Web Report

Terminology

“Authoring – In computing, the process of composing, web page, or a multimedia application

(presentation) with text, sound, still and video pictures, and animation. Authoring also includes
creating navigating and other tools that allow interaction between the user and the application.
Authoring is when you use lots of different assets and use them together to create a piece of
multimedia work. An authoring system is a program that has pre-programmed elements for the
development of interactive multimedia software titles. Authoring systems can be defined as
software that allows its user to create multimedia applications for manipulating multimedia objects.
An authoring system usually includes and authoring language, a programming language built with
functionality for representing the tutoring system. The functionality for representing the tutoring
system. The functionality offered by the authoring language may be programming functionally for
use by programmers or domain representation functionality for use by subject experts. There is
overlap between authoring languages with domain representation functionality and domain specific
languages.

The way that a user edits in Dreamweaver is either from the backbone (The code) or from a visual
format. The user can input pictures, text or any other sort of file into the project, but to properly edit
it to a high standard making it shine must be done using code. The code is known as “HTML”
(Hypertext mark-up language) which is a language used by all websites on the internet making
conversion of information easier and smoother as it is skipping any other sort of translation process.
Dreamweaver is the most common form of website coding and works as a great software for basic
beginners and intermediate users as the functions on it are to such a great standard making the
production of a website easier and more aesthetically appealing.

Sites - The term “site” is used to define a local/remote location where documents on a website are
stored allowing users to find them in a quicker without a middle process. These pages are used as a
link to different parts of the websites that in other cases, may be difficult to find.

A website is essentially just a collection of a load of different pages creating a big database which
holds a large variety of data in different locations due to their category. Sites can also be referred to
as pages and on Dreamweaver, they are separated almost as different documents. They are however
stored under the same file and when the code is looked at in a whole, they are together.

Sites can be altered from the code in the back by stating and selecting what data needs to go where.
A user could delete all the code for a website and the data will go with it due to it not having a
backbone to rely on so it would fall apart or just look very bad and messy. The site is also used in a
way to make connecting a client to the correct page a quicker process allowing them to get where
they want to go faster making a better service available to the client.

Uploading - In the context of the Web, to upload something means to send data from an individual
user's computer to another computer, network, Web site, mobile device, or some other remotely
connected networked location. Uploading onto the project on Dreamweaver is very like importing
onto a video editing software. Just by selecting a piece of data and dragging onto the open
document. But, the data would have to be supported with the correct coding putting it in the right
place and allowing it to be the correct resolution and quality.
File transfer protocol - The File Transfer Protocol (FTP) is the standard network protocol used for the
transfer of computer files between a client and server on a computer network. FTP is built on a
client-server model architecture and uses separate control and data connections between the client
and the server. FTP users may authenticate themselves with a clear-text sign-in protocol, normally in
the form of a username and password, but can connect anonymously if the server is configured to
allow it. For secure transmission that protects the username and password, and encrypts the
content, FTP is often secured with SSL/TLS (FTPS). SSH File Transfer Protocol (SFTP) is sometimes also
used instead; it is technologically different.

Web Page

Web page construction – Web design encompasses many different skills and disciplines in the
production and maintenance of websites. The different areas of web design include web graphic
design; interface design; authoring, including standardised code and proprietary software; user
experience design; and search engine optimization. Often many individuals will work in teams
covering different aspects of the design process, although some designers will cover them all. The
term web design is normally used to describe the design process relating to the front-end (client
side) design of a website including writing mark up. Web design partially overlaps web engineering in
the broader scope of web development. Web designers are expected to have an awareness of
usability and if their role involves creating mark-up then they are also expected to be up to date with
web accessibility guidelines.

