
drown v wyliT dafarva,daxrCoba ba,amtanoba,xangrZlivoba
drum n doli,dafdafi durable adj gamZle,ucveTeli,xangrZlivi
dry v gamofitva,gaSroba,mzeze gamoyvana duration n xangrZlivoba
~ farming land/soil urwyavi miwa ~ in time droSi gamZle(oba)
~ gully mSralxevi long ~ didi xnis gamZle(oba)
~ out v adj (amo)(damo)Sroba; gvalvi- during pron ganmavlobaSi
ani,mSrali,uduRabo ~ + noun ~ manam sanam

83
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~ sb's reign vinmes mefobisas
dust n mtveri,neSti
dustpan n yoSi,aqandazi
dusty adj mtvriani
duty n valdebuleba,movaleoba,gamosaRe-
bi=gadasaxadi,baJi
duties n pl Tanamdeboba,movaleoba
exempt from ~ valdebulebisagan gaTa-
visufleba
dwarf n v juja, dapataraveba,Semcireba
dwell v binadroba,cxovreba
~ on detail(question,topic) SeCereba=yura-
dRebis gamaxvileba raime Temaze/
sakiTxze
dweller n binadari,mcxovrebi
dwelling n sadgomi,sacxovrisi,cxovreba
~ adobe aliziT nagebi sacxovrisi
~elevated on poles saxli svetebze
~half sunk into ground(see dugout) naxev-
radmiwuri sadgomi/sacxovrisi
~ place n sadgomi,sacxovrisi
dwindle v dakargva,gaqroba,CaZirva
~in obscurity gaurkvevlobaSi Cakargva=
gaqroba
dye n saRebavi (qsovilis)
~ house/works n samRebro
~ plant n mcenare,romelic saRebavad
gamoiyeneba
~ stuff n saRebavi=siTxe
vegetable ~ mcenareuli saRebavi
dyer n mRebavi
dynaty n dinastia
~descend(ed) from …dinastia saTaves
iRebs/modis...
dynastic adj dinastiuri(xana)
~coherence/succession dinastiuri
Tanmimdevroba
E ~ origin miwieri sawyisi
each pron adj TiToeuli
~ by itself cal-calke
~ one pron TiToeuli
~ other pron erTmaneTi(2 vinme/rame)
eagle n arwivi
golden ~ n mTis ~
eagle-eye(d) adj arwivi=maxvil(i) Tva-
li(ani)=Cubini
eaglet n arwivis marTve
ear v adamianis/cxovelis yuri,Taveli,
simindis taro
ear-ring n sayure
beamed ~ sxivana ~
earlier adj adv adre; droSi wina,(ufro)
adreuli=pirveli
not ~ than… adv arauadres...…
~ than… ufro adre, vidre...…
earliest adj adv uadresi=pirveli
the ~ manifestation of sth ramis pirveli=
uadresi gamoCena
early adj adv adre(uli),(u)win,Zveli,ad-
rindeli,naadrevi
as ~ at the beginning of… jer kidev ro-
dis...…
earmarking n damRa saqonlis yurze,gan-
masxvavebeli niSani,niSani imisa
rom raRac ekuTvnis vinmes/rames
earn v gamomuSaveba,fulis Sovna
~ the degree samecn. xarisxis mopoveba
earned adj gamomuSavebuli,naSovni,mona-
povari
earnest adj erTguli
earnings n pl SromiT naSovni=mopovebu-
li Tanxa
earth n (deda)miwa, neSti=micvalebuli
~ and timber pile building Zel-miwuri sa-
sacxovrisi
~ and timber wall xisa da miwis zvinu-
li
clod of ~ miwis goroxi/gunda
fuller's(see fulling) ~ maudis/matylis
saTeli Tixa
~ shattering adj aqamde arnaxuli,samya-
ros SemZvreli,dRemde arnaxuli
~ work miwis samuSaoebi
earthen adj miwis(a)
~ floor n soxane
~ wall=earthenwall n miwayrili,zvinu-
li
~ ware=earthenware n adj Tixis nawar-
mi/WurWeli; Tixis
earthly adj amqveyniuri,miwieri
earthquake(shock)=earth shaking n miwis-
Zvra
~ magnitude of the ~ 3-5 by the Richter
scale miwisZvris magnituda 3-5 rixte
ris skaliT
~ proof adj miwisZvris gamZle
earth's crust n miwis qerqi
earwig n ilari
ease(see easy) v gaadvileba,Semsubuqeba
easel n molberti
~ painting dazguri ferwera
easily adv advilad,Tavisuflad,Zalda-
utaneblad

84
 სარჩევი
~ cleansable is,rac advilad iwmindeba
easiness n siadvile,formis simsubuqe
east n adj aRmosavleTi
in/to the ~ aRmosavleTiT,aRmosavleTis
ken
Easter n adj aRdgoma/saaRdgomo
~ Eve vnebis kviris SabaTi
~ Monday aRdgomis meore dRe
~ Week aRdgomis kvira(7 dRe)=brwyin-
vale Svideuli
Easter-tide time dro aRdgomidan amaRle-
bamde
easterly adv aRmosavleTiT
most ~ adv ukiduresi aRmosavleTi(T)
eastern(most) adj adv aRmosavluri,ukidu
resi aRmosavleTi(T)
eastward(s) adv aRmosavleTiT,aRmosavle
Tisken
easy(see ease) adj advili,Tavisufali,ma
rtivi
~ access to advilad misadgomi,moxer-
xebuli gasasvleli/misasvleli,
xelmisawvdomi
~ dab/stroke Tavisufali monasmi
~ form ~ forma
~ melted advildnobadi
~ pose Tavisufali poza
~ restored advild aRsadgeni
~ split advilsapobi
~ soluble advilxsnadi nivTiereba
~ style martivi stili
~ treated/worked advilad dasamuSavebe-
eli masala
eave n saxuravis Sverili lavgardanis
Tavze
eaves n kiduli saxuravi, Cardaxi
ebb n v stiqari; galeva,gaqroba,zRvis
ukuqceva
ebon a adj Savi xe/xis
ecce n iesos gamosaxleba eklis gvirg-
viniT
ecclesia(see ekklesia) n eklesia
Ecclesiastes n eklesiaste
ecclesiatical adj sasuliero,saeklesio
~ architecture saeklesio xuroTmoZRv-
reba
echinus n naoTxali lilvi(ornamenti)
echinus/echini n sing/pl Lat. eqini
echo n v gamoZaxili,eqo;,gamoxmaureba=
exmianeba
in an ~ of sth exmianeba=imeorebs
eclipse n mzis/mTvaris dabneleba
85
economic adj ekonomi(k)uri,sameurneo
~ life meurneoba,sameurneo cxovreba
economically adv ekonomi(k)urad
economy n ekonomika/ekonomia,meurneoba
inward looking ~ Sida ~
ecumenical adj ekumenuri
~ council saeklesio sabWo
Eden n samoTxe (bibl)
edge n adj zRvari,kide,napiri,nawiburi,
Senobis uReli,kidisa
at the ~ kideze
~ into v Casma ramisa rameSi
~ to ~ piri-pirze (wyoba)
towards the ~ kidisken
edged adj Casmuli
~with sth moCarCoebuli ramiT
edible adj raime sakvebad vargisi
edict n Zegliswera,brZaneba,ediqti
edifice n nageboba,SexedulebaTa sistema
~ of sth mimdinareoba ramisa
edify v teqstis redaqtireba
edit(ing) v ger gamocema (naSromis,wignis)
edition n gamicema,redaqcia=redaqtireba,
sxvagvari wakiTxva=gageba
revised ~ axali/Sesworebuli da Sev-
sebuli gamocema
separate ~ calke gamocema
editor n gamomcemeli,redaqtori
General ~ mTavari ~
editor-in-chief n mTavari/pasuxismgebeli ~
editorial adj sagamomcemlo,saredaqcio
~ board n redkolegia
~ office n redaqcia(dawesebuleba)
educate v ganaTleba/ganswavla vinmesi
educated adj ganaTlebuli,ganswavluli
deeply ~ Rrmad ganswavluli
education n aRzrda,ganaTleba
~ experience ganaTlebis done/cenzi
get ~ ganaTlenbis miReba
educational/educative adj saganmanaTleb-
lo
educator n aRmzrdeli=gamzrdeli
edze n eCo
effect v gavlena,Sexeba,ganxorcieleba,ze
moqmedeba,momoqmedeba,Sesruleba,ga-
vlenis/efeqtis moxdena
be in ~ v moqmdeba
be in ~ for some time moqmedeba raRac
droSi
effected adj (raime,razec) zegavlena mox-
da
effective(ness) adj n sasargeblo,efeqtu-
 სარჩევი
ri/efeqturoba,gavlenismomxdeni
effector(see effect) n Semsrulebeli
effeminate n qalaCuna
efficiency=efficiency n sargeblianoba=efeq
turoba,mwarmoebluroba,produq
tiuloba,unari,sinamdvile
efficient(ly) adj adv pirveli/pirvelad,efe
qturi,momqmedi,produqtiuli,go-
nivruli,daxvewili,misaRebi,mor
gebuli,moxerxebuli,unaris mqone
effluent adj gamavali,gamdinare
effort n v cda,mcdeloba
level of ~ mcdelobis done
efforts n pl mcdeloba(ni),mecadineoba=Se-
ecado
make all possible ~ yvela Rone ixmaro,
rom...…
egg n adj kvercxi(s); kvercxi=ornamenti
~ shaped adj kvercxisebri=kvercxis
formis
~ shell=eggshell n adj kvercxis naWuWi(s
Txelkedliani(WurWeli)
egregious adj pirwavardnili,namdvili
either pron yovelgvari,yovelnairi,rome-
lime
~ …or pron an...…an...…
enjoy v siamovneba
~ sth ganxorcieleba ramis
ekklesia/ekklesiae n sing/pl Gr.(see ecclesia)
n eklesia
elaborate adj v dawvrilebiTi,daxvewili,
gamowvlilviTi,rTuli,detaluri,
SesaniSnavi,CaxlarTuli;gaazreba,
ganviTareba,gamomuSaveba,dazuste-
ba,zedmiwevniT damuSaveba ramis
elaborately adv daxvewilad,dawvrilebiT,
mSvenivrad,detalurad
~ proportioned daxvewili(proporciebi
~ treated bejiTad/mSvenivrad dmuSave-
buli
elaborateness n sirTule,daxvewiloba
elaboration n daxvewiloba,sizuste
elated adj a(R)marTuli
elbow n idayvi; milis muxli;
~ one's way gzis gakvleva bevr xalxSi
~ shaped adj muxliani,muxlisebri
elder(see older) adj asakiT ufrosi(ojax-
Si,jgufSi)
~ berry n adj anwli(s),Sambukus spp
~ man n mamasaxlisi, uxucesi
elderberry n adj Sambukus spp Lat anwli
elderly adj xanSi Sesuli,Rrma moxuci
86
elect(ed) v adj arCeva/arCeuli (arCevneb-
Si)
election (s) n pl arCevani,arCevnebi
snap ~ vadamdeli arCevnebi
electrum n adj mkrTali oqro(si)=eleq-
trumi=oqro+vercxli
elegancy n sikoxtave
elegant adj daxvewili,koxta, mSvenieri
elements=earth,air,fire,water n stiqia=deda-
miwa,haeri,cecxli,wyali ; ziarebis
pur-Rvino; anbani
elemental adj stiqiisa,stiqiuri
elementary adj dawyebiTi,umartivesi
elements n pl amindi,bunebrivi movlenebi
~have taken their toll klimatma Tavisi da-
Ri daasva/kvali daamCnia
harsh natural ~ mkacri klimaturi piro
bebi
open to the ~ Ria cis qveS
elemon n qaji
elephant n spilo
elepantry n spiloebze amxedrebuli ja-
ri
elevant adj maRali
elevate(ion) v n aRmarTva,aRsaydreba,tax-
tze ayvana,ramis Semodgma rameze,
aweva,SemaRleba, amaRlebuli
~ of Host amaRleba(relig.dResasw)
elevated adj amaRlebuli,(ze)aweuli,Se-
marlebuli,maRali,didebuli
~from sth amomarTuli raRacidan
~ point SemaRlebuli adgili
elevation(s) n (win)xedi=fasadi, simaRle-
Ebze...
at lower/upper ~ dabal/maRal doneze/
simaRleze
back ~ ukana xedi=fasadi
full ~ winxedi,sruli simaRle
eligible adj saWiro
eliminate v acileba,aRmofxvra,ganadgure
ba,ramisTvis azris Camocileba
elite n adj warCinebuli,elituri
elites n elita
non ~ adj araelituri
elk n losi
ell n wyrTa=1,4 sm
elmtree n adj Tela/Telis
elongate v gaWimva,dagrZeleba,drois ga-
xangrZliveba,wagrZeleba
elongated adj mogrZo,dagrZelebuli,wa-
grZelebuli
eloquence n mWevrmetyveleba
 სარჩევი
eloquent(ly) adj adv mWevrmetyveli,mWevr-
metyvelurad,mravlismetyveli,dama-
jerebeli,gamomsaxvelobiT,saukeTeso
elsewhere adv sadme,sxvagan,sadRac,yvel-
gan,sxva adgili/adgilas
elucidate v garkveva,axsna.ganmarteba,si-
naTlis mofena
elude v Tavis arideba vinmesTvis
eluded adj dagvianebuli,rasac didxans
elodnen
alusive adj rTuli,xangrZlivi,moCvenebi-
Ti,matyuara,iluzoruli
allusiveness n moCvenebitoba,Znelad gada
sawyveti sirTule,raime mosag-
varebeli
emanating from… gamomdinare aqedan...…
emancipate(d)(ion) v adj n monobisagan ga-
Tavisufleba/gaTavisuflebuli
emasculate v dasusteba,Zalis gamocla,
dasaWuriseba
embalm(er) v n dabalzameba=Semurva;Sem-
murveli
embankment n damcavi zvinuli, yrili,
jebiri gzis gaswvriv
embark on sth ramis dawyeba,saqmis Sedgo
ma,dayrdnoba rameze(msjelobisas)
embassy n elCoba,saelCo
embed(ed)=imbed(ed) v adj Casma/CarWoba
ramisa rameSi; Casmuli/CarWobili,
moTavseba ramisa rameSi
embellish(ed)(ment) v adj n morTva/morTu
li,Semkoba/Semkuli; morTuloba
ornamenti,gazviadeba/gazviadebuli
embellishing sth raime damaSvenebeli rami
ember n adj minavlebuli nakvercxali,
cxeli nacari,mxurvaleba,sicxe
~post samdRiani marxva weliwadSi 4-
jer(1-~fast,2-~season,3-~tide,4-~week)
emblem n niSani,emblema
~ of power Zalauflebis niSani
emblema/emblemata n sing/pl Lat. emblema;
reliefuri=raime zedapirze
dakruli ornamenti
emblematic n simbolo ramis
emblemic adj simboluri
embodied adj gansxeulebuli,xorcSesx-
muli
embodiment n gansaxiereba,gansxeuleba,
xorcSesxma
embody v gansxeuleba,Seqmna,xorcSes-
xma,gansaxiereba,gamosaxva,vxovreba-
Si gatareba
emboss(ed)(ing) v adj liTonze kveTa
87
waRma piridan;Semkuli,relief-
uri liToni;(ix.repoussage)
embossement n samkauli,liTonis Semku-
loba
embrace v miReba(sarwmunoebis),xelis
Semoxveva,mocva ramis(mag.sakiTxis)
gamoyeneba,SeTviseba,mocva/moicavs
~ period moicavs raRac periods
~deity/religion aRiareba RvTaebis/religi
is
In the ~ of sth gavlenis qveS yofna
~theme moicavs Temas...
embrocate(ion) v n sxeulis dazela
embroidery n naqargi=naqargoba
embroider(ed)(er) v adj n (mo)qargva,moqar-
guli,naqargi ; mqargveli
embryonic adj Canasaxovani,TviTnabadi
embryo n ZuZumwovris Canasaxi=embrioni
in ~ Canasaxovani,CanasaxSi
emerald n adj zurmuxti(s)
emerge v aRmoceneba,gaCena=Casaxva,gamo-
Cena,Camoyalibeba=warmoqmna,wamo-
marTva
~ from the crisis gasaWiridan/krizisidan
gamosvla
(as) it ~ (s) that… irkveva,rom...…
emerged adj aRmdgari,amarTuli,amomar-
Tuli,warmoqmnili
emergence n gamoCena(mag.rkinis)
emergency adj gauTvaliswinebeli
emergent adj axali/es-esaa gamoCenili
(Camoyalibebuli/warmoqnili) ram,
axlad Casaxuli,sawyisi
emerging adj raime iseTi,race es-esaa
isaxeba(Cndeba,yalibdeba)
sth fast ~ swrafad gaCenili ram
eminence n amaRleba,sidiade,SemaRleba,
simaRle,maRali mdgomareoba saz-
Si, (samRvdelo)uwmindesoba
natural ~ bunebrivi borcvi/SemaRleba
eminent adj amaRlebulu(grZnoba,stili),
gamoCenili,damsaxurebuli,(Tval)
saCino,eriskaci,Rvawlmosili)ada-
miani,mniSvnelovani
~ figure didi adamiani
~ role played by sb mniSvnelovani ro-
lis Sesruleba raime saqmeSi
emissary n emisari
empanel v sasapalne unagiris dadgma,
panelebiT gawyoba/dafarva
empanelled adj panelebiani
emperor n xelmwife=imperatori (kaci)
emphasis n xazgasma
 სარჩევი
~is/placed on sth xazgasma.datvirTva/yu-
radReba modis...
emphasize(d) adj gadaWarbebiT Sefaseba/
Sefasebuli,xazgasma/xazgasmuli
yuradRebis gamaxvileba,gansakuT-
rebuli mniSvnelobis miniWeba,
gamomsaxvelobis micema
over ~ v gadaWarbebiT Sefaseba
emphasizing adj mkveTri
~ that… miTumetes,rom...…
employ v gamoyeneba,xmara/xmareba,samuSa-
oze ayvana
~ for sth gamoyeneba ramisTvis/rameSi
~ in azris Caqsova rameSi
employed adj saqmiT dakavebuli
employee n daqiravebuli TanamSromeli
employment n saqmiT dakavebuloba,samsa-
xuri
employer n damqiravebeli
emporia n Lat. emporia
emporion n Gr. Tanadasaxleba=emporioni
emporium/emporia n sing/pl Lat. savaWro
centri=emporiumi
empower(ed) v adj vinmes aRWurva ufle-
bamosilebiT,vinmesTvis ufleba-
amosilebis micema/qona;ufleba-
mosilisili,gaZlierebuli,Zala-
uflebiT aRWurvili
empress n xelmwife=imperatori (qali)
emptied adj daclili,fuWi
emptiness n sicariele
empty v adj dacla,carieli=daclili,
uazro,fuWi
~ place carieli adgili=sicariele=
Araraoba
emulate(ion) v n Sejibri,jobna,mibaZva,ma-
galiTis aReba
enable v SeZlo(s) vinmem rame,SeaZlebi-
no(s) vinmes rame,aamoqmedo,aamuSao,
gaxado rame SesaZlebeli
~ sb to do sth vinmesTvis saSualebis mi-
cema gaakeTos rame
enact v amoqmedeba,daweseba,dadgena,pies-
esis dadgma scenaze
enamel n adj v minanqari/minanqris,momi-
nanqreba
~ mass minanqris masa
~ slip minanqruli laki
black ~ Savi sevada
~ work minanqriT Semkuli nivTebi
enameled adj mominanqrebuli
encase sth in sth v budeSi Casma ramis,yuT
Si Calageba,mopirkeTeba,dafarva,
88
xis CarCo betonis Casasxmelad,
xiT mopirkeTeba,abjarSi Casma
encasement n mopirkeTeba
enchance(d) v adj gaZliereba/gaZliere-
buli,Rirebulebis mateba
enchant(ed)(ing) v adj monusxva,monusxu-
li,momnusxveli; mojadoeba,moma-
jadoebeli,mojadoebuli
enceinte n forti,safortifikacio nage-
boba,kazemati cixe-simagreSi
encircle(d) v adj garSemortyma/garSemor-
tymuli,Semovleba/Semovlebuli,
Semoxazva/Semoxazuli
enclave=enoikismos (Gr) n anklavi
enclose v garSemortyma,Semovleba=Semo-
Robva,momwyvdeva,cixeze Semowyo-
ba,SemozRudva,Semokaveba,Tan dar-
Tva(mag,sabuTze/werilze)
enclosed adj garSemortymuli,Semovlebu-
li=SemoRobili,SemozRuduli
Semokavebuli
~ here with… (aqve) Tan erTvis…
enclosing with… garsSemovlebuli ramiT
enclosure n v danarTi sabuTze/werilze;
gomi,(Semo)zRudva/kaveba,Caketva
~ wall Robe=kedeli,galavani
encompass(ed) v adj wris Semovleba,Se-
movlebuli,Semoxazva/Semoxazuli,
moicavs,Seicavs,kedlis Semovleba
encompassing adj momcveli,Semcveli
encounter n v Sexvedra,wawydoma(moulo-
dnelad,SemTxveviTi)
~end v dasasrulis moaxloeba
near ~ v miaxloeba
ncourage(d)(ment)(ing) v adj n gamxneveba
gamxnevebuli,gamamxnevebeli,da-
imedeba,daimedebuli,damaimedebe
li;Zalis Semateba,waxaliseba/
waxalisebuli,wamaxalisebeli,
waqezeba,xelSewyoba
encroach(ment) v n SeWra sadme,xelyofa
end n ramis bolo,daisi,dasasruli
v gaTaveba,gaqroba,damTavreba,das-
ruleba,daboloeba
at the ~ ramis bolo(s)
blunt/proximal ~ blagvi bolo ramis
bring an ~ to sth dasruleba ramis
distal/sharp ~ mWreli bolo ramis
in the ~ bolos,sabolood
premature ~ naadrevi/udroo sikvdili
towards the ~ bolosken,dasasrulisken
ended adj daboloebuli
endanger v damuqreba=raRacas elis sa-
 სარჩევი
frTxe
endeavour n v cda,Seecado,mcdeloba,Za-
lisxmeva
ending adj bolo,damaboloebeli
endless adj gauTavebeli,dausrulebeli,
ulevi,usasrulo,samaradiso
endorse v daTanxmeba,mimxroba
endowe(d) with v adj uzrunvelyofa,uz-
runvelyofili SemosavliT.daji-
ldoeba/dajildoebuli(adamiani
niWiT,qveyana bunebrivi simdidriT)
ends n pl raime sagnis boloebi
intermingled ~ erTmaneTze gadasuli bo
loebi
endscraper n safxeki
endure v (gad)atana,gaZleba,gadarCena,mo-
Tmena
enduring adj amtani,gamZle,mtkice,ukvdavi
~feat gmiroba,ostatoba
~tradition Zlieri/gamZle tradicia
enemy(see enmity) n mteri
~ within Sinagni/Sida ~
en facé n Fr. winxedi=anfasi
enforce(d) v adj iZuleba=aiZulo vinme,
iZulebuli,iZulebiTi
enfranchise v gaTavisufleba xalxis,mo-
qalaqeobis micema,daqiravebuli
miwis gadacema sakuTrebaSi
engage v daniSvna qalis/kacis;samuSa-
oze ayvana,yuradRebis mipyroba
~ into combat brZolaSi CaTreva
~ oneself to do sth valdebulebis aReba
~ ~ to sb vinmeze daniSvna/dawin-
dva
~sb in doing sth aiZulo vinme gaakeTos
raRac,daakavo raime saqmiT,Car-
ramis keTebaSi
~ sb into sth raime saqmianobaSi CaTreva
engaged adj daniSnuli qali/kaci,saqmiT
garTuli/dakavebuli,kedelSi
Casmuli rame
engaging adj mimzidveli,momxiblavi
engagement n niSnoba,Sexvedra=paemani
engagingly adv mimzidvelad,moxdenilad
engender(ing) v adj ger gamravleba/momr-
avleba,gamowveva,aRgzneba,Soba=si
cocxlis micema,dabadeba,ukmayo-
filebis gamowveva
~emotion emociis aRZvra
engine n iaraRi=xelsawyo,Zrava
engineering n adj dagegmareba da mSeneb-
loba,mSenebloba,samSeneblo
saqme; samSeneblo
89
engrave n v Weduroba; aRbeWdva,(amo)kve-
Ta liTonze,civad kveTa/Wedva
engravings n pl.usu Weduroba(ni),liTon-
ze datanili gamosaxuleba(ni)
engrossed in adj saqmeSi/fiqrSi Cafluli
enhance v saSiSroebis zrda/gaZliereba
danaSaulis damZimeba,dargis mo-
Roniereba(mag.meTuneobis),gazr-
a,gaZliereba,gaRrmaveba
enigma(tic) n adj gamocana,saidumloeba;
(g)amoucnobi,saidumloebiT moculi
enjoy v garToba,gancxroma,saqmianoba,ga-
ziareba/floba ramis,sargebloba
ramiT,ganxorcieleba ramis
~ links kavSirebis qona
~ priviledges upiratesobis miReba,upira
tesobiT sargebloba
~ sth sargebloba ramiT
enjoyed adj naCvevi
enjoyment n garToba
enlarge(d)(ing)(ment) v adj ger n gadideba/
gadidebuli,(ga)zrda/gazrdili,ga-
farToeba/gafarToebuli,(mo)mate-
ba/momatebuli
enlay n v zarniSi,mozarniSeba
enlighten v ganaTleba vinmesi,gagebineba
ramisa,gaSuqeba sakiTxis
enlightened adj ganaTlebuli,mcodne
enlightener(see bringer,unimatrix) n ganmana-
Tlebeli
Enlightment n ganmanaTlebloba(epoqa)
enlightment n ganaTleba/ganaTlebuloba
enlist(ed) v adj CamoTvla,CamoTvlili
enliven(ed) v adj gacocxleba=sulis STa
berva,gacocxlebuli,sulCadgmuli
enmity(see enemy) n mtroba
ennoble v gakeTilSobileba,aristokra-
tis wodebis miniWeba
enormous(ly) adj adv auracxeli,bevri,
uzarmazari
enough n adj adv sakmao, sakmari(sad)
(si),samyofi
enquire=inquire v (mo)kiTxva,ambis gageba
enrage(d) v adj ganrisxeba,ganrisxebuli
enrapture by v aRfrTovaneba ramiT
enrich(ed)(ment) v adj n gamdidreba,gamdi-
drebuli,gaumjobeseba
mutual ~ urTierTgamdidreba
enrol=enroll(ment) v n aRniSvna,siaSi Seta
na,registracia
en rout adv Fr. gzaSi,mgzavrobisas
ensconce v damalva,Camalva,Casafreba
ensemble n ansambli
 სარჩევი
enshrine v ritualis/wesis dadgena/damk-
vidreba
enslave(d)(ment) v adj n damoneba,damone-
buli
ensure v darwmuneba,dazRveva,uzrunvel-
yofa
entablature=entablement n Fr. antablemen-
ti
enter v n Sesvla sadme,Sesasvleli
~ the conversation saubarSi CarTva
~ the sea zRvaSi Sesvla
enterprise n gabeduli/didi wamowyeba
entertain(ment) v n maspinZloba,garToba
entertwisted adj gaormagebuli=urTierT-
gadaxveuli
enthrone(d)(ment) v adj n taxtze asvla/
asuli,ayvana/ayvanili,dasma/das-
muli,aRsaydreba
entire adj mTeli/mTels..,sruli,pirveli,
sawyisi,uwyveti,ZiriTadi
the ~ people mTeli xalxi
entirely adv Tavdapirvelad,Tavidanve,
mTlad,mTlianad,safuzvelSive,
srulad,sruliad,mxolod,sabo-
lood,savsebiT,samudamod
in ~ adv mTlianobaSi
entitle(ment) v n dasaTaureba,uflebis
micema
entitled to adj uflebis qona,uflebamosi-
li
entity n arsi,erToba,erToblioba,erTad
erToba,realurad arsebuli orga-
nizmi, yofa
entomb(ed)(ment) v adj n dakrZalva,dakr-
Zaluli
Entombment n qristes dakrZalva
entrails npl Signeuloba
entrance(see entry) n Sesasvleli,kari
flanking ~ flankirebuli kari
entreat n v vedreba,mudara
entrench v gaZliereba
entrepreneur n Suamavali,sawrmos mflo-
beli,mewarme,antrepreniori
entrepreneurship n mewarmeoba,Suamavloba
entrepreneurially minded mesakuTrulad
ganwyobili adamiani
entry(see entrance) n saZromi,Sesasvleli
enumerate(ed) v adj CamoTvla/CamoTvli-
li
envelop n v konverti,yda; SefuTva
envil(see beak) n grdemli
environmental adj (bunebrivi) garemo
environment(s) n garemo,Semogareni
90
environs n pl Semogareni(soflis,qalaqis
envious adj Suriani/moSurne,mtruli
envoy n elCi
envy n Suri
enwind(ed) v adj (da)xveva/xveuli
eparch(y) n eparqiosi,eparqia
ephemeral adj droebiTi=aramudmivi,xan-
mokle,moCvenebiTi
epic adj gmiruli,epikuri
~ literature eposi=epikuri literatura
epicedion/epicedioni n sing/pl Gr. simRera
micvalebulis dakrZalvisas(mag.
lileo)
epicenter n epicentri
epigone n epigoni
epigraphic adj werilobiTi
epichysis/epichysisis n sing/pl Lat. sanelsa-
cxeble=epixizisi
Epipalaeotithic adj epipaleoliTuri=gvia-
ni zeda paleoliTuri
Epiphany(see Magnificat) n naRlisReba=
RvTis gamocxadeba(dResaswauli)
mogvTa misvlis dRe Cvil iesosTan
episode n movlena,SemTxveva,epizodi
epistemic(aly) adj adv SemecnebiTi/Semec-
nebiTad
Epistle n wminda werili=epistole
epistola/epistolae n sing/pl Lat. epistole
Episcopal/Episcopate adj saepiskoposo
Episcope n episkoposi
epitaph n epitafia
epithalamium/epthalamiumi n sing/pl Gr. epi-
Talama=saqorwino simRera
eponym(ous) n adj eponimi,eponimuri
epos n eposi
equal adj Tamabari,Tanatoli,Tanaswori
msgavsi,erTnairi
be on ~ footing Tanabari uflebiT sar-
gebloba
~ in age/size (Tana)toli asakiT/zomiT
on ~ terms Tanabarwilad
equality n erTianoba,erTnairoba,Tanaswo
roba,msgavseba
~ of power Tanasworuflebianoba
equally adv erTnairad,imgvaradve,Tanab-
rad,tolad
equarry n amilaxvari=mejinibeTuxucesi
equate with v gaTanabreba=gatoleba,Tanx
vedra
equestrian n adj mxedarTa wodebis wevri,
sacxenocno
equestrian/equestrienne n mxedari kaci/qa-
 სარჩევი
li
~ statue mxedris qandakeba
equiangular adj tolkuTxa
equid n cxenamde arsebuli cxenisebri
arseba
equidistant(ly) adj adv Tanabari manZili(T)
equilateral adj tolgverda
equip(ment) v n aRWurva/aRWurviloba,
daferva,Seqmna,inventari
equipped adj aRWurvili,daferili
equitium/equitii n sing/pl Lat. rema-cxenebis
equivalent adj Tanabari,toli,Sesabamisi,
Sesatyvisi
~ in value to sth udris=tolia fasiT/
xarisxiT
sth of ~ date raRac Tanadrouli,
igive TariRi(ani)
era n era, xana
eraillure n Camonatexi qvidan atkecili
anatkeci
erase(d) v adj amoSla/amoSlili,gadaS-
lili,waSla/waSlili
erect(ed) v adj ageba,aRmarTva/aRmarTu-
li(Zeglis,taZris,jvris),kedlis
amoyvana
ergasteriarchos n Gr. xelosanTuxucesi
ergative structure qarTuli moTxrobiTi
brunvis Sesabamisi forma,romelic
miuTiTebs gamkeTebels=qvemdeba-
res mag. gio-m gaakeTa
ermine n adj yaryumi(s)
erode(d) v adj gamofitva,daleqva/danale-
qi
~ land (Camo)naSali miwa
erotic adj erotikuli
erratic adj gaurkveveli,gauwonasworebe-
li adamiani,raime araswori/arasando
errogance n ampartavneba
erroneous(ly) adj adv mcdari,SecdomiT
error n cdomileba,mcdaroba,Secdoma
literar ~ enobrivi Secdoma
margin of ~ cdomilebis zRvari
sb in ~ Secdomili,codvili
erosion(see erode) n gamofitva,erozia
erstwhile adj yofili, Zveli
~territories adre/odesRac kuTvnili te-
ritoriebi
eruption n amofrqveva
escape v arideba=daqceva,Tavidan aci-
leba,Tavis arideba(morideba,Sekaveba)
eschew v gverdis avla,Tavis arideba
especially adv gansakuTrebiT,sagangebod,
91
Zalze,Zalian
~ as… miTumetes,rom...…
produced ~ as grave goods raime gakeTe-
buli sagangebod samarxSi Ca-
sataneblad
esplanade n moedani, farTobi
essence n (ZiriTadi) azri, arsi
in ~ arsebiTad,arsSi/arsiT
essential adj arsebiTi,mniSvnelovani,mTa-
vari,saWiro,aucilebeli,umTavresi
ZiriTadi
~ feature mTavari/ZiriTadi niSani
in ~ way Zireulad
essentially adv ZiriTadad,Zireulad,umTa-
vresad,mniSvnelovnad
essay n esse,Txzuleba,naSromi
establish v daarseba,mogvareba,garkveva,
dadgena,Seqmna,Camoyalibeba,mowes-
rigeba,dalageba,damkvidreba,damya
reba,dafuZneba
~ firmly mtkiced(myarad,uryevad)damkvi-
dreba
~ opinion azris Camoyalibeba
~ someone’s identity vinmes vinaobis dad
gena
established adj ganviTarebuli,daarsebu-
li,mogvarebuli,garkveuli,dadge-
nili,Seqmnili,Camoyalibebuli,mo-
wesrigebuli,dalagebuli,damkvid-
rebuli,damyarebuli,dafuZnebuli
~ life damjdari cxovreba
~ opinion damkvidrebuli azri/Sexedu
leba
estate n adj qoneba,sauflo miwa,samf-
lobelo; mamuli,qonebrivi
~ investiture v vinmesTvis wodebis miniWe
ba
esteem sb dafaseba/pativiscema vinmesi,
Sefaseba,miCneva
estimate v gulisxmoba,Sefaseba
~ by eye TvalzomiT(i) Sefaseba
estimation n Sefaseba
etch v kveTa,ofortis keTeba,amoWma or-
namentis,gravireba
~in folk memory CabeWdva xalxis mexsie-
rebase
~the way gzis gakvalva(mdinaris kala-
poti gakvala mdinarem)
eternal adj maradi(uli),samaradiso,sauku
noebrivi,ukvdavi,samaradJamo
~ life maradi(uli) sicocxle/cxovreba
eternity n maradiuloba,ukvdaveba
eternize v ukvdavyofa
 სარჩევი

ethereal adj uxorco,haerovani ~ life maradi(uli) cxovreba

~ light ciuri naTeli ever-living adj ukvdavi
~ messenger cis mociquli every pron TiToeuli,yvela
ethereality n haerovneba everybody yvela (adamiani)
etnicity n erovneba,eTnikuri warmomavlo- everyday adj yoveldRiuri,Cveuli
ba ~ life yoveldRiuroba
etui=etwee n sanemse sth of ~ life yofiTi
Eucharist n samadlobeli, evqaristia ~ terms yoveldRiuroba=yofa
eulogia n nakurTxi puri everything n yvelaferi,yoveli
eulogy n adj elegia,xotba; saxotbo everywhere adv yvelgan
eunuch n saWurisi evict from v gandevna teritoriidan
eupator n evpatori evidence n niSani,cnoba,dasturi,masala,
evacuate(ion) v n evakuacia kvali,sabuTi,samxili,sinamdvile
evaluate(d)(ion) v adj n Sefaseba,Sefase- namdvile,mtkicebuleba,movlena,
buli=fasis dadeba damadasturebeli faqti/viTareba
Evangelist n maxarebeli,RvTismetyveli acquire ~ cnobis mipoveba
evaporate(d)(ion) v adj n aorTqleba/aorT ample ~ mtkice/mravali sabuTi
qlebuli as~ rogorc dasturi/sabuTi ramisa
even adj gluvi,swori be in ~ dadastureba ramis arsebobisa
adv gacilebiT...… collateral ~ arapirdapiri ~
v gasworeba,mogluveba,mosworeba compelling ~ utyuari sabuTi ramisa
particle ...c, ki, maSinac ki,roca..,Tu.., field ~ savele monapovari
Tundac, TviT, jer kidev firm ~ mtkice sabuTi ramisa
~ if… Tundac…. first hand ~ pirdapiri/utyuari cnoba
but ~ so asec ron iyos… ~ for/of sth sabuTi ramisa
~ less kidev ufro naklebi ~ for identity warmomavlobis damadastu-
~ more kidev meti...…(c) rebeli sabuTi
~so da mainc..., asec rom iyos... insufficient ~ arasakmarisi ~
~ stronger gacilebiT Zlier(i) meager ~ mwiri/uRimRamo masala
~though miuxedavad imisa,rom... most telling ~ metyveli dasturi/sabuTi
evening n adj saRamo(s) ~ of occupation cxovrebis kvali
Evening Prayer mwuxris locva ~ of warfare omis ~
evenly erTgvarovnad,Tanabrad,sworize- sound ~ mtkice sabuTi
dapiri strands of ~ monapovris siuxve
event(ful) n adj movlena,ambavi; movlene- supplying ~ damatebiTi ~
biT savse(xana) evidence v dadastureba ramis
transient ~ SemTxveviTi movlena evident(ly) adj adv aSkara(d),udaod,ueWve
eventual(ly) adj adv saboloo; bolos,sa- lad
bolood,mogvianebiT,Sedegad(rami- evocate/evoke v sulebis gamowveva,gone-
sa),Semdgom amisa..,SemdgomSi,sava- baSi gacocxleba ramis
audo(d),TandaTan,sabolood,droTa evocation n ~ ~
ganmavlobaSi evocative adj sulebis gamomwvevi,goneba-
ever adv odesme Si ramis gamcocxlebeli ram
hardly ~ Znelad Tu odesme...… evolution n ganviTareba,winsvla
everage n saerTo jami in ~ ganviTarebis procesSi,ganviTa-
in ~ Sedegad,jamSi ebaSi
everengrave(ing) v ger liTonze arsebul evolutionary adj evoluciuri
gamosaxulebaze zevidan axlis evolve v gaSla,gafarToeba,gamovlena,
amokveTa TandaTan ganviTareba
evergreen adj maradmwvane ~ a method meTodis SemuSaveba
everlasting adj gamZle,maradi(uli),mudmi- evolved adj Seqmnili,SemuSavebuli
vi,samaradiso,uSreti ~ from ganviTarebuli raRacisgan

92
 სარჩევი

evolving adj is,rac viTardeba emerge from ~ gaTxrebiT gamoCnda…

evil n adj siave; avi, boroti from ~ gaTxrebis Sedegad
~ eye avi Tvali ~ have been undertaken Zegli (iTxrebo-
ewe nerbi=dedali cxvari da...)
~ in yarn make cxvari ~ revealed/yielded gaTxrebma gamoavlina
young ~ Toxli through ~ gaTxrebis mimdinareobisas
ewer n sura (WurWeli) undertake ~ ~ Catareba
ex… pref yofili excavator n gamTxreli (arqeologi)
exacerbate v gaZlireba/gaRrmaveba ramis exceed v gadaWarbeba/sWarbobs…
gasma far ~ didad sWarbobs
exact adj zusti excellence(your ~) (Tqveno) brwyinvalebav!
~ line ~ ganyofi (xazi) excellent adj saukeTeso,saucxoo,SesaniS
not ~ arazusti navi
exactly adv zustad,swored except prep garda
more or less ~ amaTuim sizustiT,cotad exception n adj gamonaklisi,gansakuT-
Tu bevrad rebuli,sagangebo
exactness n sizuste with the ~ of sth garda raRacisaa
with ~ adv sizustiT without ~ gamonaklisis gareSe
exaggerate(d)(ion) v adj n gadaWarbebiT exceptional(ly) adj adv gansakuTrebuli/
Sefaseba/Sefasebuli;gaZliereba, gansakuTrebulad,sagangebo(d)
zrda,xazgasma excess n siWarbe
~features mkveTrad/xazgasmiT gamoxat- in ~ of…raRac metobiT/siWarbiT
uli niSnebi excessive adj zomas gadasuli,zedmeti,me-
exam(ination)(ine) n v gamocda,daTvali- tismeti
ereba,Seswavla,avadmyofis gasinjva ~ quantity mzardi raodenoba
Zieba,ganxilva,dazverva,mosinjva, excessively adv mzardad,metismetad
SeTvaliereba,gamokvleva,eqpertiza exchange v gadacvla,gacvla,gacvla-gam-
examine(d) v ganxilva/ganxiluli,Seswa- ocvla,birJa
vla/Seswavlili for ~ gasacvlelad, sacvleli
example n magaliTi,nimuSi gift ~ saCuqrebis gacvla
as ~magaliTisaTvis,rogorc magaliTi ~ unite gacvlis/sacvleli erTeuli
by way of ~ magaliTisTvis... ~ value sacvleli Rirebuleba
cited ~ xsenebuli ~ in ~ for… magier,magivrad,samagierod
familiar ~ nacnobi ~ exchanged adj gadacvlili,gacvlili
for ~ magaliTad… excise v samedicino kveTa
foregoing ~ wina magaliTi excised adj amoRaruli,naWdevi
isolated ~ erTeuli ~ excission n naWdevi
modern ~ Tanamedrove ~ excite v aRelveba,aRZvra
striking ~ naTeli/TvalSisacemi ~ ~ interest of sb interesis aRZvra/gamo-
telling ~ metyveli ~ wveva
valid ~ mkafio/faseuli ~ exclude v gamoricxva
exarch(ate) n egzarqosi,saegzarqoso excluding sb/sth garda vinmesi/ramisa
excavate v (ga)Txra exclusive(ly) adj adv gamomricxavi,gansaku
excavated adj gaTxrili Trebuli; mxolod da mxolod,
in part ~ nawilobriv ~ gansakuTrebiT
…is currently being ~ (Zegli) iTxreba… exclusiveness n gansakuTrebuloba
excavation n qvabuli,(ga)Txra exclusivity n gansakuTrebuloba,gamorCe-
is/was under ~ iTxreba/iTxreboda uloba
post ~ gaTxris Semdgom(i) excommunicate(ion) v n eklesiidan gank-
excavations n pl gaTxrebi veTa
coduct ~ gaTxrebis Catareba excruciating adj samartvilo
~ demonstrate/show ~ gviCvenebs… excuse(d) n v adj gamarTleba,patieba,Se-

93
 სარჩევი
ndoba; napatiebi,Sendobili
excursion n eqskursia
excursus n eqskursi
execute v aRsruleba,Seqmna,dasja,Sesru-
leba,ganpatiJebagakeTeba/Sesru-
leba ramis
~ sth in sb’s name ramis aRsruleba/Ses-
ruleba vinmes saxeliT
execution n aRsruleba,gamosaxva,Sesru-
leba,sasjeli
technique of ~ gamosaxvis/Sesrulebis
teqnika
executioner n sasjeli, jalaTi
executive adj aRmasrulebeli
executor n aRmsrulebeli=Semsrulebe-
li
exedra/exedrae n sing/pl Lat. eqsedra
exeed v mateba
exemplary adj misabaZi,samagaliTo,sail-
ustracio,tipiuri
exemplified adj magaliTiT dadasturebu-
li
exemplify by… ramis dadastureba magali
TiT
exempt v gadasaxadebisgan gaTavisuf-
leba
~ from duties valdebulebebisagan ga-
Tavisufleba
exemption n gaTavisufleba
exercise n v savarjiSo,varjiSi,ganxor-
cieleba,Relva/wuxili,gamoxatva,
ganxorcieleba,upiratesoba,marTva
saqmianoba raime sferoSi
~ the minds of scholars (sakiTxi)aRelvebs
mecnierebs
~ one's rights to sargebloba uflebiT
exert v gaZliereba
~influence over sb/sth gavlenis gaZlie-
reba
~ oneself to the utmost extent Zalian Se-
ecado...…
exhaust(ed)(ive) v adj amowurva/amowuru-
li,moqancva.moqanculi,amomwuravi,
yovlismomcveli,gamofitva,daRla
exhibit(ion) n v sagamofeno eqsponati,
gamofena,cveneba,warmoCena
~ability to do sth keTebis unaris qona
exhort(ation) v n qadageba
exhume(d)(ation) v adj n micvalebulis
amoTxra=eqshumacia, amoTxrili
exigency n saWiroeba
exile(d)(see expel) v adj gandevna=eqsoria,
gandevnili=eqsoriaqmnili
94
in(wandering) ~ adv devnilobaSi
exist(ance)(ing) (see date,dated,dating) v n
adj arseboba,yofna,arsebuli
come into ~ gamoCena/gaCena ramis
mode of ~ arsebobis forma
sth proving the ~ of sb/sth raRac damada-
sturebeli ramis arsebobisa
exist(ed) v arsebobda/iyo
~ beyond the N cent/mill and onwards ar-
sebobda N sauk/aTasw. da Semdgom
ever ~ odesme arsebuli(raime)
~from the N to the M arsebobda N-dan…
M-mde
~ in any part of N cent/mill arsebobda
mTeli N sauk/aTasw. ganmavlo
baSi
~ in the N cent/mill arsebobda N sauk/
Tasw.
~ in the N cent/mill to throughthe M cent/mill
arsebobda N da M sauk/aTasw.
ganmavlobaSi
~ through N cent/mill arsebobda mTeli
N sauk/aTasw.ganmavlobaSi
~ without break until today arsebobs
dRemde mudmivad
existent adj arsebuli
non ~ adj ararsebuli
exit n gasasvleli=kari
Exodus n gamoslvaTa,wigni me-2(bibliis)
exodus n xalxis masiuri wasvla
Exogramm n daviTis varskvlavi
exorcise=exorcize/exorcism v n jadoTi Se
kvra,eSmakis gandevna,avi Tvalis
axsna
expand(ed) sth v adj gaZliereba/gafarTo
eba,gaSla,raime saqmianobis gavr-
coba,ganviTareba,gavrceleba; gav-
rcobili,gafarToebuli,gaSlili,
gazrda/gazrdili,mateba
~ through the region gavrcelda raRac
sivrceze
expanding adj mzardi
expanse(ion) n v sivrce,gavrceleba
wide ~ of sth ramis farTo gavrceleba
expansionist adj eqspansionisturi
expense(s) n sing/pl xarji/xarjebi
at the ~ of… vinmes xarjiT; xarjiT…
at one's own ~ sakuTari xarjiT
expensive adj Zviri
expect(able)(ation) v adj n molodini;sava-
raudo/mosalodneli; molodini
 სარჩევი
expected adj mosalodneli
expedient adj mizanSewonili,gamosadegi,
gadaudebeli,gonivruli,saswrafo,
gonivruli,momgebiani,saWiro,mo-
Txovnilebis Sesabamisi
expedition n eqspedicia; kampania(savele/
saomari)
expel(see exile) v gandevna,gaZeveba,gagde-
ba,garicxva
expend upon v xarjva rameze/ramisTvis
experience v ganicada(mag.Semoteva),gav-
lenis qona,gamocda
field of ~ kvlevis sfero
experience(d) n adj gancda,gamocdileba,
gamocda=sulieri gancda;gamo-
cdili,codna
~sth ganicada cvlileba/rame vinmem
experiential adj empiriuli=gamocdileba-
ze dafuZnebuli
expert adj mcodne,gamocdili,specialis-
ti,eqsperti
~ knowledge specialuri ganaTleba
expertly adv gamocdilad,daxvewilad,saq-
mis codniT
expiate v gawmenda monaniebiT,codvis
gamosyidva
expire(d) v adj gardacvaleba ; gansvene-
buli,gardacvlili
explain v axsna
~ by sth axsna ramiT
explanation n axsna
explanatory adj ganmartebiTi,ganmmartebe-
li
explicable adj is,risi axsnac SeiZleba/mo
eZebneba axsna
explicit adj aSkara,mkafio,Camoyalibebuli
gamokveTili,naTeli,zusti,dawvrile-
biTi,gansazRvruli,araorazrovani
explicitely adv araorazrovnad,zustad,
ueWvelad,mkafiod,naTlad,Riad
~ studied mkafiod Camoyalibebuli
explicity n araorazrovneba
exploit(ation) v gamoyeneba,sabados aTvise-
ba/damuSavebs; madnis mopoveba,
ramis gamoyeneba
exploit(s) n gmiroba(ni)
exploitative adj mCagvreluri,eqsploata-
toruli
exploration n daTvaliereba,dazverva,
kvleva,Seswavla
exploratory adj dazverviTi,sacdeli
explore(d) v adj dazverva,daTvaliereba,
kvleva,mosinjva,SeTvaliereba,Ses-
95
wavla,dazverili,Seswavlili
~ every avenue yvela saSualebis
gamoyeneba
exponent n Semsrulebeli
~ of amxsneli raRacis
export(ation) v n gatana=eqsporti
expose v gamoCena,gaTxra,dris sinaTle-
ze gamotana,warmodgena,warmoCena
~in an open saidumlos gazsna,sinaTle
ze gamotana
~ to v eziaro rames (mag. xelovnebis)
exposition n gamofena=eqspozicia
exposure n dRis sinaTleze gamotana
large ~ didi farTobi gaSiSvlebuli
expound v wminda werilis ganmarteba
express(ed) v adj gamoTqma,gamoxatva
(azris,ideis)
~ by sth gamoxatva ramiT
~ condolence on death mwuxarebis gamo-
Tqma gardacvalebis gamo
expressing adj gamomsaxveli,gamomxatve-
li
expression n gamometyveleba,gamoxatule-
ba,gamosaxuleba,gamoTqma
sth finds ~ in… raRac gamoixateba ra-
RacaSi
expressionless adj umetyvelo(saxe)
expressive adj daxvewili,gamomsaxveli/
amomsaxvelobiTi,mWevrmetyveli
expressless adj eniT (gamo)uTqmeli
exclusion n gagdeba,garicxva
exquisite adj araCveulebrivi,gansakuTre-
buli,daxvewili,srulyofili,zu-
ti,Zlieri gancda,faqizi/wminda
nakeTebi ram
extant adj SemorCenili nivTi/Cveva; Cve-
namde moRweuli,arsebuli
~ in piece of sth ramis SemorCenili na-
wili
extend v (mo)mateba,gavrceleba,gaWimva,ga
Zliereba,gavrcoba,wagrZeleba,da-
grZeleba,gamoCena,gamdidreba,zrda
~ across gavrceleba teritoriaze
~beyond… ~ raRacis miRma
~ from…to.. dawyebuli …...dan…...mde
~ from and onwards dawyebuli …...dan
da Semdgom
~lands miwebis/samflobelos gavrcoba
~rule over territory Zalauflebis gavrco
ba raRac teritoriaze
extended adj gavrcobili,gaSotili
extending adj gavrcelebuli,modebuli,
mzardi
 სარჩევი
~from…modis,vrceldeba saidanRac
extensive adj mzardi,auarebeli,mravali,
gacxovelebuli,didi,Zlieri,
farTe,umetesi,mZlavri
~ area didi farTobi
~ part of the area farTobis didi nawi-
li=didi farTobi
~ plans momavali/didi gegmebi
~ quantity didi raodenoba
extensively adv umeteswilad,warmatebiT,
Zlier,farTod,mZlavrad
~ studied intensiurad Seiswavleba
extensiveness n simravle,sifarTe,masSta-
buroba
extent n v sigrZe,sivrce,gavrcoba,xangr-
Zlivoba
in such an ~ imdenad,rom…
~of destruction ngrevis gavrcelebis are
to a certain ~ raRac doziT/doniT
extention n mateba,gavrceleba,gaWimva,gaZ-
liereba,gavrcoba
exterior n adj gare=eqsterieri
on the ~ gareT,garedan
~space gare sivrce
~ surface gare(Ta) zedapiri
external adj gare(Ta)(Se), damatebiTi
~ attributes garegnuli niSnebi
extinct(ed)(ion) v adj n gadaSeneba/gadaSe-
nebuli,gaqroba/gamqrali,Camkvdari
become ~ gaqroba
on the way to ~ gaqrobis piradpiras
save sb/sth from ~ vinmes/ramis gadarCe-
na gadaSenebisagan
extinction n zedsadgami,ganStoebs
extentusting circumstances Semarbilebeli
garemoebani
extentuation n bodiSi,nawilobiv gamarT-
leba
extermine(ation) v n ganadgureba,daxocva
extinguish v cecxlis Caqroba/minavleba,
ganadgureba,gaqroba,mospoba
~ the rule xelisuflebis gadavardna/
dasruleba
extole v gandideba
extra adj damatebiTi,(zed)meti,kidev meti
extract(ion) v n gamodnoba,gamowurva,mopo
veba,WurWlidan amoReba,miRe-
ba,miReba,gamonawuri=eqstraqti
~ level madnis gamosavlianobis done
extrados n TaRis zeda zedapiri/gare
mxare
extraordinarily adv saocrad,uCveulod
96
extraordinary adj araCveulebrivi,gansakuT
rebuli,saocari,uCveulo
extreme adj adv ganapira nawili,ukidure
si; metismeti,Zalze
in the ~ uaRresad
~ point of view eqstremaluri Tvalsazri
extremely adv ukiduresad, Zalze,metisme
tad
extremes adj rTuli,ukiduresi,Zalze...
extremity n ukiduresoba, kiduri
extrinsic(ally) adj adv garegani,garegnu-
lad
exuberance n siWarbe,SeuzRudaoba
exuberant adj gadaWarbebuli,mdidruli
eye n Tvali(organo); nemsis yunwi;saxe-
luris/taris naxvreti/xvreli
~catching adj Tvalwarmtaci,mimzidveli
eyeless adj uTvalo
eye-sight n TvalisCini=mxedveloba
~ socket n Tvalbude (ara beWdis)
~ tooth n eSvi=adamianis kbili
~ witness n TviTmxilveli
eyes n pl dedali dugma,Tvalebi
travel ~ over v Tvalis movleba
F
fable n ambavi,gadmocema,zRapari,Tqmule-
ba,igavi
fabric n agebuleba,masala,WurWlis keci,
Senobis struqtura,masalis aRnagoba
coarse ~ uxeSi keci
crisp ~ fSvnadi ~
respective ~ masalis saTanado/Sesaba-
misi Semadgenloba
~ with dashes(inclusions,insertions) minare
vebiani keci
~ ~ quartz inclusions kvarcis minareve-
biani keci
fabricate v damzadeba,gayalbeba
fabrics n pl nawarmi
sth made in all ~ raime damzadebuli yve
lanairi masalisagan
fabulous adj zRapruli,gamogonili,SeTx-
zuli,miTiuri,mogonili,warmo-
udgeneli,ararsebuli
facade n fasadi
face n adj saxe/saxis,ieri,Sesaxedaoba,sa
gnis romelime mxare;(a)mogeba/amoSe-
neba,dageba,mofena,mopirkeTeba,gare
mosapirkeTebelikedeli,nagebobis
farTe gverdi/mxare, ramis zedapiri
v ramis pirispir, gadis/gadahyurebs
~ board n daraba
 სარჩევი
~ danger saSiSroebis winaSe
~each other erTmane/tis pirispir
=facade fasadi
inner ~ Sida piri/sivrce
~inward iyureba Signi
~outward ~ gareT 
~ surface gare(Ta) zedapiri
~ to ~ pirispir
in ~ of sb/sth vinmes/ramis winaSe
from outside ~ winidan
full ~ winxedi
~ sth raRac(mag.saxli)gadahyurebs
(mag.vels)
faced adj amoSenebuli/amogebuli,mogebu-
li,mofenili,mopirkeTebuli
facet n v waxnagi=faceti; dawaxnageba
faceted adj dakuTxuli,dawaxnagebuli,
nakveTi
facial adj saxis(a)
~ expression saxis gmosaxuleba
facilitate v gaadvileba,gamartiveba,miniS-
neba,xelSewyoba,gaadvileba
facilitator n damxmare,xelSemwyobi
facility n damxmare saxelmZRvanelo/xel-
sawyo,mowyobiloba,SesaZlebloba,
xelSemwyobi piroba,simartive,sim-
subuqe,sinarnare,xelovaneba
~ of xelovaneba qmnisa,manera
~ for sth midrekileba ramisadmi
~storage maragis Sesanaxi saTavso
facing n adj mopirkeTeba,Selesiloba;
saperange=mosapirkeTebeli raime
masala,kedlis pirimxaris wyoba
gadis,gadahyurebs,gamavali
~ each other pirispir
fact n namdvili ambavi,monacemi,faqti
as a matter of ~ faqtiurad,rogorc
faqti
by the ~ that… im faqtiT, rom...…
in ~ faqtiurad
in spite of the ~ that… miuxedavad imisa,
rom…
factory n qarxana,fabrika,warmoeba
~ site warmoebis dagili/centri
factual adj aRiarebuli,realuri
faculty n unari/Zala ramis keTeba,fakul-
teti
~ for niWi
facy adj gabeduli,Tavxedi
fade v adj gafermkrTaleba,gaxuneba;fer-
mkrTali,kleba
~ out v amowurva,gaqroba
97
faded adj gafermkrTalebuli,gaxunebu-
li
faggot n v fiCxis konebad Sekvra,adgi-
lis SeRobva,fiCxkonebiT;ere-
tikosis dawva koconze
~ wood fiCxis kona
faience n adj faiansi(s)
fail v sakiTxis Cavardna,gamocdaze CaW-
ra,saqmis CaSla,xelis mocarva,
damarcxeba,wageba
sth ~ to follow raRac ar emTxveva…
failure adj warumatebeli,xelmocaruli,
wyalwaRebuli,uvargisi,umaqnisi,Ca-
Cavardnili sakiTxi,gamocdaze CaW
rili,uiRblo
faint adj bundovani,uRimRamo,usaxuri,um-
niSvnelo
fair n adj bazroba; samarTliani,saTana-
nado,miukerZoebeli
~ copy gadaTeTrebuli xelnaweri
fairful adj SiSismomgvreli
fairly adv gvarianad, sakmao(d),saocrad
~ certain savsebiT sando/swori
~ clear ~ naTeli
~ possible ~ SesaZlebeli
fairness n gulaxdiloba,patiosneba,simar
Tle,siswore,siwrfele
fairy n feria
faith n ndoba,rwmena,rjuli=sjuli,sarw-
munoeba
adhere of any ~ mimxroba romelime sar-
munoebaze
different ~ ucxo sarwmunoeba
embrace the ~ sarwmunoebis miReba
unwavering in one's ~ rwmenaSi udreki/
uryevi
faithful adj erTguli,qveSevrdomuli
fakir n fakiri
falcon n Sevardeni
falconry n SevardniT nadiroba
fall n v dasasruli,daisi,dacema,vardna,
sikvdili,tyis Wra,dacema=damarcxeba
~away/down v dacema,kleba
~ behind v CamorCena
~ down v dacema,kleba,Zirs Cavardna,
waqceva
~ in ruin v dangreva
~ into v Cavardna rameSi
~ into hands v xelSi Cavardna
~ into pieces v nawilebad daSla
~to sb damorCileba vinmeze
~ under domination vinmes batonobisqveS
 სარჩევი
~ ~ power/rule ~ mmarTvelobis
qveS
~victim Seewira, emsxverpla
fallacious(ly)(ness) adj adv n mcdari,Sec-
domiT,sicrue,tyuili
fallacy n tyuili,mcdaroba
fallen adj davardnili,damarcxebuli,da-
cemuli,waqceuli
falling adj ger vardnili,vardna
fallow n aneuli
~ land yamiri miwa
falls n pl CanCqeri,wyalvardnili
false adj cru,yalbi
falter v gaubedavi moqmedeba,yoymani,Sesu
steba,waforxileba
fame n (kargi/saxelovani)saxeli,dideba,
didebuleba
achieve/gain ~ saxelis moxveWa
good ~ kargi saxeli
ill ~ cudi ~ far-flung adj Soreuli,moSorebuli,Rrmad
~ imperishable ukvdavi ~
be at the height of one’s ~ warmatebis
mwvervalze yofna
famed adj saxelovani
familiar adj nacnobi,Cveuli,Cveulebrivi,
cnobili,xSiri,ojaxis suli/wevri
be ~ SeCveuli
~ to nacnobi,Cveuli
~ sample nacnobi magaliTi
~ with sth raRac icnoba raRaciT,vinme/
/rame cnobili ramiT
familiarity n axlo nacnoboba,siaxlove,
ramis Zalian kargad codna
family n adj ojaxi,saxloba,saxli=fuZe
saxleuli,ojaxoba,saojaxo,sagva-
reulo
~ circle ojaxuri wre/garemo
head of the ~ ojaxis ufrosi
~ name gvari(ojaxis gvari)
~ tree genealogiuri xe
famine n SimSiloba
famous adj saxelovani,cnobili
fan n marao
fan-light(see window) n maraosebri sarkme-
li
fan-like adj maraosebri
fanciful adj ucnauri,RvlarWnili
fancy n adj fantazia,warmosaxva;uCveulo,
ucnauri,warmodgena,warmoudgeneli
morTuli,Semkuli,daxvewili,Wreli
someone of great ~ vinme didi fantazi
is mqone
98
fang n eSvi(gvelis,mglis,ZaRlis)
fantasy n fantazia
far adj adv Soreuli,Sori,gacilebiT…
as~ as imdenad,ramdenadac…
~ away adv Sors
by ~ =far adv gacilebiT
~ exceeds didad aWarbebs
~flung connections Sori kavSirebi
~ ~ distribution farTo gavrceleba
~ ~ network farTo qseli
from ~ away Soridan
~ from… Sors raime adgilidan
~ ~ the truth simarTlisagan/sinamdvi-
lisgan Sors
~less gacilebiT naklebi(mwiri/cota)
so ~ mTlianobaSi,odesme,ramdenadme
faraway adv Sors,Soreuli
farewell n damSvidobeba
far-fetched adj yuriT moTreuli
Sesuli
~distribution farTod gavrceleba
farm n v meurneoba=mesaqonleoba+miwaT-
moqmedeba(baR-venaxi+bostani+ya
na+saqoneli); misdio romelime
am saqmianobas
farmer n meurne,miwaTmoqmedi,glexi,sof-
lis muSaki=fermeri
farmhand n miwis muSa
farming n adj miwaTmoqmedeba/samiwaTmoq-
medo+mesaqonleoba
early ~ economy adresamiwaTmoqmedo
saqmianoba
irrigated ~ sarwyavi miwaTmoqmedeba
~ people miwaTmoqmedi xalxi
primitive ~ primitiuli miwaTmoqmedeba
rain-fed ~ wvimis imedaT myofi meurne...
tillage ~ guTnuri meurneoba
farmland n miwa
farmstead n saxli ezoTi/nakveTiT,ad-
gil-mamuli
farret n qrcvini,Mustela furo Lat.
farrow n xnuli
fascia/fasciae n sing/pl Lat. lilvaki/lil-
vi=sartyeli
fascinate v moxibvla,aRtacebaSi moyvana,
mojadoeba
fascinating(ly) adj adv gamaognebeli/gama-
ogneblad;momxiblavi/momxiblavad
fashion n v moda,forma,formis micema
~ from sth Seqmna ramisgan ramisa
go out of ~ modidan gasvla
 სარჩევი
in ~ am/im maneriT,modaSi(a)
~ in many varieties mravalnairi
formis
in the latest ~ ukanasknel modaze
latest ~ ukanaskneli moda
fashionable adj moduri,mdidruli
fashioned adj gamoyvanili,gamoZerwili
~ from sth gakeTebuli/Seqmnili ramis-
gan
~ into shape of sth gamoZerwili raRac
formiT
fast n adj v adv marxva/marxuloba,swra-
fi/swrafad,laRi/laRad
break a ~ =breakfast marxvis gatexva=
sauzme
last day before ~ marxvis wina dRe
fasten v Sekvra,mimagreba,rameze ramis
Sebma,karis Caketva
~together v erTad Sekvra
fastened adj mimagrebuli,SeerTebuli
fastener n samagri,Sesakravi
fastening n sakinZi,Sesakravi
belt ~ sartylis balTa
fasting ger marxuloba
fat n adj cximi(s),msuqani
fatal adj damRupveli,sabediswero,fata-
luri
fate n bedi(swera),gangeba,xvedri,bedi
father n v mama, mamao!(mimarTva); mamoba,
mamobis gaweva,mamobrivi zrunva
first ~ saerTo winapari=pirveli mama
foster ~ mamamZuZe
great grandfather pepera=didi babua
venerable ~ Rirsi mama (mRvdeli)
Father procurator ezoÁs moZRvari
Father(see Mother) Superior eklesiis winam
ZRvari kaci=iRumeni
Fathers of the church eklesiis mamebi
fault n v brali,danaSauli,nakli,Secdo-
ma; miwis/fenis Cawola
~ finder n kritikani
fault(ing) n naprali teqtonikur filebs
Soris
fauna(l) n adj fauna,faunis/funuri=cxo-
veluri
~remains cxoveluri naSTebi
faunus/fauni n sing/pl Lat. favni
favor=favour v amjobino,upiratesoba mia-
niWo,keTilganewyo/ganwyoba
favour n v keTilganwyoba,mowoneba,pati-
vi(scema)
~ sb/sth upiratesobis miniWeba
99
in ~ of sth upiratesad,sasargeblod,
dasacavad
lose ~ aRar mowondaT raRac
favourable adj sasurveli,sayvareli,nayo-
fieri,xelSemwyobi,saTanado,Cveuli
gavrcelebuli,xelsayreli,Sesafe-
risi,saTanado,dadebiTi,sasurveli
~ circumstances for sth xelSemwyobi pi-
robebi ramisTvis
favored adj upiratesobis mqone
favourite n adj favoriti,sayvareli
sth is ~ mowonebiT sargeblobs
favouritism n naTlimamoba
fawn n nukri
feacibility n vargisianoba
feacible adj savaraudo,SesaZlebeli; is,
risi gakeTebac SesaZlebelia
fecundity n miwis nayofiereba
fear n v SiSi,SeSineba
fearless(ly) adj adv uSiSari,uSiSrad
fearsome adj mrisxane,saSiSi,SiSismomgv-
reli,saSineli
feasible adj SesaZlebeli(is, risi Sesru-
lebac SeiZleba),vargisi,Sesabamisi
Feast=church feast n puroba=trapeze ek-
lesiaSi
feast v n azriT/saubriT tkboba,lxini,
molxena,nadimi/nadimoba
throw ~ v wveulebis gamarTva
feaster n lxinis/purobis monawile
feast(ing) v ger puroba,wveuleba
feat n adj sabrZolo gmiroba/Tavdadeba;
daxelovnebuli
feather n adj bumbuli(s)
feature(d) n v adj Tavisebureba,Tviseba,
(da)maxasiaTebeli niSani,saxis nak-
vTi/Strxi; gamosaxva/gamosaxuli
featureless adj usaxuri
featuring adj gamomsaxveli
February n Tebervali=mihrakani=surwy-
unisi
fecundity n nayofiereba
fee n gasamrjelo,xelfasi,Rirebuleba,
honorari
feed v kveba,Wmeva
~ by sth momarageba ramiT
feedback n ukukavSiri,rCeva
feel v grZnoba,SegrZneba,SegrZnoba
~ a way gzis garkveva
~ uncertain orWofoba
feeling n grZnoba
fell v n tyis Cexva,cxovelis gatyaveba;
 სარჩევი

mori feudal n adj feodali,feodaluri

felid/feline adj katisebrni feverfew n adj qrizanTema, Chrisanthemum
fellow n axalgazrda kaci,vaJkaci,ymawvi- parthenium Lat.
li biWi few/a few adj cota (Tvladi)
~ children/pupils Tanatolebi fewer adj ufro naklebi
~ country man/woman Tanamemamule ~in number naklebi raodenobis
~ of (a certain group/society) romelime no ~ aranakleb(i)
sazogadoebis wevri fibrous adj boWkovani
~ tribesman/woman Tanatomeli,Tvisto fibula/fibulae n sing/pl Lat. mSvildsakin-
mi Zi
felsites=felstone n adj vulkanuri qva fel arc bow ~ morkaluri/rkalisebri ~
siTi qvis xelsawyoebisTvis beamed ~ sxivana ~
felt n adj v qeCa/qeCis,cxovelis tyavi bew boat-like ~ navisebri ~
viT; matylis moTelva; nabadi/nabdis crossbow ~ arbaleturi/gadajvare-
~ cloack n nabadi (samosi) dinebulrkaliani ~
female n adj dedakaci=qali,mdedri,Zu, cross-like ~ jvrisebri ~
furi disc/disk ~ diskosebri ~
~ line mdedris xazi dragon ~ urCxulisebri ~
~ origin mdedruli sawyisi elbowed ~ zurgamokcili ~
femaleness n qaloba,qaluroba finger-like ~ TiTa ~
femine adj qaluri harp-shaped ~ qnarisebri ~
feminine adj mdedrobiTi/mdedruli,qal- leech ~ wurblisebri ~
lis/qaluri one-piece hammered ~ mTlianadnaWedi
feminity n qaluroba serpentine ~ gvela ~
femoral adj barZayisa spiral ~ spiralisebri ~
femour n menji two-piece ~ ornawiliani ~
fence(d) n v adj meseri,Robe;Se(mo)Robva/ violine ~ Cveulebrivi ~
(Se)moRobili ~ with a fastened catch-plate budeabmuli
fencing n farikaoba ~ ~ ~ ~ pin nemsabmuli ~
fend off v Setevis mogerieba ~ ~ ~ spring muxlzambariani ~
fennel= Foeniculum vulgare n adj kama (sak- ~ ~ ~ turned up catch-plate budeakeci-
mazi)
li ~
ferriferous adj rkinanarevi
~ ~ ~ twisted end bologadagrexili/
ferrule n rkali
gadawnuli ~
ferry(boat) n borani
~ ~ two springs orzambariani ~
fertile adj nayofieri,noyieri,mdidari,uxvi
fibula/fibulae adj mSvildsakinZis(a)
~ soil ~ miwa
catch-plate ~ bude
Fertile Crescent teritoria,romelic moi-
disc=disk ~ ~ diskosebri ~
cavs das.azias,nilosis vels da
elongated ~ ~ grZeli ~
deltas,Crd-aRm.afrikas
knobbed ~ ~ Sverilebiani ~
fertility n nayofiereba
stilt ~ ~ ~ oCofexa Se-
~ rite nayofierebisadmi miZRvnili ri-
sakraviT
tuali/wes-Cveuleba
peg/pin ~ ena/nemsi
fertilize v niadagis ganoyiereba
spring ~ zambara
festival n dResaswauli
fiction n raime gamogonili(tyuili/yalbi
festive adj sadResaswaulo
ambavi,fiqcia
festoon n Fr. yvavilwnuli=festoni
fidelity n erTguleba,sizuste
fetch v motana
field n adj(see shield) are(ali),asparezi,
fetter n borkili
arqeologiuri veli,mindori,sivrce;
fettling n Senobis Sida Selesiloba kvlevis sfero,samuSao Tema;savele/
fetus=foetus n Canasaxi velisa,dargi
feud n memkvidreobiTi mtroba ~ diary/notes savele dRiuri

100
 სარჩევი
in the ~ velze
in the ~ of science samecniero asparez-
ze
~ marshal n amirbari/amispasalari
~od experience kvlevis sfero
~ of a shield (gerbis/sabrZolo)faris
mindori
~ researches savele kvleva-Zieba
~ season ~ sezoni
stubble ~ nawverali
~ work ~ samuSao
fierce adj avi,gaavebuli,mkacri
fife=pipe n stviri,salamuri
fight n v adj brZola; mebrZoli,moCxuba-
ri,sabrZolo,omi
fighter n meomari,mebrZoli
fighting adj mebrZoli,moCxubari
~ weight sabrZolo birTvi
figurative adj figuruli,figurraluri,
pirdapiri,gamomsaxveli
~art ferwera
~moulding plastikis nimuSi
~represantation figura,plastikuri ga-
mosaxuleba
~style saxovani/metaforuli stili
figure n grafikuli gamosaxuleba,ricx-
vi/cifri,figura,forma
obese ~ xorcsavse qandakeba
outer ~ gare(Ta) gamosaxuleba/figu-
ra
plaster-cast ~ TabaSiris/pastis ~
v Semkoba,angariSi,moxsen(i)eba,yo-
fna,grafikuli gamosaxva,ramis
warmodgena,rolis TamaSi,moqme-
deba,figurebiT Semkoba,figures
damzadeba,moqmedeba
~ in v monawileobis miReba rameSi
figure-eight adj rvianis formis
figured adj figurebiani
~ panel saxiani/figurebiani paneli
figurine n mcire qandakeba,figura
filament n Zafi,boWko
file n v mwkrivi; qlibi; damwkriveba,mwk-
rivSi dawyoba,Camwkriveba
filigree n adj CuqurTma; Wviruli=filig-
rani
~ technique Wvirulis keTebis teqnika
fill v avseba,datenva,sarTvis CarTva,srul
yofa,Sevseba
~ in v amovseba
~ up v Cayra
fillet n rkali,nawiburi,wibo,salte,foso,
101
saxvevi=Tasma
filling n SigTavsi,sarTvi
fillister n narimandi
fill(s) n Semavsebeli masala
film(see photo) n foto/kinofiri,afski,
filmi
~ develop a ~ firis gamJRavneba
filter into v Semosvla mag. samecniero li-
teraturaSi,SeRweva sadme/rameSi
~ through v gaJonva
filth n WuWyi
fimbria/fimbriae n sing/pl Lat. foCi/foCebi
fin n Tevzis farfli
final adj bolo,daskvniTi,damaboloebeli
saboloo
~ examination saxelmwifo gamocda
~ phase bolo/daskvniTi faza
~ say gadamwyveti sityva
finale n dasaruli,finali
finally adv bolos,sabolood, da bolos..
~ crafted product mza nawarmi
finance(s) v n dafinanseba,finansebi
minister of ~ meWurWleTuxucesi=finan-
sTa ministri
find v n povna; napovni nivTi,monapovari
masala
~ out n gageba(ambis),gamorkveva,dadge-
na
single ~ erTeuli monapovari
~ a solution gamosavlis/gzis povna;gada
wyvetilebis miReba
~ spot aRmoCenis/povnis adgili
finds n pl samarxeuli masala/nivTebi
body of some ~ napovni nivTebis jgu-
fi
surface/top ~ anakefi/zedapiruli masa-
la
fine adj kargi,mSvenieri,natifi,sifrifana
wminda,wvrili,daxvewili,naTeli
~ crushed/poundered wmindad dafxvnili/
danayili
~ crystalline wvrilmarcvlovani/krista-
luri
~ demonstration of sth mSvenieri dasturi
ramisa
~ grained wvrilmarcvlovani
~ haired nazmatyliani
finely adv mSvenivrad,SesaniSnavad,sabo-
lood
~crafted mSvenivrad damzadebuli
finery n mdidruli samosi
finger n v TiTi,TiTiT Cveneba/miTiTeba
 სარჩევი

fore/index ~ saCvenebeli ~ cemloba=mazdeanoba

little ~ neka/neki ~ fired adj gamomwvari
middle ~ Sua ~ firelock n kaJiani Tofi
~ nail frCxili firing ger gamowva
~ nail-shaped frCxilisebri controlled ~ gakontrolebuli ~
ring ~ araTiTi/usaxelo ~ open ~ Ria wesiT gamowva
~print TiTis anabeWdi siderite ~ sideratis(Spatis minerali)
~ ring n beWedi Semcvelis gamowva
hanging up ~ ~ Sekiduli ~ ~technique gamowvis teqnika
~ ~ set with an inset Tvliani ~ ~temperature ~ temperatura
thumb bera/cera ~ firm afj gadamwyveti,gadamWreli,mtkice,
finish n v bolo,dasaruli; gaTaveba,das- myari,magari,medegi,Seuryeveli,udre-
ruleba,moTaveba,srulqmna,srulyo- ki(adamiani),mkvidri,mkveTri,uryevi,
fa,miwis damuSaveba,mopirkeTeba uZravi,gamZle,mdgradi,sando
finished adj dasrulebuli,mza ~ground mtkice safuZveli
~articles mza nawarmi ~ pronouncement(s) on… mkveTri azri/
~object dasrulebuli/mza nivTi azrebi raime sakiTxze
~well kargad gakeTebuli/damuSavebul firmament n cis kamara
finishing adj ger damaboloebeli,mopirke- firmly adv mtkiced,mkveTrad,myarad,udre-
Teba kad,uryevad,Seuryevlad,dabejiTebiT
~ touch bolo xelis Sevleba,sabo- ~ established myarad damkvidrebuli
loo saxis micema firmness n amtanoba,simtkice,utexoba,
fir-cone n adj naZvis girCa/girCis cxovelmyofeloba
fir-tree n adj naZvi(s) first num adj pirveli;pirvandeli,sawyisi,
fir-wood n naZvnari upirvelesi
fire n v koconi,cecxli,xanZari;gamowva, at ~ pirvelad,dasawyisSi
TofiT srola ~ born siyrmis Svili
~ altar sagzebeli=cecxlis taZari ~ capital pirvelsataxto=dedaqalaqi
beacon ~ sasignalo koconi ~ class/rite pirvelxarisxovani
~ bird (the) n faskunji ~ comer pirvelmosuli
ceremonial(ritual/sacral) ~ saweso ~ ~ crown=ima folia (Lat) pirveli gvirgvi-
~cracked cecxlisgan damskdari svetze
cremation ~ sakremacio ~ ~ discoverer pirvelaRmomCeni
ended in ~ raRac cecxlma gaanadgura for the~time pirvelad
~ irons n pl usu. buxris nivTebi from the ~ gaCenisTanave
~ place n buxari from the ~ principle sawyisidan
~ proof adj cecxlgamZle ~ hand information utyuari cnoba
pure(puring/purifying) ~ cecxli gansa- ~ mother(see father) saerTo winapari
wmendeli qali
roaring ~ Zlieri cecxli ~ name adamianis saxeli
sacrifial ~ samsxverplo ~ ~ principle pirveli=sawyisi=fuZemdebe-
~ stone n adj kaJi(s) li
~swept through cecxlma gadawva firstly adv pirvelad,pirveli...
~to distinct shades sxvadasxva ferad ga- fisc=fiscus/fisci n sing/pl Lat. xazina
mowva fish n v Tevzi,Tevzaoba
~ traces cecxlis kvali ~ spear n barji
with ~ and sword cecxliTa da maxvi- fishery n TevzWera
liT strand ~ sanapiro TevzWera
~ wood n SeSa fishing adj ger saTevzao,Tevzaoba
~ worship(er)(ing) v n ger cecxlis Tay- fissure(d) n adj bzari,naprali/napralebi-
vaniscema,cecxlTayvanismceme- ani
li=mazdeani,cecxlTayvanism- fit(ed) v adj morgeba/morgebuli,miyeneba,

102
 სარჩევი

mimagreba/mimagrebuli,Sevseba coarse ~ msxvili ~

~ into v adj Cadgma/Cadgmuli counter-blowing ~ uku/kontrdarty-
~ tightly mWidrod Semotmasnili miTi ~
fitment(s) n saWiro nivTebi,mowyobiloba creeping ~ mcocavi ~
fitting n adj samagri=damWeri,saTadarigo current ~ Wavliseburi ~
nawili/detali,umjobrsi,morgeba/ deep ~ Rrma ~
morgebuli,Sesaferisi,vargisi,saTa- distaged/double stage ~ oriarusiani ~
nado,awyoba edge ~ kidis ~
~ method of… mimagrebis xerxi fine ~ wvrili/wminda ~
fittingly adv morgebulad,Serwymulad,je- front/right side ~ pirimxris ~
rovnad half-abrupt ~ cicabo ~
~ matched Sezrdili half-deep ~ naxevrad Rrma ~
fitment(s) n pl saTadarigo nawil(eb)i half-steep ~ naxevrad cicabo ~
fix v gansazRvra,dadgena,damagreba,Camag- irregular ~ uwesrigo ~
reba,mogvareba,taris dageba,SekeTeba large-scale ~ msxvili ~
~against sth raRac midgmuli raRacaze levelling ~ gamTanabrebeli ~
~ at mimagreba notching ~ dakbiluli ~
fixed adj gansazRvruli,gamagrebuli,ga- partial ~ nawilobrivi ~
samagrebeli,normirebuli,SekeTebu- plain ~ brtyeli ~
li,dadgenili planning ~ gamrandavi ~
~date dadgenili/zusti TariRi pressure ~ awneviTi ~
not ~ daumagrebeli mag.saxeluri pronging ~ dakbiluli ~
~point myari/uZravi sayrdeni/wertili regular ~ regularuli ~
fixture n saxlis aveji rib ~ kidis ~
fizzle out v CanasaxSive gaqroba,Caqroba, secondary ~ meoradi ~
damarcxeba/marcxi,fiasko sharp ~ mkafio/mkveTri ~
flag n droSa
sharpening ~ gamafxianebeli ~
under the same ~ erTi droSis qveS
sloping ~ damreci ~
flagging n qvafenili
Solutrean ~ solutreuli ~
flagon n brtyeli boTli
steep ~ cicabo ~
flagstone n adj qvis lorfini/fila ~ with breakings Canatexebiani ~
~ pavement lorfinis qvafenili flag n v droSa,miniSneba=niSnis micema
flaile alive v cocxlad Caqolva flame(s) n ali,cecxlis ena
flair n midrekileba (mag. enebisadmi) ~ like adh alisebri
flake n v anatkeci,retuSis keTeba/atkec- go up in ~ xanZarSi dawva
va,amtvreva
flamin n RvTaebis qurumi
detach/remove lithic ~ anatkecis Camomt-
flaming adj aalebuli
vreva
~ urn mudmivi cecxlis WurWeli
~ knife n saxvreti=dana
flamy-like adj alisebri
secondary ~ meored atkecili anat-
flange(d) n adj Sverili(ani)
keci
flank n gverdi,flangi,flanki
flaked adj anatkeci,atkecili
flanked n adj flankirebuli
flaker n retuSis mkeTebeli/sakeTebeli
iaraRi sth ~ by sth raRac gverdebze raRaciT
chisel-like ~ piriani retuSori flanking adj gverdiTi,gverdebze ramiT=
flankirebuli
flaking n ger retuSi,retuSis keTeba/at-
kecva flap n v kabis kalTa,frTebis qneva
abrupt ~ mkafio/mkveTri retuSi flash n sinaTle,xorci(adamianis/cxove-
bifacet(ed) ~ ormxrivi ~ lis)
blowing ~ dartymiTi ~ flask n maTara
blunting ~ damablagvebeli ~ flask-castor n daCvretilsaxuraviani saze
circular ~ irgvlivi ~ Te

103
 სარჩევი
flat n adj adv bina; brtyeli=swori; sibr
tyiT
~ cake n kveri
~ chested adj brtyelmkerdiani
~ dish n TefSi
~ headed/topped adj brtyelTava
~ roofed adj erdoiani,baniani,brtyelsa-
saxuraviani
flatness n sibrtye
flatten(ed) v gabrtyeleba/gabrtyelebu-
li;dabrtyeleba/dabrtyelebuli
flatwise adv brtylad,sibrtyiT
flaunt adj aSkara,gamokveTili
flaw(y) n adj bzari/gabzaruli(Tixa,li-
Toni,qva),gabzaruli
flax n adj seli(s), Linum usitatissimum Lat.
flaxen adj selis(a)
flear(ed) out v adj gafarToeba/gafarTo-
ebulo
~ at the end ~ ~ boloSi
~ at the top ~ ~ TavSi
fledge=fledgle v dafrTianeba,mcdeloba
a full~ city srulyofili/Camoyalibeb-
uli qalaqi
~attempts to do sth ecado(gaakeTo rame)
fledged adj Camoyalibebuli
fledging=fledgling adj Canasaxovani
flee n v garideba,saSiSroebisgan gaqce-
va,gaparva daqorwinebis mizniT
~ from temptation gaeqce cdunebas
fleece(see golden) n adj matyli(s)
fleet n floti
~ on foot fexmardi
fleeting adj moulodneli,wamieri,warmava-
li
fleuron n yvavilisebri=yvavilis formis
ornamenti,yvavili
flewer n surneli
flexed adj moxrili
flexibility n drekadoba,moqniloba
flexible adj drekadi,moqnili
flight n manZili(raime),(ga)frena,gaqceva,
Tavis Svela
~ of steps n kibe,kibis erTi monakveTi
flimsy adj nazi,msubuqi,sifrifana,haerova
ni,(ara)mdgradi/damajerebeli,dau-
sabuTebeli,meryevi
flint n adj v kaJi(s), kaJiT momarageba
~ and steel tal-kvesi
~ edge raime iaraRis kaJis piri
~ knife kaJis dana
tubular ~ furclovani kaJi(s)
104
~ work ~ damuSaveba
flinty adj kaJiani
flipper paw farfliani TaTi
float n v tivtiva;tivtivi,nivnivi,friali,
mogluveba zedapiris
floating adj mosriale,mofriale,motivti-
ve,cvalebadi,gaurkveveli feri
flock n fara(cxvris), xalxis brbo
the ~ n samwyso
flood(ed) n v adj wyaldidoba; datborva/
datborili,walekva,raime Zalian
bevri=zRva raodenobiT,warRvna
~plain datborili dablobi/vake
floodgate n rabi,Sluzi
flooding ger datborva
floodplain n dablobi mdinariT
floor n v iataki,kedlis/Wrilis Ziri,sar-
Tuli,WurWlis fskeri/Ziri;dageba,
mogeba=mofena; Senobis sarTuli
~ boards ficris iataki
~ joist(see joist) dire, koWi
sunken ~ daweuli iataki
wooden ~= parquet parketis iataki
flooring n ger iataki; dageba,mogeba=mofe-
na
~ wooden ~ ficris iataki
floppy adj farTxuna
floral adj mcenareuli,foTlovani
florid adj metismetad morTuli,feradi,
Wreli
flourish v n ayvaveba=yvaviloba; ayvavebis/
zeobis xana,ganviTarebis zeniti,di-
di,adamianis yvelaze nayofieri mo-
moRvaweobis periodi
flourishing adj gazafxulze ayvavebuli
mcenare;ayvavebuli,ganviTarebu-
li,warmatebuli
flow n dineba,zRvis moqceva,wylis naka-
di(dineba,debiti),ramis siuxve
~away from gadineba,kleba,wasvla sad-
medan
~into v erTvis/Caedineba mdinare mdi-
nares/zRvas
~ of sth in and out mimoqeva
~ together wyalSesayari/xerTvisi sa-
idanac ori mdinare ukve erTad
miedineba(mag.mcxeTaSi aragvi da
mtkvari)
~ of words sityvebis niaRvari
flower(ing) n v ger adj yvavili(s); yvavi-
loba; ayvavebuli
fluctuate(ing) v adj yoymani; aramdgradi,
 სარჩევი

meryevi,ryeva,cvalebadoba ~ movement xalxTa gadasaxleba

flue n alibWe,sasule,sakvamuri follow v gayola,miyola,midevneba,sxvisi
fluent(ly) adj adv mdovre(d),narnari/narna- moqmedebis/mamoqmedaris gameoreba;
rad;gamarTuli saubari/gamarTulad azris/Sexedulebis gaziareba/mxar-
mosaubre daWera
flush adj pirdapiri,gadamwyveti ~ a model modelis mixedviT
~ with Sveulad ~ sb's steps gayve vinmes kvals(mamis,
flute(d) n v adj kaneluri,Rari,SaSari;da- maswavleblis)
Rarva; kanelurebiani,Rariani follower n Tanamoazre,mimdevari
fluting adj n danakecebuli,kaneluri following adj momdevno,Semdegi,Semdgomi
flux n dineba,zRvis moqceva,liTonis wi- folsification n nayalbevi
dad qceva folsified adj gayalbebuli,nayalbevi
fly(ing) n v adj buzi,mweri; (ga)frena; folsify n gayalbeba
mfrinavi,frTagaSlili font n embazi,litonis sadnobi WurWeli
foal n kvici,CoCori ~ name naTlobis saxeli
focal adj mTavari,mniSvnelovani,ZiriTadi food n adj sakvebi(s),saWmeli(s)
~ point n centri,fokusi,ZiriTadi saki- ~gatherer/gathering n Semgrovebeli,Sem
Txi grovebloba
focipe n fokusi ~preparation/processing sakvebis momza-
ficus adj guli,mTavari,centri,ZiriTadi deba
~of investigation kvlevis sagani/mizani ~production sakvebis momzadeba/warmoeba
focus(ed) v adj Tavmoyra/Tavmoyrili,mog- ~staffs sakvebi
roveba,damizneba-fotoobieqtivis ~surpluses sakvebis siWarbe
mimarTva,yuradRebis gamaxvileba, foolhardy adj Tavganwiruli
~ on mimarTuli/SeCerebuli raRaca- foot n terfi,WurWlis fexi,safuZveli,
ze,yuradRebis gamaxvileba/miqce- borcvis/mTis Ziri
va rameze/vinmeze ~ binding tolaRi
sharpen ~ miznis gamokveTa,yuradRebis ~ and cup section WurWlis fexisa da
gamaxvileba nis nawili
focused adj mizanmimarTuli,SeCerebuli ~gear/wear(see shoe) n fexsacmeli
raRac sakiTxze ~ hill(s) n mTis Ziri,mTiswina,mTisZira
focusing adj centriT…. ~ ~ plain area of a river basin mTiswina
foe n mteri zoli mdinaris auzSi
foetal adj Canasaxovani,embrionuli in the ~ ~ mTiswineTi
foetus n nayofi ZuZumwovris, ufro ada- ~ hold n fexis mosakidi,sayrdeni wer-
mianis, 8 kviris asakSi tili,myari mdgomareoba
foil n adj v folga/folgis,firfita/fir ~ing n dasayrdeni,Semzadeba=safuZve-
fitis,garsakravi(s),safarikao daSna, li=sayrdeni,fexis mosakidebe-
movercxvla,mooqroveba li adgili,sayrdeni wertili,
foile adj foTliani (ornamenti) svetis sayrdeni
fold n v sagnis warbi; gadakecva,mokecva ~ note n SeniSvna gverdis bolos
the ~ n samwyso ~ passage n gzawvrili
folded adj gadakecili,mokecili ~ print n nafexuri
folding doors n pl orsagduliani kari ~ ring=ring ~ WurWlis qusli=rgoluri
folds n pl eklesiis kalTa/wiaRi,nakecebi fexi
samosze ring-based ~ ~ qusliani ~
foliage n foTlovani ornamenti ring-shaped ~ ~ mrgvali/rgoluri
folio n folianti,cal gverdze danom- spreading ring ~ ~ gaSlili rgoluri
rili furceli ~ track n sacalfexo biliki
foliole n rTuli foTlis nawili(orna- webbed ~ fexbakiani (fexi)
menti) footage n sigrZe metrobiT(futebiT)
folk n adj xalxi,xalxuri foothill n mTiswina,mTisZira

105
 სარჩევი
footing n lanCa,fexis mosakidebeli ad-
gili,kedlis Ziri,sayrdeni wer-
tili
on an equal ~ Tanabari uflebiT
sound ~ mtkice safuZveli
foot print n nafexuri
for prep adv …Tvis, radgan(ac);ganmavlo
baSi,garda
~ company Tanameinaxeoba=kampaniis ga-
weva
~ ever n mwuxris locva
~ protection against… dacvis mizniT
forager n saqonlis sakvebis mommaragebe-
li
foraging ger saqonlis sakvebis mogroveba
foraminated adj forebiani=forovani
foray n v Tavdasxma,Semoseva
~a land qveynis aoxreba/ganadgureba,
dacla
forbid(en) v adj akrZalva/akrZaluli
~ fruit akrZaluli xili
force n v Zala; iZuleba,iZulebiT gaake-
Tebino vinmes rame,miwisZvris Zala/
balianiba
by ~ ZaliT,iZulebiT
come into ~ ZalaSi Sesvla(mag.kanon-
nis)
determining ~ warmmarTveli Zala
~driving ~ mamoZravebeli Zala
~ one's way gzis gakvleva(xalxSi)
~ out v gandevna
forceful adj Zlieri,Zalismieri,Ronieri
forces n pl Zalebi(mag.samxedri)
ford n TavTxeli,mdinaris foni
fore adj wina
~ bear n winapari(adamiani)
~ boding n (cudis momaswavebeli)niSa-
ni
~ court n wina ezo
~ father n gvaris fuZemdebeli=mama(mTa
vari)
~ fathers n pl mamebi=winaprebi
~ going adj zemoTqmuli,winamavali
~ ground(s) n wina plani
forebear(s) n winamorbedi
foreground n wina plani,avanscena,saz-Si
mniSvnelovani mdgomareobis qona
forehead n adj Subli(sa),saSuble
~ pin Sublis qinZisTavi
foreign adj ucxo(uri),ucnobi,gareSe
~ body ~ sxeuli
~ domination ~ batonoba
106
in ~ ucxoobaSi
~ langiage ~ ena
on ~ soil ~ ucxo niadasgze/miwze
~ rule ~ batonoba/mmarTveloba
foreigner n ucxoeli
foreman n xelosani
foremost adj udidesi,winamorbedi,winmsw-
rebi,wina,mowinave,pirveli,gamo-
Cenili adamiani
~ authority avtoriteti(romelime dar-
gSi)
forename n adamianis saxeli
forenamed adj zemoT naxsenebi.zemoxsene-
buli
forepart n wina nawili(sagnis/cxovelis)
forerunner n adj winmswrebi ram; momaswa-
vebeli,winamorbedi,mauwyebeli,
foresee v winaswar ganWvreta
foreseeable adj raime, risi ganWvretac
winaswar SeiZleba
foreshadow n v cudi winaTgrZnoba,win-
swreba, (S)exmianeba=analogiuria
foreshadowing adj momaswavebeli,winms-
wrebi,mauwyebeli,maniSnebeli
foreshortening ger rakursis gansazRvra
foresight n v windaxeduleba,winaswar
ganWvreta
forest n adj v tye/tyis,tyiT dafarva,tyis
gaSeneba
~clearance tyis gaCexva
~ cover mcenareuli/tyis safari
de~ tyis mospoba/ganadgureba
deciduous ~ foTlovani tye
~ meadow n tye-mdelo
small ~ ~ wvrilfoTlovani ~
edge of the ~ tyispiri
new/young ~ axalgazrda tye
~ steppe n tye-veli(stepi)
xerophile ~ qserofiluri ~
forested adj tyiT dafaruli
thickly ~ uRrani/xSiri tyiT dafaruli
forester n meteve
foretell v daanaTlo vinmes rame(ara saxe-
li),winaswarmetyveleba
forever adv samaradisod=samaradJamod,ma
rad,sul,samudamod
forge n v brZmedi,samWedlo(saxelosno);
gamoWedva,cxlad Wedva,dafolade-
ba,aslis gakeTeba=gayalbeba,Seqmna,
aliansis Sekvra,Camoyalibeba
~kingdom samefos Zlivs Sekowiweba
forged adj gamoWedili,cxlad naWedi
 სარჩევი

forgery n nayalbevi,minabaZi,asli fortuitous(ness) adj n SemTxveviT(i);sruli

forget v daviwyeba SemTxveviToba=bedis saCuqari
forgive v patieba,Sendoba fortunate(ly) adj adv bednieri=iRbliani;
forgotten adj daviwyebuli,miviwyebuli iRblad,sabednierod
fork n Cangali,fiwali,orTiTi fortune n bedi,gangeba,qoneba,warmateba
socketed ~ orTiTa fiwali ~ teller n marCieli
treedent ~ samTiTa ~ ~ telling ger marCieloba
form n v Sesaxedaoba,saxe,forma;(Se)qmna, forum(see "proper names") n forumi
Camoqna,formis micema forward adv win
a ~ of sth saxe(oba),forma fossa=fosse n TavdacviTi Txrili wyliT
~ an opinion azris/Sexedulebis Camoya fossil(ize)(d) n v adj ganamarxebuli ram;
libeba ganamarxeba,gaqvaveba,namarxi
by ~ …formiT… foster v zrunva,xelSewyoba,aRzrda,mov-
in ~ saxiT,formiT la,loliaoba,xelis gulze tareba
in the ~ of sth ramiT/raRac formiT ~brother ZuZumte vaJi
formal adj saTanado,swori,oficialuri ~father mamamZuZe
formarly adv Tavidanve,pirvelad ~mother dedamZuZe
formation n SenaerTi,warmoqmna ~sister ZuZumte qali
formative adj sawyisi,pirveli,Camoyalibe- foul adj cudi
bis periodi,xelSemwobi ramis found v adj daarseba,Camoyalibeba,Camos-
~elements sawyisi niSnebi ramis xma,aRmoCenili,napovni,dasabuTeba,
~stage ~ safexuri dafuZneba
~ years Camoyalibebis wlebi badly/well ~ cudad/kargad dasabuTeb-
former adj yofili,wina,Zveli,zemoxsene- uli
buli,uwindeli ~ of Christianity qristianobis gamocxa-
~ glory Zveli dideba deba
in ~ days Zvelad,Zvel droSi ~on sth dafuZneba rameze
the ~ oridan pirveli,sawyisi ~ pieces monapovari masala,napovni niv-
formerly adv saerTod Tebi
formidable adj mZime,rTuli,saSineli,saSi- foundation n safuZveli(ekonomiuri,nage-
Si,Znelad gansasazRvri,uzarmaza- bobis),saZirkveli, Ziri
ri,STambeWdavi(cudi ram),didi jari, build sth upon foundation arsebul/Zvel
rTuli,STambeWdavi saZirkvelze sxva Senobis ageba
~mountaineous terrain mTagoriani/Znel- ~ course ZiriTadi mimarTuleba,saZirk-
lad gadasalaxi teritoria vlis wyoba
~ task mZime amocana/movaleoba ~ date daarsebis TariRi
forming ger qmna(formireba) ~ decree Canaweri(brZaneba) ramis daar-
formless adj uformo sebis Sesaxeb
formulate/formulation v n Camoyalibeba lacking any ~ usafuZlo
form(work)(see shutter) n daraba lay/put the ~ saTavis dadeba,saZirkvlis
fortification n galavani,dacva,damcavi ke- Cayra/Cadgma
deli/sistema shake to ~ Zirfesvianad SeZra/SeZvra
fortified adj galavniani,daculi solid ~ myari safuZveli
fortify v gamagreba,dacva without ~ usafuZvlod
fortifying adj gasamagrebeli,damcavi founded adj daarsebuli,Camoyalibebuli,
fort n cixe-simagre Camosxmuli
forthcoming adj gamomavali(axla rom founder n damaarsebeli,damfuZnebeli,ma-
ibeWdeba) naSromi mamTavari,fuZemdebeli,Semqmneli,
fortress n cixe-simagre winapari
founding n ger samsxmelo,safuZveli;da-
natural~ bunebrivi ~
arseba,rkinis dnoba
~sits atop hill mTis wverze ~
~ house samsxmelo saxelosno
~ wall zRude,galavani

107
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foundry n samWedlo,samsxmelo saxelos- ~ standing adj Tavisuflad/calke

no mdgomi
four pref. num oTx..., oTxi ~ town Tavisufali qalaqi
~ fold adj oTxmagi,oTxjeradi freedman n gaTavisuflebuli mona/yma
in all fours daoTxili=oTxze mdgomi freedom n Tavisufleba
adamiani ~ of speech sityvis ~
~ part adj oTxnawiliani,oTxxmiani ~ of worship rwmenis ~
~sequential phase meoTxeuli faza freely adv Tavisuflad
~sided oTxgverda freeze(see frozen) v gayinva
~ times adv oTxjer freight adj satvirTo
~ wheel cart/wagon oTxTvala sazidari frenzied adj gacofebuli,gacxarebuli
fowl n Sinauri frinveli frequence=frequency n sixSire
fox berry n adj ZaRlyurZena frequent(ing) v ger moxSireba,xSiri
fraction n nawili ramis frequent(ly) adj adv xSiri,xSirad
fractional adj arasruli,fragmentuli ~ ~ embellishment/embellished uxvi Sem-
fracture n naprali kuloba/uxvad Semkuli
fracture(d) v danawevreba/danawevrebuli, fresco(ed) n adj freska/freskiani=fres-
dafSvna/dafSvnili,dafxvna/dafx- kiT Semkuli,freskuli
nili,daqucmaceba/daqucmacebuli ~ technique freskis keTebis teqnika
fragile adj myife fresh adj axali(puri/gazeTi);sufTa
fragment v danawileba,danawevreba,dayof (haeri)
fragment(ary)(ed) v n adj nawili,nawyveti, ~ ground/soil yamiri
fragmenti; arasruli,danawevre- fret v kveTa
buli,fragmrntuli; wvrilad ~ work n CuqurTma
dafxvnili friable adj fSvnadi
~into daSla,damtvreva,danawevreba Friday n paraskevi=diosisa; venera
fragmentariness n arasruloba,fragmen- Good ~ wiTeli ~
tuloba friend(ly) n adj megobari/amxanagi;megob-
fragmrntation n dayofa,danawileba,dana- ruli
wevreba in a ~ way adv megobrulad
fragrance n keTilsurneleba friendliness n megobroba
fragrant adj keTilsurnelovani frieze(see torus) n frizi
frame n v CarCo,moCarCoeba,ConCxedi;Car- frighten(ed) v adj daSineba/SeSineba;daSi-
CoSi Casma/Camagreba,Cadgma/Cayeneba nebuli/SeSinebuli
ramisa rameSi,karis sapire,nagebo- fringe(d) n adj funji(ornamenti),mZivfoCi;
bis CarCo/ConCxi arSiamovlebuli,kide ramis,
timber ~ Senobis xis CarCo naSTi/narCeni ramis
~ work n ConCxedi,saxuravis CarCo,Se- fringing ger gars uvlis raRac farTobs
nobis ConCxi fringy adj funjebiani
timber ~ work nagebobis xis CarCo frit n adj v minisebri Slaki(s),Sednoba/Se
framed adj moCarCoebuli,CarCoSi Casmu- cxoba
li frizzy hair uxeSi kululebi
framing n ger CarCo; moCarCoeba from prep. …dan
timber ~ Senobis CarCo, xis aguri ~ above zevidan
frantic adj Tavqudmoglejili(gaqceva) ~ after mas Semdeg
fraternity n Zmoba ~ antiquity to the present antikurobidan
frayed edges n pl ZenZ-foCebi dRemde
freckled adj Worfliani ~ beginning to the end Tavidan bolomde
free v adj gaTavisufleba; Tavisufali, ~ each other/one another erTmaneTisagan
laRi ~ edge to edge kididan kidemde
~ of/from charge ufaso(d) ~ here aqedan
~ land dausaxlebeli miwa judging ~ sb/sth Tu ganvsjiT vinmes/ra-

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mis mixedviT… ri; adj aramdgradi,gaurkveveli,

~ now aqedan..,amis mere.., droebiTi,warmavali,moxetiale
~ ~ on amis mere, dReis amas iqiT fulfil(ment) v n aRsruleba,axdena,Sesru-
~ outside garedan leba,ganxorcieleba
~ over zevidan full adj (gul)savse,sruli
~ that time forth mas Semdeg,iqidan moyo- ~ cost sruli Rirebuleba
lebuli da Semdgom ~ face winxedi
~ the beginning dasawyisidan,Tavidan ~ height sruli simaRle
~ ~ earliest time uZvelesi droidan ~ scale srulmasStabiani
~ ~ ~ ~ until today uZvelesi ~ size sruli=naturaluri zoma
droidan dRemde ~ stop wertili (sasveni niSani)
~ ~ first Tavidanve,Tavdapirvelad ~ of holes oRro-CoRro
~ ~ outset Tavidanve,Tavdapirvelad ~ ~ idea(s) ideebiT savse=Wkviani
~ this point of view am TvalsazrisiT,am ~ ~ sense(s) aziT/gonierebiT savse=
mxriv datvirTuli
~ this/that viewpoint/point of view am/im sth of ~ value srulfasovani
TvalsazrisiT ~ use sruli/farTo aTviseba/gamoyene-
~ time immemorial odiTgan(ve),uxsovari ba(mag. rkinis)
droidan fulling(see earth) ger matylis Telva
~ ~ to time drodadro fully adv mTlad,mTlianad,savsebiT,sru-
~ until prep. …dan …mde lad
front n adj (see shirt) fasadi,wina piri/pla fulsome adj raime didi zomis
ni,pirimxare; wina fumction(al) v n adj daniSnuleba,moqmede-
in ~ of prep. win ba,funqcia; arseboba,mimoqceva,
~ part back wina ukan moqmedeba; funqcionaluri
~ view(s) ganSla(ni) serve~ asrulebs funqcias
frontage n adv fasadi(T)… functionality n moqmedeba,funqcionireba,
frontal (see calvaria) adj wina,Sublis funqciuroba
~ adornment/diadem Sublis samkauli fund(ed)(ing) n adj v ger maragi(sa),fondi
frontality n pirdapiroba,frontaluroba (sa)/safondo; fuliT uzrunvelyo-
fa=fondebis gamoyofa;dafinanse-
fronted part fasadi
buli/damfinansebeli;dafinanseba
frontier n adj sazRvari/sasazRvro,kide/
fundamental(ly) adj adv umTavresi,Zire-
kidisa,forfosti,SezRuduli
uli/ZiriTadad,ZirSive,funda-
~nature of sth SezRuduloba rameSi/ra-
menturi,safuZvlianad,safuZ-
mis
velSive,mTavari,ZiriTadi
~zone sasazRvro zoli
sth of ~ importance udidesi mniSvnelo
frontlet n Sublsafari
bis
~ diadem Sublsakravi
fundamentals n pl ZiriTadi principebi/we
frosted adj Sebinduli (mina) sebi
frozen(see freez) adj gayinuli funds n pl Tanxebi=fondebi
fruit n xili funeral n adj dakrZalva; dasakrZalavi,
~ growing mexileoba samgloviaro
~ stand n saxile vaza ~feast aRapi/qelexi dakrZalvis Semdeg
fruitful adj nayofieri ~ habit/rite dakrZalvis wesi
fruits n pl xileuli; monagari=Sedegi= ~ oration gamosaTxovari sityva
Sromis nayofi ~ procession samgloviaro procesia
frustrate(ion) v n imedgacrueba
~ urn (da)samarxi yuTi=urnasamarxi
frying pan n tafa
funerary adj dasakrZalavi
fuel n v sakvamuri,sawvavi;waqezeba,gaxe-
~ banquit/feast aRapi,qelexi
leba vinmesi,ubiZgo...gaZliereba,xel-
~chamber dasakrZalavi darbazi
is Sewyoba
~ contebts/context samarxeuli masala
fugitive n cixidan gaqceuli=Zebnili,mwi-

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for ~ use samarxSi Casatareblad(niv- daqanebuli,wveti,wvetura

