PROTECTION

Generator Protection
M‑3425
Integrated Protection System®
for Generators of All Sizes

Unit shown with optional M‑3925 Target Module and M‑3931 HMI
(Human‑Machine Interface) Module

• Provides all major protective functions for generator protection,

including Field Ground (64F), Out-of-Step (78), and Split-Phase
Differential (50DT)

• Expanded IPScom® Communications Software provides

simple and logical setting and programming

• Enhanced "pick and choose" functionality provides

tailored applications at the lowest possible cost
M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

Standard Protective Functions • Removable printed circuit board and power

• Dual‑zone phase distance protection for phase supply
fault backup (21) • Both 50 and 60 Hz models available
• Overexcitation (V/Hz) protection (24) • Both 1A and 5 A rated CT inputs available
• Phase Undervoltage (27) protection • Additional trip inputs for externally connected
• 100% Stator Ground Fault protection via third devices
harmonic neutral undervoltage (27TN) • IRIG-B time synchronization
• Sensitive dual‑setpoint Reverse Power, Low • Operating Temperature: –20° C to +70° C
Forward Power or Overpower detection, one of
which can be used for sequential tripping (32)
Optional Features
• Dual‑zone, offset‑mho Loss-of-Field protection (40)
• Redundant power supply
• Sensitive Negative Sequence Overcurrent
protection and alarm (46) • M‑3925 Target Module
• Instantaneous Overcurrent (50) protection • M‑3931 Human-Machine Interface (HMI) Module
• Inadvertent Generator Energizing protection • M‑3801D IPSplot® PLUS Oscillograph Analysis
(50/27) Software
• Generator Breaker Failure protection (50BF)
• Definite Time Overcurrent (50DT) can be used
for split phase differential
• Instantaneous Overcurrent (50N) protection
• Neutral Inverse Time Overcurrent (51N)
• Three-phase Inverse Time Overcurrent (51V)
• Phase Overvoltage (59)
• Generator Ground Fault protection (59N)
• VT Fuse‑Loss detection and blocking (60FL)
• Out‑of‑Step protection (78)
• Four‑step Over/Underfrequency (81) protection
• Two-step Rate of Change of Frequency (81R)
• Generator Phase Differential protection (87)
• Ground Differential (87GD) protection
• External Function allows external devices to trip
through M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

Optional Protective Functions

• Stator Thermal protection using positive
sequence inverse time overcurrent (51T)
• Field Ground protection (64F)
Standard Features
• E i g h t p r o gra m m a bl e o u t p u t s a n d s i x
programmable inputs
• Oscillography recording
• Time-stamped target storage for 24 events
• Metering of all measured parameters
• Three communications ports (two RS-232 and
one RS-485)
• M‑3820C IPScom® Communications Software
• Includes MODBUS and BECO 2200 protocols
• Standard 19" rack-mount design

–2–
 M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

STANDARD PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS

Device Setpoint
Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

Phase Distance (dual-zone mho characteristic)

Circle Diameter #1, #2 0.1 to 100.0 Ω 0.1 Ω 0.1 Ω or 5%

(0.5 to 500.0 Ω) (0.5 Ω or 5%)
Offset #1, #2 –100.0 to 100.0 Ω 0.1 Ω 0.1 Ω or 5%
21
(–500.0 to 500.0 Ω) (0.5 Ω or 5%)
Impedance Angle #1, #2 0° to 90° 1° 1°
Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Volts / Hz

Definite Time
Pickup #1, #2 100 to 200% 1% 1%
Time Delay #1, #2 30 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 25 Cycles
24
Inverse Time
Characteristic Curves Inverse Time #1–#4 — —
Pickup 100 to 200% 1% 1%
Time Dial:  Curve #1 1 to 100 1
Time Dial:  Curves #2–#4 0.0 to 9.0 0.1
Reset Rate 1 to 999 Sec. 1 Sec. .02 Sec. or 1%
(from threshold of trip)
The percent pickup is based on nominal VT secondary voltage and nominal system frequency settings. The pickup
accuracy stated is only applicable from 10 to 80 Hz, 0 to 180 V, 100 to 150% V/Hz and a nominal voltage setting of
120 V.

Third-Harmonic Undervoltage, Neutral

27 Pickup #1, #2 0.3 to 20.0 V 0.1 V 0.15 V or 1%

TN Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%
27 Undervoltage Inhibit #1,#2 5 to 180 V 1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%
(positive sequence)
32
Underpower Inhibit #1,#2 0.002 to 3.000 PU 0.001 PU 0.002 or 2%

RMS Undervoltage

27 Pickup #1, #2 5 to 180 V 1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%

0.8 V or 0.75%*
Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 0.5%**
* When both RMS and Line‑Ground to Line‑Line is selected.
** When RMS (total waveform) is selected, timing accuracy is +20 cycles or 1%†.