Text - In HTML form, the text from a website always needs to be deeply imbedded into code
allowing it to be shown. The code has a lot of different parts in it making it to be shown in exactly
the correct place to a very precise accuracy. Web browsers see that you want text and they display
it. Web browsers don't pay any attention to how many blank lines you put in your text; they only pay
attention to the HTML tags. In the following HTML code, you see several lines of text and even a
blank line, but the browser only recognizes paragraphs surrounded by the <p> and </p> tags (or
paragraph tags). The <p> tag tells the browser to add a blank line before displaying any text that
follows it

<!DOCTYPE html

PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN"

"http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-

transitional.dtd">

<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"

xml:lang="en" lang="en">

<head>

<title>My XHTML Page</title>

</head>

<body>

<p>This is my first XHTML page.</p>

</body>

</html>

Fonts - In CSS, there are mainly three types of families for using fonts. They are: Serif, Sans – Serif
and mono space. There are differences between them making them able to be edited by a very big
amount and allowing third party users to create their own and using them.

Colour - Web pages usually include information such as the colours of text and backgrounds and
very often contain links to images and sometimes other types of media to be included in the final
view. Layout, typographic and colour-scheme information is provided by Cascading Style Sheet (CSS)
instructions, which can either be embedded in the HTML or can be provided by a separate file, which
is referenced from within the HTML. The latter case is especially relevant where one lengthy
stylesheet is relevant to a whole website: due to the way HTTP works, the browser will only
download it once from the web server and use the cached copy for the whole site. Images are stored
on the web server as separate files, but again HTTP allows for the fact that once a web page is
downloaded to a browser, it is quite likely that related files such as images and stylesheets will be
requested as it is processed. An HTTP 1.1 web server will maintain a connection with the browser
until all related resources have been requested and provided. Web browsers usually render images
along with the text and other material on the displayed web page.

<h1 style="color:Tomato;">Hello World</h1>

<p style="color:DodgerBlue;">Lorem ipsum...</p>
<p style="color:MediumSeaGreen;">Ut wisi enim...</p>

Images – Images are imported onto websites through drag and drop but then it needs a large
amount of code to make it just how the user would like it. Many images can be put together
allowing them to be show as a gallery. This code looks like this:

<html>
<head>
<style>
div.gallery {
margin: 5px;
border: 1px solid #ccc;
float: left;
width: 180px;
}

div.gallery:hover {
border: 1px solid #777;
}

div.gallery img {
width: 100%;
height: auto;
}

div.desc {
 padding: 15px;
text-align: center;

Table – Tables can be inputted into an open project on Dreamweaver through right clicking and
selecting the “add new table option”. Then, the user will need to code where they want it, how
many boxes they want in it, how big and where it should be.

This is the code for the height and width of the table. When changing this, however big the table is,
the boxes will be divided evenly between them making them all look even and professional:

table {
width: 100%;
}

th {
height: 50px;
}

This code makes the table have a hovering effect bringing a special aesthetic to the site:
tr:hover {background-color: #f5f5f5;}

This bit of code allows users to create a border around the table:
table, th, td {
border: 1px solid black;
}

Then, this code is used to change the color of the table, which can also be done using either
the color names or the Hexadecimal/RBG numbering system.:
th {
background-color: #4CAF50;
color: white;
}

Hyperlinks – Hyperlinks are used in websites to go to different HTML sites. But, they are not as
simple to create as they are to click on. The creator must write in code as following to allow a URL to
be shown on a website and for it to take the user to the intended websites. In the creation of
websites, hyperlinks are one of the most useful tools because you can put links from one page to
another, this means that the user can flow freely through the website.

/* visited link */
a:visited {
color: green;

/* mouse over link */

a:hover {
color: hotpink;
}
/* selected link */
a:active {
color: blue;
}

Language and terminology – In websites and web creation, there are many different abbreviated
terms used with longer meanings like PHP, CMS and SEO.

PHP - “Hypertext Pre-processor” is known as the interaction part of a website allowing users to click
on something and to be taken to different parts of the site.

CMS - “Content Management System” is used to edit, delete or manage the content of the website
from a visual stand point allowing the user to get constant update on how the site will look.