Tebi) peak of a ~ saxuravis kexi
~ garland qiori=qoiri gablet adj samkuTxa
~gifts samarXSi Catanebuli nivTebi gagate n adj giSeri/giSris
~rite(s) dakrZalvis wesi/wesebi gage n windi=be
~ ritual dakrZalvis rituali gain v mopoveba,miReba,Sovna,SeZena,damsa-
~ temple taZari sakrZalavi xureba
~ urn (see funeral) (da)samarxi yuTi=ur- ~ degree samecn. xarisxis mopoveba
na samarxi ~ experience gamocdilebis SeZena
fungus/fungi n sing/pl Lat. soko.romelic ~ favour mowonebis damsaxureba
azianebs kedlis mxatvrobas ~ ground sabuTis mopoveba
funnel n Zabri,sakvamuri ~ mastery of sth daostateba rameSi
~influences damdnari liTonis Camosas ~ power Zalauflebis ~
xmeli WurWeli,Camosxmuli li- ~ the victory gamarjvebis mopoveba,Zle-
Tonis gaciebis mere zedapize vaÁ
gaCenili Zabrisebr Rrmuli gained adj mipovebuli,miRebuli,naSovni,
~ shaped adj Zabrisebri SeZenili,damsaxurebuli
fur n cxovelis tyavi bewviT gaze n v mzera,cqera,Wvreta,gansakuTre-
~ coat n bewvis qurqi buli yuradRebis sagani
furbish v liTonis gakrialebs/gawmenda, gaiter(see garter) n sakvarTuli,paiWi=pa-
Jangis moSoreba,mexsierebaSi aRdgena WiWi
furnace(see kiln) n Tuni,qura,Rumeli ~ strap paWiWis samagri,sakoWuri,lek-
temper ~ sawrTobi Rumeli verTxi
furnish(ed) v adj gawyoba/gawyobili,mooW- gale n qariSxlis simZlavris aRmniSvne-
va/mooWvili,Semkoba/Semkuli,moma- li erTeuli
rageba/momaragebuli,aRWurva/aR- galena n adj galeniti(s),tyviis bzinvare
Wurvili(qveyana madneuliT) ba
furnishing adj ger aRWurviloba (ara sam- galerus/galeri n sing/pl Lat. bewvis qudi
xedro),Semamkobeli,momarageba gallery n talani,galerea,maRaro,derefa-
furniture n aveji ni
furnus/furni n sing/pl Lat, Tone=furne galoon n sirma
furrier n Woni(tyavis/bewveulis mkeravi) gallop n v navardi cxenis
furrow n naxnavi=moxnuli miwa gamut n gama
further adj adv momavali,momdevno,Semdegi gang n banda,jgufi
Semdgom(i);Rrmad,ufro metic gang-way n gasasvleli
a little ~ on mogvianebiT gangway n mdinareze gadasakidi bogiri
furthermore adv garda amisa/imisa,ufro gantlet=gauntlet n mwkrivSi gatareba=sas-
metic jeli
fuse(ing) v ger dnoba,lRoba,Sereva gap n naCvreti,saTofuri,naprali,xarve-
~ among v Sereva zi,nakeri liTonze,wyvetili droSi/
~ into v Caqsova(mag.stilSi),Serwyma qronologiaSi
fusible adj dnobadi,lRobadi bridge/fill a/the ~ wyvetilis Sevseba qro
fusion n areva,Sereva,Serwyma,dnoba,sinTe nologiaSi
zi,narevi garantee v uzrunvelyofa
futile adj amao,uazro garbage n nagavi
sth proved ~ raRac aRmoCnda amao ~ pit nagvis ormo
future n adj momavali Garden of Eden edemi, edemis baRi
at a ~ date momavalSi garden(ing) n baRi,mebaReoba
look ahead to the ~ yureba momavlisaken garland n gvirgvini,foTol/yvavilwnuli
sth lies in the ~ raRac momavlis saqmea… garment n kvarTi,mosasxami,samosi
~secure samosis samagri
G garments n pl samosi
gable(see window) n adj Tavxe,ormxriv-

110
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garner n v beReli,marcvleulis dabina-
veba
garnet n adj Zowi(s)
garnet-pyropus/piropi n adj Lat. granat-pi-
ropi(s)
garnish v kerZis galamazeba/morTva
garret n sxveni
garrison n v cixioni,garnizoni; jaris
dabanakeba
garter(see gaiter) n lekverTxi,sakvarTu-
li
~ strap wvivsakravi
gastate n ganayofierebuli Tesli
gastropod n mucelfexa(arseba)
gate n (kari)bWe,saguSago,WiSkari
~ post n karis wirTxli
~ way n karibWe, WiSkari
gather(ed) v adj mogroveba/mogrovili,Se-
groveba/Segrovili,Tavmoyra/Tav-
moyrili,Sekreba/Sekrebili
~ together erTad Segrovili/Sekrebili
gatherer n Semgrovebeli
gathering n ger Tavyriloba; (Se)groveba),
Semgrovebloba
gathers n pl naoWebi (ornamenti)
gauge n mzomi xelsawyo(raime),namzadi,
urmali=urmis Tvlis nakvalevi
gaze
gear n v aRWurviloba,xelsawyo-iaraRi.
mowyobiloba,morgeba,mimarTva,gae-
Suro sadme
geared adj morgebuli
geiser(ic) n adj geizeri(s),geizeruli
gem=gemm n gem(m)a
~ cutting ger gem(m)is kveTa
gemma/gemmae n sing/pl Lat. gem(m)a
gemstone n gem(m)is qva,beWdis Tvali
outside face of ~ gem(m)is wina mxare
retrograde surface of ~ gem(m)is ukana
mxare
gender n sqesi(gramatikuli)
gene(see gens/gentis) n geni
general adj aRiarebuli,saerTo,sazogado
sayovelTao,zogadi,Cveuli,Cveul-
ebrivi,saerTo
~ director direqtori,
~ features saerTo/Cveuli niSnebi
~ governor mefisnacvali,mTavarmarTebe
li
in ~ adv zogadad,sazogadod,saer-
Tod
in ~ character saerTo daxasiaTebiT
111
in only most ~ light zereled
~ manner Cveulebrivi manera
~ picture Cveuli suraTi
~ situation ~ mdgomareoba
~ staff generaluri Stabi
~ studies of… zerele mimoxilva
generalization/genralize n v ganzogadeba
generalized adj ganzogadebuli
generally adv saerTod,sruliad,Cveuleb-
riv,sazogadod
~ accepted sayovelTaod aRiarebuli
~ speaking… sazogadod…
generate(d) v adj aRorZineba/aRorZinebu-
li,gaCenili,warmoSobili,Casaxuli
da ganviTarebuli,(warmo)Soba
generation n aRorZineba,Taoba,STamomav-
loba
generic adj Cveuli/Cveulebrivi,saerTo
generous adj uangaro,gulkeTili,gul-
mowyale,keTilSobili,uSurveli,go-
gonivruli,didi,mozrdili,bevri,gu-
luxvi,nayofieri,gulkeTili
~ mind(ed) saRi azri,saRad moazrovne
~ work uangaro Sroma/daxmareba
generously adv gvarianad,gonivrulad,uS-
urvelad,(gul)uxvad,keTilSobilad
Genesis (the) n dabadeba,Sesaqme
genesis/geneses n Lat. genezisi
genius (the) n genia=niWi,suli
genius n genialuroba, genialuri vinme
genius/genii n Lat. geniosi
genius n suli
the ~ of the period drois/epoqis suli
gens/gentis(see gene) n sing/pl Lat. geni
gentle adj msubuqi,odnavi,frTxili
gentility n aristokratia,keTilSobilni,
warCinebulni
gently adv odnav,frTxilad
~ sloping damreci,daqanebuli
genuflect(ed) v adj muxlis modreka(moyra
moxra),daCoqeba;muxlmodrekili
(moyrili,moxrili),daCoqili
genuine adj namdvili,udao,utyuari,deda-
ni ramis,wminda wylis,WeSmariti
genuinely adv gulwrfelad,namdvilad
genuineness n sinamdvile/utyuaroba ra-
mis
genus/genera n sing/pl Lat. saxeoba
geochemical adj geoqimiuri
geometric(al) adj geometriuli
gerfalcon n sonRuli (frinveli)
germ n mcenaris Canasaxi=Rivi
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German silver n adj melqiori(s)
germane n vargisi,saTanado,Sesaferisi
gesture n moZraoba,Jesti
get v miReba,mopoveba
~ into v Sesvla,SeZvroma
~ to know v gacnoba
~ to sth miRweva ramis
~ over v daZleva
~ ready v momzadeba
~ religion v sarwmunoebis miReba
~ sb out v vinmes gagdeba
~ sth start v ramis dawyeba/aRmoceneba
~ ~ ~ to develop v gaviTarebis da-
wyeba
~ up v adgoma (dawolilis)
~ upper hand jobna vinmesTvis
~ used to sb/sth vinmes/ramis SeCveva/Se-
gueba
gestation of sth n momwifeba(sakiTxis)
getter n mimRebi ramis,mngreveli=saba-
dos mompovebeli
ghost n moCveneba
giant n adj bumberazi,goliaTi,giganti
(mecnierebis,xelovnebis)
gift n v saCuqari,dasaCuqreba
~ exchange n saCuqrebis gacvla
~ giving ger saCuqris micema,dasaCuqreba
gifted adj dasaCuqrebuli,niWiT dajil-
doebuli
gifts n pl niWi=talanti,samarxis invent-
tari
outstanding ~ naTeli/gansakuTrebuli
niWi
~ for repose the soul sakurTxi
gig n etli
gigantic adj goliaTuri,giganturi
gild(ed)/gilt v adj mooqroveba/mooqrovili
ginger n adj janjafili(s)/koWa(si);wiTu-
ri, Zingiber officinale, Lat.
gird v ekvris,sazRvravs,qamris Semokvra
girder n dire, Weris koWi
~ cover Zelfenili samarxis Tavze
girl n gogo(na)
girdle n sagnis weli, xis wliuri rkali
nagebobis/Senobis koWi
~ about v garSemortma
girth n v garSemoweriloba,garsSemowera
unagiris Sesakravi Tasma,sartyeli
WurWelze
gist of sth arsi ramis
give(ing) v ger micema,gacema=gaReba,gada-
cema/gadmocema
112
~ a start wamowyeba,sawyisis micema
~ and take v aReb-micemoba
~ authority (Zala)uflebis micema
~ birth v Soba=Sva,dasabamis micema
~ ~ to the notion that… varaudis gaCena
~ communion ziarebis micema/aziaro…
~ degree of… xarisxis miniWeba
~ freedom Tavisuflebis micema/gaTavi-
sufleba
~ impuls biZgis micema
~ in danebeba mters/siZneles
~ one's blessing dalocva
~ over to v adgilis daTmoba raRacis-
Tvis
~rise to sth dawyeba/sawyisis micema
~ sb a warm welcome vinmes miReba gul-
Tbilad
~ the floor sityvis micema=dapireba
~ the rise to… safuZvlis Seqmna,Camoyali
beba,azris/ramis dabadeba(gaCe-
Cena),dasabamis micema
~ up(cf.stop doing sth) v Tavis danebeba/mi
nebeba,mitoveba
~ way gzis/adgilis daTmoba,gadadgoma
glacial adj myinvaruli
glaciations(s) n gamyinvareba
glacier n adj yinvari.yinulovani
glacis n miwayrilis wina dacereba/dax-
riloba
stone ~ qvis cicabo jebiri cixe-simag-
ris garSemo mtrisgan/stiqiisgan
dasacavad
gladiator(ial) n adj gladiatori, gladi-
atorTa
glance n v gamoxedva,Tvalis gadavleba/
Sevleba
casual ~ zerele(d) Tvalis Sevleba
glass n adj mina/minis
blind ~ brma/dabinduli ~
cut ~ Tlili ~
~ cutter n minis/minaze kveTis ostati
~ cutting ger minis Tla/kveTa
frosted ~ Sebinduli ~
~ goblet n sirCa,bokali
molten ~ Txieri mina
~ paste minis pasta/pastis
smalt ~ kobaltiani ~
stained ~ vitraJis/feradi ~
~ ware minis WurWeli
glassen/glassy adj minisebri
glaze n adj v murvi(s),Wiquri(s),gaprial-
eba,moWiqureba
 სარჩევი
glazed(see clay) adj moWiquli,gaprialebu-
li,nakrialebi
gleaming adj ger bzinvare(ba)
glimpse mcinare nawili ramis,gaelveba,
gamonaTeba,wuTieri STabeWdileba,
Tvalis Sevleba
global adj msoflio,globaluri
globular adj sferuli
glories of magnificence dideba/didebuleba
~ of the past warsuli(s) dideba
glorify v (gan)dideba
gloriole n wmindanis nimbi
glorious adj didebuli,SesaniSnavi
glory n (gan)dideba
gloss n v liTonis bzinva(reba),pewi,pri-
ali; gaprialeba
glossary n leqsikoni naSromis/wignis
bolos
glossy adj varayiani/movarayebuli,kria-
la/naprialebi,mbzinavi,priala
glue(d) n v adj webo,dawebeba,dawebebu-
uli/miwebebuli
gluptuikos n Gr. gliptikosi
glove n TiTebiani xelTaTmani
glyph n reliefurad nakveTi figura lu
rsmul damwerlobaSi
gnome n sentencia
gnomon n mzis saaTi
Gnosticism n gnosticizmi
gnow v ReWva
go(ing) v ger wasvla
~ ahead/forward v win gaWra
~ ashore v zRvis napirze gasvla
~ astray v gzas acdena
~ back to v siRrmeSi wasvla
~ ~ ~ one’s promose v sityvis gate-
xa
~ down on one’s knees v daCoqeba
~ in v Sesvla sadme
~ on v gagrZeleba,gangrZoba
~ out v gareT gasvla,tradiciis gaqro
ba
~ ~ of fashion modidan gasvla
~ ~ to meet v migebeba
~ over again gadaxedva=Semowmeba
~ sight-seeing v daTvaliereba=eqskursia
~ up v asvla
goad n sawerteli
goal n amocana,mizani,daniSnulebis ad-
gili
goat n Txa
billy/he ~ n vaci
113
gobbet n saTargmni teqstis nawyveti
gobelin n gobeleni
goblet n kaTxa,(fexiani)sasmisi
go-between man n Suakaci
god n warmarTuli RmerTi
bring in ~ RmerTis dadgena=SemoReba
God(see Christ,Jesus) n RmerTi
God Allmighty Semoqmedi=yovlisSemZle
RmerTi
God answered RmerTma Seismina
God forbid sb should do sth RmerTma daifa
ros(vinme raime cudis gakeTebisagan
God the Father mamaRmerTi
the Father,theSon and Holy Spirit mama, Ze
da suliwminda
God-given adj RvTivboZebuli
God head (the) RmerTi=sameba
Godless adj uRmerTo
God-like adj RvTiuri
God,rest his/her soul ! RmerTo,acxovne!
God, save him/her !RmerTo,daifare/uSvele
God - sent adj napovni,RvTivboZebuli,
RmerTis gamogzavnili
God took care RmerTma daifara
God's Gate RvTis kari
God's helper RvTis msaxuri
God's people RmerTis rCeuli xalxi=eb-
raelebi
leader of ~ ~ RmerTis rCeuli xalxis
maswavlebeli
God's voice RvTis xma
god-daughter n naTluli(qali)
god-father n naTlimama
god-fearing adj RvTismoSiSi
godforsaken adj mivardnili(miyruebuli/
RvTisa da kacisagan daviwye-
buli) adgili romelime qveyanaSi
god-mother n naTlideda
god-son n naTluli (vaJi)
goddess n qalRmerTi/qalRvTaeba
corn ~ marcvleulis qalRmerTi=
demetra
~ of fertility nayofierebis qalRmerTi
godliness n RvTismorCileba/mosaoba
godly adj RmerTis/RmerTebis
goffer v Rarva
going adj ger mimavali,wasvla
gold n adj oqro(si)
~ bearing adj oqros Semcveli
~ bullion ~ zodi
bulk ~ ~ masa fulSi
~ cloth n adj farCa/farCis
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~ digger ~ maZiebeli ~ bounds to market gasayidi/sabazro ~

~ dust/sand ~ Semcveli qviSa grave ~ samarxeuli masala/inventari
~ field ~ sabado/sarewi mass-produced ~ masiuri warmoebis sa
~ foil ~ firfita,furclovani oqro saqoneli, masobrivad warmoebuli
~ lace ~ yaiTani prestige ~ prestiJuli saqoneli
~ leaf ~ firfita/furceli goodwill n keTilganwyoba,kwtili neba,
made of ~ oqrosi/oqrosgan gakeTebu- mzadyofna sikeTis sakeTeblad
li cinfirm ~towards…keTilganwyobis dadas
~ mine ~ salaro tureba vinmes mimarT
~ mouthed adj oqropiri (adamiani) goose n bati
~ ore ~ madani gooseberry n adj xurtkmeli(s)
~ plaque ~ mrgvali firfita goosefoot n adj xvarTqla(si)(mc),=Cheno-
~ plated adj mooqrovili/oqroferili podium Lat.
pure ~ wminda=bajaRlo oqro ~ neck n batiyela (ornamenti)
~ reserve ~ maragi ~ quill n batis frTa (saweri)
~ smith n oqromWedeli Gordian knot gordias kvanZi
~ smithary n oqromWedloba gorge n kldekari, xeoba(mag. pankisis)
school of ~ ~ oqromWedlobis skola gorgeous adj brwyinvale,didebuli
~ spun n adj oqroqsovili(s) gospel n sagalobeli
~ stone n adj avanturini(s) Gospels (the) n pl saxareba, oTxTavi
~ thread n adj oqromkedi(s) gourd n adj orSimo gogra/gogris, Lege-
~ vein oqros ZarRvi naria Lat.
~ washing ger ~ recxva ~ shaped adj gogrisebri WurWeli
~ winged adj ~ frTiani gouge n v naxevarwriuli uro/samtvre-
~ work n oqrouloba=oqros vela
nivTebi gourd n adj orSimo gogra/gogris
~ woven n adj oqsino(si)=naWeri,mo- govern(ance)(or) v n saxelnwifos marT-
sirmuli va,mmarTveloba; mmarTveli
goldcrest n adj karalioki(s) government n mTavroba
golden(see eagle) adj mooqrovili,oqros- unity ~ koaliciuri ~
feri governor-general(see general) n mefisnacva-
~ age oqros xana/saukune li
~ fleece n oqros sawmisi graben n dedamiwis qerqis nawili,rome-
~ haired adj ~ Tmiani lic SemosazRvrulia teqtoniku-
~ mean ~ Sualedi ri napralebiT da momijnave adgi
lebTan SedarebiT dablaa daweuli
~ section ~ kveTa
Grace n gracia
~ shower ~ wvima
grace n v gulmowyaleba,madli,wyaloba,
goldish adj oqrosferi,oqrosfrad moel
dajildoeba,Semkoba,miniWeba ramis
vare
by the ~ of God RvTis wyaloba
goliath n goliaTi (bibl)
sb’s ~ (vinme) Tqveno brwyinvalebav/mo
gone adj gardasuli,wa(r)suli,gamqrali
wyalebav
goniometer n gonio (xelsawyo)
graceful(ly) adj adv moxdenili/moxdenil-
good adj kargi,brZnuli,sasargeblo,na-
ad,koxta(d),graciozuli/graci-
Teli
ozulad,daxvewili/daxvewilad
~ deed(s) madli=keTili saqmeni gracious adj mowyale (guli/vinme)
~ fame/name kargi saxeli=saxeliani grade n done,safexuri,xarisxi
Good Friday wiTeli paraskevi Gradual n saeklsio himnebis krebuli,gu
good quality/standard kargi xarisxi(s) lani, Jamn-gulani; saeklesio himni
~ sized adj mozrdili gradual adj TandaTan(obiT),damreci,Tan-
~ taste kargi/natifi gemovneba mimdevruli
goodness n sikeTe gradually adv TandaTanobiT,TandaTan,na-
goods n pl (savaWro) saqoneli bij-nabij,TanmimdevrobiT

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graduate v um.. saswavleblis dasruleba grave(see burial) n adj samarxi(s)=samara/

graduated adj danayofebiani(mag.saxazavi), samaris
iarusebiani,kursdamTavrebuli catacomb ~ n katakombi
Graeco… adj pref berZnul… clay plinth ~ n Tixisfila samarxi
graft v n (da)mynoba, namyenis kalami ~ clothes(see cerements) sudara
~ into v Serwyma ~contents/complex samarxeuli inventari
graffito/graffiti n sing/pl Lat. grafito kompleqsi
graffito n adj grafiti(s) ~ digger n mesaflave
grain n marcvali double ~ 2 micvalebuli 1 samarxSi
~ basket puris beReli=xorbliT mdi- ~ goods samarxeuli nivTebi
dari qveyana ~ marker saflavis(maniSnebeli) qva
~ rubber n xelsafqvavi ~sealed with floor samarxi saxlis iatak-
source of ~ marcvleulis wyaro is qveS
strain of ~ ~ jiSi ~ spot samarxis laqa
~ yield ~ mosavali shaft ~ Saxturi samarxi
grand adj didi,diadi,didebuli ~ yard sasaflao/samarovani
~ Duke didi Tavadi/mTavari gravel n adj RorRi(s),xreSi(s)
grandee n didebuli=vinme aristokrati gravely adv adj mkacrad
grandeur n adj didebuleba,sidiade;dide- gravelly adj xvinWiani miwa
buli,dideba gravitate towards…gadaxra romelime mxa-
grandiose adj grandiozuli res
granary n beReli,marcvleulis ormo/xa- gravity n miziduloba
ro,nalia ~center mizidulobis centri
grant(ed) n v adj saCuqari,wyaloba,jil- graze(ing) v ger n Zoveba/saZovari
do,boZeba/naboZebi,Cuqeba/naCuqari, great adj bumberazi,diadi,didi
dasaCuqreba,dajildoeba,boZeba, ~ chance didi SesaZlebloba
ZRveni ~ difference ~ sxvaoba
~ aided adj is,rac SemowirulobebiT ar- ~ majority didi umetesoba
sebobs/moqmedebs ~many mravali
~ in-aid miznobrivi daxmareba=subsidia sth of ~ promose imedis momcemi
take sth for ~ ~ CaTvalo rogorc arse to a ~ extent umeteswilad,didwilad
buli/damtkicebuli,rom es Great Martyr didmowame
asec unda iyos Great Mother of Gods RmerTebis didi de-
grantee n piri,romelic Rebulobs da RmerTi
grants greatly adv didad,Zlier,Zalze
grants n pl stipendia greatness n didebuleba,sidiade,umaRle-
granulate(d)(ion) v adj n cvaraTi dafarva si mwvervali=warmateba
dafaruli; cvara=ornamenti age/hours of ~ didebis xana
grape n adj yurZeni/yurZnis at one's ~ vinme warmatebis umaRles
~ husks n pl; adj WaWa/WaWis mwvervalze
grapple n v kauWi/kavi,kauWis gamodeba greats (the)(see scholar) n pl didi adami-
grasp v wvde rames xeliT,Caavlo/waav- ani(mecnieri,mwerali...)
lo xeli,xelT pyroba greaves n pl only abjris wvivsakravi
grasping n xelmosakidi=saxeluri greaze n adj v qoni(ani)(s), qonis wasma/
grass(land/plot) n adj balaxi(s),mdelo,min- gaqonva
dor-veli greed(y) n adj sixarbe, xarbi
grate(d) v adj dafSvna,dafSvnili green(see colour) n mindori
grateful(ly) adj adv madlieri/madlobeli; greenstone n adj diorite,diabazi,nefri-
madlierebiT ti,mwvane porfiri (s)
grattoir(see scrapper) n boloretuSiani sa grid n kvadratebis bade
fxeki ~ plan badura dagegmareba
gratuity n samxedro/fuladi jildo grief n glova,satanjveli,wuxili

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griffin=griffon=gryphon n grifoni in ~ gundurad,jgufad,jgufurad

~ shaped adj grifonisebri ~term jgufuri saxeli ramisa
winged ~ frTiani grifoni within the ~ jgufSi=jgufis Signi
wingless ~ ufrTo ~ grouping ger dajgufeba,Sejgufeba
grieve(see grief) for/over v glova,wuxili groupped adj dajgufebuli,Tavmoyrili,
grim adj daundobeli,sastiki Sejgufebuli
grime n v Camjdari WuWyi/Wvrtli,dasvra tightly ~ mWidrod Sejgufuli/dawyobil
grind v dafSvna,dafqva,dakepva,saRebavis/ ~togrther v dajgufebuli,jgufad
wamlis galesva,xexva,sresa grout n adj alizi(s)=Tixis duRabi(s),sam
~ iron n zedadgari Seneblo xsnari(s)
grinding ger fSvna,fqva,kepva hydraulic ~ hidravlikuri xsnari
~ bowl n rodini,qvija mortar ~ baTqaSi
grip v xelis Cavleba,CaWideba grow v (ga)zrda,mosavlis moyvana
grit(see gravel) n adj RorRi(s),xvinWa/xvin- ~apart calke,gverdze,cal-calke,gan-
Wis,xreSi(s) calkevebiT
~tempered xvinWanarevi ~ dark dabneleba
grits n pl RerRili ~ into v gadazrda ramisa rameSi
gritty adj xaoiani ~ up v aRmoceneba,daarseba
grizzly adj saSineli/saSiSi,umniSvnelo, ~ to prominence gaZliereba
usiamovno,saZageli growing ger adj zrda; zrdadi/mzardi
groin n kamaris solebis SeerTebis wer- grown adj gazrdili,gadidebuli
tili home ~ adgilobrivi,Sinnazardi
grotto n xelovnuri gamoqvabuli/mRvime growth n gaZliereba,zrda
grove n koromi,warafi ~ ring(s) xis zrdis rgol(eb)i
groom n mejinibe stunded ~ zrdaSeferxebuli adamiani
groove n v naribandi=narimandi,sagnis grufberg=Medicago minima Lat. n adj bir-
warbi,Rari;daRarva/daRaruli kiani ionja/ionjis
mitered ~ kuTxovani narimandi guarantee(d) v n adj dapireba=garantiis
grooved adj CaRarul-amoRaruli micema; piroba=garantia;uzrun-
~ ornament lilvsamkauli velyofili=garantirebuli
~ tile kalipteri guard n v mcveli/cixioni; dacva
grooving n foso ~ post n sadarajo posti
ground n adj miwa/miwis,adgili,naxexi,sa- guardian n meurve,mzrunveli,damcveli
fuZveli(mag.azris) ~ angel mfarveli/fuZis angelozi
above ~ miwiszeda/zeviT guardianship n mzrunveloba,meurveoba
fertle ~ noyieri miwa gudgeon n qvebis samagri Reraki kedel-
~ floor n palati=saxlis qveda sarTu- Si
li guilder rose=Viburnum opulus Lat. n adj wi-
find common ~ gamonaxo saerTo ena Teli Zaxveli(s)
~ forces saxmeleTo jari guess v n gamocnoba,mixvedra; varaudi
level ~ vake adgili guesswork n marCieloba
present ~ ~ velis Tanamedrove zeda ~ knuckle bones samarCielo koWebi
piri/done guest n stumari
~ slate n adj fiqali/fiqlis guidance n xelmZRvaneloba
grounding n Semzadeba=safuZveli=sayr- under/with ~ of… xelmZRvanelobiT
deni guide n v megzuri,warmarTva
groundless adj usafuZvlo ~ book ~ (wigni)
grounds n pl monacemi/monacemebi ~ with v xelmZRvaneloba
~ for… safuZveli raime mosazrebis guild n gildia
provide ~ for sth safuZvlis Seqmna ra- guilloche n wnuli
ime mosazrebisaTvis gully n naRvarevi,xevi,xrami
group n gundi/jgufi,dajgufeba gum(ed) n v adj webo; dawebeba/dawebebu-

116
 სარჩევი
li,miwebeba/miwebebuli,Sewebeba/Se-
webebuli,WurWlis Sekowiweba/Seko-
wiwebuli
gun n Tofi
~ carriage n zarbaznis sazidari
double-barrel ~ orluliani Tofi
~ powder n adj Tofis wamali/wamlis
single-action ~ dasateni Tofi
gurgle(ing) v ger nakadulis CuxCuxi
gutter(see drain-pipe,sima) n wyalsawreti,
arxi,sawvimari mili kedelze
descent ~ Sveuli sawvimari mili Seno-
baze
gymnasia n gimnazia
gynaeceon/gynaecee n sing/pl Lat. saqale-
bo
gypsum=calciummsulfate n adj v TabaSiri
(s),daTabaSireba=TabasiriT amovseba
calcined ~ gamomwvari TabaSiri
plaster(ing) ~ sabaTqSe/Sesalesi
~ plastered TabaSiriT Selesili
gypsumed adj TabaSiriT Selesili/Sev-
sebuli,TabaSirwasmuli
gyves n pl borkil(eb)i
H ~ tint naxevartoni (feris)
habit n Cveva,Cveuleba,wesi,specsamosi
burial/funeral ~ dakrZalvis wesi
habitable adj sacxovreblad vargisi
habitant n mcxovrebi
habitat n Cveuli(sacxovrebeli)garemo
habitate(ion) v dasaxleba,cxovreba
~level nacxovrebi fena
~site namosaxlari
habitual adj Cveuli
hack(ed) n v adj Cexva.daCexili,weraqvi
~ and hew(n) adj danakuweba,danakuwebu-
li
~ off v CamoCexva/CamoCexili,CamoWra/Ca-
moWrili
hackle n dgimi
hadj n haji=rituali
Hadji n hajis Semsrulebeli adamiani
haematite=hematite n adj hematiti(s)
haft(ed) n v adj satare Sverili,saxelu-
ris Tavi; damagreba/Camagreba saxe-
luris/taris
haft(ing) n saxeluri,xelis Casavlebi
aid ~ xelis Casavlebis gakeTeba qvis
iaraRze/xelsawyoze
haggling adj sakamaTo
hail n v setyva; misalmeba ramis
117
hair n adj balani/balnis,bewvi(s),Tma/Tmis
~ arranged closely Sekruli Tma
frizzi ~ uxeSi kululebi
~pulled back ukan gadavarcxnili Tma
~ ~ up in a bun on top of the head ~
Sekruli da moxveuli zeviT
~ring Tmis samagri rgoli
~ root Tmis Ziri
~ shirt balnis ZaZa
~style varcxniloba ramenairi
swept-back ~ ukan gadavarcxnili Tma
~ do(dressing,cut,style) n varcxniloba
~ pin(see spiral) n Tmis sarWi/samagri
~ waved/waving (da)xveuli Tma
half(see halve) adj adv naxevar(i),naxevrad,
sanaxevrod
~ cast (eg Georgian) naxevrad(mag.qarTve-
li)
~ faced naxevradSebrunebuli
~ finished naxevradgakeTebuli,namzadi
=naxevarfabrikati
~ hoop naxevarrkali
~ moon naxevarmTvare
~ spiral/voluta naxevarxvia
~ timbered naxevrad xis
~ turn naxevarbruni
~ way n adv Sua gza(ze)
~ worked namzadi,naxevrad damuSavebu-
li
hall n darbazi=palati
audience ~ sefe/sazeimo darbazi,saau-
dencio darbazi
hallmark n v ganviTarebis umaRlesi do-
ne,sinjis damRa,maniSnebeli,niSani,
kriteriumi;sinjis niSnis dasma,kri
teriumis dadgena,damaxasiaTebeli
NniSani
hallway n winkari
halo n wmindanis Saravandi,mnaTobis rka
li
halt v Sewyveta ramis keTebis
bring to a ~ Sewyveta
halter n avSara, sadave
halve(see half) n v tari/taris Tavi;Tanab-
rad gayofa
hamlet n patara sofeli,dasaxleba,Temi
hammer n v kveri=CaquCi,uro;gamoWedva,
daWedeba,kverva,kverviT Rarva
battle ~ sabrZolo uro
hard ~ qvis samtvrevi qvis CaquCi
hard ~ technique qvis mtvrevis teqnika
 სარჩევი
~ headed adj Tavkveriani
~into shape Fformis micema WedviT
~into sheet liTonis furclis gamokve-
rva
soft ~ Camotexili qvis dasamuSavebe-
li qva
stone ~ qvis uro=qvis xelsawyos sa-
keTebeli qva=CaquCi
stone ~ with an interseption welSi gamo-
yvanili ~ ~
two-sided ~ ormxrivi CaquCi/uro
hammered adj gamoWedili, naWedi
hammerer n urosmcemeli
hammering technique Wedvis teqnika
hamper(ing) v adj dabrkoleba,garTuleba
xelis SeSla/SemSleli
cold ~ civad kverva
forge into shape by ~ formis micema Caqu-
CiT WedviT
hand n v xelis mtevani; micema=Cabareba,
miwodeba,ostatis xeli
at/in sb’s hands vinmes xelSi
~ axe n xelculi
~ barrow/cart n xelis urika
~ book n samagido wigni,cnobari
~built WurWeli,romelic Tixis bawri-
seburi naWrebiT spiralurad
Sendeba
clenched ~ TiTebmokecili xeli
close(r) at ~ xelis gawvdenaze
~ cuffs n pl xelborkili
dab ~ gawafuli ~
~ full n muWi/peSvi(mag.wyali,Txili)
~grasping xelis Casavlebi
~ grip/hold n saxeluri,yuri
in ~ xelT
~ list n katalogi,CamonaTvali
~ made adj xelnakeTi,xeliT/tlanqad
naZerwi
~ mill n xelsafqvavi
on one ~ erTis mxriv
on the other ~ meores mxriv
~ out v Camorigeba
~ over v gadacema,miwodeba
~print xelis anabeWdi
~ to ~ fight xelCarTuli brZola
~ writing n xelwera
handicap n v dabrkoleba; xelis SeSla
handiwork n xelnakeTi
handle n adj saxeluri,tari,yuri;satare,
raime saxeluriani
handle(d) v marTva,marTuli,mowesrigeba
118
antler ~ irmis rqis saxeluri
basket ~ kalatis saxelurisebri
boast horned ~ rqisebri/rqebiani ~
canon-shaped ~ miliseburi Tarazuli
saxeluri
double-barelled ~ orluliani yuri
double-loop ~ ormagi ~
double-twisted loop ~ ormagi grexili ~
false ~ = lug cru tari/yuri
flat ~ brtyeli yuri
~ from shoulder to lip saxeluri azis tuCsa
da mxarze
furrowed ~ mrgvalganivkveTiani yuri
high loop ~ zeaweuli maryuJisebri ~
high-swang ~ zeaweuli ~
horned ~ Sverilebiani ~
insert a ~ saxeluris Camagreba
ledge/projecting ~ saxeluri=Sverili
~ like adj saxeluris msgavsi
~linking rim and shoulder saxeluri azis
piras da mxarze
loop ~ maryuJisebri saxeluri
ornamental ~ dekoratiuli ~
~ reaches over the mouth saxeluri scdeba
(zeviT) pirs
remain/stamp of a ~ saxeluris narCeni
ring ~ rgoluri saxeluri
spurred ~ dakbiluli ~
strap-like ~ Tasmisebri/lenturi saxelu
ri
strap-like ~ with an arris along it lenturi
yuri SuaSi wiboTi
strap-like ~ with a chute along it lenturi
yuri SuaSi wiboTi
~ top saxeluris/taris Tavi
trace of ~ saxeluris/yuris kvali/nar-
Ceni
twisted ~ grexili saxeluri(yuri/tari)
~ hoop ~ grexili yulfisebri ~
upswing ~ zeaweuli ~
weld a ~ saxeluris Camagreba liToniT
~ without ring gauxvretavi yuri
handled adj saxeluriani,yuriani
belly ~ WurWeli mucelze dasmuli sa-
xeluriT
handmade adj xelnakeTi
handmaiden n moaxle
handsom(ly) adj adv lamazi,mSvenieri,gu-
luxvi/guluxvad
handy adj gawafuli (xeli,xelosani)
handycraft(s) n Sinamrewveloba,xelnakeTi
nivTebi; xelosnoba,xelsaqme
 სარჩევი
handycraftsman n Sinamrewveli
~ on v qronologiis awyoba
~ up v dakideba
hanging n adj sakidi(ramis Camosakidad);
(Se)kiduli
~ rock kldis Sverili
hank n Zafis Sulo
hanker after sth wyurvili=survili ramis
haphazard(ly) adj SemTxveviT(i)
~ arrangement ~ mdebareoba
happen(s)(ed)(see date,dating,exist) v mox-
dena=xdeba=moxda
~ beyond the N cent/mill and onwards …
xdeboda N sauk/aTasw. mere da
iqidan moyolebuli
~ from the N cent/mill to the M cent/mill xde-
boda N sauk/aTasw-dan romelime
sauk/aTasw-mde
~ in the N cent/mill xdeba/xdeboda N sau-
kuneSi/aTaswleulSi
~ through N cent/mill ~ ~ N sauk/
aTasw. ganmavlobaSi
happening(s) n ambavi/ambebi
happily adv bednierad,sabednierod
happy adj bedniri
harbinger n macne,mauwyebeli
harbor n v navsayudeli,navsadguri,Ruz-
is CaSveba,TavSesafris micema,vin-
meze gabrazeba,wyenis damaxsovreba,
moicavs,maragis/wyaros(mag.kaJis)
qona qveyanaSi
harborside n navsadguri/sanavsadguro
hard adj adv mouqneli,magari,xami=uxeSi,
mZime,merqnisebri,Zneli,xisti;
bejiTad.magrad,mZimed,Znelad
~baked mSrali,mcxunvare,gadaxrukuli,
gvalviani
~ hearted adj gulqva
~wheat n adj magari xorbali/xorblis
=TavTuxi(s)
~ wood n samSeneblo xe-tye
harden v masis/xsnaris gamagreba=gaci-
eba=gamyareba,gamkvriveba,raime samSe-
neblo masalis xsnariT gamagreba
hardened adj gaciebuli=gamxmari=gamag-
rebuli masa
hardhearted adj gularZnili,gulmxeci,Se-
uvali
hardly adv odnav,Zlivs,Znelad
~ ever adv iSviaTad Tu.., odesme
hardness n simkvrive,simagre,siZnele,si-
xiste
hardship n sirTule,usiamovneba
119
hardships n pl gaWirveba=Znelbedoba
plung into ~ gaWirvebaSi Cavardna
harem n haramxana
harm(ed) n v adj ziani,dazianeba/daziane-
buli
harmonius(ly) adj adv harmoniuli/harmoni-
ulad
harmony n harmonia
harness n v cxenis misarTavebi,urmis/
cxenis Sebma,uReli,aRviri,aRviris
amodeba,aRWurviloba,abjari/abj-
ris Cacma,vinmes moTokva/daokeba,
qorwineba=SeuRleba
~ maker n saraji=unagiris ostati
~ the evidence monapovris Seswavla
harp(ist) n qnari=arfa; meqnare
harpoon n barji
harrow n v farcxi, dafarcxva
harrowing adj mtanjveli,saSineli,sulis
SemZvreli
harsh adj uxeSi,mkacri,xaoiani,Seubrale-
beli
~ climate mkacri klimati
haruspex/haruspices n sing/pl Lat. cxovel-
is Signeulobaze mkiTxavi
harvest n v rTveli,namkali,mosavali;mo-
savlis aReba
~ field n nawverali
hasp(see fastening,pin) n sakinZi
hassock(see tuff,tufa) n adj tufi(s),qviSaqva
qviSaqvis
haste adv aCqarebiT
hasty adj naucbaTevi,naCqarevi
hat n qudi
hatch(ing) v ger adj daStrixva; daStri-
xuli
~mark daStrixuli niSani sabeWdavze
hatched adj dastrixuli
rows of ~ triangles dastrixuli samkuTx-
edebis rigebi
hatchure n Strixi
haunch(es) n pl adamianis TeZoebi,cxove-
lis ukana barklebi;naxevarrkali,
qusli(raime detalis)
sitting on ~ Cacucquli
hauntingly adv gulmxurvale(d)
~appealing gulmxurvale(d) vedreba
have v qona,yola(yvela droSi)
~ a baby v mSobiaroba
~ got v qona/yola(awmyo droSi)
~ a power on sb gavlenis/Zalauflebis
qona vinmeze

~ in production warmoeba ramis
~ to=must v unda=valdebulia(awmyo
droSi)
havoc n ganadgureba,dacla,ngreva
haw n adj kuneli(s)
black ~ n adj Savi kuneli(s)
hawk n mimino
~ the superiority upiratesobis mopoveba=
qona
hay n adj Tiva/Tivis
~ cock n Tivis zvini
~ fork n saTive fiwali
~ loft n sabZeli
hazard n v riski
head n Tavi,sagnis wveri,meTauri,saTa-
uri,xelmZRvaneli,mamasaxlisi,winam-
ZRoli,gamge,ufrosi ramis,mTavari
adj mTavari
v gaZRola,dasaTaureba,meTauroba,sa-
TaveSi Cadgoma,warmarTva,xelmZRva-
neloba,gamgzavreba=gaeSuro sadme
back of the ~ kefa
~ band Tavsakravi zonari
chisel shaped ~ satexisebri Tavi
~ dress n Tavsaburavi,Tavsarqmeli,
Tmis (ga)sayofi
embossed ~ Semkuli ~ raime sagnis
~gear Tavsaburavi,Tavsarqmeli
~ of the family ojaxis ufrosi
openwork ~ Wviruli Tavi raime sag-
nis
~pointing….TaviT ...ken
raised ~ reliefuri ~ ~
representation of a ~ Tavis gamosaxu-
leba
~ rest n TavsasTumali(sawolSi)
rivet ~ manWvlis/moqlonis Tavi
~ stone n qvis baliSi(micvalebulis)
~ to ~ erTmaneTis pirispir
headed adj Taviani raime
~ by sb adv vinmes meTaurobiT
~ ~ sth adj sagani Tavze ramiT/da-
boloebuli ramiT
double ~ orTaviani
flat/plain ~ Tavbrtyeli
header(see bricking) n gani, yira
headless adj uTavo
heads(see coin) n pl monetis Subli
headwaters n pl mTavari wyaro,mdinaris
zemoweli/saTave
headway n winsvla
heaf n Zna
სარჩევი
heal v gankurneba/mkurnaloba;Wrilobis
moSuSeba/Sexorceba
healed adj gankurnebuli,Sexorcebuli
healer(see physician) n mkurnali
~ of the earth miwis mkurnali RvTaeba
healing adj ger samkurnalo,mkurnaloba
health(y) n adj janmrTeloba;janmrTeli/
jansaRi
heap n grova,zvinuli,yrili,xvavi
~ of uamravi
v dagroveba,daxvaveba
~ the mound smarxze borcvis
aRmarTva
~ upon another erTmaneTze dayra ramis
hearse n katafalki (ital.)
heart n guli(adamianis,cxovelis,qveynis)
wiaRi
~ land n qveynis (Sua)guli
~ of hearts gulisguli
~ shaped adj gulisebri
~ ~ cross ~ jvaredi
hearth n kera=keria,Sua cecxli,ojaxi,
saxli=fuZe
~ goddess adgilis deda
immovable ~ uZravi kera
one's ~ and home mSobliuri kera
portable ~ gadasatani/moZravi ~
heat(see hot) n v sicxe,simxurvale; gaT-
boba,gaxureba
~ proof adj TbogamZle,cecxlgamZle
heated adj gaxurebuli=gacxelebuli;ga-
cxovelebuli,cxare=cxoveli
~ heater n Rumeli=kaloriferi,gamxurebe-
li
Heathen = diokletiane
heathen n adj warmarTi(vinme);ulmobeli
heathenish adj warmarTuli
heathenism n warmarToba
heating adj ger gamaTbobeli,gamxurebeli
gaTboba
~ system gaTbobis sistema
Heaven n samoTxe dedamiwaze
heaven n (ze)ca
heavenly adj (ze)ciuri
~ body ciuri sxeuli,mnaTobi
~ hosts angelozni=zecis manaTobelni
~ king zeciuri meufe
heavily adv metismetad,Rrmad,mZimed,Zal-
ze,Zlier,uxvad
heaviness n inertuloba,mouqneloba,sim-
Zime
heavy adj mZime
120
 სარჩევი

~duty tools mZime/gamZle iaraRi hemi… pref. naxevari/naxevrad

~ road cudi gza
hecatombe(s) 100 cxovelis/xaris Sewir
va
hecatombion n hekatomba
hecatompolis=Creta asqalaqi
Hecatompylos=Thebes asWiSkriani
hedge n cocxali Robe
heed v gaTvaliswineba,yuradReba
heel n v (fexsacmlis) qusli; cxovelis
daWedva
bring sth to ~ ramis miyvana dasasrulam-
de=ganadgureba=dasruleba
heavy ~ Zlieri Cagvra
leave house~formost sikvdili=mokvda
under the ~ uRelqveS
heifer n dekeuli,uSobeli
height(s) n aRmavloba,maRlobi,simaRle
diminutive ~ dabali,sidable
in the ~ of fashion ukanasknel modaze
~ of reign zeoba=mefoba
on the ~ of some area maRlobebze,
mTebSi
heighten(ed) v adj amaRleba=simaRlis mo
momateba; amaRlebuli=simaRle-
Si,mateba,gaZliereba grZnobis
heir(ess) n memkvidre kaci/qali
helepolis/helepolim n sing/pl Lat. kedlis
sangrevi manqana
helix/helices n sing/pl Lat. xvia
Hell n jojoxeTi
burn in ~ jojoxeTSi dawva
the Harrowing of Hell jojoxeTSi STas-
vla
hell n qveskneli
Helladic adj eladuri
Hellenization n gaberZnuleba=elinizacia
Hellenize(d) v adj gaberZnuleba/gaberZnu-
lebuli
Hellenism n elinizmi
Hellenistic adj elinisturi
helm v saxelmwifos gaZRola/marTva
be at the ~ saxelmwifos saTaveSi yofna
take the ~ Caibaro saxelmwifos marTva
the man at the ~ mesaWe, saWeTmpyrobeli
helmed adj Cafxutiani
helmet n zuCi,muzaradi,CaCqani,Cafxuti
help(er) n v daxmareba/xelSewyoba; dam-
xmare,SemSvelebeli,Semwe
helpful adj damxmare,sasargeblo
helping n naWeri=ulufa
hem n arSia,qoba, jamis kalTa
hemitetartemorion/hemitetartemorioni n sing/pl
Lat. hemitetartemorioni(moneta)
hemp n adj kanafi(s),qereli(s)
hence adv amitom,amdenad,gamomdinare,
mogviano,aqedan..,Semdgom,Sedegad
henceforth=henseforward amieridan=aqedan
moyolebuli
henna n adj ina/inis (saRebavi)
hense adj conj aqedan moyolebuli,Sesa-
bamisad,Sedegad,amrigad,amgvarad,e.i.
heptagon(al) n adj Svidwaxnagi,Svidwaxna-
ga
heptarchy n Svidmefoba
herald n v malemsrboli,macne,moambe,ger-
bTmcodne,uwyeba/Setyobineba,mauwye-
beli,momaswavebeli
heraldic adj heraldikuri
heraldics/heraldry n gerbTmcodneoba=he-
raldika
herb n sakmazi/samkurnalo mcenare
herbivore adj balaxis mWameli cxoveli
herd(sman) n fara,jogi; menaxire/mejoge
herding n measqonleoba,mwyemsoba
here adv aq(ve)
~ dwells… aq gnisvenebs…
hereabout(s) adv aqve,axlos,gverdiT
hereafter adv Semdgom amisa..,SemdgomSi
hereditary adj memkvidreobiTi
~ feature ~ Tviseba/niSani
~ prince(ss) memkvidre ufliswuli
heredity n memkvidreobiToba
herein adv aq, amaSi(a)
~after qvemoT... Semdgom...
~lies Semdeg, aq modis...
herespice n cxovelis Signeulobaze mki-
Txavi
heresy n mwvalebloba=eresi=codva
fall into ~ codvaSi Cavardna
heretic(al) adj mwvalebeli/mwvanebluri,
eretikosi/eretikuli
Heritage=Jews n ebraelebi
heritage n memkvidreoba,tradicia
ample ~ mdidari ~
building ~ samSeneblo ~
cultural ~ kulturuli ~
intellectual ~ sulieri ~
scientific ~ mecnieruli ~
heritaged adj wina Taobebidan gadmocemu-
li=memkvidreobiT
heritance v memekvidreobiT miReba ramis
herma/hermae n sing/pl Gr.=herm(s) herma

121
 სარჩევი
hermaphrodite n adj hermafroditi
hermit(age) n gandegili, dayudebuli be-
ri,mRvimeli
hero(ic)(ism)(ine) n adj gmiri kaci;gmiru-
li,gmiroba; gmiri qali
~ cult n gmiris kulti
Herodian n vinme sastiki/Seubralebeli
out-Herod v gadaaWarbo herodes sisa-
tikeSi
heron=Ardeidae Lat. wero
hesitant adj saeWvo
hesitate(ion) v n orWofoba,yoymani
heterogeneity n araerTgvarovneba,sxvada-
sxvagvaroba
heterogeneous(ly) adj adv araerTgvarova-
ni/araerTgvarovnad,narevi,Wre-
li
hew v n (wa)Tla,Cexva,(gamo)kveTa,gaTla,
(ga)Corkna,gamoTla,Wra; Wde
hewn adj (gamo)Tlili/kveTili=nakveTi
hexahedral adj eqvskuTxa/eqvskuTxedi
hexahedron n eqvswaxnagi (sxeuli)
hexameter n heqsametri
heyday=hey day n ganviTarebis mwverva-
li=zeniti,zeoba,zeobis xana
have one’s ~ aRzevebis/zeobis xana
hiatus n sing/pl wyvetili
hibernate v gamozamTreba,umoqmedoba
hibernation n zamTris Zili
hidden adj (da)maluli/faruli,uxilavi
hide(see rawhide) n adj v tyavi bewviT/bew
viani tyavi; damalva,dafarva,ganZis
dafvla,mofareba
hideaway v ganZis samalavi
hideout n adamianis samalavi
hiding place samalavi, sidumlo sacavi
hierarchial adj ierarqiuli
non~ adj araierarqiuli
hierarch(ic)(y) n adj ierarqi,ierarqiuli,
ierarqia
~ stairs ~ kibe
hieratic n qurumi (egviptesa dasaberZneT
Si)
hieratica n wminda teqstebi
hierodoul n sataZro/taZris mona
hieroglyph(ic) n adj ieroglifi/ierogli-
furi
high adj adv maRali=didi; maRla
~ backed maRalzurgiani
~ blood wminda sisxliani/sisxlis
~ bred kargad aRzrdili adamiani,ji-
Siani cxoveli
122
~ brow(ed) SublmaRali adamiani
~ flown adj maRalfardovani
~ footed adj maRalfexiani
~ grade adj maRali xarisxi(ani)
~land terrain maRalmTiani/mTagoriani
~ land(er) adj n maRalmTiani; mTieli
~ lands n pl mTianeTi
~ office maRali=sapasuxismgeblo Tanam
deboba
~ pedestalled maRalfexiani
~ quality/standard maRali xarisxis
~ rank(ing) individual warCinebuli vinme
~ relief horeliefi
~ road n Saragza
~ skill daxvewili
~ society maRali sazogadoeba
~ standard maRalsinjiani(liToni)
~ stemmed adj maRalfexiani
~ swang zeaweuli
~ treason saxelmwifos Ralati
~ trunk maRaltaniani sveti/xe
~ water mark of… umaRlesi mwvervali
~ way n gzatkecili
highlight(ed) v adj gamoyofa/gamoyofili
an xazgasma/xazgasmuli sityva,gamo-
aSkaraveba,gamokveTa,warmoCena,xazga-
sma,didi mniSvnelobis miniWeba
n ramis gamoyeneba rogorc faqti
(magaliT,momenti)
highly adv amaRlebulad,didad,metisme-
tad,uxvad,Rrmad,Zalian,Zalze,Zlier
~ developed maRalganviTarebuli
~ priced ZviradRirebuli,Zviri; Zalze
dafasebuli/qebuli adamiani; naS-
romi romelmac maRali Sefaseba
daimsaxura
~ significant for… Zalze mniSvnelovani
~ sophisticated daxvewili
~ unlike daujerebeli
~ unlikely daujereblad,Znelad dasaje-
rebeli
highten v amaRleba ramis,simaRlis(mo)ma-
teba,gaZliereba,gaumjobeseba
hilani type adj hilanis tipis Senoba Tu-
qeTSi
hill n borcvi,gora(ki),maRlobi,mTa
atop ~ mTis wverze raime
~ fort n cixe-koSki mTaze
~ side/slope n ferdobi,mTis kalTa
steep ~ cicabo mTa
root of ~ mTis Ziri
~ top n mTis wveri
 სარჩევი

~ wash n mTis naSali toriisaTvis

hillock n SemaRleba swor reliefze= hit v dartyma, xelis kvra
borcvi/goraki hither and thither aq(ac) da iq(ac)
hills and dales mTebi da velebi hitherto adv aqamde=dRemde
hilly(ground) adj mTiani,mTagoriani ~ unknown dRemde ucnobi
hilt n saxeluris/taris Tavi Hittitology n xeTologia
~ pommel kotisTavi hive(see bee) n fuRuro
himation n himationi hoar n adj siZvele,sibere,mixrwnili,Wa-
hind(er) adj ukana Rara,WaRariT mosili
~ legs ~ fexebi ~ antiquity siZvele
~ quarter ~ meoTxedi beard ~ with age moxucis TeTri wveri,
~ part ~ naxevari mxciTmosili vinme
hinder v garTuleba,dabrkoleba,saqmis hoard n ganZi
gaZneleba,xelis SeSla great number ~ mravali nivTis Semcve-
~ part before ukana win li ~
hinderance n dabrkoleba hob n Taro buxarSi, kauWi
hindering adj xelis SemSleli hoe(see horn) n v Toxi, Toxna,margvla
hindermost adj sul bolo/ukana ~ blade n Toxis piri
hinge(see icon,tablet) n anjama bladed ~ basri Toxi
~ pin anjamis samagri Reraki ~ narrow-bladed ~ viwropiriani ~
hinny n jori ~ wide-bladed ~ farTopiriani ~
hint(ing) n adj niSani; maniSnebeli hoeing adj ger ToxniTi/saToxni;Toxna,
~ to v biZgi=miTiTeba=miniSneba margvla
hinterland n qveynis Sida mxare hog n kerati
hitermost adj uaxlesi ~ backed adj Sverilzurgiani
hip n barZayis Zvlisa da menjis SeerTe hogged adj amoburculi, amozneqili
bis adgili,TeZos Tavi ~ plate n umboni
hire(d)(ling) v adj n daqiraveba/daqiravebu hold v (war)marTva,xelT pyroba/qona,xe-
li; moqiravne (mag.jari) xelis Cavleba,xelSi dakaveba,Senar-
historic adj istoriuli Cuneba,saqmis gaZRola,mxardaWera,mi-
~ fabric istoriuli saxe ramisa devna,ganviTareba,miCneva
~ occasion ~ movlena ~ by v damagreba ramisa ramiT,CarCo-
Si Casma,CarCoTi daWera
historical(see setting) adj istoriuli/sais-
torio(is, rac dokumenturad da ~ by sb mosazrebis mxardaWera
dasturebulia) ~ in raime RonisZiebis gatareba/Catare
~ conditions istoriuli viTareba ba
~ framework ~ CarCo ~ in high esteem by sb didad dafaseba
vinmesi,pativiscema
~ realities ~ sinamdvile
~ in mind damaxsovreba,mexsierebaSi qo-
historicity n istoriuloba
na,xsomeba
history n istoria
~ in store daca/Senaxva sacavSi
bring an end to the~ vinmes/ramis istoriis
~ influence gavlenis qona vinmeze/rameze
dasruleba
~ more of (any country's) history mravlis-
dawn of ~ istoriis dasawyisi=proto-
istoria momswre qveyana(saqarTvelo)
have a/no bearing on ~ (ar)iqonia gavlena ~ on v saqmis gangrZoba
istoriaze ~ out v xelis gaSvera/gawvda(ara sama-
~maker istoriis Semoqmedi Txovrod)
recorded ~ damwerlobis gaCenidan ~ scepter mefoba=skiptris floba
da Semdgomi periodi ~ sth does not ~ water raRac ver uZlebs
the ~ of man(kind) kacobriobis isto- kritikas
ria ~sth by sth ramisTvis raime xelis mosa-
towards a ~ of sb/sth vinmes/raimes is- kidis gakeTeba

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~ to v miwodeba ~ place ~ adgili

~ together v erTad SeerTeba/Sekvra ~ Sacrament evqaristia
~ ~ with mortar (samSeneblo) xsnariT ~ Saturday didi SabaTi
Semtkiceba ~ Scriptures wminda werili
~ the view that… ganaviTaro raime azri ~ shrine ~ adgili
~ up v Seyovneba ~ Spirit suliwmi(n)da
~ veneration Tayvaniscemis mopoveba ~ Sepulcher (the) uflis saflavi
holder n damWeri xelsawyo=Stativi,pat- the descent of ~ ~ suliwmi(n)dis
roni ramis gardamosvla
holding n ger saijaro mamuli/ijara; ~Table uflis(wminda) taxti,sakurTxe-
pyroba veli
holdover n gadmonaSTi ~ Tree wminda xe
hole n xvreli,soro,ormo,naxvreti,nasv- ~ water aiazma
reti,foso,satare xvreli,xaro, ~ wine zedaSe
Rrmuli,naCvreti ~ Writ wminda werili
air/wind ~ sahaero xvreli/Saxti homage n mokrZaleba,pativiscema,valde-
stock ~ kazmis CasatvirTi xvreli buleba
v (ga)xvreta,daxvreta ramis home(cf.house) n saxli=kera,samyofeli,
~ for pouring WurWlis sadinari(mag.sa- samSoblo,ojaxi,ojaxoba,bina,adgi-
dRveblisa) li miCenili vinmesTvis/ramisTvis
swivel ~ saxsrovani SeerTebis bude v binadroba,dabinaveba
holed=holey adj daCvretili,daxvretili adv Sin
holiday(see vocations) n adj dResaswauli/ ~ art xelovnebis mcire nimuSi
sadResaswaulo;Svebuleba,ardade- at ~ Sin
gebi be ~ ~ gavrcelebuli,Cveuli,miRe-
Holiness n siwminde (bibl),wmindanoba buli,xmarebuli,Sesabamisi
one's ~ vinme(s) uwmindesoba ~ country mamuli=samSoblo
holirelics n pl wminda nawilebi ~ front omis zurgi
hollow n v adj (gamo)qvabuli,exi,mRvime,ta- ~grown adj adgilobrivi,(Sina)uri,Sin-
fobi,Rrmuli,Rru,xvreli; (amo)nag- nazardi
leji/natexi,futuro/fuye,gamofu- ~ land samSoblo
Ruroeba(mag.rqisa sayanwed) ~ less adj usaxlkaro,sabralo,oxeri
~ based fuZe/quslamoRarulii ~ made SinnakeTi
~ out v amongreva,amoRrueba ~ of samyofeli vinmesi/ramisa
wooded ~ tyiani tafobi ~ of civilization(s) civilizaci(eb)s akvani
hollowed adj gamoqvabuli,Rruiani,amoT- ~ sickness n miwis yivili=samSoblos
lili,amoRruebuli monatreba=nostalgia
holly=Ilex gen. Lat. n adj baZgi(s) (mc) ~ span adj Sin naqsovi
hollyhock=Altheae rosea Lat. n adj alTe(si ~ stead n komli,mamuli,saxleuli,saxl-
holocaust(see rite) n yvelafris dawvis kari
adaTi/wesi homey adj myudro
Holocene n adj holoceni feel ~ mSvidad=Tavi igrZno ise,rogorc
Holy n adj wmindani; wminda,uwmindesi,sa- Sin
zedaSe homicide n mkvleloba,mkvleli
~ Alliance wminda kavSiri Homilies n pl qadagebaTa wigni
~ city ~ qalaqi homily n qadageba
~ Land ~ miwa hominid n adamianis msgavsni=adamianTa
~ matrimony ~ qorwineba ojaxis wevri(primatebic da Tana-
~ of Holies uwmindesi uwmindesTa So- medrovenic)
ris,wmindaTawminda,uwmindesze hominy n RerRili
uwmindesi Homo ergaster=hominid hominidi
~ oil wminda zeTi homogeneity n erTgvarovneba

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substantial ~ of types tipebis myari ~ hord=horde n urdo

homogeneous adj erTgvarovani horehound n adj pirwminda(si) (balaxi)
hone n v salesi qva, (ga)lesva horizon n Tvalsawieri,horizonti
honest(y) adj n gulwrfeli,marTali,pa- horizon(less) adj usazRvro
tiosani; gulwrfeloba/siwrfele, horn n adj rqa/rqis; rqisebri Sverili
patiosneba,simar/Tle bent ~ dagrexili rqa
honey n adj Tafli(s) drinking ~ yanwi
~ comb n adj fiWa/fiWis; nuJri li- ~ hoe rqis Toxi
Tonze ~ less adj urqo
~ combed adj Jangisagan dacxriluli Horn of Plenty siuxvis rqa
liToni, an klde gamoqvabulebiT horse n cxeni, teqstis bwkaredi
~ farmer n mefutkre ~ and foot cxenosani da fexosani jari
~ moon n Taflobis Tve ~attachments/furniture cxenis mosarTave
wild ~ tyis/gareuli futkris Tafli bi
~ ~ farming tyis mefutkreoba bare-back ~ ubelo ~
honeysuckle=Lonicera gen. Lat. n adj cxra- bay ~ wabla ~
tyava(si) (mc) ~ breeding n mecxeneoba
honorary adj sapatio(direqtori/mdivani) brown(dark-brown) ~ Tafla cxeni
~ degree ~ wodeba cavalry(troop/war) ~ sabrZolo ; kavale-
honorific adj sapativcemo(d),pativsacemi, ria
pativiscemis gamomxatveli ~ chestnut=Aesculus hippocaustanum n
honour n v keTilSobileba,Tayvanis/pa- adj Lat. cxenis wabli(s)
tiviscema; dafaseba ~ cloth n ~ asali
~ anniversary wlisTavis aRniSvna pativ ~ collar n ~ uReli=caluReli
sacemad ~ comb n ~ savarcxeli
(designed) in the ~ (Seqmnili)vinmes pa draught/wheeler ~ Sua/Sesabmeli ~
tivsacemad… ~ drawn adj cxenSebmuli
It's sb' s ~ to do sth maqvs pativi… dry ~ fornis ~
honourble adj pativcemuli,pativsacemi fast ~ bedauri,taiWi
honoured adj pativcemuli ~ gear n lagami
~ sb moRvawe gelding n iabo
honours n pativi ~ guards cxenosani gvardia
hood(see cowl) n yabalaxi harnessed/seddled ~ Sekazmuli ~
hoof(ed) n adj Cliqi, Cliqosani ~ hear n adj Zua/Zuis
hook n ankesi,kauWi ~ herd n mereme
hookah n nargile ~ jade n lafSa cxeni
hooks n pl mamali dugma ~ larret n cxenis mosarTavis rgoli=mar
hook-shaped adj dugmisebri yuJi
hoop n brtyeli beWedi,gvergvi,rgoli, light ~ msubuqi kavaleria
rkali ~ man/woman mxedari/cxenosani kaci/qa-
half ~ naxevarrkali li
inner part of a ~ rkalis Sida mxare mare faSati,Waki
hooping(see binding) ger moWedva,SeWedva mare/vaulting ~ ulayi
hope n v imedi; imedis qona ~ master n cxenis gamxednavi
~ upon v imedis damyareba ~ nail ~ nalis lursmani
hoped adj nanatri outrunner ~ gverdiTi cxeni
long ~ didi xnis ~ pack ~ sasapalne ~
hopeful(ly) adj adv imediani,imediT savse; ~ race n doRi,marula
imedianad,vimedovneb... ~raddish n adj pirSuSxa(si) (mc)
hopeless(ly) adj adv uimedo(d) ~ rein-ring n cxenis sadavis rgoli
hopper n nalia, kazmis CasatviTi xvre- ~ reins n pl ~ sadaveebi
li ~ rider n mxedari, cxenosani

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~ radish(Colchlearia armoracia Lat.) n adj ena/enis (mc)

pirSuSxa(si) hour(ly) n adv adj saaTi, saaTobriv(i)
relay horses cxenebis Secvla gzaSi ~ glass n qviSis saaTi
~ riding ger cxenosnoba house(cf.home) n bina,saxli=Senoba,sad-
~ ~ tribe cxenosani tomi gomi,dacxovrisi,taZreuli(mag.bag-
Royal Horse Guard samefo gvardia rationTa saxlis)
seddle ~ samgzavro/sajdomi ~ cell ~ oTaxebiani saxli
shaft(thiller) ~ Sua=xelniani ~ corridor ~ saxli oTaxebiT derefnis
~ shoe n nali orive mxares
~ ~ shaped adj nalisebri curvilinear ~ mrudxazovani saxli
~ sleigh rides cxenSebmuli marxili ~of the dead micvalebulTa saxli
~ soldier n cxenosani meomari ~of gods RmerTebis saxli
~ stallion n ulayi pit ~ miwuri saxli
~ stealer n cxenis qurdi ~ serf n Sinamosamsaxure(ara moaxle
~ stealing ~ qurdoba treasure ~ ganZTsacavi(ara muzeumSi)
~ stirrup n uzangi wing corridor ~ minaSenebiani/frTebiani
~ tail=mare's tail n adj joriskuda(si)= saxli
SviTi(s)/Svita(Svitis), Equisetum v ger ganlageba,dabinaveba,moTavse-
gen. Lat. ba,inaxavs,itevs,Seicavs,binadroba
tather n cxenis sabmuri housed adj ganlagebuli,dabinavebuli,
thoroughbred ~ wmindasisxliani ~ moTavsebuli
winged ~ = Pegass frTosani ~ household n adj sameurneo ezo,saxloba,
horsts n raRacis minimaluri raodenoba saxleuli,ojaxi; sameurneo,saojaxo
ojaxuri,yofiTi,sameurneo,sakaro/ka-
horticultural adj sabaRe
risa
horticulture n mebaReoba
householding/keeping ger ojaxoba=saoja-
hose n mklavi(ara adamianis),sarwyavi mi
xo saqmianoba=ojaxis gaZRola
li
housing n sadgomi,sacxovrisi/sacxovre-
hospitable adj stumarTmoyvare,vargisi,Se-
beli,cxovrebis pirobebi,cxov-
saferisi
reba,binadroba
hospital(ize) n v saavadmyofo=qsenoni;sa-
hovel n qoxi,farduli,niSa qandakebisaT-
avadmyofoSi gadayvana
Tvis kedelSi
hospitality n stumarTmiyvareoba,stumar-
how pron. ranairad,rogor,ramdenad
maspinZloba
however conj. Tumc(a),magram,ra Tqma un-
Hossana n osana
da
Host(the) n sefiskveri
hub n samyaros/yuradRebis centri; yua
sacring bell at elevation of ~ amaRlebis
(ara puris)
zaris rekva
huge(ly) adj adv bumberazi,veeba,uzarmaza
Host(s) n pl zeciuri mxedroba
ri; Zalian,Zalze
Lord of Hosts angelozTa ufali
hull n gemis ConCxi; parkosani mcenaris
host n v laSqari, maspinZeli kaci,damxv- parki,parkosnebi
duri,adgilobrivi,maspinZloba human n adj adamiani; adamianuri,keTili
hostess n maspinZeli qali,diasaxlisi
~agency adamianis Zala,adamianuri sa-
hostage n mZevali mianoba/faqtori
hostile n adj v mteri;samtro,mtruli,mtr- ~animal composition adamiani-cxovelis
roba ornamenti(mag,kentavri)
~ relations mtruli urTierToba ~ being adamiani
hostility n dapirispireba,mtroba ~bird adamiani-frinveli
hot(see heat) adj gaxurebuli,cxeli ~ faced admianis saxiani/saxovani
~ debate cxare kamaTi ~ headed ~ Taviani
hotly adv cxlad,cxared ~occupation adamianis saqmianoba/nacx-
hound n meZebari ZaRli ovrebi,namosaxlari
hound’s tongue n adj ukadrisa(si)=ZaRlis ~ past kacobriobis warsuli

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~ sacrifice adamianis msxverplSewirva cell-like~ senakisebri ~

tool-using ~ adamiani,romelic ukve ~like structure qoxisebri nageboba
xmarobs raime xelsawyos palm-leaf ~ palmis foTlebiT nagebi
humanify(see humanize) v gaadamianeba qoxi
Humanities (the) n pl adamianis buneba/Tvi wattle-and-daub ~ facxa
sebebi; humanitaruli mecnierebani, hybrid adj Sedgenili,hibridi/hibriduli
romlebic Seiswavlis klasikur ~ figure hibriduli figura(mag.kentavri
enebs,literatures,mecnierebas hydria/hydriae n sing/pl Gr. hidria,minis
humanity n adamianoba,kacobrioba,humanu- sarwyuli
roba,adamianis buneba hydrogen sulphide adj gogirdovani
humanize(d)(see humanify) v adj gaadamiane hymn(see anthem) n sagalobeli,himni
ba/gaadamianebbuli Hymnal n himnebis krebuli-kondaki
humanly adv adamianurad hypaetral adj hipetraluri
humble adj v TavSekavebuli,sada,ubralo hyphen n tire
mokrZalebuli; moTokva hypholoma sublateritium Lat. n adj cru ma-
~ notion mwiri/Zunwi azri/warmodgena nWkvala soko
~ origin uTvistomo(ba) hypocrisy n TvalTmaqcoba,,pirmoTneoba,
person from ~ position mdabio warmomav- farisevloba
lobis adamiani hypocrite n TvalTmaqci,pirmoTne,farise-
humid(ity) adj n nestiani,notio;sineste,si veli
notive hypogeum n miwisqveSa saTavsi
humiliate(ing)(ion) v adj n damcireba,damam- hypostyle adj hipostiluri
cirebeli hypothesis n hipoTeza
hump(ed) n adj kuzi(ani) hypothesize v hipoTezis gamoTqma
humus n adj neSompala/neSompalis hypothetic(al)(ly) adj adv savaraudo(d),hi-
hundred num adj asi poTeturi/hipoTeturad
hundreds adj aseulobiT
~ upon ~ ~ da ~ I
hung adj dakidebuli,Camokidebuli iamb(ic) n adj iambi, iamburi
hunt v nadiroba ibis=Threskiornis n ibisi-isidas frinveli
~ scene nadirobis scena ibis/ibides,ibis n Lat. ZenZeruki,yajari
hunter n monadire Ice Age myinvaruli xana
~ gatherer n ~ Semgrovebeli ice(see icy) n adj yinuli(s)
hunting adj ger sanadiro, nadiroba ~ box/house n sayinule
~net v sanadiro bade icon n xati
~patterns nadirobis wesebi/Temebi ~ frame-work/setting xatis moWediloba
hunters’ house monadireTa sadgomi ~ image n portretuli gamosaxuleba
hurdle-work adj tyruSuli hinged ~ karedi xati
hurdy-gurdy n arRani ~ honouring xatis Tayvaniscema
hurt v daSaveba=tkena,Tavmoyvareobis Se- ~ lamp n kandeli,lampari xatis win
laxva(siamayis,Tavmoyvareobis),wye- ~ painter xatmweri,fermweri
nineba ~ painting xatwera
hurted adj daSavebuli,daWrili,nagvemi,na ~ room saxate
cemi iconic adj portretuli,kanonikuri
husband n qmari iconoclast n xatmebrZoli
~ man mkvidri mosaxle iconography n ikonografia
husbandry n miwaTmoqmedeba in ~ ikonografiiT,ikonografiuli
animal ~ mesaqonleoba respective ~ Sesabamisi ikonografia
poultry ~ mefrinveleoba iconostass n kankeli
silkworm ~ meabreSumeoba icy(see ice) adj civi,yinulovani
husk(s) n pl CenCo idealize(d) v adj gaidialeba/gaidialebu-
hut n qoxi li

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 სარჩევი
identical adj msgavsi,toli/swori
nearly ~ TiTqmis erTnairi
identifiable adj is,risi (amo)cnobac SeiZ-
lebanacnobi/cnobili
~ as cnobili,rogorc…
identification n gansazRvra,gansazRvreba,
vinaoba
~ with sb/sth gaigiveba vinmesTan/rames-
Tan
identified adj gansazRvruli,garkveuli
archaeologically ~ arqeologiurad da-
dasturebuli
~as… ~ miCneuli/wodebuli rogorc
~by… (gamo)icnoba raRaciT
confidently ~ damajereblad/sandod da
dgenili
not ~ gaurkveveli,ar/ver gansazRv-
ruli
identify v amocnoba,gansazRvra,garkveva,vi
naobis dadgena,mikuTvneba,proeq-
tis Sedgena,gamoyofa.gamovlena
~archaeologically arqeologiurad dada-
stureba
~sb/sth by sth dadgena/gansazRvra ra-
ime niSniT
~with sb/sth gaigiveba vinme/ramesTan
identifying adj ganmsazRvreli
identity n erTnairoba,TviTmyofadoba,kuT
vnileba,TavisTavadoba,msgavseba,
saxeli,vinaoba,.mdgomareoba
~ of interests interesTa Tanxvedra
ideographic adj xatovani
idol n kerpi
~ place n sakerpe
idolater/idolatress n kerpTayvanismcemeli
kaci/qali
idolatorous/idolatory adj kerpTayvanismcem-
luri
idolizarion/idolize n v kerpad qceva
idyle/idyllic n adj idilia,idiliuri
ie=i.e.=that is to say e.i.=eseigi
if conj Tu
if not more so u meti/ukeTesi ara
if not sth aramcTu
ignoble n adj qvena grZnoba; arakeTilSo-
bili
ignorance n arcodna=ucodinroba,gau-
naTlebloba,umecreba,uwignuroba
ignorant adj gaunaTlebeli,uvici,umecari,
uwignuri,arasmcodne,warmarTi
ignore v gverdis avla,Tavidan acileba.
ugulvebelyofa,yuradRebis miuqce-
vloba,gverdis avla,Tavis arideba/
128
morideba,gamoricxva,yuradRebis mi-
Rma datoveba
ignored adj gamotovebuli,yuradRebis mi-
Rma datovebuli
ILHMC abbr. enimki
iligible adj misaRebi,sasurveli,Sesaferi
(si)
ill(ness) (see sick) adj avad(myofi),avadmyo-
foba
~ fame cudi saxeli (aqvs gavardnili)
~ famed avadsaxsenebeli,cudi saxel-
is mqone
~ suited for… umaqnisi
the ~ avadmyofebi(xalxi)
illegal adj arakanonieri,ukanono
illegiance from…to… qveSevrdomoba
illegible adj aramkveTri/gaurkveveli nawe-
ri,ucnobi
inscription/text is ~ warwera/teqsti ar
ikiTxeba
illegibly adv gaurkvevlad (naweri)
illegitimacy n ukanonoba (ramis)
illegitimate adj ukanono
~ child ~ Svili
Illion=Willion n ilioni
illiteracy n uwignuroba,anbanis arqona
illiteral/illiterate adj wera-kiTxvis ucodina-
ri
illuminate v xelnaweris Semkoba feradi
naxatebiT, axsna,ganmarteba
illuminating adj ganmartebiTi
illumination n TavsarTi(teqstis)
Illuminator n ganmanaTlebeli(mag.wm. nino)
illuminator n mxatvari ilustratori
illusive adj iluzoruli
illustrate(d) v adj dasuraTeba/dasuraTebu-
li,Cveneba,ilustrireba/ilustri-
rebuli,asaxva/asaxuli
~by sth asaxuli ramiT
illustration n ilustracia
for ~ of… sailustraciod ramisa
stanning ~ of the point naTeli dasturi
ramisa
illustrative adj sailustracio
image n gamosaxuleba,gansaxiereba,saxe,
Sesaxedaoba,kerpi,saxe=warmodgena,
fantazia,figura,gamosaxuleba
crude ~ uxeSi gamosaxuleba
mirror ~ zusti asli,anarekli
in sb's own ~ gonebiT warmodgena
imagery n gamonagoni,warmodgenebi(gone-
bis),warmosaxviTi gamosaxuleba,
 სარჩევი
gamosaxulebebi bevri/ramdenime
religious ~ religiuri warmodgenebi
imaginable adj is,risi warmodgenac SeiZ-
leba
imaginary adj (ga)mogonili,ararealuri,
fantaziis nayofi
imagination n gonebiT warmodgenili ram,
fantazia,STagoneba,warmodgena,
warmosaxva
in the ~ warmosaxvaSi
imagine v gonebiT warmosaxva/warmodge-
na
difficult to ~ Zneli warmosadgenia,warmo-
udgenelia
imbed v SerWoba,Casma
imbrex/imbricis n sing/pl Lat. wvimis sawre-
ti Tixis Rari,Rariani kramiti
imbricated adj qerclisebri
imbue(d) v adj gaJRenTva/gaJRenTili,pku-
reba/napkurebi,gamxneveba,Segulian-
eba,cru rwmenebiT gajereba
imfact on v zegavlena
imitate v mibaZva,wabaZva,imitacia
imitating… v imeorebs
imitation n asli,minabaZi,mibaZva
in ~ of … mibaZviT…
imitative arts n ferwera
Immaculate Conception umanko Casaxva
immature adj arasrulwlovani=bavSvi,da-
uxvewavi,dauRvinebeli,zrdaus-
ruli,moumwifebeli,umwifari
immeasurable adj ganuzomeli
immeasurably adv ganuzomlad
immediate adj pirdapiri(mag.memkvidre),
uSualo/uaxloesi(naTesavi/sagani)
swrafi,dauyovnebeli,myisieri
immediately adv maSinve,dauyovnebliv,
swrafad
immemorial adj uxsovari drois
from time ~ ~ droidan
immence adj uzarmazari,uzomo,grandi-
ozuli
immencely adv Zalze,metismetad
immencity n sidide,sidiade,grandiozu-
loba
immerse(ion) v n Cafloba,CrdilSi Ses-
vla,(mo)naTvla wyliT/wyalSi
imminent adj gardauvali
immolate(ion) v n Sewirva,samsxverplos
dakvla
immortal(ity)(ize) adj n v ukvdavi,ukvdaveba
ukvdadavyofa
immovable(see hearth) adj uZravi
129
~ holiday uZravi dResaswauli(mag.Soba)
~ property ~ qoneba
immovably adv uZravad
immure(d) v adj dagmanva/dagmanuli,kede-
lSi Cataneba/Catanebuli,CaSe-
neba/CaSenebuli
impact on/upon v gavlenis moxdena rame-
ze,dartymis miyeneba,zemoqmedeba,
biZgi,gavlena,zemoqmedeba,Sejaxeba
increase ~ gavlenis zrda/mateba
~on sth gavlenis moxdena rameze
reduce ~ ~ kleba/Semcireba
impale v sarze gasma,gangmirva
~enemy mtris moqceva alyaSi
impart sth with sb vinmesTvis ramis gazi-
areba=saziarod
impartial(ity) adj n miukerZoebeli,samarT-
liani;miukerZoebloba/samarTli-
anoba
impede v xelis SeSla,gaxda raRac Se-
uZlebeli,Semkavebeli raime
~ recognition of eg shape SeuZlebelia
formis garkveva
impel v aiZulo imoqmedos,gamowveva,iZu-
leba
imperfect(ly) adj adv araswori/arasworad,
arasrulyofili/arasrulyofilad
imperial adj imperiis,imperiuli,imperato
ris,suverenuli,uzenaesi
imperium maritimum Lat. batonoba zRvaze
impetus n biZgi, impulsi
implant v danergva,Canergva(ara mxolod
mcenaris)
implausible adj daujerebeli
implement n v xelsawyo=sameurneo iara-
Ri,mowyobiloba; aRsruleba,gan-
xorcieleba,momarageba,Sesruleba
~ an idea azris gatareba,Canafiqris
ganxorcieleba
implementation n aRWurva,ganxorcieleba,
Sesruleba
~ unit momaragebis ganyofileba
implication n gamoxatuleba,mniSvneloba,
Tanamonawileoba
~for sth azri/mosazreba ramis Sesaxeb
implicit(ly) adj adv arapirdapiri/arapird-
apirad,upirobo(d),sruli morCileba
implied adj nagulisxmevi
impluvium n Lat. impluviumi
imply v gulisxmoba ramis,miTiTeba,mo-
Txovna
impenetrability n udrekoba,Seuvaloba,Se-
uRwevadoba,gauvaloba,miudgomloba
 სარჩევი
impenetrable adj gauvali,Seuvali,SeuR-
weveli,miudgomeli,gaumtari
impenetrably adv udrekad,Seuvalad
imperfect(ion)(ly) adj n adv arasrulyofi-
li,uvargisi; arasrulyofileba,
nakli,codva; (ara)srulad/srul-
yofilad,cudad
imperialty n xelmwifeba
imperishable adj gamZle(is,rac ar/ver nad
gurdeba),ukvdavi,uxrwneli(gvami)
~ glories maradi/ukvdavi dideba
~ magnificence ~ ~ didebuleba/sidi-
ade
imperishably adv uxrwnelad
impersonal adj upirovno, upiro
implausible adj daujerebeli,simarTlis
Seusabamo
imply v gulisxmoba,varaudi
imponderables n pl gamousadegari=rame-
rumeebi
import(ation)(ed)(er) v n adj n Semotana
(qveyanaSi),Semotanili,Semomtani
importance n mniSvneloba,saWiroeba
place~ on sth mniSvnelobis micema rami-
sTvis
sb of great ~ mniSvnelovani pirovneba
singular ~ gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelob
sth of great(no/small)~ raime didi/mcire
mniSvnelobis, umniSvnelo
~ ~ minor ~ ~ naklebmniSvnelovani
~ ~ outstanding ~ ~ gamorCeulad
mniSvnelovani
~ ~ paramount/prime ~ pirvelxaris-
xovani(gansakuTrebuli,udide-
si) mniSvnelobis,uaRresad mniSv-
nelovani
important adj mniSvnelovani,mTavari,saxe-
lovani
less ~ naklebmniSvnelovani
utterly ~ uaRresad mniSvnelovani
very ~ Zalze ~
vitally ~ sasicocxlod ~
importantly adv mniSvnelovnad
impose v Tavs moxveva,xeldasma,xarkis
dadeba/dakisreba,dadgena,saweseba
imposing adj mdidruli,STambeWdavi
imposition n xarkis dakisreba,xeldasma,
dadgena,daweseba
impossibility n SeuZlebloba ramis
impossible adj SeuZlebeli
impost n adj v TaRis qusli,gadasaxadi ;
di; xarki(s); xarkis dakisreba
~ seaing impostis dasadgmeli adgili
130
imposted adj xarkdadebuli
imposter n TviTmarqvia,cru(mag.mefe)
impotent adj uunaro/susti(mag.mefe)
impoverish(ed) v adj gaRaribeba/gaRaribe-
buli,gaRatekeba/gaRatakebuli,ga-
nadgureba,sarCo-sabadeblis warT-
meva, uRimRamo
impracticable adj gamousadegari,saxmarad
uvargisi,SeuZlebeli,gamuxorci-
elebeli,Seusrulebeli
imprecate v (da)wyevla
imprecation n wyevla
imprecise adj arazusti
impregnable adj daumorCilebeli,miudgo-
meli(mag. bastioni)
impregnant v ganayofiereba,daorsuleba,
gajereba ramiT
impress n v anabeWdi;daWdeva,STagoneba,
amotvifvra,aRbeWdva,STabeWdile
bis moxdena,moxibvla,aRfrTovaneba
~ on Cagoneba,Canergva,STagoneba
impressed adj amotvifruli,daWdeuli,na-
Wdevi
impression n STabeWdileba,gamosaxuleba
gamoxatuleba,anabeWdi
create ~ STabeWdilebis Seqmna
indelible ~ waruSleli STabeWdileba
impressionistic adj impresionistuli
impessive adj gamomsaxveli,metyveli,STam
beWdavi
~ demonstration metyveli suraTi/gamo-
xatuleba
imprint(ed) n v gamosaxuleba/anabeWdi,nak
valevi,anatvifri,anasaxi,kvali;
amotvifvra,aRbeWdva
~ on a towel xelTuqmneli xati
imprison(ed)(ment) v adj n dapatimreba/da-
patimrebuli,patimroba
improbable adj SeuZlebeli=warmoudge-
neli,daujerebeli
improbably adv SeuZleblad=warmoudgen
lad
improper(ly) adj adv (ara)wesieri/wesierad
(ara)swori/sworad,miuRebeli/mi-
uReblad
improve(d) v adj gamosworeba/gamoswore-
buli,gaumjobeseba/gaumjobesebuli
impulse n biZgi,impulsi
ultimate ~ Zlieri ~
impure adj minarevebiani=arasufTa/xalasi
impurities n pl minarevebi
imput to sth mieweros,mieniWos
in prep …Si
 სარჩევი
~ situ Lat. uZravi,xeluxlebeli
inability n uunaroba
inaccessibility n miudgomloba
inaccessible adj miudgomeli,miuwvdomeli
inadequate adj Seusabamo,araswori
inadvertently adv zereled,uyuradRebod,
SemTxveviT
inalienable(see untouchable) adj xelSeuva-
li
~ museum values ~ samuzeumo fase-
ulobani
inanimate adj usulo
inappropriate adj arasaTanado,Seuferebe-
li
inaptly adv uadgilod,Seufereblad
inattention n uyuradReboba
inattentive adj uyuradRebo
inaugural adj sainauguracio
~ lecture Sesavali leqcia
inavoidable adj is,rasac Tavidan ver aci-
leb
inavoidably adv uciloblad
inborn adj bunebrivi=Tandayolili
incalculable adj auwonavi,fasdaudebeli
incantation n jado sityva,Selocva,wyev-
la
incapable adj uunaro,ver SemZle ramis
incarnate v winaparTa gamosxva/gamoCena,
gardasaxva,inkarnacia
incarnated adj gardasaxuli,gansaxierebu-
li,xorcSesxmuli
incarnation n gardasaxva,inkarnacia
inch n cida=2,8 sm
~one’s way through…gzis gakvalva,neli
moZraoba=winsvla
incense n adj v gundruki(s),sakmeveli/sa-
kmevlis; sakmevlis kmeva
incentive n wamaxalisebeli,xelSemwyobi
incest(uous) n adj incesti; incestSi dam-
naSave,incestis Camdeni
incidence n SemTxveva
incidental(ly) adj adv SemTxveviT(i)
incise(d) v adj dakeWna/dakeWnili,daserva/
naseri,amokveTa,daWdeva/daWdeuli
inkrustireba,amotvifvra
~features naWdevi saxeebi
incision n Wde,naseri,inkrustacia
inclement adj Seubralebeli vinme,mkacri/
usiamo klimati
incline(d) v adj (ga)daxra,midreka,mimxro-
ba; damreci,gadaxra,daxriloba
~to do sth gatacebuli ramiT,midreki-
131
li
inclination n daxriloba,simrude
include(d) v adj Setana/Setanili=CarTva/
CarTuli(naSromSi,saqmeSi),mikuT
vnebuli
including adj Semcveli,maT Soris.,CaTvla,
Semcveli,maT Soris,CaTvliT
inclusion n CanarTi,SemoerTeba,CarTva
inclusions n pl minarevebi
incoherent adj araTanmmdevruli,Seusaba-
mo,fSvnadi
incomparable adj Seudarebeli,ubadlo
income n v Semosavali,Semosvla
incomer n imigranti
incoming adj Semavali,Semomavali
incompatible adj SeuTavsebeli,Seusabamo,
gamousadegari
incompatibility n SeuTavsebloba,Seusabam-
oba
incomplete(d)(ly) adj adv arasruli=naklu
li; usruli=dausrulebeli;ara-
srulad,usrulad,daudevrad
incompleteness n arasruliba,usruloba,
daudevroba
incongruous adj Seusabamo,gamousadegari
inconsequential adj uadgilo,Seusabamo
inconsistency n araTanmimdevruloba,Seu-
sabamoba
inconsistent adj Seusabamo
icorporate(d)(ing)(ion) v adj n gaerTianeba/
gaerTianebuli,SeerTeba,CarTva/Car-
Tuli,mierTebuli,momcveli,Semava-
li,gawevrianeba,momcveli/moicavs
incorporeal adj usxeulo=uxorco
incorrect(ly) adj adv araswori,arasworad
inconsequential adj umniSvnelo
inconsistence n SeuTavsebloba
inconsistent adj SeuTavsebeli
inconvenient(ly) adj adv mouxerxebeli,ux-
erxuli/uxerxulad
increase(d) n v adj (ga)zrda,(mo)mateba,mo-
moZleba,gazrdili,momatebuli,mo-
lebuli
increasing adj mzardi,zrdadi,moZalebu-
li,mometebuli
ever ~ mudmivad mzardi
~in complexity mzardi/zrdadi sirTule
~in number mzrdi raodenoba
~in popularity mzardi popularoba
~ in size zomiT/zomaSi gazrdili
increasingly adv mzardad,mometebulad,
ufro da ufro,Zalze
~used farTo gamoyeneba
 სარჩევი
incredible adj araCveulebrivi,gamaognebe-
li,warmoudgeneli
incredibly adv saocrad
incredulous adj vinme undo=skeptikosi
incrustate(d)(ion) v adj n inkrustireba/ink
rustirebuli,inkrustacia
incubus/incubi n sing/pl Lat. boroti suli
inculcate v Canergva=STagoneba vunmesT-
vis ramisa, danergva ramis
incurable adj (gan)ukurnebeli
incursion n Tavdasxma,SeWra sadme
incut v adj CaWdeva/CaWdeuli
indebtedness n movaleobis grZnoba,val-
Si yofna,valis qona
indeed adv marTlac(rom...),Tumc(a)
indecipherable adj gaurkveveli (xel)nawe-
ri
indecisive adj orWofuli,gaubedavi,moyoy-
mane,uSedego
indefiniable adj aramkveTri
indefiniably adv aramkveTrad
indefinitable adj aramkveTri,ganusazRvre-
li
indefinitably adv aramkveTrad.ganusazRv-
relad
indefinite adj bundovani,gaurkveveli,ganu-
sazRvreli,daudgeneli
indelible adj waruSleli
leave ~ mark on history waruSleli kva-
lis datoveba istoriaSi
identical adj msgavsi=identuri
identified adj damowmebuli,gansazRvruli
identity n msgavseba,identuroba
indepedence n damoukidebloba
independent(ly) adj adv damoukidebeli,da-
moukideblad
indestructible adj urRvevi
index/indices n sing/pl Lat. saxelTa saZi-
ebeli wignis bolos,danarTi
indicate v gamovlena,gansazRvra,gamoxat-
va,gulisxmoba ramis,dadasture-
ba,miTiTeba/miniSneba,mianiSnebs.
niSnavs..,azris Camoyalibeba,gamo
xatuleba
indicated adj naCvenebi
indicating adj maCvenebeli raRacisa
indication n gamoxatuleba,gansazRvra,das
turi,maCvenebeli ramisa,mauwyebe-
li,niSani,sabuTi
the most telling ~ mWevrmetyveluri gamo-
xatuleba ramisa
indicative adj gamomxatveli,ganmsazRvre-
li,maCvenebeli
132
indicator n maCvenebeli,niSani
indigenous n aSkara,adgilobrivi,bunebr-
ivi,Tandayolili,mkvidri,ZirZveli
~ civilization ZirZveli civilizacia
indirect(ly) adj adv arapirdapiri/arapirda
pir(ad),iribi/iribad
indiscriminately adv ganurCevlad
indispensable to/for aucilebeli,gamonak-
lisis gareSe,savaldebulo
indisputable adj udao
indisputably adv udaod
indistinguishable adj ganurCeveli,ganusxva-
vebeli raRacisgan,vergasarCevi
indistinguishably adv ganurCevlad=ver ga-
arCev,ganusxvaveblad
individual adj n erTeuli,erTpirovnuli,
kerZo,calkeuli; pirovneba
~ finds calkeuli aRmoCenebi
~ interested dainteresebuli piri
potentially identifiable ~ realuri pi-
rovneba
individualistic adj calkeuli,kerZo,indivi-
dualisturi
individually adv (erT)pirovnulad,saTiTa-
od
indoctrinate v STagoneba=Cagoneba
indomitable adj mouTokavi,mouxelTebeli
~ spirit daumorCilebeli/mRelvare su-
li
indoor(s) adj adv Sin(a), SenobaSi,WerqveS
induce(ment) v n iZuleba; biZgi,ramac az
ri dabada,zemoqmedeba
indulge v Cafloba
~ in sth v nebivroba ramiT
indulgence n SeRavaTi,Semwynarebloba
indulgent in… Semwynarebeli
industrial adj sameurneo,sawarmoo
~ activities ~ saqmianoba
industry n warmoeba
ineffective adj araefeqturi,uSedego,umoq-
medo
inequal adj Seusabamo,uTanabro,uTanaswo
ro
inequality n Seusabamoba,uTanabroba,uTa-
nasworoba,gansxvaveba
legal ~ uflebrivi uTanasworoba
inescapable adj garduvali,udao,gverds
rom ver auvli
inevitable adj gardauvali,ucilobeli,aS-
kara,aucilebeli
inevitably adv uciloblad
inexhaustible adj amouwuravi,daucxrobe-
 სარჩევი
li,dauSreteli,uSreti
inexorable adj Seubralebeli,ulmobeli,
sastiki,udreki,uryevi,Seuvali
inexorably adv Seubraleblad,ulmoblad,
sastikad,adrekad,uryevad,Seuvalad
inexperienced adj gamoucdeli
inexpertly adv ucodinrad,dauxvewavi xe-
liT/gamoucdelad gakeTeba ramis
inexpressible adj eniT (gamo)uTqmeli; is,
risi gamoxatvac eniT SeuZlebelia
inextinguishable adj uqrobi
inextricable adj abneuli,areuli,rTuli,
gadauWreli,gamouvali,CaxlarTuli
inextricably adv abneulad,areulad,gaurk-
vevlad,gadauWrelad,CaxlarTulad
infamous adj avadsaxsenebeli
infancy n Cviloba,arasrulwlovaneba,ra-
mis sawyisi/Canasaxovani mdgomare-
oba(mag.metalurgiis)
in ~ adv CvilobaSi
Infant(see Special) n yrma ieso
infant n bavSvi,yrma,Cvili
infanta n mefis asuli
infante n mefis Ze=ufliswuli
infantryman n qveiTi meomari
infect v dasnebovneba,mowamvla
infer v varaudi
inference n adj daskvna,savaraudo
draw ~ on sth daskvnis gamotana
inferior adj damokidebuli,qveda,qvemdgomi,
cudi,qveSevrdomi,xelqveiTi
~ quality dabali xarisxi(s)
inferno n jojoxeTi
infill n v Semavsebeli, Sevseba
Infinite(the) n uleveloba,usasruloba
infinite(ly) adj adv ukidegano(d),usasrulo
(d),usazRvro(d)
inflexible adj udreki=ara drekadi
inflict v Tavs moxveva
~defeat on sb gawirva damarcxebisaTvis
~evil on sb mouvlino vinmes avi/boroti
~pain tkivilis miyeneba
influence n v (ze)gavlena
artistic ~ mxatvruli ~
come/fall under ~ gavlenis qveS moxvedra
decline of ~ gavlenis Sesusteba
exposed to the ~ of sb/sth vinmes/ramis ga-
vlenas damorCilebuli
extend the ~ gavlenis gavrceleba,gafar-
Toeba
gain ~ ~ mopoveba
funnel ~ liTonis gaciebisas warmoq
133
mnili Rrmuli
hold ~ gavlenis qona rameze
immediate ~ uSualo ~
sb open to ~ from sb vinmesgan vinmeze
gavlenis advilad moxdena
sphere of ~ ~ sfero
through ~ gavleniT
under ~ ~ qveS
~ upon sb/sth gavlena vinmeze/rameze
~ washed across (gavlenam) waleka
influenced adj is,razec moxdenilia (ze)
gavlena
~ by sb/sth vinmes/ramis (ze)gavleniT
influential adj gavleniani.wonadi
influx n Semosvla(garedan),SemoWra,Sere-
va, mdinareTa xerTvisi
inform v gacxadeba,gamocxadeba,gagebine-
ba,Setyobineba,moxseneba
information n ambavi,sakiTxi,Setyobineba,
cnoba,informacia
~ about/on cnoba ramis Sesaxeb/rameze
on the basis of ~ raime cnobis safuZ-
velze
informative adj sainformacio,informaci-
uli
infomatory adj sainformacio
informity n cnobebi,informaciuloba
infrastructure n Senobis miwisqveSa nawi-
li
infrequency n simcire,naklebi sixSire
~ of finds masalis/nivTebis simcire
infrequent(ly) adj adv iSviaTi, iSviaTad
infuse v aRanTo vinme siyvaruliT,sulis
STaberva,gacocxleba
ingenuity n gamomgonebloba,ostatoba
ingot n zodi,namzadi,sxmuli
ingredient n raime nazavis erT-erTi Se-
madgeneli masala
ingrain v danergva,Canergva
~deeply Rrmad Canergva/fesvgadgma
inhabit(ant)(ed) v n adj binadroba,dasax-
leba,cxovreba; binadari,mcxovre-
bi; dasaxlebuli
inhere(nt)(ly) v adj ekuTvnis; memkvidre-
obis miReba; (Tan)dayolili/Sezr-
dili,memkvidreobiTi,damaxasiaTebe-
li,Cveuli; (mTeli)arsebiT,safuZvel
Sive,ZirSive,Cveuli
~ significance damaxasiaTebeli niSani
inheritance n memkvidreoba
~ law samemkvidreo kanonmdebloba
~ tax samemkvidreos baJi
 სარჩევი

inhuman adj araadamianuri,boroti,ugr- ~ side Sida/ukuRma piri

Znobi ~ silver-plate Sida movercxvla
inhume(ation) v n damarxva=inhumacia innocence n udanaSauloba,ucodveloba
initial adj v amosavali,dawyebiTi,pirveli, innocent n adj udanaSaulo,ucodveli
pirvandeli,(pirvel)sawyisi; minima- innovate(d) v adj aRdgena/aRdgenili,ga-
luri,xelmowera marto iniciale- axleba/gaaxlebuli
biT innovation n siaxle
~ knowledge minimaluri codna ramis innovative adj axali,axleburi,ganaxleba-
~ letter gvar-saxelis pirveli asoebi= di
didi asoebi innumerable adj uTvalavi
~phase sawyisi faza input n wvlili
~primary stage sawyisi etapi imprecise(ly) adj adv arazusti/arazustad
~ script didi asoebiT naweri; asomTav- aramkveTri/aramkveTrad
ruli inquire(r) v n mbis gageba, (mo)kiTxva; is,
initially adv dasawyisidanve,dasawyisSi= vinc ambavs kiTxulobs
pirvelad,Tavidanve inroad n Tavdasxma
initials n pl inicialebi=gvar-saxelis ~into territory SeWra teritoriaze,Tav-
pirveli asoebi dasxma
initiate(d) v adj dawyeba/dawyebuli=wamowy insatiable adj gaumaZRari,dauokebeli,ras-
eba/wamowyebuli,inicireba/inici- me mowyurebuli
rebuli,saZirkvlis dadeba insatiably adv gaumaZRrad,dauokeblad,mo-
initiation n iniciacia wyurebulad
initiative adj sainiciacio insatiability n gaumaZRroba,dauokebloba,
~figure gandobili(vinme) mowyurebuloba
initiator n sulisCamdgmeli,wamomwyebi, inscribe(d) v adj dawera/dawerili,wawera/
iniciatori wawerli,warweris amokveTa/gake
injuction n firmani Teba,aRwera,Cawera,Caxazva; (saga-
injure(d) v adj dazianeba,daSaveba=ramis ni) warweriT
tkena,daSavebuli,natkeni inscription n warwera
injury n ziani alphabetic ~ anbanuri ~
ink n adj melani/melnis bears/bearing ~ …aqvs ~
~ poit/stand n samelne bilingual ~ biligva=orenovani ~
inlaid design inkrustacia building ~ samSeneblo ~
inland n adj qveynis Sida nawili(s)/Signi commemorative ~ samaxsovro ~
far/further ~ siRrmeSi/Rrmad qveyanaSi dating ~ damTariRebeli ~
~ sea Sida zRva decorative/ornamental ~ ~ samkauli
inlay with v mooWva,Semkoba dedicatory ~ miZRvnis/naCuqrobis warwe-
~ ~ stones TvlebiT mooWvili/Semku- ra
li eulogistic ~ saxotbo ~
inlet n v Riobi,Sesasvleli ;SeSveba,Se- fresco ~ freskuli ~
moSveba highflown ~ maRalfardovani ~
innate adj bunebrivi,Tandayolili ktitor's=donator’s ~ qtitoris ~
~eloquence laparakis niWi,enamWevroba lapidaries ~ lapidaruli ~
~ truth WeSmariteba majuscule ~ (qarTuli)asomTavruli
inner adj Siga,Sida,Sina(gani) minuscule ~ (qarTuli)nusxa-xucuri
~ ceiling yuTis saxuravis Sida zedapi- (kuTxuri/mrgvlovani)
ri obliterated ~ waSlili ~
~ face Sidapiri WurWlis pointileè ~ wertilovani ~
~ gold-plate Sida mooqroveba prayer ~ mosaxsenebeli ~
on the ~ side ukuRmidan,Sida mxares rock ~ kldeze gakeTebuli ~
~ part of an arch rkalis/TaRis Sida mxa ~ runs as followes… warwera gvamcnobs…
re insect n mweri

