FO O D W EB - The winter temperatures in temperate
deciduous forests are often well below
IN TERESTIN G FA CTS!
- The largest temperate deciduous
forest is in the eastern part of North
America, which was almost
completely deforested by 1850 for
agricultural purposes.
- Aside from farming, fungal diseases
currently pose the greatest threat to
these forests, and humans are
almost always the cause of their
introduction and transmission in an
area.
freezing CO M E V I SI T T H E
- In the Northern part of Russia there is
T EM PERA T E
a deciduous forest with 3 ½ million
square miles of land covered in tree B RO A D LEA F
FO REST
TH E TRIP O F A LIFETIM E!
SYM BIO SIS
One example of symbiosis in the temperate
broadleaf forest is between birds and deer.
Deer allow birds to eat insects of their fur.
This is an example of mutualism. The bird
benefits because he is provided with food to
eat, and the deer benefits because it gets rid
of the annoying insects on its fur.
Another example of symbiosis is between the
tick and the white-tailed deer. The tick
attaches to the skin of the white-tailed deer
and feeds on the nutrients in the deer. The An advent urous, calm, and
deer can get an infectious disease from the life-changing journey!
tick. This is an example of parasatism
because the tick benefits from the Charlie Gay
relationship and the white-tail deer is
harmed.
 LO CATIO N
Temperate Broadleaf Forests are found in
middle latitudes (eastern half of the U.S,
Canada, Europe, parts of Russia, China, and
Japan). The red areas on the map below
illustrate where these forests are located.
CLIM ATE
The location of temperate broadleaf forests
results in very mild climates. The average
yearly temperature is 10°C. These forests
have very warm summers and very cold
winters. The average rainfall in temperate
broadleaf forests is 750 to 1,500 mm of rain
per year. The rainfall is key to the survival of
the plants in this forest. The distinct seasons
in the temperate forests results in leaves to
change colors and forces animals to adapt
to the cold winters. These are all examples
of abiotic factors in this biome.
FA UN A
There is a large variety of life that is located in
this biome. The broad-winged hawk, snowy
owl, red fox, and white-tailed deer can all be
found in temperate broadleaf forests. These are
all examples of biotic factors in this biome.
The black bear is an animal that has
been perfectly adapted to this biome.
The winters in temperate broadleaf
forests are below freezing. The black
bear has adapted to have very thick fur
and to hibernate during the winter.
Hibernation ensures that the black bear
will not have to search for food in the
snowy, frozen winter.
Many chipmunks in this biome have
underwent a behavioral adaptation.
Chipmunks store nuts and seeds in the
hollows of trees during the summer
when food is plentiful. The chipmunks
then eat these stored nuts and seeds in
the winter months when food is scarce.
The cold weather prevents the
decomposition of these nuts and seeds.
FLO RA
There is a great variety of plant species located
in temperate broadleaf forests. The oak tree,
maple tree, beech tree, honeysuckle, and
mustard flower are all located in this biome.
The climate of the temperate broadleaf forest
results in adaptations in plants as well as
animals. Many of the trees in this biome have
adapted to change with the changing climate. In
the summer the trees have green broad leaves
in order to absorb the maximum amount of
sunlight for photosynthesis. In the winters, the
trees have adapted to break down the
chlorophyll in the plants causing them to change
color. The trees go into a period of dormancy
during the winter because of the lack of
sunlight.
The hemlock plant is a plant that has been able
to survive in broadleaf forests because of its
adaptation to be poisonous to many animals.
This allows the hemlock plant to survive in a
very competitive biome.