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EVALU B LE
AV A IL A
Low-Power, 60Msps, Dual, 6-Bit ADC
MAX1002
The MAX1002 is a dual, 6-bit analog-to-digital converter ♦ ±1/4LSB INL and DNL, Typical
(ADC) that combines high-speed, low-power operation
with a user-selectable input range, an internal refer- ♦ 1/4LSB (typ) Channel-to-Channel Offset Matching
ence, and a clock oscillator. The dual, parallel ADCs ♦ 0.1dB Gain and 0.5° Phase Matching, Typical
are designed to convert in-phase (I) and quadrature
♦ Internal Bandgap Voltage Reference
(Q) analog signals into two 6-bit offset-binary-coded
digital outputs at sampling rates up to 60Msps while ♦ Two Matched 6-Bit, 60Msps ADCs
achieving typical integral nonlinearity (INL) and differ- ♦ Excellent Dynamic Performance:
ential nonlinearity (DNL) of ±1/4LSB. The ability to
5.85 ENOB with 20MHz Analog Input
interface directly with baseband I and Q signals makes
the MAX1002 ideal for use in direct-broadcast satellite, 5.7 ENOB with 50MHz Analog Input
VSAT, and QAM16 demodulation applications. ♦ Internal Oscillator with Overdrive Capability
The MAX1002 input amplifiers feature true differential ♦ 55MHz (-0.5dB) Bandwidth Input Amplifiers
inputs, a 55MHz -0.5dB analog bandwidth, and user- with True Differential Inputs
programmable input full-scale ranges of 125mVp-p, ♦ User-Selectable Input Full-Scale Range
250mVp-p, or 500mVp-p. With an AC-coupled input
signal, matching performance between input channels (125mVp-p, 250mVp-p, or 500mVp-p)
is typically 0.1dB gain, 1/4LSB offset, and 0.5° phase. ♦ Single-Ended or Differential Input Drive
Dynamic performance is 5.85 effective number of bits ♦ +5V Single Supply
(ENOB) with a 20MHz analog input signal, or 5.78
ENOB with a 50MHz input signal. ♦ TTL Outputs
The MAX1002 operates with a single +5V power supply ♦ 90Msps Upgrade with +3.3V CMOS-Compatible
and provides TTL-compatible digital outputs. The device Output Available (MAX1003)
is available in the commercial temperature range (0°C to
+70°C) and comes in a 36-pin SSOP package.
________________________Applications ______________Ordering Information
Direct Broadcast Satellite (DBS) Receivers PART TEMP. RANGE PIN-PACKAGE
VSAT Receivers MAX1002CAX 0°C to +70°C 36 SSOP
Wide Local Area Networks (WLAN) Pin Configuration appears at end of data sheet.
Cable Television Set-Top Boxes
_________________________________________________________Functional Diagram
IOCC+ IOCC-
IIN+
INPUT ADC 6 DATA 6 D0I–D5I
AMP I BUFFER
IIN- I VREF I
OFFSET
CLOCK DCLK
CORREC-
TION I OUT
GAIN TNK+
BANDGAP CLOCK
REFERENCE DRIVER
TNK-
OFFSET
CORREC-
QIN+ TION Q MAX1002
INPUT VREF 6 DATA 6
ADC DQ0–DQ5
AMP BUFFER
QIN- Q Q
Q
QOCC+ QOCC-
For free samples & the latest literature: http://www.maxim-ic.com, or phone 1-800-998-8800
For small orders, phone 408-737-7600 ext. 3468.
Low-Power, 60Msps, Dual, 6-Bit ADC
Stresses beyond those listed under “Absolute Maximum Ratings” may cause permanent damage to the device. These are stress ratings only, and functional
operation of the device at these or any other conditions beyond those indicated in the operational sections of the specifications is not implied. Exposure to
absolute maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.
DC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
(VCC, VCCO = +5V ±5%; TA = TMIN to TMAX; unless otherwise noted.)
2 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Power, 60Msps, Dual, 6-Bit ADC
AC ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS
MAX1002
(VCC, VCCO = +5V ±5%; TA = +25°C; unless otherwise noted.)
PARAMETER SYMBOL CONDITIONS MIN TYP MAX UNITS
DYNAMIC PERFORMANCE (GAIN = open; external 60MHz clock (Figure 7); VINI, VINIQ = 20MHz sine; amplitude -1dB below FS;
unless otherwise noted.)