134
 სარჩევი
insecure adj (ara)sando/saimedo,daucveli
be~ about sth ar endo/iyo darwmunebu-
li rameSi
insecurely adv (ara)myarad/saimedod,dau-
cvelad
inseparable adj ganuyofeli,daunawevre-
beli;is,rac ar/ver danawevr-
deba
inset n v CasarTi,samkaulSi Casasmeli
Tvali; Casma,Camagreba
insert v Semotana=danergva,Cayeneba,Camag-
reba,Cadgma,Casma,xvrelis amovse-
ba,garemoSi/ornamentSi Cawera/Ca
xazva rameSi,Tvlis Casma budeSi
rCilviT Casma
inserted(see insert) adj Semotanili=da-
nergili,Cayenebuli,Camagrebuli,
(Tval)Casmuli,amovsebuli,Cawerili
insertion n CanarTi,Casasmeli Tvali
insertions n pl minarevebi
inside n adj adv SigTavsi,WurWlis Sida-
piri=sarCuli; Signi(Ta);Signi(T)
on the ~ Signidan,Sida(zeda)pirze
~ uot Sidapiri gareT=ukuRma piri
insight n gamWriaxoba,mixvedriloba,intu-
icia,arsSi wvdoma,SorsmWreteloba
~ into v wvdoma (arsSi)
insightful adj gonivruli,Rrma
insignia n sing/pl insignia
insignificance n gaurkvevloba,bundovane-
ba=umniSvneloba ramisa
insignificant adj araarsebiTi,gaurkveveli,
umniSvnelo
insipid adj uintereso
~ food ugemuri sakvebi
insipidely adv uinteresod
insist v daJineba,gajiuteba
~ on doing sth daJinebiT moTxovna ga-
akeTos vinmem rame
insistant(ly) adj adv daJinebuli/daJinebiT
jiuti/jiutad
insofar adv imdenad,rom...,imdenad,ramde-
nadac…
insomuch as… radgan…
~ that… imdenad,rom…
inspect(ation) v n zedamxedveloba,Semow-
meba
~ round v Semovla Semowmebis mizniT
inspected adj Semwmebuli
ispectorate n zedamxedveloba
inspiration n STagoneba
inspire(d) v adj gavlena=gamowveva=waqeze
135
ba;gamowveuli,waqezebuli,
STagoneba,Sulis STaberva
~ by adj gamowveuli/ganpirobebuli ra-
miT.STagonebuli
sth ~ suggestion raRacam warmoSva azri
install(stion)(ed) v n adj awyoba/awyobili,
dadgma/dadgmuli,dayeneba/dayenebu-
li,nageboba,mfed dasma vinmesi
instance n movlena,SemTxveva
for ~ magaliTad
in ~ raRac SemTxvevaSi
instantly adv dauyovnebliv,xSirad
instead adv samagierod
~ of magier/magivrad ramisa
isthmus n yeli(mag.panamis arxi),gadabmis
adgili
instigate v Segulianeba,waqezeba,xelis
Sewyoba ramisTvis
instill v (raime) azris CawveTeba
institute(d)(ion) v adj n daweseba/dawesebu-
li,dadgena/dadgenili,damkvidreba/
damkvidrebili,SemoReba/SemoRebuli,
dawesebuleba,wyoba,instituti/institu-
cia
~ of marriage qorwinebis instituti
institutional adj instituciuri
institutionalize(d) v adj Camoyalibeba,Camo-
yalibebuli
institutionally adv instituciurad
instruct v ganswavla,mecadineoba,wrTvna
vinmesi
instructive adj sagulisxmo,Wkuis saswav-
lebeli
instrument n musikaluri sakravi,samedi-
cino instrumenti
killing ~ mokvdinebis iaraRi/saSualeba
stringed ~ simebiani sakravi
instrumental adj xelSewyobi
instuck v gaWedva=CaWedva=CaWedeba
insubstantial(ly) adj adv usafuZvlo(d)
insufficient(ly) adj adv arasakmarisi/sakma-
risad,arasruli/srulad,gamousa-
degari,Seusabamo(d)
insulate(ing)(ion) v adj n gamocalkeveba,
izolacia,izolireba,saizolacio
insult v damcireba,Seuracxyofa,wyenineba
vinmesi
insulting(ly) adj adv damamcirebeli,damam-
cireblad
insure sth v uzrunvelyo rame
insurgent n adj ajanyebuli,mowinaaRmdege
insurrection n ajanyeba
intact adj mTeli,dauzianebeli,xeluxle-
 სარჩევი
beli(nivTi,samarxi,fena),ucvleli
intactly adv uvneblad,xeluxleblad
intaglio/intagli n sing/pl Lat. intalio
intake v monawileobis miReba
intangible adj gamousadegari,usaxuri
integral adj arsebiTi,ganuyofeli
integrate(ed) v adj gaerTianeba.gaerTiane-
buli,CarTva/CarTuli
~ in context konteqstSi CarTuli
intellectual(see development,heritage) adj su-
lieri, inteleqtualuri
~ climate ~ ~ garemo/klimati
intelligible adj advilad gasagebi,gonivru-
li,naTeli
intelligence n ganaTleba,ganaTlebuloba,
codna,inteleqti,dazverva
intelligencia (the) n pl inteligencia
intelligent adj ganaTlebuli,gonieri,san-
domiani,Wkviani
intend v ganzraxva=daapiro ramis gake-
Teba; qalis daniSvna
intended adj gamiznuli,ganzraxuli,Ca-
fiqrebuli
intense(ly) adj adv cxare,cxoveli,daZabu-
li/daZabulad,mkveTri,mZafri/mZaf
rad,mZlavri
intensify v gamkveTreba,gaZliereba,daZabva
gamZafreba
intensity n simkveTre,sixSire,siRrme,daZa-
buloba,simZlavre(mag.namosaxlaris)
intensive(ly) adj adv intensiuri/intensi-
urad
~ studied intensiurad Seiswvleba
intention n ganzraxva,miswrafeba,swrafva,
Canafiqri
with ~ of … ganzraxviT…
intentional(ly) adj adv winaswarganzraxviT.
gamiznuli/gamiznulad
inter pref. Sida…
interact(ion) v n urTierToba,urTierTqme-
deba,urTierTkavSiri,zemoqmedeba
mutual ~ urTierTzemoqmedeba
interbreed/bred v adj Sejvareba/Sejvare-
buli
interceding adj mlocveli,mavedrebeli,Se-
bralebis/Sewyalebis mTxovneli
intercession n Suamdgomloba
intercept v mibaZva,Seviwroveba vinmesi
interchange(able)(ably) v adj adv urTier-
Tgacvla(monacvle/monacvleobiT
interconnect(ed)(ion) v n adj urTierTkav-
Siri/dakavSirebuli,erTmaneTSi ga-
mavali
136
intercourse v urTierToba
interdependent adj urTierTdamokidebuli
interest n v interesi,daintereseba
arise ~ interesis aRZvra/gamowveva
have ~ in sth interesis qona,daintere-
seba
lose ~ in sth ~ gaqroba/dakargva
main point of ~ interesis mTavari
sagani
sth of great ~ uaRresad saitereso
interested adj dainteresebuli
~ in ~ ramiT/rameSi
interesting adj saitereso
interestingly adv sainteresoa, rom...
interests n pl interesebi
in ~ of sb vinmes interesebSi
interface between… sazRvari/gamyofi or
rames Soris
interference n zemoqmedeba bunebaze/Careva
interim adj Sualeduri
~ director/president moqmedi=movaleobis
droebiT Semsrulebeli
~ government droebiTi mTavroba
in the ~ drois monakveTi movlena
interior(see internal) n adj interieri; Siga/
Sidazedapiri/nawili qveynis
in the ~ Signi ramis,anda qveynis
on the ~ Sidapirze (mag.WurWlis)
~ world (qveynis) Sida nawili/samyaro
interlaced/lacing adj grexili,urTierTga-
daxveuli,Cawnuli,Caxveuli
interline v sogmanis Casma/CarWoba
interlinking n adj urTierTkavSiri/dakavSi
rebuli
interlocking adj (urTierT)gadaWdobili/da
mokidebuleba/CaWideba
interlude n wyvetili=antraqti
intermarriage n Sereuli qorwineba
intermediary adj saSuamavlo,Sualeduri,
Suamavali
intermediate adj raime Sualeduri=saSu-
alo zomis, gardamavali
take an ~ stand Sua(leduri) adgilis
dakaveba
interment n v samarxi, dakrZalva
make ~ dakrZalva
simple pit ~ ormosamarxi
intermingle(ing) v adj Sereva(mag.ferebis),
gadaxveuli,Sereuli
intermittent(ly) adj adv naxtomi(sebr),wyve-
tili/wyvetilad
intermontane adj mTebs/mTebSi moqceuli
 სარჩევი

internal(interior) adj Siga/Sida,Signi(dan) intestines n pl Signeuloba,nawlavebi

~ strife Sinaomi
internally adv Signidan
internecine adj urTierTgamanadgurebeli/
momakvdinebeli
interpersonal adj adamianebs Soris…
interplay v n urTierTkavSri
interpret v axsna,sxvagvari gageba/wakiTx-
va,gaazreba,ganmarteba,miCneva,Tar-
gmna,teqstis gansxvavebuli redaq-
cia,ambis gadmocema(amokiTxva/gaaz
reba)=gaSifvra,axsna
interpretation n Tvalsazrisi,Sefaseba,ga-
azreba,axsna,daxasiaTeba,miCneva,
Targmna,mosazreba,naazrevi,gan-
marteba,axsna
a tricky ~ brZnuli/eSmakuri gansazRv-
ra
interpreted adj axsnili,gaazrebuli,gan-
martebuli,miCneuli,wakiTxuli,
gadmocemuli,amokiTxuli
interpreter n mTargmneli,interpretatori
interre v damarxva=Camarxva,dakrZalva
interregional adj qveynis kuTxeebs Soris,
SidakuTxuri
interrelated adj urTierTdakavSirebuli
interrelation n urTierTdamokidebuleba/
kavSiri; (kavSir)urTierToba
interrelationship n urTierTdamokidebuleb
interrer n mesaflave
interrupt(ed)(ion) v adj n (Se)wyveta/wyveti-
li
intersect(ing)(ion) v adj n urTierTgadakve-
gadamkveTi,gadakveTis adgili,gza
jvaredini
intersepted adj raime sagani welSi gamo-
yvanili
intersite adj Zeglze,Zeglis Signi
intersperse v galamazeba,morTva,Sereva
raime nivTebis
interspersed adj mimobneuli,mimofantuli
interstice n viwro gasasvleli,naprali
intertwine(ed) adj gadajaWva/gadajaWvuli,
gadaxveva/gadaxveuli
interval n wyvetili,Sesveneba,manZili
at regular ~ Tanabar manZilze
intervene(ing) v adj urTierTSereva/Sere-
reuli,gardamavali,saqmeSi Careva
intervened adj erTmaneTis gverdiT/miyo-
lebiT
intervent(ion) v n monawileoba,Suamavloba
interweave/woven v adj Caqsova qsovilSi;
urTierTCawnuli/Caxveuli,dawnuli
intimately adv mWidrod,ubralod,megobru
lad,piraduli
~associated axlo/megobrulad dakavSi-
rebuli
intimidate v muqara,daSineba
into prep. …Si
intolerable adj autaneli,miuRebeli,mouT-
meneli ram
intolerance n Seuwynarebloba
intra (see …inter) pref. Sida…
intraburial adj samarxTaSorisi
~ space ~ sivrce
intraclan adj Sidagvarovnuli
intraethnic adj SidaeTnikuri
intramural adj kedelSi Catanebuli/CaSe
nebuli
intrasite adj Zeglze, Zeglis Sida/Signi
intrepid adj gabeduli,didebuli,uSiSari
intricate adj Tavsamtvrevi,rTuli,Rvlar-
Wnili,CaxlarTuli,gaurkveveli
~nature rTuli buneba ramis
intriguing adj sainterso,sayuradRebo,gamo
rCeuli
intrinsic(ally) adj adv WeSmariti,WeSmari-
tad,namdvili/namdvilad
~ nature of sth raRacis ~ buneba
introductory adj gacnobiTi,Sesavali
~ speech Sesavali sityva
introduce(d) v adj gacnoba vinmesTvis vin-
mesi/ramisa,(Se)motana=SemoReba,
gavrceleba,danergva,Semosvla,ga
cnobili,danergili,warmoCena
introduction n Sesavali (naSromis)
intrude(r) v n SeWra/SemoWra sadme; (Se)
momtani,vinme/rame Semosuli
intruder n dampyrobeli,SemoWrili vinme
intruse(ion) v n SeWra=Sereva;Semosvla/Se
moWra,moulodneli gamoCena,amo
frqveva
intrusive adj moulodneli gamoCena/Semo-
Wra,SemoWrili,Semotanili
inundate v walekva,Cafloba
inundating adj Cafluli
~withi mountains mTebSi Cakarguli
invade/invasion v n Tavdasxma
invaluable adj fasdaudebeli
invariable adj uamravi,ucvleli
invariably adv ucvlelad
invective n adj wyena, mamxilebeli
inveigh v lanZRva/Seuracxyofa vinmesi
invent(ed) v adj gamogoneba/gamogonili

137
 სარჩევი
(mag.radio),sityvis Seqmna(mag,ro-
noda)
~ name saxelis Seqmna raime movle-
nis/sagnisaTvis
invention n gamogoneba
inventive adj gamomgonebluri
inventor n gamomgonebeli
inventory n v nusxa,inventari; aRnusxva
inverse adv v uku; azris gadabruneba/da-
maxinjeba
invert(ed) v adj gadabruneba; amobrunebu-
li,gadabrunebuli,Tavdayira,pir-
qve,uku,Sebrunebuli
invest(ment) v n Tanxis micema=daxmareba
Ddaxarjuli/danaxarji(fuli/Sroma)
~ authority ZalauflebiT aRWurva vin-
mesi
~of effort/labour daxarjuli mcdeloba/
Sroma
~energy Zalisxmeva
invested adj aRWurvili
investigate(d) v adj (gamo)kvleva/kvleuli,
Seswavla/Seswavlili, Zieba=
kvleva
investigation n (gamo)kvleva
in the ~ kvlevaSi
investigator n mkvlevari
investiture scene saritualo Cacmis scena
inveterate adj fesv/fexmokidebuli,Zvel-
Ta-Zveli
invigorate v gardaqmna,gaZliereba
~into empire gardaiqmna imperiad
invincible adj dauZleveli
invisage v gaTvaliswineba,warmodgena
invisible adj uCinari,uxilavi,SeumCneveli
invitation n dapatiJeba,mowveva
invite v dapatiJeba,mopatiJeba,miwveva/mow-
veva,yuradRebis mizidva
invited adj dapatiJebuli,mowveuli
inviting adj mimzidveli
invocate(ion) v n sulis gamowveva
invoke v Selocva,vedreba,mowodeba,sule
bis gamowveva
involve v CarTva/Careva raime saqmeSi
~ sth v Seicavs rasme
involved adj CarTuli,Careuli,CaxlarTu-
li,gaugebari,garTulebuli
~in doing sth misdio raime saqmianobas
involving adj Semcveli,momcveli,saWiro-
ebs,moiTxovs
involvement n gamomgonebloba,Tanamonawi
leoba
138
inward(s) adv Sig(ni)(T)
face ~ iyureba Signi
Iranianize(d) v adj iranizacia,iranizebul
irate adj mrisxane,mZvinvare,gabrazebuli
iridescent adj moelvare=irizebuli,mobi-
bine
iris n adj feradi garsi(s), zambaxi(s)
irisated adj moelvare=irizebuli
iron n adj v rkina/rkinis, uTo,uTooba
~ bound adj rkiniT SeWedili
broad distribution of ~ rkinis farTo ga
vrceleba
~ ~ ~ ~ ore(s) ~ sabadoeb-
is simravle/siWarbe
first trickle of ~ pirveli/uadresi gamo-
Cena
~ founding rkinis saxelosno
fully ~ using ~ sruli aTviseba
great expansion of ~ use rkinis farTo
gamoyeneba
introduction of ~ technology rkinis da-
muSavebis teqnologiis gacnoba
meteoritic ~ meteoruli rkina/rkinis
~ ore/store madneuli rkina
~ plating n ger rkinis sakerveli,rkin-
niT dakereba
~ stone n adj rkinaqva/qvis
~ using ger rkinis gamoyeneba
~ working ger ~ damuSaveba
mastering of ~ ~ daxelovneba rkin-
is damuSavebaSi
irreal adj warmosaxviTi
irrealizable adj auxdeneli,ganuxorciele-
beli
irrecoverable adj aunazRaurebeli,gamous-
worebeli,ganukurneli
irrefutable adj udao
irregular adj arawesieri,aramudmivi,uTanab
ro,uswormasworo,uwesrigo
irregularity n uswormasworoba,aramudmi-
voba
irregularly adv uwesrigod,uswormaswo-
rod,aramudmivad,arawesierad,uTa-
nabrod
irrelevance=irrelevancy n adj umarTebulo-
ba,Seusabamoba
irrelevant adj uadgilo,umarTebulo,ud-
roo,Seusabamo,gamousadegari
irreligion n uRmerToba,urwmunoba
irreligious adj urwmuno,uRmerTo
irreplaceable adj Seucvleli
irreproachable adj miuwvdomeli=Seudare-
 სარჩევი

beli,uzado storage ~ maragis Sesanaxi dergi

irrespective of sth damoukideblad,miuxeda- jasmine n adj ucveTela(si) (mc)
vad imisa,Tu ra… jasper n adj iaspi(s),iaSma/iaSmis,liditi
irresolute adj orWofuli (s)
irrevocably adv samudamod,ukan daubruneb javelin n oroli=Subi
lad ~ thrower Subis mtyorcneli
irrigate(ed)(ing) v adj (mo)rwyva,morwyuli, jaw n yba
sarwyavi lower ~ qveda ~
irrigation n adj (mo)rwyva,sarwyavi upper ~ zeda ~
~ ditch sarwavi arxi jaws n pl (cxovelis) xaxa
Islam(isation) n islami(zacia) ~ wide open xaxadaRebuli
island n kunZuli jealosy n eWvi
isolate(d)(ion) v n (gamo)yofa/calkeveba, jerk v mzeze gamoyvana
ganmxoloeba,madnidan gamowurva ; Jesuit n adj iezuiti
erTeuli,calkeuli Jesus(see Christ,God) ieso
isolated adj erTeuli,calkeuli,marto, jet(see jade) n adj giSeri/giSris
gamocalkevebuli
~ black adj kupriviT Savi
~ case(s)/example(s) erTeuli SemTxve-
~ spout wyarod moedineba
va/SemTxvevebi,nimuS(eb)i
jewellery n Zvirfaseuloba=samkauli,
asosceless adj tolferda samkuTxedi
saiuveliro saqme
issue n Sedegi=gamosavali,gamocema=naS
gold ~ oqrouloba=oqros samkauli
romTa krebuli,naSromi,Semosavali
silver ~ vercxlis samkauli
sakiTxi
job n samuSao,samsaxuri
v gamoSveba(fulis,wignis,Jurnalis)
~ title n Tanamdeboba,samsaxurebrivi
italicize(d) v adj kursiviT gamoyofa/wera, wodeba
kursiviT gamoyofili,naweri jock-strap n mamakacis samosis nawili,
italics n pl daxrili asoebi teqstSi romelic icavs sasqeso organoebs
item n sagani,nivTi,nimuSi brZolis/Sejibris dros
craft ~ xelosnobis nimuSi join v SeerTeba,mimagreba,mierTeba,mibma,
fry/small items wvrilmani gadabma
ithyphal(ic) adj iTifaluri ~ sb SeuerTde vinmes saqmeSi
itinerary n ganrigi,gzamkvlevi ~ sth gaxde raime organizaciis wevri
ivory n adj spilos Zvali/Zvlis jockey v motyueba/gacureba vinmesi
Ivrit n ivriTi joined adj SeerTebuli
ivy n adj suro(si),faTalo(si) ~ by sth ramiT ~
closely ~ mWidrod dawyobili
J ~ edge to edge piri-pirze SeerTebuli
jacket n garsi,qerqi,kostumi joiner(see carpenter) n durgale,xiTxuro
jade(see jet) n adj giSeri/giSris,nefriti joint n adj saxsari(adamianis/cxovelis),
(s),Jadeiti(s) wkiri; erToblivi,koleqtiuri,Seer-
Tebuli,gaerTianebuli,nakeri,Seer-
jagged adj (kideeb)dakbiluli,raime kbi-
Tebis adgili
lebiani nivTi
bed ~ piri-pirze SeerTeba
~terrain mTagoriani mxare/qveyana
horizontal ~ SeerTebis Tarazuli xazi
jail n v sapyrobile,cixe; cixeSi Casma
~ line SeerTebis adgili=nakeri liTon-
~ for life samudamo patimroba
ze,nakeris xazi
jailer n cixis zedamxedveli
vertical ~ SeerTebis Sveuli xazi
jamb n karis amyoli,wirTxli,sayrdeni
jointing method SeerTebis xerxi
January n ianvari=surwyunisi-=apani/ap-
jointly with sb vinmesTan erTad
nisi
joist n dire,koWi,nivniva,Zeli
jar n dergi,dora,yuriani sura,doqi,qo-
co,uyuro qila floor bearing(bridging) ~ CarCo,romelzec-
daigeba ficris iataki
~burial n qvevrsamarxi

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 სარჩევი
jostle v brZola(Zalauflebis/Tanamdebo-
bisaTvis)
journal n Jurnali
journey n v mgzavroba,mogzauroba
jubilee n iubile
jubiliant n iubilari
jubiliate(ion) v n iubiles aRniSvna
Judah's tree n adj arRavani(s)=iudas xe/
xisA
judge n v mosamarTle; gansazRvra,gark-
veva,gansja,gasamarTleba
~ as… gansajo/CaTvalo rogorc…
~ by/from sth gansja ramis mixedviT
~to be miCneva vinmesi/ramisa vinmed/ram
ed
Judgement Day gankiTxvis dRe
judgement n azri,mosazreba,Sexeduleba,
Sefaseba
jug n saRvine,doqi,qvevri,qusliani qila,
qvabqoTana
juice n wveni
July n ivlisi=quelTobai=kvirikobisa/
mkaTaTve
jump n v naxtomi,xtoma
junction n adj gzajvaredini,nakeri li-
Tonze; Semkrebi
~ line SeerTebis adgili=xazi
juncture n SeerTebis/gadabmis adgili
~ of circumstances garemoebaTa damTxve-
va/Tanxvedra
June n ivnisi=Tibisai=vardobisa/mari-
Junifer-berry n adj Rvia, Juniperus gen. Lat.
junior(see senior) adj umcrosi
junx n jadosnoba=jadoqroba
jurisdiction n iurisdiqcia
jury trial system nafic msajulTa sasama-
rTlo
just adj adv marTali,miukerZoebeli,sama-
rTliani; es-esaa,zustad,mxolod,
swored,ubralod
~ as iseve rogorc..,zustad ise ro-
gorc…
~ because of mxolod imitom,rom…
~ for the sake of… imitom/imis gamo,rom
~ cited axlaxan/es-esaa CamoTvlili
~ mentioned ~ naxsenebi
~ now axla(xans)
justice n samarTali,samarTlianoba
justification n gamarTleba,dasabuTeba,das-
turi
justified adj gamarTlebuli,dasabuTebu-
li
140
justify v gamarTleba,dasabuTeba
jutted out adj amoweuli
juvenile n 4 wlamde bavSvi
juxtapose v dafeneba,ramis dadeba ramis
gverdiT,ramis ramesTan Sedareba
juxtaposed adj gverdi-gverd,erTierTmane-
Tze,ori/meti nivTi erTad…
~ with raime ramdenime ramesTan erT-
ad,Sedarebuli rame ramesTan
juxtaposition n urTierTSedareba,ganlage-
ba,mdebareoba
K
kados/kadoi n sing/pl Gr. Widan wylis amo
saRebi WurWeli
karst(ic) n adj karsti,karstuli
katholikos n Gr. kaTolikosi=kaTalikosi
keen adj basri,maxvili,gamocdili,daos-
tatebuli,cxare,pikanturi,Zlieri
(qari,yinva,tkivili,dardi),gamZaf-
Zafrebuli,gamWoli mzera,imedga-
crueba
~interest didi/cocxali interesi
~ on sth mowoneba ramis
~ to do/on doing sth mowadinebuli,dain-
teresebuli,Zlier moyvruli ra-
mis,miswrafeba,Zlieri survili
gaakeTo rame
~ sight n maxvili Tvali/mzera,kargi
mxedveloba
kennel n bunagi
keep n v calke mdgomi koSki; Senaxva,
dacva,SenarCuneba,Semonaxva
~aware of sth saqmis kursSi yofna
~ doing sth saqmis gangrZoba
~to function moqmedeba
~ in order wesrigSi qona(yvelafris)
~ on v gangrZoba (rasac akeTeb)
~ safe v gadarCena,dacva,Senaxva
~ silence v siCumis dacva
~to themselves iyo SenTvis/TavisTvis
keeper n muzeumis/fondebis mcveli
~ of the State Seal saxelmwifo/samefo
beWdis mcveli=mordari
keeping ger dacva,daculoba, Senaxva
kept adj daculi,Senaxuli,xelSeuvali
~ safe daculi,gadarCenili
kerb n v bordiuris qva/qvebis dawyoba,
kide raime sagnis
kerchief n Tavsafari
kernos/kernoi n sing/pl Gr. marani
kernel n kakalis lebani,Txilis guli
~of truth simarTlis arsi/guli
 სარჩევი

kettledrum n dafdafi, litavra (berZ) Kingdom of Heaven (the) sasufeveli

key n v adj gasaRebi;gadamwyveti,mTavari, kingdom n samefo
sakvanZo, gaxsna ramis,Casma rameSi coalescing ~ gaerTianebuli ~
~ information mTavari monacemi/cnoba ~ come saiqio,suleTi
~ note adj sakvanZo/ZiriTadi azri forge ~ gaWirvebiT Seqmna samefosi
~ ~ speech misasalmebeli sityva underwater ~ wylisqveSeTi,wyalqve-
~ motif/pattern mTavari motivi(ornamen- Sa ~
tis) kingfisher n alkuni,Warli, Alcedinidae
~ stone n TaRis Sua qva,kuxis/Camketi fam, Lat.
qva kingly adj mefuri,xelmwifebrivi
~ to n amoxsna(gasaRebi/pasuxi)ramis kingpin n samsWvali
Khevsurian shirt xevsuruli talavari kinship n sisxliT naTesavi/naTesauri
Khezhrat Nashim (Jewish) galerea sina- kinsman/men n naTesavi/naTesavebi
gogaSi kiss v ambori,kocna
kid n cikani ~ the ground miaxleba,umdablesad Ta-
kidnap v adamianis motaceba vis dakvra
kidney n Tirkmeli kit n eqimis (zurg)CanTa
~bean n adj lobio(si) kitchen n samzareulo
kill v dakvla,daxocva,(mo)kvla ~ debris/rubbish samzareulos nagavi/na-
kill-off adj gamqrali,aRararsebuli rCenebi
kill-on impact v gavlenis ganeitraleba ~ garden n bostani
kiln (see furnace) n Tuni,qura,Rumeli ~ middenculture samzareulos narCene-
kilned adj gamomwvari bis kultura
kin n naTesavi ~practice samzareulo saqmianoba
~ and discent relationship sisliT da gva- knap n v borcvi,mTis wveri,Camomtvreva,
riT naTesaoba qvis damuSaveba(atkecva,Camotexva)
~ relationship naTesaoba,naTesauri knapper n qvis mtvreveli xelosani
sb without kith or ~ uTvistomo knapping ger qvis kodva/mtvreva
kinship n sisxliT naTesaoba/naTesauri, knead(ed) v adj (mo)zelva,dazelili/mo-
axlobloba,siaxlove zelili
kind n adj saxeoba; keTili,sasikeTo,gul knee n muxli
Tbili,gulkeTili,kargi ~ cup n kviristavi
~ economy naturaluri meurneoba ~ deep adj siRrme muxlamde
one of the ~ erTi aseTi... ~ length n sigrZe ~
sth of this ~ amgvari knee holly n adj Tagvisara,merxli (mc)
kindly adv Tbilad=keTilad kneel/knelt down v adj daCoqeba,daCoqili
kindred n adj naTesavebi/naTesaoba,gvari, kneeler n frontonis sayrdeni
ojaxi,tomi; monaTesave knell n samgloviaro zaris rekva
~culture/soul monaTesave kultura/suli knick-knack n samSvenisi
king n v mefe, mefoba knife n dana
abdicated ~ gadamdgari ~ bow-bladed ~ naxevarmTvarisebri ~
be bound to ~ iZulebuli emefa(vinme) butchering/cleavern ~ yasbis ~
dethroned/overthrown ~ Camogdebuli ~ curving ~ gamosaSigni ~
install ~ mefed/mefis dasma lop-eared ~ zurgiani/yuiani ~
patronymic ~ mefe gvariT/mamiT narrow-bladed ~ pirwvrili ~
slot ~into lacuna of recored teqstebSi Ca- one/single bladed ~ calfxiani ~
karguli/gamqrali mefe pruning ~ sasxlavi ~
subject ~ qveSevrdomi/damorCilebuli ~ saw-bladed ~ xerxispiriani ~
subsequent ~ momdevno ~ sickle-like ~ namgala ~
the Resplendent ~ brwyinvale.manaTo- knife adj danis
beli ~ ~ blade ~ mWreli piri
unsubdued ~ daumorCilebeli mefe ~ haft/shaft ~ yunwi

141
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~ leather sheath ~ tyavis bude SiZem, 2003 w)

~like tool n qvis dana koine n Gr. koine
~ shaped adj danisebri Kolyada n alilo
~ ~ plate ~ firfita kotylai n Gr. WurWeli,romelSic eteva 1
~ sharpener n danis salesi seqsteria,anu 1/6 kongia,anu
knight n raindi,mxedari; WadrakSi-mxeda daaxloebiT 0,273 l
ri ktitor n Gr. qtitori
~ estate mxedroba=raindTa wodeba kylix=kylike n Gr. kilike
knit(ed)(er) v adj n CxirebiT qsova/naqso-
vi; mqsoveli
L
~ in v adj CxirebiT naqsovSi Caqsovili labarum/labari n sing/pl Lat. konstantine
didis kverTxi
knitting ger adj qsova,saqsovi (Cxirebi)
label(ed) n v adj masalis etiketi,masali-
~ pin windis Cxiri
siTvis etiketis gakeTeba;etiketiani
knob n burTula saxeluri,Sverili,xel
masala,moniSvna
mosakidi=saxeluri,uro,kverTxis
geographical ~ geografiuli saxeli
Tavi,kopi,Saqris kveri
labour=labor n v Sroma
knobbed adj kopebiani,yuriani
~ ard ~ mZime ~
knock v dakakuneba
~division/dovision of ~ Sromis danawile-
~ out v amogdeba,amoZroba
ba
knoll n borcvi,qvadidi
~force samuSao Zala
knot n yulfi,kvanZi,maryuJi
forced ~ iZulebiTi Sroma
~ hob xis nuJri
~input SromiTi wili
~ hole ~ korZi
~intensive Sromatevadi
knotted adj CaxlarTuli
unrewarded/enrewarding ~ amao(daufase
knotty adj dakvanZuli,kvanZebiani.korZebi-
beli/unayofo) Sroma
ani,daxlarTuli
labourer=laborer n mSromeli,muSa
know(n) v adj codna, cnobili
laborious adj Sromatevadi
earliest~ raRac yvelaze adre cnobili
lace n zonari,sirma,yaiTani
long ~ ~ didi xania ~
Lacerna n laqerna
sb ~ for sth vinme cnobili ramiT
lack of v arqona,uqonliba,aklia,simcire
~ sth for fact danamdvilebiT ~
ararseboba ramis
~ sth in advance winaswar ~
by the ~ of… ramis uqonlobiT…
knowing ger gaazreba,mixvedra,codna
~ of subject/topic siuJetis arqona=usiuJe
knowledge n codna to
at the present stage of ~ codnis am doneze lacking contact with sth saerTo araferi
expert ~ srulyofili/sruli codna aqvs…
increase ~ codnis gaRrmaveba lackle n cxovelis mosarTavi
nugatory ~ mwiri codna laconicum/laconicumi n sing/pl Lat. lako-
shrine of ~ codnis taZari nikumi
state of ~ ~ done lacrimarium/lacrimarii n sing/pl Lat. sacrem-
well of ~ ~ salaro/wyaro le
knowledgeable adj cnobili Lactarius voumes Lat. n adj WeWketa soko
deeply ~ Zalian ~ lactating adj meZuZuri,merZeuli
known adj nacnobi,cnobili lacuna/lacunae n sing/pl Lat. sicariele
~ as far back as… raRac ladder n gadasatani/misadgmeli kibe
cnobilia/gvxv- ~motif kibis(ebri) ornamenti
deba jer kidev rodidan/raRac lade v n datvirTva,damZimeba
droidan
lading n tvirTi
better ~ ukeT Seswavlili/cnobili
ladle n CamCa,xrika
kohl n adj anTimoni(s)
ladyship (see lordship) (Tqveno) aRmatebu-
~ tube wamwamebis saRebavis WurWeli lebav(mowyalebav,umaRlesobav)(qali)
(termini mogvawoda b-nma i,gago-
lag v neli winsvla,CamorCena

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time ~ droSi CamorCena nis

lai v dadeba,dasveneba ramis ~ owner n miwismflobeli,memamule
~ to rest gasveneba,micvalebulis dasve- pockets of ~ miwis nakveTi
neba,samarxsi Casveneba ~route saxmeleTo gza
laid on adj daZerwili royal ~ samefo/sauflo(saufliswulo
~ down adj dafenebuli miwa
lain adj dawolili ~ slide/slip n mewyeri
lair n bunagi,soro slid ~ Camocurebuli/Camowolili ~
lake n tba ~ survey geodezia
basin of ~ tbis auzi temple ~ eklesiis/sataZro miwa
dam ~ wyalsacavi xelovnuri topsoil ~ miwis Tanamedrove zedapiri
~ land/side n tbispiri ~ under cultivation damuSavebuli ~
Lamb of God RvTis kravi ~use v miwis gamoyeneba/aTviseba
lamb n batkani,kravi landed n adj miwismflobeli; miwaze daS
~ sacral ~ saRvTo batkani vebuli/damjdari
lambast(ing) v ger dartyma,ryeva,dazara- ~ aristocracy miwismflJobeli aristo-
leba kratia
lambing ger doli cxvarSi landing n ger kibis baqani, miwaze daSve-
lambskin n adj kraveli(s) ba,Sualeduri sivrce
lame adj koWli landscape n buneba,garemo,landSafti
lamella/lamellae n sing/pl Lat. lamela ~archaeology landSafturi arqeologia
lament n v datireba,godeba,dasakrZala- blanck ~ qariani(civi/cudi) garemo
vi simRera(mag. lile) rugged ~ mTagoriani garemo
lamp n lampa(ri) snow-capped ~ Tovliani mwvervalebis
~ black n adj muri(s) mxare
lance(see pike) n laxvari,oroli,(xel)Su lane n biliki,Suka,orRobe,Sesaxvevi qu-
bi,patara Subi Cis,quCabandi
~ head n mujira laneway n biliki,quCa,Sesaxvevi
~ knight n Subosani languish(ed) v adj Cakvdoma,Camkvdari
~ rest n Subispiris masra language(see speech,tongue) n ena(salapa-
~ ~ flearing out at the end ~ ~ bolo- rako)
Si gafarToebuli ~and script ena da damwerloba
lanceolate adj Subismagvari ~ceased to be written Sewyda am/im enaze
lancet adj (Se)isruli,isrisebri wera
land(s) n adj v miwa/miwebi,miwis,saxmele- ~convey enis gadacema
To, miwaze daSveba convey by ~ enis meSveobiT/zepirad ~
civic/community ~ saTemo/saxalxo miwebi vernacular ~ mSobliuri ena
~deed miwis Cuqebis(yidva/gayidvis)sa- written~ damwerlobis mqone ena
buTi ~writing system am/im enis weris sistema
fertile ~ noyieri/nayofieri miwa convention of ~ ~ ~ am/im enis weris
free ~ Tavisufali ~ sistemis gardaqmna
~ hunger miwis nakleboba/simcire lap n kalTa
~ less adj umiwo lapidice n qvaze CuqurTmis mWreli
~link saxmeleTo kavSiri/gza lapidified adj gaqvavebuli,qvad qceuli
~locked qveyana,romelsac zRvaze gasas- lapidify v gaqvaveba,qvad qceva
vleli ar aqvs lapidose adj qviani
~ lord/lady memamule kaci/qali lapis-lasuli n adj lilaqva/qvis,lapisla-
~ mark n adj samani,mijna,sacnobi niSani, zuli
raime RirsSesaniSnaoba,samijne ma- lapse v gaqroba ramis
rgili/qva,niSani laquer n adj laki(s)
~ mass ~ masivi lar/laris n sing/pl Lat. lari-keriis mfarve-
~ of plenty madliani/mdidare mxare qvey- li RvTaeba

143
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larch=Larix n adj lariqsi(s) latter n adj sakace; oridan meore=ukanas

large(cf. big) adj didi (moculobiT) kneli
~amount(number,quantity) didi raodenoba ~ date adj Tanamedrove
~ scale did/farTomasStabiani,masSta- ~ day adj axali
buri ~ part meore nawili/naxevari
largerly adv umTavresad,umeteswilad,Zi- lattice motif badura/baduri ornamenti
riTadad,gansakuTrebiT latticework adj badura,gisosebi,cxauri
~ comprises/onvolves farTod moicavs launch v gamarTva(iatakis,saxuravis)mo-
~ representative yovlismomcveli wyoba,gamarTva
~ ~ picture ~ suraTi ~ campaign laSqrobis/omis warmarTva
larnax n qvis yuTi laura n lavra (monasteri)
larva n matli=kvercxi (mweris) laureate n v laureati=dafnis gvirgvino
lash v mibma,TokiT Sekvra sani; dafnis gvirgviniT Semkoba
lasso n v qamandi, qamandis modeba laureated adj dafnis gvirgviniT Semkuli
Last Supper (the) saidumlo seroba laurel n adj dafna/dafnis
last v arseboba,gaZleba,gagrZeleba ~ wreath dafnis gvirgvini
last adj bolo,gasuli,wina lavabo n ganbanva
~ of all (yvelaze) bolos ~ basin gansabaneli WurWeli/jami
~ journey ukanaskneli gza=gardacva- ~ towel ganbanvis mere SesamSralebe-
leba li tilo
the ~ uaxlesi,ukanaskneli lavish adj v mdidruli,(gul)uxvi,metisme-
~ years ukanaskneli wlebi(vinmesi) ti,uSurveli; gacema uxvad/uSurve
lasting adj gamZle droSi,mudmivi,samuda- lad
mo,xangrZlivi ~ entertainment uxvi maspinZloba
lastly adv da bolos… lawishly adv (gul)uxvad,mdidrulad,me-
lastmentioned (the) of… es ukanaskneli tismetad,uSurvelad
lasts through… raRac grZeldeba raRac law n samarTali,kanoni
drois ganmavlobaSi ~ abiding adj kanonmorCili
latch(see bolt) n raza ~ giver/maker n kanonmdebeli
latch together v erTmaneTze gadabma ~ making ger adj kanonSemoqmedeba, sa-
late adj adv gvian(i),gviandeli kanonmdeblo
~ comer n gvian mosuli lawful adj kanonieri,uflebrivi
~ in date gviani xanis ~ age srulwlovaneba
late (the) adj aw gansvenebuli lawless adj ukanono
lately adv bolo dros/xans,ukanasknel lawn n mindori,mdelo
xans lay v damizneba,(mozaikis)dageba,mdebare-
later adj gviandeli,mogviano,Semdgomi oba ramis
adv mogvianebiT,Semdgom ~ the base saqmisTvis saZirkvlis Cay-
just ~ cota gvian ra
~on adv mogvianebiT ~ brother/sister morCili eklesiaSi(kaci
latent adj faruli /qali)
lateral adj gverdiTi ~down one's life for…sicocxlis gawirva
~ part ~ nawili ~ ~ the scepter mefobaze uaris Tqma
~ teeth ~ kbilebi ~ in the power of… vinmeze/rameze damor
~ tilt ganivi daxriloba Cileba
latest adj bolo,uaxlesi,ugvianesi ~ man n araprofesionali=diletanti;
lath n adj yavari/yavris,lartya,lartyu- saero piri=eriskaci
la ~ on v daZerwva ramisa rameze,ganla-
lathe n administraciuli erTeuli geba
~ turned circle mbrunavi wre ~ out v ganfena,dawyoba,dagegmareba,ga-
mofena,forma,moxazuloba,gan-
latifundia n latifundia
lageba
latrine n tualeti

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~ ~ sth to sb gaacno vinmes mag. gegma ~ to an idea vinmes miyvana raime azram-
~ sb in state micvalebulis dasveneba de
gamosaTxovrad(ara panaSvidi) ~ to/in v Seyvana,SeZRola
~ siege v alyis Semortyma lead v adj tyvia/tyviis
~ the way for… gzis gakvalva vinmesT- ~ mend tyviiT daduRebuli=SekeTebu-
vis/ramisTvis li
~ to rest dakrZalva red ~ n adj surinji(s)
layer(see level) n fena,Sre,wyoba leaded adj tyvianarevi
accumulated/deposited ~ dafenebuli leader n winamZRolo.ufrosi,mewinave/mo-
artifact bearing ~ nivTebis Semcveli ~ winave,meTauri,beladi,ganmsazRvreli
ash ~ nacris fena leadership n meTauroba
basal ~ qveda/Zira fena leading adj wamyvani,winamZRoli
construct on top of earlier ~ Zvel fenaze ~ door gamavali kari(or saTavsos So-
dageba/daSeneba ramis ris)
cultural ~ kulturuli ~ ~ to the idea mivyavarT raRac azramde
dislocated(displaced,removed) ~ naZravi/ ~ type wamyvani tipi
Camowolili ~ ~ the way gzis gamkvalavi
disturbed ~ dazianebuli ~ leads n pl saTevzao badis saZiravebi
eroded ~ gamoqaruli/naSali ~ leaf n foToli,sagduli
fault of ~ fenis Camowola ~ like adj foTlisebri
inhabited ~ nacxovrebi fena ~ motif n foTliani ornamenti
interlayer ~ fenaTaSorisi ~ ~ wing n daraba
lower ~ qveda=pirveli ~ leafy adj foTliani,foTlovani
mentiferous ~ adamianis kult. narCene- ~ tendril foTlovani xvia
bis ~ league n gaerTianeba,kavSiri
middle ~ Sua ~ bind into ~ ligaSi/kavSirsi gaerTianeba
slid ~ dacurebuli ~ leak(age) n v Jonva
slip of ~ fenis dacureba ~ out v informaciis/saidumlos gaJo-
slipped ~ dacurebuli/Camowolili ~ nva
top(most)/uppermost ~ (sul) zeda ~ lean v adj miyrdnoba,miyudeba rameze,ga-
turf ~ kordiani ~ quculi
turf and humus ~ kordian-humusiani ~ ~ against v miyrdnoba rameze
underlying ~ qveda ~ ~ on/upon v dayrdnoba,miyrdnoba
upper ~ zeda ~ ~times mSieri(unayofo/mZime)dro/wlebi
virgin(al)(undespoiled/undisturbed) ~ uZravi ~ to v midgma,mibjena,miyudeba
woolley ~ gaurkveveli fena ~ to roof kiduli saxuravi
li ~ to construction/shed sxva Senobaze mi-
layout n gegma Senebuli nageboba/farduli
grid-plan ~ badisebri ~ ~ towards sb/sth gadaxra vinmesken/rami-
sken
lead v gaZRola,waZRola,miyvana,iZuleba,
marTva,saqmis warmarTva,misdevs/ewe- lean-to-roof n calmxrivi saxuravi(mina-
va vinme rame saqmianobas,miyvana Senis)
~ astray gzas acdena leap n v naxtomi,wamoxtoma
~ into temptation SecdomaSi Seyvana,cdu- leapfrogging adj naxtomiseburi(ganviTar)
neba leaping adj asaxtomad SemarTuli cxo-
~ sth v saqmis gaZRola/xelmZRvaneloba veli
sth ~ sb to sth raRacas mivyavarT raRa- learn v (Se)swavla,ambis gageba/Setyoba
cisken/raRacamde learned adj ganaTlebuli,naswavli,swav-
sth ~ to sth raRacam gamoiwvia raRac luli,Seswavlili,SeZenili codna
take the ~ in sth upiratesobis mopove- fellow of ~ society swavlulTa sazoga-
ba,winamZRoloba,jobna doebis wevri
~ to v gadaxra learnedly adv mecnierulad,saqmis codniT

145
 სარჩევი
lease n saTemo saZovari
lease=liase closely axlo kavSiri/TanamS-
romloba
least adj umciresi
at ~ sul cota,umciresi
at the very ~ sul cota...
the ~ bit odnavadac ki...
leather n adj gamoyvanili tyavi(s)
~ jacket tyapuWi
leave(see left) v datoveba,mitoveba,wasvla
~ alone Tavis minebeba,vinmes mitoveba,
rom araferi vTqvaT…
~ aside gverdze gadadeba,gverdis avla
~ out v gamotoveba,gverdis avla
~ to v anderZiT datoveba=naanderZevi
~to itself Tavis minebeba ramisTvis
lebes/lebetis n sing/pl Lat. lebesi
lecture n v leqcia, Wkuis darigeba=nota
ciis wakiTxva
inaugural ~ Sesavali leqcia
~ hall/room auditoria
lecturer n leqtori
ledge n Sverili,kide(qveynis),mTebis mwk-
rivi, yadimi
leek=Allium porrum n adj prasi(s)
left adj marcxena;datovebuli,mitovebuli
at/on the ~ marcxniv
~ hand adj adv marcxena,marcxniv
~over from…(wina periodis)narCen(eb)i
~ to right adv marcxnidan marjvniv
leftovers n pl narCenebi
leg n fexi (adamianis,cxovelis,sagnis)
fore ~ wina ~
hind ~ ukana ~
~ less adj ufexo
legacy n adj memkvidreoba,qoneba/qonebri-
vi
legal adj kanonieri,nebadarTuli,ufleb-
vi
~ equality uflebrivi Tanasworoba
~ inequality ~ uTanasworoba
legalize(d)(ion) v adj n dakanoneba/dakano-
nebuli
legend(ary) n adj zepiri gadmocema,legen
da,legendaruli
legible to sb gasagebi vinmesTvis
legiminous plant n parkosani mcenare
legion n bevri,uTvalavi
~ quantity simravle
legionary n legioneri
legislate/legislature v n kanonSemoqmedeba
legislator n kanonmdebeli
146
legitimately adv kanonierad,sworad
legitimise v dakanoneba
legs akimbo adj adv muxlebSi moxrili
da gadaSlili fexebi
legume(s) n parkosani,orlebniani mc.
lekythoi n Gr. lekiTosi
lend(er) v n (ga)sesxeba,(ga)msesxebeli
lend sb to sth v vinmes CaTreva cud rameSi
length n sigrZe, monakveTi
at ~ of raRac manZilze/sigrZeze
at full ~ mTeli sigrZiT/sigrZeze
at full ~ and width mTeli sigrZe-siganiT
in ~ sigrZeze,sigrZivi,sigrZiT,sigrZeze
in ~ and width sigrZe-siganeZe
~ including… sigrZe raRacis CaTvliT
~ of paper naSromis moculoba
~ of time drois monakveTi/xangrZlivoba
on the ~ sigrZeze
lengthen(ed) v adj dagrZeleba/dagrZele-
buli,gawelva,wagrZelebuli
lengthening adj welvadi
lengthwise adj adv (si)grZiv(i);sigrZeze
lengths (the) n xangamZleoba
lengthy adj grZeli Zalian, aylayuda
lens n linza
Lent n didmarxva
lent(see lend) adj nasesxebi
lenticular adj ormxriv amozneqili
lentiform/lentoid adj linzis formis
lentil n adj ugrexeli(s)=ospi(s), Lens
culinaris Lat.
leopard n leopardi
lesion n raime dzianeba Tavis qalaze
less adj adv naklebi,nakleb(ad)
~ attractive nakleb metyveli/mimzidve-
li
~ convenient ~ moxerxebuli
~ defined ~ gamokveTili
~ important ~ mniSvnelovani
~ known ~ cnobili
~ numerous naklebi raodenobis
~ plastic nakleb plastikuri
~ suitable ~ misadagebuli/mosaxer
xebeli
lessen(ed) v adj kleba,interesis ganele-
Semcireba; daklebuli,Semcirebuli
lesson n gakveTili,bibliis is nawili,
romelic xmamaRla ikiTxeba ekle-
siaSi wirvisas
let v nebis darTva,saSualebis micema
~ in v SeSveba,SemoSveba
letter n baraTi=werili; anbanis aso
 სარჩევი

capital ~ didi aso liberty n Tavisufleba

cover ~ daxuruli werili lice v zonaris gayra
low case ~ patara aso licorice n adj Zirtkbila(si), Glycyrrhiz glo-
~of introduction/reference ~ sarekomenda- bra Lat.
cio werili lid n xufi=saxuravi,saknis gadasaxuravi
~ of thanks samadlobeli ~ fila
lettered adj wera-kiTxvis mcodne part-hole ~ samarxi saknis saxuravi
letters n pl Srifti lie n v tyuili; (ga)(da)wola,tyuilis
bold(dark,heavy) ~ muqi/mkveTri ~ Tqma
Levallois n levalua lier n matyuara
Levant(ine) n adj aRmosavleti,armosav- lies v 3-rd p. sing. mdebareobs (mag.ekle-
luri sia)
level(see layer) n (velis)done,zRvari,sa- liew n magieri
fexuri,fena,niveliri,samSeneblo/na- in ~ of magier/magivrad
nacxovrebi fena Life Pillar n sveti/Zeli cxoveli
v zedapiris gasworeba(davakeba,moswo- life n sicocxle,cxovreba,moRvaweoba
reba) after ~ = after-life n adj saiqio
at the ~ of… doneze ~ and soul suli da guli
basal ~ sawyisi=pirveli=Zira fena ~ before the future ~/this ~ saaqao
building ~ samSeneblo done contemplative ~ religiuri cxovreba
cultural ~ kulturuli fena deformity in ~ deformacia sicocxleSi
inhabited ~ nacxovrebi ~ established ~ damjdari cxovreba
lower ~ qveda done eternal/everlasting ~ maradiuli ~
mid ~ saSualo done/donis ~ expentancy sicocxlis saS.xangrZli-
middle ~ Sua fena/done voba
~of development ganviTarebis done facets of ~ cxovrebis waxnagebi=Tavi-
~of effort mosamzadebeli periodi,mcde seburebani
lobis done ~force sicocxlis Zala
split ~ danawevrebuli/wyvetili done future/other ~ saiqio cxovreba
sth of the same ~ igive donis vinme/ra- ~ giving adj masazrdoebeli,macocxle-
me beli,cxovelmyofeli
subsistence ~ saarsebo ~ in one's ~ sicicxleSi
successive ~ erTmaneTis momdevno ~ in seclusion/unsociable karCaketili
underlying ~ qveda fena (cxovreba)
upper ~ zeda done/fena ~ leaving ger gardacvaleba
leveler n geodezisti ~ member mudmivi wevri
levelling adj ger swori; gasworeba,niveli- secluded ~ karCaketili cxovreba
reba settled ~ binadruli/damjdari ~
lever n sayevari ~ span sicocxlis xangrZlivoba
levigate v fxvnilad qceva,ganleqva short ~ ~ xanmokle sicocxle
levigated adj ganleqili Tixa ~ size naturalurizomis=kacis simaR-
levy v gadasaxadis daweseba,zemoqmedeba lis
=dawola ~ spring ~ wyaro=wyaro cxoveli
liability n midrekileba still ~ naturmorti
liable to v adj midreka,daqvemdebarebuli ~ stories of Saints wmindanTa cxovreba
libate(pre ~) v Rvinis Sewirva ~ story cxovreba vinmesi,cxovrebis am-
libation(pre ~) n xotbis Sesxma,Rvinis Se- bavi
wirva ~ style=lifestyle n adj cxovrebis wesi
pour a ~ Rvinis Camosxma take on a ~ cxovreba
liberate(d)(ion) v adj n (ga)Tavisufleba,ga ~ threatening sicocxlisTvis saSiSi
Tavisuflebuli way of ~ cxovrebis wesi
liberator n ganmaTavisuflebeli lifeless adj usicocxlo

147
 სარჩევი
lifer n samudamo patimroba
lifesize n mTeli taniT(naxati,qandakeba)
lifespan/time n sicocxle/sicocxlis xan-
grZlivoba,cxovreba
~ of many centuries raRac arsebobs/
cocxlobs saukuneebis manZilze
lifestock n saqoneli,naxiri
raise ~ saqonlis movla
lifestyle n cxovrebis wesi
lift(ed) v n adj aweva/amoweva,lifti; awe-
uli
light(ing) n adj v ger sinaTle=naTeli;
naTeli=Ria feri,msubuqi,sifrifana
anTeba,gaRviveba,ganaTeba,cecxlis
gaCaReba
~ and shade effect SuqCrdili
allow ~ in(to) sinaTle Semodis...
appear to ~ dRis sinaTleze gamoCena
bring to light ~ ~ gamotana
cast the ~ naTelis/Suqis mofena
come to ~dRis sinaTle ixila/gamoCena
~ house n Suqura zRvaSi
in the ~ of… … Suqze
see the ~ of the day dRis sinaTlis nax-
va=gamoCena
~ shaft/well n sinaTlis SemosaSvebi Wa-
uri nagebobis WerSi
shed ~ naTelis mofena rameze/garkveva
lighten v Semsubuqeba
lighthearted adj uzrunveli
lightly adv odnav,msubuqad
lightness n simsubuqe
lightning n sanaTuri
lignite n adj mura naxSiri(s)
ligula/ligulae n sing/pl Lat. abzindis ena,
ligula
like v adj adv mowoneba,msgavsi,TiTqos
~ sb/sth vinmes/ramis msgavsad
~ hood n msgavseba
in all ~ ~ Zalze gavs
~ minded adj Tanamoazre
likelihood n albaToba
in all ~ yvelanairi niSniT/yvelanairad
likeliest (the) adj uaxloesi msgavseba
likely adv TiTqos
is ~ that… savaraudod,TiTqos
is highly ~ savsebiT SesaZlebelia
it is ~ that… TiTqos, rogorc Cans…
very ~ savaraudod, ufro…
likened adj mimsgavsebuli(a)
likewise adv aseve, masgavsad ramisa
limb n kiduri (adamianis,cxovelis)
148
limbo n mitovebuli adgili, jojoxeTis
zRurbli
limbus/limbi n sing/pl Lat. limbi
lime n adj v kiri(s), CaduRabeba
~ bast n adj lafani/lafnis
burnt~=calcium oxide n adj damwvari ki-
ri
~ coat(ed)(ing) v adj n kiriT Selesva,
Selesili,kiris Selesiloba
~ kiln n kiris gamosawvavi Rumeli
~ milk n adj kirxsnari
~ mortar n adj samSeneblo kirxsnai(s)
~ pit n kiris karieri
~ plastered/washed kiriT Selesili/Se-
TeTrebuli
quick ~ Caumqrali kiri
slack(ed)/hydrated ~ =calcium hydroxide
Camqrali ~
~ wash(ed) v adj kiriT SeTeTreba/Se-
TeTrebuli
limes/limitis n Lat. mijna,gamagrebuli=ga-
lavniani,gamagrebuli sazRvari
limestone=calcium carbonate n adj kirqva/
kirqvis
limetree(see lime bast) n adj cacxvi(s)
liminal adj zRurblispira,Zlivs aRsaqme-
li ram
limit n v zRvari; dadgena,zRvris dadeba,
SezRudva,SesaZleblobebis Semo-
fargvla
~ oneself to Tavis SezRudva
limitation(s) n SezRudva
limited adj zRvruli,SezRuduli,Semo-
fargluli,gansazRvruli
limiting adj SemzRudveli
limitless adj SeuzRudavi
limp v koWloba
line n v xazi,Sto gvarSi,rigi,SeerTeb-
is xazi,saxazavi,SimSa,zoli,zRvari;
amogeba,gasworeba,mosworeba,xazva,
mopirkeTeba,amogeba,Camwkriveba
along wahat ~ saiT/ra mimarTulebiT
~drawing n ger grafika,grafikulad ga-
moxazva
godly ~ RmerTebis mwkrivi(taZarSi)
in the ~ erT xazze ganlageba,mwkrivSi
~ of distribution/expansion gavrcelebis
zRvari
punctured ~ wyvetili xazi
springing ~ kamaris fuZe=sawyisi,ze-
moT mimavali xazi
~ up v Camwkriveba
lineage n warmomavloba(mag.QqarTuli)
 სარჩევი

linearity n xazovaneba lit adj anTebuli,ganaTlebuli

lined adj xazovani,Selesili literacy n ganaTlebuloba,codnis done,
clay ~ TixiT Selesili wera-kiTxva/kiTxvis codna,wigni-
~ walls amogebuli kedlebi ereba
~ with logs ZelebiT amogebuli literal adj pirdapiri,zusti
linen n adj seli(s) (qsovili) in the ~ sense of… pirdapiri gagebiT
linen printer n mCiTavi ~ translation pirdapiri Targmani
liner n CasarTi literally adv sityva-sityviT,zustad
lingering adj SemorCenili literalist n asokirkita
lingon berry n adj ZaRlyurZena(si) literary adj adv literaturuli,sityva-
liniar adj grZivi, (swor)xazovani sityviT
~ deformity grZivi deformacia ~ language saliteraturo ena
~design xazovani ornamenti ~ source literaturuli wyaro
~ representation xazovani gamosaxule- literate adj ganaTlebuli,ganswavluli,na-
ba kiTxi
~ tilt grZivi daxriloba ~context literaturuli wyaro/teqsti
lining n ger sarCuli; gasworeba,moswore literatim adj zusti/ucvleli teqsti; aso-
ba,mopirkeTeba aso=zustad teqstis mixedviT
link n v Zewkvis/jaWvis rgoli,kavSiri; literature n literatura
gadabma,dakavSireba,SeerTeba imaginative ~ mxatvruli ~
linkage n SeerTeba,kavSiri in the ~ literaturaSi
linked adj gadajaWvuli,dakavSirebuli ~on…literature sakiTxze...
~ with the exterior garesamyarosTan da- outpouring ~ mravali naSromi=Sromeb-
kavSirebuli is simravle
linking adj (da)makavSirebeli lithic adj qvis(a)
links n pl kavSirebi ~artifact(s) qvis nivT(eb)i
establish ~ kavSirebis damyareba ~flake qvis anatkeci
have ~ with sb/sth kavSirebis qona... ~industry ~ industria/warmoeba
linocut v adj linoliumze kveTa/nakveTi ~reduction qvisTvis formis micema
linstock n filTa Tofi litter n xeliT satarebeli taxtrevani
lintel n adj ospi/ugrexeli, Lens culinaris, little adj patara, cota (uTvladi)
Lat. a ~ adj adv cota(uTvladi); nakleb,
lintel n sarkmlis Tavxe/kamara; karis ze- odnav
da wirTxli ~ avail nakleb gamosadegi
~ arch sarkmlis/wirTxlis kamara ~ known ~ cnobili
lion(ess) n xvadi/Zu lomi ~ by ~ adv TandaTan
lion-faced adj lomsaxe littoral n adj zRvis zoli=sanapiro;
lionine adj lomis msgavsi zRvispiruli
Lion’s Gate lomTa kari liturgical adj saRvTismsaxuro=liturgi-
lip n bage/tuCi,kide; WurWlis piri,bako, uli
gvirgvini ~ services RvTismsaxureba
flaring ~/rim WurWlis gadaSlili piri liturgy n RvTismsaxureba=liturgia
lip-cover n tuCsafari live v adj adv cxovreba,cocxali=cxove-
liqueify v gaTxevadeba li,cocxlad
liquid n adj siTxe; Txieri,Txevadi ~ in full cxovrebis duRili/cxovreba
thin ~ Txeli siTxe duRs
watery ~ wyalwyala ~ ~ in penury gaWirvebaSi/siRaribeSi cxov
weak ~ susti ~ reba
liquorice n adj Zirtkbila(si)=Glycyrrhiza long ~ gamZle
globra (mc ) Lat. Long Live! mravalJamier!
list n v nusxa,sia,CamonaTvali; CamoTvla ~ on… kveba(arseboba,cxovreba)ramiT,
listel n listeli, wibo ganagrZo arseboba/cxovreba

149
 სარჩევი
~ unsociably cxovreba karCaketilad
livelihood n cxovrebis saxsari
lively adv gacxarebuli=cxare=cxoveli,
cocxali
in ~ prose cocxali eniT.cocxlad
livelihood n arseboba,sicocxle
means/sourse of ~ saarsebo saSualeba/
wyaro
liven up v gamococxleba
livestock n naxiri,saqonlis suladoba
living n sazrdo
mode of ~ cxovrebis wesi
the ~ cocxlebi (adamianebi)
living adj uSreti,cocxali,mcxovrebi
~ conditions sacxovrebeli pirobebi
ever ~ source uSreti wyaro
~ place samyofeli,sacxovrisi
~ quarter sacxovrebeli kvartali
~ standard cxovrebis done
load n v sapalne,tvirTi; datvirtva,da-
wyoba,CatvirTva
relieve of ~ tvirTisagan gaTavisufleba
loaded adj datvirTuli
loading chute Rumelis CasatvirTi Rari=
xonCa
loam n qviSa da Tixanarevi niadagi
lobe n yuris bibilo,kvercxis/kaklis na
WuWi,Teslis kani,eklesiaSi 6 an meti
afsida/sveti
lobed adj danawevrebuli
lobster n asTakvi,aTfexa kibo,langusti
~ claw lobe kiborCxalis saceci (orna-
menti)
local(ly) adv adj adgilobriv(i)
sth ~ to some place Cveuli ram raime
adgilisaTvis
the locals n pl ~ mosaxleoba
localize v ganlageba ramisa sadme
locality n adgili,adgilmdebareoba
~ of origin warmoSobis adgili
locate(d) v adj ganTavseba,moTavseba; mde-
bare
location n adgilmdebareoba,aRmoCenis ad
gili
lock n v saketi,Caxmaxi,wre,rabi,Sluzi;
Caketva
pin tumbler ~ Rerakiani saketi/urduli
~ smith n zeinkali
~ stitch n maqo
locked adj Caketili
licking n saketi,urduli
lockstep n dogma/siaruli ise,rom winas
150
qusls exeba ukanas TiTi=mWidrod
in ~ with sb mWidro kavSirSi vinmesTan
in ~ with sth Zalian axlos raRacasTan
Loctarius deterrimus n adj Lat. mWada=WeWke-
ta soko(si)
loculus/loculi n sing/pl Lat. darbazi,sakani,
sarCuli,lanCa
locus/loci n sing/pl Lat. adgilmdebareoba
lodge(d)(ing) n v adj sadgomi; moTavseba,
Sefareba/Sefarebuli
loft n sxveni,antresoli
loftily adv amaRlebulad
loftiness n sidiade,simaRle
lofty adj amaRlebuli
~mountains maRali mTebi
log n Zeli,kunZi,(na)mori,sipi qva
~ cabin n qoxi
~ paved path Zelfenili biliki
whole ~ mTliani mori
loganberry n adj kenkra=Jolo+mayvali
loggia n loji
logogram n sityvis aRmniSvneli lurs-
muli damwerlobis niSani
logographer n logografi
loincloth n TeZoze Semosaxvevi naWeri
lone (the) n erTaderTi,marto erTi
long adj grZeli,xangrZlivi,wagrZelebu-
li,grZivi,gaswvrivi
~ ago didi xnis win
~ before didi xniT adre (raRacamde)
~ cultural sequence sqeli kulturuli
fena
~distance Sori,Soreuli,didi manZili
~established didi xnis damkvidrebuli/
Camoyalibebuli
~ flapped adj kalTagrZeli
~ lasting xangamZle,xangrZlivi
~ legged wvivmaRali
~ live adj ucveTeli,droSi gamZle,xan-
grZliv cxovreba,dRegrZeloba
~ lived adj gamZle,dRegrZeli,mudmivi,
samudamo,xangrZliv arsebuli
not ~ ago cota/arcTu didi xnis win
not ~ lasting xanmokle
~ pan grZivi kedeli
~ rang adj xangrZlivi moqmedebis ra-
diusi
~ standing adj damkvidrebuli,miRebuli
~ term xangrZlivi
longevity n sicocxlis xangrZlivoba,
xangrZlivi sicocxle,mravalwliani
longing to adj misadagebuli
 სარჩევი

longitude n grZedi dakargva

longitudinal adj (si)grZivi
longivity n xangrZlivoba
longthiness n sigrZivoba
longwise adv sigrZiv
lone (the) adj erTaderTi
look n v gamometyveleba,gamoxedva,ieri,
Sesaxedaoba,Sexeduleba,xedva;
yureba
~ after v movla
~ ahead to the future momavlisken yureba
~ at v Sexedva rameze
~ for v Zebna
~ forward to sth mouTmenlad lodini
~ out v gaxedva gareT; frTxilad!
~ through v gadaxedva,gadaTvaliereba,
Tvalis gadavleba
looking glass n sarke
loom n v saqsovi dazga,Tavs iCens,Cans,
ikveTeba
~ before sb warmoCena vinmes winaSe
~over people xalxis SeSineba
~ weights saqsovi badis tvirTebi
loop n maryuJi,yulfi
loophole n amonagleji,amonatexi,saTo-
furi
loose adj Tavisufali,moSvebuli,bundo-
vani,arazusti,gaurkveveli
~chronology arazusti/saeWvo daTariR-
eba
~end gaxsnili bolo ramis
~leaf CanarTi furceli
loosen v niadagis gafxviereba
loosily adv advilad,Tavisuflad
loot n v naqurdali=nadavli; (ga)Zarcva
looted adj gaquduli,gaZarculi
lop-off v gasxvla
lopsided adj gverdela
Lord n ufali=meufe=RmerTi
Lord God(the)(see Pantocrator) mama RmerTi
Lord's Prayer sauflo locva
Lord's Table uflis taxti
lord n batoni
lordless adj ubatono
lordliness n didkacoba (xalxi)
lordship(see ladyship) n Tavadis/mTavris
batonoba; Tqveno aRmatebulebav(mo
wyalebav,umaRlesobav) kaci
lose v dakargva
~appeal mimzidvelobis/momxibvlelob-
is dakargva
~favor to sth mowonebis/upiratesobis
loss n danakargi,danaklisi,daRupva,nak-
li,zadi
suffer ~ (es) dazaraleba,danakargebi
lost adj dakarguli,Cakarguli,Secdomi-
li=codvili
~ in the dark abysm of time drois wyvdi-
adSi Cakarguli
~sheep dakarguli kravi/cxvari(bibl)
~wax technique cvilis dakargvis teq-
nika
lot n kenWisyris kenWi,xvedri
a ~ of pron. bevri, didi raodenoba
lots of pron. mravali,bevri
lovely adj mSvenieri,sayvareli(mag.Tojina
lovingly adv mSvenivrad
low adj dabali, mcire
~ bow mdablad Tavis dakvra
~ born mdabio(ri)
~ brow(ed) Subldabali
~ class dabali donis
~ grade(d) dabali/mdare sinjis/xaris-
xis
~level dabali donis/xarisxis
~ quality ~ ~ xarisxis
lower adj v daSvebuli,qve(da),qve(mo); dab
la daweva,dadableba
~ area qvemo (sofeli)
~ into a pit CarWoba,Casma
lowlander n adj bareli=baris mcxovrebi
lowlands n pl bari,vake=dablobi,veli
low-lying area dabali/Cavardnili adgili
(zogjer daWaobebulic)
loyal adj morCili,qveSevrdomuli
loyalty n morCileba,qveSevrdomoba
~towards sb morCileba vinmes mimarT
lucidity n sicxade
licky adj bednieri
~ chance SemTxveviT(oba),bedis gaRime-
ba,bednieri SemTxveva
lug n Sverili-yuri,burTula saxeluri
cru yuri
lugged adj yuriani
lumbar room saostigno,sakuWnao
lumber v n tyis Wra, xe-tye
luminary adj saxelganTqmuli/moxveWili
luminous adj brwyinvale,naTeli,manaTo-
beli,gasagebi
luminosity n brwyinvaleba,sinaTle
lump n zvavi,lodi,texili/fleTili qva,
gunda,xelnakeTi gamouwvavi mze-
ze gamomSrali aguri

151
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~together v Sewebeba erTad koStebad
lunate adj (naxevar)mTvarisebri
lure v Setyueba,cduneba,motyueba
use stealth to ~ mimarTo eSmakobas misa-
tyueblad/misazidad
lust n xorcieli vneba
luster=luster n bzinvareba (mag,margalit-
is),brwyinvaleba
lustrate(ion) v ganwmenda msxverplSewir-
viT
lustrous adj kriala,nakrialebi,bzinvare
~black burnish bzinvare Savpriala
luter/luteris n sing/pl Gr. luTeria=embazi,
sadinariani didi jami
Lutheran n adj luTerani/luTeranuli
luxuries n pl fufunebis sagnebi
luxurious adj mdidruli,fufunebis…
luxury n adj simdidre,fufuneba
~ goods/items fufunebis sagnebi=saqo-
neli
lycanthropy n adamianis miTiuri gadaqce-
va mglad
lye n adj nacarwmendili
lying adj gawolili,mwolare,mdebare
~ backwards=on one's back=supine zurg-
ze mwolare(micvalebuli)
~ on the side gverdze mwolare
~ with face down=downwards=prone pir-
qve mwolare
lyre n ebani=qnari
M ~contact kavSiris SenarCuneba
mace n kverTxi,laxtisTavi
~ head/mount laxtisTavi
magaron=megaron n magaroni=megaroni
magazine n sawyobi
magic n no pl. adj grZneuleba,magia,jado,
saswauli; grZneuli,jadosnuri,ma-
giuri
~ belt jadosnuri=magiuri sartyeli
~ formula ~ formula
~ power ~ Zala
~ type jadosnuris msgavsi/tipis
~ word jadosnuri sityva
magical adj magiuri,saswaulebrivi,ja-
dosnuri
magician n grZneuli,misani,jadoqari
(kaci)
magister peditum fexosanTa jaris meTa-
uri
Magnificat(see Epiphany) mogvTa misvla
Cvil iesosTan
magnificence n sidiade,didebuleba
152
magnificent adj saucxoo,udidesi,SesaniS-
navi,Cinebuli
magnitude n sidiade,sidide,miwisZvris
simZlavris sazomi erTeuli=magni-
tuda,sidide,zoma
magus/magi n sing/pl Lat. mogvi
mahagony=Sweitinia mahagony n adj uTxo-
vari(s)=wiTeli xe/xis
maid n moaxle,mxevali,Sinamosamsaxure
(qali)
~ of honour patarZlis dobili
maiden n gogona,qaliSvili,qalwuli,ga-
uTxovari
~ name qaliSvilobis gvari
mail n v jaWvis perangi; fostiT gagza-
vna
~ clad adj abjriT Semosili
mailed adj jaWvis perangiani
main adj mTavari,sakvanZo,ZiriTadi
main (the) adj umTavresi
in the ~ adv upiratesad
mainland n kontinenturi
mainly adv upiratesad,upirveles yovli-
sa,ZiriTadad,umeteswilad,umTav-
resad,kerZod
mainspring n mamoZravebeli Zala/wyaro,
saxsari=Zala
mainstream n ZiriTadi/aRiarebuli azri/
mimdinareoba
maintain v movla,mxardaWera,SenarCuneba,
xelSewyoba
~ pressure zegavlena,Seviwroveba
maintained adj mxardaWerili,SenarCune-
buli,xelSewyobili
well ~ kargad SenarCunebuli
maintenance n mxardaWera,SenarCuneba
maiolica=majolica n adj maiolika/maioli-
kis
maize(see greets,hominy) n adj simindi(s)
coarse-ground ~ n adj RerRili(s)
majestic adj diadi,didebuli,laRi
majesty n didebuleba,sidiade
one's ~ (vinme) udidebulesoba(mimar-
Tva)
major adj mTavari,udidesi,wonadi,mniSv-
nelovani,umTavresi,Zireuli
~avenue mTavari gza,ZiriTadi mimar-
tuleba,xeivani
~factor mtavari piroba/faqtori
~gap mniSvnelovani wyvetili
majority n adj umetesoba,umravlesoba;
 სარჩევი
umetesi,umravlesi
in the ~ umravlesobiT
in the great ~ of instances umeteswilad,
umetes SemTxvevSi...
the vast ~ didi umetesoba
majuscule adj asomTavruli damwerloba
make(cf do) v gakeTeba (imisi,rac saku-
Tari naazrevia mag. namcxvari)
~headway winsvla
~impression STabeWdilebis moxdena
~interment dakrZalva
~sb do sth aiZulo vinme gaakeTos…
~sb to do sth gaakeTebino rame mag.
raRacam amatira.gamacina
~sth older/younger v daZveleba/gaax-
algazrdaveba
~thrust to…garRveva=Sesvla teritori-
aze
maker n gamkeTebeli ramisa
makeup v n forma,Sedgena,Serigeba,mog-
roveba,Camoyalibeba,agebuleba,Sem-
adgenloba,Sevseba,xasiaTi ramis
malachite n adj malaqiti(s)
melady n raime daavadeba
meld v ori sxvadasxva liTonis Sednoba
male(see female) n adj (mama)kaci/kacuri,
mamri,mamrobiTi,xvadi=mamali
~ line kacis(mamis/mamris) xazi
maleness n (mama)kacoba/kacuroba
malignant adj avi(patina),arakeTilSobi-
li,avTvisebiani
malleable adj Wedadi
mallet n xis CaquCi
mamfold v xelnaweris gamravleba
mamiform adj ZuZusebri
mammal n ZuZumwovari
mammalian n adj mewveli saqoneli
mammary glands n sarZeve jirkvlebi
man n adamiani,(mama)kaci
best ~ nefis xelismomkide/mejvare
go between ~ Suakaci
~ like adj adamianisebri
~ made adj adamianis gakeTebuli
~ of mould ubralo mokvdavi
~ of straw vinmes magieri
~ of wide reading nakiTxi adamiani
man’s expectation of life sicocxlis sava-
raudo xangrZlivoba
~ handiwork adamianis xeliT gakeTe-
buli
manage(r)(ment) v n mogvareba,maerTva,mo-
xerxeba,saqmis gaZRola/gawv-
153
doma; samuSaoTa mwarmoebeli
manageable adj v martvadi,damyoli,gaxe-
edna,is,risi Sesrulebac SeiZleba
mane n fafari
manger n baga (saqonlis)
manhole n miwisqveSa saZromi
Manichaeism n maniqeveloba
Manichean n maniqeveli
manifest v adj gamoaSkaraveba,TvalSisa-
cemi,aSkara,naTeli,Cveneba,aRmoCe-
na,damtkiceba,gacxadeba,warmoCena
sth became ~ aSkara gaxda,gamoaSkarav
da
sth ~ itself in sth raRacam Tavi iCina
raRacaSi
manifestally adv aSkarad
manifestation(s) n gamovlineba(ni),gamoCena
~ of sth ramis gamovlineba
manifold adj sxvadasxvagvari
mankind n kacobrioba
manna n mananis burRuli/cis manana
manner n manera,wesi
careless(crude,cursory,immature,offhand,
rough,unkempt) ~ dauxvewavi manera
delicate(accurate,accomplished,elaborate,
neat,sophisticated) ~ daxvewili manera
general ~ Cveulebrivi ~
in clear-cut ~ naTlad,mkveTrad,garkve-
ulad,reliefurad
in the consistent ~ Tanmimdevruld
in the following ~ amgvarad,Semdegnairad
~ of creation(execution,rendition,treatment)
Sesrulebis manera
~ of depiction gamoxatvis ~
~ of manufacture damzadebis ~
~ of rendering gadmocemis ~
manor n mebatonis mamuli
~ house mebatonis saxli mamulSi
manorial adj mebatonis,sabatono
manos and metates AmE. zeda da qveda
qvebi marcvlis sasresad
manpower n muSaxeli, kacis Zala
mansion(see palace) n sasaxle
mantle n safari, samefo porfiri
purple ~ Zoweuli/porfiri(samosi)
manual n adj saxelmZRvanelo,xeliT ga-
sakeTebeli/saxmari
manuals n pl xelosnobis nawarmi=xelna
keTi
manufacture n v gakeTeba,damzadeba,war-
moeba
seat of ~ warmoebis centri
 სარჩევი
technique of ~ damzadebis teqnika
manufactured adj damzadebuli,warmoebu-
li
~ goods xelosnobis nawarmi
manufacturer n mwarmoebeli
manufacturing adj mwarmoebeli
~activity mewarmeoba
~centre mwarmoebeli/samrewvelo
centri
~technology sawarmoo teqnologia
manuscript n xelnaweri (axali/Zveli)
many adj bevri (Tvladi)
~ coloured adj mravalferi, Wreli
~ fold adj sxvadasxvagvari
~ times adv bevrjer,mravaljer
map(ing) n v ger ruka,rukis keTeba,ru-
kaze datana
draw(plot/trace) on the ~ rukaze datana
maple tree n adj nekerCxali/nekerCxlis
marble n adj marmarilo(si)
in ~ adv adj marmariloTi/marmarilosi
~ like=marbled adj marmarilosebri
simulating ~ marmarilos msgavsad/msga-
si
March n marti=igrika=mirkani
march n v mwyobrSi siaruli=marSi
~against/on country galaSqreba qveyanaze
~upon n v mtris Semoseva,laSqriT
gadavla qveyanaze=mospoba,dalaSqvra
marches… v pr.simp.3rd p. esazRvreba…
mared adj aRiarebuli
margin n aSia=furclis mindori,zRvari
marginal adj ganapira,kidis,sanapiro,sasa-
zRvro,ukiduresi,gariyuli
marine(see maritime,naval) adj zRvisa,sazR-
vao
~gastropod n zRvis mucelfexa
~ power sazRvao saxelmwifo
marital(see marriage,matrimony) adj saqorwi
no
~ pattern/rite qorwinebis wesi
maritime(see marine,naval) adj sazRvao,
zRvispira,zRvis sanaspiro
~ belt zRvispira zoli
~route zRvis/sazRvao gzebi(T)
~state sazRvao saxelmwifom
~trade zRvis/sazRvao vaWroba
marjoram n adj TavSava(si)(sakmazi),Origa-
num majorana n adj TavSava(sakmazi)
~ n adj cereco(si), Origanum spp.
mark n v anasaxi,anabeWdi,daRi,damRa,kva-
li,niSani; mozomva,moniSvna,daniSvna,
154
dadamRva,niSnis dadeba,dadaRva,Semo
sazRvra,gamokveTa,Wdeva,xazgasma,aR-
niSvna,moniSvna,dadgena
~ anniversary wlisTavis aRniSvna
high-water ~ mwvervali mag.poeziis
~merchandise damRa raime saqonelze
~ of favour pativiscemis niSani
~ of occupation cxovrebis kvali
~off v Semosazrvra
~out v moniSvna,mozomva,margilis Cas-
ma
~ the edge SemosazRvra
tool ~ xelawyos xmarebis kvali
marked adj aRniSnuli,SesamCnevi,niSniani
niSandadebuli,mkveTad gamoxatuli
~ by sth aRsaniSnavi(a) raRaciT
~ superiority aSkara upiratesoba
~with sth aRbeWdili ramiT
markedly adv SesamCnevad,aSkarad,savseb-
biT,sagrZnoblad,TvalSisacemad
~different/similar aSkarad gansxvavebuli/
msgavsi
marker n Wdis/damRis damsmeli,damRa
~of sth maCvenebeli/niSani ramis
marking adj aRmniSvneli,maCvenebeli
market n adj v bazari; sabazro;bazroba
=vaWroba=yidva-gayidva
burgeoning ~ Canasaxovani bazari
clandestine art ~ xelovnebis nimuSTa
ukanono bazari
consumer ~ samomxmareblo bazari
~ led economy sabazro ekonomika
~ place bazari=bazris moedani
marl n afj tkili(s)
marriage(see marital,matrimony) n adj qor-
wineba,saqorwino
~ alliance saqorwino kavSiri
before ~ qorwinebamdeli
institution of ~ qorwinebis instituti/
wesi
~ pattern/rite ~ forma/wesi
married adj gaTxovili,coliani,daqorwi-
nebuli
~ couple col-qmari=daqorwinebuli
wyvili
marrow n adj Zvlis tvini(s),arsi,arseba,
sicocxlis Zala
marry v gaTxoveba,colis SerTva=daqor-
wineba
marsh n Waobi
marshal v maTva ramis(ara transportis)
marshaled adj ganlagebuli
 სარჩევი

marshmallow n adj alTe(si) (balaxi),Alth- lili qvebis wyoba

eae officinalis Lat. mass(see burial,production) n adj v masa,ma-
marsh-marigold n adj baia(si)(mc),Calta pa- sivi,masiuri,uamravi,uzarmazari,bev-
lustris Lat. ri; Tavmoyra; locva,liturgia
marshotter(see mink,otter) n wavis evropu- ~burial koleqtiuri samarxi
li jiSi ceramic ~ keramikuli masa
marque n karavi clinker ~ Secxobili ~
marten n kverna Martes gen. Lat. enamel ~ minanqris ~
martial adj mxedruli, samxedro glaze ~ minisebri ~
~ arts sabrZolo xelovneba hardened ~ gaciebuli ~
~ law saomari mdgomareoba molten glass ~ damdnari minis ~
Martialis n marsisadmi miZRvnili ~ of bevri,uamravi,uzarmazari
martyr n martvili,mowame,wamebuli paste ~ keramikuli masa=pasta
proto ~ pirvelmowame plastic ~ moqnili masa
martyrdom n martviloba ~ produced masiurad warmoebuli
martyrium/martyrii n sing/pl Lat. martiri- ~ production masiuri nawarmi/warmoeba
umi rigid ~ magari/udreki masa
martyrize(see torture) v wameba massif n masivi=teritoria
marvel n saswauli massive(ly) adj adv masiuri/masiurad,di-
marvelous adj ubrwyinvalesi,gasaocari di/didad,masobrivi/masobrivad,mZime(d)
~ victory ZlevaÁ sakvirveli on ~ scale didi/masiuri raodenobiT
masculine adj mamruli,meomruli massacre n v amoxocva,gaJleta,darbeva,
mash(ed) v azel(v)a/azelili,(da)mtvreva xocva-Jleta
damtvreuli Master n ufali,meufe,mfarveli,patroni,
mask n niRabi RmerTi
animal ~ cxovelsaxiani ~ master n batoni,ostati,maswavlebeli,aR
burying ~ dasakrZalavi/micvalebulis~ mzrdeli,moZRvari,ga(n)mgebeli,mfar
ceremonial/ritual ~ saweso ~ veli
pertrait ~ portretuli ~ v gawafva,daostateba,xelobis daxvewa
mason n kalatozi daostateba=daxelovneba
masonry(see bricking,stone) n aguris/qvis adj daxelovnebuli
wyoba ~ of cattle pirutyvis mfarveli RvTaeba
ashlar ~ Tlili qvis ~ ~ ~ ceremonies RonisZiebis wamyvani=
ashlar technique mSrali wyobiT Seneba ceremonmaisteri
close-fitting ~ piri-pirze ~ ~ ~ the earth miwis mfarveli RvTaeba=
Cyclopean ~ ciklopuri ~ ufali
dry ~ (see stonework) mSrali wyoba ~ ~ woods tyis meufe
dry-building ~ mSrali/uduRabo ~ ~ plot gengegma
embricated ~ qerclisebri ~ mastered adj daostatebuli,daxelovne-
herringbone ~ grigala/Tevzifxeri ~ buli,daxvewili
inbod ~ ganivi ~ masterhood n ostatoba
isodomos ~ isodomuri ~ mastering ger daxelovneba rameSi
opus interralise saxiani ~ masterly adv daxvewilad,virtuozulad,
opus vermiculatum mozaikuri/lenturi~ ostaturad
quarry stone ~ yoruli ~ masterpiece n xelovnebis nimuSi,Sedevri
random ~ uformo/uxeSi ~ Master's Palace(see Master) uflis saxli
re-lay the ~ wyobis xelaxla gadawyoba mastership n ostatoba
rubble core sandwiched between ashlar ~ mastery n ostatoba,daxelovneba rameSi
qviT nagebi kedeli mopirkeTebuli ~ cult xelosnobis kulti
orive mxridan qvis filebiT mat n adj sagebi,safeni,Wilofi(s),dabin-
rusticate(ion) v n rustiki=fasadze mkve duli,bundovani,mqrqali
Trad gamoburculi,uxeSad gaT- match v adj gatoleba=gasworeba vinmes-

155
 სარჩევი
Tan/ramesTan,Sexameba,morgeba,miyene-
neba; toli=fardi
~maker n maWankali qali
no ~ for sth Seusabamo
sth ~ sth Tanxvedra,Sexameba
matchable adj morgebuli,Sesaferisi,Sexa
mebuli
matched adj morgebuli,Sexamebuli
matchless adj ubadlo,uebro,sworupova-
ri,Seudarebeli
mate n magieri,meuRle,mewyvile
material n adj masala; nivTieri=materi-
aluri
arrange ~ masalisdalageba/mowesri-
geba
constructed of ~ nagebi raRac masaliT
~ culture materialuri kultura
differencies in ~ sxvaoba masalaSi
~ equipment materialurad aRWurvili
high value~ maRali xarisxis saqoneli
plastic ~ drekadi.moqnili masala
~referent uqoneli/Raribi vinme/qveyana
~ relics materialuri naSTebi
space filling ~ sicarielis Sesavsebi/
Semvsebi masala
timber ~ xis masala
vitreous ~ minisebri/minis masala
~wealth materialuri simdidre
wide rang of ~ mravalferovani ~
materials n pl masalebi
building ~ samSenebli ~
bone/osteon ~ Zvlovani ~
perishable ~ masalebi,romlebic nad-
gurdeba/qreba(siZvelis/drois
xangrZlivobis gamo)
raw ~ nedleuli ~
~ subject to decay masalebi,romlebic Za
lian advilad qreba=lpeba=mtvrad
iqceva
materially adv materialurad
matins=matins n ciskris locva
meticulous(ly) adv adj gamowvlilviT(i),
zedmiwevniT(i)
matness n bundovaneba,simqrqale
matrimony(see marital,marriage) n col-
qmroba=qorwineba
matrimonial adj ojaxuri
matrix n Semkvreli nivTiereba,madani,Se-
madgenloba/qsovili ramis
matrix/matrices n sing/pl Lat. forma,Targi,
yalibi,matrica
matter n ambavi,arsi,movlena,sagani(kama-
156
Tis/naSromis),samuSao,Sinaarsi,saki-
Txi,Tema,nivtiereba,masala,mizezi
no~ how mniSvneloba ar aqvs rogor..
~ of concern sazrunavi
~ ~ controversy uTanxmoebis sagani
~ discussion/dispute ganxilvis/kamaTis~
~ ~ great difficulty saZnelo/Zneli saqme
~ ~ interest dainteresebis sagani
matting n lerwmis=Wilofis safeni
mattock n Tox-weraqvi=qarCi
mature adj damwifebuli,daRvinebuli,dax
vewili,zrdasruli,momwifebuli
~ age srulwlovanebis asaki,zrdasru-
li
mature v ganviTareba
maturate v damwifeba/momwifeba mag. yve-
lis,daRvineba
matured adj daRvinebuli,momwifebuli,
ganviTarebuli
maturity n simwife,mowifuloba,momwife-
buloba
mausoleum/mausolea n sing/pl Lat. mavzo-
leumi
maverick n seqtanti,disidenti
maw n faSvi
maxim n principi,sentencia,WeSmariteba
copy-book ~ anbanuri WeSmariteba
maximum adj zRvruli,udidesi,maqsimumi
at a ~ maqsimum…
Maximus adj didi(mag. aleqsandre)
May n maisi=mariali=vardobisa
may v SeiZleba,albaT
~ be adv albaT,SesaZloa
~ ~ explained aixsneba,SeiZleba aixsnas
~ ~ paralleled eZebneba paraleli
meadow n mdelo,mindori,saTibi
~ sweet n adj ombalo(si), Pea pratensis
Lat. (ix.MMenta…)
meager adj mwiri (raodenoba masalis),
arasakmarisi,gamxdari,mcire,samarxvo
~evidence mwiri/uRimRamo masala
meagerness n simwire,sigamxdre,SezRu-
duloba
meal n kerZi,sakvebi,ijra,ulufa,trapeze
mean n adj v Sualedi; mcire,mdare,ara-
keTilSobili,uxerxuli,susti,Zunwi,
saSualo; gulisxmoba ramis
meander n sing/pl meandri
liniar ~ xazovani ~
wavy ~ talRuri/talRovani ~
meaning(ful) n adj mniSvneloba; mniSvne-
ni=azriT saves,mravalmniSvnelovani
 სარჩევი
meaningless(ly) adj adv umniSvnelo(d),uaz
rod(d), aramkveTri
means n saSualeba,unari,xerxi
by ~ of sb/sth saSualebiT vinmesi/ra-
misa
by no ~ udaod,ueWvelad,araviTar Sem
TxvevaSi
~ of solution gadawyvetis/mogvarebis
xerxi,ramis gakeTebis saSualeba
~ ~ subsistence saarsebo saSualeba
meant adj nagulisxmevi
meanwhile adv amasobaSi,jerjerobiT,
amavdroulad,droTa ganmavlobaSi
measure n v sazomi; (g)azomva,mozomva,
gamoangariSeba
~against zomebis miReba ramis sawi-
naaRmdegod
measuring… zomiT.., woniT…
~ by… zomiT…
~ 3 by 5 zomebia/zomiT 3x5
measurement(s) n zoma/zomebi
measures zomebis miReba=zomebi
~ 25 x 56 m zoma/zomiT...
meat n adj xorci(s) (sakvebi)
medal n medali
medallion n medalioni
media n saSualeba
~of expression gamoxatvis ~
median adj Sualeduri
mediate/mediatiom v n Suamavloba
mediator(y) n adj momrigebeli,Suamavali;
saSuamavlo
medical adj samedicino,samkurnalwamlo
~ case wamlebis yuTi
medicine n adj wamali/wamlis
Medieval=Medeival adj Sua saukuneebi,Sua-
saukunoebrivi
medium adj adv saSualo(d),Sua(ledi),sa-
Sualeba,maCvenebeli ramis
~ size saSualo zomis/sididis
through the ~ of sth ramis saSualebiT
meerschaum n adj xvirTqli(s)(minerali)
meet v Sexvedra,vinmes gacnoba
~ requirements moTxovnilebaTa dakma-
yofileba(mag.sakvebze,wirwelze)
meeting n (Se)kreba, Sexvedra
~ house n salocavi
Megalaceros n giganturi iremi
megalithic adj megaliTuri
~ chamber dolmen
megaron/megara n sing/pl Lat. megaroni
Meher Kapisi n Turk. cru kari kedelze
157
CarCoTi moniSnuli
meld v Sereva/Serwyma ramisa ramesTen
melt(ed) v adj dnoba,lRoba; damdnari
melting adj ger sadnobi; dnoba
~ furnace sadnobi Rumeli
~ point dnobis wertili
~ pot tigeli
member n wevri
membership n wevroba
~ fee sawevro Sesatani
memento of…mosagonari ramisa,samaxsov-
ro nivTi
memorabilia n pl usu. samaxsovro/memori-
ri nivTebi
memorable adj dauvuwyari,Rirssaxsovari
memories n pl mogonebani
memorize v damaxsovreba,xsomeba
memory n mexsiereba,xsovna,mogoneba
menagerie n samxece
mend(ed) v adj awyoba/awyobili,gaaxleba
gaaxlebuli,gankurneba/gankurnebu-
li,mowesrigeba/mowesrigebuli,Sed-
gena/Sedgenili,SekeTeba/SekeTebuli
mendicant(see monk,votary) n beri
Menta pulegium n adj Lat. ombalo(si)
mental adj gonebrivi,saazrovno,sulieri
~ reproduction mexsierebiT aRdgena
~ work gonebrivi samuSao
mentally adv gonebiT,gonebaSi,sulierad
mentality n Wkua,goneba,gonebrivi ganviTa
Tareba(SesaZlebloba,wyoba),suli-
ereba
mention(ed) n v adj aRniSvna,dasaxeleba/
dasaxelebebuli,moxsenieba/moxse-
niebuli,xseneba/xsenebuli
above ~ zemo(T)xsenebuli
just ~ axlaxan/es-esaa naxsenebi
mentioning ger (mo)xsenieba
not ~ ger mouxsenebloba
mentor n moZRvari=aRmzrdeli
mercantile adj merkantiluri
~ minded merkantilurad ganwyobili,
merkantiluri daniSnulebiT
mercenary n adj moqiravne mebrZoli; an-
garebiani,vaWruli
from ~ motives gamorCenis mizniT
merchandise(ing) v ger vaWroba
merchant n vaWari
mercy n wyaloba,(gul)mowyaleba,Sewya-
leba
mere n adj zRvari,kide,mijna,niSnuli;
fuWi,ubralo,umniSvnrlo,Cveulebrivi
 სარჩევი

~fact ubralo faqti ~ refractory ~ Zneldnobadi ~

~ mortal ubralo mokvdavi ~rich liTonebiT mdidari mxare/qveyana
merely adv ubralod,umetesad ZiriTadad ~ road liTonis gza
merge(d) into v adj Serwyma/Serwymuli,Se- sheet ~ furclovani ~
reva/Sereuli,Cafloba/Cafluli ~ smith(ary) n meliTone(oba)
mergeing in STanTqma erTisgan meorisa soldering ~ advildnobadi ~
mergence n urTierTSerwyma ~ stripe liTonis zoli/lenti
meridional grow gafarToeba samxreTisken ~ types ~ nivTTa tipebi
merit v damsaxureba,Rirseba ~ work(s) ~ nawarmi
sth ~ sth raRac imsaxurebs raRacas ~ worker n meliTone
merlon n qonguri ~ working n meliToneoba,liTonis damu-
mermaid n ali,sirinozi,tyis feria Saveba=metalurgia
mesocephalic n saSualo zomis Tavis qa- metallic adj liTonuri
liani=mezocefali ~ ware liTonisebr naprialebi WurWe-
message n Setyobineba=gzavnili,gamocx li
adeba,zeSTagoneba,cnoba metalliferrous adj liTonis Semcveli,li-
messenger n moambe,mauwyebeli,Sikriki ToniT mdidari
~ of good news maxarobeli metallurgical adj metalurgiuli
send a word by ~ SeTvla/SeuTvala ~ activity ~ saqmianoba
Messiah n mesia metallurgy n metalurgi(a)
masocranium n mezokranuli ferrous ~ Savi ~
Mesolithic adj mezoliTis,mezoliTuri great familiarity with ~ metalurgiis (Za-
mesomphalos n pinaki lian) kargi codna
metal n adj liToni(s) non-ferrous ~ feradi ~
base/impure ~ minarevebiani ~ metamorphose n v metamorfoza
beaten ~ naWedi liToni metatorium n Lat. eklesiis saWurWle/sa-
~ blooming blumingi=liTonis gabrtye laro
leba method n meTidi,saSualeba,xerxi
~ burnish/luster liTonis/liTonuri ~of attachment/fitting mierTebis manera/
bzinva(reba) xerxi
~ burnishing ~ foladisebri ~ ~ ~hafting/mounting on damagrebis xerxi
~ chasing liTonmqandakebloba,liTon- ~ ~manufacture warmoebis meTodi
ze kveTa ~ ~solution gadawyvetis meTodi/xerxi
corroded ~ daJanguli/Cofura liToni ~ ~treatment damuSavebis ~ ~
~ crafts/working liTondamuSaveba=meli- methodology n meTodologia
meliToneoba on ~ meTodologiaze(dayrdnobiT),me-
embossed ~ Semkuli/ornamentirebuli TodologiaSi
ferrous ~ Savi liToni meticulous(ly) adj zedmiwevniT(i) zusti,
in ~ liToniT/liTonis gamowvlilviT(i)
less ~ rich liTonebiT Raribi mxare/ metopa/metopae=metope n sing/pl Lat. meto
qveyana pi
~ like adj liTonisebri metopic adj metopuri
molten ~ Txieri liToni metre n leqsTwyobis metri
obtain ~ liTonis mopoveba/miReba metric adj metruli
native/virgin ~ TviTnabadi ~ metropolitan n mitropoliti
non-ferrous ~ feradi ~ mezzanine n qoredi
non-shrinking ~ uminarevo ~ mica n adj qarsi(s)
not tempered ~ uwrTobi ~ microburine n patara burRi
precious ~ Zvirfasi ~ microinset n mikroCasarTi
~ production liTonwarmoeba microlith(s) n mikroliTi,Qvis namtvrevebi
~ rare earth ~ iSviaTi ~ rectangle ~ sworkuTxa ~
recover the ~ from ore madnis gamdidreba segmented ~ segmenturi ~

158
 სარჩევი

trapezoid ~ trapeciuli ~ milk n adj v rZe/rZis; (mo)wvela

mid… pref. Sua... breast ~ qalis rZe
~century N saukunis Sua xanebi/Sua sa- mill n v sawarmo,wisqvili; danayva,dafqva
ukune bed stone wisqvilis qveda qva
~ way n adj Sua gza(ze),SuaSi hand ~ (grain rubber/quern) xelis wisq
~ wife n bebiaqali vili
midden n nagavi phalii n xvimiris kriWa
middle adj Sua,saSualo ~ race wisqvilis Rari; saRvariani wis
after the ~ of… Sua xanebis Semdeg qvili
~ Ages ~ saukuneebi runner n wisqvilis zeda qva
at the ~ stop Sua(ze) seeder n adj xvimiri(s)
before the ~ of… Sua xanebamde ~ stone ~ qva
~ late=middle late gviani ~ xanebi water ~ wylis wisqvili
~ layer/level ~ fena ~ wheel ~ borbali
~ man ~ kaci,Suamavali milled adj (wisqilSi) dafqvili
~ part ~ nawili miller n mewisqvile
~ ring ~ rgoli milling n ger safqvavi,mewisqvileoba;fqva
midriff n diafragma millennial adj aTaswlovani,aTaswleulis
might(see may) n adv Zala; albaT,savara- millennium/millennia n sing/pl Lat. aTaswle-
udod,Zliereba,Zalaufleba uli
mighty adj Zlieri,Zalian didi,didi Za- over the ~ ~ aTaswleulis/aTaswleul-
lis mqone,Ronieri ebis ganmavlobaSi
migrate(ion)(see Exodus) v n gadasaxleba, millet n adj fetvi(s), Panicum miliaceum,
qveynidan wasvla Lat.
~in age gadasvla (sxva) xanaSi mimic adj mimbaZveli,aranamdvili,mimika,
~ to…from…gadasvla.migracia gayalbeba
migratory adj moZravi,migraciuli miming n gamometyveleba,mimikis eniT
~ bird gadamfreni frinveli minarety n minareTi
mild adj drekadi,zomieri,rbili mind n azri goneba,Wkua,mexsiereba
Milesian adj mileTeli bear in ~ xsomeba.gonebaSi qona
milistone n samani=sazRvris/manZilis maC- open ~ gaxsnili goneba
venebeli qva questioning ~ moazrovne goneba
mileux/milieu n Fr. samyaro(ebi),garemo minded adj gonieri
militancy n meomruloba,meomruli ganwyo open ~ gonebagaxsnili
ba mine n adj v maRaro,sabado,xvreli,Sax-
militant n mebrZoli,aqtivisti ti; samTo;madnis mopoveba
military adj samxedro,saomari,mxedruli ~ bottom Saxtis Ziri
~ act(ion)/operation(s) ~ moqmedeba(ni) ~ tools samTo xelsawyoebi
~ camp ~ banaki ~ work out ~ gamonamuSevari
~ encounter ~ ~ Setakeba miner n samToeli,memaRaroe,meSaxte
~establishment samxedroebi,meomrebi mineral n adj minerali/mineraluri,gana-
~ important samxedro TvalsazrisiT Txari
mniSvnelovani ~ ore wiaRiseuli
~ government ~ mTavroba ~wealth wiaRiseuli simdidre
~ men mxedroba,samxedro pirebi minerals n pl sasargeblo wiaRiseuli
~ purpose samxedro daniSnulebis mingle v areva,Sereva
~ road/highway ~ gza ~ in society sazogadoebaSi triali
~rout ~ gza/marSruti mining n adj memadneoba,samTo saqme;samTo
~ skill ~ niWi ~ work samTo samuSao(ebi)
the ~ samxedroebi(xalxi) minimum n adj minimum(i)
militate against v adasturebs/miuTiTebs at a ~ ~ sul cota...
sapirispiros ministry n samRvdeloeba

159
 სარჩევი
enter the ~ sasuliero wodebis miReba
mink(see marshotter,otter) n wavis amerik-
uli saxesxvaoba
Minoan adj minoseli/minosuri
minor adj mcire,naklebi,arasrulwlova-
ni,umrwmesi=umcrosi,umniSvnelo,pa-
tara,mcire,naklebi
~art mcire plastika
sth of ~ importance naklebmniSvnelovani
minority n umciresoba
minotaur n minotavri
minstrel adj sakaTedro
mint v n monetis/medlis moWra;zarafxa-
na
~ duty zarafxanis baJi
minter n zarafi
mints n adj baRis pitna, Menta spp. Lat.
minuscule adj nusxa-xucuri damwerloba
minute(see bead) n adj wuTi;pawawina,
mcire,mokle
minutes n pl oqmi, stenograma
miracle n saswauli
accomplish/work ~ saswaulis moxdena
~ working n saswaulmoqmedi
miraculous(ly) adj saswaulebrivi/saswaul
ebrivad
mirage n adj moCvenebiTi,warmosaxviTi,mi
raJi
mirror(ed) n v adj sarke; asaxva/asaxuli,
arekvla/areklili,aRbeWdva,gameoreba
~image zusti asli,anarekli
~like adj sarkisebri
misappropriate v ukanonod miTviseba
miscalculate v ver gaTvla/gaTvaliswineba
miscellaneous adj sxvadasxva,gaurkveveli
mischief n ubedureba
misfortune n gansacdeli, ubedureba
misinterpret(ation) v n arasworad/araswo-
ri axsna=gageba=interpretacia
mislay v uadgilo adgilas dadebuli
da amis gamo dakarguli ram
mislead(ing) v adj daRalateba,SecdomaSi
Seyvana,Ralati; araswori,mcdari
misleading adj damabneveli,matyuara ram,
araswori
misled adj Semcdari (vinme)
misname v saxelis Tqma/dawera damaxin-
jebulad
misnomer n damaxinjebuli saxeli,ara-
sworad naxmari sityva,Secdoma
by a ~ SecdomiT
mosogony n qalTmoZuleoba=lurjwvera
160
misread v adj arasworad wakiTxva/waki-
Txuli
miss v (g)acdena,monatreba,gamotoveba,
dakargva=maklia,SesaZleblobis xe-
lidan gaSveba
~ off v nakleboba ramis=aklia raRac
~ the target mizanze acdena
missing adj dakarguli, nakluli (nivTi)
mission n amocana,misia
missionary n misioneri
missle n satyorcni iaraRi
sling ~ n v Surdulis qva/srola
misspell v sityvis arasworad dawera
misspelt=misspeld adj arasworad daweri-
li
misprint n Secdoma nabeWdSi=mbeWdavis
Secdoma
mistake n v Secdoma; Secdena=Secdomis
daSveba
by a ~ SecdomiT
mistaken(ly) adj adv (Se)mcdari,SecdomiT
mistic adj mistiuri
mistreat(ment) v n vinmesadmi cudad moq-
ceva
mistress(see master) n mbrZanebeli/meufe
qali,qalbatoni,mfarveli qali
mistrust v n undobloba=ver ndoba
misunderstand(ing)(s) v n ver gageba=ara-
sworad gageba; gaugebroba(ni)
misuse v aradaniSnulebisamebr(araswo-
rad/borotad) gamoyeneba
mite n wvlili
mitre n mitra
mitten n calTiTa xelTaTmani
mix v (g)areva,Sereva
~ in v saWmlis Sekmazva
mixed adj areuli,narevi,Sereuli
~ character nairferoba,siWrele
mixture n nazavi,narevi,xsnari
moat n bliskini,TavdacviTi Txrili
mob n brbo,mdabior(n)i,wvrili eri
mobile adj moZravi,cvalebadi
mobiliary n xelovnebis mcire nimuSi
mobility n moZraoba,cvalebadoba,trans-
porti,manevruloba,gadasvla,gada-
tana,gadaadgileba
mode n orderi=forma,saSualeba,mode-
li,maketi,natura mxatvrisaTvis
forma,xerxi,moda,wesi
~ of art xelovnebis forma
~of economic subsistence ekonomiuri
arsebobis forma
 სარჩევი

~of living cxovrebis wesi siuri,monastruli

model(ed) n v adj modeli; (gamo)Zerwva/ monastery n monastery
qandakeba.(gamo)Zerwili/qandakebuli, ~complex samonastro kompleqsi
naZerwi,Camoyalibeba,Seqmna Monday n orSabaTi, mTovarisa; mTvare
~ by hand tlanqad/xeliT naZerwi Saint ~ vnebis kviris orSabaTi
finely ~ mSvenivrad naZerwi/nakveTi money(see coin) n fuli
modeller n mZerwavi,moqandake ~changer fulis gadamcvleli=mekerme
modellimg adj ger saZerwi; Zerwva,formis coined ~ moneta=fuli monetis saxiT
Seqmna,modelireba earned ~ gamomuSavebuli=naSovni fu-
~ technique Zerwvis teqnika li
~ with clay bands lenturi Zerwva ~ lender mevaxSe
moderate(ly) adj adv zomieri/zomierad, token ~ wvrili fuli
mokrZalebuli/mokrZalebulad monetary adj fuladi
modern adj axlandeli,dRevandeli,Tana- ~ management ~ meurneoba
medrove,mimdinare pre ~ fulis gaCenamde periodi
~ day axlandeli ~ ~ function of bronze brinjaos wina-
in ~ times axla re fuladi funqcia
~ plain/surface velis Tanamedrove done ~ sirculation fulis brunva
modernity n Tanamedroveoba ~ transaction ~ mimoqceva
modernize(d)(ation) v adj n gaTanamedrove- ~ value fuladi Rirebuleba/Sefaseba
droveoba/gaTanamedrovebuli,gada- monitor(ing) n meTvalyure(oba),morige,ze-
keTeba,gadakeTebuli damxedveloba
modest(ly) adj adv mokrZalebuli/mokrZa- monk(see mendicant,votary n beri,mwiri
lebulad,ubralo(d),uRimRamo(d), monks n pl samRvdeloeba
saSualo(d),Tavmdabali/Tavmdablad monochromatic adj erTi ferisa,monoqro-
TavSekavebuli/TavSekavebulad,mokr muli
Zalebuli/mokrZalebulad,saSualo monogram n ligature,monograma
(d),sada(d),Zunwi/Zunwad,zomieri monograph n adj monografia/monografi-
modification n cvlileba=ganaxleba,Secv- uli
la ukeTesiT,gaumjobeseba monolithic adj daunawevrebeli=erTi
modify v gaumjobeseba=ganaxleba,morge- mTliani,monoliTi,monoliTuri
ba,Secvla,gadakeTeba/gadamuSaveba ~ column shaft erTi mTliani sveti
modillion= modillion with double volute=scroll
Monophysit n adj monofiziti/monofizi-
modillion frCxili gvirgvinis,an lavgar-
turi
danis qveS (ornamenti)
monotonous(ly) adj adv erTferovani/erT-
modish adj moduri
ferovnad
moist n adj nesti(ani),teni(ani),danesti-
monotony n erTferovneba
anebuli
monstrous adj uzarmazari,saSineli,urCx-
moisten v danestianeba,datenianeba,das-
xulisebri
veleba
monument(al)(see site) n adj Zegli,monumen
moisture n adj orTqli,sinotive,teni,nes-
turi
ti; orTqlis
~art monumenturi xelovneba
~ proof adj tengamZle
victory ~ gamarjvebis Zegli
mold n mtveri,obi,yalibi
~writing monumenturi warwera
~ of time saukuneTa mtveri
monumentality n monumenturoba
molt v (gvelis) tyavis gamocvla
mood n ganwyoba=xasiaTi
momentarily adv dauyovnebliv,swrafad
Moon Goddess MmTvaris qalRmerTi
momentous adj RirsSesaniSnavi,mniSvne-
moon n mTvare
lovani
crescent/new ~ axali mTvare
momentum n mamoZravebeli Zala
full ~ savse ~
monastic(ism) adj n monastruli,samonas-
~ symbol mTvaris simbolo
tro; beroba
moonstone n adj mTvaris(ebrauli) qva/
~ way of life saeklesio,samonastro,ekle

161
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qvis ~ maker=mosaisist ~ ostati

moorland n mananis buCqebiT dafaruli pebble ~ kenWebis mozaika
adgili mosaiced adj mozaikiT dafaruli
moot adj mwvave,sadao,saCqaro mosque n meCeTi
~ point/question sadao sakiTxi moss(y) n adj xavsi(ani)
more adj umetesi,meti(c),ufro metad overgrown with ~ daxavsebuli,xavsmode-
far ~ gacilebiT meti buli
~or less cotad Tu bevrad,metnaklebad Most High uzenaesi=RmerTi
not ~ than araumetes vidre... most adj umetes..,umetesi,ukiduresi
~ than likely aSkarad Mother of God= Theotokos (Gr) deda RvTis
morel n adj xarisfaSva(si) (soko) mSobeli
moreover adv ufro metic Mother Superior(see Father) eklesiis wina-
mores n pl Lat. Cvevebi mZRvari qali=iRumenia
morning n dila mother n deda
Morning Prayer ciskris locva ~ city(see capital) mTavari qalaqi
morocco n adj tarsikoni(s) ~ country samSoblo, metropolia
mortal(see mere) n adj mokvdavi,momakvdi- first ~ saerTo winapari qali
nebeli ~ language/tongue MmSobliuri ena
~ sin momakvdinebeli codva ~ of pearl(see pearl) n adj sadafi(s)
mortality n sikvdilianoba ~ worth n adj Savbalaxa(si), Leonurus
mortar n adj rodini; alizis/samSeneblo Gen. Lat.
xsnari(s), duRabi(s) motif(see decoration,design,ornament,pattern)
~ bedding alizis/duRabis Semzadeba n ornamentis saxe(oba), motivi
kedlis ZirSi cavetto ~ fosoebis ornamenti
~ board n qafCa curvilinear ~ grexilxazovani ~
cementing/connecting ~ Semkvreli xsna figure-eight ~ rvianis formis ~
ri flipper-shaped ~ farflisebri ~
clay ~ Tixis ~ fringy ~ foCebis/funjebis ~
lime ~ kirxsnari guilloche ~ grexili ~
pebble-dash ~ kenWebnarevi duRabi/ hunting ~ nadirobis scena ~
baTqaSi ladder ~ kibisebri/kibis msgavsi ~
water ~ =hydraulic ~ hidravlikuri ~ lattice ~ baduri ~
mortarium/mortarii n sing/pl Lat. duRabis leaf ~ foTliani ~
mosazeli WurWeli Maltese Cross ~ malturi jvris ~
mortified adj mokvdinebuli,CaxSobili palmette ~ foTlovani/palmetis ~
mortify v mokvdineba,mokvla,Cakvla,CaxSo pelta ~ berZnul-romauli farisebri~
ba petalled ~ foTlovani=yvavilis furc-
mortise n foso,romelSic jdeba meore lisebri ~
detalis Sverili/wkiri rope ~ grexili/Tokisebri ~
~ slot bude, Rari S-motif S-is formis ~
mortuary n sacxedre=morgi,micvalebuli scallop-shell canopy ~ savarcxela niJa-
sa,sakrZalavi ris ~
~ headband micvalebulis Tavsakravi/ tendril-like ~ lerwisebri/vazis ulvaSi-
gvirgvini sebri ~
~ house micvalebulTa saxli sakrZa- trellis ~ badura ~
lavi
wreathened ~ grexili ~
~ practices dakrZalvis wesi
motion(less) n adj moZraoba, uZravi
mosaic n adj mozaika/mizaikis,mozaikuri,
motivate(ion) v n miznis dasaxva=motivi-
mozaikiT dafaruli
reba,mizani=motivacia
inlayed with ~ mozaikiT dafaruli/moge-
motive n mizani=motivi,mizezi
buli
mottle(d) adj dawinwkluli
lay with ~ mozaikis dageba
motlley adj Wreli

