THE PROPOSAL OF SOLAR POWERPLANT

SYSTEM ON GRID ROOFTOP

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

TABLE OF CONTENTS................................................................................................................................ i
LIST OF FIGURES ...................................................................................................................................... ii
LIST OF TABLES ....................................................................................................................................... iii
CHAPTER 1 : GENERAL DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................................... 1
1.1. General Description of Development Site Plans of Solar Power Plant On Grid...................... 1
1.1.1. Location ........................................................................................................................... 1
1.1.2. Access to location ........................................................................................................... 1
1.2. Verify Location of Solar Power Plant On Grid Development .................................................. 1
1.2.1. Position and land area of Solar Power Plant On Grid ..................................................... 1
1.2.2. Location ........................................................................................................................... 3
1.2.3. The amount of load required .......................................................................................... 4
1.3. Solar Power Plant On Grid ...................................................................................................... 4
1.3.1. System description .......................................................................................................... 4
1.3.2. The working principle of Solar Power Plant On Grid ...................................................... 4
1.3.3. Equipment used .............................................................................................................. 5
CHAPTER 2 : TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY STUDY .......................................................................................... 6
2.1. The Simulation Of Energy Production Of Solar Power Plant .................................................. 6
2.2. The Aspects of Energy Needs .................................................................................................. 7
2.3. The Technical Aspects ............................................................................................................. 7
2.4. Technological Aspects ............................................................................................................. 8
CHAPTER 3 : THE DETAIL of ENGINEERING DESIGN .............................................................................. 13
3.1. Solar Panel ............................................................................................................................ 13
3.2. Grid Inverter .......................................................................................................................... 13
3.3. Blok Diagram ......................................................................................................................... 13
3.4. Single Line Diagram ............................................................................................................... 14
3.5. Bill Of Quantity ...................................................................................................................... 15
CHAPTER 5 : the conclusion and recommendation .............................................................................. 16
5.1. Verification ............................................................................................................................ 16
5.2. Feasibility Study .................................................................................................................... 16
5.3. The Detail Of Engineering Design ......................................................................................... 16
5.4. Recommendation.................................................................................................................. 16
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LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 1 Photo of location Via Google Maps .......................................................................................... 1

Figure 2 Area Layout ............................................................................................................................... 2
Figure 3 Area Photo ................................................................................................................................ 3
Figure 4 Location From Google Maps ..................................................................................................... 3
Figure 5 The Working Principle of Solar Power Plant On Grid at Daytime ............................................. 4
Figure 6 The Simulation Of Solar Energy Production Using PVSyst ........................................................ 6
Figure 7 The Example Of Tool Layout Planning On Site .......................................................................... 7
Figure 8 Solar Panel 340Wp .................................................................................................................... 9
Figure 9 Grid Inverter ............................................................................................................................ 10
Figure 10 Blok Diagram Of Solar Power Plant ....................................................................................... 13
Figure 11 Single Line Diagram System .................................................................................................. 14
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LIST OF TABLES

Table 1 The Design of Solar Panel Calculation ...................................................................................... 13

Table 2 The Design of Grid Inverter Calculation ................................................................................... 13
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CHAPTER 1 : GENERAL DESCRIPTION

1.1. General Description of Development Site Plans of Solar Power Plant On

Grid
1.1.1. Location
- Address : Jl. Raya Ciwandan. Ciwandan, Cilegon, Banten.
- Telephone : (022) 5207421

1.1.2. Access to location

- The distance from West Cilegon Toll Gates : 150 km (Using land transportation with estimation
time 40 minutes)

Figure 1 Photo of location Via Google Maps

1.2. Verify Location of Solar Power Plant On Grid Development

1.2.1. Position and land area of Solar Power Plant On Grid
- Land area of Solar Power Plant On Grid : 189 m x 57,7 m
- Position of latitude - longtitude : -6.040044⁰, 105.939385⁰
- Environmental positions : Rooftop
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Figure 2 Area Layout

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- Area documentation :

Figure 3 Area Photo

1.2.2. Location
This picture was taken via google maps

Figure 4 Location From Google Maps

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1.2.3. The amount of load required

- Land area can be installed up to 1000 KWP
- Demand 620 KWP
- Conclusin : Capacity 650 KWP can be installed on this area

1.3. Solar Power Plant On Grid

1.3.1. System description
Solar Power Plant On Grid system / Grid Tie / Grid Connected is a system that produce electricy from
a connected Solar Panel with convensional electricity from PLN. This system is the most installed system
around the world. It can easily be found on the rooftop, building, manufacturer or on soil.

