TITLE VII: CRIMES COMMITTED BY PUBLIC OFFICERS

1. Enumerate the Crimes Committed by Public Officers.

1. Article 204. Knowingly rendering unjust judgment

2. Article 205. Judgment rendered through negligence
3. Article 206. Unjust interlocutory order
4. Article 207. Malicious Delay in the administration of justice
5. Article 208. Prosecution of offenses; negligence & tolerance
6. Article 209. Betrayal of trust by attorney – revelation of secrets
7. Article 210. Direct Bribery
8. Article 211. Indirect bribery
9. Article 211-A. Qualified bribery
10. Article 212. Corruption of public officials
11. Article 213. Frauds against the public treasury and similar offenses.
12. Article 214. Other Frauds
13. Article 215. Prohibited Transactions
14. Article 216. Possession of prohibited interest by a public officer
15. Article 217. Malversation of public funds or property
16. Article 218. Failure of accountable officer to render accounts
17. Article 219. Failure of a responsible public officer to render accounts before leaving the
country
18. Article 220. Illegal use of public funds or property
19. Article 221. Failure to make delivery of public funds or property
20. Article 223. Conniving with or consenting to evasion
21. Article 224. Evasion through negligence
22. Article 225. Escape of prisoner under the custody of a person not a public officer
23. Article 226. Removal, concealment, or destruction of documents
24. Article 227. Officer breaking seal
25. Article 228. Opening of closed documents
26. Article 229. Revelation of secrets by an officer
27. Article 230. Public officer revealing secrets of private individual
28. Article 231. Open disobedience
29. Article 232. Disobedience to order of superior officer, when said order was suspended
by inferior officer
30. Article 233. Refusal of assistance
31. Article 234. Refusal to discharge elective office
32. Article 235. Maltreatment of prisoners
33. Article 236. Anticipation of duties of a public office
34. Article 237. Prolonging the performance of duties and Powers
35. Article 238. Abandonment of office or position
36. Article 239. Usurpation of legislative powers
37. Article 240. Usurpation of executive functions
38. Article 241. Usurpation of judicial functions
 39. Article 242. Disobeying request for disqualification
40. Article 243. Orders or requests by executive officers to any judicial authority
41. Article 244. Unlawful appointments
42. Article 245. Abuses against chastity

2. Enumerate the Act punished as corrupt practices of public officers in the context of Sec. 3 of R.A.
3019:

(a) Persuading, inducing or influencing another public officer to perform an act constituting a violation
of rules and regulations duly promulgated by competent authority or an offense in connection with the
official duties of the latter, or allowing himself to be persuaded, induced, or influenced to commit such
violation or offense.

(b) Directly or indirectly requesting or receiving any gift, present, share, percentage, or benefit, for
himself or for any other person, in connection with any contract or transaction between the
Government and any other part, wherein the public officer in his official capacity has to intervene under
the law.

(c) Directly or indirectly requesting or receiving any gift, present or other pecuniary or material benefit,
for himself or for another, from any person for whom the public officer, in any manner or capacity, has
secured or obtained, or will secure or obtain, any Government permit or license, in consideration for the
help given or to be given, without prejudice to Section thirteen of this Act.

(d) Accepting or having any member of his family accept employment in a private enterprise which has
pending official business with him during the pendency thereof or within one year after its termination.

(e) Causing any undue injury to any party, including the Government, or giving any private party any
unwarranted benefits, advantage or preference in the discharge of his official administrative or judicial
functions through manifest partiality, evident bad faith or gross inexcusable negligence. This provision
shall apply to officers and employees of offices or government corporations charged with the grant of
licenses or permits or other concessions.

(f) Neglecting or refusing, after due demand or request, without sufficient justification, to act within a
reasonable time on any matter pending before him for the purpose of obtaining, directly or indirectly,
from any person interested in the matter some pecuniary or material benefit or advantage, or for the
purpose of favoring his own interest or giving undue advantage in favor of or discriminating against any
other interested party.

(g) Entering, on behalf of the Government, into any contract or transaction manifestly and grossly
disadvantageous to the same, whether or not the public officer profited or will profit thereby.

(h) Director or indirectly having financing or pecuniary interest in any business, contract or transaction in
connection with which he intervenes or takes part in his official capacity, or in which he is prohibited by
the Constitution or by any law from having any interest.
(i) Directly or indirectly becoming interested, for personal gain, or having a material interest in any
transaction or act requiring the approval of a board, panel or group of which he is a member, and which
exercises discretion in such approval, even if he votes against the same or does not participate in the
action of the board, committee, panel or group.

Interest for personal gain shall be presumed against those public officers responsible for the approval of
manifestly unlawful, inequitable, or irregular transaction or acts by the board, panel or group to which
they belong.

(j) Knowingly approving or granting any license, permit, privilege or benefit in favor of any person not
qualified for or not legally entitled to such license, permit, privilege or advantage, or of a mere
representative or dummy of one who is not so qualified or entitled.

(k) Divulging valuable information of a confidential character, acquired by his office or by him on
account of his official position to unauthorized persons, or releasing such information in advance of its
authorized release date.

3. Acts considered as Betrayal of trust by an Attorney or Solicitor.

1. Causing damage to his client, either:

a. By any malicious breach of professional duty;

b. By inexcusable negligence or ignorance.

Note: When the attorney acts with malicious abuse of his employment or inexcusable negligence or
ignorance, there must be damage to his client.

2. Revealing any of the secrets of his client learned by him in his professional capacity;

Note: Damage is not necessary

3. Undertaking the defense of the opposing party in the same case, without the consent of his first
client, after having undertaken the defense of said first client of after having received confidential
information from said client.

Note: If the client consents to the attorney’s taking the defense of the other party, there is no crime.