162
 სარჩევი
motto n adj epigrafi,xotba; saxotbo
warwera Rerbze
moufflon sheep n arxari Ovis musimon Lat
mould n adj v yalibi=forma/sayalibe,
obi(s),noyieri miwa;aRbeWdva,yalib-
Si Camosxma,Camagreba,daobeba
air-dry sand ~ haerze gamomSrali ya-
libi
~ away/down v daSla,gaxrwna,danawev-
reba
bivalve ~ orsagduliani yalibi
~ board guTnispiris frTa
closed/lost wax ~ daxuruli yalibi=
cvilis modelis dakargvis
~ craftsmanship yalibis keTebis osta-
toba,codna,meyalibe(oba)
loam ~ Tixis yalibi
obtain from ~ dayalibebiT/yalibiT
miRebuli
~ of time saukuneTa mtveri
open ~ Ria ~ gaping ~ pirRia,xaxadaRebuli
two-piece ~ ornawiliani yalibi
~ working yalibis keTeba
moulded adj yalibSi Camosxmuli,gamokve-
Tili,nakveTi
not ~ casting uyalibo Camosxma
moulding n adj lavgardani,naZerwi orna-
menti,bageti; saZerwi
mound n borcvi=miwis zvinuli samarx-
ze
summit of ~ borcvis wveri
Moundy Thursday didi xuTSabaTi
mount v taris dageba,asvla,dadgma/moT-
avseba,zrda,cxenze Sejdoma
~ for… Tvalbude (mag.beWdis)
~ in v Tvlis Casma (mag. beWedSi)
~ on v dasma/wamocma ramisa rameze,da-
magreba,zevidan dadeba,aRmarTva
~ on horseback v cxenze Sejdoma
~ with v ramis dadgma rameze/ramis
Tavze
mountain n adj mTa/mTis, maRalmTiani
~ area mTianeTi=mTa
~ building mTaTa warmoqmna
~ chain/ridge mTagrexili=qedi
chains of mountains mTaTa jaWvi=mTa-
grexili=qedi
~lofty ~ maRali mTa
~ pass(es) mTis uReltexil(eb)i
permeable of water wyalgamyofi qedi
~ stream mTis mdinare,niaRvari
tangle of…. mTebis rigi/wyeba
163
mountaineous adj mTiani,mTagoriani
~terrain mTagoriani reliefi
mounted adj raime Tavze dadagmuli/wa-
mocmuli ramiT
mounting n adj Sesamoseli,sagnebis nak-
rebi,saganze dasamatebeli nawi-
li,an masze wamosacmeli ram
mourn for/over v glova,godeba
mourner n mgloviare=motirali
mournful adj samgloviaro
mourning n ger ZaZebi; glova/godeba
in ~ adv glovaSi
observe a day of ~ glovis dRis aRniS-
vna
moustache(less) n adj ulvaSi, uulvaSo
Mousterian n adj mustie,musties xana
mouth n piri,xaxa,sadinari,mdinaris Se-
erTebis adgili zvasTan/sxva mdi-
naresTan
from ~ to ~ Taobidan Taobas
mouthpiece n sasule sakravis satuCe,
cxenis mundStuki
movable adj moZravi,gadasatani
movable adj gadastani,moZravi
~ holiday moZravi dResaswauli(mag.aRd-
goma)
~ property ~ qoneba
move v gaweva,(gada)adgileba/weva,gadas-
vla erTi adgilidan meoreze,moZra-
oba,gadasaxleba,sulierad SeZvra
gadatana/gadmotana
~ aside gverdze miweva/gadadeba
~back v ukan dabruneba/gawveva ramis
~ in society szogadoebaSi triali
~ over v Camocma,wamocma
sth ~ onwards to… raRac gadadis raRa
caSi
~ to v gadaadgileba
movement n moZraoba
mover(s) n mizez(eb)i,mamoZravebeli Zala
moving adj moZravi,SemZvreli
~ spirit and heart samSvinveli
mow(ing) v ger Tibva,celva
mowed adj iribad Cacelili
mower n mTibavi, celi
much adj adv bevri(Tvladi),gacilebiT..,
ufro
~ later gacilebiT gvian
~ less(er) ~ mcire/nakleb...
~ more ~ meti
~ of the… udidesi nawili ramisa
 სარჩევი

mud n adj talaxi(s),Tixatkepnili,ali- ~ piece muzeumis eqsponati

zi(s) ~ preserve(storage,holdings) muzeumis sa-
~and stone stream Rvarcofi cavi
~ brick n adj aliz-aguri(s) provincial ~ mxareTmcodneobis muzeumi
boxes of ~ ~ kazemati (fr) site ~ mxareTmcodneobis muzeumi
tempered ~ nazeli/natkepni Tixa staff for ~ samuzeumo masala
chaff ~ ~ bzenarevi alizi/talaxi music(al) n adj musika/musikaluri
muezzin n mueZini ~ instrument ~ sakravi
mug n kaTxa,tolCa must n adj v badagi(s); unda
mulberry n adj TuTa/TuTis muster v jaris Sekreba
mull sth over v gansja,mofiqreba,fiqri mustum(see new) n Lat. maWari
mullion n sveti karis/fanjris or frTas mute(d) adj munji,minavlebuli,Cumi
Soris mutilate(d) v adj damaxinjeba,damaxinjebu-
multi pref. mraval... li
multiauthored adj mravalavtoriani naS- mutiny n ajanyeba
romi mutual adj urTierT...
multichambered adj mravalsaTavsoiani ~ aid/help(ing) ~ daxmareba
multifarious adj sxvadasxvanairi,Wreli ~ contact ~ kavSiri
~ use mravalmxrivi gamoyeneba ~ dependence ~ damokidebuleba
multifrieze adj mravalfriziani ~ enrichment ~ gamdidreba
multi-petalled adj mravalfoTliani(yvavil ~ influence ~ gavlena
multiply v adj gamravleba,xSiri,mraval- mutually adv urTierT...
gzis,gazrda ~benefitial ~ sasrgeblo/momgebiani
~burial=mass burial koleqtiuri samarxi ~ depended ~ damokidebuli
multiplication n gamravleba ~ exclusive ~ gamomricxavi
multiroomed adj mravaloTaxiani ~ interrelated ~ dakavSirebuli
multitude of sth simravle,didZali raode- Mycaenian adj mikenuri
noba sagnebisa,brbo,mravali,umetesi myriad adj uTvalavi, myriad(eb)i
multivillage n adj ramdenime TavdacviTi myrrh n adj muri(s) (nelsacxebeli)
Txrili erTad ~ tree n adj muris mdinare xe/xis
multitude of sth simravle,mravali,didi ra mysteries n pl misteriebi,saidumloebani
odenoba ramis ~surrounding sth saidumloebiT moculi
multy-purpose adj mravali daniSnulebis mysterious adj bneliT mosili,gaurkveve-
mummification n dabalzameba=mumifikacia li,(gamo)ucnobi,idumali,saidum-
mummify v dabalzameba,damumieba lo,ucnobi,faruli
mummy n mumia ~ circumstances gaurkveveli viTareba
mundane n adj eriskaci=arasasuliero ~ name ucnobi saxeli
piri; saero, miwisa/miwieri mystery n misteria,saidumlo,gamocana,
~artifact/item saero nivTi idumaleba
~food/pottery mwiri sakvebi,keramika ~ name ucnobi saxeli
~pleasures miwieri siamovnebani mystic adj faruli,mistiuri
municipal(ity) adj n saqalaqo, qalaqis ~ power ~ Zalebi
TviTmmarTveloba myth(ical)(making) n adj ger miTi(uri),mi-
mural(s) n freska=naxati,kedlis mxat- Tis Seqmna
vroba mythological adj miTologiuri
musket n Toki mythologise(d) v adj miTologizeba/miTo-
murky adj bneli,saSineli/saSiSi,nislian logizebuli
Muse n muza mythologusing adj ger miTologiuri,miTo-
museum(see untouchable) n adj muzeumi,sa- logizacia
muzeumo de ~ miTologiurobis Camocileba
~ city/town muzeum-qalaqi
open-air ~ muzeumi Ria cis qveS
N

164
 სარჩევი

nacred adj sadafiT inkrustirebuli national(ity) adj n erovnuli,erovneba

nacked(see nude) adj SiSveli ~ cuisine ~ samzareulo
naiad n wylis feria=ali ~ identity ~ TviTmyofadoba/kuTvni
nail(see peg) n v lursmani,samsWvali,Ti- leba
Tis frCxili ~ unity ~ erToba
~ up v cxovelis daWedva nationhood n erovnuloba,saxelmwifoeb-
name n v vinaoba=gvari;ramis saxeli/sa- rioba
xelwodeba; saxelis darqmeva,dasa- native adj bunebrivi,mSobliuri,xalasi,
xeleba,CamoTvla,wardgena,wodeba (TviT)myofadi/nabadi,adgilobrivi,
cumulative ~ erTiani saxeli Tandayolili
execute in sb’s ~ ramis gakeTebe/Sesru- ~ inhabitant(living/settler) adgilobrivi
leba vinmes saxelze mcxovrebi
~ derives from… saxeli modis/warmoSo- ~ people/population mkvidri xalxi/mosa-
bilia xleoba
~ is a mystery/mysterious ~ (amo)ucnobia ~rock v adj dedaqani
~ is unknown ~ aravin icis/uc ~sth in the ~ state bunebrivi,ucvleli,
nobia xeluxlebeli
achieve/gain the ~ saxelis moxveWa natives (the) n pl adgilobrivni=mkvidri
as the ~ suggests… ~ mixedviT… mcxovrebni
big ~ (saxel)ganTqmuli/moxveWili Nativity (the) n Soba (naxati)
coin/invent the ~ saxelis Seqmna raime natural adj bunebrivi,ubralo,namdvili,
axlisaTvis aSkara,Tavisufali,saerTo
in the ~ of… vinmes saxeliT ~elements bunebrivi movlenebi
kep the ~ saxelis SenarCuneba ~ habitat bunebrivi areali/samyofeli
named after… ewoda saxeli=vinmes saxe- ~ law(s) bunebis kanon(eb)i
lobisa naturalist(ic)(ally) n adj adv naturalisti,
nameless adj usaxelo,ucnobi naturalisturi,naturalisturad
namely adv kerZod,saxeldobr ~design/motif mcenareuli ornamenti
and ~ kerZod ki... ~ shown naturalisturad gamosaxuli
naming ger wardgena,saxelis darqmeva naturalize(d) v adj moqalaqeobis miReba,
namesake n sexnia (ukve) romelime qveynis moqalqe
nap v daCeCva,dawewva naturally adv bunebrivad
nape n cxovelis qeCo nature n buneba,xasiaTi
nares n pl nestoebi broken ~ dazianebuli buneba/garemo
narrate(d)(ion) v adj n Txroba/mboba; mona nautical adj sazRvaosno
Txrobi; ambavi,naambobi,(mo)Txroba naval(see marine,maritime) adj sazRvaosno
proza,mokle Sinaarsi ~ power sazRvao saxelmwifo
narrative n adj TxrobiTi,Txroba,ambavi, nave n eklesiis navi/nefi
naambobi navel n kopi
~ art Txrobis xelovneba,zepirsityvi- naviform adj navisebri,navis formis
ereba navigable adj sanaosnod vargisi(mag.mdi-
narrow v adj daviwroveba,viwro nare)
~ gully viwro xevi/kanioni navigate(ion) v n naosnoba
~ passage ~ gasasvleli near adj adv axlo/maxlobeli; axlo/max-
narrowness n siviwrove loblad,gverdiT
confined ~ zRvruli ~ near-by adv mimdebare,mezobeli,mezoblad
narrows n pl viwroebi (mTebSi) nearby adv axlo(s),axlomdebare,gverd-
nasal adj cxviris(mieri) iT,iqve,maxloblad
nasturtium n adj dedoflis yvavili(s), nearest adj adv uaxlesi, uaxloesi
Tropaeolum Lat. nearly adv lamis,TiTqmis
nasty adj avi,saZageli nearness n siaxlove
nation n eri,xalxi neat adj daxvewili,faqizi,koxta,kopwia,

165
 სარჩევი
sufTa
rows of ~ dots wvril wertilTa rigebi
(ornamenti)
neatly adv daxvewilad,faqizad,koxtad,
kopwiad,kargad,sufTad,mwyobrad
~ cut kargad kveTili ram
~ shaped koxtad gamoyvanili,koxta
formis
neatness n sikoxtave,sisufTave,daxvewi-
loba
necessarily adv mainc da mainc,ucilob-
lad,aucileblad,rogorc wesi
necessary adj saWiro,aucilebeli
feel ~ CaTvalo rame aucileblad
necessitate v moiTxovo,aiZulo,gaxado
raime aucilebeli,daWirveba/daisa-
Wirova vinmem/ramem rame
necessities n pl yoveldRiuri moxmarebis
sagnebi
necessity n aucilebloba,saWiroeba
by the ~ to do sth aucileblobiT/saWi-
roebiT gamowveuli
neck(see throat) n kiseri
~ ing n WurWlis yeli
long ~ ~ ~ maRali ~
narrow.tubular ~ ~ ~ wvrili ~
non-separate ~ ~ ~ gamouyofeli ~
short ~ ~ ~ mokle ~
wide ~ ~ ~ ganieri ~
widening ~ ~ ~ yeli,romelic Tanda-
Tan farTovdeba
~ lace n yelsabami
~ ring n gvergvi,kirkali,xatisuReli
necked adj yelian WurWeli
necropolis/necropolies n sing/pl Lat. nekro-
poli=samarovani
nectar n adj neqtari/neqtris
need n v saWiroeba,moTxovnileba
~arise Cndeba saWiroeba
~for/of sth moTxovnieba/saWiroeba ramis
free from ~ saWiroebisagan Tavisufali
in ~ of saWiroebs…
~ to be done/made saWiroa…
there is no ~ araa saWiro
needed adj saWiro,aucilebeli
much ~ Zalze saWiro
needs v n pl saWiroebs; moTxovnilebani
for the ~ of… saWiroebisaTvis
satisfy ~ for sth moTxovnilebis dakmayo-
filebsa
needle(work) n nemsi, naqargi
needy adj gaWirvbuli,uqoneli,Raribi
166
negative adj uaryofiTi
~ surface ukana zedapiri
neglect v ugulvebelyofa,uyuradRebod
mitoveba,Tavis arideba,acileba,
uaryofa
neglected adj mitovebuli,uaryofili
neglectfully adv uyuradRebod
negligible adj mcire,umniSvnelo,araraoba
vinme
negotiate(ion)(s) v n pl molaparakeba(ni)
neighbour n moyvasi,mezobeli
immediate ~ axlo/uSualo mezobeli
love of ~ moyvasis mezobeli
neighbourhood n mezobloba,aremare,Se-
mogareni
in the ~ iqve,siaxloveSi,mezoblad,sa-
mezobloSi
neighbourhoods n pl Semogareni
neighbouring adj mimdebare,mezobeli
neither pron. arcerTi
~…nor pron. arc..arc
neo-classicism n neoklasicizmi
nephrite n adj nefriti(s)
nepotism n naTlimamoba=nepotizmi
nest(le)(d) n v adj bude ;Casma/Casmuli
ramisa rameSi/rame rameSi
net n bade,qseli
hunting ~ sanadiro bade
~ sinkers saTevzao badis saZiravi tyvi
ebi
netted adj badisebri,Tvala,Tvaledi
network n adj v bade/badura,moicva/dafa-
ro(mag.gzebiT qveyana)
networks n qseli,cxrili
trading ~ savaWro qseli
neutral(ity) adj n miumxrobeli/miumxrob-
loba,neitraluri/neitraliteti
neutralization n gauvnebelyofa,neitrali-
zacia
neutralize v ~ ~
never adv arasodes
~ ending adj dausrulebeli,ulevi
~failing adj sando/saimedo,uRalato
nevertheless adv conj. da mainc,miuxeda-
vad amisa/imisa(yvelafrisa),
Tumca,udaod
New Book/Law(see Old) axali aRTqma
New Testament (the)(see Old) axali aRTqma
new adj axali
~ born adj ganaxlebuli
~ comer adj axalmosuli
~ wine(see mustum) maWari
 სარჩევი
newly adv axlad,xelaxla,xelmeored
~ discovered axlad aRmoCenili
~ formed ~ Seqmnili
~ trained gawafavi,damwyebi
newsletter n sainformacio biuleteni
next adj momavali,momdevno,Semdegi
~ door adv mezoblad
~ of kin uaxloesi naTesavi
the ~ Semdegi(rigSi)
~ to adv …Tan,axlos,iqve,gverdiT,gver-
dze
~ world saiqio (ix. saiqio)
nexus n pl/sing kavSiri(mag.adamiani da
garemo)
nib n liTonis kalami(kalmistris)
nice(ly) adj adv lamazi/lamazad,koxta(d),
mSvenieri/mSvenivrad
niche n TaxCa,walo,niSi
nickname n v Tikuni,metsaxeli; metsaxe-
lis darqmeva
nidus/nidi n sing/pl Lat. ramis Casaxvis
adgili/kera
nielo(ed) n adj sevada/sevadis; mosevadeba
mosevadebuli
night n adj Rame/Ramis
at ~ adv RamiT
~ teamster n Ramis mexre
nightly adj adv Rameuli; Ram-RamobiT
nighttime adv RamiT
nimbus/nimbi n sing/pl Lat, wmindanis naTe
li=nimbi
nipple n dvrili,ZuZusTavi
~ like/shaped dvrili/ZuZusTavisebri
Noa’s ark/boat noes kidobani
nobility adj n keTilSobileba, warCine-
bulni,didgvarovneba
the ~ n pl didebulni,Tavadaznauroba,
warCinebulni
noble adj keTilSobili,warCinebuli
noblemen n pl Tavadaznauroba
nobles n pl karis didebulni,keTilSo-
Sobilni,warCinebulni
nod(ing)(see passing) n v adj Tavis dakvra
/daxra,Tvlema; wyvetili droSi
nodal adj sakvanZo,centraluri
node n kvanZi(centri),gadakveTis werti-
li,wanazardi,Sesqelebuli adgili
nodule n kvanZi,liTonis wyluli,wana-
zardi,qvis xeluxlebeli natexi
nodulize v Secxoba
nomad(ic)(al) n adj momTabare(vinme),mom-
Tabare/momTabaruli
167
nomadism n momTabareoba
nominalis/nominale n sing/pl Lat. fulis
nominali
nominate v wardgena
nominee n nominaciaze wardgenili vin-
me
Nomocanon n nomokanoni
non… pref. Ara...…
~domestic arasacxovrebeli(nageboba)
~elité aradidgvarovani/elituri
~ existant adj ararsebuli=ararealuri
=zRapruli
~fuel is,rac araa sawvad vargisi
~governmental adj arasamTavrobo
~ Greek araberZnuli
~ identical(ly) adj adv araerTgvarovani/
erTgvarovnad
~meat uxorco/araxorciani sakvebi
~ naturalistic aranaturalisturi
~nomadic(al) aramomTabaruli
~ profit(able) adj aramomgebiani
~ ~ organization aramwarmiebeli=Semo-
savlis armomcemi dawesebuleba
~reflecting adj araamreklavi zedapiri
~western aradasavluri
none pron. aravin,arcerTi,araferi
nonsence n uazroba,sisulele
nonetheless adv da mainc,,.Tumc(a),miuxe-
davad imisa,rom...; aranakleb…
noonday n keTildReobis mwvervali
normal adj Cveulebrivi,saSualo zomis
normality n kanonzomiereba
normally adv kanonzomierad,saerTod,sa-
yovelTaod,Cveulebriv
Norse n adj Crdiloeli
north n adj CrdiloeTi,Crdilo…
northern(most) adj Crdilouri,ukiduresi
CrdiloeTi
northwards adv CrdiloeTiT
nose(see nasal,sharp) n cxviri
aquiline ~ kexiani ~
bridge of the ~ cxviris kexi
~ cover n cxvirsafari
~ less adj ucxviro
hooked ~ arwivisebri/mokauWebuli ~
sharpened ~ wvetiani ~
notable adj aRsaniSnavi,sayuradRebo,Rir
sSesaniSnavi,Rirseuli,TvalsaCino,
TvalSisacemi,mniSvnelovani,Sesan-
Snavi,aRniSvnis Rirsi,SesamCnevi,sa
grZnobi,mniSvnelovani
notably adv SesamCnevad,TvalsaCinod,ker-
 სარჩევი
Zod,sagrZnoblad,mniSvnelovnad
notatia n notacia
notation/notationes n sing/pl Lat. sacurao
auzi
notation n notacia,SeniSvna,mxedveloba-
Si miReba
notch n v naprali kldeSi,nakeWni,xeobis
yeli,Wde; dakeWna,Wdeva
notched adj dakbiluli,dakeWnili,kbile-
biani
~ edge/side dakbiluli kide=kideebdak
biluli
~tool xelawyo,romelsac etyoba xmare-
bis kvali
notcher n Wdis damsmeli
notching n naWdevi
note n v miTiTeba,SeniSvna,moniSvna,Cawe-
ra,CaniSvna,Canaweri,gaTvaliswineba,
aRniSvna,yuradRebis miqceva
noted adj aRniSnuli,ganTqmuli,SeniSnu-
li
~earlier zemoTnaxsenebi
noting ger aRniSvna,SeniSvna
worth ~ aRniSvnis Rirsi
notes on… SeniSvnebi…
noteworthy adj aRniSvnis Rirsi,mniSvne-
lovani,RirsSesaniSnavi,sayurad-
Rebo,niSandoblivi
notice n v cnoba/Setyobineba; SemCneva/Se
niSvna
~ board gancxadebebis dafa
noticeable adj originaluriSesamCnevi,
xelSesaxebi,sagrZnobi,TvalSisa-
cemi,TvalsaCino,aRniSvnis Rirsi
mniSvnelovani,aSkara
noticeably adv TvalsaCinod,TvalSisace-
mad,SesamCnevad,aSkarad
notify v Setyobineba
notion n azri,varaudi,mosazreba,warmod-
gena,idea
have no ~ warmodgenis arqona rameze
~of sth azri,mosazreba,idea
notorious adj avadsaxsenebeli,aRiarebu-
faqti
notwithstanding prep. miuxedavad…
nourish v eloliavo rames/isuldgmulo
ramiT (mag. ocnebiT),gaaxleba,gaco
cxleba,gamococxleba,niWis gaRvi-
gaRviveba,kveba
nourished adj gaaxlebuli,gamococxlebu
li,naloliavebi (mag. ocneba)
nous n Wkua=inteleqti
novation n siaxle
168
novel ~ bolo/uaxlesi siaxle rame
novel n axali/aqamde ucnobi,Semotanili
siaxle; romani=nawarmoebi
~approach to sth axleburi midgoma
~traits axali damaxasiaTebeli niSnebi
novelize(d) v adj gaaxleba,siaxlis Semo-
tana,ganaxlebuli
novelty n siaxle
novelist n prozaikosi
November n noemberi=tirisdeni=tiris-
koni=giorgobisa
novice n damwyebi=gamoucdeli ; romeli
me rwmenaze axladmoqceuli
now adv axla
~ and for ever aw da maradis
before ~ aqamde
by ~ am droisTvis
nowadays(s) adj adv axlandeli; dRes,ax-
la,Cvens droSi,dReisTvis
nozzle n Rumelis saxmilze wamosacmeli
Nth romeliRac…
nubbin n Sverili
nuclear adj calke,birTvi
~family 1 ojaxi-sazogadoebis birTvi
nucleus/nuclei n sing/pl Lat. birTvi,nukle-
usi,dasamuSavebeli,xeluxlebeli qva
~ of sth grova/jgufi ramis
nude(see nacked) adj SiSveli
nudity n siSiSvle;SiSveli figura(qanda-
keba)
nugatory adj mwiri(mag.codna)
nugget adj TviTnabadi
number n v ricxvi,ricxovnoba,cifri,ra-
odenoba; danomvra,CamoTvla,(mo)iTv
lis
a ~ of… rigi..,araerTi,ramdenime
a ~ of sth raime didi raodenobiT
a ~ more kidev ramdenime
far fewer in ~ then… gacilebiT mcire/
naklebi vidre…
few(er) in ~ mcire raodenoba
in large ~ didi raodenobiT
in the ~ of… raRac ~
increase in ~ raodenobis mateba
irrational ~ iracionaluri ricxvi
large in ~ ~ raodenoba
no=number nomeri
~ of ricxovnoba,rigi..,araerTi,ramdenime
prime ~ martivi ricxvi
reduction in ~ raodenobis kleba
significant ~ garkveuli/sagrZnobi rao-
denoba
 სარჩევი
whole ~ mTeli ricxvi
numbering ger danomvra,numeracia,pagina-
cia
numberless adj uTvalavi
numen/numena n sing/pl Lat. RvTaebis qan
dakeba,RvTaebrioba,micvalebulTa
sulebi,didebuleba,orakulTa ga-
monaTqvamebi
numeral n ricxvi=cifri
numerical adj ricxobrivi
~ superiority ~ upiratesoba
numerous adj uTvalavi,mravali,mraval-
ricxovani
numinous adj RvTaebrivi
nummus/nummi n sing/pl Lat. numi
nun(see votaress) n monazoni
nuncio/nuncios n sing/pl Lat, nuncio=vati-
kanis elCi sxva qveyanaSi
nundium/nundini n Lat. bazrobis dRe 8
dRian kviraSi
nurture v aRzrda,swavleba,jiSis gamoyva
nasaqonlis moSeneb,mosavlis mo-
yvana,gegmis SemuSaveba
nutritional value kvebiTi Rirebuleba
O oblong(Fr)=long wagrZelebuli
oak tree n adj muxa,muxis xe/xis
~ land/thicket n muxnari
oar n navis niCabi
oarsman n mexofe=niCbis momsmeli
oasis/oases n sing/pl Lat. oazisi
oat n adj qeri(s)
oath n fici
~ take the ~ ficis miReba
~ taking jvaredinad gadakocna
oatmill=oat(s) straw n adj Svria/Svriis,
Avena Sativa, Lat.
obedience/obeidance n morCileba
obedient(ly)(see lay brother) adj adv morCi-
li; morcilad,umorCilesad
obeisance n mdablad Tavis dakvra,pati-
vi
pay ~ saTanado pativis migeba,pativis
cemis gamoxatva
obelisk n obeliski
obese adj msuqani=xorcsavse
obey v damorCileba(bedze,brZanebaze)
obituaries n pl mosagonari=nekrologi
obituary n adj damkrZalavi
bject n v mizani,nivTi/sagani ; SewinaaRm-
degeba=winaaRmdegobis gaweva
unknown ~ gaurkveveli sagani
votive ~ samsxverplo/Sesawiri vinme/
169
rame
objection n winaaRmdegoba
objective n adj mizani,moTxovna,problema;
obieqturi
objectives to… moTxovnebi raimes/vinmes
mimarT (mag.naSromisadmi)
objectivity n realuroba,obieqturoba
obligation n valdebuleba
treaty ~ molaparakebix Sedegad aRebu-
li valdebuleba
obligatory to/for adj savaldebulo
oblige sb to do sth aiZulo vinme gaakeTos
rame
obliged adj iZulebuli,iZulebiTi
be ~ valdebuli
oblique(ly) adj adv damreci,gverdეla,iri
bi,dacerebuli,daxrili,iribad,dam-
recad,daxrilad,dacerebulad,cerad
arapirdapiri/arapirdapirad
obliterate(d) v adj amoSla/amoSlili,gada-
Sla/gadaSlili,waSla/waSlili,ga
nadgureba/ganadgurebuli
~ out v gandevna
oblivion n daviwyeba,miviwyeba
decay into ~ daviwyebas mieca
oblong(ed) v adj dagrZeleba/dagrZelebu-
li,wagrZeleba/wagrZelebuli
obolus/oboli n sing/pl Lat. oboli (moneta)
obscure adj v bundovani,burusiT mocva/
mosili,gaugebari,gaurkveveli,
SeumCneveli
obscured adj gabundovanebuli,daCrdi-
luli.burusiT mosili
obscurity n bundovaneba,gaurkvevloba,da
udgenloba
observance n raime movlenis aRniSvna
masTan dakavSirebuli ritualis
aRsrulebiT
observation n daTvaliereba,Seswavla,mec
nieruli dakvirveba=(gamo)kvle-
va;religiuri wesis dacva/Sesru-
leba,dakvirvebis Sedegi
results of ~ dakvirvebaTa Sedegebi
observations n pl dakvirvebani=dakvirve-
bis Sedegebi
observe v daTvaliereba,Seswavla,dakvir
veba=(gamo)kvleva,religiis/tradiciis
dacva/Sesruleba,SemCneva,aRmoCena da-
kvirvebis Sedegad
observed adj SeniSnuli,daculi,gamokve-
Tili
obsidian n adj obsidian(s)
 სარჩევი
cal-alkaline ~ tute-volframitiani
paralkaline ~ zetute-volframitiani
obsolete adj gadamWreli,sruli,moZvele-
buli,xmarebidan gamosuli,waSlili
obstacle n dabrkoleba,winaRoba,xergili
obstinate adj jiuti
obstinateness n sijiute=droSi gamZle-
oba=xangrZliv arseboba(raime
(raime nivTis mag.satevris,orna-
mentis,formis,mimdinareobis)
obstruction n dabrkoleba
obtain v Sovna=saxelis moxveWa,mopoveba,
miReba,madnis (gamo)dnoba/wurva=mi-
Reba,SeZena=yidva
~ the footing sazogadoebaSi damkvid-
reba
obtained adj naSovni,mopovebuli,moxveWi
li
obtuse adj blagvi kuTxe
obverse(see coin) n monetis Subli=aversi
obviate v Tavidan acileba
obvious adj aSkara,naTeli
sth of ~ use garkveuli daniSnulebis
raime nivTi=sagani
obviously adv aSkarad,naTlad
occasion n garemoeba=SemTxveva,SesaZleb
loba,sababi
on ~ zogjer,xandaxan
on ~ of garemoebaTa gamo
occasional(ly) adj adv SemTxveviTi;dro da
dro,zogjer,SemTxveviT,xandaxan
occasions n pl garemoebani
Occident n dasavleTi=evropa
Occidental adj dasavluri=evropuli
Occidentalism n medasavleTeoba=dasav-
leTiT/evropisken mimarTuli
Occidentally adv dasavlurad=evropulad
Occidentals (the) n pl dasavlelni(xalxi)
=evropelni
ochre(see sienna) n adj oqra/oqris
occulated adj uCinari
occupant n dampyrobi,mcxovrebi
~of the tomb micvalebuli
occupation n nasadgomari,samuSao=saqmi
anoba,namosaxlari,dapyroba,adgilis
dakaveba,dasaxleba
~ had grown up… namosaxlari gaCnda…
human ~ namosaxlari,adamianis saqmi-
anoba
phase(s) of ~ kulturuli=nacxovrebi
fena
occupied adj dakavebuli/dapyrobili
170
~ by sb/sth ~ vinmes mier/ramiT
occupy v adgilis/qveynis dakaveba/dapy-
roba,adgilis aTviseba=dasaxleba
occur(ance) v n gamoCena,warmoSoba,ad-
gilmdebareoba,SemTxveva,gavrcel-
eba,sabado
octagon(al) n adj rvakuTxedi (sxeuli),
rvakuTxa
octahedral adj rvawaxnaga
octahedron n ~ sxeuli
October n oqtomberi=tiriskani=Rvinobi-
sa=mwifobisa/sTvlisa
odd n adj kenti ricxvi; gansxvavebuli,
ucnauri,SemTxveviTi
oddness n ucnauroba
odds n gansxvaveba,upiratesoba,uTanxmo-
eba
be at ~ with sb/sth uTanxmoebaSi/gaurkve
lobaSi yofna
ode n oda (nawarmoebi)
odds n pl SesaZleblobebi
with heavy ~ against… didi upirateso-
biT
odor n simyrale=cudi suni
odorless adj usuno ram
odour n surneli
off-center adj centridan gadaxrili
offence=offense v Seuracxyofa,wyenineba,
wesis darRveva,cudi qceva
offencive n adj Seteva/Semtevi,sawyeni,Tav-
dasxma=Seteva
offender n moZalade
offer n v SeTavazeba,micema,miwodeba
~ to mirTmeva=Sewirva
offering n Sesawiri
offerings n pl samarxeuli/monapovari ma-
sala,micvalebulisaTvis Catane-
buli nivTebi,ZRveni salocavSi
mitanili
offertory n Sesawiri,Sesawevari,ZRveni
offhand adj dauxvewavi,zereled(naucba-
Tevad/daudevrad)nakeTebi,uxeSi
office n adj dawesebuleba,Tanamdeboba=
saxelo.samuSao oTaxi=kabineti;sa-
kancelario
officer n mmarTveli,saxelmwifo moxele,
oficeri
official n adj Tanamdebobis piri,mamasax-
lisi,samefo karis moxele; ofi-
cialuri
~ affairs/business samsaxuris saqmeebi
~ arts oficialuri/nebadarTuli xe-
lovneba
 სარჩევი

~ quarters oficialuri wre omphalos/omphalomes(omphali) n sing/pl

officially adv oficialurad Lat. omfalosi,WurWlis Sezneqi-
officiate v eklesiaSi samsaxuri li Ziri
offset adj adgilnacvali,gadaadgilebul on pron (adgilisa da drois gamomxat-
offshoot n v ylorti,wanazardi,ganSto- veli (eg on table, on Sunday)
eba,nairsaxeoba; gavrcoba- ~a visit vizitad,vizitiT
offshore adv adj sanapirodan Sors, Sori ~back zurgze=gulaRma=piraRma
offspring n sing/pl Svili=nagrami=naSieri ~behalf of sb/sth vinmes/ramis interesebSi
often adj adv xSiri,xSirad ~each/either side TiToeul/orive mxareze
ogee n adj batiyela,TaRis rkali; gver ~face side pirimxares
dSezneqili,Cazneqil-amozneqili ~one hand erTis mxriv
~ moulding rvianis formis batiyela ~ the contrary piriqiT
ogre n kaciWamia (eposSi) ~ ~ loose Tavisuflad
oil n adj zeTi(s) ~ ~ hand meores mxriv
~ cloth n adj muSamba/muSambis ~ time droze,droulad
~ lamp n Wraqi onager/onagri n sing/pl Lat. qvis sasroli
~ mill(press/stone) n zeTsaxdeli iaraRi=onagari=filakvani
~ press= ~ stone n gelazi onager/onagri=Equus onager Lat. cxenamde
~ yielding plant zeTovani=zeTis Semcve- arsebuli cxoveli-cxeni?viri?jori?
li mcenare once adv erTxel,odesRac,odesme,radgan
oiled adj zeTiT gaJRenTili ~ again/more erTxel kidev,kvlav
oily adj zeTiani,zeTovani the ~ erT dros…
oinochoe/oinochoai n sing/pl Gr. saRvine One in Three sameba
WurWeli=oinoqoa one num pron erTi; vinme
ointment(see unguent) n malamo,salbuni ~ after another erTmaneTze miyolebiT,
Old Book/Law Zveli aRTqma erTimeoris mere
Old Style Zveli stili (kalendari) ~ and only erTaderTi
Old Testament (the)(see New) Zveli aRTqma ~ another urTierT/erTmaneTi(roca ar-
old adj beberi,moxuci,Zveli,Zveleburi is orze meti vinme/rame)
~ ancient Zalian Zveli=uZvelesi ~ at a time mxolod erTxel,erTjer(ad-
~ and eminent mxcovani dad)
~ fashioned Zvelmoduri ~ behind the other erTimeoris miyole-
in ~ times Zvelad biT/ukan
olden adj Zvel(i) ~ bladed calpira=calfxiani
in ~ days Zvelad,Zvel droSi ~ for another ase Tu ise
older(see elder) adj asakiT ufrosi,ufro ~ handler n calyura WurWeli
Zveli(beberi,moxuci) ~ man rule erTpirovnuli mmarTveloba
oldest adj uZvelesi,uxucesi ~ more kidev erTi
oldness n siZvele ~ of the… erT-erTi
oligarchi(es) n sing/pl oligarqi ~ over another erTi-erTmaneTze,erTma-
oligarchy n oligarqia neTze
Olympic adj olimpiuri ~ sided calmxrivi
~ Games ~ TamaSebi ~ track ~ moZraoba
ominous adj avi,Semzaravi,cudi ~ tear on from… erTi wlis Tavze/Sem-
~ sign cudi niSani deg
omit(ed) v adj gamoricxva/gamoricxuli, oneness n erTsaxeoba(mag. RmerTis)
gamotoveba/gamotovebuli ones pron pl vinmeebi,isini
omnipotence n yovlisSemZleoba ongoing adj Semdgomi
Omnipitent (the) n yovlisSemZle=RmerTi only adj mxilod,marto,erTi
Omnipotent Creator (the) yovlisSemZle ~ begotten mxolodSobili
Semoqmemoqmedi=RmerTi ~ one erTi,erTaderTi
omnipresent n adj yvelganmyofi ~ one of this kind erTaderTi aseTi

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Onomastikon n Gr. onomastikoni oppress v dajabna,daTrgunva

onset n romelime xanis dadgoma oppressive adj damTrgunveli
at the ~ drois/xanis dadgomisas option n arCevani
onsite adv adgilze,Zeglze optimum adj saukeTeso/xelSemwyobi(piro
onto (see on) prep ze(d) ba/viTareba)
onus n sing/pl movaleoba,pasuxismgeblo- or an…
ba ~ the like da msgavsni…
onward(s) adj adv da Semdgom(i),Semdgom oracle n taZari,orakuli
mag. from MBA and ~ Sb xanasi da Sem ~ bones samarCielo koWebi
dgom oral adj zepiri
open v adj gaReba,gaxsna,gadaxsna; gaSli ~ literature zepirsityviereba
li,gaxsnili, Ria orally adv zepirad
~ air buneba=bunebis wiaRi,gareT, cis orator(y)(see terse) n mWevrmetyveli/mWevr-
qveS metyveleba
~ minded adj gonebagaxsnili orchard n xilis baRi
~ mouthed pirRia,xaxadaRebuli ordain v mRvdlis kurTxeva/xeldasma,ra-
~ to sth gaxsnili raRacisTvis mis dadgena/daweseba,miZRvna
~ up v aRmoCena, adgilis(miwis/terito ordeal n gasaWiri,sirTule
riis) aTviseba overcome ~ gasaWiris/sirTulis daZ-
~ work(see claustra) adj dafanjruli,Wvi- leva
ruli,aJuruli order n brZaneba,rigi,wesi/wesrigi,Sekve-
~ ~ lace aJuruli naqsovi Ta,firmani,xuroTmoZRvruli orderi,
opened adj gaRebuli,gaxsnili,gadaxsni- Tanmimdevroba
li v brZaneba,dakveTa,SekveTa,mowesri
opening n Riobi geba
operate(ion) v n saqmianoba,moqmedeba in ~ to do sth for… imisaTvis,rom..,raTa…
be in ~ moqmedebaSi yofna make to special ~ sagangebo SekveTiT
rescue/salvage ~ gadarCeniTi samuSao gakeTeba/damzadeba ramis
operator n mmarTveli private ~ kerZo/sagangebo SekveTa
opinion n azri,Sexeduleba,Tvalsazrisi, orderly adj adv n wesieri,wesierad,Sikriki
mosazreba,STabeWdileba,xedva ordinary adj sayovelTao,rigiTi,Cveuleb-
as general ~ aRiarebuli/miRebuli az- rivi,ubralo
ri/Sexeduleba ordinarily adv Cveulebriv
in sb’s ~ vinmes azriT… ordinate(ion) v n kurTxeva,xeldasma
opisthodomos n opistodomosi=taZris ore n adj madani,sabado,madneuli; madnis
winkari madneulis,rkinis madani
opponent(see contra,pro…) n mowinaaRmde- beneficiation/picking ~ madnis Segroveba
ge=oponenti xeliT
opportunity n SesaZlebloba ~bringing ~ madnis Semotana qveyanaSi
provide ~ SesaZleblobis micema conspicuous ~ miwis zedapirze xilu-
oppose v adj dapirispireba,SewinaaRmde- li madani
geba,winaaRmdegobis gaweva; sapiris ~ deposit sabado
piro dressed ~ gamdidrebuli madani
opposed adj dapirispirebuli=uku... ~ mine/mining samTamadno
urTierTsapirispiro oxide ~ rkinis oqsidi
opposing adj mopirdapire,sapirispiro,sa- ~ removed by smelting madnis gamdidre-
sawinaaRmdego ba misi (gamo)dnobiT
~heads kefiT ertmaneTTan(ianusi) shatter ~ madnis ngreva/nagleji
opposite adj sapirispiro,Seqceuli,sawi- sulphid ~ rkinis sulfide
naaRmdego,meore mxares washing ~ madnis recxva
in ~ direction sapirispiro mimarTulebiT oregano=marjoram n adj viris pitna(si),
opposition n winaaRmdegoba Origanum vulgare ssp. Lat.

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oregano n adj TavSava(si), Origanum mar- mneli,wamomwyebi

jorana Lat. origins (the) n pl fesvebi,warmomavloba
organic adj organuli,bunebrivi orillion n TavdacviTi Sverili galavnis
~ member/part ~ nawili kedelze
organize(ation)(d)(r) v adj n gamarTva/ga- ornament(see decoration,design,motif,pattern)
marTuli,momzadeba/momzadebuli, n ornamenti
mogvareba/mogvarebuli,gamocema/ calathus/calathi ~ SroSanis formis ka-
gamocemuli,organizeba/organize- laTa ~
buli,Catareba/Catarebuli,xelmZR cartouch ornamentuli xvia
vaneloba; organizacia=dawesebu- comb impression ~ savarcxlisebri ~
leba,xelmZRvaneli=organizatori corded ~ Tokisebri ~
orgy n orgia cordon ~ amoburculi ~
orient=orientate v mimarTva=damxroba feather ~ bumbulisebri ~
~ towards… damxroba …ken granulation ~ cvara
oriented=orientated adj damxrobili O grooving relief amoRaruli reliefi ~
Orient(al)=East(Mid/Near)Asia(see Occident) ~in the form of animal shape cxovelsaxe ~
n adj armosavleTi/aRmosavluri, ~in the form of human heads adamianis Ta-
azia/aziuri vi ~
~ Studies aRmosavleTmcodneoba ~of loose coils gaSlili xviebis ~
Orientalize v gaaRmosavlureba,aRmosavlu ~ of multiply chevrons xSiri Sevronebis ~
ri gavlena
~ of cross-hatched triangles samkuTxa badi-
Orientalizing adj gaaRmosavlurebuli,aR-
sebri ~
mosavluri gavleniT
punctate ~ wertilovani ~
~ horizon aRmosavlurobis Tvalsawi-
rows of dots in several bands wertilovani
eri(T)(dan)
~ ramdenime rigad
Orientals (the) n pl aRmosavlelebi=aRmo-
stroke ~ daStrixuli ~
savleTis xalxebi
stucco ~ naZerwi ~
origin n dasabami,warmomavloba,pirveli=
sawyisi ~ of tight(er) coils/spirals xSiri xveulebi
~ cause pirvelmizezi ornamental adj ornamentuli
place/point of/for ~ Casaxvis/warmoSo- ornamentation n ornamenti,ornamentacia
bis adgili ornaments n pl samkaul(eb)i
original adj dedani=originali,namdvili, ornate(ly) adj adv daxvewili/daxvewilad
pirvandeli,pirveli,sawyisi=pir- ~style daxvewili stili
velsawyisi,TviTmyofadi,yofili, orphan n adj oboli
ZirZveli orphanage n obolTa TavSesafari
~ function Tavdapirveli daniSnuleba orphism n orfizmi
~ significance ~ warmomavloba,sada- ortiodactyl n wyvilCliqiani
uroba orthodox n adj marTlmadidebeli,marTl-
originality n TviTmyofadoba,originaloba, madidebluri
utyuaroba orthostata/orthostatae n sing/pl Gr. kedlis
originally adv dasawyisidan(ve),Tavidan(ve), fasadis qveda nawili=orTostata,
Tavdapirvelad,pirvelad(ve),yofili mosapirkeTebeli qva
originals (the) n pl pirvelmcxovrebni ~basalt slabs bazaltis qviT mopirkeTe-
originate v saTavis dadeba,Seqmna,Camoya- buli fasadis qveda nawili
libeba,warmoSoba,warmoqmna.gaCe- oscilate v meryeoba
na,Casaxva oscilation adj meryevi
~ from sth ganviTareba/warmoSoba rami- ossification n gaZvaleba
sa ramisgan ossified adj gaZvalebuli
originative adj saTavis damdebi rame,Semoq ossify v gaZvaleba
medebiTi,warmomSobi ostensibly adv savaraudod
originator n avtori,damaarsebeli,inici- ostentation n trabaxi=gamofena
atori,saTavis damdebi,Semqm- ostentation(s) n pl xmis micemisas Tavis

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Sekaveba valavi(8 to 1 rvajer)

osteon adj Zvliani,Zvlovani out-of-date adj dromoWmuli
~ storehouse Zvlovani masalis sacavi out of fashion modidan gasuli
Ostracism n ostrakizmi out of place adj adv uadgilo(d)
ossuary n ZvalSesalagi,Tixis saZvale out-of-time adj vadagasuli
other pron sxva,meore outpost n sasazRvro WiSkari,saguSago,
~ than sb/sth gansxvavebuli vinmesgan/ avanposti
ramisgan outpouring adj Warbi,niaRvari ramis,sim-
otherness n gansxvavebuloba.sxvanairoba ravle
otherwise adv sxvanairad,sxvagvarad,sxva- output n v madnis gamosavlianoba/mona
friv,winaaRmdeg SemTxvevaSi povari; madnis mopoveba
~ of sth anda,sapirispirod ramisa high ~ ~ ~ maRali
Otter(see mink,marshotter) n adj wavi(s) modest ~ ~ ~ zomieri/saSualo
ought to v unda (moraluri valdebule- poor ~ ~ ~ dabali/cota
bis gamomxatveli) outright adj sruli,pirdapiri
ounce n jiqi outset n (da)sawyisi
out prep. gare(Ta) outshine v jobna
outbreak v omis gaCaReba outside adj adv gare,ganapira nawili; ga-
outcome n gamosavali=Sedegi re(Ta)
outcrop(see mine,ore) n SiSveli sabado, ~ of prep garda
qvis axo/gamosavali on the ~ gare(dan)(T)
~rock n adj qvamadani/madnis outsider n gareSe,ucxo
outcropping vein madnis gaSiSvlebuli outskirt n qveynis(qalaqis,soflis) ganapi
ZarRvi ra nawili/mxare
outdate(d)/outmode(d) v modidan gasvla/ outskirts n pl gareubani,Semogareni
gasuli outstanding adj (gamo)rCeuli,aRsaniSnavi,
outer adj gare(Ta) gansakutrebuli,ganTqmuli,mka-
~ face/surface ~ zedapiri fio,RirsSesaniSnavi,didebuli,
outermost adj qveynis uSoresi kuTxe araCveulebrivi,gansakutrebuli;
outgrowth n korZi,wanazardi gamoCenili adamiani
outing n qalaqgareT wasvla/laSqroba outstretch(ed) v adj gawvda/gawvdili win
outlast v rac grZeldeba raRac droze xeli/fexi
metxans ~above head zeviT aweuli xeli
outlet n gamosavali outstrip v win gaswreba
find an ~ gamosavlis povna outturn(ed) v adj gadmokecva,gadmokecili
outlandish adj sasazRvro outward(s) adv gareT
outlet n sasule (Tonis,Rumelis) ~ loking adj sagareo
outlier adj ganapira nawili(siflis/qala- oval(oid)=ovolo adj ovali,ovaluri
qis), ucxo/gareSe adamiani roughly ~ arawesieri ovali
~of group jgufisTvis ucxo ovate adj kvercxis formis=ovaluri
outline n arsi,daweriloba,monaxazi,moxa- oven n Rumeli
zuloba,mokle konspeqti,xazi bread ~ puris sacxobi(furne/Tone)
v gadaxazva,mokled moxazva,(Semo) overdraw v gadaWarbeba
sazRvra/xazva,Semovleba,cixeze ovolo adj kvercxiseburi
Semowyoba oven(see furnace,kiln,stove) n Rumeli
rigid ~ mdgradi/ucvleli moxazuloba over pron. zemo(T) vertikalurad,zed,
outlook n Sesaxedaoba,xedi gverdze
outlying adj gare,ganapira,Soreuli ~ along ganmavlobaSi
outmoded adj dromoWmuli,modidan gasu- ~ arch TaRszeda
li=Zvelmoduri ~ side gverdze
outmost adj gare ~ shoulder zurgze=sazurge
outnumbering adj Warbi=Zalian bevri=uT- overall adj adv yovlismomcveli,saerTo;

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jamSi=mTlianobaSi cis gawyveta,erTmaneTze gadasuli

~ dimensions saerTo zomebi overrun v Tavdasxma
~impression ~ STabeWdileba oversea adv zRvis gadaRma/gadaRmeli,
~ number mTliani raodenoba ucxouri
~ picture yovlismomcveli suraTi overseer n zedamxedveli
overarching adj aRmatebuli overshadow(ed) v adj miCqmalva/moCqmalu-
overburnt adj zedmetad/Zlier damwvari li,dafarva,gadafarva,ukan gadawe
overcome v daZleva,damarcxeba,jobna,ga- va,dacva ramis,Ddabneleba
mklaveba oversimplification n metismetad gamartive-
~barrier siZnelis/winaaRmdegobis gada- ba
laxva oversimplified adj ~ gamartivebuli
~ with v adj ganadgureba,daTrgunva ra- oversimplify v ~ gamartiveba
miT; daTrgunuli overstate v gadaWarbebit Sefaseba
overcrowd(ed) v adj Warbi mosaxleoba,xa- overt adj Ria,sajaro,aSkara,naTeli
lxiT gaWedili overtly adv Riad,sajarod,aSkarad,naTla
overemphasize v zedmetad xazgasma,gada- overtemper(ed) v adj gadametwrToba/
WarbebiT Sefaseba,gamuqeba gadametwrTobili
overestimate(d)(ion) v adj n gadaWarbebiT overthrow v ukugdeba,uaryofa,ganadgure-
Sefaseba/Sefasebuli ba,xelisuflebis damxoba/Camog-
overflow n napirebidan gadasvla mdinari deba
overground adj miwiszeda overturn(ed) v adj amobruneba/amobrune-
overhang n adj ganakidi=ganayeli,Sveri- buli, gadabruneba/gadabrunebuli
li,Cardaxi,kiduli overuse(d) v adj xmarebisgan gacveTa/gac
overhanging n adj saCrdilobeli, gadmo- veTili
Sverili overview v n mimoxilva,mimoxilviTi naS-
overhaul n v kapitalurad SekeTeba romi
overhead adj zedmeti overwhelm v napirebidan gadmosvla,dat-
~ costs damatebiTi xarjebi borva,walekva
~ projector proeqtori overwhelming adj auracxeli,uzarmazari,
overheat(ed) v adj gadaxureba/gadaxure- uTvalavi
buli overvelmingly adv Zalze,usazRvrod
overland adj miwiszeda,saxmeleTo ~dominant gabatonebuli,Warbi
overlap v erTmaneTis gadafarva ovicaprine n adj gareuli Txis tyavi(s)
~ in time droSi gadafarva owe/owing v davalebuli/valSi yofna
overlapping adj erTmaneTze gadasuli (ara fuliT),vumadli...
overlay v dadeba=adevs ~ to sb/sth vinmes/ramisgamoisobiT/wya-
overlie/lain v adj zevidan dadeba/dadebu- lobiT
li,dadgmuli,gadafarva owes v 3rd p.simp.pr. davalebulia/mar-
overlord n patroni Tebs (ara fuli)
overlordship n batonoba owing to latest finds bolo aRmoCenrbis mi-
overlook v gadasinjva,Tvalis Sevleba/ xedviT/wyalobiT
movleba,gadaxedva,revizia, ~to sth ramis gamo/wyalobiT
zevidan gadahyurebs raRacas own v adj v kuTvnili,sakuTari;qona=
overlooks v 3rd p. sing. simp.pr. gadahyu- floba
rebs hold sb’s ~ Rirsebis SenarCueneba,ar
overlord n batoni,meufe,mbrZanebeli daTmoba,sakuTari azris/qonebis
overpopulated adj Zalze mWidrod dasax- SenarCuneba,TaisTvis yofna
lebuli,Warbad dasaxlebuli owner n mepatrone,mflobeli,patroni
overpopulation n Warbi mosaxleoba ownership n mflobeloba,patronoba
overrepresent v gadaWarbebiT warmoCena ox(see bull) n xari
override v moqancva,uaryofa,gauTvalis- ~ cart n xar-uremi
winebloba,gadavla,gaTelva,qan- ~ drawn adj xarSebmuli
~eye daisy n adj mindvris gvirila(si)

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~ head n xaris Tavi periodi=myviraloba

~ hide n adj xaris tyavi(s) pairs n pl wyvilebi
~ horn n adj xaris rqa/rqis in ~ adv wyvilad/wyvilebad
oyster n xamanwka pair(ed) n adj wyvili,dawyvilebuli
palace(see mansion) n sra-sasaxle,palati
P High ~ (Palestine) mTavari taZari pale
pacific adj mSvidi,mSvidobiani,mSvidobis-
stinaSi(see shrine kretaSi)
moyvare
Palaeolithic adj paleoliTuri
pacify v damSvideba
palaestra/palaestrae n sing/pl Lat. palest-
pack n v sapalne,xrova(mag.mglebis);(Ca)
ra
tenva,Calageba
palankeen=palanquin n xeliT satarebeli
~animal gamwevi cxoveli
taxtrevani
package n parki,Sesaxvevi masala,grova
palatial adj sasaxlisa
packed adj gatenili,pirTamde saves,Cala
~building nageboba farTe SesasvleliT
gebuli,Cawyobili
2-3 svetiT/pilastriT erT rig-
closely/tightly ~ mWidrod ganlagebuli
ad da ukan didi oTaxiT
hard ~ matrix datvirTuli,Sevsebuli
~complex sasaxlis kompleqsi
~with debris nangrevebiT savse
pale(d)(see coliur) v adj gafermkrTaleba=
packet n parki feris wasvla; gafermkTalebuli,
packing n ger zedsakravi,Sevseba (fer)mkrTali
pact n paqti paling=palisade n Robe,meseri
pad(see paw) n cxovelis TaTis baliSi pallete n palitra
paddle n Tixatkepnili ~ knife n mxatvris fiTxi
pagan n adj warmarTi,warmarTuli palimpsest n adj palimfsesti(s)
pagandom n warmarToba,kerpTayvanis- palisade n cocxali Robe,xis meseri
mcemloba Palm Sunday bzoba
paganize v wabilwva,warmarTad moqceva ~ Week bzobis kvira=7 dRe
paganized adj wabilwuli,warmarTad moq palm n xelisguli
ceuli
date ~ n adj finikis palma/palmis
paganism n warmarToba,kerpTayvanismcem
~ tree n adj palmis xe/xis
loba
palmette n adj palmeta/palmetis; foT-
page n gverdi (rveulis,wignis)
lovani; fexbakiani
pail n sarwyuli
palpable adj aSkara,sagrZnobi,mfeTqavi
pain n v tkivili
palynology(st) n palinologoa,palinolo-
painful(ly) adj adv mtkivneuli/mtkivneul- gi
ad,didi wvalebiT
pan n qvabi(WurWeli), pina
painstaking(ly) adj adv bejiTad,gaWirveb-
long ~ grZivi kedeli
iT=didi mecadineobis fasad,bejiTi,
panagia n panagea=panagia
sagangebo(d),gamowvlilviT(i)
panegyric n panegiriki
paint n v saRebavi,Rebva,saRebavebiT xatva
panel(ing) n paneli=pano
moxatuloba
Panhellenistic adj panelinuri
~onto v daxatva rameze zevidan
Panhellinism n panelinizmi
painted adj daxatuli,moxatuli,SeRebili
panoply adj simdidre,siuxve
~image piqtograma,naxati kldeze
panther n avaza
painter n mRabavi,mxatvari
Pantocrator(see the Lord God) n mama Rmer-
paintress n mRebavi,mxatvari (qali)
Ti
painting n ger naxati, xatva,(Se)Rebva
pantry n sakuWnao
~utensils saxatavi xelsawyoebi
pants n pl. usu. Sarvali
pair n adj wyvili
baggy ~ tomarasaviT Sarvali
one of the ~ wyvilis cali
papacy n papoba
paired adj dawyvilebuli,Sewyvilebuli
paper n adj qaRaldi(s); naSromi=statia
pairing ger cxovelTa qorwineba
~ has been created/evolved… naSromi Se-
~ season/time cxovelTa qorwinebis

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 სარჩევი

iqmna… frCxilebi teqstSi

~ is designed in honour of sb ~ ~ otive n v nelsacxebeli,sunamo,kargi
vinmes sapativcemod suni; nelsacxeblis pkureba
the present ~ winamdebare ~ ~ bottle sanelsacxeble
otiv adj papis parentials n pl usu Txemis Zvlebi
papyrology n papirologia parfumed adj napkurebi,surnelovani
papyrus/papyri n sing/pl Lat. papirusi=mce parish (the) n mrevli,samwyso; teritoria
nare/qaRaldi eklesiis garSemo
par-excellence adv upiratesad,ZiriTadad parliamentary adj saparlamento
parad n v gamofena parsley=Petroselinum crispum n adj oxra-
parade n v adj aRlumi(s) gamarTva,saaR- xuSi(s)
lumo parsnip=Pastinaka savita n adj ZirTeTra
~ ground sadResaswaulo/saaRlumo part n (na)wili,nawyveti,periodi,wevri,
adgili sagnis mxare/nawili,roli
paradise n samoTxe front ~ wina nawili
paragraph n abzaci,paragrafi,punqti(ra- in ~ nawilobriv
ime sabuTis,kanonis,teqstis) in parts nawilebad
parallel n adj adv paraleli,paraleluri, lower ~ qveda nawili
paralelurad middle ~ Sua ~
close(st) ~ axlo(uaxloesi) paraleli upper ~ zeda ~
run ~ to sth raRac xdeba erTdroulad partake v monawileobis miReba
run ~ with sth viTardeba/gasdevs para- partial(ly) adj adv nawilobriv(i)
lelurad,mihyveba ~burial dazianebuli samarxi
sth~ (to) sth rame ramis paraleli/pa- ~ coincidence/coincide ~ damTxveva
raleluri ~ overlap ~ gadafarva
~ with sth paraleli aqvs/eZebneba ~skeleton arasruli ConCxi
paralleled adj paraleluri; msgavsi participant n monawile
sth can/may be ~ raRacas eZebneba para participate(ion) n v monawileoba,monawile
leli obis miReba
parallelism n msgavseba,paralelizmi particular adj kerZo,gansazRvruli,gancal
parameters n pl zomebi,parametrebi kevevebuli,calkeuli,sagangebo,
paramount adj gansakuTrebuli,uaRresi/ gansakuTrebuli,uaxloesi mego
uaRresad,udidesi,upirvelesi, bari,zusti
uZlieresi in~ gansakuTrebiT,kerZod
sth of ~ significance raRac udidesi mni- particularity n Tavisebureba
Svnvlobis mqone particularly adv mxolod,aSkarad,kerZod,
paramountcy n sidide/sidiade ramis raime gansakuTrebuli aRniSvnis
paraphernalia n pl usu. aRWurviloba;sar- nis Rirsi,mxolod da mxilod
ritualo ceremoniali,piradi qo- … and more ~ ufro zustad ki..,kerZod
neba,kuTvnili nivTebi,marTvis be- ~associated with sb/sth pirdapir/uSua-
ketebi lod dakvSirebuli vinme/ramesTan
parapet n meseri, parapet partinent adj vargisi
parasol n qolga parting ger ganSoreba
attending ~bearer Tanmxlebi qolgis partition(ed) n adj v danayofi yuTSi/Car-
damWeri CoSi,tixari,ganyofileba; satixre;
parchment n adj pergamenti(s),etrati(s), gatixvra/datixvra,gadatixvra; da-
pergamentze naweri teqsti tixruli,danawevreba/danawevrebuli
pardon v n patieba,Sendoba ~ off v gadaRobva
parent n adj mSobeli,mSobliuri ~ wall tixris kedeli
~city/country mSobliuri qalaqi,samSob partly adv nawilobriv,naxevrad
lo partner(ship) n v partniori,partnioroba
~rock dedaqani paschal adj saaRdgomo
parentheses/parenthesis n sing/pl Lat.

177
 სარჩევი
~ cycle/table qoronikoni,pasqalia
pass n adj v uReltexili/sauReltexi-
lo,zekari ; miwodeba,gadawodeba,
taxtis gadasvla/gadacema ; gamocdis
Cabareba
~ a law kanonis miReba
~ away v miZineba=gardacvaleba
~ into sth raRacis gadasvla raRacaSi
~ outside CarCoebs gadacileba (mag.
statiis)
~ over gadalaxva,gamotoveba,gadatana/
gadayvana xalxis/tvirTis
~ through v gadis (mag.gza) sadRac,gasa
svleli,ureltexili
traverse a ~ uReltexilze gadasvla
passage n drois monakveTi,teqstis nawy
veti,gzis nawili,gasasvleli,manZi
li,talani,srute
passageway n gasasvleli,derefani,ta-
lani,karis Riobi
passing(see away,bell) adj gamavali,garda-
mavali,mimdinare
~ nod to… gardamavali xanis mdumare-
ba=Seguebis periodi
Passion (the)(see Saint) n iesos vnebani
~ flower=Passiflora gen. n adj; vnebis
yvavili
Passion Sunday vnebis kvira (dRe)
Passion Week vnebis kvira=didi Svide-
uli
passion n grZnoba,gataceba,midrekileba,
miswrafeba,vneba(sulieri/xorcieli),
duRili(azris/politikuri)
consuming ~ SeZenis/mopovebis dauoke-
beli survili
~ flower=Passiflora Lat. n adj vnebis yva
vili(s) (mc)
passionate adj dauokebeli
Passover n ebraelTa aRdgoma(dResaswa-
uli)
past n adj warsuli,gardasuli
distant ~ Soreuli ~
glories of the ~ ~ dideba
human ~ kacobriobis ~
records of the ~ warsulis Zeglebi
survival of times ~ ~ gadmonaSTi
paste n adj v Tixis/minis comi(s); dawebe
ba
pastime n drostareba
pastle n rodinis qva=sasresi
pastophorium/pastoporiumi n sing/pl Lat.
samkveTlo=ariTezisi
pastoral adj mwyemsuri,samwyemso,sofluri
178
~mobility saqonlis gadarekva
~ nature mwyemsuri buneba/bunebis,mesa-
qonluri
~production sasoflo-sameurneo warmo-
ba/produqcia
pastoralist n mwyemsi,mecxvare,mesaqonle
pastoralizm n mwyemsoba=mesaqonleoba
pastry n adj comi(s)
pasturable adj saZovrad vargisi
pasturage n saZovari
pasture v n saqonlis Zoveba,saZovari
patch(ed) n v adj sakerveli; dakerva/
dakerili,dasakeraveba/dasakera-
vebuli,laqa
patchiness n siWrele,simcire
~of evidence masalis/monapovris ~
patchwork n adj areuloba,gaugebroba,mim
baZveliba,kompilacia,naWrebiani
sabani,siWrele,Wrela-Wrula
patchy adj mcire, Wreli
evidence is ~ masala/monapovari mcirea
Pater patriae eris mama=uaRresad damsa-
xurebuli pirovneba mag. i. Wa-
vWavaZe
patera/paterae n sing/pl Lat. Rvinis Sesawi
ri WurWeli,patera,langari,jami
pathway n biliki
patrician n patrici
patricius n patriciusi
path n biliki, raime mimdinareoba
~ away from sth gamosavali
patience n moTmineba
with ~ adv moTminebiT
patient(ly) adj adv momTmeni,moTminebiT
patina(te)(d)(see pernicious) n v adj li-
Tonis qerqi=Jangi=patina/patinis,
Jangis mokideba=patiniT dafarva,
daJanguli=patiniT dafaruli
patriarch n gvaris fuZemdebeli/uxucesi=
patriarqi
patriarchal adj sapatriarqo
patriarchy n sapatriarqo
patrician n patrikiosi
patrimony n samemkvidreo mamuli
patron(ess) n qvelmoqmedi kaci/qali
patron(ize) n v meoxi/meoxeba,patronoba,
patroni, mfarveloba
~ duty/saint mfarveli wmindani
patronage n meoxeba,zrunva
~ for patronoba
under/with the ~ of sb vinmes mzrunve-
lobiT/meoxebiT
 სარჩევი
patronal adj mfarveli,mamis(euli)
~ festival sataZro dResaswauli
~line mamis xazi
patronatus n adj partonati,patronatuli
patronimize me! meox meyav!
patronymic adj STamomavlobiTi gvari
~king mefe gvariT/STamomavlobiT
~ name mamis saxeli=gvari mamis saxe-
lis mixedviT
pattee n Fr. bolnuris msgavsi jvari
pattern (see decoration,design,motif,ornament
n Targi,forma,modeli,agebuleba,qa-
nebis ganlageba,sqema,wesi,nimuSi,
saxe,wesi,forma
v formis gadaReba,Targis gakeTeba
burnished ~ naprialebi ornamenti
chequered ~ kubokruli/ujreduli ~
curvilinear ~ grexili/mrudxazovani ~
hunting ~ nadirobis Tema/wesi
net ~ badisebri ornamenti
~of sth ramis wesi/nimuSi
chased ~ Rariani/daRaruli ornamenti
comb ~ nakawri ~
cordon ~ zoli(ani) ~
curved ~ naWdevi ~
curvilinear ~ xveulebis ~
decorative ~ dekortiuli ~
dimple ~ foso ~
dotted ~ wertilovani ~
double curl/scroll ~ zanuri=zenuri xvi-
ebis ~
foil ~ foTlovani ~
floral ~ mcenareuli ~
geometric ~ geometriuli ~
impressed ~ naWdevi ~
intricate/involved ~ CaxlarTuli ~
key ~ mTavari/wamyvani motivi orna-
mentSi
mat ~ daxlarTuli ornamenti
parquet ~ parketisebri ~
pine-tree ~ wiwvisebri ~
punctured ~ wyvetili xazebis ~
quarter round recto ~ foTlis meoTxedi
svetze
recessed band ~ CaWdeuli sartyeli
reeding ~ laqaSisebri ornamenti
reel ~ koWisebri ~
rocker ~ texili xazebis ~
scale ~ qerclisebri ~
scratched out ~ amokawruli ~
second crown=secunda folia ~ meore
gvirgvini svetze
179
set ~ damkvidrebuli saxe
sigilate ~ naWdevi ornamenti
wheat-shaped ~ xorblis marcvliseb-
ri ~
~ with pits of sunken dots fosoebiani ~
zoomorphic ~ zoomorfuli ~
paucity n ukmarisoba,simwire,simcire
pause n v wyvetili/xarvezi qronologi
aSi; dayovneba,SeCereba,wyveta
pave v (a)mofena,mofilaqneba,mokirwyv-
la,dafeneba,mogeba=dageba
~ the way for… gzis gakvalva gakvalva/
vinmesTvis/ramisTvis
~ with stone slabs qvis filebiT mogeba=
mofilaqneba
paved adj (a)mofenili,mofilaqnebuli,
mokirwyluli,mogebuli,dagebuli
pavement(see shingly) n filaqani,qvafeni
li,qvis safeni
flagging=flagstone ~ lorfinis qvafe-
nili
side walk ~ trotuari, Waobze gadasas-
vleli wanwala
paving n ger filaqani,qvafenili; dageba,
mogeba,mokirwyvla
paviour n mkirwylavi=qvafenilis damge-
bi
paw(see pad) n cxovelis TaTi
pawn n paiki
pay v gadaxda
~ attention yuradRebis miqceva
~ last respect to sb uknaskneli valis
moxda
~obeisance saTanado pativis migeba
~ a proper respect saTanado/Sesaferisi
pativis migeba
~ the tribute valmoxda vinmes/ramis
winaSe,xarkis gadaxda
payable adj gadaxdisunariani
payment n sasyideli,safasuri,gadasaxa-
di,misagrbeli,gamosaRebi,xarki
pea n adj muxudo(si),cercvi(s),oqrocer-
cva(si), Pisum gen Lat.
~ nuts n adj Arachis hypogaea Lat. miwis
Txili
peace n v mSvodoba/simSvide,damSvideba/
daSoSmineba
be/sleep in ~ iZine mSvidad=mSvidobiT
live at ~ mSvidobiani cxovreba
make ~ with sb dazaveba,zavis dadeba
peaceful adj mSvidobiani
~ relations ~ urTierTobani
 სარჩევი
peacefully adv mSvidobianad
peacefulness v simSvide
peak n sagnis qedi,mwvervali,Txemi
v aRzeveba,ganviTarebis mwverval-
is miRweva,saqmis gamwvaveba
at the ~ mwvervalze,pikze
in one’s ~ zeoba vinmesi
in one’s ~ of reign mefobis/zeobis
mwvervalze
~ of sth ganviTarebis zeniti
peaking adj mwvervalisken=aRmavlobiT
mimavali saqmianoba mag. mefoba
peal n v wkriali,rekva mag. Zaris
peanuts n adj miwis Txili(s), Arachis hy-
pogaea Lat.
pearl n adj margaliti(s)
large,round and even ~ oboli margali-
ti
pear n adj msxali/msxlis
~ shaped adj msxlisebri
peasant n glexi,mdabio,miwis muSa
peat bog n adj torfi(s)
pebble n adj kenWi(s),kenWovani
covered with ~ floor kenWebiT mogebuli
iataki
~ dash kenWebSereuli baTqaSi,uxeSad
mobaTqaSebuli
~ floor(ing) riyis qviT/kenWebiT mogebu-
li iataki
~ layer ~ qvis/kenWebis fena/Sre
pebbled adj mokirwyluli
pebbles n pl xvinWa
river ~ riyis qva/qvebi
pectoral adj samkerde,samkerduli
peculiar(ity) adj n damaxasiaTebeli,Cveuli
Cveulebrivi; damaxasiaTebeli ni
Sani,Tavisebureba,ucnauroba
pecuniary adj fuladi
peddle adj mcire,umniSvnelo
pedestal n kvarcxlbeki,WurWlis fexi
pendentives n pl gumbaTis/kamaris ialq
nebi
pedigree adj sagvartomo,sagvareulo,gva-
riSvili,gvariSviloba,winaprebi
Georgian ~ qarTuli warmomavloba
on the ~ of sth warmomavlobis mixedviT
pediment n kvarcxlbeki,trotuari,
frontoni
~ stone frontonis qva
pedlar n gamoucdeli(ucodinari/cudi)
muSa=Savi muSa,Worikana vinme
peel v gaTla,(g)afcqvna,afxeka,acla
180
peep v Wvreta/cqera WuWrutanaSi
~ hole n WuWrutana
peer(s) n Tanatol(eb)i,Tanabarufle-
bian(eb)i
peg(see nail) n wkiri,palo,lursmani
cone ~ konusuri lursmani
~ figurine/wooden ~ xis lursmani
pegged adj mimagrebuli
pelike n pelike
peltry ware n bewveuli
pelvis/pelves n sing/pl Lat. menji
pelta/peltae n sing/pl Lat. berZnul-roma-
uli fari
pen n v kalmistari,saqonlis baki,fa-
rexi;momwyvdeva,damwyvreva
~ name n mwerlis fsevdonimi
penal(ize) n v sasjeli,dasja,dajarimeba
penalty n jarima
penchant n midrekileba,siyvaruli ramis
pencil n fanqari
in ~ fanqriT naxazi/naxati
pendant n gulsakidi,gulqandi,sakidi,ku
loni
trinket ~ Cxaruna sakidi
pendulous adj kiduli=moqanave
penetrate(d)(ion) v adj n SeRweva,mixvedra,
(Ca)wvdoma,Sereva,Sesvla.gamsWvalva
a person of ~ (n) gamWriaxi
~ into hinterland SeRweva qveynis siRrme-
Si,SeWra qveyanaSi
~ into very core of things arsSi wvdoma
peninsula n naxevarkunZuli
penknife n jayva dana
pennant n alami
pennanular adj rkalisebri
penned(see pen) adj momwyvdeuli
pentagon(al) n adj xuTkuTxedi(sxeuli);
xuTkuTxa
Pentateuch n xuTTavi
penth-house n farduli,saCrdilobeli
penumbra n naxevarCrdili
penury n siRaribe,xelmokleoba
people n v xalxi,xalxis dasaxleba
~areas teritoriebis dasaxleba/aTvi-
seba
~ of humble birth wvrili eri=mdabiorni
warlike ~ meomari xalxi
pepper n adj Piper gen. wiwaka/wiwakis
hot/red ~ n adj Capsicum annuum cxare
wiwaka
peppered with sth daxinZluli mag, gamoq-
vabulebiT
 სარჩევი
peppermint=Mentha piperita Lat. n adj baRis
pitna
perceive v aRqma,grZnoba,mixvedra,gaazre-
ba,Segneba,garCeva ramis
perceived adj aRqmuli,micneuli
~as sth raRac miCneuli rogorc...
generally ~ sazogadod aRiarebuli
percent(age) n procenti,procentuli Se-
madgenloba
percept(ion) v n aRqma,grZnoba,SegrZneba,
gaazreba,mixvedra/mixvedriloba
~ of space sivrcis aRqma
sensory ~ gonebiT/grZnobiT aRqma
~studies aRqmiTi Seswavla ramis
perch n v kofo,Tavze/wverze dasma/Semo-
dgma ramis
~ on sth Tavze ramis dadeba/dasma
~on top of mountain mTis wverze aRmar-
Tuli/daSenebuli,mTaze mikruli
nageboba
perched out from… (gamo)Sverili
~in gadmokidebuli(mag, mTidan)
percent(age) n procenti/procentuloba
high/low ~ maRali/dabali ~
percussion n Setakeba
bulb of ~ dartymis wertili/centri
hard ~ mZime Stakeba
percussor n qva,romliTac vartyamT me-
ore qvaze iaraRis keTebisas
percussive adj dartymiTi
~flacking dartymiTi atkecva
perfect(ly) adj adv kargi/kargad,mSvenieri/
mSvenivrad,unaklo,SesaniSnavad
perfidious adj veragi,moRalate
perfedity n veragoba,Ralati
perforate(d)(ion) v adj n gaxvreta/gaxvre-
tili,daxvretili,daCvreta/daCv-
retili,nasvreti,naCvreti
V-perforation samkuTxa samanWvle nax-
vreti
perforator n saxvreti xelsawyo
perform v Sesruleba,ritualis Catare-
ba,warmodgena,Cveneba
performance n sanaxaoba,warmodgena,speq-
takli
performed adj Sesrulebuli,warmodgeni-
li
performer n Semsrulebeli
perfunctory adj zedapiruli
~ burnish ~ gamowva
pergelle/pergelato n Ital. maRlari vazi=ta-
laveri=babolo
181
perhaps adv albaT,SesaZloa
peri-glacial adj yinvaris maxlobeli
peril n riski,saSiSroeba
perimeter n perimetri
period(see divide,pioneering) n drois mona
kveTi=xana=periodi
by the beginning of ~ drois daswyisis-
Tvis,xanis dadgomisTvis
final ~ daskvniTi/ukanaskneli faza
~ of domination/supremacy batonobis
xana
~ ~ flourish/prosper(ity) ayvavebis ~
~ ~ grearness aRzevebis/didebis ~
~ ~ height aRmavlobis ~
~specific am/im droisTvis damaxasiaT-
ebeli
~ of time drois monakveTi
~ ~ transition=transitional ~ gadasvlis/
gardamavali ~
~ ~ spans from…to… drois monakveTi
moicavs/swvdeba …dan…mde
sth embraces ~ raRac xdeba/xdeboda
raRac periodis ganmavlobaSi
sth spans the ~ swvdeba periods...
sth stretches back into the Nth ~ Rrmad
midis droSi…
through Nth/over the ~ raRac drois
ganmavlobaSi
periodical n perioduli gamocema
periosteum n Zvlissazrdela
peripheral(ly) adj gamapira,kidura,perife-
riuli/periferiulad
~touch periferiuli Sexeba
periphery n kide ramis,qveynis ganapira
mxare
on the ~ ganapira(s),kideze,periferiaze
peripeteia/peripetia n sing/pl Lat. peripetia
peripteral adj peripteruli
perish(ed) v adj daSla/daSlili,minavle-
ba/minavlebuli,Canavleba/Canavle-
buli,daRupva/daRupuli,gardacva-
leba/gardacvlili,Cakvdoma/Camkv-
dari
perishability n Sladoba=is,rac SeiZleba
gaqres
perishable(s) adj n/pl is,rac iSleba/qreba
(mag. qsovili); malfuWadi masa-
lebi(arqeologiuri TvalazrisiT)
peristalith n samarxis wre qvebiT Sekru-
li
peristyle n peristiluri
peristylon adj peristiluri
 სარჩევი
permanence n mudmivoba,uwyvetoba
permanent(ly) adj adv mudmivi/mudmivad,
uwyveti/uwyvetad
~ display(ed) mudmivi gamofena/mudmi
vad gamofenili
~ settlement mudmivi dasaxleba/sacxov
risi
permissible adj dasaSvebi
~ deformity ~ deformacia,for-
formis Secvla
permission n nebarTva
permit(ed) n v adj nebarTva,ramis daSveba
saSvi; daSveba,nebis darTva,saSu-
alebis micema; nebadarTuli
permission n nebarTva
pernicious(see patina) adj avi,mavne,avi pati
na=Jangi
perpendicular adj Sveuli/Sveulad
perpetual adj usasrulo,mudmivi,gamZle,sa
mudamo,uwyveti,uvado,droSi usruli
~ snow maradiuli=mudmivi Tovli
perpetually adv mudam/mudmivad,uvadod,
uwyvetliv
perpetuate v vinmes ukvdavyofa,ramis sa-
mudamod SenarCuneba
perpetuation n ukvdavyofa
~ of one’s name saxelis ~
perpetuity n mardisoba,usasruloba,mTe-
li sicocxle
in ~ mudmiv,maradiulad
per se adv Fr. TavisTvis,calke
perplex v garTuleba,dabneva,areva,CixSi
Sesvla
perplexive adj damabneveli
persecute(ion) v n dasja/devna qristiano
bisaTvis,midevneba
persecutor n mimdevari(mag.islamis)
persist v daJinebiT ramis moTxovna,saku-
Tar sityvaze dgoma,gamZleoba droSi
~ in use raRac kvlav ixmareba/rCeba
xmarebaSi
~ still raRac kvlav arsebobs
persistence n gamZleoba,ucvleloba,ji-
utoba
persistent(ly) adj adv jiuti/jiutad,mede-
gi,mdgradi,gamZle,udreki,uryevi,
gamZle,damkvidrebuli,utexi/ute-
xad,daJinebiT
person(see humble) n piri=pirovneba
~day(week…) kac-dRe(kvira…)
in ~ piradad
in the ~ of vinmes saxiT
juridical/natural ~ iuridiuli/fiziku-
182
ri piri
stateless ~ moqalaqeobis armqone pi-
rovneba
personage n personaJi
personal adj piradi,sakuTari,erTpirov-
nuli
personality n pirovneba/pirovnuloba
personnel n personali
personally adv piradad,erTpirovnulad
personification n pirovnebad qceva,perso-
nifikacia
personified adj pirovnebad qceuli,per-
sonificirebuli
personify v pirovneba qceva, personifi-
cireba
person’s double vinmes oreuli
perspective n adj momavali,perspeqtiva/
perspeqtiuli,Tvalsazrisi
from the ~ of sth am/im gadmosaxedidan/
TvalTaxrdviT/TvalsazrisiT
rich ~ didi/imadismomcemi momavali
persuade v vinmes darwmuneba
persuasion n rwmena
symbol of ~ rwmenis simbolo
persuasive(ly) adj adv damajerebeli/dama-
jereblad,sando(d),sarwmuno(d)
persue v devna,gamodevneba vinmesi,misd-
io rasme(azri,saqme)
pertain to… ekuTvnis/exeba rasme(teqsti)
pertified adj gaqvavebuli
pertify v gaqvaveba
pertinent adj Sesaferisi,saWiro
pervasive adj is,rac vrceldeba(gavrcel
deba/gavrcelda),yovlismomcveli
pest n ubedureba,Wiri
petal(ed) n adj yvavilis furceli; foT-
lovani
petal-shaped adj foTlisebri
petalous adj foTlovani,furclovani
peter out v amowurva,gamoleva,galeva
patroglyph n kdeze nakveTi=petroglifi
petty adj mcire,wvrili
pew n kaTedra eklesiaSi,loJa TeatrSi
grZeli zurgiani skami kaTolikur
eklesiaSi; xalxi=eri
phalange n falangi
phalerae/phalerum n sing/pl Lat. falari
phalli n xvimiris kriWa
phallic adj falosisebri/falosuri
~symbol falosis simbolo
phallus/phalii n sing/pl Lat. falosi
pharaoh n faraoni
 სარჩევი
phase n velis done,safexuri,faza
undergo ~ fazis gavla
pheasant n xoxobi
phenomenon/phenomena n sing/pl Lat. mov-
lena,SemTxveva,fenomeni
phiala/phialae n sing/pl Lat. pinaki
philhellene n berZenTmoyvare=filenisti
phorminx n forminqsi
phosphenes n pl rkalebi TvalebSi
photo(see film) n adj foto(suraTi)
take a ~ suraTis gadaReba
phrase n fraza
hackneyed ~ gacveTili ~
phylogenetic adj filogenetikuri
physician(see healer) n mkurnali
pick v aReba(Ziridan),akrefa,ayvana xel-
Si,yvavilebis mokrefa,samarxis ala-
geba
hand ~ xeliT akrefa
~ out v calke gamoyofa,sakiTxis wamo-
weva
~ ~ in black gamokveTa,moxazva,gamuqeba
~ ~ features damaxasiaTebeli niSnebis
gamoyofa
~ up v akrefa,amokrefa,aReba(qalaqis/ci
xis),aTviseba,miReba,SeTviseba
picket n margili,palo,sari,saguSago=
piketi
pictograph n adj piktografi(uli)
pictographic adj xatovani,piktografiuli
pictorial n adj suraTze/suraTiT gamosax-
uli,saxviTi xelovneba
~representation portretuli gamosaxu-
leba
picture n v suraTi,dasuraTeba
~ writing piktografiuli damwerloba
picturesque adj naTeli,xatovani,Tvalwar
mtaci,kolorotuli,saxieri=saxo-
vani,originaluri
picturesquessness n xatovaneba,mxatvru-
loba
piece n naWeri/nawili ramis,nivTieri
masala,cali,namrvrevi/namsxvrevi,naS-
romi(statia,wigni,gamokvleva)
in one ~ erTi mTeli,erTi naWrisgan
gakeTebuli ram
in small pieces wvrilad danawevreba
small-scale ~ ~ danawevrebuli
~ of work nakeToba,namuSevari
~ together erTad moTavseba(Sekreba/Se
kvra)
piecemeal adj adv nawil-nawil
183
piedmont n mTis Ziri
pier n Sua kedeli(or saTavss Soris),
iaqTaRi=kontrforsi,xidis burji,sa-
xuravis sayrdeni,sveti,sayrdeni
pierce v darWoba,gaxvreta,gaburRva
pierced tube WurWlis sadinari
piety(see pious) n RvTismosaoba/moSiSoba,
pativiscema,patiosneba
pigeon n mtredi
~ hole n miwuri,saRore,farexi
pigeon’s milk n adj makebria,cxeniskbila/
wamala,ZaZa,ZaRlniora (mc)
pigment n pigmenti mag, oqra
pigtail n nawnavi
pigweed=Amaranthus Lat. n adj mwvane ji-
jilaya(si) (mc)
pike(see lance) n laxvari
pila/pilae n sing/pl Lat. ximinji
pilaster n naxevarsveti,pilastri
pile(see coin,pila) n v xidis burji,ximin-
ji,xao,saxuravis sayrdeni; dagroveba
mixveta,miyra,mogroveba,daxvaveba,dayra
~ dwelling n saxli ximinjebze
~ of uamravi
~ ~ sth grova ramis
~ up v amovseba
piled adj dagrovili
pilgrim n mwiri,momlocveli,piligrimi
~ flask mogzauris maTara
~rooms momlocvelTa sastumro
pillage n v Zarcva
pillar(s) n boZi,sveti,kolona
grid of ~ svetebis bade
~ apostle pirvelwodebuli(mag.andria)
~ of light sveti naTlisa, sinaTlis
sveti
railing ~ Robis sarebi/ficrebi
T-shape ~ dedaboZi,sveti
pillaring n svetnari=kolonada
pillarist n mesvete
pillow n baliSi,sasTumali
pilot adj mTavari
pin n v gulsabnevi/sakinZi,lilvi=RerZi
Tmis sarWi,qinZisTavi,Reraki,Reri;ta-
ris dageba,Cxvleta,mimagreba,mibneva,
damagreba
ball-ended(ball/globe headed,sphere/
spherical headed) ~ TavburTula ~
beamed/double-crutch ~ ormagtesebri ~
breast ~ (gul)sakinZi
bulb-headed ~ xaxvisTava ~
clothes ~ tansacmlis samagri
 სარჩევი
crutch-headed ~ T-sebri ~
flat/plain headed/topped ~ Tavbrtyeli ~
hammer-headed ~ Tavkveriani=CaquCiseb-
rTaviani ~
~ head/top sakinZis Tavi
knot/loop headed ~ maryuJTaviani ~
poppy-headed ~ yayaCos parkisebrTa-
viani ~
ring-headed ~ morkalulTaviani ~
~ rod sakinZis Reri
roll/spiral headed ~ Tavxvia ~
saucer headed ~ diskosebrTaviani ~
sunflower ~ mzesumziris yvavilisebri
swan-like ~ gedis yelisebri ~
tied-up bow=shaped ~ SekidulTaviani
twirly ~ grexili ~
two-headed ~ orTaviani ~
vase-headed ~ vazisebrTaviani ~
wheel-headed ~ borblisebrTaviani
~ with chisel-shaped head satexisebrTavi-
ani ~
~ ~ discshaped ~ diskosebrTaviani ~
~ ~ embossed/raised ~ reliefurTavi-
ani ~
~ ~ filigree/open-work ~ WvirulTaviani
~ ~ pole-axe ~ sekiraTaviani ~
~ ~ sphere-shaped ~ sferulTviani ~
~ ~ three lacinate ~ samfrTaTaviani ~
~ ~ tied/twisted end/top Tavdaxveuli
pinax/pinakes n sing/pl Gr. pina(ki)
pinned adj sakinZiT dmagrebuli/Sekruli
pincers n pl marwuxi
pinch v kverva
pinched adj wakveTili
pin dawn v povna,daWera,kedelTan miyene-
ba,faqtebze dayrdnoba,yuradRe-
bis miqceva
pine-tree n adj fiWvi(s)
pioneer n damwyebi,pirveli
pioneering adj pirveli,(pirvel)sawyisi
~ phase pirveli faza
~study pirveli Sroma raRac Temaze
~survey ~ kvleva ~ ~ ~for chronology amosavali qronologi-
pious(see piety) adj keTilSobili,RvTis-
mosavi/moSiSi,morwmune,religiuri
pip n adj wipwa/wipwis
pipe n mili,salamuri,stviri,
~ duct n milgayvaniloba
~ line n milsadeni/wyalsadeni
piped adj milebiani
piper n mestvire
piquant adj pikanturi
184
piracy n piratoba
pirate n pirati
pire n ritualuri=saweso cecxli
pisé n Fr. alizi(s), Tixatkepnili
~wall natkepni miwis kedeli
~work mosalesi, Tixa+xvimWa
pistachio n adj fsta/fstis
pistil n butko
pit n ormo,ormo=xafangi,Saxti
ash ~ nacris ormo
casting/founding ~ samsxmelo ~
catch ~ sawreti ~
cinder ~ Slakis ~
cooking/roasting ~ sakvebis mosamzade-
beli/sacxobi ormo
grain/granary ~ marcvleulis Sesanaxi~
~ house m gomuri,miwuri
lime ~ sakire ~
open ~ mine Ria sabado,Riad mopoveba
refuse ~ nagvis ormo
roasting ~ gamosawvavi/saWmlis mosamza-
debeli ormo
~ shaft Saxti
pitch n (saxuravis) qanobi,mcenaris fisi,
kupri,daxriloba,daxrilobis ku-
Txe, biji,ferdi,qanobi
pitched adj adv daxrili, daxrilad
pitcher n Cafi,xelada,weraqvi
pitchfork n orTiTa fiwali
pitchy adj fisiani
pitfall n mcdaroba,satyuara,xafangi
pithos/pithoi n sing/pl Gr. piTosi
~burial n qvevrsamarxi
pithy adj gamomsaxvelobiTi,mravalmniSv-
nelovani,lakonuri,SekumSuli
pitiax n pitiaxSi
pitted(see pock…) adj Cofura saxe
pity n v sibraluli,Sebraleba/Secodeba
pivot v n RerZze damageba, ramis brunva
RerZze, qusli
pivotal adj centraluri,amosavali,ZiriTa
di,mTavari
isaTvis
~role mTavari roli
pix=pyx n ziarebis misaRebi WurWeli
place n v adgili; dadeba,ganlageba,gan-
Tavseba,dawyoba,dadgma,moTavseba
blank ~ carieli adgili
~importance on sth mniSvnelobis mini-
Weba ramisTvis
~ in burial saflavSi Cataneba
 სარჩევი
in ~ of magivrad
in the right ~ saTanado/saWiro adgi-
las
~ into v moqceva ramisa rameSi
~ of destination daniSnulebis adgili
~ ~ human habitation nasaxlari
~ ~ origin ramis Casaxvis adgili
~ ~ production warmoebis ~ finished ~ mosapirkeTebeli ficari
~ ~ worship salocavi
~ ~ within v moTavseba ramisa rameSi
out of ~ uadgilo(d)
stopping ~ banaki,sadgomi,dgomis ad-
gili
~sth on a par with sth mniSvnelobis mi-
niWeba ramesTan Tanasworobaze
placed adj dadebuli,moTavsebuli
placement n adgili,adgilmdebareoba
placer n oqros sabado
~deposit meoradi danaleqi fena
plague n v Savi Wiri; ubedurebis=Wiris
Tavs datydoma
visiting of ~ RvTis sasjeli
plain n adj vake=dablobi=veli ;Cveuleb-
rivi,uornamento,aSkara,swori(zeda-
piri),martivi,bunebrivi,ubralo,sada
above ~ dablobze aRmarTuli mTa
~ surface erTgvarovani/erTferovani
zedapiri
plainly adv bundovnad, odnav
plainness n sisadave
plait n v nawnavi,sorsoli ; (da)(mo)wvna
~ in to=into v Cawvna ramisa rameSi
plan(ing) n v ger gegma; dagegmva,dagegma-
reba
agglutinative ~ Semkvreli/Sekruli gegma
bipartite ~ ormxrivi ~
cell~ building senakisebri ganlagebis ~
clastered ~ jgufuri ~
general ~ generaluri ~
grid ~ layout badisebri ~
grill ~ gansazRvruli intervaliT ri-
gebad dawyobili qvebi,razec
dgas nageboba
in ~ gegmaSi, gegmiT
~from the outset Tavidanve dagegmili
skech ~ situaciuri ~
working ~ samuSao gegma
planar n vake/swori adgili/relief
plane n adj SalaSini,sibrtye,plani,mone-
tis wibo; sibrtyobrivi,vake adgili
~ surface=inclined ~ daxrili zedapiri/
185
sibrtye
~ table n planSeti
~ tree n adj Wadari/Wadris
planed adj maxvilwiboiani
planet n riza, cTomili=planeta
plank n adj v ficari/ficris; iatakis da
geba/dafena,ordiumiani ficari
planner n gegmis/proeqtis Semdgeni
planning ger (da)gegmareba
plano convex adj brtyel-amoburculi
plano-concave adj bryel-Cazneqili
plant n adj v mcenare/mcenaris; dargva,
sawarmo,saxelosno
clinging ~ xviara ~
creeping ~ mcocavi ~
dye ~ saRebavis ~
grafted ~ namyeni ~
leguminous ~ parkosani ~
oil-yielding ~ zeTovani ~
wild ~ food sakvebad vargisi veluri ~
wild ~ mxali/fxali
~ remains mcenareuli naSTi/naSTebi
plaque n (diskosebri) firfita,kedelze
dasakidi TefSi,pano
plaster v n baTqaSi(T) Selesva/Seglesa,
mobaTqaSeba
~ cast mulaJi
~ of Paris n adj TabaSiri(s)
rough coat of ~ baTqaSis pirveli/uxe-
Si fena=Seglesili
plastered adj mobaTqaSebuli,molesili,
Selesili,Selesiloba
thick ~ sqlad Selesili
white ~ kiriT Selesili
plastering n adj xsnari,Selesiloba,baT-
qaSi(s)
plastic n adj plastika; drekadi/moqnili
plasticine n adj plastilini(s)
plasticity n moqniloba,plastikuroba
plate n adj v dafa,umboni,fari,firfita,
TefSi,sasworis pina,sufris vercx-
leuli,liTonis furceli ; firfi-
tisebri ; daferva,SeWedva garedan
liTonis furcliT
~ glass sarkis mina
shallow ~ dabalkedliani TefSi
~shift teqtonikuri filebis gadaadgi-
leba
plated adj daferili,movarayebuli,(oqro)
curvili,firfitadakruli
plateau/plateaux n plato
 სარჩევი
platform(see terrace) n baqani,moedani,kaTe-
dra,tribuna,SemaRleba
make series of level~ baqnebis gamarTva
striking ~ dartymis moedani
platter n gadafriala TefSi,langari
plausible adj dasaSvebi,damajerebeli,
sarwmuno,wesieri,sando,sinamdvil-
is Sesaferisi
~opinion misaRebi azri/Sexeduleba
plausibly adv danamdvilebiT
play n v TamaSi(romelime),piesa; TamaSi
scenaze(cxovrebaSi,Wadrakis),dakvra
romelime instrumentze
~ bill n afiSa
~ of colours elvareba,ferTa TamaSi/ci-
ali
~ ~ words sityvaTa TamaSi
~ part in…/a role monawileobis miReba,
rolis TamaSi speqtaklSi
~polititical hand politikuri TamaSi
~ wright n dramaturgi
plead(ing) v ger vedreba,mudara
please v asiamovno/isiamovno
pleasure n gancxroma,siamovneba
plebeian n adj mdabio(ri)=plebei,mdabi-
uri/plebeuri
plebs/plebes n Lat. mdabior(n)i=plebsi
plectrum/plectra n sing/pl Lat. pleqtra
pledge v daqadneba,dapireba,vedreba,Txov
na,valdebuleba,dagiraveba
plenary adj plenaruli
~ session ~ sxdoma
plenitude n sisrule,siuxve
in the ~ of one’s power vinmes Zalaufle-
bis ayvavebis/gafurCqvnis xanaSi
plentiness n siuxve
plentiful adj uxvi,uamravi
plenty adj mravali,bevri,uxvi
in ~ adv uxvad
~ of adj bevri=Tavzesayreli
plethora n simravle
pliable adj damyoli,drekadi,moqnili
pliers n pl gazi (xelsawyo)
plinth n kvarcxlbeki,sadgari,plinTusi,
cokoli,fexis dasadgmeli mjdoma-
re adamianisaTvis,qvis safeni
Plio-Pleistocene n plio-pleistoceni
Pliocene n plioceni
plot n v nakveTi/ubani velze,gegma,nawar-
moebis Tema/Sinaarsi; gegmaze(rukaze,
naxazze) datana ramis,dadgena
plough(ed) n v adj guTani,saxnisi; xvna/
186
moxnuli
~agriculture/cultivation guTnuri/saxnavi
miwaTmoqmedeba
~ boy/man guTnisdeda,mxvneli
~ blade saxnisis piri
~ field yana
~ land n naxnavi,moxnuli miwa
mould board of a ~ saxnisis frTa
~ over/up again v aoSva
~ relay/team guTneuli
~ share saxnisi,kavi
~ tip saxnisis wveri
traction ~ gasawevi guTani
ploy n Semkoba,saqmianoba,taqtikuri
svla,sayvareli saqme
pluck out v gamoCiCqna
plug n v buni(ki),masra,sacobi,taris Ta-
vi; Tavis dacoba
~ shaped adj masrisebri
plumb n adj Sveuli (xelsawyo); Sveuli,
cicabo
out of ~ gamoSverili
~ with Sveulad remeze
plunder(ed)(er) v adj n (ga)Zarcva,gaZarcu-
li,mZarcveli
plunge v STavardna,dabrkoleba,dacema,
kleba,damabrkolebeli
~ onto v gaWirvebaSi Cavardna
take the ~ gamowvevis miReba,gariskva,Se-
Wideba rame saqmeze
pluvials naleqiani=wvimiani hava
pock-marked(see pitted) adj Cofura (saxe)
pod n parkosni mcenaris parki; bude
podium/podia n sing/pl Lat. podiumi; taZ-
ris safexuredi/kibeebiani safuZve-
li Senobis,xelovnuri SemaRleba
poet n poeti
minstrel ~ aSuRi
poetic adj poeturi
poetry n poezia
oral ~ zepiri poezia
poignant adj utyuari,mware,avi
~testimony utyuari sabuTi/dasturi
poinçone n Fr. puansoni=punsoni
poison n v sawamlavi=Sxami; mowamvla=
moSxamva=daSxamva
poisonous adj momwamlavi,Sxamiani
point n v sakiTxi,maxvili,sayrdeni,wveti/
wveri,wvetana,adgili=punqti,kbilis
fesvi,saxuravis sayrdeni,niSnuli,
wertili;miTiTeba,daniSnulebis ad-
gili,wawveteba,miniSneba,wvetana
 სარჩევი
boiling ~ duRilis temperatura
essential ~ mTavari sakiTxi
focal ~ umtavresi,ZiriTadi,mniSvnelo-
vani,fokusi
from this/that ~forward aqedan moyole-
buli
in ~ of fact sinamdvileSi
make ~ yuradRebis gamaxvileba,maxvi-
lis dasma
~ ~ previously miniSneba,sakiTxis
winaswar wamoweva
melting ~ dnobis wertili/temperatu
ra
moot ~ mwvave(sadao/mTavari)sakiTxi
~of contact urTierTobis/Sexenis adgi-
li/wertili
~ of departure aTvlis/amosavali wer-
tili
~ of/for origin Casaxvis adgili
~ of rest sayrdeni wertili
~ ~ view azr,TvalTaxedva,Sexeduleba
~ out/at v miniSneba raRacaze,SeniSvna,
mianiSnebs.., miTiTeba
~ out v gamoyofa ramisgan
projectile ~ Subiswveri
starting ~ amosavali/sawyisi wertili
strong ~ samxedro/sayrdeni ~ pommel n kota/kexi sagnis,unagiris kexi
~ to v miniSneba
~ ~ the ties with… miuTiTebs kavSirebze
vantage ~ moxerxebuli adgili
pointed n adj wvetana; maxvili=wvetiani,
wamaxuli
sharp ~ adj basrwvetiani,wverwamaxuli
tall ~ wvetana
pointer to sth maniSnebeli/maCvenebeli ra-
misa
pointing adj ger maniSnebeli,mაჩვენებელი
worth of ~ aRniSvnis Rirsi
pointileé adj Fr. wertilovani
likewise ~ werilovanis msgavsi
pointless adj blagvi,uazro,usafuZvlo
points n pl nakvTebi
poker n cecxlis saCxreki,gela(xelsa-
wyo)
~ work n xeze amowva/amomwvari
pole n adj boZi,sari,latani(s),kicura
central ~ Sua/mTavari boZi
tent ~ n karvis sayrdeni boZi
policy n politika
current ~ mimdinare ~
erroneous ~ mcdari ~
proper ~ swori ~
187
straddle/straddling ~ ormagi ~
polis n polisi
polish(ed) v adj gakrialeba/gakrialebu-
li,gaprialeba/gaprialebuli,pri-
ala,naprialebi,nakrialebi
high ~ Zalian priala
polisher n saprialebeli (xelsawyo)
polishing adj ger saprialebeli,gapriale-
ba
Politia n Gr. politia=saxelmwifo
political adj politikuri
~ weapon ~ iaraRi
politician n politikosi
polity n polisi,politikuri erTeuli
polled adj rqamotexili=urqo
pollen n adj yvavilis mtvriana/mtveri
polltax n erTi sulis gadasaxadi
pollute(d)(ion) v adj n dabinZureba/dabin-
Zurebuli,mowamvla/mowamluli
polychromic(al) adj poliqromuli
polyglot n adj poligloti,mravalenovani
polygonal adj mravalkuTxa
Polygonum convolvulus Lat. n adj yanis
wleqi (mc)
poilyhedron n adj mravalwaxnagi,mraval-
waxnaga
pond auzi,gubura,wyalsatevi/sacavi
ponder on sth v fiqri raime sakiTxze
pontifex/pontificis n sing/pl Lat. pontifiko-
si
pool auzi,gube,liTonis naRvenTi,sadno-
avzi,dagroveba
poor adj sabralo,Raribi=oxeri,sawyali,
gamousadegari,Raribuli,mwiri=
cota,uvargisi
~ extraction(level,output) madnis dabali
gamosavlianoba
~in preservation cudad Semonaxuli
the ~ n pl Rariboba=xalxi
poorly adv uxarisxod=cudad,Raribulad
Zalze
~ fired cudad gamomwvari
~ known naklebcnobili
~ preserved cudad Semonaxuli=dazian-
ebuli
populace n xalx-=masa,dabali fenebi
poplar n adj alvis xe/xis
popular adj cnobili,popularuli,mdabi-
uri
popularity n popularoba
gain ~ popularobis mopoveba
 სარჩევი
increase in ~ popularobis mateba/zrda
popularized adj popularuli
in a ~ language/manner ~ eniT/enaze
popularly adv popularulad
~known kargad/sayovelTaod cnobili
populate(d) v adj dasaxleba(cariel adgi
lze), dasaxlebuli
dencely/heavily ~ mWidrod dasaxlebuli
population n mosaxleoba.xalxi
alien ~ mosuli ~
~density mosaxleobis simWidrove
general ~ dabali sazogadoeba
heterogeneous ~ Wreli mosaxleoba
local ~ /the locals adgilobrivi ~
low ~ mcired dasaxlebuli
mixed ~ Sereuli ~
native ~ mkvidri ~
size of ~ mosaxleobis raodenoba
subject ~ qveSevrdomi mosaxleoba
populous adj xalxmravali
~social strata saz-is xalxmravali fena
porcelain(see clay) n adj faifuri(s)
porch n winkari,daxuruli galerea,por-
tiki
pore(s) n fori/forebi
porosity n forovaneba
porous adj forebiani=forovani
porphyry n adj porfiri(s)
port n navsadguri
~of trade savaWro ~
~ settlement sanavsadguro dasaxleba
portability n adj gadatan-gadmotanis SesaZ
lebloba,gadasatanad vargisi
portable adj gadasatani,moZravi
~ hearth ~ kera
portal n portali
portcullies n asawevi alayafis (WiS)kari
porterage n gadaadgileba
human ~ xalxis gadayvana
porthole n samarxSi Sesasvleli
~ lined with slabs qvis filebiT amogebu-
li ~
portico(ed) n adj portiki(ani)
portion n ulufa/nawili,arCivi,wili
a ~ of mTelis nawili
portrait n adj suraTi=portreti,portre-
tuli
~ head Tavis gamosaxuleba=portreti
self ~ avtopotreti
portraitist n portretebis mxatvari
portraiture n portreti(s) mxatvroba
portray v nawarmoebSi asaxva(aRwera/Cve-
188
neba),daxatva=gamosaxva,daxasiaTeba
portrayal n gamosaxuleba,gamosaxuleba
brtyel zedapirze amoburculi
portrayed adj gamosaxuli
portraying adj gamomsaxveli
pose(see posture) n v poza/manera,sakiTx-
is dasma,pozaSi dgoma/wola
~problem sirTulis Seqmna,azris Camo-
yalibeba/SeTavazeba
~question kiTxvis dasma/Camoyalibeba
posit v dadgma,sakiTxis dasma,mtkiceba,sa
fuZvlad dadeba(raime azrisTvis),
warmodgena,warmoCena,miCneva
position n v adgili,mdgomareoba,Tanamde-
boba,damokidebuleba,Tvalsazrisi,
TvalTaxedva,,azri,ganlageba,moTa-
vseba,mdebareoba
appropriate ~ saTanado/Sesaferisi ad-
gili/mdgomareoba
commanding ~ gabatonebuli mdebare-
oba/xedi,Sexeduleba,azri
in contracted ~ moxrili/mokecili Con-
Cxi
geographic ~ geografiuli mdebareoba
positioned adj mdgari,ganlagebuli,mdeba-
re
positive(ly) adj adv dadebiTi,dadebiTad
possessed adj Sepyrobili ramiT
~by spirits sulebis mier Sepyrobili
possess(or) v n floba=qona sakuTrebaSi
mepatrone,mflobeli
possession n kuTvnileba,samflobelo,sa-
kuTreba,qoneba,floba
in ~ mflobelobaSi
~ in posterity mudmiv ~
possibility n SesaZlebloba
remove ~ SesaZleblobis mospoba
possible adj SesaZlo,SesaZlebeli
possibly adv albaT,savaraudod,SeiZleba,
SesaZloa
post… pref. ramis Semdgomi
post n v pref. boZi,sveti,posti=Tanamde-
boba,adgili,fosta,fostiT gagzavna,
madnis/naxSiris TviTnabadi natexi
boundary ~ sasazRvro posti
~ free safosto gadasaxadisagan Tavisu
fali
guard ~ sadarajo
~glacial gamyinvarebis Semdgomi=holo-
ceni
~graduate n aspiranti
~hole svetis/saris ormo/foso
~house svetebiani saxli
 სარჩევი

king ~ dgari, deda/Sua boZi anthropomorphous ~ saxis gamosaxule-

~stone wm.marcvlovani qviSa-qva/qvis biani keramika
support bearing ~ Senobis/mzidi burji band(coil-built/tape) ~ lenturi ~
T-shaped ~ dedaboZi beaked=rising spout ~ aweuli/niskarti-
~ war omisSemdgomi seburpiriani ~
postage safosto gadasaxadi black-burnished/polished ~ Savpriala ~
postal adj safosto black-burnt ~ Savad gamomwvari ~
postdate v TariRis gaazalgazrdaveba= black-figured ~ Savfiguruli ~
daTasriReba ufro gviani droiT, black-glazed ~ Savad moWiquli ~
vidre iyo black-painted ~ ~ SeRebili ~
posterity n STamomavloba,momavali Taobe black-slip/varnished ~ Savlakiani ~
bi boggy/sacking ~ ZaZiani ~
postern n gverdiTi(ukana/faruli) kari brilliantly poilished brwyinvaled napri-
posthumous(ly) adj adv gardacvalebis alebi~
Semdgomi/Semdeg brown ~ wabla/wiTeli ~
~edition gardacvalebisSemdgomi ga- building ~ samSeneblo ~
mocema ~built with coils Tixis rgolebiT nagebi~
~fame gardacvalebisSemdgomi dide- ~ ~ ~ slabs of clay Tixis naWrebiT ~~
ba/saxeli Canopic ~ kanopuri ~
postophorium/postophorii n sing/pl Lat. pos- chaff-faced/tempered ~ bzenarevi ~
toforiumi cloth wiped ~ sveli naWriT mogluve-
postpone v gadadeba(krebis/Sexvedris) bulzedapiriani ~
postulate v n dasabuTeba coarse ~ uxeSi ~
posture(see pose) n uZravi=statikuri coil method Tixis grZeli”bawriT” Zer-
poza,mdgomareobaEOBA wva[ix.aqve cord(ed)]
enthroned ~ taxtze mjdomi ~container/vessel Tixis WurWeli
reclinig ~ mwolare
cord(ed) ~ zonarsaxiani/Tokisebri ~
seated ~ mjdomare
~ decorated with figures figurebiT Sem
standing ~ mdgomare
kuli ~
pot n v qila,qoTani; Zerwva,WurWlis
design ~ mxatvruli ~
amoyvana Carxze
egg-shell/shallow ~ Txelkedliani ~
cooking ~ qvabqoTani
engobaged ~ wernaqiani ~
double/triple ~ marani(sasmisi)
excavated ~ ganaTxari ~
~ hook n Cangali=naWa buxarSi/keriaze
fine ~ mSvenieri(saukeTeso,Zvirfasi) ~
milking ~ sawveleli(WurWeli)
fluted ~ kanelurebiani ~
oil ~ sazeTe ~
glazed ~ moWiquli ~
~stand qoTnis sadgami
handmade/modeled ~ xeliT naZerwi ~
stewing ~ kerZis mosamzadebeli ~
hard fired ~ zlier gamomwvari ~
twin ~ ormagi ~
high burnished kargad gamomwvari ~
potent adj Zlevamosili,Zlieri,damaje-
inlayed ~ inkrustirebuli ~
rebeli,Zliermoqmedi
lined ~ sarCuliani ~
potential adj SesaZlebeli,potenciuri,po-
many-figured ~ mravalfiguriani ~
tenciuroba,savaraudo,Zlier,Zle-
vamosili matting ~ Wilofiani ~
potter(ing) n adj ger meTune/meqoTne,same- offhand ~ uxeSad naZerwi ~
Tuneo,meTuneoba painted ~ moxatuli/SeRebili ~
potter’s n adj meTunisa,sameTuneo pink-lined ~ vardisfersarCuliani ~
~ mark meTunis damRa polished ~ naprialebi ~
~ wheel ~ morgvi/Carxi polychromic(al) ~ mravalferi=poliqro-
pottery(see ceramics,container,vessel,ware) muli ~
n pl Tixis nawarmi(nakeToba(ni), red-baked ~ wiTlad gamomwvari ~
keramika,WurWeli) red-black banded ~ wiTel-Savi sartyle-
biani ~

