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CHAPTER I

PRELIMINARY

A. BACKGROUND
Tenses are important in English education. If someone wants to master the English well, then he
should be able to master the good tenses. Among the forms of tenses we will discuss the simple
present tense.
Present Tense or also known as Simple Present Tense is a form of time used to express deeds.
Where Simple Present Tense is used in declaring events that occur today or is a daily habit
(habitual action), can also be used to express a general truth.
B. PROBLEM FORMULATION
1. What is a Simple Present Tense?
2. What are the uses of Simple Present Tense?
3. What is the function and structure of the Simple Present Tense in the Nominal sentence?
4. What is the function and structure of Simple Present Tense in Verbal sentences?
5. What are the uses and types of Negative Simple Present Tense sentences?
6. What are the types and sentences of the Simple Present Tense Question?
7. How is the short answer with Do and Does?
C. OBJECTIVES
The purpose of writing this paper is:
1. In order for readers to understand and apply tenses in everyday conversations or formal activities
that use English as the main language.
2. To know the formula in the use of Simple Present Tense in a sentence.
CHAPTER II
DISCUSSION

1.1 Understanding Simple Present Tense


Simple Present Tense is a simple phrase used to describe an everyday activity or daily habits. The
presentation tense also states an act or activity that takes place or occurs in the present time in a
simple form.
1.2 Usage of Simple Present Tense
Simple Present Tense can be used as follows:
Used to express a habit that is done at a certain time (habits).
Example:
- I only eat vegetables
- She drinks tea at breakfeast
- He visits my house twice a week
Used to express an activity repeatedly (repeated actions).
Example:
- I go to market every morning
- My parents are always at home on Sunday
Used to express a general truth, a general truth that occurs continuously (general truth)
Example:
- The sun rises in the east and sets in the west
- The earthis round
- A week have seven week
- ice is cold.
(ice was cold.)
- fire is hot.
(the fire was hot.)
Used to express an instruction or direction (instructions or directions)
Example:
- Open the bottle and pour the contents into glass
- I'll let you enjoy dinner
Used to express an unchanged situation (fixed arrangements)
Example:
- His father arrives tomorrow
- Our new year starts on the 1st January
Used to state with future construction (with future constructions)
Example:
- She'll see you before she leaves
- We'll give it to her when she arrives
1.3 Verbal Sentence

Expressing the Simple Present Tense phrase using the verb (VERB)

+ Subject + Verb 1 + Object


- Subject + DO NOT / DOES NOT + Verb 1 + Object
? DO / DOES + Subject + Verb 1 + Object?
? Question Word + DO / DOES + Subject + Verb 1?

Example:
+ I speak English everyday
She speaks English everyday
- I do not speak English
She does not speak English

? Do you speak English?


Answer: Yes I do, or No, I do not
Does she speak English?
Answer: Yes She does, or No, She does not
? Why do you speak English everyday?

1. The formula of positive verbal sentences used are:


For Subject I, You, We, They:

Subject + infinitive (Verb 1)

For the subject He, She, It:

Subject + infinitive (Verb 1) + s / es

Information :
Infinitive (basic verb) is also called the first form verb (Verb 1)
Example:
- I write a letter everyday.
(I write daily)
- She reads a magazine every morning.
(She reads magazines every morning)
- They visit their grandmother every Friday.
(They visit her grandmother every Friday)
There are some rules to watch out for when adding s / es to basic verbs (infinitive), which are as
follows:
1. In general, the verb (infinitive) is directly coupled with the suffix "-s"
No Verb 1 (infinitive) Added the suffix "-s"
What is the meaning of the word
1 read Reads read
2 Work Works works
3 write wrrites write
4 sets of Sets immersed
5 shine shines shine
6 Sing Sings singing
7 bring Brings brings
8 eat Eats meal
9 help Helps help
10 give Gives give

2. The verb (infinitive) which ends with the letters "ch, o, s, sh, x, z" plus the suffix "-es"

No Verb 1 (infinitive) Added the "-es" suffix


What is the meaning of the word
1 teach Teaches teaching
2 reach Reaches reach
3 do Does work
4 go goes away
5 kiss Kisses kiss
6 discuss Discusses discuss
7 pass passes passes
8 wish wishes expect
9 finish Finishes finish
10 fix fix fixes

3. The verb (infinitive) ends with the letter "-y" and preceded by a consonant, the suffix "-y" is
changed to "-i" and then "-es" is added.
No Verb 1 (infinitive) Added the "-es" suffix
What is the meaning of the word
1 cry cry cry
2 carry Carries carry
3 fly Flies fly
4 study Studies learning
5 reply Replies replied
6 try Tries trying

