HOW TO EXPRESS ADVICE:

Advice is expressed mainly by two modal auxiliary verbs: SHOULD and OUGHT.
SHOULD is followed by the bare infinitive: You should study
OUGHT is followed by the to-infinitive: You ought to study.

Both of them function as auxiliaries, that is to say, in order to make negative sentences, we just have to add "not" immediately after
"should" and "ought". In the same way, interrogative sentences are formed by using "should" and "ought" just before the subject.

Neither "ought" nor "should" express time. In fact, it is the infinitive that gives us that information. (See Types of Modal Auxiliary
Verbs).
Let's see some examples:
If I want to express general advice in the present time, I will use the simple infinitive: "You shouldn't drink so much coffee. It is not
good for your health."

However, if the advice refers to an action happening now, we will use the infinitive continuous: " What are you doing in bed? You
should be working!"

If we want to give advice about past actions, we use the infinitive perfect: " You are late. You should have arrived two hours ago."

It is important to bear in mind that "should" can also be used to talk about what is morally or logically correct. It is also used when
we give our opinion. Let's see some examples:
" He's already 68. He should be retired." ( but he is not retired).
"People should drive carefully." (This is my opinion, and, by saying this, I imply that I don't think that people drive carefully).

When we want to ask for advice, we use the interrogative form of "should" ( " Ought" is not normally used in questions.)
"Should I invite Tom to my party?" ( What do you think? What's your opinion/ advice?).

Finally, there are more expressions related to advice:

Another very important way to express advice is by using the conditional sentence type 2 " If I were/ was you, I'd ..." For
example, the sentence
"You should wear a coat" can be paraphrased "If I were you, I'd wear a coat."

The expression "had better" + bare infinitive ( infinitive without "to") is also used with this meaning.Most times, "had" appears in
the contracted form: " 'd better".
It is important to remember that "had" is not a past tense now. Actually, "had better" functions as a unit, with its own meaning, and
in negative sentences, the adverb "not" follows the whole unit:
"You'd better go."
"You'd better not go."

"HAD BETTER" is much stronger than "should", and when we use it we imply that if we do otherwise, there will be consequences:
"You'd better tell me the truth" ( or I'll punish you).

It is important to remember that this expression is not normally used in questions.

Yet another expression related to advice is "would rather", which could be translated as "preferiría". In this case, " would" also
appears in the contracted form: " 'd rather".
This expression can be followed by two structures:
1- + bare infinitive: "I'd rather go".( the subject of the infinitive is "I"). Negative: "I'd rather not go."
2- + CLAUSE with a past tense: "I'd rather you went". ( the subject of "go" is "you"). In this second example, the simple past does
not refer to the past time, but to an action which is considered non-factual.) Negative: "I'd rather you didn't go.