189
 სარჩევი

red-clay ~ wiTelkeciani ~ powder n fxvnili

red-figured ~ wiTelfiguruli ~ ~ flask/horn sapirwamle
red-fered=fired red ~ wiTlad gamomwvari ~ magazine Tofis wamlis sawyobi
red-painted ~ wiTladSeRebili ~ powdered adj mtvrad qceuli
red-slipped ~ wiTwlwernaqiani ~ powdery adj fxvnilad qceuli
red-varnished ~ wiTellakiani ~ power n (Zala)ufleba,Zliereba,xelisuf
ribbed/serrated ~ dakbiluli ~ leba
rough ~ uxeSi ~ be in ~ xelisuflebaSi yofna
round-bodied ~ mrgvalmucliani ~ be in/under ~ Zalauflebis qveS yof-
sacking ~ qsoviliani ~ na,xelisuflebis morCili
Samian ~ samosuri ~ come to ~ xelisuflebaSi mosvla
serrated-stream ~ nakadebiani ~ ~ driven adj meqanikuri xelsawyo
serrated-wavy ~ savarcxlispirul-tal- exercise ~ xelisuflebis ganxorci-
Ruri ~ eleba=marTva,Zalauflebis
small-figured ~ mcirefiguruli ~ gamoyeneba
smooth ~ gluvzedapiriani ~ gain ~ Zalauflebis mopoveba
~surmounted by knobs kopebdasmuli ~ pulling ~ gamwevi Zala
symbol ~ simboloiani ~ regal/royal ~ samefo Zalaufleba/xe-
tall-necked ~ maRalyeliani ~ lisufleba
thick-shell ~ sqelkedliani ~ remove sb from ~ xelisuflebidan Ca-
thin-walled ~ Txelkedliani ~ mocileba vinmesi
timber ~ ZelebiT nagebi samarxis ~ seize ~ Zalauflebis xelSi Cagdeba/
walnut-shell ~ kaklis naWuWisebri ~ mitaceba
well-baked ~ kargad gamomwvari ~ talismanic ~ Tilismis Zala
wheel-made ~ Carxze nakeTebi ~ temporal ~ saero xelisufleba
to the full extent of one’s ~ mTeli/sru-
white-figured ~ TeTrfiguruli ~
li ZalauflebiT
white-filled pointillé ~ TeTri pastiT amo-
powerful(ness) adj n Zlevamosili,mZlav-
vsebulwertilebiani ~
ri,Zlieri; Zlevamosileba
white-painted ~ TeTrad moxatuli ~
all ~ yovlisSemZle
~ with cavities/holes fosoebiani ~
powerless adj uZluri=Zalauflebis ar-
~ ~ cogs dakbiluli ~
mqone
~ ~ holes and ribs fosoebian-savarcx-
the powers that be Zlierni ama qveynisa-
lispiruli ~ ni
~ ~ vertically pierced handle vertikalu- powers n pl Zalebi
rad gaxvretilyuriani ~ practical(ly) adj adv gamosadegi/moxerxe-
~ made in a slip-shod way uxeSad naZerwi buli=praqtikuli; TiTqmis,
~ making/production keramikis (da)mzade- praqtikulad
ba,meTuneoba practice(see custom,rite,rule) n v wesi; wes-
~ ware Tixis/keramikuli nawarmi is/ritualis Sesruleba,varjiSi=
potting ger WurWlis Zerwva mecadineoba,daxelovneba rameSi,
~tradition Zerwvis tradicia saqmianoba,qveynis marTva
poultry n Sinauri frinveli begin the ~ of sth raimes danergva
pound n v filTaqva=qvasanayi=rodinis ~ cult/cult ~ kultmaxureba
qva; (da)nayva ~ magic misnoba,mkiTxaoba
pounded adj danayili,dafSvnili,dafqvi- in ~ praqtikulad
li ~ of burning dawvis wesi
pour(ing) v ger gadmosxma,daRvenTeba,daw- ~ ~ burying dakrZalvis wesi
veTeba,dasxma,mopkureba,CawveTeba practiced adj damkvidrebuli,miRebuli
at the time of ~ Camosxmisas practices n pl wesi,xerxi,saqmianoba,ritu-
~ out amofrqveva=gulis gadaSla,ramis ali
mboba=gadmofrqveva mortuary ~ dakrZalvis wesi
poverty n siRaribe,masalis simwire

190
 სარჩევი
praefurnium/praefurnii n sing/pl Lat. saxmi-
li/sacecxle
praetor n pretori
praetorian(n) n Ppretoria/pretoriuli
praetorium n mxedarTmTavari ; mxedarT-
mTavrisa da misi Stabis karavi
praetorium/praetorii n sing/pl Lat. preto-
ria
praise n v qebaÁxotba ; (Se)qeba.xotbis
Sesxma
~ to the skies gundrukis kmeva=caSi ay-
vana=qeba
praised adj qebuli
praiseworthy adj (Se)qebis Rirsi
pray(er) v n locva,vedreba; mlocveli
offer up a ~ locvis aRvlena
Prayer Book (the) n kurTxevani,locvani
prayer-carpet/rag n safeni locvisTvis
praying ger vedreba,locva
pre… pref. …mde(li),wina(re),manmade
~ war omamdeli/omiswina
Preadamite=pre-Adamite adj adamamdeli
preach(er) v n qadageba; mqadagebeli/qa-
dagi
preaching ger mqadagebloba,qadageba
preamble n Sesavali,preambula
Preantique=pre-Antique adj antikuramde-
li=winare antikuri
precarious(ly) adj adv dausabuTebeli/da-
usabuTeblad,arasaimedo(d),
usafuZvlo,saeWvo(d)
precede v win gaswreba,winswreba
sth ~ sth raRac uswrebs raRacas
precedent n precedenti
preceding adj wina(mavali),winswrebi
~ period wina periodi
percept n v mcneba,Segoneba,moweriloba,
ganCineba; miTiTeba
Prechristian=preChristian adj qristianobam-
deli,winareqristianuli
precinct n eklesiis galavniani ezo/Semo-
gareni
religious ~ religiuri CarCoebi
precise adj gamowvlilviTi,zusti,zedmi-
wevniTi,punqtualuri
precisely adv gamowvlilviT,zustad,zed-
miwevniT,swored, rom…
precision n sizuste
with ~ sizustiT
precious adj sanukvari,Zvirfasi
precipice n kbode,flate,ufskruli,cica-
kalTa mTis
191
precipitate v daCqareba=xelis Sewyoba,
rom dacqardes rame
precipitous adj Sveuli klde=cicabo
preclude v Tavidan acileba/moSoreba,xe-
lis SeSla,ar daSveba ramis
~sb from sth vinmes Camocileba ramisgan
precocious adj arasaTanado,naCqarevi
pre-condition(s) n winapiroba/pirobebi,wi-
na viTareba
precolonisation n kolonializaciamdeli
precolonising adj winare koloniuri
precursor n winamavali,winaswarmetyveli
predate(see postdate) v TariRis daZvele-
ba=datariReba ufro adreuli xa
niT, vidre iyo
predecessor n adre/manamde arsebuli,wi-
namorbedi(adamiani)
predicament adj rTuli(usiamo/uxerxuli)
viTareba
predict v winaswarmetyveleba
predictable adj is, risi winaswarmetyvele
bac SeiZleba
predicted adj nawinaswarmetyvelebi
prediction n ganWvreta,winaswarmetyvele-
ba
predictor n winaswarmetyveli
predilection n daintereseba,gataceba,mid-
rekileba ramis keTebis
predominance n upiratesoba,siWarbe
predominate v ametebs,Warbobs,(ga)batone-
ba,dominireba
predominated adj gabatonebuli
predominately adv gadaWarbebulad,umetes
wilad,upiratesad
predomination n batonoba,upiratesoba
predominant adj gabatonebuli,gavrcele-
buli,Cveuli
pre-eminence n upiratesoba
pre-eminent adj gamorCeuli,gansakuTrebu
li,upiratesi,saxelganTqmuli
preen v sarkeSi keklucoba
pre-existance(existent/existing) adj adreve
(manmade,ukve) arsebuli
preface n Sesavali,winasityvaoba
prefer(able)(ness) v adj n amjobino; misa-
aRebi,umjobesi,sasurveli; upirate-
soba
preferably adv upiratesad,umjobes…
preference n upiratesoba
in ~ with… upiratesobiT
preferent adj upiratesi
preferred adj is,rasac upiratesoba eniWe-
 სარჩევი
ba
prejudice n v mikerZoeba,undobloba,cru
rwmena
without ~ miukerZoeblad
prejudiced adj mikerZoebuli
prelibate(ion)(see libate) v n Rvinis Sewir-
va
preliminary adj winaswari
preliterate adj damwerlobamdeli
prelude adj wina(swari),wina periodi,pre-
ludia
pre-metal adj uliTono,winare liTonuri
~ using liTonis Semosvlis winare...
premice n winapiroba
premier (the) adj pirveli
pre-monetary adj fulamdeli-sanam fuli
Semividoda
primacy in sth upiratesoba raRacaSi
primordial adj uZvelesi/uxsovari drois/
droidan
prentice n Segirdi
~ hand gauwafavi/Segirdis xeli
preoccupation n moRvaweoba
prepare v mzadeba,momzadeba,Semzadeba
preparation(s) n mzadeba
preparatory adj mosamzadebeli
pre-pay v winaswar gadaxda
preponderance n siWarbe
preponderate v gadaWarbeba,jobna
pre-pottery adj meTuneobamdeli,ukeramiko
~Neolithic=the dénouement (Fr) ~ neoliTi
pre-publication n winasagamocemo
prereligion adj religiamdeli
prerequisite adj winamZRvari,winapiroba
(aucilebeli)
pre-sanctified adj winaswarkurTxeuli
presbiterium n Lat. presbiteriumi
prescribe v urCio vinmes ra da rogor
gaakeTos,rekomendaciis micema
prescript(ion) n brZaneba,miweriloba,reko-
mendacia,recepti,dauwereli kanoni
precede v gaswreba/winswreba(droSi)ro-
ca raRac win uswrebs raRacas
presence n arseboba,yofna
present n adj v saCuqari=ZRveni;axlande-
li,awmyo,mimdinare; dasaCuqreba,
wardgena/warmodgena,moZRvna,Cu-
qeba,Seswavla,arsebuli
~ day Tanamedrove
~ oneself sakuTari Tavis wardgena
the ~ winamdebare
up to the ~ day/century Cvens dromde
192
presentable adj gamosaCenad/saCveneblad
vargisi
presentation n wardgena
~ to the temple taZrad miyvaneba
presented adj naCuqari,naCvenebi,warmodge
nili
presently adv axla,male,maSinve
presentment n cudi(s) niSani
preservation n dacva,SenarCuneba,Semonax-
va
good state of ~ kargad Senaxuli,karg
mdgomareobaSi
preserve(d) v adj dacva/daculi,SenarCune
ba/SenarCunebuli,Semonaxva/Semonax-
uli,Senaxuli,xeluxlebeli,Semor-
Cenili,gadarCena/gadarCenili
~ in alcohol spirtSi Senaxva/Senaxuli
poorly ~ cudad Semonaxuli
~ to a height(length/width) of Nth cm/m Se-
morCenilia raRac simaRlis
(sigrZis/siganis)
preserving adj damcavi,damcveli
preside v Tavmjdomareoba
president n Tavmjdomare,prezidenti
~ director direqtori(dawesebulebis)
press n v gamomcemloba,sawuri,wberi,sa-
qajavi,wnexi; daWyleta,wnex(v)a
~ back v gamownexa
~ comment on… gamoxmaureba naSromze
~ in v Catvifvra,Cazneqa,SeWyleta,CaWde
va
in ~ ibeWdeba(axla) naSromi
lever ~ berketiani wnexi
~off sth v aTla Txlad
~ room oTaxi,adac wnexi dgas
screw ~ xraxniani ~
pressure n wneva,zegavlena
~ on v zegavlena=zewola=dawola
presswork n amonabeWdi (teqsti)
prestige n Rirseba,prestiJi/prestiJuli
prestigious adj Rirsebis Sesaferisi,pres-
tiJuli
presumably adv rogorc Cans..,albaT,sava-
raudod,winaswari varaudiT,aSka
rad,WeSmaritad,danamdvilebiT
presume v varaudi=ivaraudo,miCneva
presumed adj savaraudod,navaraudevi
presumption n (winaswari) varaudi
presumptive(ly) adj adv savaraudo(d)
presuppose v winaswar ivaraudo rame,gu-
lisxmoba ramis
presupposition n winaswari varaudi
 სარჩევი
pretend(er) v n Tavis moCveneba; momCivani
pre-treatment n winaswari damuSaveba
prettily adv lamazad,koxtad,mSvenivrad
pretty adj lamazi,koxta,mSvenieri
prevail(s) v Warbobs
prevailing(ly) adj adv upiratesi,upirate-
sad
prevalance v n aWarbebs/sWarbobs; upi-
ratesoba,siWarbe,jobna
prevalent adj gavrcelebuli,Warbi,siWarbe
prevent(ive) v adj xelis SeSla,(Tavdacva,
(Tavidan)acileba/arideba
previous adj wina,uwindeli
previously adv adre,Tavidanve,Tavdapirve-
lad,manamde,winaswar
~ cited zemoT CamoTvlili
~ discussed zemoT/winaswar ganxiluli
~ mentioned ~ ~ naxsenebi
~ noted ~ ~ aRniSnuli/
SeniSnuli
prevision n cudi winaTgrZnoba
prey n v nadavli,msxverpli,nanadirevi,
nadiroba,Zarcva,Cagvra,wameba
price(less) n adj fasi; fasdaudebeli=Se
ufasebeli
selling ~ gasayidi fasi
precincts n pl Semogareni
prick n v boZali; (ga)xvreta,daCvreta
~ eared adj yurebdacqvetili
pricked adj gaxvretili,daCvretili
pricker n sadgisi
prickle n ekali
prickly adj ekliani
~ ash=sorbus Lat. n adj StoSi,Wnavi(mc)
pride(see proud) n siamaye
priest(ess) n kult/kerpTmsaxuri,qurumi,
moZRvari,mRvdeli,RvTismsaxuri,xucesi
(kaci/qali)
chief/high ~ mRvdelmTavari(kaci)
priesthood n mRvdloba,samRvdeloeba,qu-
rumoba(saqmianoba,xalxi)
~ rank sasuliero wodeba
priestly cast sasuliero pirTa/qurumTa
kasta
primacy n pirveloba,me/tauroba,batono-
ba, arqiepiskoposi
give ~ to sth upiratesobis miniWeba
with ~in sth upiratesobiT
primarily adv upiratesad,upirveles yov-
lisa,upirvelesad,pirvel rigSi,
ZiriTadad
primary adj (pirvel)sawyisi/qmnili,upir-
193
velesi,ZiriTadi,dawyebiTi,pirve-
ladi,ubralo,amosavali,mTavari
~burial erTxel gamoyenebuli samarxi
~ principle upirvelesi wesi/principi
~ origin/source pirvelwyaro
prime v adj Catenva; umTavresi,upirvele-
si,sawyisi,ubralo,mniSvnelovani,
araCveulebrivi,saukeTeso
~ cause pirvelmizezi
primely adv SesaniSnavad
primeval adj pirvelqmnili/yofili
primitive adj pirvelqmnili/yofili
prim(ed) v adj datkepna/datkepnili
primrose n adj Primula gen, firusula(si)
prince(ss) n ufliswuli/batoniSvili
vaJi/qali
consort ~ mefe qalis meuRle(mag.daviT
soslani)
Prince(ss) Royal taxtis memkvidre uflis-
wuli/mefis asuli
princeps n Lat. princepsi-romis impera-
toris tituli
editio ~ Lat. pirveli beWduri gamoce
ma
principal adj Zireuli,ZiriTadi,sakvanZo,
mTavari,umTavresi,principuli
~ crops umTavresi marcvlovnebi(ama
Tu im qveyanaSi)
principality n gabatonebuli mdgomareoba=
wamyvani, samTavro
principally adv umTavresad,umeteswilad,
ZiriTadad
principate=principatus n principati
principium n principia
principle n debuleba,norma,safuZveli,we-
si,principi,mTavari,ZiriTadi,pir-
velmizezi,Semadgeneli nawili
print v (da)beWdva/CiTva
printed adj dabeWdili/nabeWdi,daCiTuli
~ page teqstis anabeWdi
printer n mbeWdavi,mCiTavi
printer’s sheet nabeWdi furceli=koreq-
tura
printing ger stamburi beWdva
printout n amonabeWdi teqsti
prior n eklesiis winamZRvari kaci
~ to… adv …mde,wina(awari),ufro
mniSvnelovani,apriori
~to this age aqamde,am xanamde
prioress n eklesiis winamZRvari qali
priority n upiratesoba
give ~ upiratesobis miniWeba
 სარჩევი

high on the list of sb’s ~ was… viRacis- proclaim(ed) v adj aRiareba/aRiarebuli,

Tvis mTavari prioriteti iyo... gamocxadeba/gamocxadebuli,
prismatic adj prizmuli damowmeba
prison n v sapyrobile=cixe=xaro ; dapa- proclivity n midrekileba ramisadmi
timreba proconsul/proconsulares n sing/pl Lat. pro-
~ cell cixis sakani konsuli
prisoner n patimari procreate(ion) v n gamravleba
~of war omis dros tyved ayvanili procurator n prokuratori
private adj kerZo,piradi procure v mopoveba,uzrunvelyofa,maWank-
privations n pl arqona,gaWirveba,siduxWi- loba
re,ararseboba ramis procurement n miReba,SeZena=yidva,saqon-
Privi Council saidumlo sabWo lis miwodeba,maWankloba
Privi Seal samefo/saxelmwifo beWedi ~network mimaragebis/miwodebis qseli
privilege n v upiratesoba,upiratesobis ~of ore rkinis miReba
miniWeba,nebis darTva ~pattern miRebis/SeZenis wesi/forma
prize n v prizi, Sefaseba procurer n maWankali kaci
~ winner gamarjvebuli=priziori prodigal n uZRebi Svili
prized adj pativsacemi,dafasebuli,Zvir- produce v gakeTeba,gamovlena,damzadeba,
fasi Seqmna,fotos beWdva,warmoeba,war-
highly ~ uaRresad pativsacemi vinme, warmoSoba raRacisgan
didad fasobs/fasobda raRac ~from v gakeTeba/Seqmna ramisgan ramis
pro(s)…(see con) pref. momxre,Tanaxma ~milk/wine rZis/rvinis warmoeba
probability n albaToba,varaud,SesaZleb- produced adj Seqmnili/warmoebuli
loba mass ~ masobrivad ~ ~
probable adj SesaZlebeli,SesaZlo,sava- producer n mwarmoebeli(vinme)
raudo,dasaSvebi producing adj mwarmoebeli(vinme/rame)
probably adv albaT,savaraudod,SesaZloa product n nawarmi,namuSevari,produqti
probe n fiTxi=zondi by ~ gverdiTi produqti
problem n amocana,sakiTxi,problema secondary ~ meoradi produqti(cxvari-
~ area sakvlevi Tema xorci/cxvari-matyli)
problematic adj sakamaTo,rtuli,saeWvo production n produqcia,speqtakli
proceed v mimdinareoba,ganviTareba,gagr- ~ centre warmoebis/mwarmoebeli centri
Zeleba in ~ iwarmoeba…
~ along a path ganviTareba raRac mimar mass ~ masiuri warmoeba
TulebiT mode of ~ warmoebis forma/wesi
~ from… to… grZeldeba …dan…mde seat of ~ warmoebis Casaxvis adgili
proceeding adj mimdinare productive adj nayofieri,produqtiuli
~ by turns monacvleobiT mimdinare gan ~ cycle sawarmoo cikli
viTareba productivity n mosavlianoba,produqti-
proceedings n pl saqmeebi/saqmeni,saqci- uloba
eli,sesiis/simpoziumis masalebi profane v SebRalva,wabilwva
process n v procesi,warmoeba,damuSaveba, profaniety n sibilwe
damzadeba,momzadeba(sakvebis) profanity n biwiereba
migratory ~ gadasaxlebis procesi profess n qadageba
~ of converting gardaqmnis procesi proficiency n gamocdileba,codna,xelova-
processing ger warmoeba,damuSaveba,damza neba,profesiuloba
deba profile n profili
~tool ramis dasamzadebeli xelsawyo in ~ profilSi
procession(al) n adj rigi,Tanmimdevroba, profiler(ed) adj Fr. profilirebuli
procesia,saprocesio profit n mogeba,sargebeli
proclamation n oficialuri gancxadeba, at a ~ mogebiT,momgebianad
ramis gamocxadeba gross ~ saerTo Sida produqti

194
 სარჩევი
profitable adj momgebiani,sarfiani
profitably adv momgebianad.sarfianad
profound(ly) adj adv uzarmazari,Rrmaaz-
rovani,Rrmad codna,uZlieresi,di-
dad,saguldagulo(d),Zireuli,sruli
profusely adv (gul)uxvad,metismetad
profusion of… siuxve,simravle
sth found in ~ uxvad aRmoCnda masala
progenitor n gvaris damfuZnebeli/mama-
mTavari,winapari,wyaro=originali
progress n v ganviTareba,winsvla
progressive adj zrdadi,mzardi,ganviTare-
badi
prohibit(ion)(ive) v n adj akrZalva,xelis
SeSla;Zviri
project n v gegma,proeqti ; agegmva/dageg-
mareba,daproeqteba
pilot ~ winaswari/wamyvani proeqti
projecting adj gamoziduli,gamoSverili
projection n kauWi=sakidi,sayrdeni
flat ~ izometriuli xedi/proeqcia
proliferate v raodenobrivad gamravleba,
zrda,gaCena ramis,gavrceleba
prolong(ed) v adj gagrZeleba,xangrZlivi
prominence n siZliere,Zliereba,gamoCe-
nili,cnobili,Sverili,gamoburculi
come to ~ gaxda cnobili/diadi
rise to ~ gaZliereba (mag.qveynis)
prominent(ly) adj adv didebuli/didebu-
lad,masiuri,STambeWdavi/STam-
beWdavad,didi=cnobili pirov-
neba,TvalSisacemi; gamoweuli
~ specialist in sth didi mcodne specialis-
ti ramis
promise(d) n v adj piroba;dapireba/Sepi-
reba ; dapirebuliSepirebuli
Promised Land aRTqmuli miwa=israeli
promising adj imedis momcemi
promote(ion) v mateba,xelSewyoba,daxma-
reba,win wamoweva
prompt v adj adv swrafi/swrafad,azris
Canergva,gadaudebeli,Seuferxebeli,
Sexseneba,karnaxi,moxerxebuli,dauy-
ovnrblivi,gamoiwvia,xeli Seuwyo
prone adj adv sibrtyobrivi; pirqve mwo-
lare
~to sth midrekili raRacisken(mag,mtv-
revadi)
proned to adj midrekili
proneness n midrekileba
prong(ed) n adj fiwali/fiwlis kbili;
dakbiluli/kbilebiani sagani
pronounce v gamoTqma=warmoTqma
195
pronounceable adj advilad gamosaTqmeli
pronounced adj mkveTrad gamoxatuli,aS-
kara,TvalsaCino,TvalSisacemi
~ feature(mark/sign) mkvetrad gamoxatu
li niSani
pronouncedly adv mkceTrad,aSkarad,xaz-
gasmiT,gadamwyvetad
pronouncement(s) on azri raRacis Sesa-
xeb,gancxadeba,gamonaTqvami
pronunciation n gamoTqma(sityvis)
proof(see prove) n dasturi,mtkicebuleba,
sabuTi
~ correcting/reading teqstis Sesworeba=
koreqtura
~ of sb’s identity vinmes piradobis dama-
dasturebeli sabuTi
proofread n teqstis sesworeba=koreqtu-
ra
prove(see proof) v damtkiceba,dadasture-
ba
proved adj damtkicebuli,dadasturebu-
li
~ right dadasturdasimarTle/siswore
~ wrong ~ rom arasworia
prop n bjeni,bijgi,samagri,sayrdeni,kon-
soli,sadgami ramis
~ up v dbjena ramisa rameze
propping up adj raRac dabjenili raRa-
caze
propagate(ion) v n romelime religiis
gavrceleba/danergva; ambis/wesis
gadacema,xelSewyoba,gamravleba
self ~ TviTgamravleba (mag. mcenare)
propel v amoZraveba,xelis Sewyoba raR-
ac mimarTulebiT
propellant adj mamoZravebeli Zala
proper adj zusti,swori,saTanado,ZiriTa-
di,jerovani,marjve=Sesabamisi,gar-
kveuli,Zveli
eg. ~ Mtskheta Zveli mcxeTa
~ respect saTanado pativi
properly adv zustad,sworad,saTanadod,
jerovnad,(Sesabamisi) danisnule-
biT,sworad
~ faced/read Cans/ikiTxeba kargad(war-
wera,naxazi,naxati,ornamenti)
properties n pl usu. Rirsebebi
beneficent ~ keTili/kargi ~
magical ~ magiuri Tvisebebi
propertied adj mdidari,SeZlebuli vinme
propertiless adj uqoneli
property n adj avladideba,qoneba=SeZle-
ba,Tviseba,sakuTreba,Rirseba; qone-
 სარჩევი
brivi
intellectual ~ inteleqtualuri sakuTre-
ba
personal/private ~ kerZo/piradi ~ protect(ed) v adj gamoqomageba,dacva,mfar
prophecy n winaswarmetyveleba
prophetic adj winaswarmetyveluri
prophet(ess) n gulTmisani,winaswarmetyve
li(kaci/qali)
propitious adj Sesaferisi/xelSemwyobi
~ opportunities xelSemwyobi pirobebi
proportion(al) v adj zomaSi Sesabamisoba=
SeTanxmeba ; SeTanazomebuli=
proporciuli
proportioned adj zomiT/zomaSi Sesabamisi
=SeTanazomebuli
elaborately/well ~ daxvewili forma/zoma
koxtad Camosxmuli
proportions n pl zomebi,proporciebi
proposal/propose n v SeTavazeba,xelis
Txova
Propontis adv pontisken
proportion n nawili, proporcia
large ~ didi nawili ramis
propping adj sabjeni,sayrdeni
proprietor(see petty) n patroni=mesakuTre=
mflobeli
propyläen n propileoni
proscenium/proscenii n Lat. avanscena´pro-
proskeniumi
proscription n gandevna,risxva,kanongareSe
gamocxadeba
prose n proza
proselitize v axali/sxva religiis miReba
proselitized adj axladmoqceuli
proselitism n prozelitizmi
prospect(ing) n v adj ger molodini; daz-
verva,dazverviTi/sadazvervo,Se-
saZlebloba
prospective adj momavali,mosalodneli,sa
varaudo
prospects n pl molodini,perspeqtiva
prosper(ed) v n adj warmateba,winsvla; ay
vaveba,aRorZineba,warmatebis miR-
weva,winsvla
prospering adj ayvavebuli,warmatebuli
prosperity n dideba,keTildReoba,maradi-
uloba,momavali Taobebi,warmateba,
ayvaveba,STamomavloba
~ of earlier times dideba gardasul dro
Ta
time of ~ ayvavebis/didebis xana
prosperous adj ayvavebuli,warmatebuli
prostrate(ion) v n miaxleba,pirqve damxo-
196
ba,damarcxeba,Tavis damcireba,su-
lierad gatexva,dasusteba,Zalis
gamocla
veloba,daculi
protecting adj ger damcavi/damcveli ; dac
va
protection n dacva
for ~ against… dacvis mizniT
Protection (the) RvTismSoblis safarvlis
dResaswauli
protective adj damcveli,mfarveli
~diety mfarveli RvTaeba
~ genii mfarveli sulebi
~sculptures ~ qandakebebi
protector(ate) n mfarveli,damcveli,meoxi,
RmerTi-mfarveli; dacva=proteq-
torati
proto… pref. sawyisi,pirveladi.wina(re)
~cuneiform lursmulis winare…
~ literate adj damwerlobamdeli
~ type n prototipi
base(d) on ~ ~ prototipidan (ga)mom-
dinare
derive from ~ ~ ~ ganviTarebuli
protome(d) n adj wina nawili=protoma,
protomiani
curved in ~ protomis formiT gamokve-
Tili
double ~ orprotomiani
protracted adj gaWianurebuli,xangrZlivi,
droSi gawelili
protrude(ing) v adj gamoburcva,gamoburcu
li,gamoSverili,gamoweuli
~in front win gaSverili/gawvdili
protrusion n Sverili,gamoburculoba
proturberance n gamoburculoba
protuberant adj (amo/gamo)burculi,gamoz-
neqili
proud(see pride) v adj amayoba; amayi,laRi
~ head gabeduli adamiani
prune(see knife) v (ga)sxvla
provable(ness) adj is,rac advilad mtkic-
deba=advilad dasamtkicebeli ram
prove(d) v adj dadastureba/dadasturebu
li,dasabuTeba/dasabuTebuli
sth ~ futile raRac aRmoCnda amao
provenance n aRmoCenis adgili,wyaro,
warmomavloba
~study wyaroTmcodneoba
proverb n andaza
provide v warmoCena,cnobis mopoveba,(Se)
 სარჩევი
qmna,azris gamoTqma,warmoeba,uzru-
velyofa ramiT,SemuSaveba,miwode-
ba(masalis/cnobis),gamovlena,gamo-
muSaveba,momarageba
~ at/in v cnobis mopoveba
~ by sth momarageba ramiT
~link gviCvenebs/qmnis kavSirs
~ sth gamovlena ramis
~ with v miwodeba,momarageba,aRWurva
ramiT
~ ~ an opportunity= ~ a possibility Sesa
Zleblobis micema
provided adj aRWurvili masaliT/SesaZ-
leblobiT,gamomuSavebuli,gamov-
lenili,SemuSavebuli,uzrunvel-
yofili ramiT
Providence n bediswera,gangeba
providence n daculoba,RvTis neba, gamo-
cxadeba
providing adj momcemi,xelSemwyobi
province n qveynis kuTxe/mxare;provincia
provincial adj provinciuli
proving adj damadasturebeli,damamrkice-
beli
provision n adj sagzali,sakvebis maragi
provisional adj droebiTi
provocation n provokacia
provocative adj provokaciuli
provoke v biZgis micema,ramis gamowveva,
gaRizianeba
provoker n wamqezebeli,provokatori
provoking adj gamaRizianebeli,gamomwvevi
prow n gemis/navis cxviri
prowes n gabeduleba,ostatoba,srulyo-
fileba,xelovaneba,mamacoba,vaJkacoba
proweness n siqvele
proximate adj uSualo,uaxloesi
proximity n siaxlove=mezobloba,sisxl-
iT naTesaoba
close/in ~ siaxlove,Zalian axlos,
gverdiT,mezoblad
~dictated siaxlovem ukarnaxa
within ~ TvalsawierSi
proximal surface qvis blagvi bolo xelis
Casavlebad
proxy adj zusti,saTanado,Sesabamisi
prudent adj gonivruli
Psalter n fsalmun(n)i=wigni
psalm n fsalmuni(romelime)
~ reader mefsalmune beri
pseudo… pref. yalbi,cru,fsevdo
pseudonym n fsevdonimi
197
pseudospiral n adj cru wnuli/xvia
pubic region boqvenis midamo
public n adj sazogadoeba,sazogado(ebri-
vi),saxalxo,saero,sajaro
~domain sajaro mflobeloba
~character sazogadoebrivi xasiaTi
~ figure/man sazogado moRvawe
~ prayer paraklisi
~precinct saz.sargeblobis sivrce qal-
laqis SemogarenSi
~ service sajaro/saxelmwifo samsaxu-
ri
wider ~ farTo sazogadoeba
publication n adj naSromi,gamocema,sagamo-
cemo
series of publications gamocemaTa seria
publicise=publicize v gacnoba,gaxmianeba,
gamoqveyneba,gaxmaureba,gamocxa-
deba,Setyobineba
publicly adv saxalxo(d),sajaro(d)
publish(ed) v adj gamoqveyneba/gamoqveyne-
buli,gamocema/gamocemuli
publisher n avtori,gamomcemeli
publishing adj ger sagamomcemlo,gamoqvey-
neba=gamocema
~ house n gamomcemloba
puddle n gube
puddling out of the edge kideebs gadacile-
buli
~ ~ to ~ ~ ~ mibjenili
puffs n pl naoWebi (ornamenti)
pug(ed) v adj (mo)zelva; mozelili,aze-
lili
pull v gaTreva,gaweva,gamoweva,moqaCva,ur-
mis wayvana
~ down v dangreva
~out v amogleja,gamoweva
pulpit n ambioni=safsalmune
pulse n v majiscema,Zala,impulsi
strong/weak ~ Zlieri/susti ~
pulse(s) n pl parkosnebi
pulverized adj mtvrad/nacartutad qce-
uli
pulvinus/pulvini n sing/pl Lat. qvis/miwis
mrgvali formis SemaRleba=sa-
Zirkveli
pumice stone n adj pemza/pemzis
pump v n tumbva, tumbo
~ out v amotumbva
pun n kalamburi
punch n v damRa,xis CaquCi; datvifvra
punctuate adj wertilovani
 სარჩევი
~ornament(ation) ~ ornamenti
punctual(ity) adj n punqtualuri/punqtual
oba=sizuste
punish v ganpatiJeba, dasja
punishment n sasjeli
~ from God RvTis sasjeli
punitive adj damsjeli,sadamsjelo
pupil n mowafe,moswavle
puppet n Tojina,marioneti
purchace(d)(r) v adj n (Ses)yidva, SeZena ;
nayidi,SeZenili,myidveli
purposive adj gamiznuli
pure adj wminda,naTeli,xalasi,uminarevo,
umwikvlo,sruli,sufTa,TviTnabadi
by ~ chance sruliad SemTxveviT
purely adv mxolo,,srulad,wmindad
purest(see Holy) adj uwmindesi
Purgatory n gansawmendeli,salxinebeli
purge v ganwmenda (bibl)
purging adj ger ganmwmendi,ganwmenda
purification n gawmeda,dawmenda
purified adj gawmendili,dawmendili
purify(ing) v adj gawmenda,gamwmendi,dawmen
da/dawmendili
purity n siwminde,sisufTave
purple(see colour,mantle) adj mewamuli
purlin n zeli,zewari(xuroTmoZRvruli)
purplish-red adj iisfer-wiTeli
purpose n daniSnuleba,daniSnulebis,mi-
zani
~built sagangebod aSenebuli raRacis-
Tvis
for the ~ of… mizniT…
of ~ daniSnulebiT
~ of dating daTariRebis mizani/mizniT
on ~ gangeb,sagangebod
~shift(ed) daniSnulebis Secvla
purposeful adj gamiznuli,mizanmimarTuli
sagangebo
purposely adv gamiznulad,gangeb,sagange-
bod
purslane n adj Portulaca oleracea Lat. dan-
duri(s) (mc)
pursue v n devna,gamodevneba,Zebna,gagrZe
leba,miaRwio rames,saqmianoba
resolutely ~ mtkiced/uryevad ganagrZo
keTeba ramis
persued adj misaRwevi,miRweuli
hardly ~ Zlivs misaRwevi/miRweuli
pursuit v devna,Zebna,swrafva,saqmianoba,
Sesruleba
push n v biZgi,xelis kvra
198
~aside v gverdze gaweva
~back v ukan daweva,TariRis daZveleba
~ down v dangreva,Camongreva
~forward v win waweva,TariRis gaaxal-
gazrdaveba
put v adj dadeba,dadgma,Cadeba; dadebu-
li,dadgmuli,Cadgmuli
~ a coping stone saqmis dagvirgvineba
~ a stop to sth SeCereba ramis
~ a stamp beWdis dasma
~ an end to sth ramis dasruleba
~ an idea into effect raime azris gatareba
~ aside v gverdze gadadeba(gadadgma,ga-
daweva)
~curse on sb dawyevla vinmesi
~effort into sth wvlilis Setana,mcdeloba
~ forward sakiTxis wamoyeneba,azris
gamoTqma
~ in v Cadgma,Cadeba,Casma
~ in tomb samarxSi Cataneba
~ into operation amoqmedeba
~ off v gadadeba saqmis gviani drois-
Tvis/SemdegisaTvis
~ on v Cacma tanze,Tavze daxurva,ta-
ris dageba/wamocma,Camocma
~ pressure v gavlena,dawola,zewola
~sb/sth in N cent/mill. daaTariRo,miakuT-
vno...
~sth on asound footing daayeno raRac sa
qme mtkice safuZvelze
~ the evil eye on/upon v gaTvalva/monusx
va
~to use raRacis gamoyenebis dawyeba
~ upon v dasma/wamocma ramisa rameze
puttied adj dagozili,Seglesili
putty n v sagozavi masa,erTmaneTze miwy-
obili(mag.qereWi),tolaRi,dagozva
puzzle n (g)amocana,Tavsatexi
puzzling adj gamaognebeli,damabneveli
pylon n piloni
Pyracantha n adj Lat. narinjisferi/wiTe-
li CitivaSla (mc)
pyramid n adj piramida.piramiduli
pyre v micvalebulis dawva dakrZal-
vis win
pyrometallurgy n pirometalurgia
pyrotechnology n piroteqnologia
pyrope n adj piropi(s)
pyxis/pyxides n sing/pl Lat. piqsida
Q
quack n eqimbaSi
quadrangle n adj oTxkuTxedi(sxeuli),
 სარჩევი

oTxkuTxa ~ divine kvazi/cru RvTaeba

quadrate n kvadrati(sxeuli) quay n sanapiro
quadratic adj kvadratuli queen n dedofali
quadratum incusum CaWdeuli kvadrati quench-hardening ger foladis wrToba
quadri… pref. oTx... wyalSi
quadrifoil adj oTxfurcliani quern n xelis wisqvili=marcvlis sas-
quadriga/quadrigae n sing/pl Lat. oTxcxena resi=qvis xelsafqvavi
etli saddle ~ unagirisebri ~
quadrigarius n kvadrigariusi quest for v Zebna,Zieba
quadrilateral adj oTxmxrivi question n v kiTxva/sakiTxi; gamikiTxva,
quadrum/quadro n sing/pl Lat. kvadri dakiTxva
quadruped(s) oTxfexi novel approach to the ~ sakiTxisadmi ax-
quadruple adj oTxmagi leburi midgoma
~spiral bead ~ xvia mZivi on the ~ (am/im) sakiTxze
~ ~ plaque ~ firfita perplexing ~ damabneveli/CixSi momqcevi
quagmire n Waobi=gamouvali mdgomare- kiTxva
oba pose a ~ kiTxvis dasma
quake(see tremor) n miwisZvra the ~ is that… saqme imaSi/isaa rom…
qualification n gamocdileba=kvalifikacia the ~ is rather how… saqme ufro isaa
=cenzi Tu rogor…
qualified adj gamocdili,daxelovnebuli the ~ of when… sakiTxi isaa,Tu rodis.
qualify v daxelovneba the ~ of great debate sakamaTo sakiTxi
qualitative(ly) adj adv tvisobrivi/Tvisob- questionable adj saTuo,saeWvo
rivad,xarisxobrivi/xarisxobrivad questionably adv saTuod,saeWvod
qualities n pl Rirsebebi questionary n kiTxvari
quality n Tviseba,xarisxi questioning ger gamokiTxva
qualm v eWvi,yoymani,sindisis qenjna ~mind moazrovne goneba
quantities of… didi raodenobiT.., bevri questor n kvestori
large ~ ~ uamravi quick(en) adj v swrafi,sxarti ;
quant adj brZnuli,daxvewili,original- daCqareba
ri,CaxlarTuli quickened adj daCqarebuli
quantity n raodenoba,simravle quickening ger daCqareba
enormous ~ uTvalavi quickly adv maSinve,swrafad
excessive ~ mzardi raodenoba quiet(ly) adj adv mSvidi,mSvidad
in ~ … …raodenobiT quinarius/quinarii n sing/pl Lat. kvinariusi
vast ~ didi raodenoba quit v Tanamdebobidan gadadgoma
quantitative(ly) adj adv raodenobrivi/ra- quite n adv dabali mTa; sakmaod
odenobrivad quit rent Rala=fuladi begara
quarry n v qvia axo; qvis kodva/mopoveba, quiver n v kaparWi,kankali,Relva,SiSiT
karieri frTebis qneva,cocxali,moxerxebuli
~ stone masonry yoruli wyoba quoin(ing) n kamaris soli,soli,saTav-
~ stone WyorduRabi sos/kuTxis qva,oTaxis Sida kuTxe
~ stone wall(ing) yorekedliani quoit n liTonis rgoli
Quartenary n meoTxeuli periodi quote(ation)(s) v n amonaridis moyvana,fa-
quarter n meoTxedi,sacxovrebeli kvar- sis dadgena=Sefaseba,amonaridi,
tali,nawili,nakveTi brWyalebi/winwklebi teqstSi
living/residential ~ sacxovrebeli kvar-
tali
R
rabbet n sagnis warbi,naribandi=nari-
~ round recto foTlis meoTxedi(orna- mandi
menti)
race n doRi, marula
quartzite n adj kvarciti(s)
~ chariot n sarbolo etli
quasi… adj cru…
racer n bedauri,doRis cxeni

199
 სარჩევი
racking adj damreci
racksack n zurgCanTa
racloir n saxoki,xvewi
raddle=ruddle v mowernaqeba
radial adj radialuri,sxivisa/sxivana
in a ~ fashion sxivebad,radialurad
~settlement radialuri dasaxleba
radially adv sxivurad,radialurad
radiant n adj naTel-mironi;naTeli,sxiv-
mosili
radiate v sxivebad ganfena/gaSla,gavr-
coba,gamosxiveba
radiated adj sxivebad gaSlili,gavrcele-
buli
radiating adj sxivana
radiation n gamosxiveba,sxivTa kona
radical adj gadamWreli,sawyisi,fesvi,Ziri-
Tadi principi,radikaluri
radioactive adj radioaqtiuri
rafined adj daxvewili
raft n tivi
rafter n nivniva,saxuravis CarCo,liTonis
liTonis mdnobeli(adamiani)
common/valley ~ nivnivas fexi
hip ~ kuTxis nivniva
main/principal ~ mTavari/ZiriTadi ~
rag(see carpet) n iatakis safeni,tilo,
fardagi
rage n v mrisxaneba,risxva,ganrisxeba
rags n pl ZonZebi
railings(see pillars) n Robe(xis)
rails for rolling in/out nalo(ebi)
rain n v wvima
~bearing sawvimari mag.Rrubeli
~ bow n cisartyela
~ coat n sawvimari
~ fall n wvima
annual ~ ~ naleqis wliuri raodenob
~ ment n samosi
rainy adj wvimiani
~conditions naleqiani/wvimiani
raise v wamodgoma,wamoweva,fexze dayene-
ba,aweva=mateba,aRmarTva,amaRleba,
aRzrda,sakiTxis wamoWra,gazrda
~ lifestock mesaqonleoba,saqonlis mov-
la
~ the hope v daimedeba
~ the road v gzis gayvana
raised adj (ze)aweuli/apyrobili,amaRle-
buli,SemaRlebuli
~ place SemaRleba=SemaRlebuli adgi-
li
200
~ plan(see elevation) xedi
~ work n reliefuri namuSevari
raisins n pl adj qiSmiSi(s)
rake n v focxi, moficxva
~ out v amoxapva
ram(see battering) n v verZi,erkemali,ked-
lis sangrevi=onagari; daWirxna,dat
kepna,Sengreva,mtvreva
rambling adj uwesrigo,gabneuli
~building uwesrigo mSenebloba
~wattle xviara mcenare
rammed adj daWirxnuli,datkepnili,ona-
gariT Sengreuli
~earth wall natkepni miWis kedeli
rammer n satkepni mowyobiloba
ramp n daxrili Casasvleli,zedapiri,
pandusi
rampant adj ukana fexebze mdgomi cxove-
li
rampart n bastioni.damcavi zvinuli/kede
li,miwayrili,saimagro yrili,
gerbze gamosaxuli ukana frxebze
mdgomi cxoveli
~ walk cixis galavanze sasiarulo bi-
liki/gza
ramshackle adj ususuri,arasaimedo,naxev-
radmoSlili
random adj SemTxveviTi,uazro,uwesrigo
randomly adv uwesrigod,varaudiT,sava-
raudod
rang from…to… (see vary) v meryeoba
~ of sth mravalferovneba Temebis/sag-
nebis
range n nagebobis mala,mnisvneloba,siv-
rce,teritoria,mTagrexili=qedi
a ~ of other… rigi sxva…
belt of ranges rigebis/xazebis sartyeli
in ~ … mniSvnelobiT
~of colors ferTa gama
~ of sth saxeoba(ni),rigi,xazi
wider ~ of sth (gacilebiT)mravalfero-
vani
ranging from…to… swvdeba …...dan…...mde
rank n wodeba,rigi
high/low ~ maRali/dabali wodebis mqo-
ne
in a ranked order rigis/wodebis mixed-
viT
ransack(ed) adj (ga)Zarcva/Zarculi
ransom n v gamosasyidi,gamosyidva
rant(ing) against v qadageba ramis winaaR-
mdeg
 სარჩევი
rapacious adj gaumaZRari,xarbi
rapid adj swrafi,cicabo
~ descent cicabo Camosasvleli
~ glance at… Tvalis gadavleba/Sev-
leba
~ spread swrafi gavrceleba
rapidly adv male,swrafad,uceb
rapids n pl Woromi
rapier n rapira
raptor n mtacebeli cxoveli
rare(ly) adj adv iSviaTi,iSviaTad
rarity n iSviaToba,simcire
raspberry n adj Jolo(si), Rubus ida eus
Lat.
rate n gacvlis kursi,xarisxi
rather adv gvarianad,ramdenadme,sakmaod,
(ixmareba ufro uaryofiTi mniSvne-
lobiT),ufro(metic),uaresi(c)
~ of… ufro…
~ than… (ufro) vidre…
ratio(s) n Sefardeba,Sesabamisoba,propor
cia,koeficienti
age/sex ~ asakobrivi/sqesobrivi ~
~is about… Sefardeba daaxloebiT...
rational adj gonivruli,moazrovne,moxer-
xebuli,Sesaferisi,saTanado
rattle n zaraki,JRaruna
rattling adj moJRarune,JRaruna
~ attachmrnt(s) JRarunebi(mosarTavi/sam
kauli)
ravage v ganadgureba,Zarcva,gaudabureba
qveynis dacla,gafuWeba,ngreva,
miwasTan gasworeba
ravine n kldekari,flate,xrami
sheer ~ cicabo xrami
raw adj gauwafavi,daumusavebeli,nedli,
umi
~ material/stock nedleuli
rawhide(see hide) n adj tyavi(s)
ray n sxivi
raze to the ground(see demilish) miwasTan
gasworeba
razor n raime danisebri sagani,samarTe-
beli
re- pref. xelaxla ramis gakeTeba
reach v miRweva ramis/sadme
~ a decision gadawyvetilebis miRwea
~ a zenith zenitis miRweva
~ sb vinmesTvis TxovniT mimarTva
reaches n pl misadgomebi mag. cixis
react v gamoxmaureba,sapasuxo moqmedeba
=pasuxi,Sexmianeba
201
~ negatively uaryofiTi pasuxi
~ positively dadebiTi pasuxi=mzadyof-
na
~ to sth damokidebuleba ramisadmi
reaction n gamoxmaureba=reaqcia
read v (amo)(wa)kiTxva
inscription is ~ as followes warwera iki-
iTxeba…
reader n diakvani,mkiTxveli,sakiTxavi
wigni,universitetis profesori(?)
readable adj teqsti/naweri,romlis waki-
Txva/amokiTxva SeiZleba
readersheep n docenti,mkiTxvelTa wre
reading ger kiTxva
~ and writing wera-kiTxva
readily adv advilad,mzadyofna(Si),advi-
lad,ubralod,swrafad
~ available xelmisawvdomi
14
readings n pl monacemebi mag. C -is
ready adj adv mza=gamzadebuli; mzad
~ to do sth SemarTuli saqmisaTvis
~ to take field salaSqrod/saomrad mzad
reaffirm(ation) v n xelaxla dadastureba
real adj namdvili,realuri
~ cause ~ ~ mizezi
~ individual ~ ~ pirovneba
~ life cxovreba,sinamdvile=realoba
realgar n adj realgari(s) (minerali)
realistic adj cxovrebiseuli,realuri
~ member namdvili wevri
realities n pl sinamdvile
historical ~ istoriuli ~
reality n sinamdvile,realuroba
in ~ sinamdvileSi
realizable adj raime,risi ganxorcielebac
SeiZleba
realization n ganxorcieleba=realizacia
realize(d) v adj mixvedra,ganxorcieleba,
gaTvaliswineba,gaazreba,Sesmena,gage
ba,gasigrZeganeba; ganxorcielebuli
re-allotment n xelaxla gadanawileba
really adv namdvilad,pirdapir
~ indeed marTlac rom…
~ seen aSkarad Cans/ikiTxeba
realm n samefo,samflobelo,asparezi,
moRvaweobis sfero,saxelmwifo
reamer n maRaros/Saxtis Sesasvlelis
gasafarToebeli xelsawyo
reap v (mo)mka
~ the benefit of sth Sedegis/sargeblis
miReba/momka
reaped adj namkali,nawverali
 სარჩევი

reaping ger (mo)mka rebel against v ajanyeba vinmes winaarmdeg

~ hook n namgali rebelion n Sida opozicia,ajanyeba xeli-
reappear=re-appear(ance) v n xelaxla suflebis winaaRmdeg
gamoCena backbench ~ SidasamTavrobo winaaRm-
~ repeatedly kvlav da kvlav/xelaxla degoba
gamoCena re-birth n xelaxla dabadeba
reapprise v RirebulebaTa gadafaseba,Ri- re-build v ~ ageba/aSeneba
sagnis Rirebulebis Secvla re-bury v ~ meoradi dakrZalva
rear v adj aRzrda,taZris/Zeglis aRmar- recalcitrant adj daumorCilebeli,dauyoli
Tva;ramis ukana nawili/mxare, ebeli,jiuti
saqonlis=naxiris gamravleba recall v gaxseneba,ukan gaTxova/gawveva,mo
~ front zurgi (frontis) goneba ramis,mogvagonebs...
hang on the ~ fexdafex devna vinmesi recalls v 3rd p.simp.pr. mogvagonebs…
leave sth in the ~ raRacis ukan=mofare- strikingly ~ aSkarad ~
bulad datoveba re-cast v xelaxla Camosxma raime nivTis
~ legs ukana fexebi /naSromis gadamuSaveba
~ surface ~ mxare=zurgimxare recede v ukuqceva,warTmeulis dabrune-
take in the ~ zurgidan Seteva ba,(da)kleba,sakuTari azris uaryo
~ the stock saqonlis/naxiris gamravle fa,ramis/ramisgan Camocileba,dacx
ba roma,daTmoba,uaris Tqma,ukan daxe
to the ~ ukan va,damcroba
rearrange(d)(ment) v adj n xelaxla mowy receding adj damreci,Signi Seweuli,mima-
oba/mowyobili,gadakeTeba/gadake vali,daSoreba raRacisgan
Tebuli receive v moReba
reason n v sababi,mizezi; fiqri,mofiqre- ~ attention yuradRebis mipyroba/miqceva
ba,kamaTi,ganxilva,dayolieba vin- ~ communion ziarebis miReba
mesi,dasabuTeba,argumentireba,go- receipt n recepti,qviTari
niereba,azrovneba,gaazreba ramis recent adj axali,Tanamedrove,ukanaskne-
~ for mizezi ramisa li=uaxlesi,axlandeli
~ for living cxovrebis mizani ~ rock axalgazrda qani
for the ~` (gamo)isobiT ~ times bolo xans
for the ~ beyond sb’s control vinmesgan ~ years ~ wlebSi
damoukidebel garemoebaTa/ recently adv axlaxans,bolo dros/xans,
mizezTa gamo axlad…
for this/that ~ amis/imis gamo/mizeziT most ~ ager axla,axlaxans
~ to sababi ramis until ~ aqamde,dRemde
reasonable adj angariSgasawevi,gonieri/ recension n teqstis sxvagvari wakiTxva,
gonivruli,sayuradRebo,safuZv- recenzia
liani,zomieri,dasabuTebuli receptacle n saTavsi,sacavi,mimRebi nage-
sth seems ~ gonivruli Cans raRac boba,TavSesafari
~ way out gonivruli gamosavali reception n sazeimo/oficialuri miReba;
reasonably adv gvarianad,sakmaod,(keTil) sastumroSi- misaRebi=registracia,
gonivrulad stumarTa miReba=maspinZloba
~identified gansazRvruli,dadgenili recess n v walo; amoRarva
reassemble v xelaxla Sekreba/Sexvedra recessed adj amoRaruli,ukan gadaweuli
reassert v sakiTxis xelaxla wamoWra, ~ band ~ rkali/sartyeli
vinmes/ramis xelaxla damk- recipient n mimRebi
vidreba/wardgena sadme reciprocal adj urTierT...
~ sth as… amtkico rame rogorc… reciprocity n ormxrivoba,urTierTqmede-
reassess(ment) v n xelaxali Sefaseba ba/gageba…
reassign v xelaxla damorCileba vinmesi recite v leqsis wakiTxva=zepirad Tqma
xelaxla gadanawileba ramis reckon v angariSi(gonebiT),ganxilva,Ca-
rebel n ajanyebuli (vinme)

202
 სარჩევი
Tvla,fiqri,miCneva,vinmes/ramis im
edis qona,gaTvaliswineba,wlebis
gamoTvla
reclassify v xelaxali klasifikacia
reclined adj naxevradmwolare
reclining adj mwolare,wamowolili
recluse n adj gandegili
life of ~ gandegiloba
recognition n cnoba vinmesi/ramisa,aRi-
areba
modern ~ of sth raRacis axleburi ga-
geba/gaazreba
recognizable adj is,risi cnobac SeiZleba
recognize v aRiareba,cnoba,miReba
recognized adj amocnobili,nacnobi,aRi-
arebuli,mirebuli
is ~ as… aRiarebulia/cnobilia ro-
gorc…
recollect v mogoneba=mogvagonebs
recollection(s) n pl mogoneba(ni)
ecommend(ation) v n rCeva,rekomendacia
recompence v n migeba(misageblisa),sasyi
deli,fasi/anazRaureba
recomprehension n xelaxla gaazreba ra-
misa
reconcile v morgeba/SesabamisobaSi moyva-
na ramisa ramesTan,wawymendili ek-
lesiis ganwmenda/kurTxeva
reconquer(or) v xelaxla dapyroba/damyr-
robeli
reconsider(ation)(ed) v n adj gadasinjva/
gadasinjuli,xelaxla gaazreba/
gaazrebuli
reconstitute(ion) v n viTarebis aRdegena
imisgan,rac darCenilia
reconstruct(ed)(ion) v adj n aRdgena/aRdge-
nili,aRorZineba/aRorZinebuli,
xelaxla ageba/agebuli,rekons-
truqcia
record n v cnoba=Canaweri,istoriuli
cnoba,oqmi,sjulis ficari; aRri-
cxva/aRnusxva,Cawera;Zeglis azom-
va/aRwera;sabuTi,dasturi/dadastu
reba imisa, rom raRac arsebobs
recorded adj aRricxuli,Cawerili,aRnus
xuli,azomili/aRwerili Zegli,
werilobiTi
~history werilobiTi wyaroebiT dada-
turebuli istoria=damwerlo-
bis gaCenidan da Semdgom
sth is ~ from… raRac dadasturebulia
sabuTiT/CanaweriT
recording ger aRricxva/aRnusxva,Cawera,
203
Zeglis arwera/aRnusxva
records n pl werilobiTi Zegli
recount v mboba,CamoTvla,Txroba,azris/
saTqmelis dawvrilebiT Camoyali-
beba
recover v avadmyofis gamomjobineba,aRmo
Cena,warTmeulis dabruneba,gamomze-
ureba
~from tomb samarSi aRmoCnda/vnaxeT
re-cover(ed) v adj aRmoCena.aRmoCenili
~ from the burial samarxSi aRmoCnda…
recruit(ment) v n jarSi gawveva,jaSuSad
gadabireba; wvevamdeli,axalwveuli
rectangle n marTkuTxedi,sworkuTxedi
rectangular adj marTkuTxa,sworkuTxa
~in plan gegmaSi ~ ~
rectify v Sesworeba,gasworeba,dazusteba,
gaumjobeseba,mowesrigeba,gawme-
da,Secdomis gamosworeba,moxri
lis gasworeba
rectilinear adj sworxazovani,Sveuli
recto n wina mxare, wignis wina marjvena
furceli
recture from v ukan gawveva
recumbent adj dawolili proporciebi,
mwolare cxoveli
recurre(nt) adj uku; uku=is,rac kvlav
gamoiyeneba,ganmeorebadi,drodadro
gameoreba ramis,xelaxali,periodu-
loba
~deposit(ion) xelaxali danaleqi
recurring adj axlandeli,mimdinare
recut v adj adre gamoTlili nivTidan
axlis gamoTla
recycle v xelaxla gadamuSaveba ramis
da isev gamoyeneba
redaction n teqstis redaqcia
re-date(ed)(ing) v adj ger gadaTariReba/
gadaTariRebuli
rediscover(ed) v adj xelaxla aRmoCena/aR
moCenili
redefine v ramis xelaxla gansazRvra
redisigne(d) v adj gadakeTeba/gadakeTebu-
li
re-disribute(ion) v n xelaxla ganawileba
re-divide/division v n ~ gayofa/ganawi-
leba
redecorate(d)(ion) v adj n xelaxla Sem-
koba/Semkuli
redness n siwiTle
redolent adj damaTrobeli surneli,keT-
ilsurneleba
sth ~ of sth raRac mogvagonebs/gavs...
 სარჩევი
redouble(d) v adj xelaxla gaormageba
redress v aRdgena,gamosworeba
~situation viTarebis gamosworeba
reduce(d)(ion) v adj n (da)kleba=daweva/
daklebuli,daweuli,damcroba/
damcrobili,dacema/dacemuli,Sem-
cireba/Semcirebuli,interesis ga-
neleba,Sesusteba/Sesustebuli
~ in height dadablebuli
~ in length damoklebuli
~ in size zomaSi Semcirebuli
~level donis daweva/dabal doneze,nela
~ the impact gavlenis Semcireba
~sth to sth raRacis dayvana raRacamde
reduction n damcroba,kleba.Semcireba
reed n adj dgimi,lerwami/lerwmis,laqa-
Si(s),isli(s)
~and wattle wall lerwmis da tyruSuli
kedeli
~covered isliT daxuruli
~lined adoby n facxa,jargvali
reeding n laqaSisebri ornamenti
reef n adj rifi(s)
reel n koWa(Zafis)
~ shaped adj koWisebri/koWismagvari
re-elect(ion) v n xelaxla arCeva
re-emerge/emergence v n xelaxali gamo-
Cena
re-enter v ~ Sesvla
re-establish(ed)(ing)(ment) v adj ger n xe-
laxla aRdgena/aRdgenili(mo-
wyoba/mowyobili,damkvidreba/
damkvidrebuli)
re-examine(d)(ation) v adj n xelaxla Ses-
wavla/Seswavlili
re-excavate(d)(ion) v adj n xelaxla gaTx-
ra/gaTxrili
re-fashion(ed) v adj gadakeTeba/gadakeTe-
buli
refectory(see triclinia) n satrpezo eklesi-
aSi
refer to v daeyrdno sxva naSroms,gamo-
iyeno(daimowmo/moiSvelio) lite-
ratura(exeba raRacas),igive iTq-
mis(raRacaze),ekuTvnis,miiCneva
~ example moixmo magaliTi
reference n adj v teqstSi CarTuli Seni-
Svna,miTiTeba/SeniSvna gverdis bo-
los; cnoba(ri),sacnobaro;naSro-
mis aRWurva samecniero aparaTiT,
daxasiaTeba-rekomendacia,Sefaseba,
gamoxmaureba,damowmeba/miTiTeba
(naSromis),SeniSvna
204
~ book n cnobari
cross ~ naSromTa jvaredini damowme-
ba/miTiTeba
make a ~ to…SeniSvnis gakeTeba raime
naSromze
~ the Bible bibliis simfonia
with ~ to sth im TvalsazrisiT/imis
gaTvaliswinebiT,rom..,dayrdno
biT(cnobaze/literaturaze)
without ~ to sth naSromebis/wyaroebis
gamoyenebis/xsenebis gareSe
refer(ed) to… adj v Sesabamisi
~ as ixsenieba rogorc…
paper is ~ to naSromi exeba…
~ to as… gansazRvruli,rogorc…
referent adj uqoneli,arasmqone,daclili
referring to N naSromze dayrdnobiT…
refers to v 3rd p. pr.simp. naSromi exeba…
refine(d)(ment) v adj n azris/Canafiqris
daxvewa/Camoyalibeba,daxvewiloba,
gaumjobeseba,gakeTilSobileba
refined adj daxvewili,koxta,ketilSobi-
li,dawmendili
~down into sth raRac dayvanili raRaca
mde
refining ger madnis gamodnoba
refit v SekeTeba,jaris axali aRWurvilo-
biT SeiaraReba
reflect(ed) v adj asaxva/asaxuli,arekvla/
areklili sarkeSi,warmodgena
amply ~ fartod asaxva
reflecting/reflective adj amsaxveli,amrekla-
vi
reflection n asaxva,anarekli,sarkismieri
gamosaxuleba
reflective adj amsaxveli
reflex adj Semavali
reflux n zRvis ukuqceva
reform n v gadakeTeba,reforma
carry out a ~ reformis gatareba
refound(ation) v n xelaxla daarseba
refractory adj gamZle,medegi,daumorCile-
beli
refrain v Tavis Sekaveba
refuge n TavSesafari
seek for ~ v TavSesafris Zebna
refugee n devnili,ltolvili
refurbish v liTonis gakrialeba,Jangis
moSoreba,ramis gaaxleba
refusal n uari
refuse n v uari,nagavi; uaris Tqma,uar-
yofa
 სარჩევი
~ dump/pit sameurneo/narCenebis ormo
~ to acknowledge gamijvna ramisgan,ra-
mis auRiarebloba/miuRebloba
refute v raime azris uaryofa/ususurob-
is damtkiceba
regain(ed) v adj gacocxleba,ganaxleba,
aRorZineba/aRorZinebuli,xelaxla
mopoveba,ramis ukan dabruneba; aR-
mdgari
regal adj mefuri,saxaso,xelmwifebrivi
~ manifestation samefo didebuleba
~ power ~ Zalaufleba
regale n nadimi
regale/regalia n Lat. regalia
regard v dafaseba,pativiscema,miCneva,fiq-
ri
with ~ to sb/sth vinmesTan/ramesTan dakav
SirebiT/mimarTebaSi
regarded adj miCneuli(a)
regarding sth mimarTebaSi raRacasTan
regardless of… miuxedavad raRacisa…
regenerate(d)(ion) v adj n aRdgena/aRdgeni
li,aRdgineba
regent n faqtiuri mmarTveli=regenti
regim(ent) n mmarTveloba,mmarTvelobis
sistema,reJimi,polki
region n qveynis romelime kuTxe/mxare
(mag.qarTli), (moqmedebis) zona
cus ~ qveynis Soreuli kuTxe
regional adj kuTxuri,kuTxisa,samxareo
~ make up administraciuli/samxareo
dayofa
register n v adj aRnusxva,aRricxva ; sa-
aRricxvo
~ book saaRricxvo wigni
regnal adj mefisa,mefoba
~ day/year taxtze asvlis dRe/weli
~year
regret n v sinanuli=wuxili
regrettably adv samwuxarod
regular adj gegma/kanon(zomieri),mowesri-
gebuli,mudmivi,sistemuri,Camoyali-
bebuli,Cveuli,Cveulebrivi,wesieri
assume ~ character Camoyalibebuli sa-
xis/xasiaTis miReba
~ hexahedron kubi (sxeuli)
~ layout/plan swori/xazovani gegmareba
regularity n kanonzomiereba,mudmivoba,
wesrigi
regularly adv mowesrigebulad,mudmivad,
wesierad
~spaced erTmaneTisgan Tanabar manZil
ze daSorebuli/danawevrebuli
205
wevrebuli/dayo
regulate(ion) v n marTva,mowesrigeba
rehabilitate(d)(ion) v adj n uflebis/ufle-
bebSi aRdgena/aRdgenili,reabi-
litacia
reign n v xelmwifeba/xelmwifoba,mefo-
ba=taxtze yofna/jdoma,mefobis xa
na; gamefeba,mefoba,batoniba
during the ~ mefobisas,mefobis ganmav-
lobaSi/dros
reigning adj moqmedi mefe
~beauty pirveli mzeTunaxavi
reincarnate(d)(ion) v adj n xelaxla gar-
dasaxva/gardasaxuli
reinforce(ment) v n gamagreba,gamZlavraba,
iZuleba,ganmtkiceba,gazliereba,
armireba,damagreba,ganbjena/gan-
mbjeni
~ an idea azris gamyareba/ganmtkiceba
sth ~ to view that… gvaiZulebs viva-
raudoT, rom…
reinforced adj gaZlierebuli,gamagrebu-
iZulebuli vinme
~by sth raRaciT Semtkicebuli/gamag-
rebuli
reinforcing adj gamamagrebeli,maiZulebe-
li
reinstall(ment) v n xelaxla dadgma,daye-
neba, gadatana
reintegrate(ion) v n saqmeSi Cartva,integ-
racia
reinterpret(ation) v n xelaxla gaazreba/
axsna,interpretacia
reintroduce v xelaxla SemoReba/gacnoba
ramis
re-invent(ion) v n ~ Seqmna/gamogoneba,
xelaxla daarseba
reiterate v erTi da igive ramis Tqma/ga-
keTeba ramdenjerme
reject(ed) n v adj gadanayri=wuni; dawune
ba,uaryofa=ar miReba; gadanayari,
uaryofili,miuRebeli,dawunebuli
rejection(s) n uari,miuRebloba,wuni
rejoin v raime nawilebis erTmaneTze mo
rgeba/miyeneba,mikedleba/mimxroba
vinmeze,Camocma ramisa rameze
rejoinder n pasuxi
relate v dakavSireba
related adj dakavSirebuli,monaTesave
relating adj makavSirebeli,monaTesave
relation n kavSiri,naTesaoba,urTierToba
in ~ to sth kavSirSi raRacasTan
relations n pl naTesaoba,urTierTobani
 სარჩევი
establish ~ urTierTobaTa mowesrigeba
maintain ~ with urTierTobis qona
~ on human level saxalxo diplomatia
relationship n naTesaoba,kavSiri
~among/between urTierTdamokidebu-
leba
bear (no) ~ to sth saerTo (ar) aqvs ra-
RacasTan,arafriT ukavSiredeba
descent ~ gvariT naTesaoba
kin ~ naTesauri
~ of god parents to god parents naTelmi-
ronoba
relative n adj naTesavi; monaTesave,Sedare
bTi,Sesabamisi,SefardebiTi
~in harmony SedarebiT harmoniaSi
relatively adv pirobiTad,SedarebiT,Sesa-
bamisad
relatives n pl naTesaoba=sayoli
relativity n albaToba,SedarebiToba,Sesa-
bamisoba
relaxed adj modunebuli,Tavisufali,ga-
Tavisuflebuli
re-lay v gadawyoba(mag. kedlis daSla da
ageba),Secvla
~ command brZanebis gacema
~ horses cxenebis Secvla gzaSi
release v (cixidan) gaTavisufleba/gamo-
Sveba,gaSveba,jaridan daTxovna,
axali wignis/saqonlis gamoSveba,
gamodnoba,gamoyofa,Semotana kul
turaSi,warmoebis dawyeba
releave v gaTavisufleba
~ of load tvirTisgan ~
relentless adj Seubralebeli,daundobeli
relevance=relevancy n drouloba,marTebu
buloba,Sesabamisoba
relevant(ly) adj adv vargisi,saTanado,Sesa-
bamisi/Sesabamisad,drouli/drou-
lad,marTebuli/marTebulad,san-
do,wonadi,Rirebuli
reliable adj saimedo,sando,sarwmuno,aSka-
ra,gonivruli
~ hallmark for… sakmarisi piroba raRa-
cisTvis
reliability n gamZleoba droSi,saimedooba,
sinamdvile,sandooba
reliance n ndoba
feel/have ~ in ndobis qona
heavy ~ on sth Zlieri ndoba ramisa
place ~ on ndobis gamocxadeba
relic n reliqvia,reliqti
relic(s) n gadmonaSTi
relics n pl wminda nawilebi
206
relief n adj reliefi geografiuli/orna-
mentuli; amoburculi,reliefuri
broken/intended ~ daserili/daRaruli
down/hilly ~ borcviani ~
flat/plain ~ swori ~
high ~ maRali ~
~ imprint reliefuri gamosaxuleba
in ~ gamozneqili,reliefiT(orn)
mountaineous ~ mTiani relief
planar ~ vake/swori ~
sloping/steepy ~ beqobiani/daxrili ~
under-water ~ wyalqveSa ~
relieve v reliefis keTeba,igrZno Sveba
religion(ist) n religia ; morwmune fanati-
kosi
religious adj religiuri,sakulto,sasuli-
ero
~activity religiuri saqmianoba
~ dedication religiuri Sewirva
~expressions ~ gamosaxulebebi
~ institution ~ wyoba
~ intent/purpose ~ daniSnulebis
~official(s) ~ Tanamdebobis pirebi
~ right/service mRvdelmsaxureba
~significance religiuri mniSvneloba
~ use religiuri gamoyenebis
~ work ~ saqmianoba
relish v kmayofileba,tkboba,gemo,midreki-
leba ramisadmi,mimzidveloba
relocate(d) v adj adgilis Secvla,adgil-
nacvali,gadaadgileba/gadaadgi-
lebuli,gadatana/gadatanili,ga-
danacvlebuli
reluctant adj usurvilod,arcTu momxib-
lavi/mimzidveli,ewinaaRmdegeba...
rely in(on,upon) v ndoba vinmesi/ramisa
~ upon for dating daTariRebisas dayrd-
noba rameze(mag.formaze)
remain(ed) v adj darCena/darCenili,nar-
Ceni,SemorCena/SemorCenili
~ extant (raRacam) moaRwia Cvenamde
~ a mystery rCeba/darCa gaurkveveli/
ucnobi
~ unproved ~ ~ dausabuTebeli
remaining adj danarCeni,SemorCenili
remains n pl. naSTi,neSti,narCeni,saWmlis
narCenebi
~ of human habitation nasaxlari=namosax
lari
remake v SekeTeba,xelaxla gakeTeba,ga-
gadamuSaveba
remark n v SeniSvna
 სარჩევი
~ to/upon v miTiTeba
remarkable adj sakvirveli,TvalsaCino,
TvalSisacemi,mniSvnelovani,aR-
aRsaniSnavi,aRniSvnis Rirsi,sao-
cari,sayuradRebo,araCveulebrivi
RirsSesanisnavi
in a ~ way araCveulebrivad,mSvenivrad
remarkably adv saocrad,TvalsaCinod,Se-
samCnevad,saocrad,Sesanisnavad,
remarriage/remarry n v xelaxla qorwineba
remedium n monetis kanoniT daSvebuli
wonis,ansinjis dakleba; saSualeba,
wamali
remember(ance) v n damaxsovreba,(da)xso
meba,mogoneba,daxseneba,mogoneba,
saxsovari
remification n sazogadoebis/qedis ganSto
eba
remind(er) v n gaxseneba,Sexseneba,moago-
no vinmes rame; (da)narCeni; mosago
nari,saxsovari
reminiscent of sth ramis msgavsi ram(eg sth
is ~ of sth),mogvagonebs…
reminisce(nces) v n pl mogoneba,mogonebebi
remit(al) v n codvis Sendoba,Sesandoba-
ri; gadasaxadisgan gaTavisufleba
remnant(s) n narCen(eb)I,naSTi
remodel(ed) v adj gadakeTeba/gadakeTebu-
li
remote adj dacilebuli,daSorebuli,mo-
Sorebuli,Soreuli,Sori
remoteness n siSore
removal/remove n v CamoSoreba,dangreva,
alageba,miweva,moSoreba,laqebis amo-
yvana,amoZroba,mospoba,gaweva,gatana,
ayra(iatakis/fenis),gagdeba,gamoricx-
va,(Camo)texva/mtvreva,gadatana,gadawe-
va,waSla,moSoreba,gamotana,gamoyvana-
moSla
~flesh fom body xorcis moSoreba sxe-
ulidan
~ from one’s sight TvalTagan moSoreba=
mxedvelobidan dakargva
~from power xelisuflebidanCamoSo-
reba
~ possibility SesaZleblobis mospoba
removed adj CamoSorebuli,alagebuli,mi
weuli,moSorebuli,amoZrobili,ga
weuli,gatanili,ayrili=naZravi=
gadaweuli fena,waSlili,gamota-
nili,gamoyvanili,moSlili
rename v saxelis gadarqmeva
render v gaReba=gacema,gamosaxva,Targmna
207
sxva sxva enaze,ambis gadmocema,Ses
ruleba,migeba misageblisa
~ great services to… vinmes/ramis winaSe
didi damsaxurebis qona
~ sb vinmes warmoCena
rendering adj gamomsaxveli
rendition n gaReba=gacema,gamosaxva,Targ-
mna,gadmocema
renew(al)(ation)(ed) v n adj ga(n)axleba,ga-
(n)axlebuli,aRmdgari,aRdgenili
renounce(d) v adj ganagdo(mag.eSmaki), ga-
damdgari beri
renovate(d) v adj ganaxleba/ganaxlebuli,
SekeTeba/SekeTebuli
renovation n ganaxleba
renowned adj cnobili vinme,saxelganTq-
muli
renunciate(ion) v n berobaze uaris Tqma
rent(ed) v adj gaqiraveba/daqiraveba,gaqi-
ravebuli/daqiravebuli
reoccupate/reoccupation/reoccupy v n v
xelaxla dasaxleba/dapyroba
reoccure/reoccurance v n xelaxla gamoCe-
na
reoccurring adj ganmeorebadi
re-open(ing) v ger xelaxla gaxsna/amoqme-
deba
repaint(ing) v ger xelaxla daxatva(mo-
xatva,SeRebva)
repair(ed) v adj SekeTeba/SekeTebuli,ga-
marTva/gamarTuli,mowesrigeba,
aRdgineba(bibl),aRdgenili
repay v valis/samagieros gadaxda,pasu-
xis gacema
repeat(ed) v adj gameoreba; ganmeorebiT,
gsnmeorebuli,xelaxali
~figures erTi da igive figurebi
~ mention/reference xelaxali xseneba
~ use xelaxali gamoyeneba
repeatedly adv ganmeorebiTi,xelaxla,xSi
rad,kvlav da kvlav,isev da isev
repent(ance) for sth v n monanieba
repentant adj monanie
repercussion n gamoZaxili,eqo,gavlena,Se-
degebi,anarekli
repertoire=repertory n repertuari
repertory n sacavi,sawyobi
repetitive adj ganmeorebadi/ganmeorebiTi
replace(d)(ment) v adj n gamocvla/Secvla
vinmesi/ramis vimeTi/ramiT ; gamo-
cvlili,Secvlili,adgilnacvali,
gadaadgileba/gadaadgilebuli
~sb by sb vinmes Secvla vinmeTi
 სარჩევი
sth ~ sth raRac gamodevnis/cvlis ra-
Racas
replane(ing) v ger xelaxla dagegmva/da-
gegmareba
replaster v xelaxla Selesva
replete with sth adj saves(gajerebuli,mdi-
dari,datvirTuli) ramiT,uxvi
repletion n siuxve
replica(te) n v asli,minabaZi; aslis gake-
Teba,mibaZva
reply v gamoxmaureba,pasuxi,Sexmianeba
repopulate(ion) v n xalxis xelaxla dasa
xleba
report(ing) n v ger moxseneba,angariSi; Se-
tyobineba,gacxadeba,moxseneba vin-
nmesTvis ramis,angariSgeba
repose n v miZineba,Sendoba/Sesandobari,
ganisvene...
for ~ of sb vinmes SendobisaTvis
repository n siZveleTa sacavi
repossé relief/work (Fr) reliefuri
~ technique reliefuri ornamentis ke-
Tebis teqnika
repoussage/repoussé n dabali reliefi/
Weduroba,romelic keTdeba Caqu-
CiT furclis ukana mxridan
represent v wardgena,asaxva,warmosaxva,
gamoxatva,Cveneba
representation n gansaxiereba,ieri,nimuSi,
gamosaxuleba ramis
pictorial ~ portretuli gamosaxuleba
representative n adj nimuSi,warmomadgene-
li,amsaxveli,warmomadgenlobiTi
represented adj gamosaxuli,naCvenebi,war-
modgenili
represents v 3rd p.simp.pr. gamoxatavs,war-
moadgens
reprimand v sayveduris Tqma,dasja
reprint n v amonabeWdi=teqsti ; naSromis
xelaxla gamocema/dabeWdva
reproduce(d) v adj asaxva,gamosaxva/gamo-
saxuli,xelaxla keTeba/warmoeba
~ painting reproduqcia(mag.naxatis)
reproducing adj gamomsaxveli
reproduction n gamosaxuleba
reproductive adj mwarmoebluri,reproduq-
ciuli
republish/republication v n xelaxla/xelax-
ali gamocema
repuls v acileba=uaryofa,Setevis moge-
rieba
reputed adj aRiarebuli,miCneuli
~ to be ganTqmulia,miRebulia,cnobilia
208
reputedly adv aRiarebuli TvalsazrisiT
saerTo aRiarebiT
request n v (mo)Txovna
make a ~ (mo)Txova
require v moeTxoveba vinmes, raRac saWi-
roebs/iTxovs raRacas
required adj saTanado,saWiro,sasurveli;
is, rac moTxovnilebiT sargeblobs
requirement(s) n pl moTxovnileba(ni) ra-
ime saqonelze),saWiroeba(ni)
requisite adj aucilebeli,saWiro,saTanado
rerivet(see rivet) v moqlonis moSoreba
rescind(ed) v adj gauqmeba,gauqmebuli
rescriptum/rescriptumi n sing/pl Lat. reskrip
ti
rescue v gadarCena,gaTavisufleba,warT-
meva,xsna
~ excavation(s) gadarCeniTi gaTxrebi
~operation(s) ~ samoSao(ebi)
rescued adj gadarCenili
rescuer n maSveli,gadamrCeni
research n v adj naSromi,(gamo)kvleva;
kvleva,Zieba,(samecniero)kvleviTi
~design kvlevis gegma
~fellow mecniermuSaki qali/kaci
~ ~ junior/senior ~ ~ ~ umcrosi
/ufrosi mecn. muSaki(qali/kaci)
~ centre samecniero-kvleviTi dawesebu-
leba
~ is in progress kvleva momdinareobs/
Rrmavdeba
~ low/high level of ~ kvlevis dabali/maRa
li done
scholarly ~ mecnieruli kvleva
~ work kvleviTi samuSao,samecniero
Tema
researcher n mkvlevari
staff/team of researchers mkvlevarTa
jgufi
researches n pl Ziebani
reseed v xelaxla daTesva.nayofis Tes-
lad qceva
resemblance n v msgavseba,mogvagonebs
resemble(s) v pr.simp. gavs,mogvagonebs
broadly ~ xSirad imeorebs...
resembling sth msagavsi,(mo)gvagonebs
reservation n gadanaxva,dajavSna,momarage
ba,Senaxva
reserve n v nakrZali,resursi; gadanaxva,
dajavSna,momarageba,Senaxva
reserved adj gadanaxuli,dajavSnuli,mo-
maragebuli,Senaxuli
 სარჩევი
~for sb vinmesTvis gankuTvnili/gadana-
xuli
~ part/section SemorCenili nawili
reservoir n geja,wyalsacavi,wyalsatevi
re-settle(ment) v n xelaxla dasaxleba,
xalxis ayra=gadasaxleba
re-shape(ed) v adj gadamuSaveba/gadamuSa-
vebuli,formis Secvla/formaSecv-
lili,gadakeTeba
reside v cxovreba sadme
residing adj mjdomare
resign(ation) v n gadadgoma
resin n adj mcenaris fisi(s)
reside(nce) v n binadroba,cxovreba ; sa-
cxovrebeli,samyofeli,bina
be in ~ cxovreba sadme
royal ~ samefo rezidencia
~ rule cxovrebis wesi
resident(ial) n adj binadari,mcxovrebi,ad-
gilobrivi,sacxovrebeli
~ quarter sacxovrebeli kvartali
residual/residue(see rock) adj narCeni,dana-
leqi=narCeni
resign(ate)(ion) v n samsaxuridan wasvla,
uflebamosilebis moxsna,Tanamde-
bobidan gadadgoma
resist(ance) v n winaaRmdegobis gaweva/
gamklaveba; winaaRmdegoba,medego-
ba,uaryofa,narCeni
resolute adj mtkice,uryevi,gadamwyveti
resolutely adv mtkiced,uryevad
resolution n gadawyvetileba,dadgenileba,
gadawyveta,aRsruleba
adopt(carry/pass) a ~ dadgenilebis miRe
ba
resolve v gadawyveta,gadawyvetilebis mi-
Reba,aiZulo=iZuleba,gadaqceva ra-
misa ramed
resonate v rezonansi,exmianeba,Tanxvdeba
resort n agaraki=kurorti
resound v vinmes gandideba, exmianeba
resource n resursi
~ poor/rich resursebiT Raribi/mdidari
respect n v pativi(scema),krZalva
in all respects yvela SemTxvevaSi
in every ~ yvelafriT,yvelanairad
in some ~ towards… ramesTan mimar-
TebaSi
in respect of sth ramis sasargeblod
in ~ of/to rac Seexeba…
in ~ of sth raime TvalTaxedviT,
raimesTan mimarTebaSi
209
in this/that ~ am/im TvalsazrisiT
pay one’s ~ to b/sth pativis migeba
vinmesTvis/ramisTvis
proper ~ saTanado pativi
with ~ to… rac Seexeba…
with ~ to sb/sth damokidebulebaSi vin
mesTan/ramesTan
respected adj pativcemuli,Rirseuli
respectful(ly)(ness) adj adv n sapativcemo,
Rirseuli; pativiscemiT,Rirse-
ulad; mokrZaleba,krZaluleba,
pativiscema
respective(ly) adj adv sapatio=sagangebo;
pativsacemi,upiratesad,Sesabamisad
respectness n krZaluleba
resplendence n brwyinvaleba,didebuleba
Resplendent(the) n mefe-mnaTobi,brwyinva-
le mefe
resplendent adj naTelmosili
respond n v pasuxi,naxevarpiloni,TaRis
pilastri
~favourably gamoexmauro/upasuxo dade-
biTad
response n v pasuxi,gamoxmaureba
in ~ to sth pasuxad ramisa
in ~ to the needs pasuxad saWiroebisa
responsible adj sapasuxismgeblo,pasuxis-
mgebeli vinme rameze
~ for vinme pasuxismgebeli raRacaze
responsibility n pasuxismgebloba,movale-
oba
on sb’s ~ vinmes pasuxismgeblobiT
relieve of ~ pasuxismgeblobisgan gaTavi-
sufleba
undertake ~ pasuxismgeblobia aReba
rest n v (da)narCeni,naSTi,dasveneba,Sesve
neba
~ on/upon v dasma ramisa rameze
~ upon v dayrdnoba/dadgma ramisa ra-
meze
restart v ganaxleba,xelaxla dawyeba
resting place sayrdeni,gansasvenebeli=sam-
arxi
restoration n aRdgena/aRdgineba,restavra-
cia,rekonstruqcia
restore(d) v adj aRdgena/aRdgenili,aRdgi
neba; restavracia/restavrirebuli
warTmeulis dabruneba
~ alive mkvdreTiT aRdgena
restorer n aRmdgeni=restavratori
restrain v Sekaveba,SezRudva,alagmva,dapa-
timreba
restrained adj TavSekavebuli
 სარჩევი
restraint n sisadave
restrict(ed) v adj Sekveca/Sekvecili,damc-
roba/damcrobili,dadgena,SezRud-
va/SezRuduli,mcire raodenoba,
Sesusteba/Sesustebuli
restructure(ation) v n gadakeTeba
restructured adj gadakeTebuli
result n Sedegi=nayofi
in~ of… Sedegad
resulted in sth raRac dasrulda raRaciT
resulting in… Sedegi gamoixata raRacaSi
results from… gamomdinareobs…
resume(AmE) n avto/SromiTi biografia
v ganaxleba,Sewyvetilis gagrZele
ba,daskvnis gakeTeba
resumé n Fr. reziume
resumption n ukan danruneba/miReba,ga-
naxleba ramis
resurgence n saqmianobis ganaxleba,aRor
Zineba,aRdgena,mkvdreTiT aRdgoma
Resurrection(the) n aRdgineba mkvdreTiT
resurrect(ed)(ion) v adj n mkvdreTiT aRd-
gineba/aRdginebuli
retain v aRbeWdva,darCena,SenarCuneba,Se-
kaveba,mxardaWera
~ in stone aRbeWdva/kveTa qvaSi=darCa
qvaSi
~water wylis Sekaveba=dagroveba
retainer n qveSevrdomi
retaining adj damcavi,SemCerebeli,Semkave-
li
~ wall sayrdeni kedeli
retell v mboba,Txroba,moyola
retent(ion) v n Sekaveba
rethink(see reassess) v xelaxla gaazreba
reticulate(d) adj badisebri ornamenti
retinue n amala
retire(d) v adj gadadgoma/gadamdgari ; pen
siaze gasvla/gasuli
retouch(ing) v ger retuSis keTeba,retuSi
abrupt ~ cicabo ~
controlled ~ sakontrolo ~
finishing ~ damasrulebeli ~
marginal ~ kidis ~
nonbiface ~ calmxrivi ~
retreat v ukandaxeva,saero cxovrebidan
gandgoma,wasvla
~from some place wasvla,mitoveba
go into ~ sazogadoebidan garideba
retreating adj daqanebuli
retroact(ive) v adj gameoreba; uku, ganmeor
ebadi,ukuZala
210
return n v dabruneba
in ~ samagierod,sapasuxod,pasuxad
~ journey ukana gza(ze)
returns n pl ukugeba
re-type(ing) v ger teqstis xelaxla gada-
beWdva
reuse v n xelaxla gamoyeneba
revalue(ation) v n gadafaseba,xelaxla Se
faseba,rirebulebis Secvla
reveal v aRmoCena,warmoCena,gamovlena,
gamoaSkaraveba,gamJRavneba/gamo-
mJRavneba,gamoCena
~ links with… amJRavneba/naTels xdis
kavSirebs
revealed adj gamovleneli,gamoaSkaravebu
li,warmoCenili
revealing that… maCvenebeli imisa,rom…
Revelation n gamocxadeba(ioane RvTis-
metyveli)
revelation n gamocxadeba,zeSTagoneba,aR-
moCena,saidumlos gaxsna
revenge n v SurisZieba
campaign of ~ SurissaZiebeli omi
seek ~ SurisZiebis wyurvili
take ~ on sb ~ vinmeze
revenue n saxelmwifo Semosavali
Reverence (the) n Rirsi mama
reverencae v krZalva/krZaluleba,pativ-
iscema
reverse n adj monetis zurgi; uku,sapir-
rispro,Seqceuli
v ramis Secvla sapirispiro ramiT
~ quarter round meoTxedi ukurkali/bru
ni
reversed curve ukurkali
reversion n sawyis mdgomareobaSi/warTme
ulis dabruneba
revert v CamorTmeulis/warTmeulis ~
adrindel rwmenaze dabruneba
~back to sth miubrunde rasme
revetment(s) n mopirkeTeba,Semokvra ra-
misa rameze
review n v adj naSromi=momoxilva,Jurna-
li,recenzia; mimoxilva/mimoxil-
viTi,ganxilva,Sefaseba,Tvalis
gadavleba
~ article(book/paper) mimoxilviTi naSro
mi
reviewer n mimomxilveli,recenzenti
revise v naswavlis gameoreba,sakiTxis
gadasinjva=revizia,teqstis Ses-
woreba(ara koreqtura)
revised adj gadasinjuli
 სარჩევი

~ edition Sevsebuli da Sesworebuli ~design mdidruli ornamenti

gamocema ~ in finds/of offerings monapovriT/nivTeb-
revision n sakiTxis gadasinjva=revizia iT mdidari samarxi/Zegli
revisit v mibruneba ~ of minerals wiaRiseuliT mdidari
~a subject mibruneba raime sakiTxze ~ of wells mineraluri wyaroebiT ~
revitalize(d)(see rout) v adj gacocxleba/ ~ style mdidruli stili
gacocxlebuli,aRgineba/aRmdgari richly adv mdidrulad,uxvad
revival n aRorZineba ~ adorned(decorated,furnished) mdidru-
~ times aRorZinebis/aRmSeneblobis lad Semkuli
xana richness n simdidre
revive(d) v adj aRorZineba/aRorZinebuli, ~in sth mdidari ramiT qveyana
gamococxleba/gamococxlebuli, rick n zvini
ganaxleba/ganaxlebuli,aRdgoma, rickety adj meryevi(mag.mtkicebuleba)
gamoRviZeba,ayvaveba,gafurCqvna rid v gaTavisufleba raRacisgan,Tavi-
revives v simp.pr. asuldgmulebs dan moSoreba ramis
reviving adj is,rac RorZindeba,aRorZine- riddle n gamocana,saidumlo
badi ride(r) v n cxenis Weneba,mxedari,cxeno-
revolt n ajanyeba,janyi sani
revolve around v brunva,triali ~ god(s) n cxenosani RmerTi/RmerTe-
revolving adj mbrunavi bi
revolutionize v gardaqmna,revoluciis mox ~ up chariot etlis marTva
dena ridge n mwkrivi,mTagrexili=qedi,nakeri
reward n v jildo; dasaCuqreba,dajil- liTonze,kicura
doeba,sikeTisTvis sazRauris mige- ~beam n gasayari=Weris koWi
migeba,erTgulebis(amagis,Sromis) ~way(see defile) n gza xeobaSi
dafaseba,fuladi jildo riding ger cxenze jdoma,Weneba
rewarded adj dajildoebuli ~ boots cxenosnis Ceqmebi
rewarding adj kuTvnili ~ breeches ~ Sarvali
~ in finds/offerings monapovriT mdidari ~ upon cxenze mjdari
rewind v xelaxla gadaxveva/saaTis mo- rifle n Tofi
marTva rift valley n dedamiwis qerqis nawili Se-
re-work v gadakeTeba,gadamuSaveba mosazRvruli teqtonikuri nap-
re-write v (xelaxla) gadawera ralebiT,romelic momijnave ad
rhetoric adj ritorikuli gilebze ufro dablaa daweuli
rhetorica n ritorika right n v adj ufleba; gasworeba; swori,
rhomb/rhombi n sing/pl Lat. rombi marjvena=xeli,RvTivkurTxeuli,mar-
rhomb-shaped adj rombisebri Tali vinme/rame
rhubarb=Rheum gen. Lat. n adj revandi ~ angled adj marTkuTxa
Rhus coriaria n adj TuTubo(si) at/on the ~ marjvniv
Rhus cotinus=Cotinus coggygria n adj Trim- divine ~ wminda ufleba
Lli(s) ~ hand n adv marjvena xeli; marjvniv
rhyolite n adj rioliti=lipariti(minera have the ~ uflebis qona
li) Ital. in one’s own ~ sakuTar uflebebSi
rhyton/rhyta n sing/pl Gr. ritoni ~ now axlave=am wuTSi
rib n nekni,zoli,wibo,satevris/Subispi- ~ of inheritance ufleba memkvidreobaze
ris qedi ~ of sanctuary TavSesafris moTxovnis
~ cage n yvela nekni erTad ufleba
sharply carinated ~ mkveTri wibo ~ of veto vetos ufleba
ribbed adj kbilebiani,dakbiluli,wiboiani ~ side waRma piri ramis
ribbon n lenti/babTa ~ to left(see left) marjvnidan marcxniv
rebellion n ajanyeba rightly adv samarTlianad,sworad
rich adj mdidari,mdidruli rights n pl uflebebi

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~ assert one’s ~ vinmes uflebebis dacva oba

by ~ uflebiT… ~ into the sky zecad amaRleba
commission ~ uflebis gadacema/mini- give ~ to sth saTavis dadeba/dasabam-
Weba vinmesTvis is micema ramisTvis
exercise one’s ~ to uflebiT sargeb- ~of state saxelmwifos warmoSoba
loba ~of sth gaCena/dawyeba ramis,aRzeveba
hurt sb’s ~ vinmes uflebebis Selaxva ~ up against sb galaSqreba vinmes wina
invest with ~ uflbebiT aRWurva,uf- aRmdeg
lebamosilebis miniWeba riser n kibis safexuris SemaRleba
righteous adj marTali ~ board kibis safexuris sayrdeni
rightful adj uflebrivi,uflebis mqone rising adj amomavali,aRmavali,aweva,simaR-
rightless adj uuflebo leSi mateba
righty adv samarTlianad ~above the plain dablobze aRmarTuli
rightminded adj Wkviani,WkuaTmyofeli borvi/gora
rigid n adj gaciebuli masa ; magari,udre- risk n v riski,gariskva=riskis gaweva
ki,moudrekavi,medegi,xami(mag.tilo), run the ~ v garisko rame
mkacri,uxeSi rite(see holocaust) n wesi,adaTi
rigidly adv uZravad,uryevad adminisrer ~ at funeral dakrZalvis wes-
rigidness n sixiste,Seuguebloba is aRsruleba
rim(see vessel) n v sorsoli,Wurwlis pi ~ burial/funeral ~ dakrZalvis wesi
ri, gars evleba/uvlis conform to the ~ wesis/wesebis dacva
incurved ~ pirmoyrili follow/submit the ~ ~ ~ ~
outcurved ~ pirgadaSlili funerary ~ dakrZalvis wesi
remains n pl naSTi,narCenebi marital/marriage ~ qorwinebis wesi
rind n xis tyavi/kani mortuary ~ dakrZalvis wesi
ring n v beWedi,wre,rgoli,yunwi,rkali; ~ of commiting to the flame dawvis ~
zaris (da)rekva ~of passage dakrZalvis wesi
~ base n WurWlis qusli ritual n adj rituali,wesi; ritualuri/
~ leader wamomwyebi saritualo,saweso
middle ~ Sua rgoli ~ ceremony ritualuri ceremoniali
ringing ger rekva mysterious ~ saidumlo rituali
ringlet n xveuli,xvia,rgoli,kululi,be- ~ purpose ~ daniSnulebis
Wedi=samkauli observe the ~ practice ritualis dacva
rings n pl safexuredi svetze/Senobaze perform the ~ ritualis Sesruleba
(ornamenti) ritually adv ritualurad,ritualis Tanax
rip n v kedlis garRveva mad
~ off v (ga)Zarcva rival(ry) n v mowinaaRmdege,metoqe,Suri,
ripe(n) adj v mwife,damwifebuli; damwi- Suri,Surli ; mtroba,metoqeoba,mo-
feba cileoba,winaaRmdegoba,mteri/mtr-
ripeness n simwife oba
ripple(d)(s) adj talRisebri,talRovani, ~ sb mtroba vinmesi
CuxCuxi,talRebi dinebis river n adj mdinare,samdinaro
rise n maRlobi,SemaRleba(reliefze), arm of the ~ mdinaris toti
borcvi,aRmarTi,goraki ~bank/side mdinaris napiri
v aRmavloba,Casaxva(mag.xelovnebis), basin of the ~ mdinaris auzi(qvabuli,
warmoSoba,warmoqmna,aweva,aRmarT- xeoba)
va,kedlis amoyvana,gaCena,aRmoce- bed of the ~ ~ kalapoti
neba,mateba,aRmasvla,mateba,aRmarTva bend n mdinaris muxli
~ again/from the death v mkvdrediT aRd- by ~ mdinareze mgzavroba/gadazidva
goma ~cobble/pebble riyis qva/kenWi
be on ~ gaZliereba,gaCena confluence of the ~ mdinaris SesarTa-
~ in rebellion against… ajanyebis mowy- vi(adgili)

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confluent ~ mdinare,romelic erTvis
sxva mdinares
dam n v mdinaris jebiri/gadaketva
daw bank of the ~ riye
down/lower stream of the ~ mdinaris qvemo
weli/dineba
dry ~ bed mdinaris damSrali kalapoti
estuary n mdinari zRvasTan SeerTebis
adgili
fast flowing ~ swrafi mdinare
flow into together ori ~ erT mdinared
moedineba SeerTebis Semdeg
~flow into the sea ~ erTvis zRvas
~floodplain of the ~ mdinaris dablobi=
axlomaxlo napirebi
ford of the ~ mdinaris foni
god mdinare – RvTaeba
~head/upper reaches of the ~ mdinaris saTa-
ve
meandering ~ daklaknili ~
middle area/reaches of the ~ mdinaris Sua
weli
mountain river/stream mTis mdinare/naka-
duli
mouth of the confluence mdinaris mdinare-
sTan/zRvasTan SeerTebis adgili
non-shippimg ~ arasanaosno mdinare
old ~ bed mdinaris Zveli kalapoti
on the ~ mdinareze
reach of the ~ mdinaris muxli
remification of the ~ ~ ganStoeba
~rises in… mdinare saTaves iRebs…
~side n mdinaris sanapiro
~ ~ port samdinaro navmisadgomi
soft/still flowing ~ mdore mdinare
~sprans forth… mdinare moedineba…
steep(ness)(of the) bank mdinaris cicabo
napiri/daxriloba
straddle a ~ mdinaris damorCileba
swell v mdinaris adideba
through ~ action mdinaris zemoqmedebiT
tributary of the ~ mdinaris Senakadi
upstream n dinebis sapirispirod
~of the ~ ~ zemo dineba/weli
~useful/useless for transport vargisi/uvar-
gisi sanaosnod
weir on the ~ jebiri mdinareze
~with great volume of water wyaluxvi ~
riverine n adj kirqva/kirqvis
~area mdinarispiri/pirebi
~cobbles/stones riyis qvebi
~location mdinarispira mdebareoba
213
waterway samdinaro gza/sanaosno ~
rivet(see rerivet) n v adj manWvali,moqloni
damoqloneba,mopirkeTeba,daWedeba,da
lursmva,civWedva,samanWvle
~ hafting/hole samanWvle naxvreti
head/top of the ~ moqlonis Tavi
riveted adj damoqlonebuli,Camoqlonebu-
li,dalursmuli
riveting ger damoqloneba.Camoqloneba
riza n xatis omfori,saeklesio samosi
road n gza(tkecili)
along ~ gzispiri,gzis gaswvriv
~ of brushwood Celtis gza
~ map sagzao ruka,gzamkvlevi
rutted ~ naurmali/oRro-CoRro gza
~ way n gza,qvafenili
roam(ing) n v adj ger xetiali,moxetiale
roamer n mwiri,yaribi
roast(ing) v ger Sewva,Ggamowva
rob(ed)(er)(y) v adj n (ga)Zarcva/Zarculi;
mZarcveli; Zarcva,yaCaRoba
live from robbery cxovreba yaCaRobiT
robe(s) n samosi(saero,samefo,saeklesio)
xalaTi,mantia,kaba
robing room n eklesiaSi samosis Sesanaxi
robust adj jansaRi,Ronieri,magari
~intellect jansaRi inteleqti
~work mZime samuSao
rock n adj klde/kldis,mRvime,qani(s),nag-
leji qva,lodi,kldemadani
bed ~ n adj yadimi
~ crystal v adj mtis broli(s)
~ curving ger kldeze kveTa
~cut tomb kldeSinakveti samarxi
dislocated(slid/slipped) ~ Camowolili
qani
eroded ~ gamoqaruli/CamonaSali ~
exhausted ~ gamonamuSevari ~
floating ~ mcuravi ~
~ hewn adj kldeSi nakveTi
living ~ sacxovrebeli gamoqvabuli
~outcrops gamonamuSevari qani
parent ~ dedaqani
recent ~ axalgazrda ~
residual ~ narCeni ~
shell ~ niJrovani ~
~shelter gamoqvabuli
~structure Qqvis nageboba kldeSi
~varnish danaleqi fena kldeze
rocky adj kldovani
rod n liTonis/xis Reri(Rero,Reraki,wne
li),vazia rqalerwi,keti,Cxiri,muxli
 სარჩევი

gvarSi, Tamasa rulebuli gadamxuravi qviT

tubular ~ futuro Reri/Reraki pavilion ~ karvis/pavilionisebri ~
roe n adj qviriTi(s) pillared ~ svetebze dayrdnobili ~
roebuck n Sveli-xari,iremlaRi pitched ~ calferda ~
role n roli,daniSnuleba sloping ~ orferda ~
decisive ~ in sth gadamwyveti roli sole-beam(ed) ~ koWovani ~
rameSi steeple ~ piramiduli ~
designate ~ rolis gansazRvra stepped ~ safexuredi ~
gender ~ sqesis roli sturdy ~ gamZle ~
~ model misabaZi vinme, modeli thatched ~ islis ~
~ of sth in the origin of sth raRacis roli tiled=timber and tile ~ kramitis ~
raRacis CamoyalibebaSi ~top saxuravi,bani
pivotal ~ mTavari roli trapezoid ~ trapeciuli ~
play a ~ rolis Tamasi/Sesruleba under the one ~ erT WerqveS
roll v n (wa)goreba,Segragna; gragnili, vaulted ~ kamariani ~
xvia roofed adj (ga)daxuruli
~ headed adj Tavxvia roofing adj saxuravi,gadamxuravi
thick ~ WurWlis bako/gvirgvini ~ paper n adj toli(s)
~ up v dagragna roofless adj usaxuravo
rolled adj nagorebi,Segragnili rook n etli WadrakSi
roller n saglinvela,lilvaki,sorsoli, room(see throne) n oTaxi,adgili=sivrce=
lilvi,satkepnela farTobi ramis mosaTavseblad
rolling v adj xvia,daxveuli furceli, ~ for newly-wed couple sanTiobo
gorva,mgoravi guest ~ sastumto oTaxi
~ground mTagoriani adgili large ~ =hall darbazi
~hill mTiani,mTagrexiliani reception ~ misaRebi=sastumro darba-
roof(see cover) n v adj saxuravi(s),Rume- zi
lis TaRi; gadaxurva row/series of ~ (s) anfilada
~ batten lartya store ~ sakuWnao, sawyobi
bee-hive shaped ~ karvisebri/Tavdayi- throne ~ sefes darbazi(sadac samefo
ra qvevrisebri saxuravi taxti dgas
conical ~ konusuri saxuravi ~ to expand sivrce
domed(shell/vaulted) ~ gumbaTiani roomed adj moTavsebuli
doubed ~ Tixatkepnili ~ one/two…~ erT/oroTaxiani
earthen ~ miwuri bani=datkepnili root n bibliuri winapari,gvaris fuZem-
miwis ~ debeli,mcenaris fesvi,sityvis fuZe
eaves kiduli ~ , Cardaxi ~ factor umTavresi mizezi
flag-stone/tile ~ lorfinis ~ have ~ in… fesvebi midis…
flat and earthen ~ banuri/bani ~ ~ of hill mTis Ziri
four-fitched ~ orkalTa ~ ~ out v amoZirkva
gabled ~ samkuTxa ~ ~ plant n adj Zirxvena(si)
gambrel(saddle/saddle back,ridge) ~ the ~ pirvel(sawyisi),umTavresi
ormxmxrivdaqanebuli ~ rooted adj fesvebiani
girder/log ~ Zelebis ~ deeply ~ Rrmad fesvgadgmuli
hipped ~ orwvetiani ~ roots n pl wyaro=fesvebi=warmomavloba
lean-to ~ kiduli(fardulis,sxva Se- very ~ safuZveli,sawyisi,fesvebi
nobaze midgmuli nagebobis/ rope n adj v asxmula,lari=Toki,sabeli,
fardulis saxuravi,Cardaxi bawari ; grexili,Tokisebri ; mZivis,an
~line saxuravis xazi sxva ramis asxmula
~ of planks ficris saxuravi rosemary(Rosmarinus officinalis Lat) n adj
~ of rows of beams spanned by a capsrone rozmarini(s)
gvirgvinuli gadaxurva das- rosette n varduli