4. The verb (infinitive) ending in the letter "-y" beginning with the vowel, is sufficiently coupled with
the "-s" suffix.
No Verb 1 (infinitive) Added the suffix "-s"
What is the meaning of the word
1 buy Buys buy
2 play Plays play
3 lay Lays lying down
4 say Says said

5. If the verb (infinitive) begins with an auxiliary verb, it does not get an extra "s / es".
No Example Word Meaning
1 must try should try
2 must work should work
3 speak can speak
4 can write can write
2. The negative verbal sentence formula used is:
For Subject I, You, We, They:
Subject + do + not + infinitive (Verb 1)

For the subject He, She, It:


Subject + does + not + infinitive (Verb 1)
Information :
To form a negative verbal sentence should be added "do / does + not" which is placed before the
verb (infinitive).
Do is used when the subject is I, You, We, They
Does used when the subject is He, She, It
In the form of a negative verbal sentence, the addition of "s / es" to the verb is omitted.

Contoh :- I do not write a letter everyday. (Saya tidak menulis surat setiap hari)- She does not read a
magazine every morning. (Dia tidak membaca majalah setiap pagi)- They do not visit their
grandmother every Friday. (Mereka mengunjungi neneknya setiap hari Jum'at)1.4 Word Order of
Question with Do and Does1. Rumus kalimat verbal tanya yang digunakan adalah : Untuk subyek I,
You, We, They :Do + Subyek + Infinitive (Verb 1) ? Untuk subyek He, She, It :Does + Subyek +
Infinitive (Verb 1) ?Keterangan :Kalimat verbal tanya dibentuk dengan meletakan do/does di awal
kalimat jadi penambahan "s/es" pada kata kerja (infinitive) juga dihilangkan (tidak
diperlukan).Contoh :- Do I write a letter everyday? (Apakah saya menulis surat setiap hari?)- Does
She read a magazine every morning? (Apakah dia membaca majalah setiap pagi?)- Do they visit their
grandmother every Friday? (Apakah mereka mengunjungi neneknya setiap hari Jum'at?)Jawaban
yang diperlukan untuk pertanyaan di atas hanya : Yes,....... atau No,.......Contoh lain :- Do they go to
school everyday? Apakah mereka pergi ke sekolah setiap hari? Jawaban : Yes, they do. (Ya) No, they
don't. (Tidak)- Does she buy a doll every month? Apakah dia membeli sebuah boneka setiap bulan?
Jawaban : Yes, she does. (Ya) No, she doesn't1.5 Question Word Verbal Apabila dalam kalimat
verbal tanya digunakan bersama kata tanya (question word) seperti : What (apa), Where (dimana),
When (kapan), Who (siapa), Why (mengapa), Which (yang mana), How (bagaimana), maka pola
susunan kalimatnya adalah :1. Bila kata tanya (question word) yang digunakan tidak menanyakan
subyek, misalnya : Where, What, When, Why, Which, How dapat digunakan rumus :Untuk subyek I,
You, We, They :Question Word (QW) + do + Subyek + Infinitive ? Untuk subyek He, She, It :Question
Word (QW) + does + Subyek + Infinitive ?Contoh kalimat :- Where do you live? = I live in
Jakarta (Dimana kamu tinggal?) = (Saya tinggal di Jakarta) Jawabannya tidak Yes atau No tapi :- What
does she write? = She writes a letter. (Apa yang dia tulis?) = (Diamenulis sebuah
surat.)Jawaban :2. Bila kata tanya (Question Words) yang digunakan menanyakan subyek, misalnya
Who, maka rumusnya sebagai adalah :Question Word (QW) + infinitive + s/es?Keterangan :Pada
bentuk pertanyaan ini, kata kerja (infinitive) ditambah dengan "s/es" sesuai dengan aturan yang
sudah dijelaskan sebelumnya.Contoh :- Who always helps your father? = My brother
always help my father. (Siapa yang selalu membantu bapakmu?) = (Kakak laki-lakiku selalu
membantu bapakku) Jawaban :- Who borrows your English book? (Siapa yang meminjam buku
bahasa Inggrismu?)Jawaban : Amira borrows my English book. (Amira meminjam buku bahasa
Inggris saya)1.6 Kalimat NominalMengekspresikan kalimat Simple Present Tense yang tidak
menggunakan kata kerja (Non VERB) + Subject + To be 1 + Non Verb + Object- Subject + To
be 1 + NOT + Non Verb + Object? To be 1 + Subject + Non Verb + Object?? Question Word + To
be 1 + Subject + Non Verb + Object?Contoh :+ I am a teacher.She is a teacher.- I am not a
teacher.She is not a teacher.? Are you a teacher?Jawaban: Yes I am, atau No, I am notIs she a
teacher?Jawaban: Yes She is, atau No, She is not? What are you ?Jawaban: I am a
teacherWhere is your sister ?Jawaban: She is here1. Rumus kalimat nominal positif yang digunakan
adalah :Subyek + To be + Noun Adjective/AdverbKeterangan :Non verb atau bukan kata kerja (verb),
dapat berupa kata benda (noun), kata sifat (adjective) atau kata keterangan (adverb).To be (is, am,
are) yang disesuaikan dengan subyek kalimat.- is untuk subyek He, She, It- are untuk subyek We,
You, They- am untuk subyek IContoh :- You are sad. -------------> kata sifat (Kamu sedih)- We are in
the library. -----> kata keterangan (Kami ada di perpustakaan)- She is a teacher. (Dia seorang guru)
Tetapi jika sebelum to be didahului oleh kata kerja bantu (verb), maka bentuk to be (is, am,
are) berubah menjadi be untuk semua subyek.Contoh :- I must be there. (Saya harus kesana,)- He
can be ill. (mungkin dia sakit.)2. Rumus kalimat nominal negatif yang digunakan adalah :Subyek + To
be + not +Noun Adjective/AdverbKeterangan :Kalimat nominal negatif dibentuk dengan
menambahkan not di belakang to be.- You are not sad. (Kamu tidak sedih)- We are not in the library.
(Kami tidak ada di perpustakaan)- She is not a teacher. (Dia bukan seorang guru)3. Rumus kalimat
nominal tanya yang digunakan adalah :To be + Subyek + Noun Adjective/Adverb Keterangan :Kalimat
nominal ini dibentuk dengan to be di awal kalimat.Contoh :- Are you sad? (Apakah kamu sedih?)- Are
we in the library? (Apakah kami ada di perpustakaan?)- Is she a teacher? (Apakah dia seorang
guru?)Untuk menjawab pertanyaan di atas dapat digunakan jawaban : Yes, ... atau No, ...Contoh :- Is
she a teacher? (Apakah dia seorang guru?) Jawaban : Yes, she is. = Ya No, she is not. = Tidak1.7
Question Word Nominal Jika dalam kalimat nominal tanya digunakan kata tanya (question
word), maka rumus yang digunakan adal