Directional Power

Pickup #1, #2 –3.000 to +3.000 PU 0.001 PU 0.002 PU or 2%

32
Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle +16 Cycles or 1%
The per-unit pickup is based on nominal VT secondary voltage and nominal CT secondary current settings. The 32
function can be selected as low forward power, reverse power, or overpower function.

†
Select the greater of these accuracy values.      Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.
–3–
M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

STANDARD PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS (cont.)

Device Setpoint
Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

Loss of Field (dual-zone offset-mho characteristic)

Circle Diameter #1, #2 0.1 to 100.0 Ω 0.1 Ω 0.1 Ω or 5%

(0.5 to 500.0 Ω) (0.5 Ω or 5%)
Offset #1, #2 –50.0 to 50.0 Ω 0.1 Ω 0.1 Ω or 5%
(–250.0 to 250.0 Ω) (0.5 Ω or 5%)
40 Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%
Voltage Control 5 to 180 V 1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%
(positive sequence)
Directional Element Fixed at –13° ­— ­—
Voltage control for each zone can be individually enabled.

Negative Sequence Overcurrent

Definite Time
Pickup 3 to 100% 1% 0.5% of 5 A
(0.5% of 1 A)
Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%
Inverse Time
Pickup 3 to 100% 1% 0.5 % of 5 A
(0.5% of 1 A)
46 Time Dial Setting 1 to 95 1 3 Cycles or 3%
(K= I22t)
Definite Maximum
Time to Trip 600 to 65,500 Cycles 1 Cycle 1%
Definite Minimum Time 12 Cycles ­— fixed
Reset Time (Linear) 4 minutes — —
(from threshold of trip)
Pickup is based on the generator nominal current setting.

Breaker Failure

50 Pickup
BF-Ph
Phase Current 0.10 to 10.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 2%
50
(0.02 to 2.00 A) (0.02 A or 2%)
BF 50
BF-N
Neutral Current 0.10 to 10.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 2%
(0.02 to 2.00 A) (0.02 A or 2%)
Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%
50BF can be initiated from designated M‑3425 output contacts or programmable inputs.

Instantaneous Overcurrent

Pickup 0.1 to 240.0 A 0.1 A 0.1 A or 3%

50 (0.1 to 48.0 A) (0.02 A or 3%)
Trip Time Response < 2 Cycles

†
Select the greater of these accuracy values.      Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.
–4–
 M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

STANDARD PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS (cont.)

Device Setpoint
Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

Instantaneous Overcurrent, Neutral

Pickup 0.1 to 240.0 A 0.1 A 0.1 A or 3%

50N (0.1 to 48.0 A) (0.02 A or 3%)
Trip Time Response < 2 Cycles

Definite Time Overcurrent

Pickup Phase A #1, #2 0.20 A to 240.00 A 0.01 0.1 A or 3%

(0.04 A to 48.00 A) (0.02 A or 3%)
50
DT Pickup Phase B #1, #2 (same as above)
Pickup Phase C #1, #2 (same as above)
Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%
When 50DT function is used for split-phase differential protection, 50BF, 87, and 87GD functions are not available.

Inadvertent Energizing

Overcurrent 
50 Pickup 0.5 to 15.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 2%
(0.1 to 3.00 A) (0.02 A or 2%)
50/
27
Undervoltage 
27 Pickup 40 to 130 V 1 V 0.5 V
Pick-up Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%
Drop-out Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Inverse Time Neutral Overcurrent

Pickup 0.25 to 12.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 1%

(0.05 to 2.40 A) (0.02 A or 1%)
51N Characteristic Curve Definite Time/Inverse/Very Inverse/Extremely Inverse/IEC Curves
Time Dial 0.5 to 11.0 0.1 3% or 3 Cycles
0.05 to 1.10 (IEC curves) 0.01

Inverse Time Overcurrent, with Voltage Control or Voltage Restraint

Pickup 0.5 to 12.0 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 1%

(0.10 to 2.40 A) (0.02 A or 1%)
Characteristic Curve Definite Time/Inverse/Very Inverse/Extremely Inverse/IEC Curves
Time Dial 0.5 to 11.0 0.1 3% or 3 Cycles
51V
0.05 to 1.10 (IEC curves) 0.01
Voltage Control (VC) 5 to 180 V 1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%
or
Voltage Restraint (VR) Linear Restraint — —

†
Select the greater of these accuracy values.      Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.
–5–
M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

STANDARD PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS (cont.)

