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Adler-32
AES
base64
The whole Name of MD algorithm is messagedigest algorithm, it is
encode
a algorithm family which contains MD2 MD4 and MD5 algorithm
decoder
BLAKE2 The MD algorithm family is invented by Ronald Rivest
Blowfish copy or type the Input string in the textbox below
CityHash
crc(including
crc32)
Damm md2
algorithm
FNV calculate
hash(Fowler–
Share 0 Tw eet Share

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Noll–Vo
hash)
GOST
MD5
Grøstl
hex
MD algorithm
encoder
The whole Name of MD algorithm is messagedigest algorithm, it is
decoder
a algorithm family which contains MD2 MD4 and MD5 algorithm
html
encoder The MD algorithm family is invented by Ronald Rivest

decoder
Luhn
MD2
algorithm The MD2 Message-Digest Algorithm is optimized for 8 bit
calculations, although as of 2014, it is still used in public key
MD5
infrastructures to generate certificates
MurmurHash3
Pearson In 2009, security updates disabled MD2 in OpenSSL, GnuTLS, and
hashing Network Security Services.

Poly1305- MD4
AES The MD4 Message Digest Algorithm is developed in 1990. The
RC2 digest length is 128 bits.
RC4
MD4 is used to compute NTLM password-derived key on Microsoft
RIPEMD-
Windows XP, Vista and 7
160
MD5
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SHA- The MD5 message digest algorithm is a used as a cryptographic

1,SHA- hash function MD5 hash algorithm produce a 128-bit hash value,
typically expressed in as a 32 digit hexadecimal number.
2,SHA-3
SipHash MD5 was designed in 1991 to replace an earlier hash function,MD4.
Skein
As of 2015 the security of MD2 ,MD4 ,MD5 are all severely
SpookyHash compromised.
Streebog
url encoder MD5 hash generator
decoder
Verhoeff
The MD hashes
algorithm The whole Name of MD hash algorithm is message digest
algorithm, it is a algorithm family which contains MD2, MD4, md5
xxHash
hash algorithm. The MD algorithm family is invented by Ronald
Rivest. In the following text , I will talk about each of these MD hash.
you can use my md5 hash generator to generate md5 hash.

The MD2 hash

The whole name of MD2 Algorithm is Message-Digest2
Algorithm,The MD2 hash Algorithm is a cryptographic hash
function invented by Ronald Rivest in 1989. During that time , the
main stream computers on the world market is 8 bit length
computers , so Ronald Rivest optimized the MD2 Algorithm for 8-
bit computers.

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The md2 algorithm has a long history of application, not only md2
is used in security application in 1990s ,it is also used in the public
key infrastructures as some of certificates generated with MD2 and
RSA. Although md2 is no longer consider secure many years ago.
you can use my md5 hash generator to generate md2 hash.

The mechanism of MD2

The md2 hash function generate a 128-bit length hash value. The
hash value is generated by padding the input bits to a multiple of
the block length (128 bits or 16 bytes) and adding a 16-byte
checksum to the result.

For example ,suppose we have a 48 byte auxiliary block and a 256-

byte S-table generated indirectly from the digits of the fractional
part of pi are used.

The md2 algorithm runs through a loop where it permutes each

byte in the auxiliary block 18 times for every 16 input bytes
processed.Once all of the blocks of the (lengthened) message have
been calculated, the first partial block of the auxiliary block becomes
the final hash value of the message. you can use my md5 hash
generator to generate md2 hash.

MD2 hash example

The actual md2 hash function example:

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MD2("The firefighters is quite brave") =

f387a368cae822c740aacc7f40d3ef81

you can use my md5 hash generator to generate md2 hash.

The attacks against md2 hash

algorithm
Since the existence of MD2 algorithm , no public attack publications
has been released . The first attack publication was made In 1997 ,
when there is a collisions of MD2's compression function.

The first meaningful attack against MD2 is in 2004, MD2 was shown
to be vulnerable to a preimage attack with time complexity
equivalent to 2104 applications of the compression function.

my md5 hash generator is the best md5 checksum generator.In

2008 , the preimage attack against MD2 is improved with time
complexity of 273 compression function.In 2009 , the md2
algorithm was shown to be vulnerable to a collision attack with time
complexity of 263.3 compression function evaluations and memory
requirements of 252 hash values.

Due to these successful attacks ,MD2 is dropping from various of

applications, such as openSSL.

The MD4 algorithm

The whole name of MD4 is message digest 4 algorithm.

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The md 4 algorithm is invented by Ronald Rivest in 1990. The md4

algorithm is a cryptographic hash function . The result hash of MD4
hash algorithm is a 128 bit length digest. The classical designed of
md4 has influenced many famous hash algorithm design ,such as
MD5 hash , sha1 hash, Sha2 hash and etc. you can use my md5
hash generator to generate md4 hash.

The application of MD4 algorithm

The md4 algorithm is used fair widely since it inception, besides
used in various of security applications , it is also used in many user
applications. Such as :

Edonkey and emule, Edonkey and emule were very popular P2P
network sharing applications, in these applications, the md4 is used
as the ed2k URI scheme to provide a unique identifier for a file in
P2P network.

In Microsoft Windows NT, XP, Vista, 7, 8, and 10 , the MD4 hash is

used to compute out the NTLM password-derived key digests. you
can use my md5 hash generator to generate md4 hash.

