Passive Voice

Uvod

U lekciji koja sledi obradićemo pasiv, kako se gradi i kada se upotrebljava. Pasiv se koristi pri
naglašavanju radnje, kada nije važno ili nije potrebno da se zna ko ili šta je vršilac radnje. U
engleskom jeziku se koristi češće nego u srpskom. Poznavanje glagolskih vremena je bitno
da bi se napravio pravilan oblik pasiva.

Glagoli imaju dva stanja: aktiv ili radno stanje i pasiv ili trpno stanje.

Ako subjekat rečenice vrši radnju, onda je glagol u aktivu.

Primer

Somebody cleans the office every day. – Neko čisti ovu kancelariju svakog dana.

Ako subjekat rečenice trpi radnju, onda je glagol u pasivu.

Primer

The office is cleaned every day. – Ova kancelarija se čisti svakog dana.

Objekat aktivne rečenice (the office) postaje subjekat pasivne rečenice i dolazi na početak
rečenice, a glavni glagol (clean) se stavlja u pasiv (is cleaned).

Pasiv se gradi od odgovarajućeg oblika glagola TO BE i past participlea (prošlog

participa) glavnog glagola.

ACTIVE AND PASSIVE TENSES CHART

Present Simple Tense Present Simple Tense

Passive: am/is/are + past participle

Active: I drink two cups of coffee. Passive: Two cups of coffee are drunk (by
me).

Past Simple Tense Past Simple Tense

Passive: was/were + past participle

Passive: Two cups of coffee were drunk

Active: I drank two cups of coffee. (by me).

Copyright © Link group

Present Continuous Tense Present Continuous Tense
Passive: am/is/are + being + past
participle
Active: Tom is making lunch.

Passive: Lunch is being made by Tom.

Past Continuous Tense Past Continuous Tense

was/were + being + past participle

Active: Sarah was cleaning the Passive: The bathroom was being cleaned
bathroom. by Sarah.

Present Perfect Tense Present Perfect Tense

Passive: have/has been + past
participle

Active: I have made a cake. Passive: A cake has been made (by me).

Past Perfect Tense Past Perfect Tense

Passive: had + been +past participle

Active: Steven had directed that movie. Passive: That movie had been directed by
Steven.

Future with WILL Future with WILL

Passive: will + be + past participle

Active: I will buy a big house. Passive: A big house will be bought (by
me).

Future with GOING TO Future with GOING TO

Passive: am/is/are going to be + past
participle
Active: Maya is going to buy a new car.
Passive: A new car is going to be bought
by Maya.

CAN/CAN’T Passive: Can/can’t + be + past

participle

Active: Mike can ride a bike.

Active: Sarah can’t foretell the future. Passive: A bike can be ridden by Mike.
Passive: The future can’t be foretold by
Sarah.

MAY/MAY NOT Passive: May/may not + be + past

participle

Copyright © Link group

Active: Her boss may give her a new Passive: A new office may be given to her
office. by her boss.

MIGHT/MIGHT NOT Passive: MIGHT/MIGHT NOT + be +

past participle

Active: Tom might pass the exam. Passive: The exam might be passed by
Tom.

SHOULD/SHOULDN'T Passive: SHOULD/SHOULDN'T + be +

past participle

Active: Students should learn irregular Passive: Irregular verbs should be learnt
verbs. by students.

MUST/MUST NOT MUST/MUST NOT + be + past participle

Active: Tourists must give a passport at Passive: A passport must be given at the
the border. border (by tourists).

HAS TO/HAVE TO Passive: HAS TO/HAVE TO + be + past

participle

Active: John has to finish the meeting at Passive: The meeting at 5 has to be
5. finished by John.

Tabela 28.1.

Upotreba

Pasiv se koristi:

Kada ne znamo ko je izvršio radnju.

Primer

The house was built in the 19th century. – Kuća je izgrađena u 19. veku.

Kada izvršilac radnje nije bitan.

Primer

Wine is served during lunch. – Vino se služi tokom ručka.

Ako želimo da označimo izvršioca radnje, koristimo predlog by.

Copyright © Link group

Primer

These cakes were made by my mother. – Ove kolače je napravila moja majka.

Rezime

• U lekciji smo naučili kako se gradi pasiv u engleskom jeziku i kad se upotrebljava. Da
bi se napravio pasiv u engleskom, neophodno je odlično poznavanje svih vremena.
Pasiv se naročito upotrebljava da se naglasi radnja, a ne vršilac radnje. U pasivnim
rečenicama ispred imena vršioca radnje koristi se predlog by.

Napomena za testove napredovanja: Kako biste što bolje usvojili gradivo, uz ovu lekciju
dostupni su testovi za vežbu koji se odnose na gramatiku.

Copyright © Link group