Device Setpoint
Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

RMS Overvoltage

Pickup #1, #2 5 to 180 V 1 V 0.5 V or 0.5%

59
0.8 V to 0.75%*
Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%**
* When both RMS and Line‑Ground to Line‑Line is selected.
** When RMS (total waveform) is selected, timing accuracy is +20 cycles or 1%.

RMS Overvoltage, Neutral

Pickup #1, #2 5.0 to 180.0 V 0.1 V 0.5 V to 0.5%

59N
Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

VT Fuse-Loss Detection

A VT fuse-loss condition is detected by using the positive and negative sequence components
60 of the voltages and currents. VT fuse-loss output can be initiated from internally generated logic
FL or from input contacts.

Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Out of Step (mho characteristic)

Circle Diameter 0.1 to 100.0 Ω 0.1 Ω 0.1 Ω or 5%

(0.5 to 500.0 Ω) (0.5 Ω or 5%)
Offset –100.0 to 100.0 Ω 0.1 Ω 0.1 Ω or 5%
(–500.0 to 500.0 Ω) (0.5 Ω or 5%)

78 Impedance Angle 0° to 90° 1° 1°
Blinder 0.1 to 50.0 Ω 0.1 Ω 0.1 Ω or 5%
(0.5 to 250.0 Ω) (0.5 Ω or 5%)
Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%
Trip on mho Exit Enable/Disable
Pole Slip Counter 1 to 20 1
Pole Slip Reset 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Frequency

81 Pickup #1,#2,#3,#4 50.00 to 67.00 Hz 0.01 Hz 0.02 Hz

40.00 to 57.00 Hz*
Time Delay #1–#4 2 to 65,500 Cycles 1 Cycle 2 Cycles or 1%
The pickup accuracy applies to 60 Hz models at a range of 57 to 63 Hz, and to 50 Hz models at a range of 47 to 53
Hz. Beyond these ranges, the accuracy is 0.1 Hz.
* This range applies to 50 Hz nominal frequency models.

†
Select the greater of these accuracy values.      Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.
–6–
 M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

STANDARD PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS (cont.)

Device Setpoint
Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

Rate of Change of Frequency

Pickup #1, #2 0.10 to 20.00 Hz/Sec. 0.01 Hz/Sec. 0.05 Hz/Sec. or 5%
81R Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 20 Cycles
Negative Sequence
Voltage Inhibit 0 to 99% 1% 0.5%

Phase Differential Current

Pickup 0.20 A to 3.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 5%

(0.04 to 0.60 A) (0.02 A or 5%)
87
Percent Slope 1 to 100% 1% 2%
Time Delay* 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%
* When a time delay of 1 cycle is selected, the response time is less than 1–1/2 cycles.

Ground (zero sequence) Differential

Pickup 0.20 to 10.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A or 5%

(0.04 to 2.00 A) (0.02 A or 5%)
87
GD Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles* 1 Cycle +1 to -2 Cycles or 1%
CT Ratio Correction (RC) 0.10 to 7.99 0.01
* The Time Delay setting should not be less than 2 cycles.
The 87GD function is provided primarily for low-impedance grounded generator applications. This function operates
as a directional differential. If 3I0 or In is extremely small (less than 0.2 secondary Amps), the
directional element is disabled.

External Functions

EXT Two functions are provided for externally connected devices to trip through the relay to
provide additional logic and target information. Any one or more of the input contacts
(IN1–IN6) can be programmed to activate designated output contacts after a selected time delay.

Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%

Nominal Settings

Nominal Voltage 50 to 140 V 1 V —

Nominal Current 0.50 to 6.00 A 0.01 A —
VT Configuration Line-Line/Line-Ground/
Line-Ground to Line-Line*
Seal-In Delay 2 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle 1 Cycle or 1%
* When Line-Ground to Line-Line is selected, the relay internally calculates the line-line voltage from the line-ground
voltages for all voltage-sensitive functions. This Line-Ground to Line-Line selection should only be used for a VT
nominal secondary voltage of 69 V (not 120 V).

†
Select the greater of these accuracy values.      Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.
–7–
M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

OPTIONAL PROTECTIVE FUNCTIONS

Device Setpoint
Number Function Ranges Increment Accuracy†

Inverse Time Positive Sequence Overcurrent (I2t=K), for Stator Thermal Protection
Pickup 0.50 to 15.00 A 0.01 A 0.1 A
(0.10 to 3.00 A) (0.02 A)
51T Time Delay @6X* 0.10 to 10.00 Sec 0.01 Sec 3% or 3 Cycles
Reset Characteristics 4 minutes — 3%
(Linear) (from threshold of trip)
* This time delay setting is at six times the pickup current.

