NMAT: Physics

1. Since no one is explaining why they choose C, here goes.

This question is testing your understanding of relationships. The possible answers, direct
and inversely proportional simply mean that the variables change at some set ratio together
for direct, or in opposite directions for inverse.
So, the man's walking distance and time is given. List them out, then convert them to the
same time, 1 hour.
1 km in 20 minutes. -> 3km/hr
3 km in 1 hr. -> 3 km/hr
6 km in 2 hr. -> 3 km/hr
9 km in 3 hr. -> 3 km/hr

Since his rate is the same, this indicates his distance is directly proportional to the time. If
he slowed as he walked longer we would say it's inversely proportional. There's no
indication of the square of time being used, so therefore, we arrive at C for the answer.

2. the period of an orbit is given by this formula

T = 2*pi * sq rt {a*3 / G(M1 +M2)}

In the case of a Satellite, the mass of the satellite (M2) is negligible compared to the mass
of the planet (M1) so it can be ignored.

Thus the things that affect the period (T) are :

a = semi major axis of the orbit
G = gravitational constant
and
M1 = mass of the planet

That is option D
3.
4. For two freely falling objects in a vacuum, accelerated only by gravitation, the
accelerations are the same. So answer C is correct as well as D. In fact, in order for D
to be correct, it follows that C must also be correct, since velocity (D) is the integral of
acceleration (C) with respect to time, and the velocities are equal at each point along
the path.

5. The string makes an angle such that the horizontal component of the string tension
balances the 5.8 pound force and the vertical component balances the 10 pound weight of
the object:

T*cosΘ = 5.8
T*sinΘ= 10
sinΘ/cosΘ = tanΘ = 10/5.8

Θ = arctan(10/5.8) = 59.9°
6. The ideal mechanical advantage = 5 m / 1 m = 5
The actual mechanical advantage = 240 N / 60 N = 4
Efficiency = 4/5 = 80 %
7. Let R be the reaction at A. Then the reaction at B is 2R. Let AC = x.
Resolving forces vertically: R + 2R = 4000 + 2000, giving R = 2000N.
Moments about A: 4000x + 2000(x + 1) = 2R x 5 = 20000.
6000x + 2000 = 20000
6000x = 18000
x = 3m.
8. A.) When it reaches the highest point, the kinetic energy has been wholly changed to
potential energy

TRUE: We started with some total energy TE = KE + PE + QE, but PE and QE = 0 when
the body is first tossed. There is no other (e.g., friction) and PE = mgh = mg0 = 0 because
the height h = 0 when first tossed. Then at max height h = H, KE = 0 because by definition
(by definition) max height happens when Vy = 0, vertical speed reaches zero. Learn the
definition. Without speed there is no KE. But TE is still TE from the COE law. So now we
have TE = KE + PE + QE = PE because KE and QE are both zero. And, ta da, all that KE in
the beginning has been converted into PE. QED.

B.) As it falls, its potential energy is again transformed to kinetic energy

TRUE: Same argument as in A, but in reverse. The TE = PE at max height h = H. But as the
body starts to fall back down it accelerates and picks up speed and, consequently, KE. But
as TE = ke + pe + qe is the same TE throughout, as ke --> KE the potential energy pe --> 0
to keep the total energy at a fixed value. We still assume qe = 0, no other energy.

C.) The potential energy is maximum at the highest point of its flight

TRUE: We proved this in A.

D.) The kinetic energy is minimum at the lowest point of its flight

FALSE: We proved this in B, KE reaches its max as PE dwindles to zero.

9. Velocity * area of cross section is a constant. There are 4 branches of the same area.
Therefore, total area is 4 times. The velocity will be 1/4*5= 1.25. If there artery also one of
the branches then the flow rate after ward will be 1 mm/s.
Or
Flow is kept constant ...therefore :
5*50 = 250*V
V = 5.0*50/250 = 1.00 mm/sec
10.
11. Q= m*c*(T2-T1) = m*c*deltaT = 10g*0,5 cal*10 K = 50 K*g*cal

-> B
12.
13. 100 - 20 = 80 degrees temperature change.
80 degrees x 1 cal/degree-gram x 200 grams = 16,000 calories.
14. We shall first calculate the amount of heat energy needed to raise the temperature of
the water to its boiling point using the formula Q= mcΔθ, where m is the mass of the water,
c is the specific heat capacity of water(4.18J/g/⁰C) and Δθ is the change in temperature.

The density of water is 1g/cm^3 and 1L= 1000cm^3.

Therefore, the mass of 1L of water= 1000g

Q= (1000)(4.18)(100-20)
= 3.344x10^5J

Power,P
= Rate of change of energy
= Energy change,Q/time,t
t= Q/P
= (3.344x10^5)/1200
= 278.6 seconds
= 279 seconds
15. For an ideal gas:
PV = nRT
V = nRT/P
let T = 4T
let P = P/2
then xV = 4nrt/(P/2) = 8nRT/P
x=8
The answer appears to be B.
16. vacuum principle, the initial temperature loss outside creates a vacuum inside, the water
boils due to the vacuum not the temperature
17.
18. Specific heat capacity of I gram of water= 1 calorie/gram degree celsius
Mass of water = 10g
for 1 g, 1 calorie is needed for the water to be raised by 1 degree celsius
for 10 g, 10 cal. is needed for the water to be raised by 1 degree celsius
the water is at 10 C
It has to be heated till it attains 50 C
therefore, it has to be raised up by 40 C to attain 50C (50C-10C)
therefore amount of heat needed in cal. = (40*10) cal.
= 400 cal
19.
20.
21. (B) Specific heat capacity of the cube.

We can use calorimetry rules (heat gained by one substance = heat lost by another) to find
out specifc heat capacity of cube.

From the specific heat capacity of the cube, we we can get information on thermal
conductivity too(Q = mcΔT, Q=thermal conductivity, m=mass, c=specific heat, ΔT=change
in temperature)

Density is not possible as we don't have volume (density=mass/volume), for specific latent
heat, information is incomplete or not given.
22.
23. P=U*I
I=1200W/100V = 10.9A Answer yung 1200/110
24. Capacitance is defined as the charge stored per volt. So

C = q / V = 0.002 / 50 = 0.00004 = 40 μF
25.
26. I=5A
U=240V
P=?
P=U*I=240*5=1200W=1.2KW
27. Electroplating results in a better quality product by applying a relatively moderate current for a longer
time.

28. Emf induced

= Rate of change of magnetic flux
= (Change in flux through 50 turns) / Time
= (50 * 0.5) / (0.20)
= 125 V sabi wrong daw yung 120 pero di ko alam haha
29.
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32.
33.
34.
35. This is the common 'hinged mirrors' problem. The mirrors will make as many images as
is needed to complete a 360 degree circle, including the original object. If the angle
between the mirrors is a multiple of 360, you get a integer count for the number of images.
Note that one of those reflected images is at the location of the original image itself.

360 divided by the angle between the mirrors gives the number of images, plus one. At 60
degrees, for example, 360/60 = 6, so you should see five images of the object.

At 45 degrees, 360/45 = 8, out of which one image is at the position of the actual boy
himself; subtracting one for that we get 7 as the answer.
36. The answer is, "The spectrum produced will be broader.” the interference of the waves
don't meet until they are further apart so the spectrum is broader
37. First, find the image distance.
1/f = 1/di + 1/do (sub in f and do)

Magnification = -di/do
then use the mag. you just found in
Magnification = hi/ho
Your hi will be negative - this shows that it is inverted.
38.