ah:Question Word (QW) + To be + subyek ?Contoh:- Where is your mother? (Dimana ibumu?)
Jawaban : She is in the kitchen. (Dia ada di dapur.)- What is your occupation? (Apa pekerjaan kamu?)
Jawaban : I am a teacher. (Saya seorang guru.)Keterangan :Jika dalam kalimat tanya digunakan
subyek you (kamu), maka dalam kalimat jawaban harus digunakan subyek I (saya).
CHAPTER III

COVER

1.8 Conclusions

Simple Present Tense is the Time Form used to express deeds. Simple Present Tense is used to
express a habit that is performed at a certain time (habits), declares general truths, states a
repeated actions, states an instruction or directions), states a fixed arrangement, declaring with
future construction.

Simple Present Tense is divided into:

1. Simple Present Tense Verb (verbal sentence) is a sentence in which there is a verb (main verb),
which shows an activity. Can be a positive sentence, negative and sentence question.

2. Simple Present Tense Non Verb (sentence nominal) is a sentence in which there is no verb but the
bias of noun (noun), adjectives (adjectiva), and adverbs (adverb). Can be a positive sentence,
negative and sentence Question.

3. Questions in the Simple Present Tense with Do and Does (sentence) is a sentence used in the
sentence asked verbal and nominal forms using do and does.

1.9 Suggestions

Discussion about Simple Present Tense not only limited to this paper alone, because we can dig
more about Simple Present Tense. The goal for us as the successor of the Indonesian nation can

BIBLIOGRAPHY

http://www.kursusmudahbahasainggris.com/2013/07/pengertian-kegunaan-rumus-and-
example.html#ixzz3nNKdLwAX

Authority for this section: A University Grammar of English by Randolph Quirk and Sidney
Greenbaum. Longman Group: Essex, England. 1993. Used with permission.

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