Field Ground Protection

Pickup #1, #2 5 to 100 KΩ 1 KΩ 10% or ±1KΩ

Time Delay #1, #2 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle ( IF2 +1) Sec.
64F
Injection Frequency (IF) 0.10 to 1.00 Hz 0.01 Hz
Brush Lift-Off Detection (measuring control circuit)

64B Pickup 0 to 5000 mV 1 mV

Time Delay 1 to 8160 Cycles 1 Cycle ( IF2 +1) Sec.
When 64F is purchased, an external Coupler Module (M‑3921) is provided for isolation from dc field voltages.
Figure 7, Typical Field Ground Connection Diagram, illustrates a typical connection utilizing the M‑3921 Field
Ground Coupler. Hardware dimensional and mounting information is shown in Figure 8, M‑3921 Field Ground Cou‑
pler Mounting Dimensions.

†
Select the greater of these accuracy values.      Values in parentheses apply to 1 A CT secondary rating.
–8–
 M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

Description
The M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay is suitable for all generator ratings and prime movers. Typical con‑
nection diagrams are illustrated in Figure 2, M‑3425 Typical One-Line Connection Diagram, Figure 3, M‑3425
Typical One-Line Connection Diagram (Configured for Split-Phase Differential), and Figure 4, M‑3425 Typical
Three-Line Connection Diagram.

Configuration Options
The M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay is available with Standard Protective Functions, Optional Protective
Functions, and Optional Features. This provides the user flexibility in selecting a protective system to best suit
the application. The relay may be purchased as a Protection System which includes all Standard Protective
Functions. Additional Optional Protective Functions may be added at the time of purchase at per-function pricing.
The relay may also be purchased as a Base System, with the user selecting any ten (10) Standard Protective
Functions. Additional Standard Functions and/or Premium Protective Functions may be added at the time of
purchase at per-function pricing.
The user can select the Human-Machine Interface (HMI) Module, Target Module, or redundant power supply at
time of purchase for either the Protective System or Base System options.
When the user purchases the Field Ground (64F) Premium Protective Function, an external coupler module
(M‑3921) is provided for isolation from the dc field voltages.

Metering
The relay provides metering of voltages (phase, neutral and sequence quantities), currents (phase, neutral and
sequence quantities), real power, reactive power, power factor and impedance measurements.
Metering accuracies are:
Voltage: 0.5 V or 0.5%, whichever is greater
0.8 V or 0.75%, whichever is greater (when both RMS and Line‑Ground to Line‑Line
are selected)
Current: 5 A rating, 0.1 A or 3%, whichever is greater
1 A rating, 0.02 A or 3%, whichever is greater
Power: 0.01 PU or 2%, whichever is greater
Frequency: 0.02 Hz (from 57 to 63 Hz for 60 Hz models; from 47 to 53 Hz for 50 Hz models)

Oscillographic Recorder
The oscillographic recorder provides comprehensive data recording of all monitored waveforms, storing up to
170 cycles of data. The total record length is user-configurable for 1, 2, 3 or 4 partitions. The sampling rate is 16
times the power system nominal frequency (50 or 60 Hz). The recorder may be triggered either via the desig‑
nated status inputs, trip outputs, or via serial communications. The recorder continuously stores waveform data,
keeping the most recent data in memory. When triggered, the recorder stores pre-trigger data, then continues
to store data in memory for a user-defined, post-trigger delay period.
The records may be analyzed or viewed using Beckwith Electric M‑3801D IPSplot® PLUS Oscillograph Analysis
software or M‑3813 ComVert software, which converts Beckwith Electric oscillographic files to COMTRADE format.

Target Storage
A total of 24 targets can be stored. The information will include the function(s) operated, the functions picked up,
input/output status, time stamp, and phase and neutral currents at the time of trip.

Calculations
Current and Voltage RMS Values:  Uses discrete Fourier transform algorithm on sampled voltage and current
signals to extract fundamental frequency phasors for relay calculations.  RMS phase voltages for the 59 and
27 functions (when total RMS is selected), and the 24 function are obtained using the time domain approach
to obtain accuracy over a wide frequency band. When the RMS option is selected, the magnitude calculation is
accurate over a wide frequency range (10 to 80 Hz). When the DFT option is selected, the magnitude calculation
is accurate near nominal frequency (50 or 60 Hz).

–9–
M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

Power Input Options

Nominal 110/120/230/240 V ac, 50/60 Hz, or nominal 110/125/220/250 V dc. UL/CSA rating 85 V ac to 265 V ac
and from 80 V dc to 288 V dc. Burden 20 VA at 120 V ac/125 V dc. Withstands 300 V ac or 300 V dc for 1 second.
Nominal 24/48 V dc, operating range from 18 V dc to 56 V dc. Burden 20 VA at 24 V dc and 20 VA at 48 V dc.
Withstands 65 V dc for 1 second.An optional redundant power supply is available.