Maximum Sample Rate fMAX 60 Msps
Analog Input -0.5dB Bandwidth BW Gain = GND, open, VCC 55 MHz
GAIN = open (mid gain) 5.6 5.85
ENOBM GAIN = open (mid gain),
5.7
Effective Number of Bits VIN = 50MHz, -1dB below FS Bits
ENOBH Gain = VCC (high gain) 5.8
ENOBL Gain = VCC (low gain) 5.85
Signal-to-Noise and Distortion
SINAD Gain = open (mid gain) 35.4 37 dB
Ratio
I channel -0.5 0.5
Input Offset (Note 5) OFF LSB
Q channel -0.5 0.5
Crosstalk Between ADCs XTLK -55 dB
Offset Mismatch Between ADCs OMM2 (Note 5) -0.5 ±0.25 0.5 LSB
Amplitude Match Between
AM -0.2 ±0.1 0.2 dB
ADCs
Phase Match Between ADCs PM -2 ±0.5 2 degrees
TIMING CHARACTERISTICS (data outputs: RL = 1MΩ, CL = 15pF, Figure 8)
DCLK to Data-Propagation
tPD (Note 6) 7.1 ns
Delay
Data Valid Skew tSKEW (Note 6) 3.6 ns
Input to DCLK Delay tDCLK TNK+ to DCLK (Note 6) 5.3 ns
Aperture Delay tAP 5.5 ns
clock
Pipeline Delay PD 1
cycle
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 3
Low-Power, 60Msps, Dual, 6-Bit ADC
(VCC, VCCO = +5V ±5%; MAX1002/MAX1003 evaluation kit; TA = +25°C; unless otherwise noted.)
MAX1002-02
MAX1002-03
MAX1002-01 0
5.8 5.9
-0.2
MAGNITUDE (dB)
ENOB (bits)
5.6 5.8
ENOB
-0.4
5.4 5.7
-0.6
MAX1002-05
fIN = 19.930MHz
fCLK = 60.000MHz
-70 1024 POINTS
-20 AC COUPLED
PHASE NOISE (dBc)
SINGLE ENDED
-90 AVERAGED
-40
-110
-60
-130
-150 -80
1k 10k 100k 1M 0 6 12 18 24 30
FREQUENCY (Hz) FREQUENCY (MHz)
MAX1002-07
0.25 0.25
DNL (LSB)
DNL (LSB)
0
0
-0.25
-0.25
-0.50
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 64 -0.50
CODE 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 64
4 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Power, 60Msps, Dual, 6-Bit ADC
______________________________________________________________Pin Description
MAX1002
PIN NAME FUNCTION
1 GAIN Gain-Select Input. Sets input full-scale range: 125/250/500mVp-p (Table 1).
Positive I-Channel Offset-Correction Compensation. Connect 0.22µF capacitor
2 IOCC+
for AC-coupled inputs (Figures 2, 3). Ground for DC-coupled inputs (Figures 4, 5).
Negative I-Channel Offset-Correction Compensation. Connect 0.22µF capacitor
3 IOCC-
for AC-coupled inputs (Figures 2, 3). Ground for DC-coupled inputs (Figures 4, 5).
4 IIN+ I-Channel Noninverting Analog Input
5 IIN- I-Channel Inverting Analog Input
6 VCC +5V ±5% Supply. Bypass with 0.01µF capacitor to GND (Pin 7).
7, 11, 12,
GND Analog Ground
18, 19
8 VCC +5V ±5% Supply. Bypass with 0.01µF capacitor to GND (Pin 11).
9 TNK+ Positive Oscillator/Clock Input
10 TNK- Negative Oscillator/Clock Input
13 VCC +5V ±5% Supply. Bypass with 0.01µF capacitor to GND (Pin 12).
14 QIN- Q-Channel Inverting Analog Input
15 QIN+ Q-Channel Noninverting Analog Input
Negative Q-Channel Offset-Correction Compensation. Connect 0.22µF capacitor
16 QOCC-
for AC-coupled inputs (Figures 2, 3). Ground for DC-coupled inputs (Figures 4, 5).
Positive Q-Channel Offset-Correction Compensation. Connect 0.22µF capacitor
17 QOCC+
for AC-coupled inputs (Figures 2, 3). Ground for DC-coupled inputs (Figures 4, 5).
20–25 DQ5–DQ0 Q-Channel Digital Outputs 0–5. DQ5 is the most significant bit (MSB).
26, 28 VCCO +5V ±5% Digital Supply. Bypass each with 47pF to OGND (Pin 27).
27 OGND Digital Output Ground
29 DCLK Digital Clock Output. Frames the output data.
30–35 DI0–DI5 I-Channel Digital Outputs 0–5. DI5 is the most significant bit (MSB).