Metadata - Metadata is data that describes other data. Meta summarizes the parts in data that the
user may want to know such as its file type or how big it may be. The user can input data that the
feel the piece of data neds on it to be recognized later speeding up the time it will take for the user
to find it.

<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="description" content="Free Web tutorials">
<meta name="keywords" content="HTML,CSS,XML,JavaScript">
<meta name="author" content="John Doe">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
</head>

CSS - CSS is “Cascading Style Sheets” is the whole overall appearance in a website but is separated
from other HTML parts of the site so that the text does not get applied to another site by accident. It
is known that a style sheet only needs to be applied once to be duplicated onto other websites
which is why the language is known as cascading. Some site developers separate all elements used in
the HTML but this can slow the website down and make the process more complicated when being
used for mobile devices.

SEO - “Search engine optimiser” This can be used to make the website appear when certain words
are typed into google or Bing etc. They are also known as key words.

HTML

HTML stands for hypertext mark-up language, XHTML stands for Extendable Hyper Tec Mark-up
Language.

Nature of HTML & XHTML - HTML is the main language used for creating websites and anything else
that can be found on a web browser. However, XHTML is in the same family as XML (Extendable
mark-up language) and is used to mirror the image given by the HTML to extend It to make it easier
to manipulate.

It is even noticeable in the file names that XTML is used to extend file due to how many more names
are needed for it compared to HTML.

Features of HTML & XHTML - XHTML is almost identical to HTML except it is a lot stricter meaning
that everything must be correct and perfect otherwise nothing will work and the programme either
won’t run, or it will crash. It Is mostly used by the more advanced users and can only be used on
computers with a very high capacity of power allowing it to cope with the amount of information as
there are more rules in place when using the XHTML language. On websites such as w3school.com //
CodeAcademy.com, users are taught to code in websites using HTML but XHTML is huge jump from
that. Compared to HTML, XHTML is ten times more complicated and allows no room for error.

HTML is a language used for all websites ever shared on the internet. The reason for this is so they
can all understand echoer on one database without having any data translation to take place which,
in turn, speeds up the process more times than not. But, XHTML is the side of things that extends
what HTML cannot. As shown with the number of files it has, it opens much more possibility for
expansion.

How to use HTML & XHTML - Both HTML and XHTML are used for coding in websites and are very
similar in how they work. But, there is a difference. When writing code with HTML, there is a bit of
wiggle room in a way that if a user forgets to close a ta then it will still run correctly as usual but in
XHTML everything must be correct otherwise the programme will give an error and not run. In the
end, XHTML is better for coding websites with a lot of users as it will rely on the code more and if
there’s error, then it is weaker. So, XHTML is basically the stronger language.

Cascading style sheets

Nature of cascading style sheets - A Cascading Style Sheet (CSS) is a list of statements (also known
as rules) that can assign various rendering properties to HTML elements. Style rules can be specified
for a single element occurrence, multiple elements, an entire document, or even multiple
documents at once. A cascading style sheet CSS, also commonly known as a style sheet, is a
document that is separate from all the website code involving how the site looks and all the
information needed about the overall style of it. Using a CSS is not mandatory and is not a must have
part of the document as some of the content that is started on it can be stored on the HTML but
there are many reasons supporting the use of a CSS. One of the main reasons behind it is that it will
save a lot of time. If a user finishes the website and then decides that they don’t like the font they
must re edit all of the code if they have inputted that data into HTML but if it was recorded on CSS,
then the user would only have to edit that data once opposed to all the times it was used.

Feature of CSS - CSS benefits the user’s ability to access their code by speeding up the time they
must spend finding that code. There are search engines on the style sheets allowing users to just
type in a certain type of code and find it within seconds. If the data was stored on HTML, then the
user would have to spend a long time editing all the code including the time having to find it. This
obviously varies depending on the size of the code and the code in-between.

How to use CSS - An average browser contains HTML and CSS in the documents coded onto the
website. The document is stored in the computer’s memory (RAM) and combines all the information
anyone would need to know about the information on the website but in a written coded format.”