Sensing Inputs
Four Voltage Inputs:  Rated nominal voltage of 60 V ac to 140 V ac at 60 Hz or 50 Hz. Will withstand 240 V
continuous voltage and 360 V for 10 seconds. Source voltages may be line-to-ground or line-to-line connected.
Phase sequence ABC or ACB is selectable. Voltage transformer burden less than 0.2 VA at 120 V ac.
Seven Current Inputs: Rated nominal current (IR) of 5.0 A or 1.0 A at 60 Hz or 50 Hz. Will withstand 2IR
continuous current and 100IR for 1 second. Current transformer burden is less than 0.5 VA at 5 A, or 0.3 VA
at 1 A.

Control/Status Inputs
The control/status inputs, INPUT1 through INPUT6, can be programmed to block any relay functions, to trigger
the oscillographic recorder, or to operate one or more outputs. The control/status inputs should be dry contacts
and are internally connected (wetted) to a 24 V dc power supply. To provide breaker status LED indication on the
front panel, the INPUT1 control/status input must be connected to the 52b breaker status contact. The minimum
current value to initiate/pickup an Input is >25 mA.

Output Contacts
The eight programmable output contacts (six form ‘a’ and two form ‘c’), the power supply alarm output contact
(form ‘b’), and the self-test alarm output contact (form ‘c’) are all rated per IEEE C37.90 (See Tests and Stan‑
dards section for details).
Any of the functions can be individually programmed to activate any one or more of the eight programmable
output contacts.
Target/Status Indicators and Controls
The RELAY OK LED reveals proper cycling of the microcomputer. The BRKR CLOSED LED will turn on when
the breaker is closed (when the 52b contact input is open). The OSC TRIG LED indicates that oscillographic
data has been recorded in the unit's memory. The TARGET LED will turn on when any of the relay functions
operate. Pressing and releasing the TARGET RESET button resets the target LED if the conditions causing the
operation have been removed. Holding the TARGET RESET button displays the present pickup status of the
relay functions. The PS1 and PS2 LEDs will remain on as long as power is applied to the unit and the power
supply is operating properly.

Communication
Communications ports include rear panel RS‑232 and RS-485 ports, a front panel RS-232 port, and a rear-panel
IRIG‑B port. The communications protocol implements serial, byte-oriented, asynchronous communication,
providing the following functions when used with the Windows™-compatible M‑3820C IPScom® Communications
Software package. MODBUS and BECO 2200 protocols are supported providing:
• Interrogation and modification of setpoints
• Time-stamped trip target information for the 24 most recent events
• Real-time metering of all quantities measured
• Downloading of recorded oscillographic data

–10–
 M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

IRIG-B
The M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay can accept either modulated or demodulated IRIG‑B time clock syn‑
chronization signal. The IRIG‑B time synchronization information is used to correct the hour, minutes, seconds,
and milliseconds information.

HMI Module (optional)

Local access to the relay is provided through an optional M-3931 HMI (Human-Machine Interface) Module, allow‑
ing for easy-to-use, menu-driven access to all functions via six buttons and a 2-line by 24 character alphanumeric
LED. Features of the HMI Module include :
• User-definable access codes allow three levels of security
• Interrogation and modification of setpoints
• Time-stamped trip target information for the 24 most recent events
• Real-time metering of all quantities measured

Target Module (optional)

An optional M-3925 Target Module provides 24 target and 8 output LEDs. Appropriate target LEDs will light
when the corresponding function operates. The targets can be reset with the TARGET RESET pushbutton. The
OUTPUT LEDs indicate the status of the programmable output relays.

Tests and Standards

The relay complies with the following type tests and standards:

Voltage Withstand
Dielectric Withstand
IEC 255-5 3,500 V dc for 1 minute applied to each independent circuit to earth
3,500 V dc for 1 minute applied between each independent circuit
1,500 V dc for 1 minute applied to IRIG-B circuit to earth
1,500 V dc for 1 minute applied between IRIG-B to each independent circuit
1,500 V dc for 1 minute applied between RS-485 to each independent circuit

Impulse Voltage
IEC 255-5 5,000 V pk, +/- polarity applied to each independent circuit to earth
5,000 V pk, +/- polarity applied between each independent circuit
1.2 by 50 µs, 500 ohms impedance, three surges at 1 every 5 seconds

Insulation Resistance
IEC 255-5 > 40 Megaohms

Electrical Environment
Electrostatic Discharge Test
IEC 1000-4-2 Class 4 (8 kV)—point contact discharge

Fast Transient Disturbance Test

IEC 1000-4-4 Class 4 (4 kV, 2.5 kHz)