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 სარჩევი

roster n nusxa=sia routmarch n laSqroba

rostrum/rostra n sing/pl Lat. kaTedra, gemis row n mwkrivi,rigi(aguris/qvis wyobaSi),
Semkuli cxviri wyeba
rot v (da)lpoba in a row mwkrivSi
rotate v brunva RerZis garSemo ~ of rooms anfilada
rotating adj mbrunavi rower n mexife,meniCbe
rotation n brunva royal adj samefo,mefuri,sakaro=karis,me-
~ of crops Teslbrunva fisa/dedoflisa
rotten adj dampali,laye at ~ command mefis/samefo brZanebiT
rotting adj lpobadi cadet branch of ~ line samefo ojaxis
rouge v loyis/tuCis SeRebva wiTlad= umcrosi Sto
gawiTleba ~ power samefo xelisufleba
~ and ciruse fer-umarili ~residence ~ rezidencia
rouged adj wiTlad SeRebili(loya,tuCi) sb of the ~ blood ~ gvaris
rough adj daumuSavebeli,gauTleli,uxe- ~ throne ~ taxti
Si,winaswari,uswormasworo,dauxve- ~ troops ~ jarebi
wavi,tlanqi Royal Gates aRsavali,aRsavlis kari
~ draft varaudi,mokle monaxazi royalties n honorari
~ out v n namzadis (ga)keTeba,uxeSad royalty n taZreuli,mefoba,samefo ojax-
mtvreva/kveTa,qvis namzadi is wevri,mefobis xana,samefo war-
roughly adv TiTqos,tlanqad,uxeSad,daax- momavlobis
loebiT... rub v G(ga)cveTa,xexva
~ modeled uxeSad naZerwi ~on with…malamos/nelsacxeblis wasma
~oval/rectangle arawesieri ovali/marT- ~ stone salesi qva
kuTxedi ~ up v gaprialeba
~ work(ed) up v adj gamoCorkna/gamoCor rubbed adj gacveTili,gaxexili
knili,daumuSavebeli rubbish n narCenebi,nagavi
roughness n siuxeSe,uxeSoba,uswormaswo ~ pit nagvis ormo
roba rubble v yoris amoSeneba
rouletting n rkali ~ fill/packing v ger ~ ~
round adj adv v mrgvali; gars..,garSemo; ~ masonry n adj WyorduRabi(s)
damrgvaleba,momrgvaleba,Semovla= ~ stone nagleji qva/qvis
Semowmeba ~ ~ wall(ing) yore
~ the world mTels msoflioSi,msofli- rubric n saTauri
os garSemo under ~ saTauriT...
~ billet/timber n adj namori(s) ruby n adj wiTeli safironi(s)=lali(s)
~up alyaSi moqceva,naxiris moparva =badaxSi(s)
roundabout n SemovliTi gza ruddle(see raddle) n adj wernaqi(s)
roundel n rkali rude-timber n adj gaurandavi ficari/fic-
rout n v amala,areuloba,mRelvareba,sim- ris
ravle ramisa,gacamtvereba,mtris ga- rudimentary adj martivi,Canasaxovani,ganu-
nadgureba,saRamos miReba,vinmes ra- viTarebeli
ime mizniT sadme gagzavna rue=Ruta Lat. n adj mariamsakmeli(s)=re-
rout(s) n adj gza,mimarTuleba,marSruti, vandi(s)(ix.tegani)(mc)
samarSruto rug n iatakis safeni,noxi
main ~ mTavari gza.mimarTuleba rugged adj uswormasworo,mTagoriani
maritime ~ sazRvao gza/gzebiT ~ highlands mTianeTi/mTiani
revitalizing routs aRorZinebis gza ~landscape/terrain mTiani/mTagoriani
sea/valley ~ sazRvao/saxmeleTo gza ~topography mTagoriani mxare
trade ~ savaWro ~ ruin(ed) v adj daRupva/daRupuli,dangre-
routine n yoveldriuroba,rutina va/dangreuli,Semusvra/Semusruli
busuness ~ yoveldriuri saqmianoba ruin(s) n pl nangrevebi

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build upon ~ nangrevebze aSeneba runner n wisqvilis zeda qva

in ~ nangrevebad qceuli running adj morbenali,mrboli,gasdevs
rule n v wesi,mmarTveloba,xelisufleba, ~ across gadaWimuli teritoria(ze)
saxelmwifos marTva/gaZRola ~along gasdevs
adopt a ~ wesad qceva ~ ~ the sides gasdevs gverdebze
conform to the ~ wesebis dacva ~ away from gamomavali
follow the ~ wesis dacva/Sesruleba, ~ from…to… gasdevs …dan…mde
misdio wess ~ mate n mewyvile
joint ~ of sb erTmmarTveloba ~ spiral zanuri/zenuri xvia
~out gamoricxva ramis runoff v Camongreva
residence ~ cxovrebis wesi runs along v gasdevs...
submit the ~ wesis dacva rural adj soflis,sofluri,sasoflo
~ultimately saboloo mmaTveli ~ area sofluri garemo/dasaxleba
under a rule xelisuflebis QqveS ~ style ~ stili
unify under a ~ ~ ~ gaerTianeba ~ surroundings soflis/sofluri Semo-
~with a light hand msubuqi mmaTveloba gareni
ruled adj marTuli, xazovani rush n adj v lerwami/lerwmis(safeni),
ruler n batoni,mmarTveli,saxazavi leli(s)/lelqasi(s) ;Tavdasxma
~ cult mmarTvelis kulti rust(ed) n v adj Jangi,daJangva,daJanguli
~ of beasts cxovelTa batoni rustic(ally) n adj adv glexi;miamiti,miami-
sole ~ erTmmarTveli turad
rules of succession memkvidreobis wesebi rusticate(ion) v n fasadi mopirkeTebuli
ruling adj mmarTveli mkveTrad/axeSad damuSavebuli,
~ clique ~ jgufi gamoburculi qvebiT
~ elite (Fr) ~ elita/wre rusticate v gauxeSeba
~ party(see state) ~ partia rusticity n miamitoba
rumbling adj xviara rut n adj wibo,navali=gakvaluli
ruminant n adj mcoxneli cut ~ wakveTili
rumming ger ngreva sangrevi manqaniT ruthless adj Seuvali,Seubralebeli,daun-
rumours n pl miTqma-moTqma,Worebi,xmebi dobeli
rump n saZue ruthliness n simkacre
rumper n Wori ruttling time myviraloba=cxovelTa qorwi
rumple v daWmuWvna nebis dro/periodi
run n v samsaxuri; gaqceva=sirbili, rye n adj Wvavi(s), Secale cereale Lat.
(war)marTva=saqmis gaZRola,ra- S
mis amuSaveba,Catareba,muSaoba Sabbath n SabaTi(uqme dRe paraskevi,kvi-
~ after v miyolagadevneba,Semdeg… ra)
~ aground v napirze gariyva saber n calfxiani maxvili
~ along v gasdevs sable n adj siasamuri(s)
~ (a)round circumference v Semosdevs, sack n v guda,tomara ; dapyrobili
Semouyveba qveynis Zarcva
~ as followes… teqsti/warwera gvatyo- sackcloth n adj uxeSi tilos(i),jvalo(si
binebs… sacral adj saweso,saRvTo,wminda
~ astray v gzas acdena ~lamb saRvTo batkani
~ behind v ukan miyola sacrament(s) n ziareba,siwminde,wminda
~ by v movla,saqmis gaZRola Sesawiri=ZRveni
~ into v Sexvedra,SeCexeba,raRac gada- Blessed Sacrament wminda ziareba
dis raRacaSi sacramental adj sanukvari,sazedaSe
~ ourside of brooch(confine,frame) raRac ~wine zedaSe
scildeba CarCos sacramentum n samxedro valdebuleba,
~ parallel v misdevs paralelurad erTgulebis fici
~ through v moicavs,swvdeba sacrarium/sacraria n sing/pl Lat. samlocve

216
 სარჩევი
lo,ekvderi,eklesiis minaSeni
sacred adj nakurTxi,wminda,gandobili,
sulieri,religiuri,Zvirfasi
Sacred Tree wminda xe
entwined vegetation of a ~ ~ design wmin-
da xis mcenareuli wnulis or-
namenti
~ object siwminde
~ place wminda adgili
~ to miZRvnili vinmesadmi
~vestment mRvdlis saceremonio samo-
si/Semosva
sacredly adv wmindad
sacredness n siwminde
sacrifice n v zvaraki,samsxverplo; samsx-
verplos dakvla
~ altar/place samsxverplo sakurTxeveli
/adgili
ordain ~ msxverplSewirvis daweseba
sacrifecer n qurumi
sacrificial n adj msxverplSewirva,samsxver
plo
~altar warmarTuli samsxverplo
~fire samsxverplo cecxli
~place ~ adgili
sacrilege n mkrexeloba,eklesiis siwmin-
ndeTa Zarcva/xelyofa
commit ~ v mkrexelobis Cadena
sacrilegious adj mkrexeluri
sacring n ZRvenis mitana eklesiaSi,kur-
Txeva,mefis/episkoposis kurTxe-
va/mironcxeba
~ bell zaris rekva amaRlebis dResas-
waulze/wminda ZRvenis mirTmevisas
sacrist n eklesiis meklituri,meWurWle
beri
sacristan n mnaTe,diakvani
sacristry n sadiakvne,eklesiis salaro
sacrosanct n adgili/mefe wminda otive
Seuvali
saddle n unagiri
~ bag xurjini cxenze/virze
~ girth cxenis samkerduli
side ~ qalis unagiri
saddler(see harness) n saraji=unagiris
ostati
sadly adv savalalod,samwuxarod
safe n v adj adv sacavi=seifi; SenarCune
ba ; usafrTxo(d),unaklo=mTeli,sa-
imedo,daculi
~ conduct deed dacvis sigeli
~ intact mTeli=xeluxlebeli(sagani/
217
Zegli)
~ kept sacavSi daculi masala
safeguard n usafrTxoeba
safely adv Tamamad
saffron=Crocus sativus n adj zafrana/zaf-
ranis (sakmazi)
Saffron milkcup=Amanita caesarea Lat n adj
niyvi(s)=keisris soko
sag v momTabareobidan binadar cxovre-
baze gadasvla
sag n adj Salvia officinalis Lat. salbi(s)
sagum n sagum(i)
saiga n niamori,qurciki,saiga
sail(er)(ing)(or) n v n ger n ialqani; naos-
noba zRvaSi; afriani navi; naosno-
ba; mezRvauri
sain(liness) v n dalocva jvriT=naTlis
mofena; wmindanoba
Saint=St(see day,Monday) n wmindani
saint(see life) n adj v wmindani; wminda;
wmindanad kurTxeva(kanonizacia/
Seracxva)
salary n gasamrjelo=xelfasi
salient adj win wamoweuli
~color naTeli/kaSkaSa feri
saline(see salty) adj mlaSe,mwuTxe
salt n adj marili(s)
~ cellar/holder n samarile
Saltire(see Cross) n wm. andrias jvari
salty(see saline) adj mariliani,mlaSe
salvage n v gadarCena,brZolis velze
nadavlis mogroveba=Zarcva
~operation(s) gadarCeniTi samiSao(ebi)
salvation n adj xsna; gadamrCeni,gadarCe-
niTi
salve v xsna
same pron. igive,imave
sth of the ~ sort igivenairi
sameness n msgavseba,Tanxvedra,erTgva-
rovneba
sample n v magaliTi,nimuSi; magaliTis/
nimuSis dasaxeleba(SerCeva
aReba velze)
sanctify v kurTxeva,naTlis mofena
sanctity n siwminde
shrine of ~ siwmindis taZari
sanctuary n taZari,sakurTxeveli,samloc
velo,salocavi
pagan ~ warmarTuli sakurTxeveli/
samlocveli
~ robber baginTmZarcveli
sand n adj qviSa/qviSis
 სარჩევი
coarse ~ msxvilmarcvlovani ~
fine ~ wmindamarcvlovani ~
~ glass qviSis saaTi
~ grain ~ marcvali
~ pit ~ sabado
sandstone(see hassock) n adj qviSaqva/qvis
calcareous ~ kiriani qviSaqva/qvis
sandal n xamli=sandali
sands n pl qviSrobi
sandwich(ed)(ing) v adj ger ori fenis Se-
erTeba Sua=mesame feniT,mibma,da-
kavSireba
sandy adj qviSiani,qviSisferi
Sanhedrin n sinedrioni,brZenTa/uxuces-
Ta sabWo Zv. ierusalimSi
sanitation n wyalgayvaniloba+kanaliza-
cia
sapphire n adj lurji safironi(s)=iagun
di(s)
Saracen n sarkinozi=mahmadiani=arabi
Sarsenet n adj abreSumis sasarCule
sarcophagus/sarcophagi n sing/pl Lat. sar-
kofagi
sardonyx n adj frcxila/frcxilis,sar-
doniqsi(s)
satellite n adj Tanamgzavri, momxre=mimx-
robili,Tanmxlebi
satisfaction n (da)kmayofileba
satisfactorily adv damakmayofileblad
satisfied adj (da)kmayofilebuli
satisfy v (da)kmayofileba,dasjerde rac
gaqvs
~ requirements akmayofilebs/dakmayofi-
leba moTxovnebis/moTxovnilebis
satrapal adj satrapiis
satrapy n satrapia
satter about/over v gabneva
Satur n satiri=favni
saturate(d) v adj gajereba/gajerebuli
Saturday(see Sabbath) n SabaTi=kronosisa
Holy Saturday=Easter Eve didi/vnebis
kviris SabaTi
Saturnalia n pl saturnaliebi
satyr n satiri
saucepan n qvabi
saucer n lambaqi
savage(ry) adj n gareuli=veluri,Seubra
lebeli/Seubralebloba,veluri/velu
roba,pervelyofili=xeluxlebeli
save(d) v adj gadarCena,gadanaxva,Senaxva,
fulis dagroveba ; gadarCenili,
gadanaxuli
218
savery n adj Satureia Lat. qondari
savings n pl danazogi(fuli)
Saviour n mfarveli=RmerTi,macxovari,
ufali
the ~ not made by hands xelTuqmneli
xati
Saviour’s Gate macxovris kari
savory=Satureia n adj qondari/qondris
saw n v aforizmi,xerxi/(da)xerxva
~tooth n xerxis kbili
sawdusts n adj naxerxi(s)
sawn adj daTesili
~ field gazafxulis naTesi
sexton n mnaTe,diakvani,mefsalmune beri
say v Tqma
~ strictly zustad/mkacrad ~
saying n ger gamonaTqvami=frTiani sity-
va; Tqma
it goes without ~ TavisTavad igulisxmeba
scab n liTonis wyluli(qerqi,fufxi)
scabbard n v qarqaSi; qarqaSSi Cageba
scaffold(ing) n arena, eSafoti,xaraCo
scald v (ga)fufqva,(da)fufqva
scaldino/scaldini n sing/pl Lat. keci(gamo-
sacxobad)
scale n ferTa gama/palitra,firfita,
Skala,gadasatani/misadgmeli kibe,
sasworis pina,qereWi,masStabi
~down/up v damcroba,daqveiTeba,Semci-
reba,mateba,zrda
grand/large ~ didi/farTo masStabi(ani)
micro ~ mcire masStabi(ani)
~ of sth farTobi ramisa
on a large(r)/small(er) ~ didi/mcire mas-
StabiT
scales n pl qereWi=qercli/qerqi,saswori
Scales n pl saswori(zodiaqo)
scaliness n xorklianoba
scallop(ed) n adj kbilana,kuwubo; dakbi-
luli,kuwubebiani
scaly adj qerclisebr(i)
scant adj meCxeri,iSviaTi,arasakmarisi,
mcire,mwiri
~evidence mwiri masala
scantiness n simcire,simwire,simeCxere,
ukmarisoba,iSviaToba
~ of finds monapovari masalis simcire/
simwire
scantling n nimuSi.eskizi,sufTad Semok-
vercxili qva
scanty adj mwiri=umniSvnelo raodenob-
is,iSviaTi,meCxeri,arasruli,Raribu
 სარჩევი
li,mcire
~ finds/remains Raribi(mcire/mwiri) mo-
napovari
scapegoat n gantevebis vaci
scar n kvali/nakvalevi,naWrilobevi,
nakli
~ of damage dazianebis kvali
scars n pl nakvalevi
scarab n skarabea
scarce(ly) adj adv iSviaTi; bundovnad,
Zlivs,Znelad
scarcity n iSviaToba,nakleboba,simcire,
ukmarisoba
scarf n mandili,Tavsafari
scatter about v mimofantva
~ over v gafantva,mimofantva,mimobne
va,gabneva
scattered adj mimobneuli,mimofantuli,
calkeuli,mwiri,gafantuli,iSviaTi
~occurance iSviaTi gamoCena
thinly ~ aqa-iq mimobneuli
scene n scena,viTareba,moqmedebis adgi-
li
go/pass from/off the ~ scenidan wasvla,
gaqroba ramis
on the ~ adgilze
scenery n buneba,garemo,xedi
scent n v sunamo,nelsacxebeli,suni,sur-
neli; nelsacxeblis (da)pkureba
~ bottle n sanelsacxeble,nelsacxeb-
lis boTli
scented adj surnelovani,napkurebi
scepter n skiptra
schedule n v adj ganrigi; dagegmva/dageg-
mili
~around sth raRacaze Tanxvedra/damTx-
veva,raRacis mixedviT
scheduled/scheduling adj dagegmili/gaweri
li saqmianoba raime
schematize(d) v adj sqematuri
schema/scheme n sqema
decorative ~ dekoratiuli sqema
schematical(ly) adj adv sqematuri/sqematu-
rad
schematize(d) v adj sqematurad gamosax-
va/sqematizebuli
scheptuchi=scheptoukhi n sing/pl Lat/Gr.
skeptuxi
sceptuchia=skeptoukhia n Lat/Gr skeptuxia
schist n adj Savi fiqali/fiqlis;WaWis
qva/qvis
scholar(cf.scientist) n mecnieri,swavluli,
(humanitarul dargebsi),stipendi-
219
anti(ganurCevlad dargebisa)
~ of international distinction(see greats)
msoflio saxelis mqone swavluli
scholarly adj samecniero,mecnieruli
~ apparatus ~ aparati
~ literature ~ literatura
scholars n pl swavlulni
board of ~ samecniero sabWo
~ for many generations mecnierTa Taobe-
bi
~ have hunted in vain swavlulni amaod
daSvrnen…
scholarship n codna,stipendia,mecnieru-
done,humanitaruli mecnierebebi,
mecniereba,ganaTleba/ganaTlebu-
loba,aRricxvianoba
high/low level of ~ mecnierebis maRali/
dabali done
scholasticus n sqolastikosi
school n skola,mimdinareoba(mag,xelov-
nebaSi,mecnierebaSi)
~ of arts xelovnebis skola
science n mecniereba
sciential adj samecniero
~ experience mecnieruli gamocdileba/
done
~ heritage ~ memkvidreoba
ample ~ ~ mdidari samecniero memk-
vidreoba
scientific adj mecnieruli/samecniero,kvle
viTi
scientist(cf.scholar) n mecnieri(teqnikur
dargebSi)
top ~ wamyvani ~
scimitar n satevari,romelic moklea da
moxrili-iyenebdnen musulmanebi
(ix. iatagani)
scion n naSieri (adamianis)
scissors n pl makrateli
~ with spring zambariani ~
scoop n v cicxvi,xrika,aqandazi,Txra,mo-
poveba
scope(s) n sazRvari=CarCo,monaxazi
beyond ~ raRac scildeba CarCoebs
~of work naSromis CarCo(ebi)
within ~ raRac jdeba CarCoebSi
scorch v dawva,moalva.mowva
scorching adj mwveli,dambugavi
~sun mwveli mze
score v daCxvleta
scores of sth mravali ram (mag.taZari)
scorpio n morieli; isarmtyorcni/saal-
yo manqana
 სარჩევი
scotch n pentva
scourge n faraonis maTraxi
scrap n namsxvrevi,namtvrevi
~ iron n jarTi, lomi(xelsawyo)
not a ~ of… araviTari niSanwyali…
scrape v gatyaveba,dakawvra
~ out v amofxeka,amofxaWna
scraped adj dakawruli,mofxekili
scrapes of sth simcire ramis (mag,masalis)
scrapper(see grattoir) n saxoki,safxeki,xve-
wi
scratch n nakawri
~ out v amokawvra
scratchely adv uxeSad
~ done/made ~ nakeTebi
screech n v moTqma
screed n v baraTi=werili, godeba
screen n v samalavi,Tejiri,ekrani,safa-
ri;gacra,saceri,cxavi,sawuri,daxa-
risxeba
~by partitions datixvra,tixrebiT danawe
vreba raime sivrcis
screw n v Waxraki,xraxni; Caxraxna
scribe v wera
scribe/scripor n mdivani,gadamweri,mwerali
=medaviTne
script(see inscription) n (xel)naweri,warwe-
ra,teqsti,damwerloba
demotic ~ gamartivebuli damwerloba
hieratic ~ ieratiuli ~
liniar ~ xazovani ~
majuscule asomTavruli
minuscule nusxa-xucuri
monumental monumenturi
~ reads(runs as followes/says) warwera iki
Txeba/gvauwyebs…
secular ~ mxedruli damwerloba
Scripture n biblia,saxareba,wminda weri-
li
scroll n adj gragnili,zanuri=zenuri
xvia,xveuli
~ modillion sayrdeni frCxili Senobis
gvirgvinis/lavgardanis qveS
(ornamenti)
scrolls n pl xveulebi(ornamenti)
Scrolls n pl Zveli aRTqmis wignebi
sculp v qvaSi kveTa,gamoqandakeba,
sculped adj nakveTi,naZerwi,skulpturu-
li
sculptor n mZerwavi,moqandake,skulptori
(kaci)
sculpture n v qandakeba,skulpturuli ga-
220
mosaxuleba; (amo)kveTa,gamoqan-
dakeba;Zerwva
small ~ mcire qandakeba
~in the round mrgvali qandakeba
sculptured adj nakveTi=naqandakari
sculptoress n moqandake,mZerwavi,skulp-
tori(qali)
scum(my) n adj minaduRi liTonze; mina-
duRiani
scutcheon n Rerbis fari=mindori
scutum/scuti n sing/pl Lat. skutum(i)
scypus/scypi n sing/pl Lat. skifosi
scythe n v celi,celva
sea n adj zRva; zRvis(a),sazRvao
~ based trade/trading sazRvao vaWroba
~ board n zRvis sanapiro
~ borne sazRvao gadazidva
~ creature zRvis cxoveli
fringe ~ shore Zalian dakbiluli sana
piro zRvisa
~ horse n cxenTevza
landlocked ~ Sida zRva (mag. Savi)
~ lines/ways sazRvao gza
~passage sazRvao gasasvleli/gza
~side n adj adv zRvis sanapiro,zRvis-
pireTi; zRvispira; zRvaze,zRva-
sTan
~ trade n zRvis sarewi
~washes… zRva ekvris/zRvispiri(a)
seafarer n zRvaosani,mezRvauri
seal n v beWedi=damRa,sabeWdavi; beWdis
dasma,amoqolva,dabeWdva,daluqva
dagozva,dafarva,damarxva,gada-
lesva
~cutter sabeWdavis ostati(mkeTebeli)
cylinder ~ cilindruli sabeWdavi
Great Seal saxelmwifo beWedi
~ impression damRis anabeWdi
~legend sabeWdavze datanili teqsti
~ring sabeWdavi beWedi(TiTze wamo-
sacmeli)
stamp ~ sabeWdavi
sealed adj beWeddasmuli,dabeWdil,amo-
qolili,daluquli
sealing n ger sabeWdavi,beWdis dasma
seam(less) n adj nakeri, unakero
search(er)(ing) v n adj ger Zieba,Zebna;
mZebneli; saZiebo
~ and exploration kvleva-Zieba
in ~ of sth raRacis ZebnaSi
season(ed)(ing) n v adj ger weliwadis
dro; sezonuri; kerZis Sekmazva;
 სარჩევი
damwifeba/momwifeba(mag.yvelis),
daRvineba/daRvinebuli,Sekmazuli
seasonal(ity) adj n swzonuri,sezonuroba
seasonings n pl sanelebeli,sakmazi
seat n v dasajdomi adgili,(da)jdoma;
(adgil)samyofeli/mamuli,centri ra-
mis,adgil(mamul)i,kera,savarZeli,tax
ti
~of a prince saufliswulo/sataxto ad-
gili (qalaqi/sofeli)
~of authority xelisuflebis samyofi ad
gili(qalaqi/sofeli)
~ of sth kera/Casaxvis adgili
seated adj damjdari,mjdomare
in a ~ position mjdomare
secco n mSral baTqaSze wylis saReba-
vebiT xatva
seclude(d) v adj ganleqva; ganleqili,kar
Caketili,ganmartoebuli/ganmar-
toebiT
seclusion n karCaketiloba
in ~ karCaketilad
second n num adj wami, meore
~ burying meoradi dakrZalva
~ coming meored mosvla
~ crown=secunda folia meore gvirgvini
secondarily adv meored
~ used meored gamoyenebuli
secondary adj ganmeorebiTi,meorexaris-
xovani,meoradi,naxmari nivTi
~products revolution meoradi produqteb-
is revolucia(cxvari-matyli-Sali)
~ use meoradi gamoyeneba
secondly adv meored, meores mxriv
secrecy n saidumlo(eba),faseuloba
secret n adj saidumlo,faruli
secretariat n samdivno
secretary n (swavluli) mdivani
~ general generaluri mdivani
private ~ piradi ~ sth ~ to continue well raRac kvlav arse-
secretum/secreta n sing/pl Lat. piradi be-
Wedi/damRa Zv.romSi
sectile adj mozaikuri,Sedgenili
section n nawili,Wrili,ganyofileba,seq-
cia
cross ~ ganivi Wrili
in ~ WrilSi
longitudinal ~ grZivi Wroli
~ of sth ramis nawili(mag.WurWlis)
profile ~ gverdiTi ~ ba
sectioned adj nawilebisagan Sedgenili
secular adj saero,erisa,saukuno(ebrivi)=
221
is,rac saukuneSi erTxel xdeba,
eriskaci=saero piri
~ art saero xelovneba
~ education ~ ganaTleba
~ music ~ musika
secure adj v mtkice,sarwmuno,zusti,saime
do; ganaRdeba,uzrunvelyofa,dacva
garmrnt ~ tansacmlis samagri(mag.sak-
inZi)
less/more ~ nakleb/metad daculi
~sth sgainst sth rRacis dacva raRacis-
gan
secured adj daculi,(raime)budeSi Cade-
buli,ganmtkicebuli,ganaRdebuli
securely adv daculad,saimedod,dabeji-
TebiT,uxifaTod
security n daculoba,usafrTxoeba,saime-
dooba
for ~ reasons usafrTxoebis mizniT
need of ~ dacvis/saimedoobis saWiroe-
ba/aucilebloba
sedentary adj damjdari(aramomTabare)
non ~ momTabare cxovreba
~population ~ mosaxleoba
sedentism n damjdari(aramomTabare)cxo-
vreba
sediment(ary) n adj naleqi,Txle; danal-
eqi/danaSrevi
~deposition danaleqi fena
see v danaxva
~ sights daTvaliereba=eqskursia
seed n v Tesli,marcvali,Tesva
+bed n nayofieri niadagi
~gestate mcenaris Rivi
~of discord Surlis saTave/marcvali
seeder(see mill) n adj xvimiri(s)
seek v Zebna,swrafva ramisaken,survili
~afer material masalis Zebna
seem v Cans..,gavs..,TiTqos…
bobs=ganagrZobs arsebobas
seemingly adv albaT,garegnulad,Sesaba-
misad
seer n winaswarmetyveli
segment(al)(ary) n adj nawili,segmenti/seg
menturi
seismic adj seismuri
seismoresistant adj seismomedegi
seize v Cavleba,wavleba,dapyroba,Sepyro-
~power/thron Zalauflebis/taxtis mita
ceba
 სარჩევი
seizure n mitaceba
seldom adv iSviaTad
select(ion)(s) v n adj arCeva,SerCeva,gadar-
Ceva,amorCeva;rCeuli Sromebi
~board mimRebi komisia
~society narCevi sazogadoeba
selected adj arCeuli,SerCeuli,narCevi
~ works rCeuli Sromebi
selective adj SerCeviTi/arCeviTi,gadarCe-
uli
self pref. TviT, Tavad
~ awareness TviTSegneba/SeZleba
~ consciousness TviTSegneba
~disperse TviTgabneva xalxis
~ governance/rule(see autokephaley) TviT
mmarTveloba
~ interest angareba
~ knowledge TviTnaswavli
~ mortify/mortifification TviTmkvleloba/
gvema
~ respect Tavmoyvareoba,Rirsebis
grZnoba
~ sacrifice v Tavis Sewirva/miZRvna
~satisfy TviTkmayofileba
~sentered egocentruli
~ taught TviTnaswavli
sell(see price,slavery) v gayidva
semi pref. naxevar..,naxevrad..,naxevari
~ arid gvalviani,naxevrad udabno
~ cellar naxevradsardafi
~ dissociation naxevraddaSla
~fine Txeli,mSvenieri,naxevrad daxvewi
li
~ finished product namzadi
~ lunar naxevarmTvarisebri
~ mythic naxevradmiTiuri
~ precious maxevradZvirfasi (qva)
~ sircular naxevradwriuli
~ spherical naxevradsferuli
~subterrarian naxevradmiwuri
~ terrarian naxevradmiwuri
~transparent naxevrad gamWvirvale
semified adj ganaxevrebuli
semify v ganaxevreba
seminal adj Canasaxovani
seminary n seminaria
send(er) v n gagzana,gamgzavni
senior(see junior) adj uxucesi,asakiT uf-
rosi
~ artist/painter mxatvarTuxucesi
~ man mamasaxlisi
~ lecturer docenti
222
seniority n asakiT ufrosoba
sense n azri,mniSvneloba,grZnoba,goneba
ganwyoba
in narrow ~ of sth viwro gagebiT
in restricted ~ SezRuduli mniSvnelo-
biT
in some ~ raRac mniSvnelobiT
in the strict ~ zusti/pirdapiri mniSvne
lobiT
~ of age siZvelis grZnoba
senseless adj ugunuri
sensibility n grZnoba,SegrZneba
religious ~ religiuri grZnoba
sentence n v winadadeba,kodeqsis muxli;
sasjelis misja sasamarTloSi
~ sb to death sikvdilis misja
sentenced adj is, visac misjili aqvs=
msjavrdebuli
sentinel n mecixovne
separate v adj dayofa,danawevreba,gayofa
gancalkeveba,dacalkeveba,ganawi-
leba; kerZo,erTeuli,sxvadasxva,
calke(uli)
~ from v gamocalkeveba
separated adj gamocalkevebuli,dayofi-
li,danawevrebuli,dacalkevebuli
separately adv dafantulad,gancalkeve-
biT,cal-calke
September n seqtemberi=sTulisai=axal-
wlisa/enkenisTve
septemvir/septemviri n sing/pl Lat. septemvi-
ri
sepulchral adj samariseburi
sepulchre n akldama
sequence n (Tan)mimdevroba/mimdevrulo-
ba,fena WrilSi
a master ~ sanimuSo Tanmimdevroba
~of deposition fenebis Tanmimdevroba
sequential adj momdevno
sequentially adv TanmimdevrobiT
serenity n haeris sisufTave,gamwvirvale-
ba,sinaTle
serf n yma
~ servant n Sinayma
serfdom n batonymoba
abolish ~ batonymobis gauqmeba
serial n seria
sericulture n meabreSumeoba
series(see publication) n no sing. seria/se-
riebi,rigi,Tanmimdevroba
~ of… erToblioba,rigi,wyeba
~ ~ borders arSiebis wyeba
 სარჩევი
~ ~ level platforms baqanTa rigi/wyeba
sermon n qadageba
serpent n adj gveli,boroti,moRalate,Su
riani
serpentine n adj gvela ; daklaknili
serrated adj dakbiluli,kbilebiani
sertificate n cnoba=sabuTi,mowmoba,ates-
tati
servant n Sinamosamsaxure(kaci)
~ of a Devil eSmakis msaxuri,eSmakeuli
sivil ~ saxelmwifo moxele
serve v sufris gawyoba,momsaxureba; sa-
xelmwifo/jarSi samsaxuri,(mRvdel)
msaxureba,morCileba,gamoyeneba
~as sth gamoiyeneba rogorc..,asrulebs
raRac funqcias…
~in war brZola omSi
~out the term arCevnebis Sedegad mopov-
ebuli vadis dasruleba
~some purpose emsaxureba raRac mizans
aqvs raRac daniSnuleba
served adj gawyobili,mirTmeuli
poorly/well ~ masala/sakiTxi cudad/kar-
gad gamokvleuli
service n saxelmwifo samsaxuri,mRvdel-
msaxureba=liturgia,wirva…
in ~ samsaxurSi
~ rent SromiTi begara
render in ~ samsaxuris gaweva
thanksgiving ~ samadlobeli wirva/
locva
serviceable adj gamZle,gamarTuli,mtkice,
sasargeblo,yuradRebiani
serviceberry=Sambukus spp. Lat. n adj anw-
li(s)
services n pl samsaxuri,momsaxureba
servility n qedmoxra vinmes winaSe
session n sxdoma,sesia
sestertius n sesterciusi
set n v adj nakrebi/wyvili sagnebisa;
dadgma/dadgmuli,dadgena/dadge-
nili; samarxeuli masala
~about v Seteva
~aside v gverdze gadadeba/gadaweva
~ ~ some place adgilis gamoyofa
ramisTvis
~ free v gadavisufleba vinmesi
~ in v budeSi/CarCoSi Casma
~ into/onto v Cadgma,Casma,dadgma/dadeba,
moTavseba
~of armour sabrZolo aRWurviloba
~of steps kibe, kibis ujredi
223
~symbols simboloTa wyeba/nakrebi
~off to some place gaemarTo/gaeSuro
sadme
~on v dadgma/dasma,miZerwva ramisa
rameze
~on fire v (ga)dawva
~out at the head saTaveSi Cadgoma
~up v mowyoba,Camoyalibeba,SemuSaveba
teqstis akrefa,iatakis(saxuravis/
warmoebis) gamarTva,Zeglis aRmar
Tva,dadgma/dayeneba ramis
~ with v TvlebiT Semkoba/Semkuli
setback v n dacema=dakleba,Seyovneba,uk-
an daxeva,warumatebloba
weather ~ gadatana/gaZleba raime sir-
Tulis
setting n beWdis Tvalbude,xatis moWedi-
loba,viTareba,garemo,agebuleba,Ca-
co,garemo,mxatvruli gaformeba,
mzis Casvla,wyoba,momoxilva
historical ~ istoriuli viTareba/CarCo
settle v dasaxleba,dafuZneba,damkvidreba
Casaxleba,gadawyveta,mogvareba
~ a problem sakiTxis mogvareba
settled adj binadruli,dasaxlebuli,mog-
varebuli
~ life damjdari cxovreba
settlement n nasadgomari,nasaxlari,namo-
saxlari,sacxovrebeli,dasaxleba
~ mound goranamosaxlari
nodal ~ mTavari/centraluri ~
specialized ~ specializebuli dasax-
leba(mag.mesaqonleTa)
sub ~ n Tanadasaxleba
two/three…tiered ~ ori/sam...feniani ~
settler n binadari,mosaxle,mcxovrebi
settling(see temporal) n dasaxleba,samosax-
lo,mdebareoba
~ site sadgomi
severe(ly) adj adv mkacri/mkacrad,mZvinva-
re(d),daudobeli/daundoblad
severeness n simkacre
sew in(cf. cast on) v naWris Cakereba
sewer(age) n kanalizacia,sakanalizacio
mili/arxi,naxmari wylis sadinari
~facilities kanalizaciis gayvaniloba/
mowyobiloba
sewn adj nakeri=Sekerili
shackle n borkili
shade n v Crdili; CrdilSi moqceva,da-
Strixva,daCrdilva,moCrdilva,mo-
fareba ; Crdili naxatze
~ of colours ferTa gama=palitra
 სარჩევი
shadoof n owinari
shadow n adj (a)Crdili,Crdilovani
shadowy adj bundovani,bneli,saSineli
shaffle=shaffle-bit n ulagmo aRviri
shaft n yunwi,sakvamuri,satare Sverili,
rkali,lilvi=RerZi,boZi,saxeluri,
tani/Rero svetis/xis, Wauri,tari
~ bow ukurkali
~holed gaxvretilrkaliani
~ of light sinaTlis sveti,sxivTa kona
~straightener taris gamsworebeli
~ top n saxeluris/taris Tavi
shake v (Se)ryeva,moryeva,rxeva
~ hands xelis CamorTmeva
~ to the foundation Zirfesvianad SeZvra
vinmesi/ramisa
~up aRelveba/mRelvareba,SenjRreva
in the ~ up mRelvarebisas
shaken adj moryeuli,SeZruli
shale n adj Tixa-fiqali/fiqlis,bze/bzis
shallow(ed) adj fuye,futuro,Rru(iani),
wyalmarCxi,Txeli,Txelkedliani,
zedapiruli,SezRuduli
~ gully=shallowness mSralxevi
~relief dabali relief(ornementi)
~ water TavTxeli
shaman(istic) n adj Samani,Samanuri
shame(ful)(less) n adj sircxvili; samarcx
vino,usircxvilo
shank n damdnari liTonis Camosasxme-
li cicxvi,kovzis tari,RerZi, tani
shape n v ieri/iersaxe,saxeoba,forma;
ageba,Seqmna,Camoyalibeba,Camoqna,ga-
mikveTa,gamoTla,formis gamoyvana
angular ~ kuTxovani forma
in ~=in the ~ of… formiT/saxiT…
shaped(see casting) adj Camosxmuli=Camoq-
nili,raime formis mqone ram,
~ by hammering kverviT gamiyvanili
~ outline formamicemuli
~up v gamokveTa,Camoyalibeba,saTana-
do formis micema
shaping ger formis micema/Camoqna
shapeless adj usaxuri,uformo
shard=sherd n Tixis WurWlis natexi/
framenti
share n v adj wili=arCivi; gaziareba,
uwilado vinmes rame;kuTvnili
gadaReba/mibaZva
~ by v gaziareba (ara grZnobis)
~ features/traits with… raRacenaTesaveba
raRacas raime niSnebiT
224
~ holder n mewile=wilis mflobeli
~ of plough guTnis piri
~ sth with sb uwilado=gauziaro; raime
saziaro vinmesTan
~ sth with sth raRaciT gavs(mogvagonebs,
imeorebs)
shared adj raRac saerTo sargeblobisT
vis,gaziarebuli,gadaReba,mibaZva
shares n pl duqardi=cxvris saparsi mak-
rateli; samedicino makrateli
Sharia n SariaTi
sharp adj basri,wamaxuli,wvetiani,maxvi-
li,mZafri,wvrili,mkveTri
~ break moulodneli(swrafi/ucabedi)
wyvetili
~ nose wvetiani cxviri
sharpen(ed)(see nose) v adj wamaxva/wamaxu
li,(g)alesili=mopiruli,fanqris
ris gaTla,wawveteba/wawvetebuli
~focus gamkveTreba,miznis gamokveTa,
yuradRebis gamaxvileba
sharply adv aSkarad,mkveTrad,Zlier
sharpness n sakiTxis simwvave,sagnis si-
maxvile
shatter(ed) n v adj natexi; wvrilad dams
xvreva/damsxvreuli,ganadgureba,
mongreva,ngreva,Semusvra
sheaf n kona,Sekvra,xeleuri
shear of/off v Camocileba
~ some features raime niSnis dakargva
sheath(ing) n bude, garsakravi, tyavis
qarqaSi,qvebiTgakeTebuli damca-
vi yrili
shed(see chaff) n v farduli,Srameli;
kbilis cveTa,gadarCena=dacva
~ light on/upon naTelis mofena sakiTxze
sheen v adj brwyinva,bzinva; mbrwyinavi/
mbzinavi,mSvenieri,kriali
mirror-like ~ sarkisebri kriali
silvery ~ vercxlisebri ~
sheep n no pl cxvari
~ dog n nagazi=mecxvaris ZaRli
fatty-tailed ~ dumiani cxvari
~ fold n farexi
lost ~ dakarguli kravi
moufflon ~ arxari=gareuli cxvari
~ rearing mecxvareoba
~ skin n adj cxvris tyavi(s)
~ ~ coat n tyapuWi
steatopygous ~ dumiani cxvari
sheer adj namdvili,sruli,WeSmariti
~ravine cicabo xrami
 სარჩევი

sheet n firfita,furceli/furclovani ~ buckle n fexsacmlis abzindi

hammer into ~ CaquCiT furclad gabr ~ maker n meCeqme,mewaRe
tyeleba soled ~ qusliani fexsacmeli
~ like adj firfitisebri,furclovani ~ string n fexsacmlis Tasma
shelf n Taro ~ with long sharp tip/toe Wvintiani fex-
shell(see rock) n v garsi,naWuWi,niJara,kus sacmeli
javSani,Senobis ConCxi ; darCeva=gaf- ~with upturned toes Wvintiani ~
cqvna shoot n v ylorti; srola,tyorcna
~ of well gvimi(Waze) soots n pl mcenaris aRmonaceni/jejili
shelled adj gafcqvnili,naWuWgaclili shop n v maRazia,saxelosno; vaWroba=
shellfish n kibos msgavsi moluski yidva
shelter n v (TavSe)safari,farduli,mRvi- work ~ n saxelosno
me,Cardaxi; dafarva,mofareba,Zeglis shopping ger vaWroba=yidva
dacva velze ~ area adgili,sadac vaWroben
rock ~ kldis Sverili=TavSesafari shore(see ashore) n zRvis sanapiro/napiri
sheltered adj dafaruli,daculi,Sefare- along the ~ zRvis gayolebiT/sanapi-
buli roze
Shepherd n v mfarveli=mwyemsi=RmerTi; ~ line sanapiro zoli
mwyemsva on the ~ sanapiroze
Good ~ (the) mwyemsi=RmerTi/ieso short adj mokle sagani,dabali adamiani,
shepherd(ess) n ~ kaci/qali xanmokle ram
sherd=shred n qsovilis nagleji,WinWi be ~ of sth ramis nakleboba
shield n v fari,dacva,mofareba,Tavidan ~ hand manual mokle cnobari
acileba ~ handled mokletariani
~ bands faris garsakravi ~ haired/wool mokle Tmiani/matyliani
field of ~ faris mindori in ~ mokled
~ like adj farisebri in ~ order mokle xanSi
shift(ing) v adj gadaadgileba,ganawileba; ~ lived/term dRemokle,xanmokle(oba),
cvalebadi,gadasvla,gadanacvle- aramudmivi
leba,cvlileba ~reign xanmokle mefoba
associated ~ urTierTdakavSirebuli shortage n nakleboba,simcire
gadanacvleba/cvlileba shorten(ed) v adj damokleba/damokebuli,
plate ~ teqtonikuri filebis gadaad- Semokleba/Semoklebuli
gileba shortline n mokle manZili
Shiite=Shia n adj Siiti shortly adv mokled
shin n wvivi ~ after adv maSinve,sul male,ramis das
shine n v brwyinva(le),elvareba,naTeba, rulebisTanave
priali shortness n simokle
high/low ~ Zalze/nakleb priala shot v n (ga)srola, abreSumis elvareba
shingle n adj nariyi=nariyali,kenWi/kenWo should v unda, valdebuleba
vani,yavari/yavris shoulder n mxari(adamianis,cxovelis,Wur-
shingly adj kenWebiT mofenili Wlis)
~ pavement kenWebis/kenWovani safeni ~ bag xurjini
ship(ing) n v ger gemi,gemiT naosnoba drooping ~ daqanebuli mxari adamianis
shipment(s) v n saqoneli,tvirTi,tvirT- sloping ~ ~ ~ (WurWlis)
zidva ~ to ~ mxardamxar
shipyard n gemsaSeni
wide ~ ganieri ~ ~
shirt n perangi,axaluxi
shovel n v aqandazi,niCabi,yoSi; dagva,mig
~ front n gulispiri roveba,mixveta
shoe n v adj fexsacmeli,fexsacmlis ~ out v gamogva,gamoxveta
kalapoti,cxenis nail,buni(ki); cxo- show n v sanaxaob=warmodgena; Cveneba,
velis daWedva; saqusle gamofena

225
 სარჩევი

~ assymption/opinion adasturebs mosaz- on/over ~ gverdiT/gverdze

rebas sharply carinated ~ WurWlis gverdi
~ case n muzeumis vitrina mkveTri wiboTi
~front-on wina planze(Cveneba/gamosaxva) unribbed WurWlis uwiboo gverdi
~ piece/place RirsSesaniSnaoba ~ wise adv gverdulad
on ~ gamofenaze/Cvenebaze sided adj gverdiani
~ the links with… amJRavnebs kavSirs… one/two… ~ erT/or... gverdiani
shower n Sxapi,Sxapuna wvima sideline n gverdiTi xazi
showiness of sth TvalSisacemi ram sidescraper n safxeki
showy adj TvalSisacemi,myvirala,ugemo- siege n v adj alya; alyis Semortyma,qa-
no,brwyinvale,araCveulebrivi laqze Semowyoba; saalyo
shrewd adj gamWriaxi,fxizeli,angariSi- ~ engines/works saalyo nageboba/manqa-
ani,praqtikuli nebi
shrine v sakurTxeveli,savane,taZari,Zval lay ~ to castle/town alyis Semortyma,
Sesalagi,kidobani,gansasvenebeli, alyaSi moqceva
wminda nawilebis Sesanaxi WurWe- siegecraft n saalyo manqanebi/mowyobilo-
li=sanawile,sakulto adgili,sam bebi
locvelo,cela,luskuma,akldama, siene n v bade, badiT Tevzaoba
peak ~ (Crete) mTavari taZari kretaze sienna(see ochre) n adj oqra/oqris
(ix. high palace) sieve n v saceri, (ga)cra,cxavi/gacxaveba
shrink v zomasi Semcireba/Sedgoma sift(ed)(er)(ings) v adj n; n pl (ga)cxaveba/
Shroud (the) n xelTuqmneli xati cra,(ga)cxavebuli/crili; cxavi;
Shroud of Christ gardamoxsna –tilo natesi=yana
shroud n sudara sight n v mxedveloba,Tvalsawieri,sana-
Shrove Tuesday didmarxvis wina dRe xaoba,RirsSesanisnaoba; mizanSi
shrub n (xe) buCqi, jagi amoReba
shut v daketva/daketili,Caketva/Caketi- in ~ adv Tvalsawierze
Caketv/Caketili,daxurva/daxuruli lose ~ of the fact mxedvelobidan gamorCe
shuttle(see spool) n maqo na
shatter n daraba take a ~ mizanSi amoReba
shuttering ger darabebiT dafarva sightman/woman n eqskursiamZRoli
timber ~ xis daraba sightsee(ing) v ger RirsSesaniSnaobaTa
shy adj mokrZalebuli,morcxvi daTvaliereba
sicken v avad gaxdoma raime daavadebiT sigil n okulturi niSani
sickle n namgali sigmate adj rvianis formis
~ bush/inset namglis CasarTi sign(see signature) n v niSani=winaTgrZno
~ like adj namglisebri ba,saswauli,kvali,ramis momaswavebe-
siclos=siclus n siklosi li niSani,xelrTva ; xelis mowera
sick(ness) adj n avadmyofi/avadmyofoba, raime sabuTze
sneuli/sneuleba ~ of Cross pirjvari=pirjvris gadawe-
sickle n namgali liTonis/qvis ra
side n gverdi,zedapiri,zRvari,WurWlis ~ of use/work xmarebis kvali
kalTa/gverdi signed adj xelmowerili
all/every ~ yvela/TiToeuli gverdi ~ and sealed xelmowerili da beWed-
along ~ gverds gasdevs dasmuli raime sabuTi
~ by side gverdi-gverd,erTmaneTis signal n v niSani;miniSneba,miTiTeba,Cve-
gverdiT neba,moswavebs/momaswavebeli
carinated inverted ~ wiboiani gverdi signature n niSani,xelrTva
from the ~ of sb vinmes mxridan signet n sabeWdavi
~notched adj gverdCacelili ~ ring ~ beWedi
on each ~ TiToeuli ~ significance n mniSvneloba,Rirebuleba,da
~on rendering gverdiTi xedi daniSnuleba=saxe

226
 სარჩევი
accord ~ Seesabameba mniSvnelobas
assume ~ gamoxatavs daniSnulebas/
mniSvnelobas
cultic ~ sakulto mniSvneloba
paramount ~ udidesi mniSvneloba
significant adj RirsSesaniSnavi,rCeuli,
mWevrmetyveli,TvalSisacemi,Tval-
saCino,niSandoblivi,mniSvnelovani
gamorCeuli,STambeWdavi,mkveTri,sa
grZnobi,gamorCeuli
~ for damaxasiaTebeli vinmesTvis/ramis
Tvis
highly ~ for…Zalze mniSvnelovani,uaR-
resad damaxasiaTebeli
in ~ number garkveuli raodenobiT
less/more ~ nakleb/metad mniSvnelova
ni
on a ~ scale sagrZnobi masStabiT
significantly adv sagrZnoblad,TvalsaCi-
nod,gamorCeulad,TvalSisacemad,
mkveTrad,mniSvnelovnad,gacilebiT
signify v gamoxatva,niSnavs,miuTiTebs
signature(see sign) n xelrTva=faqsimile
put one’s ~ xelis mowera
silence n v mdumareba,siCume,miCumaTeba
silent adj mdumare,Cumi
silhouette n silueti
silica n adj kaJmiwa/miwis
silicious=siliceous n adj kaJis Semcveli,kaJi
silicon-mine-working n kaJis iaraRis saxe-
losno
silk(en)(worm) n adj abreSumi(s)/abreSumi-
viT; abreSumis Wia
Silk Road/Route abreSumis gza
silt(see slime) n v adj niaRvari,sila,(S)la
mi(s); dalamva=mosilva; naRvarevi,
~ torrent naRvarevi
silted adj dalamuli,mosiluli
silver n adj v vercxli(s); movercxvla
~ bullion vercxlis zodi
~glance=sulfide vercxlis sulfidi
horn ~ =chloride ~ qloridi
~jewellery ~ samkauli
~ plate v movercxvla
~smith(ary) n vercxlmWedeli/mWedloba
~ thread n adj vercxlmkedi(s)
~ ware n vercxlis WurWeli
~ work n ~ nivTebi/samkauli
~ woven adj mosirmuli vercxliT
silvered adj movercxlili
sima/simae(see drain-pipe,gutter) n sing/pl
Gr. nivTis warbi(qusli/Rari)
227
(ornamenti) ; wyalsawreti
similar adj (erTmaneTis)msgavsi,erTnairi,
igive
~ in sth raRaciT msgavsi
similarity n msgavseba
sth has many points of ~ with sth raRac
mravali NniSniT gavs raRacas
simple adj sada,martivi,ubralo,arasru-
li,mokrZalebuli
simplicity n simartive,siadvile,sisadave,
ubraloeba
simplification n gamartiveba
simplified adj gaadvilebuli,gamartivebu-
li
simplify v gaadvileba,gamartiveba
simply adv advilad,martivad,sadad,ub-
ralod
~ moulded martivad nakveTi/naZerwi
simultaneous(ly)(ness) adj adv n (Tana)
drouli/droulad/drouloba,
amav/imavdroulad
sin(er) n v adj codva, codvis Cadena=Se-
codeba ;codvili=Semcode,Secdomili
~ ful adj codvili=Secdomili
~ offerimg zvaraki
venial ~ sapatiebeli codva
since pron/adv radgan(ac),ramdenadac,Tu;
mas Semdeg,rac.., iqidan moyolebuli
~ that time im droidan,mas Semdeg
sincipital adj Txemis(a)(Tavis qalaze)
sinciput n Txemi (Tavis qalasi)
sinergy n erToblioba=sinergia
sing(see song) v (si)mRera
~ hymns v galoba
single adj erTiani,erTmagi,erTaderTi,mar
to(xela),mxolodSobili,calkeuli,
erTaderTi,erTeuli,saerTo
~ bladed calpira,calfxiani
~ cemetery samarxi (erTi)
every ~ TiToeuli
~ finding erTaderTi monapovari
~ out v calke gamoyofa,gamocalkeveba
~roomed erToTaxiani
singly adv marto,mxolod,calke
singular adj mxolobiTi,gansakuTrebuli
in ~ uCveulo
sth ~ raRac gamonaklisi,uCveulo,gan-
sakuTrebuli
singularly adv damaxasiaTeblad,uCveul-
od,ucnaurad
sink v daZirva,CaZirva,Cangreva,Camongre-
eva,Cawola(fenis)
 სარჩევი

~ into v Cafloba skein n Zafis gorgali

~to a depth of N m N metrze Cadgmuli
miwaSi
sinker n saZiravi
sinuous adj (da)grexili mag.vazi;areuli
~profile=cuma recta curve grexili bati-
yela
siren n niSani=signali
sirens n pl sirenebi
sit(see set) v (da)jdoma
~ on stand dasma raime sadgarze/fexze
~with sth Tanaarseboba
site n qveynis kuTxe/mxare,arqeologiuri
Zegli,adgili,mdebareoba
~excavator n Zeglis gamTxreli
extent of the ~ Zeglis gavrcelebis
farTobi
habitation ~ dasaxlebuli,sacxovrebe-
li,namosaxlari
in/on the ~ Zeglze
inland ~ Zegli qveynis Sida raionebSi
key ~ ganmsazRvreli(ZiriTdi/wamyvani
mTavari) Zegli
~museum mxareTmcodneobis muzeumi
~of ancient settlement zRudari
~ ~ ~ town naqalaqari
out of ~ Zeglis(teritoriis)gareT
~plan situaciuri gegma
~specific ZeglisTvis vargisi/damaxasi-
AaTebeli
type ~ tipiuri/sanimuSo Zegli
vulnerable ~ mowyvladi/gadasarCeni ~
sitter n mxatvris natura
sitting adj mjdomare,mjdomi,Semjdari
situate(d) v adj ganlageba,moTavseba; gan-
lagebuli,mdebare,moTavsebuli
situation(s) n viTareba,mdgomareoba; gare-
moebani
~ is as followes ~ ~ aseTia…
situla/situlae n sing/pl Lat. fiTxi,zondi,
CamCa,qvabqoTana,sasmisi,vedro,ken-
Wis Casayreli WurWeli(arCevnebi
sas), situla
six party adj eqvsmxrivi
sizable adj Sesabamisi,mniSvnelovani,moz-
rdili
size n zoma,sidide
daunting ~ Zalian didi zomis
~deformity moculobiTi deformacia
in ~ with… zomiT...…
~of… zoma/raodenoba ramis
surpassing in ~ sWarbobs zomiT
skeletal adj ConCxisa
~ remains ConCxis narCenebi
skeleton n adamianis ConCxi
crouched ~ mokrunCxuli ~
damaged ~ dazianebuli ~
diarticulated ~ areuli/danawevrebuli ~
fractional ~ arasruli=nakluli ~
~ in a contracted position kidurebmoxrili
~ lying ~ mwolare…
~ ~ on the side ~ gverdze ~
~ ~ ~ back(wards)/supine zurgze/piraR
ma ~
~ ~ with face down(wards)/prone ~ pirqve
~ ~ ~ bent/flexed legs ~ muxlebSi mox-
rili fexebiT ~
~ ~ ~ crouched/curved extremities ~
xel-fexmokecili/mokrunCxuli ~
~ ~ ~ legs crouched ~ muxlebsa da
barZaySi moxrili fexebiT ~
~ ~ ~ head oriented towards… damxro-
bili TaviT ……ken
~ ~ ~ stretched extremities ~ xel-fex-
gamarTuli ~
partial ~ arasruli ~
skeptouhoi n Gr. skeptuxia
sketch n namzadi,Canaxazi,Canaxati,eskizi
~ location situaciuri gegma
working ~ samuSao naxazi
sketchiness n simcire,sqematuroba,aras-
ruloba,zereloba,arasrulyofi-
leba,zedapiruloba
sketchy adj zerele,sqematuri,arasrulyo
fili,mwiri,mcire,bundovani
skew v damaxinjeba,gadaxra
skew adj dabrecili,mobrecili
skewback n kamaris qusli
skilful adj daxelovnebuli
~ fingers oqros xelebi
skill n niWi,unari,xelovaneba,xeloba,mid-
rekileba,specialisti,ostati,osta-
toba,gawafuloba,Seqmnis xelovane-
ba,codna,keTebis unary
~passes on from sb to sb codna/xeloba
gadadis mamidan/dedidan Svilze
skilful(ly) adj adv ostaturi/ostaturad
skilled adj gawafuli=mowifuli ostati,
niWieri,daxelovnebuli,mcodne,
xelgawafuli,profesionali
~ craftsmanship daxvewili ostatoba
~ in doing sth gawafuli raRacis keTe-
baSi

228
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skills n unari,niWi moqnileba

skimmer n sadRvebeli slide v miwis/fenis Camocureba/Camowola
skin n adj kani(s) ~ rails for rolling in/out nalo(ebi)
skinking weed n adj (m)yrala balaxi(s) slight(ly) adj adv mwiri(mag.codna),odnavi,
skintight adj tanze momdgari samosi mcire,umniSvnelo,odnavi; odnav,
skirt n kalTa,kabis bolo(Sleifi),bo ramdenadme
lo/qveda kaba slim adj wvrili,Txeli,natifi,Camoqnili
folded ~ kalTiani kaba slime(see silt) n adj Slami(s);SlamiT da-
pleated ~ nakecebiani ~ ~ farva
skull n Tavis qala sline adj gangmiruli
~ cap n ebraelTa qudi sling n Surduli Tokze gamobmuli qviT
skunk n Mephitis Lat. myrala=skunsi(cx) ~(round/sphere)stone Surdulis qva
sky n adj (ze)ca, cis slingshot n v Surduli; tyorcna
in the ~ (ze)caSi slip n adj v laki(ani),wernaqi(ani); miwis/
skyphoi n Gr. skifosi fenis Camowola/Camocureba,mowerna-
slab n qvis fila,ficari,nagverduli, qeba,lakiT dafarva; Tixis WurWlis
dafa,nawili,samarxis gadasaxu- zedapiris damuSaveba wyliT,an sxva
ravi qva siTxiT
mud ~ alizis/talaxis fila dip in(to) a ~ mowernaqeba
~ of territory teritoriis nawili slipped adj mowernaqebuli
part-hole ~ samarxis gadasaxuravi fi- slope n daRmarTi,Tavqve,ferdobi,dafer-
la SuaSi xvreliT deba/ferdi,xrami,daxriloba,qanobi,
septal ~ gamyofi fila samarxSi daxra,pandusi
slack v Caqroba ~ side n qanobi
slag n adj wida/widis,juRa,namwvi sloping n adj ferdi; damreci,daxrili,da
slain adj mokvdinebuli ferdebuli,daqanebuli
slam sb for alleged ties gamoaSkaraveba… gently ~ odnav daqanebuli
slanting n adj adv daqaneba; cal mxares ~ ramp damreci Sesasvleli
daxrili ram,damreci,daqanebuli, sharply ~ cicabo,Zalze daqanebuli
iribi; iribad ~ sided kalTebdaqanebuli
slantwise adv iribad,cerad ~ surface daxrili zedapiri
slash-burn area saaxoe slot n v Rari,sagnis warbi,naribandi=na-
~ clearing axo rimandi; daRarva,Raris gakeTeba
~ cultivation saaxoe meurneoba saganze,mkveTara,gamomwyvdeva,ur-
duliT Caketva ramis
slashing adj mWreli
slow(ly) v adj adv Seneleba; neli,CamorCe
slat n lartya
nili; neli; nela
slate n adj Siferi(s)
~ down v Seneleba,Seyovneba,Seferxeba
~ pencil grifeli
slump v kleba,Semcireba
slaughter n ganadgureba,dakvla,xocva-
~in number mcire/naklebi raodenobiT
Jleta
sly adj wvrili
slave n mona
small adj mcire,wvrili,moculobiT pa-
slavery=slaving n tyveoba
tara
debt ~ monoba
~ dimension/size mcire zomis
sell into ~ monad/tyved gayidva
~ figured mcirefiguruli
salavishly adv monurad,morCilad,minbaZve
~ scale mciremasStabiani
lad
~ ~ pieces wvrili namsxvrevebi
~copied brmad gadmoReba ramis/mibaZva
~ valley tafobi
slay v gangmirva,mokvdineba
~ volume mcire moculobis
sledge n marxili,uro
smash(ed) v adj damsxvreva/damsxvreuli,
sleeve n saxelo
Semusvra/Semusruli,ganadgureba/
slender(ness) adj n sifrifana,Txeli,Ca-
ganadgurebuli,areva/areuli,aze-
moqnili,wvrili,mwiri(masala); Ca-
lva/azelili

229
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smear v xsnariT gadalesva; gazeTva soak v gaJRenTva/dalboba(Calboba) siT-

smelt(ed) v adj gadadnoba/gadamdna- xiT
ri,dadnoba/damdnari,dnoba,lRoba soapstone n adj talki(s)
smelting n ger nadnobi,sxmuli,gamodnoba soaring adj molivlive
by ~ gamodnobiT sobering adj tavSekavebuli, frTxili
~ house samsxmelo saxelosno social adj sazogadoebrivi,yofiTi,soci-
smeltry n sadnobi ~ aluri,yofiTi,saero
Smilax,acis n adj ekala(si) ~ sciencies sazogadoebrivi mecniere-
smithy n samWedlo,liTonis sadnobi bani
smiting position damarcxebulis mdgomare- ~standing socialuri mdgomareoba
oba ~ status sazogadoebrivi mdgomareoba
smoke n v boli,kvamli;Sebolva,TuTu- ~ structure sazogadoebis Semadgenloba
nis moweva society n sazogadoeba
~ coloured adj dabinduli,bolisferi bond the ~ saz-is Sekvra/SekavSireba
smoky adj kvamla (feri) friendly ~ of persons coming from same
smooth adj v sarkisebri,mosarkuli,glu- country saTvistomo
vi,mwyobri,datkepnili; mogluveba, learned ~ swavlulTa sazogadoeba
mosworeba mingle/move in ~ sazogadoebaSi triali
smoothly adv mdored state-level ~ saxelmwifoebriv donemde
smoothing ger mogluveba ganviTarebuli sazogadoeba
smoothness n sigluve,sinarnare stratification in ~ sazogadoebis fenebad
smuggle(ing) v ger kontrabandistoba dayofa
smulty adj gamuruli stratified ~ klasobrivi sazogadoeba
smutty adj gaWvartluli upper ranks of ~ sazogadoebis zeda fe-
snake n gveli nebi
~ face gvelsaxe socioeconomic adj social-ekonomiuri
~ headed gvelis Taviani sociopolitaical adj socialpolitikuri
snaky adj gvelisebr daklaknili socket n bude,masra,kbilis/Tvalis foso
snap n v Cixi,kbena,kbilis Cavleba,vin- socle n zeZirkveli,cokoli
mes daWera=xelis taceba,saqmis sodden adj nestiani
naCqarevad keTeba soffit n Ital. sofiti
cold ~ swrafi aciveba ~ with coffers kesonebiani ~
~into sth dapataraveba,Semcireba ~ with fleuron coffer sofiti yvaviliani/
~shot of sth (wamieri) gaelveba yvavilisebri kesoniT
sneak adj faruli soft adj v rbili; darbileba,Serbileba
~attack ~ Seteva/Tavdasxma soften v darbileba
snipper n nagleji/nawyveti masalis/inf- softness n sirbile,sinaze
ormaciis softstone n adj rbili qva/qvis
snout n dingi soil n niadagi,miwa,grunti
snow n Tovli alluvial/deposit ~ nariyi niadagi
~ ball n adj Viburnum nodum Lat. TeTri barren(sterile/useless) ~ berwi/unayofo ~
Zaxveli bushy/shraby ~ eweri ~
~ leopard jiqi clay/loam ~ ayalo ~
~ shoe n Txilamuri clayey ~ Tixnari ~
so adv ase,ase rom..,amrigad… colluvial ~ aluviuri
~ as ise,TiTqos... crumbly ~ fxvieri ~
~ -and-so es da es exhausted ~ gamofituli ~
~ called egreTwodebuli=e.w. fat/fruitful ~ noyieri ~
~ far amdenad, ramdenadac gungry ~ gamofituli/mwiri ~
~ so is era...… limestone ~ kiriani ~
~ that ise,rom/rogorv not dug ~ uZravi ~
~ to say ase vTqvaT… top ~ miwis zeda fena/zedapiri

230
 სარჩევი

virgin(al) ~ yadimi ~ where pron. sadme,sadRac

wetland notion/wyliani ~ son n vaJi(Svili)
solar adj mzisa,solaruli sondage n adj dazverva,sadazvervo
solder(ed) v adj miduReba/miduRebuli,Se- ~ trench sadazvervo Txrili
duRebs/SeduRebuli,daduReba/da- song(see sing) n simRera
duRebuli,rcilva,damoqloneba/da- ~ bird mgalobeli Citi
moqlonebuli ~ of liturgy Jamis wirva
~ on v darCilva/darCiluli soon adv male
soldering n minaduRi/narCili liTonze ~ after(words) male raRacis Semdeg
soldier(see warrior) n meomari,jariskaci soot n muri,Wvartli
cavalry ~ cxenosani ~ soothsayer n grZneuli(vinme),mkiTxavi
~ on foot fexosani ~ sophisticate(d)(ion) v adj n daxvewa; rTu-
soldiering n samxedro saqme li,daxvewili,mdidruli,SesaniS-
sole n adj fexisguli,lanCa,fexsacmlis navi;daxvewiloba,mdidruloba,si-
qusli; erTiani,erTaderTi,kenti,gan- rTule,sibrZne,minarevebiani
calkevebuli,ganmartoebuli sophistry n sofistika
~ beam grZivi koWi soprano n krini
solely adv calke,marto,mxolod sorcerer/sorceress n mCxibavi,mkiTxavi,mi-
solicitor n iuristkonsulti,veqili sani kaci/qali
solid adj moculobiTi,masiuri,myari, sorcery n jadosnoba=jadoqroba,Seloc-
(gul)savse,mkvidri,soliduri va
~ foundation myari safuZveli sorely adv Zalze
solidity n simagre,simkvrive,saimedooba,ma- sorghum n adj sorgo(si)
siuroba sorrel=Rumex Lat. n adj mJauna(si)
solids n pl myari sakvebi sort(s) n v saxeoba,xarisxi; daxarisxeba
solidus/solidi n sing/pl Lat. solidi ~ out v amorCeva,amokrefa(mag.teqsti-
solitary adj ganmartoebuli dan),daxarisxeba
~ instance erTeuli SemTxveva shoddy ~ mdare xarisxis
solitude n simartove upper story of ~ saxeobaTa zeda safe-
in ~ ganmartoebiT xuri
solstice n mzebudoba sortie n mtris moulodneli Tavdasxma
solution n gadawyveta,gadawyvetileba soul n suli
~to problem problemis gadawyveta sound n v adj bgera,xma ramis; mosinjva
solve(d) v adj mogvareba/mogvarebuli, =zondireba,,Zebna,Zieba,Dazverva,mo-
gadawyveta/gadawyvetili,amoca- sinjva; jansaRi,mtkice,mkafio
nis amoxsna ~ feature(sign,signal,trace) mkafio niSani
~ problem sakiTxis gadaWra ~out v warmoTqma
some pron. rame,ramdenime,cota(odeni), sounding adj ger sadazvervo,mosinjva=
zog(i),rig(i) dazverva,sacdeli gaTxra
~ body pron vinme ~ box musikaluri yuTi
~ day ®odesme ~ trench sacdeli Txrili
~ how pron rogorRac,ramdenadme,TiT- soundly adv aSkarad,naTlad
qos,raRacnairad sour adj mJave
~ if not all nawili mainc Tu yvela ara ~ milk araJani,naRebi
in ~ degree raRac odenobiT/xarisxiT source n saTave,wyaro=sabuTi,saSuale-
in~ instances rig SemTxvevebSi ba,winamZRvari
in ~ way rogorRac,garjveulwilad basic ~ mTavari wyaro
~ of zogi everliving ~ uSreti ~
~sort of sth ramenairi,raRacnairi information ~ informaciis ~
~ thing pron. raime,raRac ~of raw material nedleulis ~
~ times pron. zogjer,xandaxan actual ~ mTavari wyaro
~ what pron raRac,odnav,rogorRac… ~study wyaroTmcodneoba

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 სარჩევი
south n adj samxreT(i)
southern adj adv samxreTuli,samxreTiT
~ most adv ukiduresi samxreTi
southerner n samxreTeli(adamiani)
south(ern)most adj adv ukiduresi samxre
Ti(T)
southward(s) adv samxreTiT
souvenir n Sesawiri ram, suveniri
sovereign n adj xelmwife,ga(n)mgebeli,su-
vereni; sruluflebiani,suverenuli
sow v Tesva
space n adj adgili=sivrce,samuSao mo-
edani,farTobi,kosmosi; moculo-
biTi,sivrculi
~of time drois monakveTi
open ~ Ria sivrce
perception of ~ sivrcis aRqma
spacer(see bead) adj (Sua)leduri/sagebi
spacing n biji,dacileba=manZili,inter-
vali
spacious adj sivrculi
spade(see depth) n bari, niCabi
~ work n mosamzadebeli samuSao
Spalax n mTis bruca (cxoveli)
span n v adj xidis mala; gadawvdoma=
gavrcoba,gavrceleba;patara,cida,are,
farTi,vrceldeba,swvdeba,moicavs,
drois monakveTi
~ by v gadafarva/gadaxurva ramisa
ramiT
~ from…to… moicavs(swvdeba,grZelde-
ba) sivrces/dros
spanning adj ger gavrcelebuli,modebu-
li,momcveli; gavrcoba
~period/territory moicavs/swvdeba peri-
ods/teritorias
spandrel n TaRis ube,TaRszeda nageboba
~ decorated with figures qandakebebiT
Semkuli TaRis ube
spar n adj Spati(s)
spare n v adj dazogva;zedmeti,saTadari-
go,gafrTxileba ramis
~ part saTadarigo nawili
~ sb from sth gameteba vinmesi,ver gaT-
vla
sparing of words sityvaZunwi
sparingly adv arcTu iSviaTad
spark n adj naperwkali;brWyviala,biZgi,
Segulianeba,niSani ramis
sparkle v brwyinva
sparse adj meCxeri,iSviaTi,nakleboba,gab-
neuli,meCxeri,Txeli
232
~for sth arasakmarisi,mcire,cota
~ wood meCxeri tye
sparsely adv gabneulad,meCxerad,gafantu
lad
sparsity n simeCxre,simcire,iSviaToba
spatial adj sivrcobrivi,sivrculi
spatially adv sivrcobrivad,sivrceze
spatulate(in shape) adj niCbisebri
speak(see speech) v metyveleba,laparaki
~ out v daufaravad laparaki rameze
~for sth miTiTeba raRacaze
spear n v akinaki,Subi(spiri),oroli;
marjveni(adamianis) ; kvarva
~ chape Subispiris liTonis qarqaSi
flame(like) ~ alisebri Subispiri
long-pligged ~ grZelmasriani ~
~ midrib Subispiris qedi
mid-ribbed ~ qediani ~
open-plug ~ masragaxsnili ~
openplugged ~ masriani ~
plug-shaft Subispiris Rru tari
plug-shafted/socketed ~ Subispiri mas-
riani Rru tariT
pointed ~ wvetiani ~
~ rest Subispiris masra
~ ~ flearing out at the end ~ ~ boloSi
gafarToebuli
round-tipped ~ wvermomrgvalebuli ~
~ thrower Subis mtyorcneli
~tongue n adj ZaRliskbila(si) (mc)
special adj gansakuTrebuli,kerZo,sagan-
gebo,specialuri
Special Child(see Infant) yrma ieso
specialist n adj specialisti,sagangebo
non ~ araspecialisti
specialization n daxelovneba rameSi,das-
pecialeba
mid-career ~ saSualo donis(ara cod-
niT) specialisti
speciality n nairsaxeoba,gansakuTrebulo-
ba,specialoba
specialized adj daxelovnebuli,specialu-
ri,sagangebo
specially adv sagangebod,specialurad
specialty n specialoba
species n pl usu. saxeoba,jiSi
specific(al)(ly) adj adv damaxasiaTebeli,sa-
gangebo,gansakuTrebuli,konkre-
tuli,specifiuri; gansakuTrebu-
lad,gansakuTrebiT,sagangebod
city/village ~ qalaqis/soflis(Tvis) da-
maxasiaTebeli
 სარჩევი

specimen n nimuSi,magaliTi maxuli

speckled adj dawinwkluli,koplebiani
specky adj Wreli
spectacle n sanaxaoba,speqtakli
spectacular adj aRsaniSnavi,TvalismomWre
li,sanaxaobrivi,mimzidveli,Se-
saniSnavi,Tvalwarmtaci,Tvalsa-
Cino,STambeWdavi,gadapranWuli,
efeqturi,impozanturi
spectate v yureba,Tvalyuris devneba
spectator n meTvalyure
speculate(ion) v n fiqri,hipoTeza,speku-
lacia
speech(see language,speak) n sityva=mox-
seneba,laparaki,salaparako ena
give ~ to sb moxsenebis wakiTxva/gake-
Teba
~ of welcome misasalmebeli sityva
terse ~ mokle da tevadi ~ splendour n dideba,didebuleba,sidiade,
speed n siCqare=siswrafe,rbola
speck n aTinaTi
specky n adj xis sari; wvetiani,Wreli
spell n v drois monakveTi,Semcvleli,
SemSvelebeli,gamolocva,Selocva,
sityvis aso-aso warmoTqma
~ over v gaTvalva,monusxva,Selocva
spellimg ger marTlwera
sphere n samyaro; sfero=areali;sfero=
sxeuli
~ of influence gavlenis sfero
spherical adj sferuli
~ headed TavburTula,sferulTaviani
spice n sakmazi
spike(d) n v adj Taveli/TavTavi,wveti
(ani),xiwvi
spill v daRvra,danawevreba,danawileba
~off sth into sth nawilebad danawileba
~off into terraces baqnebis gakeTeba
~over into issues kvlevebSi gamoxatva
spin(ing) v adj ger (da)rTva; mbrunavi;
(da)rTva
~ wheel n jara=Zafsagrexi dazga
spinal column n adj xerxemali/xerxemlis
spindle n TiTistari,lilvi=RerZi
~ tip/top TiTistaris bolo/Tavi
~ whorl n kviristavi
spine n xerxemali
spinx/sphinges n sing/pl Lat. sfinqsi
spiral n adj xvia(ra), spirali
~ hair-pin sakulule
spire(d) n adj wvrili da wvetiani gumba-
Ti ; (Se)isruli,wawvetebuli,wverwa
spirit n adj suli,spirti
~ and letter of sth suliskveTeba da si-
zuste ramisa
~ and matter suli da materia
~ level n Tarazo
sb poor in ~ suliT mdabali
~world sulebi, suleTi
spiritual adj sulieri
~ leader ~ lideri
~ life ~ cxovreba
splay(ed) v adj gaSla,gafarToeba; raime
cal mxares daxrili,gafarToebuli,
gaSlili,gadRabnili,bundovani
splendid(ly) adj adv didebuli/didebul-
ad,saucxoo(d),SesaniSnavi/SesaniS-
navad,mSvenieri/mSvenivrad,Zvirfa-
si/Zvirfasad
siuxve,sidiade,simdidre
splinter n namsxvrevi,namtvrevi
split v adj dapoba/daCexva;napobi,danawev-
reba,gaxleCa,gapoba
spoil(ed)=spoilt v adj gafuWeba/gafuWebu-
li,dazianeba/dazianebuli
spoils n pl mogeba,politikuri monapova-
ri ; Semosavali
spokeshaves n safxeki,qvis sarandavi xe-
lsawyo,qvis kanis asacleli dana,
Qvis anaTali
sponge n nasvreti
spontaneous(ly) adj adv Cveuli/Cveuleb-
riv,bunebrivi/bunebrivad,Ta-
visTavad,spontanurad
spool(see shuttle) n koWa,maqo
~ like adj koWisebri
spoon n kovzi
straining ~ qafqiri
sporadic(aly) adj adv erTeuli,SemTxvevi-
Ti; drodadro,SemTxveviT,xanda-
xan, uceb
sport v Tavis mowoneba
spot(see stain) n v adgili,laqa,winwkali;
dalaqaveba
in a ~ light at… yuradRebis centrSi
~ with v (da)Wreleba
spotlight v yuradRebis centrSi moqceva
ramis
spotted adj dalaqavebuli,dawinwkluli
spout n Sverili,WurWlis tuCi/cxviri
sprained adj naRrZobi
sprawling adj samorCenili kuTxe qveynis
spread v adj gavrceleba,gavrcoba,gafan-

233
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tva,raime dargis ganviTareba/daner squash=Cucurbita maxima Lat. n gogra,

gva,matebazrda squat(ed) n adj madnis natexi,dabali,ju
~ abroad/over v mimobneuli,mimofantu- ja;Cacucquli,miwaze garTxmuli
li aqueeze v n moWyleta/gaWyleta,Seviwro
~ across v favrcoba/gavrceleba raime veba,anabeWdi
teritoriaze squinch n Sverili,romelsac eyrdnoba
~ onto v gaSlili saxuravi
spreaded adj Semofantuli squint adj dacerebuli
spreading ger gavrceleba,gavrcoba stab(ing) v adj Cxvleta,saCxvleti
mechanisms of ~ gavrcelebis formebi stable(see stall) n adj Tavla,sajinibo;ucv-
spreadeagle adj frTagaSlili arwivi leli,mdgradi,gamZle
in~ position ~ arwivis ~ man n adj mejinibe; mdgradi,medegi,
formiT gamZle,Seuryeveli(adamiani)
spring n v adj gazafxuli(s),zambara,nax- stability n gamZleoba,mdgradoba,Seuryev-
tomi,wyaro(wyali),nakaduli,xafan- loba
gi(s) dageba for ~ simagrisaTvis,gamZleobisTvis
~ crop aneuli stabilize v mowesrigeba
~ up v aRmoceneba(ara marto mcenaris) ~with sth Semtkiceba (mag.aliziT)
~ well(see well) n wyaro(wylis),sawyisi, stably adv mdgradad,Seuryevlad
pirvelwyaro stack(ed) n adj grova,zvini; dawyobili
~ wood n warafi stadium/stadia n sing/pl Lat. stadioni
springer n TaRis(kamaris/quslis) qva staff n v dawesebulebis personali=Sta-
springy region/site wyaroebiT mdidari ti,Stabi,piradi Semadgenloba,same-
kuTxe/mxare fo kverTxi,Statiani TanamSromeli;
sprinkle(r) v n (mo)pkureba,sxureba; aiaz- joxi,masra, ; amovseba,datenva,Sesa-
mis sapkurebeli funji lesi zsnari,baTqaSi
S-profile S-formis/profilis staffed adj gatenili,datenili
sprout n amonayari=ylorti mcenaris ~ animal/bird cxovelis/frinvelis fi-
tanze tuli
spruce v mowesrigeba,gaprialeba,morTva, stag n xariremi
interieris gaformeba stage n v adj done,safexuri,Teatris sce
spun adj darTuli(Zafi) ena,stadia,iarusi; gasceniureba,piesis
spur n mTis ganStoeba,biZgi dadgma,sasceno, periodi
~on by sth raRacam raRacas misca biZgi broad/short ~ didi/mokle periodi
~ to sth biZgi ~ craft n scenari
oti v waqezeba closing ~ bolo safexuri/faza
sput n naxtomi formative ~ Camoyalibebis/sawyisi ~
squander(ed) v adj gaflangva/gaflangu- sub ~ n qvesafexuri
li staggered/staggering adj safexuredi
square n v adj adv moedani,farTobi;gon- stain(see spot) n v adj laqa; dalaqaveba
io(xelsawyo);gamoTla,waTla;oTxku stained adj dalaqavebuli,laqebiani,Sesu-
Txa;zustad,kvadrati,kvadratuli, aruli
kvadratis formis micema,gverdebis ~ glass feradi/vitraJis mina
gasworeba ~ ~ window vitraJi
~ cut adj sworkuTxa stainer n yuriani kaTxa
~ off v dakvadrateba staircase/way(see door) n kibe
~sectioned adj oTxkuTxa ganivkveTiani ascending/discending ~ aRmavali/daRma-
squared adj oTxkuTxa vali ~
~ circle n kvadrati (sxeuli) ~well kibis Wauris kedeli
squarish adj kuTxovani,kvadratuli stairs n pl kibe(ebi)
~plan gegmaSi kvadratuli flight of ~ kibe baqnidan baqnamde
squash n mTixvi stair-well n kibis Cani

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 სარჩევი

stake n adj latani(s),sari,margili,ximin- ~commodity mTavari nedleuli

ji,boZkinti ~ crops ~ mcenareuli kul-
stalk n foTlis/yvavilis Rero turebi
stall(see stable) n erTi cxenis sadgomi ~ topic ~ Tema
stallage n adj nakeli(s) star n v varskvlavi; kaSkaSi,naTeba,brwy-
stalled adj baguri inva, gabrwyineba
stamen n butko shooting ~ meteori
stamp n v beWedi=damRa,daRi,satvifra- stark adj pirdapiri,naTeli,aSkara
vi,siqa,tvifri; daWdeva,datvifvra, ~testimony pirdapiri sabuTi/dasturi
daRarva,daCiTva,beWdis dasma,amo- starkly adv mkveTrad,savsebiT
tvifvra start n v dasawyisi; dawyeba,romelime
cylinder ~ cilindruli sabeWdavi xanis dadgoma
~seal brtyeli sabeWdavi ~ career moRvaweobis/saqmianobis dasa-
stamped adj amotvifruli,darvifruli, wyisi
natvifri,Rerbiani ~off v Cndeba,iwyeba gamoCena ramis
~ sheet natvifri furceli ~ out from… ramis gaTvaliswinebiT
stamping ger tvifvra,Rarva,CiTva,Wdeva ~ to develop ganviTarebis dawyeba
stamps from… momdinareobs right from the ~ Tavidanve
stamina n sicocxlis xalisi,gamZleoba started adj dawyebuli
droSi, amtanoba starting adj dasawyisi,dawyebiTi,sawyisi
stance n manera,poza,dgoma ~ point sawyisi wertili
stanchion n sadgari startle(d)(ing) v adj gaogneba/gaognebuli,
stand n v sadgari,sadgami,tribuna,Stati gamaognebeli,saocari
vi,WurWlis fexi/qusli; (da)dgo- stasis/stases n Lat. uZraoba
ma.gaZleba,atana state(see person) n v adj saxelmwifo,
~alone marto/calke dgoma mdgomareoba,viTareba,poza; aRniSv-
~apart gancalkevebiT/TavisTvis ~ na,miTiTeba,daskvna,dadgena,SeniSv-
~ at the head of… saTaveSi dgoma na,mtkiceba; saxelmwifo(ebrivi)
~ out v gamorCeva, mtris gamklaveba ~ clearly mkafiod Camoyalibeba
~ sb/sth vinmes/ramis atana ~ craft saxelmwifos marTvis xelovne-
~ up v adgoma (damjdarisa) ba
~ up fot sb mxarSi amodgoma emerging ~ Canasaxovani saxelmwifo
~ upright gamarTulad dgoma (ara oTx- ~ explicitely mkafiod Camoyalibeba
ze) good ~ of sth raime karg mdgomareoba-
standard n sinji,done,xarisxi,Standarti Si
kverTxi,standarti ~ is as followes mdgomareoba/viTareba
~drop standartis/xarisxis gauareseba aseTia...…
high ~ maRali done/donis ~ is the same ~ ~ ucvlelia
~ mount Standartis Tavi ~level society saxelmwifoebriobis do-
standardized adj standartuli nemde misuli sazogadoeba
standing adj ger mdgomi,uZravi; dgoma ~ machine saxelmwifo manqana
long ~ adj gamZle ~managed saxelmwifos marTvaSi
standpoint n tvalsazrisi ~ of affairs saqmis viTareba
stands v 3rd p.simp.pr. dgas/mdebareobs ~ of sth done/mdgomareoba ramis
vinme/rame(qalaqi/Zegli) ~ owned adj saxelmwifos kuTvnili
stanning illustration of the point naTeli das- ~ party(see ruling) mmarTveli partia
turi ramisa relations on a ~ level urTierTobani sa-
staple n adj morkaluli gamiri;ZiriTa- xelmwifo doneze
di/mTavari produqti(marcvleuli/ rise of ~ saxelmwifos warmoSoba
naxiri) ~ service saxelmwifo samsaxuri
~ cereals ZiriTadi marcvleuli(rome sth of ~ importance ~ mniSvnelobis
lime qveyanaSi) ~ symbol ~ simbolo

235
 სარჩევი
~ system ~ sistema
under the auspices of ~ saxelmwifos
mfarvelobis qveS
stated adj Camoyalibebuli
statehood n saxelmwifoebrioba
stately adj saxelmwifoebrivi,STambeWdavi
warmosadegi,tanadi
statement n mosazreba,gadawyvetileba,si-
marTle,dadgenileba,gamonaTqvami,fo
rmulireba,Cveneba,mtkicebuleba,kons
tatacia,oficialuri angariSi,azri,
,debuleba,mtkiceba,mdgomareoba/viTa
reba
statera/staterae n sing/pl Lat. stateri
state-to-state adj saxelmwifoTaSoris(i)
static adj uZravi=statikuri
station n v sadguri; jaris ganlageba
(dabanakeba,Cayeneba)
stationary adj adgilobrivi,uZravi,staci-
onaruli
statuary n qandakebebi/qandakebaTa jgufi
pieces of ~ qandakebaTa nimuSebi
~technique (gamo)qandakebis teqnika
statue n qandakeba
~ in round mrgvali ~
~ menhir ~ filaze
statuette n mcire qandakeba
stature n Rirseba, adamianis simaRle
status n socialuri mdgomareoba=statu
si,daniSnuleba
emblemic ~ simboluri statusi
object of ~ statusis maCvenebeli niSa-
ni mag. kverTxi
~symbol statusis maCvenebeli simbolo
staunchy adj adv mtkice(d), gadaWriT,ur-
yevad,erTgulad
stave n adj ket-kombali; tkeCi(s)
stay n v darCena
stead n (adamianis) magieri
steadfast(ness) adj n medegi,gamZle,Seur-
yeveli; gamZleoba
steadily adv bejiTad,daJinebiT,Tanabrad,
uryevad
steady adj ucvleli,uryevi,saimedo
steam n adj orTqli(s),oxSivari(s)
~ pipe orTqlis gamosasvleli mili
steaming adj (raime,rasac) orTqli/oxSi-
vari asdis
steatite n adj sapnis qva/qvis=talki(s)
steel(see tinder) n v adj kvesi,foladi; fo
ladis wrToba; foladis
~ and tinder kves-abedi(s)
236
~ armoured/clad SejavSnuli
quench-hardening foladis wrToba
wyalSi
steelyard n calsaswori
steep n adj daRmarTi,qarafi,xrami; dam-
reci,cicabo,daqanebuli,metismeti
steeped in adj Cafluli
steeple n samreklo
steeply adv mkveTrad
~ separated ~ gamoyofili
steepness n daxriloba,daqaneba/daqane-
buloba,kbode
steer n dakodili=kastrirebul mozveri
stele=stela/stelae n sing/pl Lat. stela
victory ~ gamarjvebis ~
stem n svetis(xis,jvris) tani,sityvis Zi
ri,fuZe,Rero,RerZi,WurWlis fexi
v dayrdnoba=eyrdnoba
~fecundity nayofierebis xelSewyoba
~ from sth v GgaCena/warmoSoba ramisa
ramisgan,raRac saTaves iRebs…
stemmed adj (yunw)Reroiani
high ~ maRalfexiani(mag.WurWeli)
stencil v trafaretiT ramis anabeWdi
stencilled adj trafaretiT gadmoRebuli
step n v nabiji,kibis safexuri; fexis
gadadgma=siaruli
~ by ~ adv nabij-nabij
~ down Tanamdebobidan gadadgoma
flight of ~ (s) kibis nawili baqnidan
baqnamde
take ~ nabijis gadadgma.zomebis mire-
ba
steppe(land)(s) n stepi
partially wooded ~ tye-stepi
stepped adj baqnebiani=terasuli,safexu-
rebiani=afexuredi,iarusebiani,da-
saxsruli
~ podium/podia n sing/pl Lat. safexure-
di podiumi,xarisxedi
stereotype n stereotipi
sterling adj maRalsinjiani
stewardship n xelmZRvaneloba
under the ~ xelmZRvanelobiT
stick n v joxi,Cxiri,Reraki,Rero,Reri;
miwebeba,CarWoba,Cxvleta,dakvra=dak-
roba,taris dageba,dakvla
~ on v dawebeba
~figure joxebiT/xazebiT gadmocemuli
gamosaxuleba
stickness n webovaneba
sticky adj webovani
 სარჩევი

stiff adj moudrekavi beface ~ ormxrivatkecili ~

stigma/stigmatin n sing/pl Lat. sircxvilis ~block lodi
daRi=stigma block/cobble ~ qvafenilis ~
stile n alage,wirTxli,karis amyoli bond ~ /bonder gadabmis ~
still adv adj jerac.jer kidev,kvlav(ac), boulder(roughly worked,rubble,unworked)
kvlavindeburad; mSvidi ~ nagleji)fletili,yoris) ~
~ debated jerac daudgeneli/sakamaTo bracketed ~ frCxilebiani Camketi ~
~ remains ~ , kvlav rCeba building ~ samSeneblo ~
stilus/stili n sing/pl Lat. stilosi ~ ~ ger qviT Seneba
stimulate(d)(ion) v adj n waxaliseba/waxa- ~built adj ~ nagebi
lisebuli ~ ~ design qvis wyobiT gamoyvanili
stinge n v nestari; danestvra ornamenti
~ like adj nestrisebri cap ~ dolmenis saxuravi ~
stipple n wertilovani ornamenti carved from ~ qvaSi nakveTi ram
stir v dakmayofileba,sresa,liTonis gube chipped~industry qvis industria/sawarmo
~ in v Sereva coating/facing ~ saperange ~
stirred adj dasresili cobble/pebble/river ~ riyis ~
srirrup n uzangi cobble/rubble ~ xurda ~
stoa n stoa come off the~ qvisgan zedmeti nawileb-
stock n v maragi,inventari,saqoneli=na- bis moSoreba
xiri=pirutyvi; tari,yunwi;xis tani, coping ~ damagvirgvinebeli ~
buni(ki) ; momarageba,RumelSi kazmis corner ~ qvakuTxedi(Tavkiduris/kuTxis)
CatvirTva crude ~ daumuSavebeli ~
~breeder n mesaqonle crumbled ~ daSlili ~
~for slaughter saklavi=saqoneli ~crusher n qvismtexeli
~hole kazmis CasarvirTi xvreli curved ~ qvaTlili
stock-rising n mesaqonleoba,mecxovele- ~ ~ qvaSi nakveTi
oba daw ~ texili/fleTili qva
nomadic ~ momTabare ~ ~ dressed/treated ~ daumuSavebeli ~
posturing ~ samTabaro/mwyemsuri ~ ~ dry stonework/masonry qvis msrali wyo
settled ~ mkvidri(ara momTabare) ~ ~ ba
stalled ~ baguri ~ ~ envil ~ qvis grdemli,romelzec ideba
stalled and posture ~ bagur-mwyemsuri ~ dasamuSavebeli qva
stockade(see town) n meseri, Zelebis ga- filling ~ Camketi/sicarielis Semvsebi ~
lavani flag ~ n adj qvis lorfini
stoicism n stoicizmi ~foundatin qvis saZirkveli
stole n babTa,olari,bewvis mosasxami fronton/pediment ~ frontonis ~
stomach n muceli (adamianis) ~glacis qvis
stomp(ing) adj adgili,sadac adamians uy- grave/tomb ~ saflavis ~
vars yofna,sasurveli,sayvareli grid/rub ~ salesi ~
stone n adj v qva/qvis,kurka/kurkis; qve- ground ~ naxexi/nalesi ~
biT Caqolva hand ~ qvis xelculi
abutment ~ sayrdeni qva ~ image qvis qandakeba
~and lime wall qvitkiri(s) ~ ~ of a male/female qvakaca/qalaqva
angular/toothing ~ kidis/kuTxis ~ in ~ qviT,qvis,qvaSi
arch/vault ~ TaRis ~ irregular ~ kaWari qva=qvis nagleji
ashlar(dressed/worked) ~ damuSavebuli key ~ TaRis Sua/kuTxis Camketi ~
(ga)Tlili ~ ~ lined qviT amogebuli/mopirkeTebuli
ballista ~ satyorcni ~ ~ mason n kalatozi
~based qvis saZirkvliani/Ziriani,qvaze ongoing source for ~ qvis axo qvis sakma
dafuZnebuli xelosniba/xelsawyo risi maragiT
bastard Zalian magari ~ orthostat ~ mosapirkeTebeli qva

237
 სარჩევი

out of ~ qvisgan storey(see floor) n sarTuli

parpen n Riobis qva
pivot ~ saqusle ~
precious/splendid ~ Zvirfasi ~
pumice ~ vulkanuri ~
quoin ~ kuTxis/kuTxedi ~
rag(rubble/rug) ~ kaWari/nagleji(nate-
xi ~
ruffle ~ Worfliani ~
scantling sufTad SemoTlili ~
sculptured ~ nakveTi/naqandakari ~
seal ~ amosaqoli ~
semiprecious ~ naxevradZvirfasi ~
~ shot(from N spot) qvis gasrolis man-
Zilze(raRac adgilidan)
~ slab qvis fila;wamlis sasresi qva/fi-
la
stepping(see step) ~ fexis mosakidi ad
gili
superhard ~ Zalian magari(graniti) ~
undressed ~ daumuSavebeli qva
voussoir ~ solisebri qva
~wall qvis kedeli/zRude
~ware n keramikuli nawarmi
water-worn ~ wyliT narecxi/qvargvali
wheat ~ marcvlis sasresi ~
~ work n adj qvis wyoba/wyobis
~ ~ bond qvis wyobaSi Casmuli
~working qvis damuSaveba
~written qvaze naweri
stony adj qviani
stool n uzurgo skami
cross-struted ~ jvaredinfexebiani dasa-
keci skami
stop v gaCereba,SeCereba,Sewyveta.gaqroba
banakis/dgomis adgili
~ doing sth(cf.give up) gadaCveva ramis
stopped adj gaCerebuli,SeCerebuli,Sewy-
vetili
stopper n sacobi, Camketi
stoppered adj Tavdacobili
storage(see store) n maragi,Senaxva,sacavi
~ bin maragis Sesanaxi WurWeli
~bin/pit silosis ormo
~chamber n sawyobi
~facilities maragis Sesanaxad saWiro na-
geboba da WurWeli
store n v adj maragi(s),momarageba/dagro
veba,Senaxva
~ house(see storage) n sawyobi
~ jar maragis Sesanaxi WurWeli
~room sakuWnao,sacavi
storing adj ger momarageba
~ jar maragis Sesanaxi WurWeli
storm(ing) v ger Seteva=Sturmi,qariSxali
~off in anger gamZvinvareba
Storm god qariSxlis RmerTi/RvTaeba
story n ambvi,gadmocema,moTxroba,isto-
ria,sakiTxi
the ~ goes that… gadmocema gviambobs…
there is a ~ that… amboben,rom…
stout adj msxvili,msuqani,gamZle,magari,
gabeduli
stove n qura,Rumeli
straddle v fexebgaSlili dgoma/jdoma
(mag. cxenze),SeCereba/Sekaveba
~ a road gzis gadaketva
straddling ger daokeba,unagiris dadgma
straight adj swori,gamarTuli(dgoma),pir-
dapir(i)
~angle swori kuTxe
~ arch saZgidi
~fight/man patiosani brZola/kaci
straightforward adj pirdapiri
~process swori procesi
straightforwardness n sworxazovneba
straight-sided adj sworgverda
straightway adv maSinve,imwamsve
strain n v warmomavloba(gvari,jiSi,tomi)
siTxis (gada)wurva,daZabuloba
~ of grain marcvleulis jiSi
strained adj daZabuli
strainer n sawuri
strait(ed) v adj daRarva/daRaruli
strand n asxmula,simravle/wyeba ramis
~ of beads mZivi,yelsabami
strange adj ucxo,ucnauri,saocari,sakvir
veli
in a ~ fashion ucnaurad
strangely adv saocrad,ucnaurad
stranger n ucnobi/ucxo adamiani
strap(like) n adj Tasma/Tasmisebri,Rvedi
strategy n gegma,monaxazi,strategia
~specialized ~ sagangebo atrategia
stratification n daSreveba,dafeneba,fenebad
dayofa
thickness of ~ daSrevebis sisqe
stratified adj daSrevebuli
~society klasebad dayofili sazoga-
doeba
stratify v daSreveba
stratovolcano vulkanis dafenebuli amo-
nafrqvevi lava/ferfli