The md4 function example:

MD4("the firefighter is very brave")=
008ff848325f3d7beb42ee5914255c8e

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No matter the length of the input bits, the md4 hash function
always output a 128 bit length hash result, in our example ,the 128
bit result is represented as a 32 bytes string.

you can use my md5 hash generator to generate md4 hash.

The attacks against Md4 algorithm

In 1991 , MD4 weakness was first published in a security paper.

The first full collision attack against MD4 was published in 1995,
since then more and more public attack was made, these attack is
very efficient ,for example in 2007 , an attack can generate collisions
in less than 2 MD4 hash operations, which make the md4 algorithm
useless.

my md5 hash generator is the best md5 checksum generator.

In 2011 , the md4 algorithm is officially announced absolute .Next

we will talk about the popular md5 hash algorithm .

The MD5 hash algorithm

The md5 hash algorithm is designed by Ronald Rivest to be the
successor of MD4 hash algotithm in 1991 . The source code of
MD5 hash algorithm was in RFC 1321 contains a "by attribution"
RSA license.you can use my md5 hash generator to generate md5
hash.

MD5 hash algorithm details

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The input of The md5 hash algorithm is a variable length bits of

data, and the output of md5 hash algorithm is a fix-length of 128
bit string. my md5 hash generator is the best md5 checksum
generator.

When MD5 hash algorithm got the input bits of data , it broke up
the input bits into chunks of 512-bit blocks,and the input bits is
also padded, so that its length is divisible by 512. The padding
works as follows: first a single bit, 1, is appended to the end of the
message. This action is followed by as many zeros as are required
to bring the length of the message up to 64 bits fewer than a
multiple of 512. The remaining bits are filled up with 64 bits
representing the length of the original message, modulo 264.my
md5 hash generator is the best md5 checksum generator.

The main MD5 hash algorithm operates on a 128-bit state, divided

into four 32-bit words, denoted A, B, C, and D. These are initialized
to certain fixed constants. The main algorithm then uses each 512-
bit message block in turn to modify the state. The processing of a
message block consists of four similar stages, termed rounds; each
round is composed of 16 similar operations based on a non-linear
function F, modular addition, and left rotation. Figure 1 illustrates
one operation within a round. There are four possible functions; a
different one is used in each round:you can use my md5 hash
generator to generate md5 hash.

The MD5 hash algorithm example

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MD5("the firefighters are quite brave")

=47f6cdac18d0e3358ce98935b4eb2eaa

Usually the result 128-bit MD5 hashes are showed a s a sequence of

32 hexadecimal digits.just as the example.you can use my md5 hash
generator to generate md5 hash.

The application of MD5 hash

algorithm
The MD5 hash algorithm is used very widely ,through computer
industry and other related industry.

The mainly usage of MD5 hash algorthim is as a checksum method

,file supplier first use the md5 hash algorithm to compute the
checksum of a specified file ,and show the result digits to
downloaders, so when user or downloader get the file , they can
compute the MD5 hash of the file , to see whether the file is
modified.

The main stream operating system provide build in tools for such
operation,The linux and unix based system provide MD5 hash
utilities in their distribution packages,Windows operating system
provide a PowerShell function "Get-FileHash that use MD5 hash as
checksum.

The android operating system aslo use md5 as the checksum

mechanism. you can use my md5 hash generator to generate md5
checksum.
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Beside computer industry, MD5 hash algorithm is also used in field

of electronic discovery to give a unique identifier for each
document that is exchanged during the legal discovery process.

In password security field , the md5 hash algorithm is used to one-

way hash of a password. In such usage, when user set a password
in the system , the system does not store the password in its
internal database, the system will get the md5 hash of the
password , and store the md hash in its internal database, when the
user input the password to login, system will compare the input
passwords hash and the hash stored in the database ,to see
whether the user can log in.

The attacks against the MD5 hash

algotithm
Until now , the security of the md5 hash algorithm is severely
compromised, many successful attacks has been made to reduce
the security of MD5 hash algorithm.

As early as 1993, Den Boer and Bosselaers had found that two
different initialization vectors that produce an identical digest in
MD5 hash algorithm, although somewhat limited .

In 1996, Dobbertin published a collision of the compression

function of MD5.it is enough to show people the weakness of MD
hash algorithm.

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In 2004.8 the first public collisions attacks of the full MD5 hash
algoritm were announced by Xiaoyun Wang, Dengguo Feng, Xuejia
Lai, and Hongbo Yu. Their analytical attack only take one hour on an
IBM p690 cluster.

On 1 March 2005, Arjen Lenstra, Xiaoyun Wang, and Benne de

Weger demonstrated construction of two X.509 certificates with
different public keys and the same MD5 hash value.

A few days later, Vlastimil Klima described an improved

algorithm,which construct MD5 collisions in a few hours on a single
notebook computer. On 18 March 2006, Klima published an
algorithm that could find a collision within one minute on a single
notebook computer, using a method he calls tunneling.

On 24 December 2010, Tao Xie and Dengguo Feng announced the

first published single-block (512-bit) MD5 collision.

Since so many successful attacks has been made against MD5 hash
algoritm, MD5 hash algorithm is no longer consider a secure hash
algorithm.

So In 2011 , an informational RFC 6151 was approved to update

the security considerations in MD5 and HMAC-MD5.

you can use my md5 hash generator to generate md2 hash, md4
hash and md5 hash.

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