–11–
M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

Surge Withstand Capability

ANSI/IEEE 2,500 V pk-pk oscillatory applied to each independent circuit to earth
C37.90.1 2,500 V pk-pk applied between each independent circuit
5,000 V pk Fast Transient applied to each independent circuit to earth
5,000 V pk Fast Transient applied between each independent circuit

Radiated Susceptibility
ANSI/IEEE 25-1000 Mhz @ 35 V/m (with 64F option, 20 V/m)
C37.90.2

Output Contacts Ratings

IEEE C37.90 30 A make for 0.2 seconds at 250 Vdc resistive
UL 508 8 A carry at 120 Vac, 50/60 Hz
CSA C22.2 No. 14 6 A break at 120 Vac, 50/60 Hz
0.1 A break at 125 Vdc
0.1 A break at 120 Vac
Atmospheric Environment
Temperature
IEC 68-2-1 Cold, –20° C for 96 hours
IEC 68-2-2 Dry Heat, +70° C for 96 hours
IEC 68-2-3 Damp Heat, +40° C @ 93% RH, for 96 hours

Mechanical Environment
Vibration
IEC 255-21-1 Vibration response Class 1, 0.5 g
Vibration endurance Class 1, 1.0 g

Compliance
UL-Listed per 508  –  Industrial Control Equipment
CSA-Certified per C22.2 No. 14-95  –  Industrial Control Equipment

Physical
Size:  19.00" wide x 5.21" high x 10.20" deep (48.3 cm x 13.2 cm x 25.9 cm)
Mounting: The unit is a standard 19", semiflush, three-unit high, rack-mount panel design, conforming to
ANSI/EIA RS-310C and DIN 41494 Part 5 specifications. Vertical or horizontal panel-mount options are available.
Approximate Weight:  17 lbs (7.7 kg)
Approximate Shipping Weight:  25 lbs (11.3 kg)

Recommended Storage Parameters

Temperature: 5° C to 40° C
Humidity: Maximum relative humidity 80% for temperatures up to 31° C, decreasing to 31° C lin‑
early to 50% relative humidity at 40° C.
Environment: Storage area to be free of dust, corrosive gases, flammable materials, dew,
percolating water, rain and solar radiation.
See M-3425 Instruction Book, Appendix E, Layup and Storage for additional information.

–12–
 M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

Patent & Warranty

The M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay is covered by U.S. Patents 5,592,393 and 5,224,011.
The M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay is covered by a five year warranty from date of shipment.

External Connections
M‑3425 external connection points are illustrated in Figure 1, External Connections, on the facing page.

–13–
 6 1 9 0 1 1 8 t h A V E N O .

5 6
1 2 3 4 7 8 10
9

B EC K W IT H E L ECT RIC C O . INC . W A R N IN G ! C O N T A C T W IT H T E R M IN A L S M A Y C A U S E E L E C T R IC S H O C K MODEL: M-3425 FIRMWARE: D-0070

R Danger! Contact avec les terminaux peut causer un choc electrique
C UL US 6 19 0 118 t h AV E NO . F O R C O N T A C T R A T IN G S S E E IN S T R U C T IO N MA NUA L 5 0 Hz 6 0 Hz S E RIA L NO .
LISTED L A RG O , F L 3 3 7 7 3 U.S. PATENT 5,592,393, 5,224,011
NRTL /C
IND.CONT.EQ. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34
83F4 LR 89464

IRIG - B COM 2
RS 2 3 2
- + IN IN IN IN IN IN IN
6 5 4 3 2 1 RT N -

P S 2 P S 1
P/ S S E L F - T EST 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1
1
RS 4 8 5 (5 2b) !
COM 3 F 1 F 2

IN PUT S A L A RM S O UT PUT S

V V V V
FIELD GND A B C N I I I I Ia I c PS 2 PS 1 PS 2 PS 1
VA B VB C VC A A B C N
Ib
! COUPLER F1 F2
++ -- ++ --
3 A M P , 2 5 0 V ( 3 A B )
M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

3 A M P ,2 5 0 V ( 3 A B )
35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 F 3 F 4

RA T E D V O L T A G E RAT E D C URRE NT
1A ,NO M 5 A ,NO M 18 - 5 6 18 - 5 6
64F 6 0 - 14 0 ,5 0 / 6 0 Hz 85 265 85 265

Figure 1  External Connections

F3 F4

–14–
3.
1.
2.

4.

damage.
 NOTES:

maximum.
Torque Requirements:
be rated at 75° C minimum.
operation contacts.

• Terminals 1–34: 12.0 in‑lbs

the power supply is OK.
PUTS terminals may result in damage to the unit.

has performed all self‑tests successfully.