238
 სარჩევი
stratum/strata n sing/pl Lat. Sre, fena
basal ~ pirveli=qveda fena
sub ~ ~ qvefena
straw n adj bze/bzis,namja/namjis,Cala/Ca-
lis,Tiva/Tivis
stray adj SemTxveviTi; codvili
streak(ed) v adj moxazva/moxazuli ra-
ime gansxvavebuli/mkveTri feris
saRebaviT
stream n nakadi,nakaduli,Rele,niaRvari,
dineba
street n quCa
street-type adj erT rigad ganlagebuli=
erT rigSi Cawyobili
strength(en)(ing) n v adj Zala,simagre; gaZ-
liereba,moRoniereba,gamagreba,Za-
lis micema,ga(n)mtkiceba,gamZlav-
reba,mosazrebis gamyareba; gammag-
rebeli,gasamagrebeli
regain ~ Zalis aRdgena.mokreba
strenuous adj daZabuli, saWiro
stress n v dartyma=stresi,maxvili(bge-
raze); xazgasma/yuradRebis gamaxvi
leba raime sakiTxze,sakiTxis gamo-
kveTa
stressed adj maxvildasmuli(bgera),xaz-
gasmuli,gamokveTili
stretch n v sivrce=teritoria; gaWimva,
wagrZeleba,gadaWimva sivrceze(mag,
qveynis),gavrceleba,gaWimva/daWimva,
drois/sivrcis monakveTi
~ across gadaWimuli teritoriaze
~back v aZvelebs/TariRs wevs ukan
~back into v SeRweva drois siRrmeeb-
Si
~ forward v xelis win gawvda
~ from…to… swvdeba/gadaWimylia sivr-
ce, grZeldeba(dro)
middle ~ Suaxanebi(sauk/aTasw)
~of 9time/space) drois/sivrcis monakve-
Ti
~ on v qargaze gadaWimva
~ ~ wheel WurWlis amoyvana Carxze
~ up v zeaziduli/aweuli (xel(eb)i)
stretched adj gawolili,gadawolili,ga-
daWimuli teritoria,gaSotili
adamiani
stretcher n sakace
stretches v 3rd p.simp.pr. gaSlilia/swvde
ba teritorias,mdebareobs(qveya-
na)
stretching from…to… gadaWimulia …...dan…
...mde
239
stretchy adj welvadi,elastiuri
strew across v gabneva/mimobneva,gafantva
~across v mimofantva
strict(ly)(ness) adj adv n zusti,mkacri,gan-
sazRvruli,pirdapiri; zustad,mkac-
rad,mainc da mainc, xistad ; sizuste,
simkacre,sixiste,pirdapiroba
stride(s) n warmateba/warmatebebi saqmeSi
strident adj susti (mag.mosazreba)
striding adj ixreba
~east(west…)wards ~ aRmosavleTiT...
~left/rightwards ~ marcxniv/marjvniv
strife n Sina ganxeTqileba/janyi
strike v dartyma, medlis/monetis moWra,
qvis Camomtvreva/damuSaveba
~off v gamokveTa ramis(mag.qvisgan)
striking adj araCveulebrivi,TvalSisacemi
saocari,mniSvnelovani,mimzidveli,
STambeWdavi,aSkara,TvalSisacemi,
gansakuTrebuli
~ example naTeli magaliTi
~platform dartymis moedani
strikingly adv askarad,TvalSisacemad,mni-
Svnelovnad
string n v Zafi,mZivis asxmula,mZivi-Tmis
samkauli,Tasma,simi; asxma
~along v gabawvra/Camwkriveba
~ like adj Zafis/Tokisebri
stringer n ganivi Zeli,kibis Cana,qargili,
zewari,xidis savali nawili
sripe n yaiTani/buzmenti,(sanapiro) zo-
li
strive(ing) v ger swrafva,eswrafvode rames
cdilobde
stroke n monasmi, Strixi
easy ~ Tavisufali monasmi
in a ~ rigSi, erT xazze
strong adj Ronieri,mZlavri,magari,sarwmu
no,mtkice
~ evidence mtkice sabuTi/dasturi
~ proven abilities myari Cvevebi
~ similarity Zlieri msgavseba
~ taste for balance zomierebis grZnoba
stronghold n kedlis gasamagrebeli bur-
ji,cixe-simagre
strongly adv aSkarad,metismetad,Zlier
structure n saTavsi,nageboba,Senoba,Sedge-
niloba,socialuri Semadgenlo-
ba/wyoba,agebuleba,aRnagoba
v sivrcis danawevreba/dayofa
adjoining ~ mierTebuli saTavsi
agglutinative ~ Semkvreli masa/nageboba
 სარჩევი
buttressed ~ iaqTaRebiT gamagrebuli ~
hut-like ~ qoxisebri ~
independent/separate ~ damoukidebeli ~
rock ~ qvis nageboba/Semadgenloba
supporting ~ damxmare ~
twin ~ Sewyvilebuli nageboba
structured adj Camoyalibebuli
straddle v aerTebs,moicavs momijnave na-
pirebs/teritoriebs(mag,kavkasioni)
struggle n v brZola
internesine ~ between… Sinaomi
strut n bijgi,jojgina
stubby adj mokle,kotita
stucco(ed) n adj v Selesiloba,saZerwi;
Selesv/selesili garedan, figu-
rebiani
stuck adj minaZerwi,dawebebuli,dakruli,
dasmuli(mag.yuri/saxeluri),miwebe-
buli
~ in adj CaWedebuli
stud n v samagri,damWeri,sarWi,manWvlis
Tavi; mooWva,lursmnebiT moWedva
~ farm cxensaSeni
~ horse cxensaSenis cxeni
studded adj TvalCasmuli (mag,beWedi)
student n moswavle,studenti
~ of local lore mxareTmcodne
studied adj Seswavlili
far ~ Rrmad Seswavlili
~ in great deal Rrmad Seswavlili
properly ~ saTanadod ~
studies n pl kvlevebi
Antique ~ antikuri ~
Bronze ~ brinjaos (xanis) ~
Classical ~ klasikuri (periodis) ~
Feudal ~ feodaluri (xanis) ~
studious adj bejiTi
study n v (Se)swavla,(gamo)kvleva,mecadi-
neoba; naSromi
angle of ~ kvlevis mimarTuleba
by ~ of …SeswavliT
~ of local lore mxareTmcodneoba
~ in most detail gamowvlilviT Seswavla
sth lacking ~ arasaTanadod ~ subdue sb damorCileba,dapyroba,CaxSoba,
undertake ~ kvlevis Catareba
stuff n savaWro saqoneli,piradi Semad-
genloba,TanamSromelTa Stati,xis
zro
stump n Reros narCeni raime nivTSi
stunning adj gamaognebeli
stunted adj Seferxebuli(mag.zrda)
stupa n stupa
240
stupor n gaxeveba,gaSeSeba,gonebis gaTiS
va
sturdy=Lotium temulentum Lat. n adj maTro
bela rvarZli(s) (mc)
sturdy adj Zlieri,janmrTeli,mtkice,maga-
ri,gamZle
style n v stili ; stilis Seqmna=stili-
zeba
animal ~ cxoveluri stili
chaste(poor/simple) ~ martivi ~
close in ~ of… stiliT axlos rames-
Tan
elevated/high ~ amaRlebuli stili
in terms of ~ stiliT,stilis mixedviT/
sakiTxSi
generator of ~ stilis Semqmneli
mainstream ~ ZiriTadi/mTavari stili
~of life cxovrebis wesi=stili
opulent/rich ~ mdidruli ~
rise of ~ stilis aRmoceneba(gaCena/Ca-
saxva)
similarity of ~ msgavseba stilis/stilSi
terse ~ daxvewili stili
unkempt ~ dauxvewavi ~
stylistic(aly) adj adv stilisturi/stilis-
turad
stylization n stilizacia
stylized adj stilizebuli
increasingly ~ Zalze stilizebuli
stylite n mesvete (gandegili)
stylobates/stylobatis=stylobat n sing/pl Lat.
svetnaris sayrdeni=saerTo kvar
cxlbeki
stylobates/stylobatae n sing/pl Gr. svetnar-
is sayrdeni qvis filebis mwkrivi
stylograph n kalmistari
sub… pref. qve…
subadult age mozardi,zrdausruli
subconscious(ness) adj n qvecnobieri/qve-
cnobiereba
subbranch n qvedargi
subdivide v danawevreba
subdivision n danawevreba,qvedanayofi
gadalaxva,Sesusteba
subdued adj damorCilebuli
suberb n (gare)ubani,qalaqgareT(i)
subgroup n qvejgufi
subject(see rang) n v siuJeti,kvlevis/sas-
wavlo sagani,qveSevrdomi=damoki-
debuli,Tema,damorCileba,damone-
ba=daqvemdebareba,sakiTxi,Tema
 სარჩევი
daunting ~ saSiSi/urtulesi Tema
~ king sxva mefis qveSevrdomi mefe
~ matter gamosaxuleba nivTze,sakiTxi,
Sinaarsi,mTavari Tema
~ of study Seswavlis sagani/Tema
~to im pirobiT rom.., Tu..,dadgenileb-
is dacviT
subjected to… adj daqvemdebarebuli
subjection n winaaRmdegoba
subjective adj subieqturi
subjectively adv subieqturad
subjugate(ion) v n damorCileba,dapyroba
subjugated adj damorCilebuli
subjugator n dampyrobi
subliminal adj qvecnobieri
~ self ~ “me”/ ‘’Tavad…”
submerge(d) v adj zRvaSi CaZirva/CaZiru-
li,zRviT dafarva/dafaruli
submission n wardgena,(da)morCileba
bring sb into ~ iZulebiT(i)damorCileba
submit v wardgena(gagzavna,mitana,miwode
ba) naSromis gamosaqveyneblad,miTi
Tebis(proeqtis,wesebis) dacva,war-
gena gansaxilvelad,mtkiceba ramis,
raime azris daSveba
~ a paper naSromis wardgena
~ a question werilobiTi SekiTxva
submitted by gansazRvruli(a),ganpirobe-
buli(a) ramiT
submontane adj mTisZira(raime mdebare
mTis ZirSi
subordinate v n damorCileba,daqvemdeba-
reba,qveSevrdomi
subordinated adj damokidebuli,gansazR-
vruli
subperiod=sub-period n qveperiodi
subphase n qvefaza
subplot n qveTema
subrectangular adj TiTqmis oTxkuTxa,ku-
Txeebmomrgvalebuli
subregion(al) n adj qveregioni/regionuli
subscribe to v raime saqmeSi SeerTeba,pre-
sis gamowera
~ to the view daTanxmeba raime azrze/Se
xedulebaze
subsequent adj momdevno,gviani,mogviano,
Semdgomi,Seasbamisi
subsequently adv mogvianebiT,SemdgomSi,
Semdgom,Sedegad,Sesabamisad…
subsidiary(see chamber) adj damatebiTi,da-
qvemdebarebuli,damxmare,Semavse
beli
241
subsist(ance) v n arseboba
~activities saarsebo/arsebobisTvis saWi
ro saqmianoba
economic ~ pattern ekonomiuri arsebo-
bis wesi
~economy arsebobisTvis saWiro eko-
nomika
means of ~ saarsebo saSualeba
mode of ~ arsebobis wesi/forma
~model/pattern ~ ~ ~
~pattern arsebobis wesi
resources for ~ saarsebo resursebi
~through…iarseba raRac drois ganmav-
lobaSi
subspecies n pl usu. qvesaxeoba(ni)
substance n nivTiereba
substantial adj nivTieri,SeZlebuli,Semcv-
leli,sagrZnobi,wonadi,solidu-
ri,arsebiTi,seriozuli,myari,mZ-
lavri,Zlieri,gamZle,mniSvnelovani
~ contribution didi/wonadi wvlili
substantially adv mniSvnelovnad,ZiriTad-
ad,sagrZnoblad,safuZvlianad
~different arsebiTad gansxvavebuli
substantiate(ion) v n simarTlis dadgena,
safuZvlis (gan)mtkiceba (kamaTSi)
methodological ~ meTodologiuri mtki
ceba ramis
substantiated adj dadgenili,gamtkicebu-
li,dasabuTebuli
~ by the evidence sabuTiT gamagrebuli
substitute(ion) v n Secvla,Senacvleba,
cvlileba,moadgile,Semcvleli
substratum/substrata n sing/pl Lat. qvefena
substructure(see superstructure) n baqani,sa-
Zirkveli
subsurface n qveda horizonti
subterranean(see semi..) adj miwisqveSa,na-
xevradmiwuri
subtitle(d) n v adj qvesaTauri,dasaTaure-
ba,dasaTaurebuli
subtle(ry) adj n daxvewili,maxvili,nazi ;
sinatife,daxvewiloba,txeli,basri,
gamWriaxi
subtype n qvetipi
subvert n garyvna,damxoba,damarcxeba
succeed(ed) sb v adj vinmes Secvla/Sec
vlili vinmeTi,warmatebis miRwe-
va rameSi
~ each other erTimeoris Secvla
~ in sth warmatebis miRweva rameSi
~one another erTmaneTis Secvla
~sb by sb vinmes Secvla vinmeTi
 სარჩევი
~to the throne taxtis miReba memkvidre-
obiT
succeeding adj momdevno
~period ~ xana/periodi
success(ful)(ly) n adj adv warmateba/warma
tebuli,warmatebiT/warmatebulad
succession n Tanmimdevroba,Tanmimdevru-
loba,memkvidreobiToba
dynastic ~ dinastiuri memkvidreobiTob
in ~ TanmimdevrobiT,erTmaneTis miyo-
lebiT
rules of ~ memkvidreobitobis wesebi
~ to the throne taxtis memkvidreoba
successive(ly) adj adv (erTmaneTis) mom-
devno,TanmimdevrobiT
successor n saqmis gamgrZelebeli,vinmes
magieri=momdevno,taxtis memkvidre,
STamomavali,Semcvleli
succinct adj mWidrod momdgari samosi,
(xan)mokle,SekumSuli,mokle
succumbed to… aragamZle=midrekili ga-
qrobisaken masala
such pron. amgvari,amnairi,aseTi
~ as iseTi,rogoricaa…
sucker n amonayari Teslidan
suckling n baSvi,romelic jer kidev Zu-
Zus wovs,gamoucdeli vinme
sucrose n adj saqaroza/saqarozis
sudden adj uecari,moulodneli
all of a ~ meyvseulad,moulodnelad
~ change moulodneli gardatexa/
cvlileba
~ death(end/pass) uecari/moulodneli
gardacvaleba
~ undulation of the earth’s crust miwisZvra
suddenly adv uceb,moulodnelad,male
sudennesss n moulodneloba
suffer v Sewuxeba,tanjva,dazaraleba
~catastrophy katastrofis gadatana
~crisis krizisis ~ summit n mwvervali,saboloo mizani,da-
~from sth dazaraleba ramiT
~the same fate igive bedi ewia/gaiziara
suffice it to say that… sakmarisia iTqvas,
rom…
~ it to mention… sakmarisia aRiniSnos
sufficient(ly) adj adv saTanado(d),sakmari-
si/sakmarisad,mkvidrad,sagrZnobi
sagrZnoblad,sakmaod
non~ (ara)sakmarisi/sakmarisad
~ widespread sakmaod/sakmarisad(far-
Tod) gavrcelebuli
suffragan bishop qorepiskoposi
242
suggest(ed)(ion) v adj n rCeva,miCneva,SeTa-
vazeba,narCevi,miCneuli; azri,mo-
mosazreba,varaudi,savaraudo(d)
suggesting sth gvafiqrebinebs,gvavaraude
binebs... savaraudod...
suggestion n azri,mosazreba
helpful ~ saWiro/faseuli rCeva
suggestive adj raRac maCvenebeli ramis,
miuTiTebs rasme,gvafiqrebinebs
~of sth maCvenebeli,savaraudebeli
suitable adj mosaxerxebeli,gamosadegi,va-
rgisi,Sesaferisi
suite n amala,sagnebis nakrebi/jgufi
v morgeba,xels (m)aZlevs
~ of layers fenaTa rigi/wyeba
~ of rooms oTaxebis rigi/wyeba=anfila
da
suited adj morgebuli
suitor n saqmro
sullabus/sullabi n sing/pl Lat. konspeqti,
programa,muSaobis/samuSao gegma
sulphid n sulfidi
Sulphur Bath Complex Site abanoTubani
sum n jami(cifrebis),Sejameba,Tanxa
in ~ jamSi=Sedegad, mokled…
~ of money Tanxa
~ total saerTo jami
~ up v Sejameba=dajameba,daskvnis gake
Teba
summarily adv mTlianobaSi,mokled,dask-
nis/Sejamebis saxiT...
summarize(d) v adj Sejameba/Sejamebuli,
daskvnis gakeTeba
summarizing adj Semajamebeli
summary n adj daskvna=reziume; daskvni-
Ti,krebiTi,nakrebi
summed adj dajamebuli,Sejamebuli
summer n adj zafxuli,sazafxulo
~ house fanCaturi
niSnulebis adgili,Sekreba=
konferencia,niSnuli
~of mount mTis wveri
perch on the ~ Tavze/wverze dasmuli/
Semodgmuli; gagmohyurebs
dablobs(mag.cixe)
summon v dabareba(gamoZaxeba,miwveva)
summons n gamoZaxeba=uwyeba=Setyobi-
neba
sumptuous adj mdidruli
sun n mze
~ boat mzis etli
 სარჩევი
~ dial n ~ saaTi
~ hat n ~ farfliani qudi
~ set n daisi=mzis Casvla
Sunday n kvira dRe, sauflo/mzisa
~ school sakvirao skola
sunken adj Cangreuli,Cawolili,CaRrma-
vebuli,CaZiruli,Cavardnili,daS-
vebuli,miwaSi Casmuli
~below sth raRac raRacaze dabla,Cad-
gmuli
~ dott foso
~into floor iatakSi/iatakis qveS
partly ~ naxevradCafluli(miwaSi)
Sunnite n adj suniti
sunnud n naCuqrobis sigeli
sunny adj mziani
superb adj didebuli,grandiozuli,mdi-
dari,mdidruli,umarlesi,ketilSo-
bili,brwyinvale,amaRlebuli(grZ-
ba)
superbly adv didebulad,brwyinvaled
supercharge v daWirxna
superciliary n adj adamianis warbzeda na-
wili; warbzeda
superficial(ly) adj adv garegnuli,zedapir-
uli,zerele;dausabuTebeli,araseri-
ozuli
~level danaleqi fena
~ similar savsebiT msgavsi
superimpose(d) v adj dasma/wamocma rami-
sa rameze;zevidan dadebuli/wamo-
cmuli,CaWdeuli,naxatis datana
~by sth Zvel naxatze zevidan daxatu-
li sxva naxati
~image(s) daxatuli/datanili gamosa-
xuleba
~layer(s) dadebuli,dafenebuli
superimpost n raime Semodgmuli rameze
superior n adj patroni,upiratesi
~ to jobna,umjobesia
superiority(see numerical) n upiratesoba,
patronymoba
hawk ~ upiratesobis mopoveba/qona
marked ~ aSkara/xazgasmuli upirate-
soba
superlative adj aRmatebiTi,aRmatebuli
superposed adj zeda
supersede v vinmes Secvla=magieroba
superstition n cru rwmena,kerpTayvanismce
mloba,warmarTuli religia
superstitious adj crumorwmune
superstructure(see substructure) n nagebob-
243
is/Senobis miwiszeda nawili,zed-
naSeni,zevidan daSenebuli,xidis
savali nawili
suprvise v dakvirveba(mag.arqeologiuri),
xelmZRvaneloba
supervision n ~ ~
under ~ of sb vinmes xelmZRvanelobiT/
mmarTvelobis qveS
supervisor n zedamxedveli,meTvalyure,
damkvirvebeli
~ of studies samecniero xelmZRvaneli
supine adv piraRma=gaSotili
supplant v gagdeba=gariyva=Seviwroveba
supplement n v adj danarTi,momarageba,
Sevseba,damateba,damatebiTi ram
supplements n pl damatebani
supplied adj aRWurvili(ara iaraRiT),mo-
maragebuli
supplier n mommaragebeli
supply n v maragi; aRWurva,momarageba,da
mateba,miwodeba,srulyofa,Sewevna,
Sevseba
support(see post) n sadgari,(qveS)safeni,
sayrdeni wertili,Stativi,meoxeba
v mxarSi dgoma,daxmareba,xelSe-
wyoba,mimxroba vinmeze,gaZli-
ereba ramiT,mxaris daWera,das-
daskvnis gamagreba ramiT
~ by sth azris dacva.gamtkiceba raime
sabuTiT
~ on/upon v dabjena/dayrdnoba ramisa
Rameze
through the ~ of sb/sty vinmes/ramis
daxmarebiT/meSveobiT
with the ~ of sb vinmes daxmarebiT/
mxardaWeriT
supported adj gamagrebuli,mxardaWerili
supporter n momxre.mxardamWeri
supporting adj mzidi,mxardamWeri,raime
ramis gasamagrebeli,erTmaneTze
gadasuli,sayrdeni
~ evidence damamtkicebeli sabuTi
~ structure damxmare nageboba
suppose(d) v adj fiqri,varaudi,CaTvla,
rom…
supposedly adv albaT,savaraudod
supposition n varaudi
supra(sth) Lat. xsenebuli..
supremacy n umaRlesi xelisufleba,upi-
ratesoba,pirveloba,dampyroblis
batonoba
~ passes to… upiratesoba eniWeba…
supreme adj uzenaesi,umaRlesi,vinme yve-
 სარჩევი
laze ufrosi
suppress(ion) v n dajabna,ajanyebis Cax-
Soba,Sekaveba,aRkveTa
surface n v adj zedapiri; zedapiris mos
woreba(mogeba,amofena,dageba),miwi
szeda,zedapiruli
collect from the ~ masalis akrefa zeda-
pirze
~ examination/prospecting zedapiruli
dazverva
~ find(s)/material anakrefi/zedapiruli
masala
bearing ~ saxmari ~
chipped ~ uswormasworo/xaoiani ~
coarse ~ xorkliani ~
even ~ swori ~
grind(hard/rough) ~ uxeSi ~
inner/interior ~ Sida ~
level/plane ~ swori ~
modern ~ velis Tanamedrove done
plain ~ sada zedapiri
resting ~ WurWlis Ziri/fskeri
rough ~ uxeSi,xorkliani,xaoiani ~
slip/wash ~ wyliT mogluvebuli ~
smooth(ed) ~ gluvi(erTgvarovani,
mogluvebuli ~
~ smoothed with hand xeliT mogluve-
buli ~
strained ~ xaoian-zoliani ~
striation ~ xaoiani ~
~sripping zedapiruli dafeneba,madnis
ria wesiT mopoveba
~survey zedapiruli kvleva/Seswavla
treatment of ~ zedapiris damuSaveba
~with concentric lines koncentrulxazebi
ani zedapiri
surfacing ger miwis zedapiris moswore-
ba
surge of sth n siuxve ramis
surmise that… n eWvi, rom...
surmount(see pottery) v ramis rameze das-
ma/dadgma,gadalaxva sirTulis
surname(family/last ~) n gvari (adamianis)
surpass(ed) v adj gaswreba,jobna,sWarbo-
bs; aRmatebuli
~in size/quantity sWarbobs zomiT/raoden
obiT
surplus of sth raime nameti/zedmeti,siWar-
be,zedmetoba,siuxve
surprise n v siurprizi; gaoceba,gakvirve
ba
surprising(ly) adj adv gasakviri.(ga)saoca-
244
ri,gasaocrad,saocaria...
surrender v danebeba,mters Cabareba(qala-
qis,tyved)
surround(ed) v adj garsSemortyma/garsSe-
mortymuli,alyis Semovleba/al-
yaSemovlebuli,qalaqze/cixeze
Semowyoba
surrounding adj garSemo,mezobeli(sagne-
bi,mxare,kuTxe qveynis),moicavs
~ territory garSemo/mimdebare terito-
ria
surrounds/surroundings n pl garemo,Semoga-
reni
suspect n v eWvmitanili, eWvi vinmeze
suspicion n eWvi
survey n v naSromi=gamokvleva=mimoxil-
va,agegmva,(gamo)kvleva,dazverva,
mokvleva; kvleva-Zieba,Seswavla
surveyor n mkvlevari
survival n is,rac SemorCenila,gadarCena,
masalis gamZleoba,SenarCuneba
~ of times past warsulis (gadmo)naSTi
survive v SenarCuneba,SemorCena,darCena,
gadarCena,bunebrivi gadarCeva
sth failed to ~ Sewyda/Sewyvita arseboba
sth ~ no longer raRac aRar arsebobs
survived adj gadarCenili,SemorCenili
surviving from… SemorCenili raRac
droidan,gadarCenili
survivor n gadarCenili/SemorCenili vin-
me/rame
survivors n pl (gadmo)naSTi,narCeni
suspect v eWvi=varaudi
suspectible adj mosalodneli,saeWvo
non ~ adj yovlad miuRebeli
suspend(ed) v adj droebiTi akrZalva,
CamoqveiTeba,kidia/kiduli
~on sth raRac kidia raRacaze
suspicion n eWvi,varaudi
suspicious adj saeWvo
sustain(able)(ing) v adj SenarCuneba,Semor-
Cena,mxardaWera; misaRebi,saTanado;
mxardamWeri
sustained adj xangrZlivi
suture n nakeri Tavis Qqalaze
swag of fruit xilis kunwula
swamps n pl Waobi
swampy adj Waobiani
~ nature of terrain niadagis Waobianoba
Swastika n svastika
~ pelta svastika-jvari
sway n v Zaladoba,gavlena,ryeva,cvale-
 სარჩევი

badoba ~of persuasion rwmenis ~

hold ~ gavlenis qona(teritoriaze)
~opinion towards…azris gadaxra…...ken
under sb’s ~ vinmes gavlenis qveS
while the ~ ryevebis dros
swear n v fici; daficeba,Seficva
swede n adj Talgamura, (miwa)mpala/mxa-
la(si)
sweep n v Wis owinari; (da)gva,(mi)xveta,
ganadgureba,walekva
~ across v mtris Semoseva=gadavla
full ~ aRgva, sruli ganadgureba
sweeping adj gamanadgurebeli,wamlekavi,
raRac farTobis mTlianad
momcveli ram
~horns basri rqebi
sweet adj tkbili,surnelovani
~broom n adj Tagvisara,Zmerxli(s) (mc)
~ pea n winwkali
~ pie n adj cercvela(si)
sth covered with ~ ~ raime cvaradasmu
li/cvaraTi Semkuli
~ smelting adj keTilsurnelovani
swell n burcobi,(g)amoberiloba,SemaRle
ba
swelling adj gamoberili,gamoburculi
swidden cultivation n saaxoe meurneoba
swift adj swrafi,daiyovneblivi
swim(ing) v adj curva; mocurave,sacurao
~ pool sacurao auzi
switch n v maTraxi, CarTva riame saqmeSi
Sereva ramisa rameSi
~from…to gadarTva saqmidan saqmeze
swivel n detalebis SemaerTebeli saxsa-
ri/qusli
swollen adj gamoberili,Seberili,naberi.
amoburculi,SemaRlebuli adgili
nivTze
swoop down/on v dacxroma=daacxre ra-
mes
sword(see dagger) n maxvili
Creta-Mycenae ~ kreta-mikenuri ~~
double-handled ~ saorxelo ~
~ rapier n rapira
single-bladed ~ calfxiani ~
~ with cut end bolokveTili ~
sworn adj Seficuli
syllabari n adj marcvlovani=silaburi an
bani
symbol(ic)(ized) n adj niSani=simbolo;
simboluri
phalic ~ falosis simbolo
~of power Zalauflebis ~
overt ~ aSkara ~
replete with ~ simbolizmiT datvirTuli
symbolism n simbolizmi
exuberant ~ gadaWarbebuli ~
~of maleness mamris/mamruli ~
symmetry n simetria
bilateral ~ ormxrivi ~
symposium/symposii n sing/pl Lat. lxini;
simpoziumi
synchronous adj erTdrouli=Tanadro-
uli=sinqronuli
syncretism n sinkretizmi
Synod(al) n adj sinodi(s)
synopsis/synopses n sing/pl Lat. daskvna,re
ziume
synthesis n sinTezi
synthesize v sinTezi(reba)
synthronon n sinTrononi
system(atic) n adj sistema=qseli; sistemu
ri=sistematuri,gegmiuri
T
tab n kiliti
Tabernacle n israelitTa moZravi ekle-
sia
Table n sjulis ficari
table n magida,tabaki,mRvdelmTavris tax
xti,cxrili=tabula,Tavis qalas
firfita
~ cloth n magidis sufra
~ land n plato
~ of contents wignis sarCevi=Sinaarsi
tablet n Tixis firfita, wamlis abi
hinged ~ anjamiani/gadabmuli firfit
ebi
tack n v raime sagnis Tavi,Wikarti,pata-
ra lursmani; danawevreba,daqucmaceba
tad adv odnav
~earlier/later odnav adre/gvian
tag n adj tkeCi(s),Wapnis Rvedi,Wapani,ar-
qeologiuri masalis etiketi
tail n kudi,kabis grZeli bolo=Sleifi,
kalTa,monetis kide(rkali,CarCo)
~end bolo/ukiduresi wertili ramis
tailless adj ukudo
tained n adj kaliani amalgama/amalgamis
take v aReba,miReba,miyvana,mitana,cixis/
qalaqis aReba,Sepyroba
~ advantage of sargebloba ramiT
~ away v warTmeva,waReba

245
 სარჩევი
~ care v movla,zrunva,mwyemsva(bibl)
~ decision v gadawyvetilebis miReba
~ duties over saqmeebis/movaleobis miRe
ba
~ the form of… formis aReba/miReba
~for granted simarTled miCneva ramis
~ from sb gadaReba vinmesgan
~ holy orders sasuliero wodebis miReba
~ in v SeTviseba,Sewova
~ in count saTvalavSi CaTvla,gaTvalis-
wineba
~ into account gaTvaliswineba,mxedvelo
baSi miReba
~ into consideration gaTvaliswineba
~ measures zomebis miReba
~ monastic vows/the veil berad/monazvnad
aRkveca
~ office Tanamdebobis miReba
~ on v Sesruleba
~ on the full of being daniSnulebis sru-
lad Sesruleba
~ out v amoReba, gareT gatana
~over vinmes jobna,xelT aReba ramis
~ ~ the territory teritoriis dakaveba
~ part in sth v monawileobis miReba
~ photo v suraTis gadaReba
~ place v xdeba,mimdinareobs,tardeba,
ewyoba/mowyoba(RonisZieba)
~ sight v mizanSi amoReba
~the throne gvirgvinis mopoveba,taxtis
dakaveba
~ up v zeviT atana/waReba
~ upon the character raime xasiaTis mi-
Reba
~ upon oneself v kisreba/ikisro rame
~ a vow v aRTqmis dadeba
~ a vow not to marry uxrwnelobis=celi
batis aRTqma
~a while drois mogeba/idrovo
takeover v gakontroleba teritoriis
tale n ambavi,istoria,zRapari,legenda
talent n niWi,talanti
talented adj niWiT
dajildoebuli,niWieri
talisman n Tilisma
talismanic(see power) adj Tilismis
talk(s) n v saubari; molaparakeba(ni)
tall n adj xarki(s), (tan)maRali
tally v Seesabameba
~closely kargad Seesabameba
~with sth ramis Sesabamisi, etiketis
Sebma rameze
246
tambourine n daira
tame(d) v adj moSinaureba/moSinaurebu-
li
tang n sagnis yunwi
tangle n wyeba,rigi,simravle
tank n avzi
tankard n yuriani kaTxa xufiT
tangible adj sagrZnobi,gasagebi,sagnobri-
vi,materialuri,xelSesaxebi
~expression materialuri gamoxatul-
eba ramis
in~ adj gamousadegari
~remains/remnants materialuri naSTi
tangle(ed) n v adj absurdi,gaurkvevloba,
uwesrigoba,rTuli,CaxlarTuli
tannery n dabaxana
tantalizing adj mtanjveli
taper n v wvrili sanTeli; daviwroveba,
dawvrileba
tapered adj dawvrilebuli,solisebr wa-
maxuli,solisebri
tapestry(work) n gobeleni,fardagi
tap into sth v Caketva sadme
~ ~ the wealth simdidreSi Cafluli
tar n adj v kupri(s),fisi(s); mokupvra=
kupriT dafarva
tarboosh n fesi=feska (qudi)
target n v mizani=samizne; damizneba
~ day/time daniSnuli dro ramis dasas
ruleblad
targeted for… gamiznuli ramisTvis,damiz-
nebuli
targeteer n fexosani mebrZoli fariT
tarnish(ed) v adj patiniT dafarva/dafa-
ruli,gaxuneba/gaxunebuli
tarragon n adj ტarxuna/tarxunis, Artemi-
sia dracunculus Lat.
tartar n adj Rvinis qva/qvis
tartaric acid n adj Rvinis mJava
task n amocana,davaleba,daniSnuleba,mo-
valeoba,mizani,saqme
easy/hard ~ advili/Zneli saqme
taste n v gemovneba; gemos gasinjva
~for sth midrekileba ramisadmi,siyvar-
uli ramis,(icodnen gemo)
have little ~ for sth ar mowoneba,survil-
lis arqona
tassel n funji (ornamenti)
tat n v maqmani; wvna
Taurus n xari (zodiaqos niSani)
tax n v baJi,begara,gadasaxadi,Svilis/
mSoblis vali=tvirTi; gamocda Rme-
 სარჩევი
rTisgan,dabegvra,gadasaxadis dawese
seba,baJis akrefa
taxa n baJi=gadasaxadi
animal ~ gadasaxadis gadaxda naxiriT
taxation n baJis akrefa,dabegvra
taxed adj dabegrili
teach(er) v n ganswavla vinmesi=swavleba
maswavlebeli
teachings n pl swavleba(ni),moZRvreba
team(ster) n gundi,jgufi; Ziris mexre
tear n v cremli; dagleja,daxeva
~ down v dangreva
~ into pieces v dafleTa
~shaped adj cremlis formis
teat n ZuZu
technical(ly) adj adv teqnikuri,teqnikurad
technique n ramis keTebis teqnika
teeming with people mWidrod dasaxlebu-
li,xalxiT gadaWedili
teff=Eragrostis abyssinca Lat. n adj cocxa
(si) (mc)
tell v (gamo)Tqma, mboba
~ fortune v marCieloba
~ off v sayveduris Tqma
~sth apart ganasxvavo erTmaneTisgan
telling adj metyveli,Zlieri,Zireuli,
Rrma,SesamCnevi
~ example ~ magaliTi
~ evidence ~ dasturi
~ indication mravlismTqmeli/mWevrmety-
veli gamoxatuleba ramisa
temper n v ganwyoba,xasiaTi;(gamo)brZme-
da/wrToba,rameSi ramis Sereva
temperate(ly)(ness) adj adv n zomieri; zo-
mierad,zomiereba,TavSekavebuli
tempered adj nawrTobi,minarevebiani
chaff/sand ~ bze/qviSanarevi mag. Tixa
not ~ uwrTobi,uminarevo
tempering adj ger sawrTobi; wrToba
temple n safeTqeli,warmarTuli samlo-
cvelo,taZari,bomoni; sasafeTqle,
sataZro
~dedicated to… taZari vinmes/ramis saxe-
lobaze
funerary ~ dasakrZalavi taZari
~pendant sasafeTqle sakidi
~ring ~ rgoli
sth for ~ use sataZro/taZarSi mosaxmari
~tomb=hierothesion Gr. taZari-samarxi
tempo n ritmi,tempi
change ~ ritmis/tempis Secvla
temporal adj droebiTi,saero,warmavali
247
~ affairs saero saqmeni
~ power ~ xelisufleba
~ settling ~ dasaxleba
temporality n warmomavloba
temporally limited droSi SezRuduli
temporalty n saeklesio mamuli/Semosava-
li
temporarily adv droebiT(ad)
temporary adj droebiTi
tempt(ation)(ed)(ing) v n adj cduneba; cdu
nebuli,macdunebeli,biZgis mimcemi
Ten Commandments/Tablets aTi mcneba
ten(th) num adj aTi,meaTe
tenable adj gamZle,Zlieri,jansaRi,Tadac-
vis unaris mqone
tenacious adj mWidi,jiuti,mtkice,Seudre-
keli
tenaciously adv jiutad,mtkiced,Seudrek-
lad
tenacity n sicocxlisunarianoba
tenant n mdgmuri,moijare
tend v swrafva,midrekileba,Zoveba,movla
emTxveva/damTxveva,emsaxureba rasme,
gadaxra
tended adj midrekili
tendence n amala
tendency n mimdinareoba,midrekileba,mi-
marTuleba,swrafva,tendencia
tender adj norCi,nazi,rbili xasiaTis
mqone
tending adj ger midrekili; midrekileba
tendon n adj xrtili(s)
Achiles ~ aqilevsis qusli
tendril n vazis ulvaSi,grexili, xvia
~ like adj lerwis/ulvaSisebri
tenet n principi
tenfold adj aTmagi,aTjeradi
tenon n Sverili=wkiri erTi detalisa
meoreSi Casasmelad
tenor n gamyivani(momRerlis xma)
tentatively adv miaxloebiT,savaraudod
tenuously adv odnav,sustad
tense v adj daZabva,daZabuli
tensil n adj yalbi oqromkedi(s),oqros
varayi(s)
tension n dawola,daZabuloba,daWimulo-
ba,simkvrive
tensions n pl daZabuli uTrTierTobebi
tent n karavi
~site karvebis qalaqi
tentative(ly) adj adv savaraudo(d),sacde-
li,winaswar(i),droebiT(i),hipoTe-
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turi,samuSao hipoTezis saxiT
tephra n adj vulkanuri nacari/ferfli
tenuous adj aramyari,susti
term n v saxeli/saxelwodeba=termini,
vada=dro=semestri,sakiTxi,raimes-
Tvis saxelis darqmeva, ewoda...
group ~ jgufuri saxeli ramis
long/short ~ xangrZlivi/xanmokle
termed adj saxeldarqmeuli ram,ewoda...
terms n pl viTareba
terminal n adj nivTis bolo; bolo,dama-
boloebeli,ukiduresi
~ mounting raime saganze wamosacmeli
ram
terminate v dabjena,mibjena,dayrdnoba
ramisa rameze,Camagreba
~ upon v ramis dayrdnoba rameze
~ with v sagnis bolos daboloeba
ramiT
terminated (with sth) raime sagani dabolo-
ebuli ramiT
terminating sth ramis damamTavrebeli/da-
maboloebeli ram,dadgmuli rameze
rame
termination n daboloeba raime sagnis
terrace n v baqani=terasa; baqnis/baqnebis
keTeba=dateraseba
series of terraced baqnebis rigi
terraced adj baqnebiani=daterasebuli=te
terasuli
terracing adj ger terasuloba,dateraseba
embanking wall for ~ baqnis gasamagrebe-
li kedeli
terragon=Artemisia dracunculus Lat, n adj
tarxuna/tarxunis
terrain n miwa/miwis zedapiri,miwieri,ad-
gili,reliefi,teritoria
mountainous ~ mTiani/mTagoriani re-
liefi
rugged ~ mTagoriani ~
Terrazzo Floor building kirqvis nagleji
qviT nagebi
terrestrial n xmeleTis cxovelebi maT So-
ris adamianic
terrible adj avi,saSiSi,saSineli
terrify(ing) v adj daSineba,SiSismomgvreli
territoriality n teritoriuloba
territory n teritoria
terse adj daxvewili,rCeuli
~ orator mWevrmetyveli
tertiary n adj mesameuli periodi
tessellate(d) v adj mozaikis dageba; moza-
ikiT dafaruli,mozaikuri
248
tessera/tesserae n sing/pl Lat. mozaikis
kenWi,mozaika
~ technique mozaikis dagebis teqnika
test n v (gamo)cda,Semowmeba,(mo)sinjva
~ of time drois gamocda
~ pit/well sadazvervo ormo/Wrili
~ spoon sinjis kovzi
take a ~ sinjis aReba
~ tube sinjara
testament n anderZi
testify v damowmeba,dadastureba
~ against v ~ ~ sapirispirod/sawi-
naaRmdegod
~ to v ~ ~ sasargeblod
~ with example ~ ~ damtkiceba maga-
liTiT
testimony n sabuTi
direct ~ pirdapiri ~
~ for sth v dadastureba ramis
~of sth dasturi/sabuTi ramisa
on the ~ of sb viracis mtkicebiT...
poignant ~ utyuari/wyalgauvali ~
stark ~ to sth srulyofili ~
~to sth dasturi/sabuTi ramisa
testing adj (gamo)sacdeli
tetartemorion/tetartemorioni n sing/pl Lat. te-
tartemorioni
tetra… pref. oTx…
tetrahedral adj oTxgverda,oTxwaxnaga
tetrahedron n ~ sxeuli
tetrarch(y) n tetrarqi(a)
text n teqsti
~ book n saxelmZRvanelo=wigni
compose/set up ~ teqstis akrefa=da-
beWdva
master ~ samuSao teqsti(romelsac
kveTdnen qvaze/gadawerdnen)
~pertaining to sth teqsti exeba...(Temas)
~ reads… teqsti ikiTxeba…
~ runs as followes… ~ gvamcnobs,teqs-
tidan vigebT…
textile n adj qsovili(s),saqsovi
~manufacture qsovilis damzadeba
textual(ly) adj adv teqstobrivi/teqstob-
rivad,zustad
texture n agebuleba,Semadgenloba,faqtu
ra
thalassocracy n sazRvao saxelmwifo
than(cf. then) conj. vidre
thank n v madloba, madlobis Tqma,(gan)
dideba
thankful(ly) adj adv madlieri/madlobeli;
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sabednierod thesis/thesisis n sing/pl Lat. Tezisi

thanks to sb/sth vinmes/ramis wyalobiT thick adj sqeli,msxvili
thanksgiving(see service) adj samadlobeli ~ wood(see timber) n mori
that pron. is, rac, im thicken(ed) v adj gasqeleba/gasqelebuli,
thatch n adj isli(s) gamsxvileba/gamsxvilebuli,Sesqe-
thaw v yinulis dnoba leba/Sesqelebuli
thematic adj Tematuri thicket n gauvali(uRrani/xSiri) tye/tev-
theme n Tema(nawarmoebis),sakiTxi ri
recurring ~ mimdinare Tema thickly adv mWidrod
then(cf.than) adv maSin ~ dotted wertilebiT dafaruli=werti
the ~ adj maSindeli lovani ornamenti
thence adv iqidan moyolebuli,Semdeg; thickness(see stratification) n sisqe,simkvri-
Tumc(a),amdenad,amgvarad ve
~ forth adv aqedan moyolebuli,Semd- thigh n adj barZayi(s)
gom amisa… thimble n saTiTe
theologian n RvTismetyveli,Teologi thime n adj gareuli/viris pitna, thymus
theological adj saRvTismetyvelo,RvTis- ssp. Lat.
metyveluri,sulieri,Teologi- thin adj v sifrifana,meCxeri,Txeli/gaTxe
uri leba,wvrili
~ academy/seminary sasuliero semina- ~ coating nafifqi=naleqi
ria thing n (monapovari)nivTi,sagani,sakiTxi
theology n RvTismetyveleba,Teologia thining n ger siTxele, gaTxeleba
theophoric adj Teoforuli think v fiqri,dafiqreba,gaazreba,miCneva,
theorist n Teoretikosi CaTvla,rom…
theory n azri,mosazreba,Teoria ~ about/after v mofiqreba
in ~ Teoriulad ~ of v sakiTxisadmi midgoma
Theotokos=Mother of God n RvTismSobeli ~ out v gaazreba,moazreba,mofiqreba
Theotokos Chrysokephalos=Golden Headed ~ thinkable adj warmosadgeni=is, rac SeiZ-
oqrosTaviani RvTismSobeli leba moifiqros adamianma
there adv iq thinker n moazrovne
~ immediately iqve gverdiT thinking n ger azri; fiqri
thereabouts n pl Semogareni thinly adv meCxerad,Txlad
in ~ of mezoblobaSi/samezobloSi ~clad ~ ~ dafaruli
~ of adv mezoblad third num adj mesame
thereafter adv raRac droidan moyole- thirsty adj mwyurvale
buli da Semdgom,Semdgom amisa, this pron. es, am
Semdeg(Si),amieridan,amis Semdeg ~ kind/sort amgvari
thereby adv da amdenad(amrigad,amgvarad) ~ and that es da/Tu is
therefore adv amis gamo/mizwziT,aqedan thither adv iq, im adgilas,yvela mxares
gamomdinare/moyolebuli,amis Se- tholos/tholoi n sing/pl Lat. Tolosi
degad..,amitom,am mizeziT..,amasTan thong n Rvedi
(ave),amavdroulad thorn(y) n adj ekali/eklis,ekliani/ekle-
therein adv aq/iq(ve),amaSi/imaSi biani
thermal(see treatment) adj Termuli,cxeli, thorough adv srulyofili,yovlismomc-
Tburi veli,safuZvliani,absoluturi,
~ well ~ wyaro gamowvlilviTi,dasrulebuli
thesaurus/thesauri n sing/pl Lat. (ganZT)saca ~time droTa ganmavlobaSi
vi,leqsikoni(Semcveli ara mar- thoroughgoing adj yovlismomcveli,sruli
to sityvebisa,aramed rigi fra- thoroughly adv yovelmxriv,srulyofilad
zebisa) Rrmad,safuZvlianad,absoluturad
thesis n sadisertacio Tema=naSromi=di- thoroughout adv ganmavlobaSi (drois)
sertacia though adv …da mainc.., Tumc(a),miuxeda-
thesis/theses n sing/pl Lat. Teza

249
 სარჩევი

vad raRacisa ~ contacts kavSirebis meSveobiT

even ~ miuxedavad imisa, rom...
thought n adj azri,fiqri; Cafiqrebuli(a)
nafiqri(a)
~ out adj gaazrebuli(a)
sth is ~ to be miRebulia,miCneulia
thoughtful(ly) adj adv dafiqrebuli,goni-
eri,Wkviani; gonivrulad,Wkvi-
anurad
thoughtless adj daufiqrebeli,uyuradRe-
bo
thread n adj Zafi(s)
unifying ~ gamaerTianebeli Zafi
threat(see danger) n v SiSi,saSiSroeba,sa-
frTxe,muqara
in the wake of ~ saSiSroebis win
pose a/no ~ to sb/sth ~ (ar)Seqmna
under ~ SiSis qveS
threaten v damuqreba,muqara,SeSineba
Three in One(see Trinity) sameba
three num adj sami
~ dimensional adj samganzomilebiani
~ edged adj samwaxnaga
~ fold adj sammagi,samnawiliani,gasamma-
gebuli
~ headed adj samTaviani
~ legged adj samfexa
~ partite adj samnawiliani
~ times adv samjer
thresh(ed)(er) v adj n (ga)lewva,cexva; ga-
lewili,nacexvi; kevri
threshing adj ger nalewi,salewi,nacexvi;
kalooba,lewva,cexva
~ floor kalo
threshold n zRurbli,(sa)zRvari
~ line gamyofi zRvari
thread n v Zafi; Zafze asxma,Zafis gayra
thriving adj ayvavebuli,warmatebuli
throat(see neck) n yeli (adamianis,cxove-
lis)
throbbed adj cocxali/sicocxliT savse,
mfeTqavi
throne(see royal) n adj taxti,sataxto
assume the ~ taxtis dakaveba/miReba
come to the ~ taxtze asvla
on assuming the ~ taxtis dakavebisas/
miRebisas
~ room sefe darbazi
uphold the ~ taxtis SenarCuneba
throng n amala,brbo
through prep. adv gziT,gavliT,saSuale-
biT
~ period raRac drois ganmavlobaSi
~ sb/sth vinmes/ramis meSveobiT/saSu-
ualebiT
throw v gadagdeba,srola,tyorcna
~ about v gafantva,mimoyra
~ away v gadayre,gadagdeba
~ down v Camogdeba,Zirs dagdeba
~ light on v naTelis mofena=sakiTxis
gaSuqeba
~ on the wheel WurWlis amoyvana Carx-
ze
~ up v zeviT agdeba/ayra, miwidan mce-
naris amosvla
throwing adj ger satyorcni; tyorcna
thrown adj gadagdebuli,natyorcni,nasro
li
hursday n xuTSabaTi=iupiterisa; afro-
dite
thrust v darWoba,SerWoba,dartyma
diagonal ~ Tanabrad moqmedi Zala=Tana
barZaliani moqmedeba
~ far from… v gandevna
~ in v SerWoba
~ out v amotexva,amomtvreva,amogleja
thumble into v raRacaSi Cavardna
thumbnail curved frCxilisebri ornamenti
thunder(er) n mexi, mexis mfrqveveli
thurible n sasakmevle
thus n adj adv sakmeveli/sakmevlis,wiwvi-
ani,xis fisi; miuxedavad imisa..,amri-
gad..,amasTan..,amgvarad..,amdenad...
thwart v gadaRobeba,xelis SeSla,xazeb-
is gadakveTa
thyme n adj qondara(si)(ix.urci)(mc)
thyme(Thumus=Satureia hortensis Lat) n adj
begqondara(si)
tiara n tiara
ticket n bileTi,qviTari
tide n adj v zRvis moqceva-ukuqceva; fa-
qizi; dalageba/milageba(mag,saxlis)
~ week samdRiani marxva
tidiness n sisufTave
tidy adj sufTa,gasufTavebuli,dalagebu-
li
tie n v yelsaxvevi,kaSne,halstuxi,sabeli
kavSiri,Sebma=Cabma,Sekvra,dakavSire-
ba,gadabma,mibma
~ line gadabmis/SeerTebis xazi
~ plate saZgidi,Zgide
~together erTad Sekvra
~ up v abma

250
 სარჩევი
tied adj gadabmuli,mibmuli,Sekruli,uuf
lebo
~ employee uuflebo moqiravne
~ ends daxveuli boloebi
~to sth damokidebuli/mibmuli rameze
~ together gadaWdobili
~ up Sekiduli
tiere n iarusi,fena,safexuri
2,3..tiered 2,3...feniani
tiered adj baqnebiani,safexuredi
ties n pl usu. kavSirebi
cut ~ with sb kavSirebis gawyveta vinmes
Tan
tight adj (da)xSuli=yru,mWidro,uZravi,
mWirxne
~rope walked by sb vinmes mier marTuli
tighten v (Se)moWera
tightly adv mWidrod,uZravad,mWirxned
~ fitted momdgari samosi,morgebuli
detali
tilde(see titlo) n qaragma,qaragmis niSani
tile n adj kramiti(s),Tunis mili(s),So-
renkeci(s)
antifixa/antifixorum n sing/pl Lat. Sublis
kramiti
bent/gutter ~ naribandiani=narimandi-
ani ~
bonnet(bridge,crest,ridge) ~ kexis ~
box ~ = box flue sakvamuris ~
chanelled/grooved ~ Rariani ~
~drain Tixis/keramikuli mili
Dutch ~ Sorenkeci=kafeli
edge/side ~ kidis/kiduris ~
facing ~ saperange Sorenkeci
flag ~ n lorfini
flange of a ~ kramitis akecili gverdi
flat/plain ~ brtyeli kramiti
~ ~ ~ with sides turned up brtyeli
gverdebakecili ~
floor/paving ~ iatakze dasasgebi Tixis
fila
~flooring Tixis filaqniani iataki
frontal(cf.antifixa) ~ Sublis ~
glazed ~ QaSanuris Sorenkeci
~ groove/rim kramitis lilvaki
grooved ~ kalipteri
~ kiln kramitis gamosawvavi Rumeli
pantile ~ Rariani kramiti
roof(ing) ~ saxuravis ~
voussoir ~ soluri/solisebri ~
~ with sides turned up keramida
tiled adj kramitiT daxuruli
251
~floor Tixis filebiT mogebuli iataki
till(age) v n xvna,miwis damuSaveba,naxnavi
tillery n kramitis saxelosno
till prep. v ...mde (manamde); miwis damuSa-
veba
~ now aqamde
~ today dRemde
tilled adj damuSavebuli/moxnuli miwa
tiller n mxvneli,mxvnel-mTesveli,guTnis-
deda
tilt n daxrilobis kuTxe,gverdze gada-
xra,naxnavis siRrme
titlo(see tilde) n qaragma
timber(see thick) n adj bigi,mori,Zeli,xe-
tye(masala); Zeluri,xis(a),samdiumi
ani ficari
~ framing of logs ZelebiT amogebuli
~ line tyis gavrcelebis zRvari/zoli
~ works n samxerxao
timbered adj xiT SeWedili
~ area/country tyiani adgili/qveyana
timbering n Senobis nawilebis samagri
time n dro,vada,xani
as ~ went by droTa ganmavlobaSi
at N time(s) (romelime) droSi/xanebSi
be in effect for N ~ moqmedeba raRac dro
Si
by the N ~ raRac droisTvis
~ consuming drois danaxarji
for a long ~ xangrZlivad
for many ~ (s) bevrjer,mravaljer
for the ~ being amjerad
from the earliest time(s) ZvelTagan
from the earliest ~ until today uZvelesi
droidan dRemde
from ~ immemorial dasabamidan
from ~ to ~ drodadro,xandaxan
from that~forth moyolebuli iqidan da
Semdeg
from this~forwsrd aqedan moyolebuli...
go back to~when…midis drois iseT si-
RrmeebSi,rom...
good stretch(es) of~karga xnis manZilze
~honoured eriskaci,didi adamiani,aRi-
arebuli,Rvawlmosili,raime Zir-
Zveli,cnobili,saukueebgamovli-
li,droSi nacadi,Zveleburi
in ~ ~ way Zveleburad
in ~ droulad
on ~ droze
over ~droTa ganmavlobaSi,damatebiTi
dro
 სარჩევი

~reckoning drois aTvla/gamoTvla today's adj dRevandeli,sadReiso

~scale drois monakveTi toe n fexis TiTi,fexsacmlis cxviri
~span ~ xangrZlivoba long sharp ~ fexsamlis Wvinti
~table n ganrigi toga n toga
that/this ~ im/am dros together pron. erTad
towards(certain) ~ am/im droisTvis ~ with sb/sth vinmesTan/ramesTan ~
troubled ~ (s) areulobis/Znelbedobis togetherness n erToba,erTianoba,erTad,
xana siaxlove,sulieri erToba
timelag between droSi CamorCena or ram- token n samaxsovro saCuqari,dasturi
es Soris by the~ dasturi/dasturad imisa,rom...
timeless adj maradi(uli),waruvali,usas- tole n baJi,gadasaxadi
rulo tolerable adj asatani,mosaTmeni,Semwynareb
timeliness n Tanadrouloba luri
timely adv drouli(a) tolerance n Semwynarebloba/Sewynareba,
timing n ramis Sesrulebis vada,drois atana
gansazRvra/daniSvna tolerant adj Semwynarebeli,Semwynareblu-
timespan n drois monakveTi/xangrZlivo- ri,amtani
ba sb ~/have ~ attitude towards other religions
tin n adj v kala/kalis; mokalva Semwynarebeli sxva religiebis
~bearing kalis Semcveli mimarT
~slag kalis namwvi tolerate v atana,moTmena,Sewynareba
~ smith n mkalavi tomb(see burial) n samarxi,saflavi(qviT/
tinder(see steel) n adj abedi(s) ZegliT)
tingle n farTeTaviani lursmani ~approached from above by staircase sa-
tinker(see tin) n mkalavi marxSi Sesasvleli zevidan kibiT
tinnery n kalis sabado central/main ~ mTavari ~
tinning=tinsmith's shop n samkalao saxelo clay plinth ~ Tixisfila ~
sno (co)memorial/memorable ~ samaxsovro
tint n livlivi,elvareba,ciali,romelime ~ contained… samarxSi aRmoCnda...
feris toni double-chamber ~ orsenakiani ~
tiny adj pawawina,cida empty ~ carieli ~
tip n v sagnis wveri/wveti,taris Tavi,mi- gold laden ~ oqroTi savse ~
wis kide zRvasTan,WurWlidan hall-porch ~ magaroni=megaroni
gadmosxma inhumation ~ inhumaciuri ~
downward pointing ~ QqveviT mimarTuli inlet ~ CaSvebuli ~
wveri in part excavated ~ nawilobriv gaTx-
inward ~ ~ Signi ~ ~ rili ~
outward ~ ~ gareT ~ ~ lavish(richly-furnished/wealthy) ~ mdid-
upward ~ ~ zeviT ~ ~ ruli ~
tire out v daRla,moqancva male ~ (mama)kacis ~
tired adj daRlili,moqanculi memorial ~ samaxsovro ~
tireless adj dauRalavi,daucxromeli moundless ~ uzvinulo ~
tiresome adj damRleli,damqancveli,mZime multiply ~ mravaljer gamoyenebuli ~
tissue n adj farCa/farCis ~ of female with foetus orsulis ~
title n adj v (saxel)wodeba,tituli/sati- over ~ girder cover Zelfenili samar-
tulo,naSromis saTauri; dasaTaure- xis Tavze
ba pit ~ ormosamarxi
~ deed iad(a)gari,gujari pitless ~ uormoo ~
~ page satitulo furceli plinth/slab-built ~ filasamarxi
titled adj dasaTaurebuli ritual ~ ritualuri ~
titulary n tituli,titulatura secondary ~ meored=orjer gamoyene-
today adv dRes buli ~

252
 სარჩევი
slab-covered ~ fila-qviT daxuruli
stone-box ~ lodsamarxi
tile/tile-built ~ kkramitsamarxi
temple ~ =hierothesion Gr. taZari-samar
xi
tile-roofed ~ kramitiT daxuruli
~ with a shelf in one side Taro ~
~ with circular barrow wriulqvayrili-
ani ~
~ with timber framing of logs ZelebiT amo
gebuli ~
~ under barrow gorasamarxi
toggle n tyavis samosis Sesakravi nivTi
tonement adj usaxuri
tonet n rwmena
tongs n pl gazi,marwuxi,sakece
tongue(see language,speech) n ena(organo/
salaparako),abzindis ena; TaTi/Sve-
rili sxva detalSi Casasmelad
~hanging/put out enagadmogdebuli
too adv metismetad,Zalze,agreTve,…...c
~ many/much metismeti,zedmeti(Tvladi
/uTvladi)
tool n iaraRi=xelsawyo,saSualeba
v xelawyos xmareba, xelsawyoebiT
aRWurva
butchering ~ xorcis dasamuSavebeli
xelsawyo
cutting ~ saWrisi qvis(a)
finished ~ dasrulebuli xelsawyo
~heavy duty ~ gamZle xelsawyo
~kit xelawyoebis nakrebi/Casawyobi yu-
Ti/CanTa
make~on flake anatkecisgan iaraRis/
xelsawyos (ga)keTeba
~maker n xelsawyos mkeTebeli/ostati
notched ~ ~romelsac xmarebis kvali
etyoba
projectile ~ satyorcni iaraRi qvis(a)
scraping ~ safxeki qvis(a)
~ shed n xelsawyoebis Sesanaxi far-
duli
~stone xelsawos gasakeTeblad vargi-
si qva
~using human xelsawyos momxmarebeli
adamiani
~working xelsawyo-iaraRis damzadeba
tooth/teeth n kbil(eb)i
axle(back/(pre)molar) ~ saZire(samfesvi-
ani) ~
bicuspid ~ orfesviani ~ (8 cali)
canine qveda eSv(eb)i
253
child's first ~ sarZeve kbilebi
eye ~ zeda eSv(eb)i
incisor ~ saWreli kbilebi
lateral ~ gverdiTi ~
second ~ axali ~
toothed adj kbilebiani(sagani)
small ~ wvrilkbila ~
~ wheel kbilebiani borbali
top n Tavi,Txemi,wveri,wvti,kenwero,mTa-
vari,ufrosi(ara asakiT)
ball-ended ~ TavburTula(sagnis)Tavi
chisel-shaped ~ satexisebri ~
~ finds zedapiruli=anakrefi masala
flat/plain-topped Tavbrtyeli ram
handle ~ saxeluris/taris Tavi
openwork ~ Wviruli ~
rivet ~ manWvlis/moqlonis ~
~soil miwis zeda fena
~ ~ land miwis Tanamedrove zedapiri
tied ~ Tavdaxveuli ram
~to bottom Tavdayira
twisted ~ Tavdaxveuli/gadaxveuli ~
topcoat n v palto,mosasxami, raime zeda-
piris gadalesva bolo feniT
topic n sakiTxi,Tema,siuJeti
polemic ~ sakamaTo/sadao Tema/sakiTxi
topmost adj sul zeda
topodrapher n topografi
topped adj amarTuli.amomarTuli,zevi-
dan dadagmuli, Tavdadgmuli ram
toque n ufarflebo qudi
torch n v CiraRdani,kvari,farani,ganaTeba
toreut n torevti
torment n v adj tanjva=wameba,satanjve-
li martviloba,samartvilo
~ life martviloba,martvilis cxovre-
ba
tormentor n tanjuli
torquatus n torkvato
torque n adj liTonis samkauli,rgoli,
xvia,xveuli
turquoise n adj firuzi(s)
torrent n Rvari,naRvarevi,xrami
torso/torsi n sing/pl Lat. torsi
tortoise n xmeleTis ku
~ shell n adj kus bakani/baknis
torture(d) n v adj tanjva-wameba; tanjva=
wameba; natanji,nawamebi,wamebuli
torus/tori n sing/pl Lat. morkaluli frizi
total(ly) adj adv v sruli,sul;srul(i)ad,
mTlianad,savsebiT,dajameba
touch v Sexeba, xelis xleba
 სარჩევი
~ up v Seferva,Semosworeba
~with sth gajereba ramisa ramiT,Sexeba
touching adj sulis SemZvreli
touchstone n adj erboqva,sanaxelavo qva,
wmindamarcvlovani salesi qva
tough adj amtani,jiuti,Seubralebeli,ma-
gari,gamZle,webovani,xisti
toughtness n amtanoba,sijiute,Seubrale-
bloba,simagre,gamZleoba,sixiste,
webovaneba
tour de force Zalis gamovlineba/gamov-
lena
one reign ~ ~ ~ mefobis erTi periodi
tournament(see championship) n Sejibri,
turniri
tow n fTila,Wapani
towards prep. …ken
tower(see torret) n adj godoli,koSki;koS-
kebiani
guard ~ TavdacviTi koSki
patrol/watch ~ saTvalTvalo koSki
~project from the wall galavanze garedan
midgmuli koSki
~where the angle of the wall changes kuTx-
is koSki
town(see city) n daba,qalaqi
~ folk(see citizen) n moqalaqe/qalaqeli
~ formation qalaqis Seqmna/Camoyalibeba
~ house funduki
~ line qalaqis (sa)zRvari
~ of trade and commerce vaWar-xelosan-
Ta=savaWro-saxelosno qalaqi
~ of worship qalaqi-taZari/samlocvelo
~ planning qalaqgegmareba
stark state-run ~ Camoyalibebuli qala
qi
stockaded ~ cixe-qalaqi
township n qalaquri dasaxleba,qalaq-
warmoqmna
toy n saTamaSo
trace n v anasaxi,niSani,kvali,naSTi,nar-
Ceni,nakvalevi,anabeWdi,asaxva,(Se)mo-
xazva,moniSvna,kvalis damCneva,miTi-
Teba,dadgena,Tvalis gadevneba
doing traces namoqmedaris kvali
~ of damage dazianebis ~
~ of fire naxanZrali,cecxlis ~
~ on v (Se)moxazva,naxazze/rukaze da-
tana
~ the process Tvalis gadevneba
traced adj asaxuli,(Se)moxazuli,moniS-
nuli,dadgenili
254
sth can be~back to… raRacis kvali mi-
dis ufro Rrmad...droSi
traceless(ly) adj adv ukvalo(d)
tracery n xuroTmoZRvruli aJuri
tracing ger daweriloba,moxazuloba
track n nakvalevi=kvali,gza,mikvleva
make ~ mgzavroba=gzis gakeTeba(mag.1,
2,3 gzoba)
~up the site midamos/Zeglis dazverva
zedapirulad(da)niSnulebis
dasma saTanado adgilebSi
~ way n v gza(wvrili),Saragza
tract n nakveTi/farTobi(mag.tyis)
traction n adj gadatana,gaweva/gamwevi,gada
adgileba
~power gamwevi Zala
trade n adj v xeloba,xelosnoba,vaWroba
savaWro,vaWroba-xelosnoba,warmoeba,
damuSaveba
~item vaWrobis sagani
~links/rout savaWro gza/gzebi
maritime ~ sazRvao vaWroba
~mark ~ niSani
~oriented vaWrobis mizniT,savaWro da-
niSnulebiT/daniSnulebis
~ road saqaravno(saxmeleTo) gza
~ with sb/sth vaWroba vinmesTan/ramiT
trade(the) n vaWrebi/vaWroba(xalxi)
traded adj warmoebuli(nawarmi),savaWro
(d)/gasayodad (gam)(dam)zadebuli
trade-off on sth SeTanxmeba rameze
trader n vaWari,mwarmoebeli
intrepot ~ Sualeduri vaWari
tradespeople n vaWroba=xalxi(sazogado
ebis nawili)
trading adj ger savaWro; vawroba,xelos-
noba
~ network savaWro qseli
~ post ~ adgili/centri,faqtoria
~ quarter rabaTi
tradition n tradicia,zepiri gadmocema
carry on/observe the ~ tradiciis dacva
disappear/go out of ~ ~ gaqroba
make sth in the ~ of… ~ mixedviT mi-
xedviT gakeTeba ramis
observance of ~ tradiciis dacva
on ~ tradiciaze,tradiciiT
sth belongs to N ~ am/im tradiciiT
traditional adj tradiciuli
~ story gadmocema,legenda
traffic(ing) n ger gza,gzaze moZraoba/mimo-
svla,gadatan-gadmotana
 სარჩევი
tragic n adj tragikosi,tragikuloba;
tragikuli
train n v kabis bolo(Sleifi); mecadine-
oba,varjiSi,swavla,wrTvna,ganswav-
la,aRzrda
~ bearer kabis/mosasxamis bolos dam-
Weri(mxevali/bavSvi)
trained adj ganswavluli,gawvrTnili
training adj ger sawvrTneli; wrTvna
trait n Tavisebureba,damaxasiaTebeli ni-
Sani/Strixi,Tviseba
traits n pl. saxis nakvTebi, niSnebi
traitor n moRalate
trajectory n traeqtoria
trampled adj datkepnili
trans… pref.(cf.cis…) gadaRma(mag. kavkasi-
onis qedis)
Transcaucasia(see cis…) n imierkavkasia
(saqarTvelosaTvis Crdilo-
kavkasia=qedis gadaRma)
transcultural adj transkulturuli
transepted adj ganivi
transepts n pl jvris mklavebi
transfer n v asli,gadacema,gadatana,as-
lis gakeTeba,gadmotana,gadmoReba,
Sewirva,gadayvana,gadaadgileba
Transfiguration (the) n feriscvaleba
(iesosi)
transform(ation)(ed) v n adj gardaqmna/ga-
daqmnili,dakeTeba/gadakeTebuli,
Secvla; cvlileba;gadaqceva/gada-
qceuli,gadamzadeba
~sth into sth gadaqceva/gardaqmna ramisa
ramed
transformational adj Semcvleli,gardamqm-
neli
~era gardaqmnis/cvlilebis xana
transgression n sanapiro zolis daweva
zRvis doneze dabla
transshipment point adgili,sadac xdeba
xalxis/tvirTis gadatan-gadayvana
erTi gemodan meoreze
transhuman adj zeadamianuri
transhumance n saqonlis sezonuri gada
rekva,xalxis gadaadgileba
transhumant adj migraciuli,sezonuri
~camp sezonuri banaki
~lifesyle ~ cxovrebis wesi
~nomad(ic) ~ momTabare
transient adj aramdgradi,droebiTi,SemTx-
veviTi,warmavali
transit n v Teodoliti; gadasvla(mag.tax
tis,periodis)
255
transition n gadasvla
in ~ gardamaval xanaSi
transitional adj gardamavali,warmavali
~ period ~ xana
translate v Targmna
translation n Targmani
translucent adj naxevrad gamWvirvale
transmigration n transmigracia
transmission n gadasvla,gadaadgileba
(kulturis,formis),gadacema Ta-
obidan Taobas/memkvidreobiT,ga-
dagzavna,Setyobineba
transmit v gadacema(Taobidan Taobas),ga-
dasvla,gadaadgileba,gadagzavna,Se
tyobineba,memkvidreobiT gadacema
transmitted adj gadacemuli Taobebs...
transmitter n gadamtani,gadamcemi
transom n ganiva
transparence/transparency n gamWvirvalo-
ba
transparent(ly) adj adv gamWvirvale(d)
transport n v transporti; (gada)zidva/ta
na,mitana,motana
means of ~ satrnsporto saSualeba
transported adj gadaziduli,gadatanili
transporting adj ger gadamtani; gadazidva,
gadatana
transverse n v adj adv gadakveTa; gamWo-
li,ganivi; gardi-gardmo
trap n v maxe,xafangi=xaro; momwyvdeva=
daWera; haeris SekumSva
trapeze n trapecia
trapezium/trapezia n sing/pl Lat. trapecia
trapezoid(al) adj trapeciuli
travel n v adj mgzavroba,mogzauroba,ga-
daadgileba,gadanacvleba
~ costs/expances mgzavrobis xarjebi
traveler n mogzauri
traveling adj ger moZravi; mogzauri,mogza-
uroba
~ exhibition ~ gamofena
traventin(e)(o) n adj Sirimis qva/qvis=ki
riani tufi(s)
traverse v gadakveTa,gadasvla=traversi
~beam ganiva (nagebobaSi)
tray n sini,langari,xonCa,tabaki
treacherous adj moRalate,moRalaturi
treachery n Ralati,undobloba
tread(ing) v ger (da)tkepna
treason n (samSoblos)Ralati
high ~ saxelmwifo(s) ~
treasure n ganZi
 სარჩევი

~ hunter ganZze monadire,ganZis maZiebe mo)cda,eskizi

li trials (the) n pl gansacdeli
~ hunting ganZze nadiroba triangle n samkuTxedi
~ trove ucnobi ganZi downward pointing ~ ~ wveriT qve-
treasurer n meWurWleTuxucesi,muzeumis viT
saganZuris mcveli, eklesiis inward ~ ~ ~ ~ Signi
meWurWle beri outward ~ ~ ~ ~ gareT
treasury n ganZTsacavi upward ~ ~ ~ ~ zeviT
treat v miwis damuSaveba,ganxilva/Seswav- triangular adj samkuTxa
la,mkurnaloba,Temis/sakiTxis gad- tribal adj satomo,tomobrivi
mocema,sakiTxisadmi midgoma,kvleva ~ chief tomis beladi
~ sb moqceva(damokidebuleba,mopyroba) tribally adv tomobrivad
vinmes mimarT tribe n tomi=modgma=xalxi
~ sb with favour pativiscemiT mopyroba tributary n moxarke
~ sth damuSaveba ramis tribute n xarki
treated as… ganxilul/miRebul iqna ro- as a ~ to pativsacemad,sapativcemod
gorc... heavy ~ mZime xarki
treatise n gamokvleva,traqtati,mecnieru- lay a ~ / ~ to v xarkis dakisreba
naSromi ~pour in from…xarki Semodis ...dan
treatment n damuSaveba,mkurnaloba trickle(d) v adj n (da)pkureba;napkurebi,ni-
thermo ~ n Termuli damuSaveba Sani
treaty n zavi,morigeba,polit. traqtati, first ~ of iron rkinis pirveli=uadresi
SeTanxmeba gamoCena
enter into~with sb zavis dadeba triclinia=triclinum/triclinae n sing/pl Lat. tri-
make~ zavis dadeba/dazaveba klinumi=satrapezo
~trade sazavo SeTanxmeba tricycle adj samTvala
treble n adj diskanti ~ vehicle ~ sazidari
Tree of Life(the) sicocxlis xe trident n adj samTiTi; samTiTa
tree n adj xe,xis(mag. tani,toti) trifle n raime umniSvnelo
~ stump xis kunZi fesvebiT trigger n v Tofis sasxleti/Caxmaxi,amoq-
treeless adj utyeo medeba,gamowveva,biZgis micema
treering n xis wliuri rkali triggered by… adj gamowveuli (..mier)
trefoil adj samkuTxa triggering adj gamomwvevi
tremor n ryeva=mcire miwisZvra triglyph n triglifi
trench n Wrili,Txrili trilateral adj sammxrivi
exploratory ~ sacdeli/sakvlevi ~ trilingual adj samenovani
foundation ~ saZirkvlis Casadgmeli trim(ed) v adj gaTla/gaTlili,waTla/waT
qvabuli lili,gamokveTa/gamokveTili,gamo-
prospect ~ sadazvervo ~ qna/gamoqnili,Camoqna/Camoqnili,Se
robber ~ mZarcvelis xvreli mosworeba/Semosworebuli,gaSala-
treak n v jaris laSqroba,sacxovrebl- Sineba/gaSalaSinebuli
ad sxvagan gadasvla trimming ger zedapiris damuSaveba
tree n adj xe/xis(mag.toti) Trinity(see Three in One) n sameba,agia-tri-
trend n mimarTuleba,midrekileba,viTa- ada
reba,tendencia Trinity Sunday samebis dResaswauli
artistic ~ mxatvruli mimdinareoba trinket n samSvenisi,mcire ram nivTi
trental n panaSvidi ~ pendant Cxaruna sakidi
trepidate(ion) v n SiSi, Relva trinominal n samwevri
with ~ SiSit,RelviT trip n v mgzavroba,mogzauroba,gza
tresle-bed n xis taxti=sawoli tripartite adj samganyofiebiani/nawiliani
triad n triada tripetalous adj samfoTola
trial n sulieri gancda/gansacdeli,(ga- triple(d) adj sammagi,gasammageba/gasammage-

256
 სარჩევი

buli (d),uryuarad; sandooba,ueWvelo-

tripod n adj samfexi=Stativi; samfexa ba; sando,sarwmuno,saimedo,ndo-
triptych n triptixi bis Rirsi,utyuari,ueWveli
triumph n v triumfi truth n simarTle,WeSmariteba
crowning ~ sruli ~ god's ~ RvTiuri ~
triumphal adj sazeimo=triumfaluri in ~ WeSmaritad
triumphant n adj Zlevamosili=triumfa- truthful adj marTali
tori try v cda,(mo)sinjva
triumvirate n triumvirati ~ on v samosis mosinjva
triumviri n rtiumviri ~ out v (mo)sinjva
trivet(see andiron) n samfexi cecxlze da- tub n badia
sadgmeli tubbing n qargili
trodden adj datkepnili tube n milaki/mili; WurWlis xvreli
trompe n Fr. trompi siTxis gadmosawurad
trong n dasi=jgufi tubular adj milisebri,fuye
troops n jari ~ cavity futuro,siRrue/Rru
tropeios n Gr. mamamZuZe tuck away v CanTqma,ganadgureba,aRgva
trophy n simbolo/jildo omSi gamarj- pirisagan miwisa
vebisaTvis, omis nadavli Tuesday n samSabaTi, ariasi; marsi
trouble(see time) n v gasaWiri,ubedureba, Good Tuesday vnebis kviris samSabaTi
gansacdeli,sirTule,saSiS- tufa n adj kiriani/kirqviani tufi(s)
roeba; vinmes Sewuxeba tuff n adj vulkanuri tufi(s)
trough n baga,gobi,varcli,sarwyulebeli vitric ~ miniseburi=ferflis tufi
troup n Teatris dasi tuffaceous adj tufisa,tufogenuri
trout n kalmaxi tuft n mamakacis sqeli wveri
trowel n qafCa tug adj saWapne
truce n Sesveneba brZolebs Soris tumbledown adj naxevraddangreuli
trudge v gzis gakvalva(TovlSi) tumbler n koWobi
true adj aSkara,namdvili,marTali,utyu- tumour n korZi,wanazardi
ari,WeSmariti,swori,erTguli, tumult n areuloba,mRelvareba,SfoTi
gulwrfeli tumulus/tumuli n sing/pl Lat. gorasamarxi
~ friend erTgulu/namdvili megobari tune(ful) n adj melodia,melodiuri
~ story namdvili ambavi tunic n garsi,kiteli,mundiri,safarveli,
truffle=Tuber brumale Lat. n adj Tirkmela tunika
soko(si) tunica/tunicae n sing/pl Lat. tunika
truly adv marTla,WeSmaritad tunnel n gvirabi
trumpet n buki,naRara,rqis formis sayvi- tunny=Thunnus gen. Lat. n adj Tinusi(s)
ri turban n Calma
blow a ~ naRaris dacema turbid adj mRvrie,kvamla
trumple v daWmuWvna turbulence n mRelvareba,daZabuloba
truncate v damokleba,wakveTa,CamoWra turbulent adj daumorCilebeli da mRel-
truncated adj wakveTili vare(istoria qveynisa),daZabuli
~ biconical adj wakveTil-bikonusuri ~ rule mRelvare/mousvenari(xelisufleba
trunk n svetis/xis zro=tani turf(see layer) n adj v belti(sa),kordi(sa);
truss n kunwula, Senobis ConCxi mobeltva
trust n v ndoba turmeric n adj kurkuma, Curcuma longa Lat.
trustful(ly) adj adv sando(d),damajerebeli/ turmoil n areuloba,uwesrigoba,xmauri
damajereblad,marTali,ndobiT turn n v bruni,rigi,jeri; brunva,mobrune
not ~ adj adv arasando(d) ba,Sebruneba,triali,gadakecva
trustfulness n damajerebloba ~against sb Sebruneba/mimarTva vinmes
lacking ~ damajereblobas moklebuli winaaRmdeg
trustworth(ily)(ly)(ness)(y) adj adv n sando ~ around v azris Secvla,mimarTulebi-

257
 სარჩევი

dan gadaxveva grexa,(gada)xlarTva

at the ~ of N century/period saukunis/xan- ~ in v Caxveva
is dadgomisas ~ to one side dabreca
~ down v gadatrialeba,gadabruneba, twisted adj amoxveuli,grexili,(da)xve-
qveviT gadakecva uli
in ~ adv samagierod,Tavis mxriv ~ ends/top (Tav)daxveuli/gadaxveuli
~into v gadaqceva/gadakeTeba ramed twisting adj ger (da)xveuli; grexa,xveva
~of N and N mil/cent mijna N da N aTasw/ two num. adj ori
sauk. ~ by ~ adv or-orad,wyvilad
~ out that… aRmoCnda,rom... ~ columned/spindled adj orsvetiani
out of ~ riggareSe ~ faced adj orsaxovani
~ round v Semobruneba,Setrialeba ~ faceted/sided adj orwaxnaga
~ to v mibruneba sakiTxze/saqmeze ~ flenged afj ormaliani
~ to one side dabreca ~ fold adj ormagi
~ up v gamoCena ~ ~ door orfrTiani kari
turned out adj gadakecili,gadmokecili, ~ grade/stage adj orsafexuriani
mobrunebuli ~ headed adj orTava
~ every which way sxvadasxva mxares mi- ~ horned/pointed adj orkapa,orrqiani
brunebuli raRaceebi ~ humped adj unagira
turning n adj ger gzis mosaxvevi=misaq- ~ layered adj orfeniani
cieli; mbrunavi; brunva ~ part/piece adj ornawiliani
~ point Semobrunebis wertili,gardate ~ petalled adj orfurcela
xa ~ pole adj orpolusiani
turret(see tower) n galavanSi CaSenebuli ~row adj orlebniani
koSki ~ spindled asj orboZiani.orRerZiani
patrol/watch ~ saTvalTvalo ~ ~ staged/tiered adj oriarusiani
turtle n zRvis ku ~ times adv orjer
tussock-grass=Aira caespitosa Lat. n adj
~ wheeled adj orTvala sazidari/etli
maxrCobela(si) (mc)
tying up adj abmuli
tutelary adj mfarveli
tympanion n Gr. timpanioni (taZari)
~deity/angel ~ RvTaeba/angelozi
tympanist n dairaze damkvreli
tutor(ship) n aRmzrdeli/gamzrdeli=meur
tympanum/tympani n sing/pl Gr. timpani
ve=moZRvari; moZRvroba
tympanium n margaliti brtyeli gverd-
tweezers n pl Cqifi,maSa
iT
Twelve (the) Tormeti mociquli
type(d) n adj v tipi/tipaJi; tipiuri;
twelve/twelfth num. adj Tormeti/meTor-
(gada)beWdva(teqstis); nabeWdi
mete
typical(ly) adj adv damaxasiaTebeli/damaxa
twice adv orgzis,orjer
siaTeblad,Cveuli,Cveulebrivi,
twig n adj wneli(s)
tipiuri/tipiurad
twilight n mwuxri
typicon n Gr. tipikoni
the ~ years sicocxlis bolo wlebi
typing ger beWdva
twin n adj v tyupi/tyupiscali,oreuli
typist n mbeWdavi(teqstis)
wyvil(adi); dawyvileba,xveva
typological(ly) adj adv tipologiuri/tipo-
~ core adj orZarRva
logiurad
~structure Sewyvilebuli nageboba
tyre n saburavi,urmis Tvlis garsakravi
twine n v bawari,Tasma,grexa,xveva
tyranny n tirania
twinned adj dawyvilebuli,Sewyvilebu-
tyrant n tirani
li,gaormagebuli,Setyupebuli
Tyrsenoi n etruski
twinning adj ger tyruSuli; daZmobileba,
xveva U
twirled adj grexili ubiquitous adj Cveuli/Cveulebrivi,yovel-
twist v (amo)xveva,(gada)xveva/grexa,(da) dRiuri (sagani mag. jami)

258
 სარჩევი
ubiquity is,rac yvelganaa (mag. Tixa)
ubrupt adj moulodneli,ucabedi,swrafi
ulcer n ubedurebis saTave,liTonis
wyluli
ultimate adj bolo,daskvniTi,saboloo
ultimately adv umeteswilad,ufro,uaRres-
ad,uaRresad,bolos da bolos,Sedegad
uminatrix n ganmanaTlebeli
unable adj uunaro,uZluri
unachievable adj miuwvdomeli,miuRweve-
li
unadorned adj uornamento
unaffiliated adj damoukidebeli,arawevri
unalteration n ucvleloba
unaltered adj ucvleli
unambiguous(ly) adj adv utyuari/utyuar-
ad,araorazrovani,zusti,mkafio(d)
unanimity n erTsulovneba
unanimous(ly) adj adv erTsulovani/erT-
sulovnad,erTxmad
~ accepted erTxmad aRiarebuli
unanswered adj upasuxo(d) darCenili
unarmed adj uiaraRo,SeuiaraRebeli
unattached adj daumagrebeli,miumagre-
beli
unattainable adj miuwvdomeli
unavailable adj uvargisi,gamousadegari,
xelmiuwvdomeli
unavoidable adj gardauvali
unbaked(see uncooked) adj gamouwvavi=umi
unbelievable adj daujerebeli,zRapruli
unbelievably adv daujereblad
unbeliever n urwmuno
unbleached adj xami (mag.tilo)
unbowed adj gautexeli,daumorCilebe-
li
unbreakable adj utexi; iseTi ram,rac ar
tydeba
unbroken adj mTeli,daunawevrebeli,uwy-
veti,gauxednavi cxeni
~ continuity uwyveti ganviTareba
uncanny adj arabunebrivi,gamoucnobi,sa-
eWvo
unceremonious(ly) adj adv ubralo(d),ara-
oficialur(ad)i,uceremonio(d)
uncertain adj gaugebari,dauxvewavi,saeWvo,
arasando,daudgeneli,sayoymano,
gaurkveveli,cvalebadi
~ origin saeWvo warmomavloba
uncertainty n eWvi,gaurkvevloba,daudgen-
loba,dauxvewaoba,yoymani,azrTa
sxvaoba=SeuTanxmebloba=uzustoba
259
unchallenged adj udaoa,araa sakamaTo
unchanged adj ucvleli
unclear adj bundovani,gaugebari,sayoymano
uncommon(ly) adj adv umniSvnelo,uCveul
(d),(gamo)ucnobi,aratrediciuli,
aratradiciulad,iSviaTi,ucxo
uncompromised adj Seurigebeli,ukompro-
miso
uncompromising adj Seurigebeli
unconquerable adj Seuryeveli,mouxelTe-
beli,gadaulaxavi,daumarcxebeli
~frontier gadaulaxavi/dauZleveli saz-
vari
unconvincing(ly) adj adv aradamajerebeli,
aradamajereblad
uncooked(see unbaked) adj umi (sakvebi)
uncountable adj uamravi,uTvalavi
uncover v Zeglis gaxsna velze,safaris
axda/Camoxsna,gamoCena=gamovlena,
gaxsna,gadaxsna,gadaxda(safaris)
uncovered adj usapiro,daufaravi,gaxsni-
li,gadaxsnili,gaTxrili,aRmoCenili
uncut adj gauWreli/dauWreli,dauwaxna-
gebeli
undatable(cf. datable) adj is, rac ar/ver
TariRdeba=risi daTariRebac Se
uZlebelia
undated adj dauTariRebeli
undecided adj daudgeneli,orWofuli,sa-
sayoymano
undecorated adj uornamento
indefined adj daudgeneli,ucnobi,ganusa-
zRvreli
undeniable adj is,risi uaryofa SeuZle-
belia,rasac gverds ver auvli
under(cf.below,beneath) pron. adv pref. qve-
viT/qveS
~ chairmanship vinmes TavmjdomareobiT
~ conditions moTxovnilebis/pirobebis
Sesabamisad
~ constraint iZulebiT
~ control/power mmarTvelobis qveS
~ current n qvedineba,qvecnobiereba
~ direction of… vinmes miTiTebiT
~ investigation/study raRac Seiswavleba
Seswavlis procesSi/stadiazea
~ one's power vinmes Zalauflebis qveS
~sb vinmes mefobis/mmarTvelobis qveS
underdeveloped adj ganuvitarebeli,sust-
tad ganviTarebuli
underestimate(ation) v n arasaTanado/nak-
lebi Sefaseba,ramis daufasebloba
undergo v gamcda/gadatana ramis
 სარჩევი
~ transformation (Se)cvla (raRac icv-
leba)
undergoing adj v mimdinare(obs)
underground n adj miwisqveSeTi,miwisqve-
Sa
underlie v safuZvlad dadeba ramisa ra-
misTvis
underline v xazis gavleba,xazgasma
underlying adj qve(da),ganmsazRvreli,dama-
tebiTi
~ system n qvesistema
~unity in sth ZiriTadi kavSiri raRacis
safuZvlad
undermine v Ziris gamoTxra=Ralati,vin-
nmes reputaciis Selaxva,ramis Se
ferxeba/dazaraleba,saZirkvlis/
sayrdenis gadarecxva/gamorecxva
underneath adv qveS,qveda,faruli
~the wall kedlis qveS
underpass n miwisqveSa gasasvleli
underside n adj WurWlis Ziri; qveda
bent inwards ~ ~ Sezneqili ~
flat ~ ~ brtyeli ~
protruding ~ ~ gamoburculi ~
ring-based ~ ~ qusliani ~
rounded ~ ~ momrgvalebuli ~
undersigned adj qvemore xelismomwerni...
understand v gageba,gaazreba,Sesmena
make sb ~ gaagebino vinmes
understandable adj gasagebi
understandably adv gagebiT...(moekido)
understanding ger gageba ramis,goneba,Tan
xmoba,SeTanxmeba
to sb's ~ vinmes gagebiT
understood adj gagebuli
sth is ~ without saying uTqmeladac gasa-
gebia=igulisxmeba
undertake(r) v n saqmis dawyeba/Sedgoma,
daZleva,wamowyeba,ramis kisreba;
gakeTeba=Catareba ramis,ivaldebu
lo ramis gakeTeba,mesaflave,me-
kubove
undertakings n saqme/saqmianoba,sawarmo
undervalue v arasaTanadod Sefaseba
underwater n adj wyalqveSeTi,wyalqveSa
underway n gzad...
be ~ to do sth xorcieldeba raRac...
underwear n sacvali
underworld (the) n miwisqveSeTi,qveskneli
undescribed adj ucnobi=is,rac araa aR-
werili
sth of ~ nature raRac ucnobi warmomav-
260
lobis
undespoiled adj uZravi fena,xeluxlebe-
li
undeveloped adj ganuviTarebeli
undiscovered adj aRmouCeneli,gaurkveve-
li
undisputable adj udao (is,rac araa sa-
kamaTo)
undisputed adj ueWveli=is,razec aRar
daoben
undisputedly adv udaod
undistinguished adj arafriT gamorCeuli=
usaxuri
undisturbed adj xeluxlebeli,uZravi,ucv-
leli,dauzianebeli(fena,samarxi,
Zegli)
undo v garRveva,axsna=gaxsna
undone adj garRveuli,gaxsnili
undoubted(ly) adj adv ueWveli,ueWvelad
undressed adj daumuSavebeli
undue adv mouxerxebeli
unearth(ed) v adj amoTxra/amoTxrili,sa-
marxi(s) gaxsna/gaxsnili velze
unease n uxerxuloba,gaurkvevloba,
~about sth ~ ~ raRacasTan dakavSire-
biT
uneasily adv uxerxulad,gaurkvevlad,Se-
boWilad,mousvenrad
unequal(ity) adj n araTanabari,uswormas-
woro; uTanabroba,uswormasworoba
unequalled adj uebro,ubadlo,Seudarebe-
li
unequally adv araTanabrad,sxvadasxvana-
irad
unequivocal adj araorazrovani
uneven(ly)(ness) adj adv n araTanabari/
araTanabrad,uTanabro(d),sxvada-
sxvairad,uswormasworo(d)
unavoidable adj ucilobeli; is,rasac Ta-
vidan ver aicileb
uneven(ly) adj adv uswormasworo(d),Seu-
sabamo(d),araregularuli/araregu-
larulad
unevenness v uswormasworoba,Seusabamo
ba,araregularuloba
unexpected adj moulodneli,gauTvalis-
winebeli,ucabedi
unexpectedly adv moulodnelad,gauTva-
liswineblad,ucabedad
unexpectedness n moulodneloba
unexplored adj Seuswavleli
uniface adv calmxriv,cal mxareze
unfair(ness) adj n usamarTlo(ba)
 სარჩევი
unfamiliar adj uCveulo,miuRebeli,ucnobi,
aratradiciuli
unfavourable adj arasaxarbielo
unfinished adj arasruli=usruli; raime,
rac dasrulebuli araa
unfit adj uvargisi
unfold(s) in sth ganviTareba/gaSla ramis
unfold(ing) of sth gaSla/ganviTareba rameSi
unforgettable adj dauviwyari
uniform adj Cveuli/Cveulebrivi,erTgvar-
ovani,erTnairi
~size erTi zomis
uniformity n erTnairoba,msgavseba,erTian-
oba/erToba
unfortunate(ly) adj adv ubeduri/saubedu-
rod,samwuxaro(d)
unfounded adj dausabuTebeli
unframed adj uCarCoo
unfrock v beris gakreWa
ungrateful(ness) adj n umaduri; umadure-
ba
unguent(see ointment) n adj malamo(si),sal
buni(s),nelsacxebeli/nelsacxeb-
lis
unicorn n calrqa cxeni
unidentified adj daudgeneli,ganusazRvre-
li,gaurkveveli
unified adj gaerTianebuli,erTiani,erTob-
livi,unificirebuli
~ entity erTarsi,erTarsoba
uniform(ity) n adj n forma=samosi; Cveule
brivi,Cveuli,erTgvarovani,erTsa-
xovani,tipiuri; erTnairoba,msgav-
seba,erTgvaroba,erTsaxovneba
unify v gaerTianeba
~ under a rule xelisuflebis qveS gaer-
Tianeba
unifying adj gamaerTianebeli
unilateral(ly) adj adv calmxrivi; calmxri
vad
unimaginative adj usaxuri=prozauli,STa-
gonebas moklebuli
uninhabited adj dausaxlebeli
uninscribed adj uwarwero
unintended adj uneblie=aragamiznuli
unintentional(ly) adj adv uneblie(d)
uninterrupted adj uwyveti
~ succession ~ Tanmimdevroba
unique adj unikaluri
uniquely adv araCveulebrivad,gasaocrad,
unikalurad
unit n SenaerTi,ganyofileba,raRacis Se-
261
madgeneli/mTelis nawili,ramis er-
Teuli
constituent ~ Semadgeneli nawili
unitary adj erTaderTi,unitaruli
unite(d) v adj gaerTianeba ; erTiani,erT-
oblivi
~ as one state erTqveynad gaerTianeba
~ within themselves TavianT TavSi aerTi
anebs
unity v kavSiri=erToba
universe (the) n samyaro
unjust(ice)(ly) adj n adv usamarTlo(ba)(d)
unjustified adj gaumarTlebeli,daudastu-
rebeli,usamarTlo
unkempt adj dauxvewavi
~ style ~ stili
unknown adj (gamo)ucnobi,Seuswavleli,
ucxo
unlawful adj ukanono
unleash v kamaTis/omis gaCaReba
unleavened adj usafuaro puri/comi
unless adv manam sanam,winaaRmdeg SemTx-
vevaSi
unlike adj gansxvavebuli/gansxvavebiT
~sb/sth gansxvavebiT vinme/ramisgan
~ the other examples sxvebisagan gansxva
vebiT
unlikely adv gansxvavebulad
unlimited adj SeuzRudavi
unload v gadmotvirTva,dacla,Camocla
unlock(ed) v adj gaReba/gaRebuli,gaxsna
/gaxsnili(saketi)
unmistakable adj Seucdomeli,uSecdomo,
aSkara
unmistakably adv Seucdomlad,uSecdom-
od,aSkarad
unmistaken adj Seucdomeli,uSecdomo
unnatural(ly) adj adv arabunebrivi/ara-
bunebrivad
unnecessary adj is,rac araa saWiro/
aucilebeli
unoccupied adj Dausaxlebeli/Tavisu-
fali(carieli) adgili;
usaqmo adamiani
unnoticed adj SeumCneveli,uyuradRebod
mitovebuli
unparalled adj is,rasac ar aqvs parale-
li
unpartitioned adj utixro,dautixravi,da-
uyofeli,daunawevrebeli
unprecedent adj umagaliTo,gaugonari,
aqamde ucnibi,uprecedento
unprecise adj aramkafio,arazusti,ara-
 სარჩევი
mkveTri
unpredictable adj is,risi winaswarmetyve-
leba/gaTvla SeuZlebelia,raime
gauTvaliwinebeli
unpremeditated adj uneblie
unpretentious(ly) adj adv mokrZalebuli/
mokrZalebulad,upretenzio(d)
unpromising adj uimedo,umomavlo
unprovable adj is,risi damtkicebac Wirs
=Znelad dasamtkicebeli
unproved adj daudasturebeli
unpublished adj gamouqveynebeli
unquestionable adj udao,ueWveli
unquestionably adv udaod,ueWvelad
unravel v garkveva
~relationships urtiertobebis garkveva
unreal(ly) adj adv ararealuri,ararealu-
rad
unreasonable adj uazro,uwkuo,dausabuTe-
beli
unrelated adj raime,rac araa dakavSire-
buli ramesTan,saerTo araferi
aqvs/aqvT
unrepentant adj is,vinc ar inaniebs imas,
rac mosananiebeli aqvs
unresolved adj gadauWreli,mougvarebeli,
amoucnobi,gaurkveveli,gadauwy-
veteli
unrest n areuloba,mRelvareba
civil ~ saxalxo areuloba/aSliloba
unrestrained adj TavSeukavebeli
unrestricted adj gamoukveTeli,daudgene-
li,bundovani,SemousazRvravi
unretouch adj araretuSirebuli
unreveal(ed) v adj (g)amocnoba/amocnobi-
li
unrewarded adj amao,aunazRaurebeli,da-
ujildoebeli
~ labour daufasebeli Sroma
inribbed adj uwiboo
unroofed adj usaxuravo
unruly adj umarTavi,daumorCilebeli,uba-
tono
unseal v beWdis(damRis,luqis) axsna,sa-
marxis gaxsna,ramis gadaxsna/gaReba
unsealed adj (ga/da)xsnili,gaRebuli
unsettled adj Camouyalebebeli
unshakable adj sulierad udreki,uZravi/
uryevi ram
unshakably adv udrekad,uryevad,uZravad
unshaken adj mtkice,uryevi/Seuryeveli,
uZleveli
unskillful=unskilled adj gauwafavi,gamoucde
262
li,araprofesionali
unskilfulness n gauwafaoba,gamoucdeloba
unsociable adj karCaketili
unsociably adv karCaketilad
unsolved adj mougvarebeli,gadauWreli,
daudgeneli,gadauwyveteli
unsophisticated adj dauxvewavi,martivi
unspecified adj daudgeneli=ganusazRvre-
li
unstable adj (ara)mdgradi/myari,susti,cva
lebadi
unstitch(ed) v adj garRveva,garRveuli
unsubdued adj daumorCilebeli
unsubjugated adj daumorCilebeli
unsubstantial(ly) adj adv aramyari/aramyar-
ad,dausabuTebeli/dausabuTeblad
unsuccessful(ly)(ness) adj adv n warumate-
beli/warumateblad,warumateb-
loba,amao(d)
unsufficient(ly) adj adv arasakmao(d),arasak
marisi/arasakmarisad,arasando(d)
unsuitable adj Seuferebeli,mouxerxebe-
li,rac xels ar gaZlevs,gamo-
usadegari,Seusabamo,uvargisi
unsupported adj gaumagrebeli=dausabuTe
beli, anu ramis mtkiceba sabu-
Tis gareSe
unsurpassed adj ubadlo
unsuspected adj gauTvaliswinebeli,mo-
ulodneli
unsuspecting adj mimndobi,miuxvedreli
unsystematic adj usistemo
untanable adj sacxovreblad/TavdacvisT-
vis uvargisi
untested adj Seumowmebeli(mag.daskvnis
siswore/sizuste)
untidy adj areuli,uwesrigo,WuWyiani
until… prep. ...mde, manam,sanam...
~long ago am bolo xanebamde,arcTu di
di xnis win
untilled adj mouxnavi/daumuSavebeli miwa
untouchable(s)(see inalienable,museum) n
xelSeuvali,xelSeuxebeli
untouched adj ucvleli,uZravi,xeluxle-
beli
unused adj uxmari
unusual(ly) adj adv araCveulebrivi,gansx-
vavebuli,aratradiciuli,uCveulo,
sakvirveli,ucxo,gamorCeuli; uCve-
ulod,ucnaurad
unveil v warmoCena,Zeglis/qandakebis gax-
sna,safaris axda
unwavering adj ucvleli=rac cvlilebas
 სარჩევი

ar eqvemdebareba luri
~ in one's faith rwmenaSi udreki uprising n ajanyeba
unwillingly adv uxalisod,usurvelad,usi- uproot(ed)(ing) v adj ger (ga)margvla,amo-
amod Txra,amoZirkva/amoZirkveli,margvla
unworldly adv aramiwieri upside down adv pirqve,Tavdayira
unworldliness n aramiwiereba,zeciereba upspring n naxtomi (ganviTarebaSi)
unworthy adj uvargisi,uRirsi upstream adv n sapirispirod molodini-
up pron. zeviT(ken),zemo(T) sa/dinebisa,mdinaris zemoweli
~ to… …mde upward directed adj aweuli,zeviT mimarTu
~ to… cm/m(long,thick,wide) sm/m-de,raR- li
ac (zomamde) urban adj saqalaqo,qalaquri,qalaqis
~ to date=uptodate tanamedrove,sadRe- ~ activity ~ cxovreba
iso,dRevandeli,dRemde ~setting qalaquri (mo)wyoba
~ to today dRemde ~ settlement qalaquri dasaxleba
~ to… until …mde urbanism n qalaqoba,urbanizmi
~ to the waist gamosaxuleba welamde seeds of ~ qalaqobis Canasaxi
upbringing ger aRzrda urge n v Txovna,ramis mtkiceba
up-date v modernizacia urgent adj gadaudebeli,swrafi
upheavel(s) n politikuri gadatriale- urguentarium/urguentarii n sing/pl Lat. wam-
ba(ryeva,Zvrebi),teqtonikuri fi- lis WurWeli
lebis gadaadgileba urinal n Ramis qoTani
up hill adv mTaSi urn n yuTi=urna
uphold v Senarcuneba ramis ~ of clay Tixis yuTsamarxi
upland(s) n zegani,plato,maRlobi,mTa= urtica n adj WinWari/Winwris (mc)
mTianeTi usage n gamoyeneba
uplift(s) v n aweva,mateba,amofrqveva use n v gamoyeneba,xmara/xmareba
uplifted adj aRmarTuli,zeaweuli, cad because of frequent ~ xSiri gamoyenebis
asuli gamo
upon prep. –ze come into ~ xmarebaSi Semosvla
upper adj zeda continue in use xmareba grZeldeba,dar-
~story of sth zeda rigebi/fenebi Cena xmarebaSi
uppermost adj (sul) zeda drop/go out of ~ xmarebidan gamosvla
upright adj gamarTuli,gamarTulad mo- full ~ (sruli) gamoyeneba (mag.rkinis)
siarule adamiani increasing ~ mzardi/farTo ~
upshot n kvanZis gaxsna,daskvna,Sedegi is in ~ gamoiyeneba,aris xmarebaSi
ramis is in common ~ farTod (mo)ixmareba
upstairs adv zeviT=zeda sarTulze is still in ~ kvlav/jer kidev grZeldeba
upsurge n swrafi aRmasvla gamoyeneba
up-to-date adj axali,Tanamedrove,aqamde, multifarious ~ mravalmxrivi/sxvadasxva~
dRemde of intermediate ~ sxvadasxva daniSnule-
up-to-then adj maSindeli iT(daniSnulebis) gamosayenebeli
upturned adj zeviT akecili of uncertain/uncommon ~ gaurkveveli da
upward(s) adv zeviT(ken) niSnulebis
~ directed zeviT mimarTuli persist in ~ xmarebaSi darCena
upon prep. -ze sign of ~ xmarebis kvali
~ back zurgze used adj gamoyenebuli,naxmari
upper(see jaw,layer,part) adj zeda,zemo ~ as gamoiyeneba/ixmareba rogorc...
~ border/limit zeda zRvari be/get ~ to SeCveva
~ crust(er) sazogadoebis zeda fena/fe- cease to be ~ Sewyda xmareba,xmarebi-
nis warmomadgeneli dan amoReba
uppermost adj sul zeda increasingly ~ mzardad/farTod ~
upright adj gamarTuli,Sveuli=vertika- is ~ gamoiyeneba,ixmareba

263
 სარჩევი

~ to this end am/Cveuli TvalsazrisiT validating adj dakanoneba,kanonieri,kanon-

useful adj gamosadegi,saWiro,sasargeblo mdebeli
see sth as ~ miiCnio rame gamosadegad validation n dadgena,Zalis micema
usefulness n vargisianoba,saWiroeba validity n vargisianoba
useless adj gamousadegari,uvargisi,umaq- valley(see rafter) n nivnivas fexi,veli=da-
nisi blobi mdinaris
user n gamomyenebeli=momxmarebeli ~floor dablobi
usher v Sesvla/Sebijeba,SeZRola sadme rift ~ dedamiwis qerqis is nawili,rome-
wamowyeba raime saqmis,SemoReba lic SemosazRvrulia teqtoniku-
usual adj Cveuli,Cveulebrivi ri napralebiT da ufro dablaa,
~ pattern Cveuli wesi vidre mezobeli teritoriebi(ix.
usually adv Cveulebriv graben)
usurp v uzurpireba valor=valour n omSi Tavganwirva,siqvele
usurpate v uzurpireba valorous adj Tavganwiruli,mamaci,qveli
usurpation n uzurpacia valuable adj mniSvnelovani,Rirebuli,wo-
usurper n uzurpatori nadi,faseuli
utensils n pl QWurWeli valuable(s) n pl (Zvir)faseuloba(ni)
uterus n Rumeli valuation n Sefaseba
utilitarian n yoveldRiurad saWiro sagnebi value n v fasi,sidide,Rirebuleba; dafa-
utility n sargeblianoba,sargebeli,saWiro seba/Sefaseba
nivTi face ~ fulis nominali
utilize as.. gamoiyeneba rogorc... intrinsic ~ namdvili/WeSmariti fasi
utmost adj adv uzarmazari,zRvruli,uzo nutritional ~ kvebiTi Rirebuleba
mo; Zalze,Zlier sth not of full ~ arasrulfasovani
~ exactness/sureness of touch udidesi si sth of full ~ srulfasovani
zuste valued adj Sefasebuli,faseuli
sth of ~ importance raRac udidesi/ valueless adj gamousadegari,uvargisi
Zalze didi mniSvnelobis valuer n Semfasebeli (vinme)
utterly adv metismetad=Zalze,aSkarad, value(s) n pl faseuloba(ni),Rirebuleba-
savsebiT,uaRresad,sruliad (ni)
~ significant for… Zalze damaxasiaTebe- valve(d) n adj sagduli,sagduliani
li vaned adj frTiani=frTosani=frTebiani
vanish(ed) adj gaqroba/gamqrali,ganadgu-
V reba/ganadgurebuli,CaxSoba.CaxSo-
vacant n Tavisufali adgili ~ from the face of the earth aRgva/aRgvili
vacate v gadadgoma,adgilis gaTavisuf- pirisagan miwisa
fleba/dacla vanity n amaoeba,sakuTari Tavis qeba
vacuum n vakuumi vanquish(ed) v adj damarcxeba/damarcxe-
vagary n cvalebadoba buli
vague adj bundovani variability n aramdgradoba, cvalebadoba
vaguely adv bundovnad variable adj aramdgradi,cvalebadi,cvla-
vain adj fuWi di
in ~ amaod variance n gansxvaveba
vainglorious adj pativmoyvare,trabaxa be at ~ gansxvavdeba
valley n veli/dablobi mdinariT variant n saxesxvaoba,varianti
valice n zurgCanTa variation n cvalebadoba,cvlileba
valid adj momqmedi,wonadi,vargisi,mkveTri, variations on the theme variaciebi Temaze...
aSkara,damajerebeli,Rirebuli varied adj mravalferovani,cvalebadi
~ reason safuZvliani mizezi variegated adj Wreli,mravalferovani
~ sample mkafio magaliTi variegation n cvalebadoba,siWrele
validate v dadgena,Zalis micema raime ga- variety n (nair)saxeoba,(mraval)nairoba/
dawyvetilebisaTvis,gacvlis kur- saxeoba/ferovneba,cvalebadoba,va-
sis dadgena,ratifikacia

264
 სარჩევი
rianti
various adj mravalgvari,mravalferovani,
sxvadasxva
under ~ forms mravalnairad
variously adv sxvadasxvagvarad
varnish n v laki, lakis wasma
varrant n dasturi,sabuTi
varve n sezonuri naleqis fenebi
vary v meryeoba,cvalebadoba,cvlileba,
(Se)cvla
varying adj aramdgradi,sxvadasxva,cvale-
badi,cvladi
to ~ degrees cvalebadi xarisxiT
vase n larnaki,vaza
figure ~ sxeulis formis ~
figure ~ of a bust qlis mkerdis formis
mqone ~
~ painting vazis/vazaze mxatvroba
vassal v vasali
vast adj vrceli,farTe,Zalian didi,mra-
valferovani
~ area/expance vrceli teritoria
~ majority didi umravlesoba
~topic didi/farTe Tema
~vicinity vrceli Tvalsawieri
vastly adv farTod,Zalze
vat n kasri,varcli
vault(see line) n kamara,konqi,konusis
formis wvetiani gumbaTi,Rumelis
wvetiani gumbaTi,Rumelis TaRi,ka-
mara
arrow/lancet-shaped ~ Seisruli kamara
barrel ~ naxevarwriuli ~
bow-shaped ~ moSvilduli ~
cloister ~ kamara,konqi
cross/groin ~ jvrisebri ~
cruciform ~ jvaredini kamara
domed ~ gumbaTovani/qolgisebri ~
double arrow/lancet ~ orisruli ~
flat/plain ~ brtyeli ~
half-flat ~ naxevradbrtyeli ~
hipped ~ karvisebri ~
semicircular ~ naxevarwriuli ~
star-like ~ varskvlava ~
stepped ~ safexuredi ~
stone ~ qvis ~
tunnel ~ cilindruli ~
wagon ~ naxevarcilindruli ~
vaulted adj (maxvil)TaRiani
vegetable n adj bostneuli,mcenareuli
~ dye mcenareuli saRebavi
vegetation n mcenareuloba
265
vegetational adj mcenareuli (safari)
vegisimal system ocobiTi Tvla
vehement adj mRelvare,mgznebare
vehicle n borbliani=Tvliani sazidari/
transporti
~for sth gamtari(mag.cvlilebebis),xel-
Semwyobi
~of magic jadosnobis xelSemwyobi
veil(ed) n v adj ride,safari,farda,pirba-
de=vuali; miCqmalva/miCqmaluli,da-
faruli
vein(ed) n adj ZarRvi,ZarRvuli,ZarRviani
~ mine ZarRvuli sabado
outcropping ~ madnis gaSiSvlebuli
ZarRvi
velocity(cf. speed) n siCqare
venerable adj pativcmuli,pativis Rirsi,
mxcovani,saukunoebrivi=Zveli
~sb Rirsi mama (mRvdeli)
venerate(ion) v n Tayvaniscema,krZalva
venerated adj Tayvansacemi,saTayvano,
krZalviT mopyrobis Rirsi vinme/
rame
~ object Tayvaniscemis sagani vinme/rame
veneration n krZalva,Tayvaniscema
venture v gabedva=gariskva,riskiani wamo
wamowyeba
venturer n TavgadasavalTa maZiebeli
verbal(ly) adj adv sityvieri,sityvierad
verbatim adj sityva-sityviT
copy in ~ zusti aslis gadaReba
~ reprint zustad gadabeWdva(xeliT)
verdict n ganaCeni,ganCineba
verge n kide,nawiburi,(ramis) piras
be on the ~ of doing sth TiTqmis gadawyve
tilia ramis gakeTeba
vergent from sapirispirod ramisa
verger n eklesiis kverTxis mtvirTveli
verifiable adj risi dadasturebac SeiZle-
ba (mag.velze,wyaroebiT)
verified adj Sedarebuli,Semowmebuli
not ~ adj Seumowmebeli
verify v Sedareba/Semowmebasinamdvilis/
sisworis dasadgenad
Verily! adv WeSmaritad!
vermillion n adj wiTeli singuri(s)
vernacular adj adgilobrivi,mSobliuri
versatile adj mravalmxrivi
verse(see blank) n leqsi,poezia
versed in sth adj ganswavluli,gamocdi-
li,daxelovnebuli,mcodne ramisa
mag. bibliis
 სარჩევი

version n saxeoba,saxesxvaoba,nairsaxe- ~ modeled in a slip-shod way/offhand ~ uxe-

oba,versia Sad naZerwi ~
versus=v=vs prep. prop. pirispir,sapiris- mushroom-shaped ~ sokos formis ~
pirod ramisa narrow necked ~ viwroyeliani ~
vertebra/vertebrae(see bone) n sing/pl Lat. ~ oblonged like pear msxlisebr wagrZe-
xerxemlis mala/malebi lebuli ~
chest ~ mkerdis ~ ~ ~ on stem fexiani ~
lumbar ~ welis ~ ~ one-handler ~ calyura ~
neck ~ kisris ~ ~ pear-shaped/pyriform ~ msxlis formis
vertical adj Sveuli=vertikaluri,cicabo pedestalled ~ maRalfexiani ~
~ shaft Saxti pink-lined ~ vardisfersarCuliani ~
verve n gamosaxvis simkveTre plain ~ uornamento ~
very adv metismetad,Zalze,Zalian plump in shape ~ didi zomis ~
vespers n mwuxris locva pointed ~ wvetiani ~
vessel(see ceramics,container,pottery,ware) n polypod ~ mravalfexa ~
WurWeli pottery ~ Tixis ~
beak-spouted ~ tuCiani ~ recipient ~ ferflis Casayreli ~
broad-bodied ~ farTemucliani ~ rimmed ~ bakoiani ~
butter churn sadRvebeli ring-based ~ qusliani ~
~ carrying a stamp=with the impress of stamp ritual ~ ritualuri/saritualo ~
damRiani ~
round based ~ mrgvalZiriani ~
coil-built ~ Tixis bawariviT gZeli na-
serving ~ sufris ~
WrebiT spiralurad nagebi ~
shallow ~ Txeli/Txelkedliani ~ ; ara-
column-shaped ~ svetisebri ~
Rrma=gadafriala ~
concave-sided/ogee ~ gverdSezneqili=
silver ~ vercxlis ~
Sezneqilgverdiani ~
sloping sided ~ kalTebdaqanebuli ~
cult tables sakulto ~
small ~ mcire zomis ~
dark-burnished ~ muqad gamomwvari ~
smooth-faced ~ gluvzedapiriani ~
decorative ~ dekoratiuli ~
spoted ~ tuCiani ~
drinking ~ sasmisi ~
squat form ~ dabali ~
fat ~ mucliani ~
stemless ~ ufexo ~
festive ~ sadResaswaulo ~
straight-necked ~ maRalyeliani ~
flat based/bottomed ~ Zirbryeli ~
straight-sided ~ sworgverdiani ~
food ~ maragis Sesanaxi ~
~ support ~ quraSi Casadgmeli damxmare
footless ~ ufexo ~
~ thrown on the wheel Carxze amoyvanili
~ for serving at table Camosasxmeli ~
tripod ~ samfexa ~
handleless ~ uyuro ~
tripod=tripoid rimmed ~ samtuCa ~
hanging ~ Camosakidi ~
undecorated ~ uornamento ~
heavy-duty ~ mZime ~
wide-bellied ~ farTemucliani ~
heavy walled ~ sqelkedliani ~
wide-mouthed ~ farTopiriani ~
high-feet/footed ~ maRalfexiani ~
~ with bent-out(everted,offset,outcurving,
hole-mouth ~ sadinariani ~ splaying out) rim pirgadaSlili ~
in the shape of some figure raime formis ~ ~ curved inwards(incurving,inverted)
mqone ~ rim pirmoyrili ~
inner ~ of mat Sida=Wilofis ~ ~ ~ flat underside brtyelZiriani ~
interment ~ (da)sakrZalavi ~ ~ ~ the narrow neck viwroyeliani ~
lidded ~ Tavdaxuruli ~ ~ ~ pointed base qusl/Zirwvetiani ~
long-necked ~ maRalyeliani ~ ~ ~ rising spout tuCaweuli ~
low-necked ~ dabalyeliani ~ ~ ~ rounded underside mrgvalZiriani
measuring ~ sawyao ~ ~ ~ thickened rim pirSesqelebuli ~
milking ~ sawveleli ~ ~ ~ triple rim samtuCa ~
mixing ~ Sesarevi ~ ~ ~ underside bent inwards ZirSezneqi-