36 VCC +5V ±5% Supply. Bypass with 0.01µF to GND (Pin 19).
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 5
Low-Power, 60Msps, Dual, 6-Bit ADC
Figures 2 and 3 show single-ended and differential AC- compensation capacitor is required to set the dominant
MAX1002
coupled input circuits. Each of the amplifier inputs is pole of the offset-correction amplifier’s frequency
internally biased to a 2.35V reference through a 20kΩ response (Figures 2 and 3). The compensation capaci-
resistor, eliminating external DC bias circuits. A series tor determines the low-frequency corner of the analog
0.1µF capacitor is required at each amplifier input for input response according to the following formula:
AC-coupled signals. fc = 1 / (0.1 x C)
When operating with AC-coupled inputs, the input where C is the value of the compensation capacitor in
amplifiers’ DC offset voltage is nulled to within ±1/2LSB µF, and fc is the corner frequency in Hz.
by an on-chip offset-correction amplifier. An external
LNB
75Ω CABLE
950MHz TO 2150MHz
F-CONNECTOR F-CONNECTOR
KU BAND FOR 2ND SET-TOP BOX INPUT
OR
VARACTOR-TUNED
PRESELECTION FILTER
RFIN IOUT
0 60Msps CLK IN
90
MAX2102
DSP
DATA QIN
6 BITS
EXTERNAL QOUT BUFFER
VCO LO
DIV DAC OR
ADC CLOCK
LO
MAX1002 SYNTHESIZER
TANK OFFSET CORRECTION
MODCTL FIN CAR
OR
OFFI OFFQ PSOUT MOD GND (x8)
OFFI OFFQ TANK
TSA5055 or
EQUIVALENT
6 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Power, 60Msps, Dual, 6-Bit ADC
MAX1002
coupled input circuits for applications where a DC com- The I and Q ADC blocks receive the analog signals
ponent of the input signal is present. The amplifiers’ from the respective I and Q input amplifiers. The ADCs
input common-mode voltage range extends from 1.75V use flash conversion with 63 fully differential compara-
to 2.75V. To prevent attenuation of the input signal’s DC tors to digitize the analog input signal into a 6-bit output
component when operating in this mode, disable the off- in offset binary format.
set-correction amplifier by grounding the _OCC+ and
_OCC- pins for the I and Q blocks (Figures 4 and 5).
0.22µF 0.22µF
OFFSET OFFSET
CORREC- CORREC-
TION TION
0.1µF 0.1µF
_IN+ _IN+
_IN- _IN-
0.1µF
0.1µF
20k 20k MAX1002 20k 20k MAX1002
OFFSET OFFSET
CORREC- CORREC-
TION TION
_IIN+ _IIN+
_IIN- _IIN-
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 7
Low-Power, 60Msps, Dual, 6-Bit ADC
that ensures no more than 1LSB dynamic encoding If the tank circuit is used, the resonant inductor should
error. Dynamic encoding errors resulting from meta- have a sufficiently high Q and a self-resonant frequen-
stable states may occur when the analog input voltage, cy (SRF) of at least twice the intended oscillator fre-
at the time the sample is taken, falls close to the deci- quency. Coilcraft's 1008HS-221, with a 700MHz SRF
sion point for any one of the input comparators. The and a Q of 45, works well for this application. Generate
resulting output code for typical converters can be different clock-frequency ranges by adjusting varactor
incorrect, including false full- or zero-scale outputs. The and tank elements.
MAX1002’s unique design reduces the magnitude of An internal-clock-driver buffer is included to provide
this type of error to 1LSB. sharp clock edges to the internal flash comparators.
Internal Voltage Reference The buffer ensures that the comparators are simultane-
An internal buffered bandgap reference is included on ously clocked, maximizing the ADC’s effective number
the MAX1002 to drive the ADC’s reference ladders. The of bits of performance.
on-chip reference and buffer eliminate any external External-Clock Operation
(high-impedance) connections to the reference ladder, To accommodate designs that use an external clock,
minimizing the potential for noise coupling from exter- the MAX1002’s internal oscillator can be overdriven by
nal circuitry while ensuring that the voltage reference, an external clock source (Figure 7). The external clock
input amplifier, and reference ladder track well with source should be a sinusoid to minimize clock-phase
variations in temperature and power supplies. noise and jitter, which can degrade the ADC’s effective
Oscillator Circuit bits performance. AC couple the clock source (recom-
The MAX1002 includes a differential oscillator, which is mended voltage level is approximately 1Vp-p) to the
controlled by an external parallel resonant (tank) net- oscillator inputs (Figure 7).
work (Figure 6). As an alternative, the oscillator may be
overdriven with an external clock source (Figure 7).
47k
47pF
TNK+
50Ω 0.1µF
10k
220nH CL0CK Z0 = 50Ω
VTUNE 22pF
DRIVER
TNK+
50Ω
TNK- VC
CLOCK
47pF DRIVER
MAX1002
50Ω
VTUNE = 0V TO 8V
fOSC = 55MHz TO 65MHz
VARACTOR DIODE PAIR IS M/A-COM MA4ST079CK-287 (SOT23 PACKAGE). VCLOCK = 300mVp-p TO 1.25Vp-p
INDUCTOR IS COILCRAFT 1008HS-221.