All relays are shown in the de‑energized state.

• Terminals 35–63: 8.0 in‑lbs, minimum, and 9.0 in‑lbs,

solid or stranded copper wire inserted in an AMP #324915
The power supply relay (P/S) is energized when

s  CAUTION: Over torquing may result in terminal

block connections must be made with No. 22–12 AWG
The self‑test relay is energized when the relay
Output contacts #1 through #4 are high speed
s CAUTION: Application of external voltages to the IN‑

(or equivalent) connector and wire insulation used must

To fulfill requirements for UL and CSA listing, terminal
 M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

Utility System
M-3425 Typical This function is available as a
Connection Diagram standard protective function.
52
This function is available as a
optional protective function. Unit

This function provides control for

the function to which it points.

NOTE: Some functions are

mutually exclusive; see
M-3425 Instruction Book for details.

CT
50 50
BFPh DT

52
Gen

VT

81R 81 27 59 24

87 M-3921
+

64F 64B

27

CT
60FL 21 78 32 51V 40 50/27 51T 46 50

M-3425 M-3425

VT
27 CT
87 50 50N 51N
27 GD BFN
59N R
TN
R
32

High‑impedance Grounding with Third Low‑impedance Grounding with

Harmonic 100% Ground Fault Protection Overcurrent Stator Ground Fault Protection

Figure 2  One‑Line Connection Diagram

–15–
M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

Utility System
M-3425 Typical This function is available as a
Connection Diagram standard protective function.
(Configured for Split-Phase Differential) 52
This function is available as a
optional protective function. Unit

This function provides control for

the function to which it points.

NOTE: Some functions are

mutually exclusive; see
Instruction Book for details.

52
Gen
M-3425
VT

81R 81 27 59 24

CT
50
DT

M-3921
+

64F 64B

27

CT
60FL 21 78 32 51V 40 50/27 51T 46 50

M-3425 M-3425

VT
27 CT
50N 51N
27 59N R
TN
R
32

High‑impedance Grounding with Third Low‑impedance Grounding with

Harmonic 100% Ground Fault Protection Overcurrent Stator Ground Fault Protection

Figure 3  Typical One‑Line Connection Diagram (configured for split-phase differential)

–16–
 M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

Three VT Wye-Wye
Three VT Wye-Wye Connection - Alternate
UTILITY SYSTEM Connection
A B C Other A B C A B C
Relays M-3425
50 51
39 39
38 38
48 49
41
OR 41
40 40
46 47
43 43
42 42

M-3425

M-3425
52
Gen
A
B
C
OR
M‑3921 Two VT Open-Delta
Generator Field Ground Connection
Coupler A B C
Module

M-3425
10
39
52b
11 38
A B C A B C A B C
Other 41
Relays M-3425 M-3425
M-3425
40
58 59 59 58 59 58

43

OR 57 56
OR 57 56 42

M-3425
56 57

54 55 55 54 55 54

M-3425
52 53
M-3425

45

44
OR
High Impedance Grounding Low Impedance Grounding

Example of Control / Output Connections

M-3425
DC: 24 V + TRIP
POWER 60 62
48 V SUPPLY
61 63 11 10
OR ‑ 16 15 12 13
DC: 110 V
125 V
220 V
250 V POWER
AC: 110 V 52b 60FL SELF‑TEST
OK 52G
120 V BREAKER OSCILLOGRAPH TRIP FAILURE VT FUSE LOSS
230 V ALARM ALARM STATUS
FAILURE RECORDER ALARM
240 V INITIATE INITIATE

‑
EXTERNAL INPUTS ALARM OUTPUTS CONTROL TRIP OUTPUT
OUTPUTS

Figure 4  M‑3425 Typical Three‑Line Connection Diagram

 NOTE: M‑3425 current terminal polarity marks (•) indicate "entering" current direction when primary current
is "from" the generator. If CT connections differ from those shown, adjust input terminals.

✴
NOTE: Wire to split phase differential CTs for use with 50DT split phase function.

–17–
M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

17.68
[44.91]
17.50
[44.45]
ACTUAL

5.21
5.28
[13.23]
[13.41]
ACTUAL

RECOMMENDED CUTOUT WHEN RELAY IS

NOT USED AS STANDARD RACK MOUNT

17.50
[44.45]

10.20
[25.91]

19.00
[48.26]

18.31 0.35
[46.51] [0.89]

0.40 [1.02] X 0.27

[0.68] Slot (4X)

2.25
[5.72]

1.48
[3.76]

Standard 19" Horizontal Mount Chassis

NOTE: Dimensions in brackets are in centimeters.

