THEORY OF MACHINES

1. Theory of machines deals with the relationship of motions and geometry of parts of machines
and mechanisms.
2. Understanding starts with kinematics in which we analyze the motions of machines parts.
3. This provide the foundation for designing machines and mechanisms.
4. Then we study kinetics in which time varying forces and resulting dynamic phenomena and this
must be considered in designing of machines and mechanisms.
5. The topics in TOM are fundamentals for broader subject of machine design.
6. In tom first we explore the methods for synthesis of mechanisms and then we investigate the
techniques for analysis of mechanisms.
7. Kinematics-Study of motion but remember without regard to forces.
8. Kinetics – Study of motion but remember with regard the effect of forces.
9. For designing dynamical mechanical systems both are equally compulsory.
10. These two methods are physically related to each other.
11. F=ma – Newton law- If we fine the forces then acceleration is necessary- To fine the acceleration
kinematic study is compulsory.
12. Why Kinematics is necessary in design?
Because it is the foundation of mechanical design and for any successful mechanical design the
early decisions involving the kinematics principle are crucial.
13. What is the difference between machine and mechanisms?????
Mechanism--- Devise which transform motion to some desirable pattern
Transmits very little power and develops very low forces due to motion of parts.
Machine---- Devise provide significant forces and transmits significant power
Mechanisms Machines
Umbrella, Camera shutter, folding chair, Food blender, automobile transmission,
sharpener, analog clock, adjustable lamp robot
The difference between mechanism and machines is because of degree (forces levels) not kind.
14. For low velocity mechanisms (kinematics devises) only kinematics analysis is necessary.
15. For high velocity mechanism and machines first kinematics analysis is done and then kinetics
study is done in which statics and dynamic forces due to those accelerations are studied.
16.