8 _______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Power, 60Msps, Dual, 6-Bit ADC
MAX1002
N
N+1
ANALOG
INPUT
N+2
tAP
50%
TNK+
(INPUT CLOCK) tDCLK
1.4V
DCLK tPD
tSKEW
100000
Transfer Function
011111
Figure 9 shows the MAX1002’s nominal transfer function.
Output coding is offset binary with 1LSB = FSR / 63. 011110
000011
000010
000001
000000
-FSR 0 FSR
2 1LSB 2
INPUT VOLTAGE
(_IN+ to _IN-)
_______________________________________________________________________________________ 9
Low-Power, 60Msps, Dual, 6-Bit ADC
Layout, Grounding, and Bypassing Signal-to-noise plus distortion (SINAD) is the ratio of the
The MAX1002 is designed with separate analog and fundamental input frequency’s RMS amplitude to all
digital power-supply and ground connections to isolate other ADC output signals. The output spectrum is limit-
high-current digital noise spikes from the more sensi- ed to frequencies above DC and below one-half the
tive analog circuitry. The high-current digital output ADC sample rate.
ground (OGND) and analog ground (GND) should be The theoretical minimum A/D noise is caused by quan-
at the same DC level, connected at only one location tization error, and results directly from the ADC’s reso-
on the board. This provides best noise immunity and lution: SNR = (6.02N + 1.76)dB, where N is the number
improved conversion accuracy. Use of separate of bits of resolution. Therefore, a perfect 6-bit ADC can
ground planes is strongly recommended. do no better than 38dB.
The entire board requires good DC bypassing for both The FFT Plot (see Typical Operating Characteristics)
analog and digital supplies. Place the bypass capaci- shows the result of sampling a pure 20MHz sinusoid at
tors close to where the power is routed onto the board, a 60MHz clock rate. This FFT plot of the output shows
i.e., close to the connector. 10µF electrolytic capacitors the output level in various spectral bands. The plot has
with low ESR-ratings are recommended. For best effec- been averaged to reduce the quantization noise floor
tive bits performance, minimize capacitive loading at and reveal the low-amplitude spurs. This emphasizes
the digital outputs. Keep the digital output traces as the excellent spurious-free dynamic range of the
short as possible. MAX1002.
The MAX1002 can operate with one +5V supply. For The effective resolution (or ENOB) the ADC provides
optimum performance, separate +5V ±5% supplies and can be measured by transposing the equation that con-
bypassing are recommended. Bypass each of the VCC verts resolution to SNR: N = (SINAD - 1.76) / 6.02 (see
supply pins to its respective GND with high- Typical Operating Characteristics).
quality ceramic capacitors located as close to the
package as possible (Table 2). Consult the evaluation
kit for a suggested layout and bypassing scheme.
Table 2. Bypassing
SUPPLY VCC / BYPASS TO CAPACITOR
FUNCTION VCCO GND/OGND VALUE
Analog Inputs 6 7 0.01µF
Oscillator/Clock 8 11 0.01µF
Converter 13 12 0.01µF
Digital Q Output 26 27 47pF
Digital I Output 28 27 47pF
Buffer 36 19 0.01µF
10 ______________________________________________________________________________________
Low-Power, 60Msps, Dual, 6-Bit ADC
MAX1002
TRANSISTOR COUNT: 6097
TOP VIEW
GAIN 1 36 VCC
IOCC+ 2 35 DI5
IOCC- 3 34 DI4
IIN+ 4 33 DI3
IIN- 5 32 DI2
MAX1002
VCC 6 31 DI1
GND 7 30 DI0
VCC 8 29 DCLK
TNK+ 9 28 VCCO
TNK- 10 27 OGND
GND 11 26 VCCO
GND 12 25 DQ0
VCC 13 24 DQ1
QIN- 14 23 DQ2
QIN+ 15 22 DQ3
QOCC- 16 21 DQ4
QOCC+ 17 20 DQ5
GND 18 19 GND
SSOP
______________________________________________________________________________________ 11
Low-Power, 60Msps, Dual, 6-Bit ADC
________________________________________________________Package Information
MAX1002
SSOP2.EPS
Maxim cannot assume responsibility for use of any circuitry other than circuitry entirely embodied in a Maxim product. No circuit patent licenses are
implied. Maxim reserves the right to change the circuitry and specifications without notice at any time.
12 ____________________Maxim Integrated Products, 120 San Gabriel Drive, Sunnyvale, CA 94086 408-737-7600
© 1997 Maxim Integrated Products Printed USA is a registered trademark of Maxim Integrated Products.