Internal energy: the internal energy is the sum of kinetic energy and potential of molecules so when the

copper is heated the k.e energy of molecules increases so it internal increases.

By the heating it is meant that energy which is supplied to copper to increase its kinetic increase of
molecules.

Q=mc ∆T

c= Q/m∆T

c= 1.2ӽ103/(0.25ӽ20)= 240 J kg-1k-1

When gas is heated the temperature of gas increase and according to kinetic molecular theory k.e
increase of molecules depend up on temperature so its k.e increase so that its internal energy increase.

Pressure remains constant because the as the kinetic energy increases the molecules are moving faster
and occupy more volume.

as the air rifle pellet is moving so it has kinetic energy , when the pellet strikes the block the kinetic of
pellet is decreasing and becoming zero so this energy gained by the molecules of clay block in the form
of internal energy .

as we know that

v=√2𝑔ℎ

v= √2ӽ9.8ӽ0.85= 4.08

the momentum of isolated system before and after collision remains conserved
momentum lost by air pellet = momentum gain by clay block

0.002*140 = 0.056*v

0.002*140/0.056=v

V=4.8 or 5

Vf2=vi2+2as

0= 52+2*a*2.8

-4.4=a

F=ma

F= 0.056*4.4= 0.25N.

S=1/2at2

S=1/2 *(280/12)*122

S= 1680