266
 სარჩევი
li ~
~ ~ wide underside farTeZiriani ~
vestibule n winkari,vestibiuli
vestige n kvali/nakvalevi,narCeni,gadmo-
naSTi
vestment n sakurTxevlis safari,saekle-
sio samosi,riza
vestry v sadiakvne,eklesiis salaro
~ book saeklesio wigni
vesture(d) n adj aRkazmuloba/aRkazmuli,
samosi
vetch=Vicia sp. Lat. n adj mware cercve-
la(si) (mc)
vexed adj garizianebuli,aRelvebuli
via… n prep. Lat. gza,gavliT,gzad,saSu-
albiT(mag.via Gori goris gavliT)
viable adj nayofieri/sicocxlisunariani
azri/Teoria
vial n boTli,fiala
viants(see victuals) n pl xoragi
vibrant adj sicocxliT savse,cocxali,
mfeTqavi
vice n nakli,codva=siave; magieri,moad-
gile
~ chair n Tavmjdomaris moadgile
viceroy n mefisnacvali,vice-mefe
vicinity n sivrce
immediate ~ uSualo siaxlove
in ~ axlos,mezoblad,axlo-maxlo,Se-
mogarenSi
in the direct ~ gverdiT,mezoblad,uSu-
alo siaxloveSi
vicious adj bilwi,garyvnili
~ circle mojadoebuli wre
victim n msxverpli
victor n gamarjvebuli (vinme)
victorious adj gamarjvebuli,Zlevamosili
victory n gamarjveba
~ motif gamarjvebis motivi
vin a ~ gamarjveba=gamarjvebis mopove
ba,ZlevaÁ
victorous adj gamarjvebuli,Zlevamosili
victuals(see viants) n pl xoragi
vied with Sejibri vinmesTan
view n v Sexeduleba=xedva,xedi; daTva-
liereba,SeTvaliereba,Sexedva
aereal ~ aeropoto
~ as sb/sth ganixilo rogorc...
challenge a ~ mosazrebis uaryofa
come into ~ gamoCena,TvalSi moxvedra
commanding ~ gabatonebuli azri/Se-
xeduleba
267
from the point of ~ of… vinmes/ramis
TvalsazrisiT
in ~ of sth ramis gaTvaliswinebiT/
TvalsazrisiT
in ~ that… im TvalsazrisiT,rom...
in ~ of the fact that… im faqtis gaTva-
liswinebiT,rom...
long standing ~ miRebuli/xangrZlivar-
sebuli azri
pervacive ~ gavrcelebuli azri/Sexe-
duleba
~ point n Tvalsazrisi
posit a ~ azris/Sexedulebis Camoya-
libeba
profile ~ profilSi (xedi)
promote the ~ aCans/badebs azrs,rom...
refute ~ azris/Sexedulebis uaryofa,
azris ususurobis damtkiceba
share the ~ gaziareba/daTanxmeba ra-
ime azrze/Sexedulebaze
strident ~ susti azri/mosazreba
support the ~ azris/Sexedulebis mxar-
daWera/gamagreba
three quarter ~ sami meoTxedi xedi
~through sb’s eyes vinmes TvalTaxedviT
viewed adj ganxiluli,miCneuli
sth can/must be ~ as sth raRac SeiZleba/
unda ganvixiloT/miviCnioT ro-
gorc...
viewpoint n azri,Sexeduleba
pitfall of ~ mcdari Sexeduleba
views n pl xedi
vigil(s) n RamisTeva locvaSi,mwuxris
locvebi
vigor=vigour n Zala,somZlavre,simtkice
vigorous adj Zlieri,energiuli,gadamwy-
veti
villa n agarani, vila
village(cf. country) n sofeli
fully fledged ~ Camoyalibebuli ~
~ headman soflis mamasaxlisi
~ life damjdari cxovreba
~inundating within monts mTebSi Caflu-
li sofeli
vindicate v damtkiceba
vindicating adj damamtkicebeli
vindictive adj damsjeli,Surismgebluri
vine(see wild,wine) n adj (usur)vazi(s)
=grape ~ vazi,vazis toti
vine=Vitis Vinifera n adj Lat. kulturuli
vazi
viniculture=vinegrowing n ger mevenaxeoba/
 სარჩევი
meRvineoba
origins of ~ mevenaxeobis warmoSoba=fes
vebi
vinedresser/grower n mevenaxe
vinegarden/yard n venaxi, zvari
vintage n meRvineoba,rTveli,daRvineba
adj raime Zalian Zveli=uZvelesi,
kargad gamokveTili,Zvelmoduri
~point yvelaze Zveli da kargad Semo-
rCenili adgili Zeglze
violate v Zalis gamoyenebiT vinmes ufle
bis darRveva
violation of rights uflebaTa darRveva
violence n sibraze,gacxareba,Zaladoba
~ will breed ~ Zaladoba Sobs Zaladobas
violent adj Zalismieri,Zaladobrivi,Zli-
eri
violently adv Zlier,ZaliT
Virgin (the) n RvTismSobeli qalwuli
Dormiton of the ~ = Kiomesis Gr. RvTis-
mSoblis miZineba
Theotokos Chrysokephalos=Golden Head-
ed ~ oqrisTaviani RvTismSobeli
virgin n adj qalwuli; umanko,xalasi
~ soil yadimi
the ~ birth umanko Casaxva
virginal adj xeluxlebeli,uZravi (fena)
virtual adj faqtiuri,realuri,sagnobrivi
virtually adv faqtiurad,realurad,sagno-
brivad
~the same garegnulad erTnairi
virtue n keTilSobileba=sikeTe,moqmede-
ba,Zala
virtuoso n virtuozi
viscosity n mWideoba,webovaneba
viscous adj mWide,webovani
vishap n veSapi=qandakeba
visibility n warmosaxviToba,xilvadoba
visible adj aSkara,TvalnaTlivi,saCino,
xiluli
vision n xilva,xedva,mxedveloba
visionary n adj vinme araCveulebrivi ni-
Wis mqone,geniosi,meocnebe,winas-
warmetyveli
visioner n mxilveli,winaswarmetyveli
visionist n mistikosi
visit(ation) n v stumroba/stumrad misvla,
muzeumis/RirsSesaniSnaobebis daT-
Tvaliereba,wminda adgilebis movla
visiting of plague RvTis sasjeli
visitor n stumari,mnaxveli
vision n xilva,xedva
268
visir=visor n CaCqanidan samzeri
visual(ly) adj TvalsaCino(d),mxedvelobi-
Ti,sanaxaobrivi,xiluli/xilulad
~impressive garegnulad STambeWdavi
vital adj sasicocxlo,cocxali,sicocx-
lisunariani,umTavresi,gadamwyveti,
aqtiuri,uaRresad mniSvnelovani
~living entity sicocxliT savse cocxa-
li erTianoba
vitality n sicocxlisunarianoba
vitally adv sasicocxlod/uaRresad auci-
lebeli
vitex/vitexicis n sing/pl Lat. adj abraamis
xe/xis
vitreous adj minisebri,minis
vitrified adj miwad qceuli
vitrify v miwad qceva
vitrous adj madliani
vivacity n cicocxle,sicocxlisunarian-
oba,gamococxleba
vivid(ly) adj adv aSkara(d),TvalnaTlivi/
TvalnaTlivad,cocxali/cocxlad,
xiluli,naTeli
vivification n gacocxleba,gamococxleba
vivified adv gacocxlebuli,gamococxle-
buli
vizier n veziri
vocabulary n leqsika,sityvaTa maragi,
leqsikoni
vocation n mowodeba(iyo mag. arqeologi)
vocations(see holoday) n pl ardadegebi
vogue n moda
come into ~ modaSi Semosvla
voice n v xma; gaaxmiano(gaamxilo/Tqva
is,rac jer ar Tqmula
voiced adj mJReri(mag.Tanxmovani),JRera-
di(mag.sakravi,xma)
Volcano v hefesto=mWedlobis RmerTi
volcano n vulkani
shield ~ amofrqveuli laviT warmoqmni-
li borcvi future,myife ferdobebiT
volume n raodenoba=Semcveloba; tomi=
wigni
volumetric adj moculobiTi
voluntarily adv nebayoflibiT
volute/volutae n sing/pl Lat. voluta
vilute n xvia,volute
voracious adj gaumaZRari,Rormucela
~apetite dauokebeli mada
vortex n grigali,morevi
votaress(see nun) n monazoni,momxre (qa-
li)
 სარჩევი

votary(see mendicant,monk) n beri,momxre all encompacing ~ mTeli teritoriis

(kaci) SemomsazRvreli kedeli
vote n v ZRveni,Sesawiri,saarCevno xma; base of the ~ kedlis Ziri
Sewirva,xmis micema battered ~ dangreuli kedeli
voter n Se(mo)wirveli,amomrCeveli bearing/supporting ~ mzidi kedeli
votive(see object) adj aRTqmuli,SeTqmu- blank ~ SiSveli ~
li,Sesawiri blind/solid ~ yru ~
~ building Senoba,sadac raime rituali casemate ~ kazematis/kazematuri ~
sruldeba chord ~ damakavSirebeli ~
~ offering(s) Sesawiri (ram) city/town ~ qalaqis galavani/kedeli
voussoir(see architrave) adj nawiburiani, cross/wide ~ ganivi ~
solisebri curtain/curtine ~ galavnis ~ koSkebs
vow(see celibacy) v Seficva,ga(n)cxadeba, Soris
dapireba,aRTqmis dadeba daubed ~ Selesili kedeli
~ oneself to a life of… Sewiro Tavi raime defncive ~ damcavi ~
saqmes dwarf ~ dabali ~
take a ~ not to marry uxrwnelobis aR- enclosing ~ galavani, zRude
Tqma enclose/enclosure ~ galavani, Robe
vowed adj Seficuli far ~ grZivi kedeli
vulnerability n mowyvladoba ~fitted with hearth buxari/kera kedelSi
vulnerable adj mowyvladi,susti ~flue kedelSi datanebuli sahaero
vulture n Zera fortification ~ damcavi kedeli; simagre
W gable ~ orferda kedeli
wader n Waobis frinveli ~hanging kedelze Camosakidad damza-
wage v gamarTva,warmoeba raime saqmis debuli nivTi
wagon n oTxTvala,saZne uremi lined ~ amogebuli kedeli
wailing ger zari=datireba load-bearing ~ mzidi ~
wainsscot n paneli long pan ~ grZivi ~
waist n weli (adamianis) low/short ~ dabali ~
~ band n qamari main ~ kapitaluri ~
~ coat n enqeri niched ~ safexuredi ~
~ height simaRle odayvamde=welamde ~opening Riobi(xvreli,naxvreti) ke-
up to the ~ welamde delSi
wait for v lodini ~ornament kedlis morTuloba/samka-
wake n aRapi dakrZalvamde; gemis nak- uli
valevi wyalze party/share ~ ori saTavsis saerTo
in the ~ of sth fexdafex,nakvalevze kedeli
~ of sth ramis wina periodi/xana ~plate n kedlis TefSi
walk n v siaruli,seirnoba rammed esrth ~ natkepni miwis kedeli
battlement/rampart ~ cixis galavanze reed/wattle ~ mownuli facxis ~ =
sasiarulo biliki/gza ~of light framing of poles and twigs/wattles=
~ out v demonstratiulad wasvla pro ~of woven latticework of wattles mownuli
testis niSnad=datoveba=wasvla facxis kedeli
~ upright gamarTuli siaruli(or fex- retaining ~ amridi(damcavi,sayrdeni)
ze) kedeli sxva kedlisaTvis
walker n (qveiTad) mosiarule revetment ~ sayrdeni kedeli
walking adj ger mosiarule,mimavali,si- step=thickening ~ kedlis qveda nawi-
aruli lis gasqeleba
~ around area(see ambulatory) garsSemo- stepped ~ safexuredi kedeli
savleli spine ~ Sida grZivi mzidi ~
wall n v kedeli; dacva,kedlis Semovle- string ~ kibis Cana
ba sturdy ~ Zlieri kedeli

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 სარჩევი
~supporting post(see stronghold) kedlis
burji
surrounding ~ galavani
terrace ~ sayrdeni kedeli
underneath the ~ kedlis qveS
walled adj galavniani
walling n galavani
walnut n adj kakali(xe)/kaklis(xis)
~ shell shaped ware kaklis naWuWisebri
WurWeli
~ tree n adj kaklis xe/xis
wander v n xetiali,gzis dakargva,azri-
dan gadaxra=dabneva,bodva; mogza-
uroba
wander at random uazrod xetiali
wanderer n mgzavri=mogzauri=moxeti-
ale,mwiri=(mo)mlocveli
wandering ger xetiali/moxetiale,dabne-
uli/dabneuloba
in ~ exile devnilobaSi
wane n v dacemis xana;dacema=damcro-
ba,(da)kleba,mileva
waned adj damcrobili,dacemuli(mag.
kultura),daklebuli,Semcirebuli
waning ger adj kleba,mileva,klebadi,mi-
levadi,dacema
~years arsebobis bolo wlebi
want n v survili,ndoma
for ~ of sth simciris/saWiroebis gamo
war(see people) n adj omi; saomari
~aftermath omis Sedegi
at ~ omSi=saomari viTareba
break a ~ omis gaCaReba
evidence of ~ ~ kvali
feat a ~ ~ warmarTva
inconclusive ~ dausrulebeli omi
manace ~ omis muqara
~of conquest dapyrobiTi omi
~purpose saomari daniSnulebis
ruthless ~ machine omis daundobeli
manqana
~torn adj omgamovlili
unleash a ~ omis wamowyeba
wage ~ v SebrZoleba,omis gamocxade-
ba
~ ~ against sb eomo vinmes
~ waged to hold omi SesanarCuneblad
~ waged to win omi gamarjvebisaTvis
warfare n omi,Setakeba,omis warmarTvis
xelovneba=xerxi,brZola,saomari,
saomari moqmedebebi
art of ~ omis xelovneba
270
ward off v Tavidan acileba
warder n samefo=mefis kverTxi
ware(see ceramics,container,pottery,vessel) n
WurWeli,savaWrod gamiznuli saqone
li
carrot-shaped ~ Zirwvetiani WurWeli
coarse ~ (clay/fabric) uxeSkeciani ~
dark ~ muqi ~
~ faced burnished=DFBW muqad gamom-
vari ~
drab=monochrome ~ erTi feris dabali
xarisxis ~
fine ~ Zvirfasi ~
fine ~ (clay/fabric) wmindakeciani ~
footed ~ fexiani ~
glazed ~ qaSanuris ~
globular ~ sferulmucliani ~
handled ~ yuriani ~
highly burnished ~ Zalian naprialebi ~
knobbed ~ kopebiani/Sverilebiani ~
long-necked ~ yelmaRali ~
metallic ~ liTonisebr priala ~
narrow-necked ~ yelwvrili ~
necked ~ yeliani ~
pedestalled ~ fexiani ~
plain ~ sada/ubralo ~
red-slipped ~ wiTelwernaqiani ~
ring-based ~ qusliani ~
single-handled ~ calyura ~
slip ~ mowernaqebuli/wernaqiani ~
table ~ sufris ~
tubular-necked ~ yelwvrili ~
two-handled ~ oryura ~
white ground ~ TeTrgruntiani ~
warehouse n sawyobi
warlike adj meomari,saomari
~quality meomruli/meomris mamakacuri
Tviseba
warlock n jadoqari
warlord n mTavarsardali
warm(th) adj n Tbili,siTbo
warn(ing) v ger gafrTxileba
warp n v saqsovi bade; gamrudeba,gaRun-
va,damaxinjeba
weighted ~ dazgaze gadaWimuli saq-
sovi bade
~ winder n mqselavi
warped adj damaxinjebuli,dacerebuli,
formaSecvlili=deformirebuli
warrant n sabuTi ramis,gamarTleba,orde
ri=brZaneba,amarTlebs raRacas
warrior(see cavalry,equestrian,horse knight,mi-
 სარჩევი

litary,rider,soldier) n meomari running ~ gamdinare wyali

~ aristocracy samxedro aristokratia ~ shed n wyalgamyofi
~ society mxedroba (xalxi) ~ sick daWaobebuli
wily ~ eSmaki/cbieri meomari ~ skin rumbi
wart(y) n burcobi,kopi/kopebiani,meWeWi- ~ sprite ali,sirinozi, ~ feria
(ani) ~ supply wyalmomarageba/miwodeba
wash v (ga)recxva ~ table ~ sarke
~ across v gadarecxva,walekva under ~ wyalqveSa
~ tub n xis geja ~ ~ kingdom wylisqveSeTi
waste n adj v ZenZi(s);mocdena,gaflangva, ~way samdinaro gza,sanaosno mdinare
wuni(ani),danakargi,zarali,narCenebi ~ worn wyliT/wylisgan nagorebi/na-
~dump fuWi(uvargisi,gamonamuSevris) recxi
Sesagrovebeli ormo watered adj wyliT gazavebuli,morwyuli
waster n maoxari,gamcdeni water's edge wylis napiri/kide
watch n v majis/jibis saaTi; yureba= watery adj wyalwyala
Tvalyuris devneba wattle n adj lartya,xvia;mownuli,tyru-
watchward n maCvenebeli raRacis Suli,wneli(s)
water n adj v wyali,wylis, morwyva ~and doub dwelling facxa (Selesili)
~bird wylis frinveli ~coated/civered with clay TixiT Selesili
body of ~ wylis maragi(mdinare,tba...) ~dwelling facxa (Seulesavi)
~ bottle maTara rambling ~ xviara
~ buffalo kameCi wave n v talRa,Rarva
~ carrier meTuluxCe wavedwaving(see hair) adj (da)xveuli
~ caster jara eqimi=mkurnali waver v orWofoba
~ clock wylis saaTi waviness n Javari
~ course ~ nakadi/dineba. Rele wavering adj cvalebadi,cvalebadoba
~ ditch ~ arxi wavy adj talRisebri,talRovani,javari-
~ diviner ~ maZiebeli ani
~ fall n wyalvardnili,CanCqeri wax n adj v cvili(s), gasanTvla
~ flood warRvna,wyaldidoba casting by ~ pattern ~ modeliT Camo-
~ fowl n wylis frinveli sxma
fresh ~ sasmeli wyali mdinaris ~ colour ~ saRebavi,enkaustika
~ gap kanioni lost ~ casting ~ modelis dakargvis
ground/subsoil ~ gruntis wyali xerxiT Camosxma
hydrogen sulphide ~ gogirdovani ~ ~ pattern ~ modeli
~ inlet wylis gamSvebi waxed adj gasanTluli
~ level Tarazo waxen adj v cvilisa,gasanTvla
~ level/table ~ done waxing ger amaRleba,aRzeveba,mateba(mag.
~ lily ~ SroSani mTvaris)
live-giving ~ = ~ of life wyali macocxle ~and waning dacema,kleba(mag.mTvaris)
beli waxy adj cviliani
~ logged adj wyalSi nadebi,wyliT gaJ- way n gza,saSualeba,xerxi
RenTili be under ~ viTardeba
low ~ level wyalmarCxi mdinare find ~ to gzis monaxva/gakvalva
~ mark wylis niSani give ~ to sth warmoSva,gza mieca,daiwyo
~ outlet ~ gamomSvebi(mowyobiloba) adgilis daTmoba=Secvla
~ parting wyalgamyofi in such a ~ as iseTnairad,rom...
~ pipe wyalgayvaniloba,wyalsadeni, in the following ~ Semdegnairad
wylis mili in the same ~ ingvaradve=imnairadve=
~ plant wyalmcenare Zveleburad=Cveulad,rogorRac,
~ proof/tight wyalgaumtari rogorme,ramdenadme
~ pump wyalsaqaCi long ~ from Sors sadmeidan/ramisgan

271
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make ~ gavrceleba weddimg n adj gvirgvinis dadgma=qorwi-

~of attachment/fitting mierTebis/mimagre- neba=jvriswera; saqorwino
bis xerxi ~ ceremony saqorwino ceremonia
~ ~ doing sth ramis keTebis xerxi wedge n soli,culi
~ ~ life cxovrebis stili/wesi ~ in v Casma ramisa rameSi(mag.solis)
~ ~ rendition gadmocemis manera/xerxi ~ shaped characters lursmuli asoebi
~ ~ solution gadawyvetis saSualeba/ ~ ~ script ~ damwer-
xerxi loba
~ ~ thinking azrovneba wedlock n kanonieri qorwineba,col-qmro
~ ~ treatment damuSavebis/gamosaxvis ma- ba,saqorwino fici
near/xerxi Wednesday n oTxSabaTi,ermisa; merkuri
~ ~ writing weris manera/xerxi weed n v sarevela balaxi; (ga)margvla
~ out n gamosavali week(ly) n adv kvira(7 dRe); (yovel)kvire
~ side n adj gzispiri; gzispira uli
trudge ~ through gzis gakvalva weft n misaqseli
weak(en) adj v dauZlurebuli/uZluri, weight n v wona,saqajavis qva=lodi,saZi-
susti ; kleba,dasusteba/Sesusteba ravi,sawafi,sawoni,simZime; awonva
weakened adj dasustebuli,Sesustebuli weighting adj asawoni
weakly adv odnav,sustad ~ instrument (a)sawoni mowyobiloba
weakness n sisuste weightless adj uwonado
wealth v adj qoneba,simdidre,xvavi weighty adj damajerebeli,wonadi,safuZv-
~of information mdidari masala liani
~of textual evidence teqstebis simravle weild v xelT pyroba
wealthy adj mdidari,mdidruli weir n mdinaris jebiri/kaSxali,saguba-
weapon(cf.implement,tool) n sabrZolo ri
iaraRi weird n adj niSani=winaTgrZnoba; sabe-
defencive ~ Tavdacvis iaraRi diswero,saidumloebrivi,zebunebrivi
flat/round ~ qvargvalis ~ weired adj moCvenebiTi,gaugebari,fatal-
flint bladed ~ kaJis piriani ~ uri,fantastiuri
offencive ~ Tavdasxmis ~ welcome(ed)(ing) v adj migebeba; misasal-
pebble ~ qvis ~ mebeli,sasurveli
single-bladed ~ calfxiani ~ weld v SeduReba,liTonTa Sednoba
stubbing/thrusting ~ saZgerebeli ~ ~ into v CaduReba detalisa detalSi
weaponize(ation) v n SeiaraReba ~ on v daduReba,CaduReba,darCilva,mi-
weaponry n SeiaraReba,iaraRi duReba(liToniT)
wear v tansacmlis tareba,Cacma=xmareba, ~ on with steel dafoladeba
raime niSnis/warweris arseboba/qona well n adv Wa,(mineraluri)wyaro,kibis Wa
(mag.kramitze,satevarze,eklesiaze), uri; kargad
gadatana adgilidan adgilze,cveTa ~ accentuated/pronounced kargad gamo-
~ out v (ga)(da)cveTa xatuli
trace(s) of ~ xmarebis kvali ~ aimed kargad gaTvlili,sxarti,mo-
weather(ed) n v adj amindi; gamoqarva/gam- swrebuli
oqaruli,gadatana,gaZleba ramis ~ appointed gamarTuli,mowyobili
weathering ger gamoqarva as ~ as iseve, rogorc...
subject to ~ is,rac advilad iqareba ~baked/fired kargad gamomwvari
suffer from ~ gamoqarviT dazianeba ~built mkvidrad nagebi
weave(see knit) v qsovilis/kalaTis ~chosen kargad SerCeuli
qsova ~crafted daxvewilad/kargad gakeTebuli
~ in to/into v Caqsova/Cawvna qsovilSi ~ defined kargad gamoxatuli,wamaxuli
weaved adj dazgaze naqsovi ~ depicted ~ gamoxatuli
weaver n mqsoveli=meqsele ~ deposited towards sb/sth keTilganwyo-
weaving ger adj qsova; saqsovi(dazgaze) bili vinmes/ramis mimarT

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~endowned kargad dasaCuqrebuli whelp n beli,bokveri

~ established damkvidrebuli when pron. roca
~ found aRWurvili=gamarTuli whether Tu ara...Tu, anda
~ known gamoCenili,saxelovani,kargad or ~ an Tu...
cnobili=kargi saxelis mqone whereby roca
less ~ known nakleb Seswavlili/cno- ~sth maT Soris
bili where(ever) sad(ac),saidan(me)
~modelled kargad gamokveTili/Camoqni- ~ abouts adv miaxloebiTi adgili/ad-
li gilmdebareoba
~ of information Semecnebis wyaro=sala- ~ from saidan,saduri
ro whereas maSin, roca...Tumca,xolo,vidre
~ off adj SeZlebuli=mdidari whereupon conj. roca
~ organized kargad mowyobili/organi- wherewithal to feed gamosakvebad aucileb-
zebuli eli saSualeba=fuli
~propertioned daxvewili,zomiT Sesaba- whet v iaraRis galesva
misi,nagebi which rac,romelic,romlis
~ refined daxvewili of ~ romelTagan
~ reflected kargad asaxuli/gamoxatuli from ~ romlisganac,romelTagan(ac),sa-
~ stratified ~ stratificirebuli idanac
~ to do mdidari vinme, sakmarisi whimberry=Vaccinium mirtillus Lat. n adj mo-
~watered kargad morwyuli cvi(s)
welfare n keTildReoba while n prep. drois monakveTi; sanam,maS-
welter of sth simravle, auracxeli ram in roca..,manam sanam,radgan,ramdena-
west n adj dasavleTi dac,ganmavlobaSi,Tumca,miuxedavad
~bound train dasavluri mimdinareoba imisa, rom...
~bound freight train dasavleTisken mimar whilst maSin, roca...
Tuli whims of… moTxovnileba(ni)
western(er) adj n dasavluri; dasavleli whip n v Solti/gasoltva,maTraxi/gamaT
westernmost adj ukiduresi dasavleTi(T) raxeba,laris gavleba,dalarva
westward(s) adj adv dasavleTi(T) whirl v midreka
wet adj v nestiani/notion,sveli; dasve- white(see colour,ware) v adj gaTeTreba; Te
leba,dalboba=Calboba Tri(feri)
wetland n nestiani/Waobiani miwa ~ hot adj gavarvarebuli
whale n veSapi (cxoveli) ~ wash n adj v TeTra(si),umarili(s),ki-
whatever rogorc ar unda.., raime (sxva) riT SeTeTreba
whatsoever sruliad whiten(ed) v adj gaTeTreba,fer-umarilis
wheat n adj xorbali/xorblis wasma; gaTeTrebuli
bread ~ Triticum sp. Lat. puris xorbali within adv ganmavlobaSi
emmer ~ Triticum turgidum dicoccoides witness n v mowme,adasturebs,damowmeba,
Lat. kulturuli 2 Tesliani ~ vxedavT,vakvirdebiT
flint ~ Triticumdurum Lat. magari ~ we ~ mowmeni vxdebiT...
hard ~ magari xorbali=TavTuxi Whitsum Day samebis DdRe
soft ~ = einkorn rbili ~ whole adj adv mTeli=unaklo=sruli=da-
~ stone n marcvleulis sasresi uzianebeli; sul,yovlad
~ germ n adj xorblis Rivi(s) in ~ mTlianad
wheel n borbali=Tvali in the ~ saerTod,sazogadod
~ barrow n urika on the ~ mTlianobaSi
God's ~ RvTis borbali ~ sum sruli Tanxa/jami
~of solid wood umanebo Tvali urmis wholesome adj sasargeblo
~ mark n (sameTuneo) Carxis kvali wholly adv savsebiT,sul,srulad,yovlad,
~ wright n Tvlebis mkeTebeli ostati mTlianad,Tavidan bolomde,mTlad,
wheeled adj Tvlebiani sruliad

273
 სარჩევი

~ clear savsebiT naTeli willingly adv didi sirviliT/siamovnebiT

whorl n xvia willingness n mzadyofna,survili
whortleberry=Vaccinium vitis idaea Lat. n adj willion=Illion n ilioni
ZaRlyurZena(si) (mc) willow(see withe) n adj bza/bzis,Zewna/Zew-
whose visi,risi,romelTa,romlis nis,wnori(s),tirifi(s)
why pron. ratom win v gamarjveba,mogeba,mopoveba,damsaxu-
~ not ratom(ac) ara... reba
this is ~ amitom ~ the footing sazogadoebaSi damkvidre-
wick n patruqi ba
wicked adj avi.boroti winch n saxvevela, owinari
wicker v n adj wvna,wneli,mownuli wind n v qari; (wa)grexa,xveva
wickwork n adj wnuli ~ blown adj naberi,Casaberi
wide adj farTe,ganieri,didi,vrceli ~ catc(er)(scoop,tower,trap) sahaero xvre-
~ cheeks karis gverdiTi dgari li
~ distribution farTo gavrceleba ~ god qari RvTaeba
~ expance didi teritoria ~ instrument sasule/Casaberi sakravi
~ rang of goods saqonlis farTo asor- ~ round v Semoxveva
timenti ~ shield n qarsafari
~ranging farTod=did sivrceze gaSli winded adj dagrexili,daxveuli
li winding adj grexili,(da)klaknili,xveuli,
~ scale adj didi mixveul-moxveuli gza
~spread farTod gavrcelebuli widlass n owinari
~ ~ use farto gamoyeneba window n fanjara,sarkmeli,maRaziis vit
widely adv farTod rina
~ covered ~ gaSuqebuli(sakiTxi) bay ~ Senobaze garedan midgmuli
~ found/spread ~ gavrcelebuli samCarCoiani fanjara
~ practiced ~ gamoyenebuli=daner- ~ beam fanjris qudi/warbi
gili casement n Cveulebrivi fanjara
~ spread aRiarebuli,miRebuli,fexmo- dormer ~ antresolis fanjara
kidebuli French ~ minebiani kariviT didi ~
widen(ed) v adj gafarToeba,gafarToebu- romelic ezoSi gadis
li gable ~ samercxuli
widow(ed)(er) n adj n qvrivi qali; daqv- picture ~ mTlianminiani didi fanja-
rivebuli; qvrivi kaci ra
width n sigane rose ~ mrgvali ~
across the/on ~ siganeze sash ~ asawev-dasawevi ~
at ~ siganiT ~ sill fanjris rafa
at full ~ mTeli siganiT skylight n saxuravSi datanebuli fan
~ including… sigane raRacis CaTvliT jara
wielde the sceptre skiptris pyroba=mefoba slit ~ Zalian viwro da grZeli ~
wife n coli ~ with stained glass feradminiani ~
wig n pariki wine(see vine) n adj Rvino,Rvinis
wild adj gareuli,veluri ~ bowl n azarfeSa
~ animal ~ cxoveli ~ cellar=winery n marani
~ apple maJalo vaSli(s) ~ cup n Rvinis Wiqa
~ fire n xanZari ~ making meRvineoba
~ grasses Tiva ~ merchant=wintner siraji
grow in the ~ is,rac velurad izrdeba ~ skin n rumbi, tiki
~ vine usurvazi ~ press n yurZnis sawuri=sawnaxeli
wildness n veluroba ~ trade RviniT vaWroba
will n anderZi,neba,survili ~ vault Rvinis sardafi
~ to live nebisyofa wing n frTa,nagebobaze minaSeni=flige-

274
 სარჩევი

li ~ ~ exception of… garda

~ corridor house frTebiani/minaSenebiani ~ ~ proviso that… im pirobiT,rom...
saxli ~ ~ purpose of… …mizniT
winged adj frTiani,frTosani,frTebiani ~ ~ utmost exactness didi sizustiT
~ female frTosani qali withdrow v gamoweva,(xmarebidan) amoReba,
~ genius/genii ~ suli winadadebis dasma/wamoyeneba,ukan
~ horse=Pegas ~ cxeni daxeva/waReba,warTmeva,uaris Tqma
winner n adj gamarjvebuli,mogebuli withe(see willow) n lerwi,tirifi,Zewna
winnow v povna,gamorCeva,mixvedra(mag.Se- wither(ed) v adj gadaSeneba/gadaSenebuli,
cdomis) gacveTa/gacveTili,gaqroba/gamqra-
winter n adj v zamTari; zamTrisa/sazamT- li,naTesis gaxmoba,dacema(mag.kul-
ro; gamozamTreba turis),mzis Casveneba=arsebobis Se-
~ field Semodgomis naTesi wyveta,daWknoba,galeva,gauferuleba
wintering ger gamozamTreba withers n cxovelis qedi
wintner n siraji ~ yoke jidao,caluReli
wintorthur n adj TeTri Zaxveli,Viburnum withstand v atana.gaZleba
nodum, Lat. withy adj tirifis/Zewnis
wintry adj zamTris,zamTris Sesaferisad within adv prep/pron. (Si)gni(T),Soris; -Si
wipe v mosufTaveba,moSoreba,gadawmenda ~ N period raRac drois ganmavlobaSi
~ of the face of the earth aRgva pirisagan ~ N radius ~ radiusSi
miwisa ~ the confines (sa)zRvrebSi
~ off v aRgva,gaqroba,galeva ~ the sight TvalsawierSi
wire n adj mavTuli(s) withhold v Tavis Sekaveba
wisdom n sibrZne without prep. gareSe
wise adj brZeni,brZnuli ~ bias miukerZoeblad
~ man brZen(kac)i ~ considering sth ramis gauTvaliswineb-
wish n v ocneba,survili lad
wiskers n pl cxovelis ulvaSi(mag.katis) ~ delay gadaudebliv
wisp n sorsoli ~ doubt ueWvelad
wit(s) n niWi,Wkua,swavluli ~ strikig a blow ubrZolvelad
be sb's wits' end gamosavlis arqona,gamo witness n v mowme; dadastureba,damowme-
uval mdgomareobaSi yofna ba
be out sb's ~ gagiJeba witnessed adj dadasturebuli,dasabuTe-
native ~ Tandayolili niWi buli
witch n jadoqari qali witnessing adj damadasturebeli
~ craft n jadosnoba,jadoqroba wits= University ~ n pl swavlulni
~ doctor n eqimbaSi witty adj gonieri,Wkviani,dafiqrebuli,max
Witch Hasel n adj Hamamelis Virginiana= vilgonivruli
Hamamelis gen. Lat. virjiniuli wivern=wyvern n frTebiani gveleSapi
Txili wizard n jadoqari
with prep. …Tan wolf n mgeli
~ all the features… yvela niSniT ~ dog n mgel-ZaRla
~ difficulty gaWirvebiT.Zlivs ~ hound n mgel-ZaRla, nagazi
~ face down pirqve mwolare woman n qali
~ heavy odds against… didi upirateso- womb n wiaRi
biT wonder n v saocreba,saswauli; gaoceba
~ many caves mRvimovani wonderful(ly) adj adv saocari,saocrad
~ regard to ramesTan momarTebaSi wood n adj tye/tyis,,merqani/merqnis,xis
~ releaved heart damSvidebuli guliT ~ cut v xeze kveTa
~ small cogs raime wvrilkbilebiani ~ cutting area sakafi tye
~ the advent/onset of… dadgomisas (ro- edge of the ~ tyispiri
melime xanis) fossilized ~ namarxi tye

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~ goblin tyis kaci ~ of art xelovnebis nimuSi

~ land(s) n tyiani adgili,tye ~ ~ ~ of outstanding significance gansaku
~ of hornebeam trees jag-rcxilis tye gansakuTrebuli mniSvnelobis/
painted on ~ xeze naxati Rirebulebis mqone xelovnebis
sparce ~ meCxeri ~ nimuSi
split ~ napobi xe ~ out v mopoveba,miReba,Sedegis miReba
sth over ~ raime gadakruli xeze ~ out/up v gamomuSavebs
timber ~ samSeneblo xe-tye=masala ~ out in detail detalurad damuSaveba
~ work n xis nakeTobani ~ ~ thoroughly sakiTxis gamowvlilviT
~ working adj sadurglo,xis damuSaveba damuSaveba/Seswavla
dasamuSavebeli ~over retuSis keTeba
wooded adj n tyiani; koromi ~over mines madnis mopoveba
wooden adj xis(a) piece of ~ naxelavi,namuSevari
~ architecture ~ xuroTmoZRvreba robust ~ mZime samuSao
~ bier dasakrZalavi forani (xis) second ~ up meoradi/xelaxla damuSa
~ cored xiT SeWedili veba
~ foot passage Zelfenili biliki ~sth into sth ramis damuSaveba.formis mi
~ pin xis wkiri cema
~ relief ~ reliefi (ornamenti) ~up v damuSaveba
woodland n tye workable adj is,risi damuSavebac SeiZle-
woodless adj utyeo ba
woods n pl tye worked up adj gamokveTili=nakveTi
dark with ~ tyiT daburuli worker n muSa
outskirts of ~ tyis napiri day ~ dRiuri ~
woody adj tyiani working adj momuSave,muSa,damzadeba
woof n misaqseli ~ end iaraRis=xelsawyos samuSao piri
wool n adj matyli(s),Sali(s) ~ in… vinme momuSave raime masalaze(mag.
~bearing matylis momcemi qvaze/xeze)
workman(ship) n muSa; ostatoba,xelova-
~ shares n pl usu. cxvris saparsi mak-
neba,gamocdileba
rateli
workshop n saxelosno,seminari,seqciuri
woolly adj gaurkveveli,bundovani
muSaoba,seqciis sxdoma
word(see coin) n sityva
works n pl sawarmo,saxelosno,Semoqmede-
~ for ~ sityva-sityviT
biTi namuSevrebi,(na)Sromebi
~ of honour patiosani sityva
~ are in progress muSaoba grZeldeba...
sound out ~ sityvis warmoTqma
world n adj msoflio,qveyniereba,samyaro
work n v samuSao,Txzuleba,naxelavi,saq-
(mag.berZnuli); miwieri
me,naSromi=gamokvleva,samsaxuri,na-
around the ~ mTels qveynierebaze
warmoebi; muSaoba,Sroma
creation of the ~ samyaros Seqmna
~ alongside with daTanxmeba TanamSrom-
inner ~ sulieri samyaro
lobaze
~backward dabruneba ukan in the ~ eriskacobaSi
~carefully out= ~ out carefully daxvewa,kar outside ~ garesamyaro(romelime qveyni-
saTvis)
gad damuSaveba
primeval ~ pirvelqmnili samyaro
~done namuSevari,gakeTebuli saqme;
yoCaR!(Seqeba) spirit ~ suleTi,sulTa samyaro
~ ~ in accordance with requirements worldly adj miwieri,saero
srulfasovani naSromi,romelic worldwide=of ~ msoflio(mag.mniSvnelobis
yvela moTxovnas akmayofilebs worm n matli
~crudely uxeSad damuSaveba/keTeba wormwood n adj abzinda (balaxi)
exemplary ~ sanimuSo/misabaZo naSro- worn(see wear)(down/out) adj gacveTili
mi worse adj uaresi
~ into v gadamuSaveba worsen v gauareseba

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worship n v Tayvaniscema,vinmes gaRmerTe naweri,wawerili

ba=RvTaebad qceva,RvTis (gan)dideba ~ down adj Cawerili
~about sb locva vinmeze,gaRmerTeba vi ~ language damwerloba=ena,romelsac
mesi aqvs anbani
worshipped adj gaRmerTebuli having no ~ language udamwerlobo ena
worshipper n mlocveli(vinme) ~ record werilobiTi Zegli/wyaro
worshipping adj ger mlocveli/maRmerTebe ~ source ~ wyaro
li,gaRmerTeba borne out by ~ source raRac dastur-
worth of Rirebuli deba werilobiTi wyaroTi
~ ~ mentioning aRniSvnis/xsenebis Ri- wrong adj araswori
rsi be ~ Secdena=Secdomis daSveba
~noting aRnisvnis Rirsi ~ side ukuRma piri
sth is ~ Rirs=fasi,Rirs gakeTeba wrongly adv arasworad
~ to use saxmarad gamosadegi/vargisi
worthless adj gamousadegari,uvargisi
X
xerophile(see forest) adj qserofiluri
worthwhile(ness) adj n Rirebuli; Rirebu-
Xmas=Christmas n adj Soba,saSobao
leba,mniSvnelovani(a)
worthy adj Rirebuli,Rirseuli,Rirsi Y
wound n v Wriloba/naWrilobevi; vinmes yam (wild) n adj xmelTaSuazRvispiruli
daWra,Tavmoyvareobis Selaxva= mcenaris kartofilisebri Zirxve-
gulis tkena na(si), Dioscorea gen Lat.
sore ~ Ria Wriloba yard n ezo
wounded adj dakodili=daWrili back ~ ukana ~
wrap(ed) v adj SefuTva/SefuTuli,Sexve- yardstick n sazomi(mag.metriani)
va/Sexveuli yarn n adj Razli(s)
wreak n SurisZieba (?) yashmak n Cadri
wreath(en) n adj xvia,qiori=qoiri,micva- yataghan n iatagani
lebulis gvirgvini,niJaris xveuli year(ly) n adj adv weli(wadi); weliwde-
~ motif gvirgvinis motive(ornamentSi) uli,(yovel)wliuri/wliurad
wrench n saxraxnisi yarrow n adj farsmanduki(s), Achilea gen,
~ in v Caxraxna Lat.
wrestle(r)(ing) v n ger Widaoba,moWidave year round mTeli weli
wrinkle(d) n adj naoWi saxeze; naoWebiani= years n pl wlebi
danaoWebuli saxe about 2-4 ~ old daaxloebiT (mag 2-4
wrist(guard)(let) n maja; mSvildosnis ma- wlisa)
jis safari; xelborkili adult betweem/to 20-25 mozrdili (20-25
Writ(see Holy) n saRvTo werili wlisa)
write v (da)wera,wawera ~after wlebis Semdeg
~ down v Cawera ~afterword Semdgomi wlebi
~ in block capitals beWdurad wera declining ~ siberis wlebi
writer n mwerali, naSromis avtori final ~ bolo wlebi,dasasruli
writing n adj ger damwerloba/naweri; we- formative ~ Camoyalibebis ~
riTi; wera,saweri for ~ wlobiT,wlebis ganmavlobaSi
~ ability weris unar-Cveva,unary in the last ~ ukanasknel wlebSi
~ implements saweri mowyobiloba last ~ bolo/ukanaskneli wlebi
~instruments ~ ~ of many ~ standing fallow nasveni miwa
case for ~ ~ ~ mowyobilobis yuTi recent ~ bolo wlebi
in ~ werilobiT yesteryear n gasuli weli,warsuli,yo-
nonmonumental ~ ara Zeglis/Zeglze fili
gakeTebuli warwera yet adv ramdenadac,jer kidev ara,da
writings n pl nawerebi,naSromebi mainc,arcTu
written adj werilobiTi,dawerili,weriTi, ~another kidev erTi

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as ~ jer kidev ara A

~ frequently arcTu iSviaTad Aaron aaron
yew=Taxus.gen (Lat) n adj urTxeli(s) Abae abe (apolonis orakuli)
yield v gamoCena,gamovlena,warmoCena Abazi(o) Gr/Lat abazgi
n sargebeli Abazgia Gr/Lat abazgTa qveyana=abazgeTi
low ~ mcire mosavali/mosavliani Abdalonymus abdalonimus
yoke n v uReli; urmis Sebma Abel Bibl. abel(i)
~ fellow meuRle (kaci) Abigail Bibl. abigail/abigei
yoked in adj SeuRlebuli,uRelSi Sebmu- Abiah Bibl. abia
li Abimail Bibl. abimeil(i)
yokes team uReli(mag.xari),xar-uReli Abiud Bibl. abiud(i)
yore adv didi xnis win,uSores warsul- Abra(h)am Bibl. abraam(i)
Si Absalom Bibl. abesalom(i)
~ and foreign ucxoobaSi=ucxo qveyana- Abu Simbel abu-zimbel(i)
Si Abyssinia abisinia=eTiopia
young adj axalgazrda,norCi Achaean aqevelTa/aqevel(n)i
~ lady ymawvili qali Achaemenian aqemeniduri
Younger Dryas klimaturi aramdgradoba= Achaemenide aqemenidi
gvalva Accad=Akkad Bibl. aqadi
youth n Wabuki,ymawvili,mozardi,siyrme, Achea aqea
siWabuke Acheul aSeli
in early ~ ymawvilobaSi,ymawvilqaloba- Achillas aqiles
Si/kacobaSi
Achilles aqilevsi
yurt n iurta
Achim Bibl. aqim
Z Acragas akraga
zealous adj saqmes mowyurebuli,saqmisT- Adad=Addu adad
Tvis Tavdadebuli Adadnirari adadnirari
zealouslu adv Tavdauzogavad Adah Bibl. ada
Zeitgeist n Germ. epoqis suli Adam Bibl. adam(i)
zero num adj nuli ; nulovani Admah Bibl. adad
zest n eSxi=marili Adonis Adonis(i)
ziggurat n zikurati adriam=Hadria(us) Adriane
Zion n sioni Adrianople=Adrianopolis adrianopolis(i)
Ziziphora n adj urci(s),qondara(si) (mc) Adriatic Sea(see Issa) adriatikis zRva
zona/zonae n sing/pl Lat. qalwulis sar- Aea ae(a)
tyeli Aeetes=Aietes aieti
zone n zona,garemo Aegean egeoseli/egeosuri
comfort ~ xelsayreli garemo Aegean Sea (see Icarian) egeosis zRva
environmental ~ bunebrivi ~ Aegeus=aigeus egevsi
patchwork of ~ ~ ~ zonebis siWrele Aegina egina
frontier ~ sasazRvro zona Aelius elius
~of operation moqmedebis ~ Aemilia Bibl. emilia
small distribution ~ gavrcelebis mcire Aemilian emelian
areali Aemilius Paullius Macedonicus emilius pa-
zoomorphic adj cxovelsaxe=zoomorfuli ulius makedonikus
zucchini n adj kitrana(si) Aeneas enea(s)
Aeoli(s)=Aeolia eoli(a)
Aeolic=Aeolian eoleli/eoluri
Aetius (a)ecius/etuis
Aetna=Etna etna
Aerarium saturnis taZris xazina
Proper and Geographic Names

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Aeschines esqine Amazaspus amazaspi

Aeschylus esqile Amman amani
Aeson iazon(i) Ammianus Marcellius amiane marcelin(i)
Aesop(os) ezope/esope Aminadab aminadab(i)
Agamemnon agamemnoni Ammonios Hermias amonios hermia
Aga-Mohammad-Khan aRa-mahmad xani Ammonios Sakkas amonios saka
Agariste agariste Ammonius amonius(i)
Agata aRaTi Amorean=Amorite Bibl. amoreveli
Agatharchides agaTarqide amorgos amorgos(i)
Agathias Scholasticos agaTia sqolasti- Amos amos(i)
kosi Amphipolis amfipolis(i)
Agathocles agaTokle Amphitius amfitius(i)
Agathon agaTon/aRaTon Amuq amuki/amuqi
Agia=Hagia Triadha agia-tiada=sameba Amurru amuru
Agricola agrikola Anabasis anabazisi
Agrippa agripa Anacreon anakreon(i)
Agrrippina agripina Anacreont anakreont(i)
Ahaz aqaz Anadolu(cf. Anatole) Turk. Aanatolia
Ahhijavâ/Ahhiuwa axiava Anahita anahita
Ahlamu axlamu Anakopia anakofia
Ãhuramazda ahuramazda Anamim Bibl. ematiimel(n)i
Ai ai Anastasios anastasi(os)
Ai-Et Tell ai-eT Tel(i) anastasius=Anastasios anastasi(us)
Aï Khnoum ai xanum Anatole=Anatolia Gr. Aanatolia
Aithiopos eTipelebi/eTiopebi Anaxagoras anaqsagora/anaqsagore
Akhachcharku axaCCarku Anaximander anaqsimandre
Akholis aqolis/axolis Anaximenes anaqsimene
Ahkhul-Abaa axul-abaa Anchialus anqialos/anqialus(i)
Akusilaos of Argos akusile argoseli Ancus Marcius ankus marcius(i)
Alaça Hüyük/Höyük alaja/alaCa huiuki Andalusia andaluzia
Alala(k)h alalaxi/alalahi Andocides andokide
Alamanni alamani Andreas of Kresios andria kreteli
Alan(i) alan(eb)i Andew the Pillar Apostle andria pirvelwo-
Albinu=Alcinous albinus/alkinus debuli
Alcibiades alkibiade Andriskos cru filipe
Alcmaeonidae alkmeniade Andromachus andromaqe
Alep(po)=Haleb alepo Andromeda=andromeda andromeda
Alexander the Great/of Macedon aleqsandre Andronicus of Cyrrus andronike kiroseli
didi/makedoneli Andronicus of Rhodos andronike rodose-
Alexander Severus aleqsandre severos(i) li
Alexandria aleqsandria Angeloi angelosebi(s) (dinastia)
Alexius=alexios Bibl. aleqsi Angitia angicia
Alishar Höyük aliSar huiuki Angora=Ankara angora/Ankara
Alkamenes alkamene Anicetus anisete
Al-lah alah(i) Ani(s) ani(si)
Al-Mina al-mina Anitta anita
Altamira altamira Anjou anJu
Ambrose ambrozi Annona anona
Ambrose of Milan ambrosi milaneli Anselm Bibl. anselm(i)
Ambrosiae ambrozia Antaios anTaosi)
Ambrosius ambrozius/ambrosi Anthemius anTemius
Amastris amastrisi Anthus anTeos(i)

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Anthony Bibl. anton(i) Aquitania akvitania

Antigone antigone Aragus=Aragvi aragvi
Antigonus Gonatas antigon gonata/gonaTa Aram=Ram aram(i)
Antigonus One Eyed antigon calTvala Aramaic arameuli
Antim Iverianul anTim(oz) iverieli Arcadia arkadia
Antimachus antimaqe Arcadius arkadius(i)
Antipolis antipolis(i) Arcesilaus arkesilos
Antinous antinoe Arcesilaus Cyrene arkesilos kirene(li)
Antioch(eia) antioqia Archaeopolis arqeopolisi=noqalaqevi=
Antiochus antioqe/antioqos cixegoji
Antiochus of Ascalon antioqe askaloneli Archangelo Lamberti arqanjelo lamber-
Antiope antiope ti
Antiphanes antifane Archelaus arqelaus
Anti-Toros/Taurus antitavros Archilochus arqiloqe
Antonia antonia Archemus arqeme
Antonine antoniniani (dinastia) Archimedes of Syracuse arqimede siraku-
Antonine Wall=Wall of Antininus antoniusis zeli
kedeli Ardashir ardaSiri
Antoninianus antoniniane Ares ares(i)
Antonius Lucius antonius lucius(i) aretas arete
Antonius Marcus=Mark Antony antonius Arganthonius arganTon(iusi)
markus Argonaut argonavti
Antonius Pius antonius pius(i) Argonautica argonavtika
Antony antoni Argos argos(i)
Aphrodisias afrodizia Ariadne ariadne
Aohrodite afrodite Ariadne’s clew ariadnes gorgali
Apollinarius apolinarius(i) Arianism arianeloba/arianizmi
Appian apiane Aristaechus aristeqos
Appia(n) Way=Via Appia apiis gza Aristagoras aristagore
Apollinare apolonis taZari Aristarchus aristarqe
Apollinares apolonisadmi miZRvnili Aristarchus of Colchian aristarq kol-
dResaswaulebi xeli
Apollinaris apolonis(a) Aristarchus of Samos aristarq samoseli
Apollinarius apolinarius(i) Aristarchus of Samothrace aristarq samo-
Apollo (Hegemon) apolon(i) [hegemon(i)] Trakieli
Apollodorus of Damascus apolodor da- Aristides aristide
maskeli Aristobolus aristobol(i)
Apollonia apolonia Aristocles aristokle
Apollonius apolonius(i) Aristomachus aristomaqe
Apollonius of Rhodes apolon rodoseli Ariston of Cios ariston qioseli/xioseli
Apoxymenus apoqsimene Aritophanes aristofane
Appuleius Sextus apuleus seqstus(i) Aristotle aristotele
Aprodite of Cnidos afrodite knideli Aristotelianism aristotelianoba/aristo-
Apsarus afsarosi telianizmi
Apsila(e)=Apsili(i) afSil(eb)i Aristoxenus aristoqsene
Apsyrtos=Apsyrtus afsirte Arkite arukeveli
Apuleius apuleus(i) Armageddon armagedoni
Apulia(see Puglia) Aapulia arphaxad arfaqsad(i)
Aquila akvila Arrian ariane
Aquileia akvilea Arrianos Flavius ariane flavius(i)
Aquilius Manius akvilius manius Arsaces arSak(i)
Aquincum akvinkum(i) Arsacid arSakidi

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Arsen of Ikalto arsen iyalToeli Avianus aviane

Arsinoe=Arsinoëarsinoe Avicenna=Ibn Sina avicena/ibn sina
Arsineous arsineus Avignion avinioni
Arslantepe arslanTefe Avitus avitus(i)
Artabanus artaban Ayia=hayia Triada aia triada
Artvasd(es) artavazid(eb)i Azo azo
Artaxerxes artqserqse Azor azor
Artaxes artaqse Azov azovi
Artaxias artaqsia B
Artemidorus of Ephesus artemidore efe- Baal baal(i)
seli Baalbek baalbeki
Artemis artemida/artemide Baldwin bolduini
Artoces artoke Babel=Babylon Bibl . babiloni
Arvadite aradelni Babyshka babiSka
Asa asa Bacchanalia baqkanalia
Asclepiades of Samos asklepiade samo-s bacchant(e) baqki (kaci/qali)
seli Bachus baxus(i)
Asclepion asklepion(i) Bactria baqtria
Asclepios=Asclepius asklepios(i) Bag(h)dad baRdadi
Ashkenaze aSkenazi ebraelebi Balbinus and Pupienus balbinus(i) da pu-
Asparuces=Aspauroukhis asparuki/asparux pienus(i)
Aspasia aspasia Balkan Peninsula balkaneTi(s) n-k
Assisi=Asisium asizi/asizium(i) Balthasar=Balthazar Bibl. balTazari
Assos/Assus asos(i) Barbara Bibl. barbale
Assur asur(i)/aSur(i) Bari bari
Assyria asiria Barnabas=Barnaby Bibl. barnaba
Athanadorus aTanadore Baroque baroko
Athanadorus of Rhodes aTanadore rodo- Baqai barqai
seli Bartholomew Bibl. barTlome
Athanasius of Alexandria aTanase aleqsan- Basil(ios) Bibl . basili
drieli Basil of Caesarea basili kesarieli
Athaulf ataulfi/aTaulfi Basil of Sofene basili sofoneli
Atheaneum aTeneumi Basil of Zarzma basili zarzmeli
Athena aTena Basque baski
Athens Pallas ados=Pallados aTena palada Basra basra
Athena Parthenos parTenonis aTena Beiruth beiruTi
Athenae=Athens aTeni Beluchistan belujistani
Athenian aTeneli/aTenuri Belvedere belvedere
Atlant=Atlas atlanti Benedict=Benedikt Bibl. benediqte
Atlanta Aatlanta Benjamin Bibl. beniamini
Atlas Mountains atlasis mTebi Berber (people) berberi (xalxi)
Atreus atrevsi Berezan berezani
Atropatene atropatena Bethel=Beth Bibl. beTeli
Attica atika Bethlehem Bibl. beTlemi
Augustinus Sanctus (aq) netari avgustine Beyçesultan beijesulTani
Augustus avgustus(i) Bil El-Qutt bil el-quT(i)
Aurelian avreliane/aureliane Biraparakh birafaraxi
Aurelius avrelius(i) Bishpur biSapuri
Aureolus aurelius(i) Bithynia biTinia
Aurora avrora Bizantium=Byzantine bizantia
Australopitekos avstralopiteki Boa boa (dedofali)
Avenarius avenarius(i)

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Boaz boos Carinius and Numerian karinius da numeri-

Boeotia beotia an(e)
Bogazkoy boRazyoi Carthge=Carthgo karTageni
Bologn(ia) bolonia Caryatides kariatidebi
Boniface bonifaci Casluhim Bibl. xaslorimelni
Boreas borea Caspian Sea(see Hyrcanian) kaspiis zRva
Borysthenes borisTene Cassander kasandra
Boscoreale boskoreali Cassiano del Pozzo kasiane del pocco
Bosphorus(Crimean) bosfori (yirimis) Cassiodorus kasiadore
Brindisi(um) brindizi Cassiope kasope
Brundisium brundiziumi (Teatri) Cassius kasius(i)
Brutus brutus(i) Castor kastor(i)
Bucephalus bucefali Castorius kastorius(i)
Bucolici bukolik(ur)(i)=sofluri Çatal Hüyük CaTal huiuki
Buddah buda Catharine=Catherine qeTevan(i)
Büyük Gülüçek biuiuq guluCek Catilina=Catiline katilina
Byblos biblosi Cato kato
Byzantium(see Bizantium) bizantioni Cato M. Porcius the Elder kato m. porcius
C ufrosi
Cadiz kadisi Cato M. Porcius the Younger kato m. por-
Cadmos kadme/kadmosi cius umcrosi
Caesarea kesarea/kesaria Catulus=Catullus katulus(i)
Cain Bibl. kaen(i) Caucasia=Caucasus kavkasia
Cainan Bibl. kainan Cavad kavad(i)
Cairo kairo Celt(ic) kelt(ur)i
Calah Bibl. xalan(i) Cenomani kenomani
Caleb Bibl. qalebi Centaurus kentavri
Caligula kaligula Cerasus kerasus=kelasuri/klisura(?)
Callicrates of Samos kalikrate samoseli Cerberus cerberi
Callimachus kalimaqe Cesarion kesarion(i)
Callisthenes kalistene Cestius cestius(i)
Callistus kalisto Chsaeronea qeronea
Calliope kaliope-epikuri poeziis muza Chalcedon qalkedoni
Calneh talan(i) Chalciope qalkiope
Calvary=Golgotha golgoTa Chacolite qalkoliTi
Calypso kalifso Chalcolitic qalkoliTuri
Campana kampana Chaldaea qaldea
Campania kampania (provincia) Chaldees qaldevel(eb)i
Canidius Crassus kanidius krasus Chalybe xalibi
Candidus kandid(i) Champollion J.F. J.Ff.Sampolioni
Can Hasan qen hasan(i) Chardin J. J. Sardeni
Cana of Galilee kana galileis Chariton xariton(i)
Canaan Bibl. qanaani Charites qaritebi
Canaanite(s) Bibl. qanaanel(n)i Charon’s Ferry qaronis navi
Caphtorim Bibl. kafTorimelni Chatti=Hsatti=Hittites xaTi,xaTebi/xeTebi,xe-
Capitoline Hill kapitoliumis mTa Turi
Cappadocia kabadokia Cheiron qironi
Capri kapri Cheops xeofsi
Capua kapua Chepren xefreni
Caracalla yarayara=karakala Cherson xersoni
Carchemish=Karkamiŝargamiŝ qarqemiSi Chersonese=Chersonesus xersonesi
Chian qioseli/qiosuri=xioseli/xio-

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suri Corinth(us) korinTi=korinTo

Chios xiosi Coriolanus koriolanos
Chilon xiloni Cornelii korneliusebi
Chimera qimera Cornelius kornelius(i)
Chion of Heraclea xion heraklieli Cornelius Nepos kornelius nepo
Chloe Lat. qloa=simwvane Corsica korsika
Chlorus qlorus Cos kos(i) (kunZuli)
Chorasm(ian)(ii) xorezmi/xorezmelebi= Cotaisi=Kutaia quTaisi=quTaia
xvarazmi=xvarazmelebi Crassus kras(us)
Chosroes xosro Cremona kremona
Christine qristine Creta=Crete=Krete kreta
Christopher qristefore Creta-Mycenae kreta-mikenuri
Chrysippus qrizipe Cretan kreteli/kretuli
Chrysostom John=John Chrysostom ioane Croesus krezi
qrizostomi=oqropiri Cupid kupidoni
Cicero Quintus Tullius kvintus tulius Curpus kviprosi
ciceroni Cush xus(i); Bibl. kuSi (qalaqi)
Cilicia(n) kilikia,kilikieli.kilikiuri Cubele kibela/kibele
Cilla cila Cyclades kikladebi
Cimmeria(n) kimiria,kimirieli/kimiriuli Cycladic kikladuri
Cincinnatus cincinati Cyclope ciklopi
Circe kirke Cyclopean ciklopuri
Circeii circea Cycnos kiknosi
Claudian klavdian(e) Cyprian kipriane
Claudian Dynasty klavdiosTa dinastia Cyproit kviproseli/kviprosuli
Claudii klavdiusebi Cyrrhus kirus(i)
Claudii Ptolomaei klavdi ptolomaios(i) Cyrus kirosi=mtkvari
Claudius II Gothicus klavdius II goTi Cyzicus kiziki
Clazomenae klazomena D
Clement klement(i) Dacia dakia
Clement of Alexandria klement aleqsan- Daedalic dedaluri (Zv. berZ. xelovne-
drieli baSi)
Cleitarchus klitarqe Daedalus dedalosi
Cleopatra kleopatra Dalmatia dalmacia
Clio klio-istoriis muza Dalmatius dalmacius(i)
Clodius Albinus klavdios albinos Damascus damasko
Cnidos=Cnidus knidos(i) Danaëdanae/danaia
Cnossos=Cnosus knosos(i) Danaides danaidebi
Colchian kolxuri Danaoi danaelebi
Colch(is) kolxeTi,kolxi/kolxebi Daniel the Stylite Ddaniel mesvete
Colisseum=Colosseum kolizeumi Dante Alighieri dante aligieri
Colophon kolofoni Danube dunai (mdinare)
colossus of Rhodes rodosis kolosi Daphne dafne/dafna (saxeli)
Commagene komagene=qumuxi Daphnis dafnis(i)
Commodus komodi Dariel=Daryal pass darialis kari/xeoba
Constantina konstantina Dareus=Darios darius(i)
Constantine konstantine Darius darios(i)
Constantinople=Constantinopole(see Istanbul) David daviTi
konstantinopoli
Deborah Bibl. debora
Constantius konstancius(i)
Decapolis aT(i)qalaqi
Copt(ic) kopti/kopturi
Decebalus decibalos(i)
Corfu korfu

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Decius decius(i) Dolichocranium doliqokrani

Dedan daTan Domitia(n) domicia(n)(e)
Delos delos(i) Domitilla domicila
Delphi delfosi Domitilla Alexander domicila aleqsandre
Demeter demetra Domitius domicius(i)
Demetrios=Demetrius demetrios(i) Domitius Ulpian(us) domicius ulpian(e)
Demokritus demokrite Dorian dorieli
Demosthenes demosTene Doreas Bibl. serna
Diadorus Cronus diodore kronosi Doric doriuli
Diadorus Pasparos diodore pasfarosi Dorieis dorielebi
Diadorus Siculus diodore sikulus Dorothea Bibl. doroTe
Diadumenianus diadumenianus Doryphorus of Polyclitus dorifore poli-
Diana diana/daiana kliteli
Didius Jubilianus didius iuliane Dositheus dosiTeos(i)
Didyma didima Druid(ism) druid(izm)i
Diklah diklaÁ Drusilla drusila
Dio Cassius dio(n) kasius(i) Drusus druzus/drusus
Dio Cocceianus dio(n) kok(c)ianus Dubois de Montpereux diubua de monpere
Diodoros of Sicillia diodore sicilieli Dukai dukebi (dinastia)
Diodorus diodore Dukas duka
Diodotos diodote Dura Europus dura evropos
Diogenes diogene Duumviri duumviri
Diogenes of Apollonia diogene aploneli E
Diogenes the Cynic diogene cinikosi Ea ea
Diogenes Laertius diogene laerti Ebenezer ebinezer
Diogenes Sinopeus diogene sinopeli Eber eber
Diokletian Ganius Aurelius Valerius diokle- Ecbatana ekbatana
tiane gaius avrelius valeri(us) Ecclesiastes eklesiaste
Diomides diomide Echidna eqidne
Dion dion Edessa edesa
Dionisios=Dionysios=Dionysus dionise Enoch Bibl. enoq/enuq,enox
Dionisios (ho) Areopagites dionise areopa- Egnatius egnate
geli Egypt egvipte
Dionisios (ho) Pariegetes dionise pariege- Eguptian egvipteli/egvipturi
te El-Akaba el-akaba
Dionisios of Syracuse dionise sirakuzeli El-Djem el-jemi
Dionysia dionisiebi El-Faium el-faiumi
Dionysius of Alexandria dionise aleqsan- El-Mina el-mina
drieli El-Obaid el-obeidi
Dionysius of Halicarnassus dionise hali- Elagabalus elagabali
karnaseli Elam Bibl. elami (qveyana)
Dionysius of Mletes dionise mileTeli Elea=Elia elia
Diophantos diofante Eleazar=Eleazer Bibl. eliazar
Dioscuria(s) dioskuria Electra eleqtra
Dioscuri(ados) dioskuri Eliakim Bibl. eliakim
Dioscuriades=Dioscurias dioskurebi Elias=Elijah Bibl. ilia
Diyabakir diarbaqiri Elihu Bibl. eliu
Djuansher=Juansher juanSer(i) Elisabeth=Elizabeth Bibl. elisabedi
Dodamin Bibl. dodamin Elisha Bibl. elise
Dodona=Dodone dodona/dodone Eliud Bibl. eliud
Dolichocephale doloqocefal(ur)i Ellen=Helen Bibl . elene
Dolichocrania doliqokranuli

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Elmodad Bibl. elmodad Europa evrope (qalRmerTi)

Elutherae elefTeri Europe evropa (kontinenti)
Emmanuel=Immanuel Bibl. emanuil Euripides evripide
Empedocles of Acragas empedokle akraga Eurydice evridike
Endymien endimioni Eusebius of Caesarea evsevi kesarieli
Enlil enlil(i) eusebius of Thessalonica evsevi Tesaloni-
Enos enos keli
Epaminondas epaminonda Eustathios of Macrembolites evstaTi mak-
Ephesos=Ephesus efeso (qalaqi) rombolite
Ephesios=Ephesius efeseli Euterpe evterpe-liriuli poeziis muza
Ephraim Bibl. efrem Euthydemus evTidemos
Epicaste=Iokasta iokaste Eutropius evtropius(i)
Epicureanism epikureloba Euxinus Pontus=Pontus Euxinus=Pontus Pole-
Epicurus epikure miniacus=Pontus Savi zRva
Epidaurus epidavrosi Eva=Eve Bibl. eva
Epidaurus Pymela epidavros pimela Evagrius Ponticus evagrius ponteli
Epigonus epigone Ezecheil=Ezekiel Bibl. ezikieli/ezekia
Epiktetos epiktete Ezra Bibl. ezra
Epimenes epimene F
Epimenidas epimenidi Fabii fabiusebi (dinastia)
Epiphanios of Constantinople epifane kons- Fabius Maximus Quintus Cunctator fabius
tantinopoleli maqsimus kvintus kunqtatori
Equestrian ekvestruli (cxenosani/sacxe- Fabricius fabricius(i)
nosno) Farasanses farsans(i)
Erasmis Bibl. erazm Fausta fausta
Erastus Bibl. erast(i) Faustina faustina
Erastosthenes erastoTene Felix feliqs
Erato erato-erotiuli poeziis muza Fidenae fidene
Erech Bibl. oreq Fimbria fimbria
Eretria eritria Flanders flandria
Ergotimos ergotimos Flavian flavianTa/flaviosTa(dinastia)
Eros eros(i) Flavians flavianebi
Erotis erotebi Flavianus flaviane
Erzurum arzrumi Flavii flaviusebi
Estathius evstaTe/evstaTi flavius flavius(i)
Ester=Hest(h)er Bibl. esTer Floretia florencia
Ethiopia eTiopia Florian florian(i)
Etruria etruria Fortuna=Fortune fortuna
Etruscan/Etruscus etruskuli/etruski Fortuna Primigenia foptuna primigenia
Euboea evbea Forum forumi
Eubulidas of /miletes evbulide mileTeli ~ Augustum ~ avgustum
Eucleides=Euclid evklide ~ Alieni ~ alieni
Eudemos of Rhodes evdeme rodoseli ~ Apii ~ apium
Eurgetes urgete ~ Aurelium ~ avrelium
Eugene Bibl. evgeni ~ Caesaris ~ kesaros
Eugenius evgeni(us)i ~ Cornelii ~ korneliusebis
Eumenes of Pergamum evmene pergameli ~ Gallorum ~ galorum
Eupatrides evpetridebi ~ Julium ~ iulius
Euphemia Bibl. efemia ~ Pacis ~ facis=mSvidobis
Euphranor evfranor(i) ~ Romanum ~ romanum
Euphratus evfrati (mdinare) ~ Traiani ~ traianes(i)
Euphronios evfranios(i) ~ transistorum ~ transistorum

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Franks frankebi Göksy Valley gioqsis veli

Fulvia fulvia Golan Golan(i)
G Golgotha=Calvary golgoTa
Gabla gebla Gomer Bibl. Ramer
Gabrielle Bibl. gabrieli Gommorah=Gomrrah gomora
Gaius gai(us) Gonsaga gonzaga
Gaius Caesar gai(us) keisari/cezari Gordian gordia(n)(e)
Gaius Caligula gaius kaligula Gordias gordia
Gaius Helvius Cinna gaius helvius cina Gordion gordion
Gaius Julius gaius iulius Gogippia gorgipia
Gaius Julius civilis gaius iulius sivilis Gorgo (medusa) gorgona (meduza)
Gaius Plinius Junior(Minor,Younger)=Plini the Gotarzes gotarze
Junior plinius umcrosi Goth goTi (adamiani)
Gaius Plinius Secundus(Major,Elder)=Plini the Gourgenws gurgen(i)
Elder plinius ufrosi Gözly Kule giozlu yule
Galatea=Galathea galaTea Gracchus grakhus
Galatia galaTia Graeco=Greco berZnul(i)
Galerius galerius Gratian graciane
Galilean galileveli Gregorius=Gregory grigoli
Galilee galilea Gregorius Nysses grigol niseli
Gall gali (adamiani) Grigorios Sinaites grigorios sinaeli
Gallae gale/gali (kibeles qurumi) Grigorios (ho) Thaumaturgos grigorios
Gallia galia saswaulmoqmedi ( ?)
Cisalpine samxreT galia Gregory of Nazianzus grigol nazianzeli
Narbonensis=Narbonne narbonis galia Gryphius Andreas grifiusi andreas
Transalpina CrdiloeT galia Guad-ikhu guadixu
Gallienus galenus Güldenstaedt Johan Anton giuldenStadi
Gallus galus iohan anton
Gamaliel gamalieli Gyenus Ggienos (oCamCiresTan)
Ganimedes ganimede H
Gather Bibl. RaTer Hačilar hajilari
Gaza Raza Hadda head
Gedikli-Turk gedikli-Turq Hadoram Bibl. dorra
Gëitepe gioTefe Hadrian (h)adrian
Gelasius of Caesarea gelasi kesarieli Hagia Trias-ados=Triadha agia triada
Georg georg Hagion Oros aTonis iverTa monasteri
Georgius Cedrenas giorgi kedrene Haifa Hhaifa
Georgios Pohymeres giorgi pasimere Halaph halafi
Genoa=Genua genua Halicarnassus halikarnasi
Gentiles rodelni Hallstatt HhalStati
Gerar Bibl. gerar Ham Bibl. qam(i)
Germania germania Hama hama
Germanicus germanikus Hanna(h) Bibl. ana
Geta geTa/geta Hannibal hanibali
Gibeon gibeon Harmozica Hharmozika=armazcixe
Gibraltar Strait gibraltaris srute Haron Bibl. arran
Ginozar ginozar Harpia(e) harpia/harpiebi
Girgasite Bibl. gergesevelni Hatti=Hittite(s)=Chati xaTi,xaTebi,xeTebi,
Glicerius glicerius(i) xeTuri
Gnaeus= Gn gneus neo-Hittite=Neohittite axali xeTuri
Gobazes gubaz Hattuša xaTusa
Gog(see Magog) gog(i)

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Hattušili(šxaTusili Hezekiah Bibl. ezekia

Havilah Bibl. lvilat Hezron Bibl. esrom
Hazarmaveth Bibl. asarmoT Hindu Kush hindu yuSi
Hebrew ebraeli/ebrauli Hipparchos hiparqe
Hebron hebron Hippias hipia
Hecate hekaTe Hippocoön hipokoion(i)
Hecateus of Miletos hekaTe(os) mileTeli Hippocrates hipokrate
Hector heqtor(i) Hippocratic Oath hipokrates fici
Hecuba hekuba Hippomenes hipomene
Heironymus Bibl. ieronimus Hipponax hiponaqs(i)
Helen=Ellen elene Hiram Bibl. hiram
Heliodorus heliodori Hissarlik hisarlik(i)
Heliogabalus heliogabali Histria=Istria istria
Heliopolis heliopolis Hivite Bibl. eveli
Helius helios(i) Homer(os) homerosi
Hellespont helesponti=dardanelis Homeric homerosis/homeruli
srute Honorius (h)onorius(i)
Hemathite Bibl. amaTefelni Hoplete hopliti
Heniochi henioxi Horace horacius(i)
Hephaestus=Hephaistos Hhefesto Horatius horacio
Hera hera Horatius Quintus Flaccus horacius kvintus
Heraclea herklea flakus
Heraclea-in-Trahis Trakiis heraklea Hormazd hormazd
Heracleides heraklide Horoz-Tepe horoz-Tefe
Heracleides Lembos heraklide lembos Hosidius Geta hosidius geta
Heracleon herakleoni Hul Bibl. iul(i)
Heracles=Heracleus herakle Humphrey=Humphry onofre
Hrraclia Pontica pontos heraklea Hun huni (adamiani)
Heraclidae heraklide Huriti xuriti=huriti
Heraclitus heraklite Hyblaea hiblea
Heraclius heraklios Hydatius hidacius
Herculanum herkulanumi Hypatia hipatia
Hercules(see Pillars) herkulesi Hyrcanian=Caspian Sea kaspiis zRva
Hermes hermesi Hyssiportus hisiporte
Hermes of Praxiteles hermes fraqsiteli I
Hermias hermia Iason=Jason iason(i))
Hermogenes hermogen(i) Icarian=Aegean Sea egeosis zRva
Hemogenianus hermogeniane Illiad iliada
Hermonasa hermonasa Illyria iliria
Hermopolis hermopolis(i) Illyrioi ilirielebi
Herod(es) herode Iocasta=Epicaste iokaste
Herod the Great herod didi Ion of Chios iona qioseli
Herodianos=Gerodianus herodiane Ion=Jonah=Jonas iona
Herodotos=Herodotus herodote Ionia(n) ionia/ioneli
Heron heron(i) Ionic ionuri
Herophilos herofili Ioulianos=Julianus iuliane
Herostratos herostrate Iphigenia ifigenia
Hesiodo(s) hesiode Irad BBibl. Raidad
Hesperia dasavleTi Iraq erayi
Hesione hesione Irenaeus Bibl. irineos(i)
Heth Bibl. qetel Irene Bibl. irine

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Iris Bibl. irila/irisi John Chrisostom Bibl. ioane qrizostomi=

Isaak Bibl. isa(a)k(i) oqropiri
Isaia Bibl. isaia John (of) Damaskenos oane damaskeli
Ischia isqia John the Divine ioane winaswarmetyveli
Isfacan=Ispahan ispahani John Italos ioane italosi
Ishmael Bibl. ismail/iSmail John Kinnamos ioane kinamosi
Ishtar iSTari John the Landles ioane umiwawylo
Isis isis/isida John Malalas ioane malala
Ismene ismene John Orphanotrophos ioane orfanotro-
Isocrates isokrate fosi=obolTa mfarveli
Israel israeli John Tsibus ioane cibus(i)
Israelite israeliti John of Zedazeni=Zedazneli ioane zedazne-
Issa=Adriatic Sea adriatikis zRva li
Istanbul=Constantinople stamboli John-Zosimos ioane-zosime
Isthmia isTmia Joktan Bibl. iektan
Isria=Hisria istria Jonash=Jonas=Ion iona
Iuno=Juno iunona Jonathan ionaTan
Iuppiter=Jupiter iupiteri Jordan Bibl. iordane
Ivrit ivriti Jorgan Tepe iorgan Tepe
Izmir izmiri Joseph(us) Bibl. ioseb(i)
J Josephus Flavius ioseb flaviusi
Jabal Bibl. iobal/iobel Jotham Bib. ioTam
Jabusite Bib. iebosleli Jovian ioviane
Jacob Bibl. iakob Juansher=Djuansher juanSer(i)
Jaffa iafa Judah=Jude Bibl. iuda
Jahva iahve Judea=Judaea Bibl. iudea
James Bibl. iakob zebedesi Jüdish idiSi
Janus ianusi Judith Bibl. ivdiTi
Japhet Bibl. iafeti Jegudah ieguda
Jared Bibl. iared Julia iulia
Jason=Iason iason(i) Julian iulian
Javan Bibl. avan Julian the Apostate iulian apostate=gan-
Jean Charden Jan Sardeni dgomili
Jehoiachim Bibl. iosia/ioahim Julianos=Julianus ivliane/iuliane
Jehoram Bibl. ioram(i) Julio iulius (klavdiusTa dinastia)
Jehoshaphat Bibl. iosafat Julius Martialis iulius marciali
Jeran Bibl. ieran Julius Nepos iulius nepo
Jeremia(h) Bibl. ieremia Julius Paelignus iulius pelin/peligne
Jerico Bibl. ieriqoni Jun(na)=Iuno iunona
Jerusalem ierusalimi Juppiter=Iuppiter iupiteri
Jesse Bibl. iese Justine iustine
Jesus=Joshua Bibl. ieso Justinian(us) iustiniane
Jesus of Nazareth Bibl. ieso nazareveli Juvenal iuvenal(i)
Jew(ish) ebraeli/ebrauli K
Joachim Bibl. ioakime Kafar-Szold kafar-zoldi
Job=Jove=Jovis Bibl. iob(i) Kallen Hisar yalen/kalen hisar(i)
Jobab Bibl. iobab Kandagar yandaRari
Joel Bibl. ioil(i) Kanesh qaneS/kaneS
John the Baptist=Christener Bibl. ioane Karahisar yarahisar(i)
naTlismcemeli Karakoram=Karakorume yarayorum(i)
John Cassian ion kasiani KarataşSemayük yaratas/karatas semaiuk
Karatepe yaraTefe

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Karaz Kazisi qraz qazisi Licinianus liciniane

Karkamiš=KargamišCarchemish qarqemiSi Lehabin Bibl. lavimeilni
Kartli=Caucasian Iberian Kingdom qarTlis Leila Bibl. leila
samefo Lemnos lemnos
Kashmir qaSmiri Leo(n) leo(n)
Kaška(ia) qasqebi/qaSqebi Lesbos lesbos(i)
Kazanlik yazanliyi Lisinius licinius(i)
Kerch(strait) qerCi(s) (srute) Leto leto
Kfar Monash qfar monaS Leucothea levkoTea
Khart(o)um xarTumi Levant(ine) aRmosavleTi,aRmosavleli/aR
Khirokitia xiroxitia/xiroqitia mosavluri
Khorasan=Khurasan xorasan(i) Levcadia levkadia
Kimmeria kimiria Libius Severus libius severus(i)
Kimmerikon kimerikon(i) Liborne liborne
Kimmerioi kimirielebi Libya libia
Kish kiSi Liguria(n) liguria,ligurieli/liguri-
Kittim Bibl. kitelni/kitelebi uli
Kleophrades kleofrade Likurgos likurge
Klisthenes klisTene Livi Bibl. livi
Kommos komos(i) Lixus liqsus(i)
Konya konia Longinoz longinoz
Kolchos kolxosi Lorenzo Vala lorenco vala
Kom-Esh-Shukafa kom-eS-Sukafa Lot Bibl. loT(i)
Komnene komnene Louis lui
Komnenos komneni/komnenosi Lucian Bibl lukiane
Krete=Creta=Crete kreta Licifer luciferi
Kronos kronos(i) Lucilla lusila/lucila
Kultepe=Kül Tepe qiulTefe Lucius lucius
Kum Tepe qum Tefe Lucius Cornelius Cinna lucius korneli-
Kumra kumra/qumra us cina
Kushan kuSan(i) Lucius Septimus Severus lucius septi-
Kursunly Tepe kursunlukurSunlu Tefe mus severus
Kusura kusura Lucius Verus lucius verus
Kutaia=Cutaisi quTaia/quTaisi Lucretius Fronto likrecius fronto
L Lucullus L. Licinius lukulus l. lici-
Laban Bibl. laban/lavan nius
Lacerna laqerna Lud Bibl. ludda
Lachish laqiS/laqiS Ludim Bibl. ludimielni
Lconia(n) lakonia,lakonieli/lako- Like Bibl. luka
niuri Lukianus of Samosateus lukiane samosa-
Lagidai=Ptolomaioi ptolomeebi teli
Lamachus lamaq/lamax(us) Lutetia lutecia
Lambert Archangelo arqanjelo lamberti Lydia(n) lidia,lidieli/lidiuri
Lamech lameq Lysandros lisandre
Langobardi langobardi Lycimachus lisimaqe
Laocoön laokooni Lysippides lisifide
Laodikea laodikea Lysippus lisipe
La Tene laten(i) Lysistratus lisistrate
Lazarus Bibl . lazare M
Lazi lazi Macedonia(n) makedonia,makedoneli/make-
Leah Bibl. lia donuri
Macestus macesta

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Machares maxare Mattew=Mattias Bibl. maTe

Macheline maxlon(i) Matthan Bibl. mataTe
Machiavelli makiaveli Mathuselah=Methusael Bibl. maTusala
Macrinius makrinius(i) Maurikis mavrikios(i)
Macrone(s) macron(eb)i Mauritania(n) mavritania,mavritaneli/mav-
Madai Bibl. madim ritanuli
Magna Graecia magna grecia=didi saber- Mausolus mavzolus(i)
ZneTi Maxentius maqsentius(i)
Magnetius magnecius(i) Maximian maqsiminus
Magog(see Gog) Bibl. magog(i) Maximus maqsimus
Mahalaleel Bibl. malaleil Mecca meqa
Majoran maioran Medea medea
Malassas malase Medina medina
Malta malta Megara megara
Maltese malteli/malturi Megiddo megido
Manasseh Bibl. manase Mehujael Bibl. malael(i)
Mandrocles mandrokle Melania melania
Marathon maraToni Melesias melesia
Mark(us) mark(us) Melissos of Samos meliso samoseli
Mark(us) Aurelius mark(us) avrelius(i) Melos melos
Marcellinus marcelin(us)i Melpomene melpomene-tragediis muza
Marcellus marcelus Memnon memnon(i)
Marcian marcian(e) Memphis memfisi
Marcius marcius Menades menadebi
Marcomann(i)(ic) markoman(eb)i/markoma- Menander menandre
nuli Menandros Protictor menandre protiqto-
Mare Nostrum=Mediterranean Sea xmelTa- ri
Sua zRva Menelaos menelae/menelaos
Mari mari Meoti(s) meot(eb)i
Maria(m)=Mary Bibl. mariam(i) Mercury merkuri
Maria Magdaline Bibl. mariam magdaline- Meribanes meribanes
li Mersin mersin(i)
Mariamlik mariamlik(i) Meshech Bibl. mesoq
Marius marius Mesoporamia mesopotamia/SuamdinareTi
Mark Bibl. markoz(i) Messalla mesala
Mark Antony=Markus Antonius=Antonius Mar- Messana mesana
cus mark antoniusi Messiah mesia
Markus Claudius Marcellus markus klavdi- Metapontum metapont(i) (qalaqi samx.
us marcelus italiaSi)
Markus Lucius markus lucius(i) Mezara mezara
Markus Opellius Macrianus markus opeli- Micah Bibl. miqei
us makrianus Michael Bibl. miqael(i)
Markus Tullius Cicero markus tulius ci- Michael Attaliates miqael ataliate
cero(ni) Michael Psellos miqael fselos(i)
Markus Verus markus verus Midas midas(i)
Markus Vespasianus Agrippa markus vespa- Milesian mileTeli/mileTuri
siane agripa Miletos=Miletus mileTi
Mars marsi Mindel mindel(i)
Martha Bibl. marTa Minerva minerva
Martialis marsisadmi miZRvnili Minoan minoseli/minosuri
Martianus marcianus Minoan-Mycenae minosur-mikenuri
Mash Bibl. mosox Minos minos(i)

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Miocene mioceni Neoptolemus neoptolome

Mirmekii mirmekia Neo-Pythagorean neopiTagorianeli
Misimiani misimiani Neo-Pythagoreanism neo-piTagorianizmi
Mithras miTra Neptune neptuni
Mithridates miTridate Nero Julius Caesar neron iulius keisari
Mithridates Eupator miTridate evpatori Nerseh=Nerses nerse
Mithridates of Pergamum miTridate perga- Nerva nerva
meli Nestor(ian)(s) nestor(ianel)(eb)i
Mizraim Bibl. mesarim/mesaraim Nestorius nestor(ius)
Mocherisis moxirisi Nica(ea) council nikeas kreba
Moirai moirebi Nicander nikandro
Mommsen momzeni Nicator Seleucus nikator selevki
Morocco(see morocco) maroko Nicaea=Nice nikea
Moschos mosqi Nice nike
Moschus mosxi Nikephorion nikeforion(i)
Moses Bibl. mose Nicetae Choniatae nikita xoniati
Mosses Chorenaci mose xoreneli/xore- Nicholas nikoloz
naci Nicolaus of Damascus nikoloz dama-
Mossynoeci mosiniki skeli
Mosul mosuli Nicomachus nikomaqe
Mount Athos aTonis mTa Nicomedes nikomede
Muse(s) muza/muzebi Nicomedia nikomedia
Museion muzeioni(muzebis taZari) Nicopolis nikopolis(i)
Mycenae mikeni Nicosia niqozia
Mycenian mikeneli/mikenuri Nikandre nikandre/nikandro
Myrmekion mirmekion(i) Nikephores nikifore
Mytiline mitiline Nikofsis nikofsia=tuafse
N Nile nilosi
Naamah Bibl. noema Nimes nime
Nabatae nabaTia Nimrod Bibl. nebaroT
Nabopolassar nabopolasar(i) Nimrud nimrudi
Naharya naharia Nimrud Dagh nimrud daRi
Nahor Bibl. naqor Nineveh ninevi(a)
Nahshon Bibl. naxSon Niobe Bibl. nibe
NakhiChevan naxWevani Niobid niobidi
Naphtalim Bibl. nafTalem Nisa nisa
Naphtuhim Bibl. nefTalimilni Noah Bibl. noe
Naples neapoli Nod Bibl. naid
Narcissus narcissi Numerian numerian(e)
Nathaniel Bibl. naTaniel(i) Numerianus numerianus
Naxos naqsosi Nuymidia numidia
Nazarene Bibl. nazareveli Nymphaeion=Nymphaeum=Nymphaion nim-
Nazareth Bibl. nazareTi feion(i)
Nea Paphos nea pafos O
Nemea nemea Obadia obedi(a)
Nemesis nemezida Obal Bibl. gebar
Neocaesarea neokesaria Obed Bibl iobed
Neo-Hittite axali xeTuri Obodas obod
Neo-Platonicus neo-platonikosi Octavia(n)(us) oqtania(ne)
Neo-Platonism neo-platonizmi OCtavius oqtavius
Neo-Platonitas neo-platoniZzmi Odysey odisea

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Odysseus odisevsi Parmenides of Elea parmenide eleeli

Oedipus oidiposi Parmenion parmenion(i)
Oeneus eneos(i) Parnassus parnasi
Olbia olbia Paros parosi
Olga Bibl. olRa Parthenon=Parthenos parTenoni
Olybrius olibrius Parthenes parTeni
Olimpeium olimpeiumi(iupitr olimpi- Parthia parTia
pielis taZari) Pasargadae fasargadeni
Olympia olimpia Pasiphae pasife
Olimpus olimpi (mTa) Pathrusim Bibl. patrusimelni
Omanide omanidi Patrocles patrokle
Omphale omfale Paul Bibl. pavle
Onomasticon onomastikoni Paulikianoi pavlikianoba
Ophir Bibl. ufir Pavia pavia
Ops opa (mosavlisa da nayofirebis Pelagia Bibl. pelagia
qalRmerTi) Pelazgian pelazgi
Oracle=oracle orakuli Peleg Bibl. faleg/falek
Orchomenos orqomene Peleponnes(us) peloponesi
Orentius orencius(i) Pegasus pegasi
Orestae=Orestes oreste Peneleos peneleos(i)
Orient(al) aRmosavleTi/aRmosavluri Penelope penelope
Orion=Urion orioni Pepytrin pepitrini
Orodes orode Perez Bibl. farez(i)
Orontes md.oronti=el-as(i) Pergamum pergamos(i)
Orpheus orfevsi/orfeosi Pericle(s) perikle
Orphic orfikuli Peroz peroz
Orphism orfizmi Persaeus persevsi
Osiris osirisi Persennius Niger persenius niger(i)
Ostracism ostrkizmi Persepolis persepolis(i)
Otho oTo=oto Perses perse
Ovid ovidiusi Persia(n) sparseTi,sparsely/sparsuli
Oxyrchynchus oqsirinxos Pertinax pertine(qs)
P Peter Bibl. petre
Pachomus Bibl. paxom Peter the Iberian petre iberi
Pahlavi fehlevi Petra petra=cixisZiri
Palaeostom paliastomi Petronius petronius(i)
Palestina=Palestine palestina Petronius Maximus petronius maqsimus
Palestinian palestineli/palestinuri Petronius Secundus petronius sekundus
Palmyra palmira Peutinger pevtinger
Pamphylia pamfilia Phanagoria(n) fanagoria,fanagoreli/fa-
Panathenea panaTenea nagoruli
Pandore pandore Phraates fraat(i)
Panhellenic panelinuri Pharisee(s) Bibl. farisevel(n)i
Panhellenism panelinizmi Pharnabazid farnavazianTa/farnavaziani
Panhellenistic panelinisturi Pharnabazus the Great farnavaz didi
Pannonia panonia Pharsmanes farsman(i)
Panopolis panopolisi Phasian faziseli/fazisuri
Panticapeium pantikapeoni Phasis=Phacici fazisi/fasisi
Paphlagonia paflagonia P(h)ersephone persefone
Paphos pafos Phidias fidias(i)
Paris paris Philadelphus filadelfos(i)
Philestinian(s)=Philisim=Philistine filisti-

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mel(n)i=palestineli Polidorus polidore

Philip(us) Bibl. filipe Poyeuctus polievqte
Philip(us) the Arab filipe arabi Polymnia polimnia-sahimno poeziis muza
Philippeion filipeon(i) Polymnestus polimneste
Philippopolis filipopolis(i) Pompei the Great=Pompeius Magnus=Gnaeus
Philocrates filokrate Pompeius pompeus didi
Filoctete filoqtete Pompeia pompeia (qali)
Philoktistes filoqtiste Pompeii pompei (kaci)
Philon filon(i) Pompeja=Pompeji=Pompei pompei (qalaqi)
Philostratus filostrate Pompeius=Pompei pompeus(i)
Philoxenus filoqsene Pompeius Sextus pompeus seqstus/meore
Phoenicia(n) finikia,finikieli/finiki- Pompeius Strabo pompeus strabo
uri Pompeius Trogus pompeus trogus
Phoenix feniqsi Pompeopolis pompeopolisi
Phokaia fokia Pompona pompona
Phokas foka Pomponius Mela pomponius mela
Phraataces fraati Pontos=Pontus ponto (saxelmwifo)
Phud Bibl. fud(i) Pontus=Polemniacus=Euxinus Pontus Savi
Phrygia frigia zRva
Phyllis filida Pontus Polemniacus ponto(s) polemniaki
Piazza Armenia piacaAarmenia Porphyrios porfirios(i)
Pilate Pontius Bibl. pilate ponteli Porphyry porfile
Pillars of Hercules herkulesis svetebi Poseidon poseidoni
Pinarius pinarius(i) Poseidonius poseidonius
Pindar pindare Postumus postumos
Pirusabad firuzabadi Praeneste preneste
Pisa pizza Praxicles of Naxos praqsikle naqsoseli
Pisistratus fizistrate/fisistrate Praxipanes praqsifane
Pityuntis=Pityus pitiunti/pitiusi Praxitiles praqsitile
Pius pius(i) Praxitiles Cnida praqsitile knideli
Plaetorius Celer N. Marcius pletorius ce- Priscillian prisciliane
ler n. marcius Priscus priskus (saalyo manqanis gamom-
Plato(n)(ism) platon(izmi) gonebeli)
Plini the Elder(see Gaius) plinius ufrosi Prixeus=Prixus friqse
Plini the Minor(see Gaius) plinius umcro- Probus probus(i)
si Prochor proxor(i)
Plotines plotini Proclus prokle
Plutarch(os) plutarqe Procopius prokofi
Plutarchos Lukulus plutarqe lukulusi Procrustes prokruste
Pluton pluton(i) Prokopios Kaesareinsis prokofi kesarieli
Polatli folaTli Prometheus promeTe=amirani
Polemo polemo Propontis propontis=pontisken=marmari-
Polemon polemon los zRva
Polemon of Athens polemon aTeneli Proserpina prozerpina
Polemon of Laodicea polemon levkadieli Protagoras protagora
Polemonium polemonium(i) Pryge=Phrygius frigieli/frigiuli
Polluxus poluqsos Prygia frigia
Polux polux(i) Pseudo-Xenophon fsevdo qsenofonti
Polybios polibios(i) Psyche fsiqe(a)
Policarp polikarpe Ptolemaioi=Legadai ptolomeebi
Polycleitus=Poyclitus poliklite Ptolemaios ptolemaios(i)
Polycrates polikrate Ptolemais ptolemais(i)

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Ptolemies ptolome Roma=Rome romi

Ptolemi=Ptolemaios ptoleme/ptolome Romulus romulus
Publicius publicius(i) Romulus Augustulus romulus avgustulus
Publicius Agripa publicius agripa Roxana Bibl. roqsana
Publius publius Rubicon rubikon(i)
Puglia apuliis Rufinus rufinus
Punic Wars punikuri omebi Rufus rufus
Pylades pilade Rusticus rustika
Pyrenees pirene(eb)i Ruth Bibl. ruT(i)
Pyrros piros(i) S
Pythagoras piTagora Sabtah Bibl. savaTa
Pythodores piTodore Sabtecha Bibl. savakaTa
Pithodorus piTodoros Saducee(s) Bibl. sadukevel(n)i
Q Salah Bibl. sala
Quatrochento kvatroCento Salah-ad Din saladini
Quintianus kvintiane Salax Bibl. salaÁ
Quintilian(us) kvintiliane Salmon Bibl. salmon
Quintillus kvintilus Salome salome(a)
Quintus kvintus Salonica saloniki
Quintus Tullius Cicero kvintus tulius ci- Saltire wm. andrias jvari
cero(ni) Samaria samaria
Quirinal Hill kvirinalis mTa Samian samoseli/samosuri
Quizil kizili Samos samosi (kunZuli)
R Samosata samosata
Raamach=Raemah BBBibl. raRmai/reRmai Samothrace samotrakia
Rachel Bibl. raxil(i) Samson Bibl. samson(i)
Radamist radamist(i) Samuel Bibl. samuel(i)
Ram=Aram aram(i) Sancta Sophia wminda sofia
Ramah Bibl. ramah Sanhedrin sinedrioni
Ramses ramzes/ramses Sapharides safaridebi
Ras-Shamra ras-Samra Sappo of Lesbos safo lesboseli
Rebecca=Rebekah Bibl. rebeka Saracen sarkinozi
Regium regium Sara(h)=Sarai Bibl. sara
Remedelo remedelo Sarapanis=Shorapani Sorapani
Remus remus/remi Sardanapalus sardanapali
Rehab Bibl. reqab Sardes sardes(i)
Rehoboam Bibl. robuam Sardis sardi
Rehoboth Bibl. romoT Sardinia sardinia
Renaissance renesansi Sardour sarduri
Resen Bibl. dase Sargon sargoni
Reu Bibl. regav Sarmatian sarmati
Reuben Bibl. ruben Sassanian=Sassanid sasanidi
Revelation Bibl. gamoxcadeba (ioane) Satan satana
Rhea rea Saturn saturni
Rheims reimsi Saturnalia saturnaliebi
Rhemi remi Satyr satiri
Rhode rodos(i) Satyricon satirikoni
Rhodium=Rhodius rodoseli/rodosuli Saul Bibl. saul
Rhodopolis rodopolisi=varcixe Saulaces savlak(i)
Riphat Bibl. rifaT Saurmag saurmag(i)
Riß Germ. ris(i)/risuli Sauromaces savromaki

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Scanda skanda Socrates sokrate

Sceparnas sqefarna Sodom(ian) sodomi,sodomeli/sodomuri
Scipio scipion Sogdiana sogdiana
Scipio Asiagenus scipion azieli Soli soli
Scribonia skribonia Solomon Bibl. solomon(i)
Scribonianus skriboniane Solon solon(i)
Scribonius skribonius(i) Solutre(an) solutre(uli)
Scythia(n) skviTia,skviTi/skviTuri Sophar Bibl. sofisad (mTa)
Seba Bibl. saba Sophilus sofilus
Sebasteion sebasteioni Sophio Bibl. sofio
Sebastopolis sebastopolisi,cxumi=sixumi Sophocles sofokle
Seleuceia selevkia Sophron sofron(i)
Seleucid selevkidi Sostratus of Aegean sostrate egeoseli
Seleucus selevki Sosus of Pergamum sosus pergameli
Seljuk(ian) seljuki,seljukuri Spartac(us) spartak(i)
Semiramis semiramida/Samuramiti Spartokidai spartakidebi
Semit(ic)(ism) semit(ur)(izm)i Sphinx sfinqsi
Seneca Licius Annaeus seneka lucius ene- Split split(i)
os Stabia stabia
Septimus septimus States of the Church papis olqi
Serapeitis serafita Stephanos from Bizantium stefane bizanti-
Serug Bibl. seruq eli
Servius Tullius servius tulius Stephanus stefanozi
Sesklo sesklo Stephen stefane
Sesostris sesostris Stesichorus stesiqore
Seth Bibl. srT/siT(i) Stoicism stoicizmi
Seusamora sevsamora/wiwamuri Strabo strabon(i)
Severianos severiane Strato strato
Severus=Sevran severus Stratophilus stratofile
Severus Alexander aleqsandre severos Stygian stiqsi
Shah Abas Sah abas Stylite mesvete
Sapur Sapur(i) Subartu subartu
Shealteil Bibl. salaTiel Sueb(i) Svab(eb)i
Sheba Bibl. savan/savar Suetonius svetonius(i)
Sheleph Bibl. salef Sulla sula
Shem Bibl. sem(i) Sumer Sumeri
Shinar Bibl. senaris Susa suza/suzi
Shiraz Sirazi Susan(na)(h) Bibl. susana
Sibil=Sybil Bibl. sibila Susiana suziana
sicilia=Sicillia=Sicily sicilia Symeon Logothetes simon logoTeli
Siderun siderun Symeon Metaphrastes simon metafrasti
Sidon sidon(i) Syracuse sirakuzi
Simon Bibl. simon(i) Syria(n) siria,sirieli/siriuli
Sinai Mount sinas mTa T
Sinaite sineli (vinme) Tabitha Bibl. tabiT
Sinite Bibl. asineveli Tabriz Tavrizi
Sinope(an) sinopi,sinopeli/sinopuri Tacitus tacit(us)(i)
Siphonos sifoni(kikladebis kunZ.) Tacitus Markus Claudius tacitus markus
Sirenes sirenebi(s) klavdius
Skleros skliarosi Tacitus Publius Cornelius tacitus publi-
Skylax skilaqs us kornelius(i)
Smyrna=Zmirna smirna Takht-e-Belki taxt-e-belk(i)

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Takht-e-suleiman taxt-e-suleiman Theodosius Teodosi

Tamar Bibl. Tamar Theodoros=Theodorus Teodore
Tamerlan Temur lang/leng(i),lang Te- Theophanes Teofane
mur Thephanes Bisantios Teofane bizantieli
Tanagra tanagra Theophanes Chronographi Teofane qrono-
Tanais tanais grafi=JamTaaRmwereli
Tantalos tantalos Theophanes Homologetes Teopane homolo-
Tarah Bibl. Tarsa geti
Thalia Talia-komediis qalRmerTi Theophanes of Mytiline Teofane mitiline
Trquinii=Tarquinius tarkvini(us)(i) Theophobius Teofobius
Tarshish Bibl. TarSiS/TarSis Thephilus Teofile
Tarsus tarsu Thephrastes Teofraste
Taurida Tavrida Thephratus Teofrate
Turus=Toros Mountains tavris mTebi Theos Teos
Taxila taqsila Thera Tera
Taxile taqsile Thergi=Terek Tergi
Tegea Tegea Thermi Termi
Tehran=Teheran Teirani Thermopylae Termopile
Tell Ajjul Tel ajul(i) Theron Teron
Tell Aviv Tel aviv(i) Thessalonika Tesalonika
Tell Deir’Alla Tel deir’ala Thessalia=Thessaly Tesalia
Tell-el-Amarna Tel-el-amarna Thepiae Tespia
Tell el-Hush Tel el-huS Theseus Tezevsi
Tell Harmal Tel harmal Thisbe Tisbe
Tell Hassuna Tel hasuna Thomas (Doubting) urwmuno Toma
Tell Mor Tel mor Thomas' Week Tomas kvira=7 dRe
Tell Rimah Tel rima Thomas' Sunday kviracxovloba=
Tell Sifr Tel sifr kvira dRe
Tell Ta’annek Tel Ta’aneq Thomas Magistros Toma magistrosi
Tell Taya Tel Taia Thucydides Tukidide
Temenus Temenos Tiber tibri (mdinare)
Tepe Gaura/Gawra Tefe gavra Tiberianus tiberiane
Terah Bibl. Tara Tiberius tiberius(i)
Terentius terenti Tiberius Claudius Nero tiberius klavdius
Teresa Bibl. terezia neron(i)
Terpsichore terfsoqore-cekvis muza Tiberius Julius Alexander tiberius iulius
Tertia tercia aleqsandre
Tertulian tertuliane Tibur tibur(i)
Teseyon Teseioni Tigranes tigran(i)
Teuton tevtoni Tigranocerta tigranokerti
Thales Tales(i) Tigrapate tigrafate
Thalia Talia-komediis muza Tigris tigrosi
Thasos=Thasus Tasos Timagoras the Epicurean timagora epikuri-
Thebes Tebe li
Themis Temida Timarchides timarqide
Themistagora Temistagora Timarkhos timarxos
Themistios=Themistius Temistios Timesthius timesTios(i)
Themisto Temisto Timon timon(i)
Themistocle Temistokle Timostheneas timosTene
Theoclit=Theocrit(us) teoklite Timistratus timistrate
Theodora Teodora Timothy Bibl. timoTe
Theodore Bibl. Tevdore Tiras Bibl. Tiras

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Tiridates Tiridate V
Titius ticius Valarshapat valarSapat(i)
Titus Flavius Macrianus titus flavius Valentinian valentiniane
makrianus Valerian(us) valeriane
Tograma ToRrama Valerius Flaccus valerius flakus
Torah Tora Valerius Maximianus valerius maqsimianus
Toros=Taurus tavris mTa Van vanis tba
Toquatus Tasso torkvato taso Vandal vandali (adamiani)
Trabzon=Trapesus Gr./Lat. trapizoni Varahran varahran
Trackeia=Tracea Trakia Vardanes vardan(i)
Trajani=Traiani traiane Varsken varsqen(i)
Trpesitos trapizonis(a) Vatican vatikani
Trasimene trasimene Venetia venecia
Trasymachus trasimaqe Venus venera
Trebonius trebonius(i) Venus de Milo venera miloseli
Tribonian(us) triboniane Verginius virginius
Tribonian(us) Gallus triboniane gali Verona verona
Triclinius triklinius(i) Verus Lucius verus lucius
Trier trieri Vespasian vespasiane
Tripoli tripoli Vessyvius vezuvi
Tristan tristan(i) Via Appia via apia
Troy troa Victor viqtor(i)
Tryphon trifon(i) Vienna=Vienne vena
Tubal Bibl. Tubal (adamianis saxeli) Villa Adriana adrianes vila
Tubal(s) Tubal(eb)i (xalxi) Vincent bikenti
Tullia tulia Vinicianus viniciane
Tullius tulius Vipsanius vifsanius
Tunisia tunisi Virgil(ius) virgilius(i)
Tyche tixe Vitellius vitelius
Tiche of Antioch tixe antioqiis/antioqeli Vitruvius vitruvius(i)
Tiche Fortuna tixe-fortuna Volacius volacius(i)
Tyndaris tindare Vologases vologas(e)
Typhon tifon(i) Volcan vulkani
Tyre tire X
Tzates waTe Xantippe qsantife
U Xenocrates qsenokrate
Ugarit ugariTi Xenophanes qsenofane
Ulpia ulpia Xenophon qsenofon(i)
Umbria(n) umbria,umbrieli/umbriuli Xenophon of Athens qsenofon aTeneli
Ur uri Xerxe qserqse
Urania urania-astronomiis muza Y
Urartian urarteli/urartuli Yazdagird iazdagird
Urartu urartu Yemen iemeni
Uriah (i)uria
Z
Urion=Orion orioni Zabulon Bibl. zabulon/zebulon
Urmia urmia Zachariah zaqaria
Uruk uruk(i) Zodok Bibl. saduk
Utica utika Zagros zagros(i)
Uz uz(i) Zaboim Bibl. sevboma
Uzal Bibl. Razil Zamarite Bibl. samareelni
Uzzia Bobl. ozia Zeno(n) zeno(n)

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Zenob(ia) Bibl. zenobia v=verb zmna

Zenon of Eleates zenon eleeli Welsh uelsuri
Zenonof Kitieus zenon kitoneli P
Zerah Bibl. zara Punctuatoin marks
Zerubbabel Bibl. zorobabeli
Zeus zevsi [ ] brackets
Zevakh zevax : colon
Zillah Bibl. sela - dash
Zion Bibl. sioni ! exclamation mark
Zmyrna=Smyrna smirna ( ) parenthesis=round brackets
Zoe Bibl. zoia ; semicolon
Zosimos=Zosimus Bibl. zosime … series of periods
Znodotos of Ephesius zenon efeseli . full stop
" " quotation
Abbreviations used in the
Roman figures
Dictionary
V=5, X=10, L=50, C=100, D=500, M=1000
adj=adjective zedsarTavi saxeli
adv=adverb zmnizeda Abbreviations used in scholarly
Arab=Arabian arabuli literature
conj=conjunction kavSiri
Fr=French franguli ac=account angariSi(teqsti)
ger=gerund gerundi AD=Anno Domini qristeSobidan=ax. w.
Germ=German germanuli AH=Anno Hegirae hijra/hijriT 622 w.
Gr=Greek berZnuli a la lettre (fr) pirdapir=sityva-sity-
Ital=Italian italiuri viT
Jew=Jewish ebrauli a.m.= ante meridiem (laT) Ramis 12-dan
Lat=Latin laTinuri dRis 12-mde
n=noun arsebiTi saxeli * asterisk varskvlavi teqstSi
BC=Before Christ qristeSobamde=Zv. w.
no pl=no plural ar ixmareba mravlo- c/ca=circa TiTqmis/daaxloebiT
biT ricxvSi cent(c/cc)=century saukune
no sing=no singular ar ixmareba mxolo- cf=compare Sdr=Seadare
biT ricxvSi ch=chap=chapter Tavi wignSi/naSromSi
num=numeral ricxviTi saxeli
cis… amier/gadmoRma(ix.leq-
Pers.=Persian sparsuli sikonSi)
pl=plural mravlobiTi ricxvi dept=department ganyofileba
pl only=plural only ixmareba mxolod Dr=Doctor doqtori(samecn.xaris-
mravlobiT ricxvSi xi,eqimi)
pl usu=plural usually Cveulebriv mravlo- eg=for example magaliTad
biT ricxvSi ed=editor/edited by redaqtori/redaqtire-
pref=prefix TavsarTi=prefiqsi buli vinmes mier
prep=preposition Tandebuli et al=et alii (fr) ...da sxvebi(avtorebi
Scot=Scottish Sotlandiuri etc=et cetera a.S.= ase Semdeg
sing=singular mxolobiTi fig=figure diagrama,suraTi,naxazi
sing. only=singular only ixmareba mxolod Heb=Hebrew ebrauli/ebraeli
mxolobiT ricxvSi
ib=ibidem/idem iqve/igive avtoris
sb=somebody vinme
ie=ia est=that is to say (laT) e.i.=eseigi
sth=something rame
KT=knight raindi
suf=suffix bolosarTi=sufiqsi
NT=New Testament axali aRTqma
usu=usually Cveulebrivi
op.cit xsenebuli naSromi

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OT=Old Testament Zveli aRTqma vs=versus sapirispirod/winaaRmdeg

par=paragraph abzaci,paragrafi ramisa
p.c.=percent procenti via… gavliT/gzad saidanme sadme (ix.
p.m.=post meridiem Lat. dRis 12-dan leqsikonSi)
Ramis 12-mde viz=videlicet=namely kerZod; sxva sityve-
per se TavisTvis/calke biT rom vTqvaT...
S=St=Saint wminda(ni) vol=volume tomi=wigni
see ix=ixile v v=vice versa Lat. …da piriqiT...
sic iwereba im sityvis Semdeg, romelic Xmas=Christmas Soba (dResaswauli)
sadmeidan gadmowereT da iciT, rom 26/9/13

299