Figure 5  Horizontal Mounting Dimensions

 NOTE: Panels for vertical mounting are available. When mounted vertically, the target module will be located
at the top and all front-panel text will be horizontally aligned. Consult Beckwith Electric Co. for details.

–18–
 M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

5.65
[14.40]
6.19 5.59
[14.20] 0.03
[15.7]
Actual [0.076]
2.25 1.97
0.35 [5.72] [5.0] 2.25 1.67
[0.89] [5.72] [4.24]
0.28 [0.71]
Dia. (4X)

TARGETS

19.00
[48.26]

OUTPUTS
OUT 1 OUT 3 OUT 5 OUT 7

18.30
OUT 2 OUT 4 OUT 6 OUT 8

[46.51]
17.5
[44.45]
ACTUAL

17.68
[44.91]
EXIT ENTER

TARGET
RESET

PS 2 PS 1

TARGET DIAG

BRKR OSC.
CLOSED TRIG

RELAY TIME
OK SYNC

COM 1

Recommended cutout when relay is not used as

standard rack mount and is panel cut out mounted.
17.50
[44.45]

10.20
[25.91]

19.00
[48.26]

NOTE: Dimensions in brackets are in centimeters.

Figure 6  Vertical Mounting Dimensions

–19–
M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

M‑3921 Field Ground Coupler

 NOTES:
1. The above circuit measures insulation resistance (Rf) between rotor field winding and ground (64F).
2. Relay injects 15 V squarewave (Vout) and measures return signal (Vf) to calculate Rf.
3. The injection frequency can be set (0.1 to 1.0 Hz) based on the rotor capacitance, in order to improve
accuracy.
4. Analyzing signal rise time can determine if shaft brushes are open (64B).

Function Specification
Field/Exciter Supply Voltage Rating (Terminal (3) to (2)):
• 60 to 1200 V dc, continuous
• 1500 V dc, 1 minute

Operating Temperature: –20° to +70°, Centigrade

Patent & Warranty

The M‑3921 Field Ground Coupler is covered by a five year warranty from date of shipment.

Tests and Standards

M‑3921 Field Ground Coupler complies with the following tests and standards:

Voltage Withstand
Isolation
4 kV ac for 1 minute, all terminals to case

Impulse Voltage
IEC 255–5, 5,000 V pk, 1.2 by 50 ms, 0.5 J, 3 positive and 3 negative impulses at 5 second
part 5 intervals per minute

–20–
 M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

Electrical Interference
Electrostatic Discharge Test
IEC 1000-4-2 Class 4 (8 kV)—point contact discharge

Fast Transient Disturbance Tests

IEC 1000-4-4 Class 4 (4 kV, 2.5 kHz)

Surge Withstand Capability

ANSI/IEEE 2,500 V pk-pk oscillatory applied to each independent circuit to earth
C37.90.1 2,500 V pk-pk applied between each independent circuit
5,000 V pk Fast Transient applied to each independent circuit to earth
5,000 V pk Fast Transient applied between each independent circuit

Radiated Susceptibility
ANSI/IEEE 25-1000 Mhz @ 20 V/m
C37.90.2

Atmospheric Environment
IEC 68–2–1 Cold, –20° C for 96 hours
IEC 68–2–2 Dry Heat, +70° C for 96 hours
IEC 68–2–3 Damp Heat, +40° C @ 93% RH, for 96 hours

Enclosure Protection
NEMA 1, IEC IPC-65

–21–
 PROTECTION RELAY
M-3425

Figure 7  Typical Field Ground Connection Diagram

PROCESSOR
SUPPLY
VOLTAGE
Rear Terminal
Field Ground Block Pin No.
Brushes
Detection

–22–
TB3
Squarewave Vout
Generator 37 TB5 Gen.
Rotor
35 TB4 TB2
Signal COUPLING
Measurement Vf NETWORK Rf.Cf
and Processing (M-3921)
Shaft
M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay

36 TB1 TB1 Ground

Shield Brush
Cable
Ground/Machine Frame
 7.87 [19.99] 2.96 REF [7.52]

3.54 [9.0] M-3921

Field Ground
4.72 [11.99] Coupler

 
 
  

 
 

9.06 [23.01]

–23–
.18 DIA [0.46] 4 X 7.40
[18.79]

.18 DIA [0.46] 4 HOLES

3.54 [9.0]

Figure 8  M‑3921 Field Ground Coupler Mounting Dimensions

MOUNTING PATTERN
WITHOUT TABS

NOTE: Dimensions in brackets are in centimeters.

M‑3425 Generator Protection Relay
© 1998 Beckwith Electric Co. 800‑3425‑SP‑13MC7 08/15
Printed in U.S.A.  (10.16.02)