The purpose of this system is to decrease the usage of conventional electricty and to decrease the
electricity bill.

1.3.2. The working principle of Solar Power Plant On Grid

Generally, the working principle of Solar Power Plant On Grid can be explained as follow :

a. Daytime when PV Energy > Load Needed

On daytime, solar panel changes solar light into Direct Current electricity and streamed to the
inverter. The inverter changes DC into AC that sync with PLN grid. AC electricity sent to the
connected main solar panel with grid-tie inverter. Net metering counting net consumption of
electricity usage. The surplus energy produced by PV system will be re-send to PLN grid.

Figure 5 The Working Principle of Solar Power Plant On Grid at Daytime

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b. Daytime when PV Energy < Load needed

This condition can be happened if :
- It’s cloudly
- Approaching to sunset, solar panel can produce non optimal energy from the solar
c. Night time
At night time, the solar energy cannot be used again, the load automatically supplied by PLN.

1.3.3. Equipment used

The equipment used for Solar Power Plant On Grid stand of :
1) Solar Panel
Solar panel changes solar radiation become DC electricity. The generated energy fluctuated
depend on the weather condition. To receive the needed power and or the needed
electricity voltage, solar panel must be installed either series or parallel.
2) Bidirectional Inverter
Inverter is a tool that functionate to changes direct current (DC) to alternative current (AC)
so that it can be distributed and be used to fulfill the electricity needed.
3) Combiner Box
Combiner box is a panel DC that functionate to combine output from some PV strings. It
also functioned as panel issolation and protection towards surplus voltage or current and
lighting.
4) Distribution Panel
Distribution panel is a low voltage panel AC 1 phase or 3 phase. It is functioned to distribute
the power from generator to load. It stands of some output feeders.
5) Support Module
It is functioned to sustain solar panel that corresponding based on position and slope that
has been specified.
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CHAPTER 2 : TECHNICAL FEASIBILITY STUDY

2.1. The Simulation Of Energy Production Of Solar Power Plant

To know the potential of solar energy production on site, it should be done the simulation using PVSyst
software. Here is the result of simulation :

Figure 6 The Simulation Of Solar Energy Production Using PVSyst

From the result above, it can be known that the average production of solar energy is 669.5 kWh/day.
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2.2. The Aspects of Energy Needs

- The capacity that can be installed on site is 620 KWP and the energy that can be produced is around :

Energy = 620 KWp x PSH

= 620 KWp x 4 hours
= 2,48 MWh

2.3. The Technical Aspects

Here is the analisys of feasibility study on Solar Power Plant site based to follow points :

a. Appropriateness of Solar Power Plant area

- Forms of land and comprehensive of area

Figure 7 The Example Of Tool Layout Planning On Site

- On site, the size of Solar Power Plant land is 189 m x 28.85 m with slope angle 15o faced
north and 189 m x 28.85 m with slope angle 15o faced south. With each comprehensives
around 5500 m2, those land is sufficient for solar panel as the example above. By that, the
land is decent for Solar Power Plant On Grid area.

- Soil conditions
The land stands on solid ground, and it is decent for Solar Power Plant On Grid
development.

b. Feasibility of loads
- Peak loads review
On Solar Power Plant’s inverter capacity calculation, it is estimated that the peak loads of
inverter probably up to 620.000 watt. This amount should be under the power capacity of
PLN grid. And by that, solar power plant that capacitied 620 KWp will be able to supply load
on site.
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- Daily energy needed review

On daily energy needed calculation, it is estimated that the energy produced probably up
to 2.480.000 watt hour per day.

2.4. Technological Aspects

Solar Power Plant on grid to be built has capacity up to 620 KWP. The specification of main
component that will be used is as follow :

a. Solar Panel
The specifications of solar panel is :
 Solar panel type : Monocrystalline Silicon
 The capacity of solar panel : 340 Wp
 The efficiency of solar panel : 17,5%
 The connection between solar panel : Plug and play, connection cable placed using
cable tray under the solar panel
 Technical lifetime : 25 (twenty five) years with degradation
output 81,5% per year
 Label performance data of solar panel is sticked behind the solar panel
 Solar panel is assembled series as many 21 units to generate one string
 J-Box should be completed with blocking diode and cable grand, complete with plug and
the sockets
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Figure 8 Solar Panel 340Wp

b. Solar Inverter (On Grid Inverter)

 Total output power : 660 KW
 Total of inverter : 10 units, 60 KW
 The output voltage : 3/PE; 360 to 530 VAC, 50Hz/60Hz,
 Topology : Transformerless
 Efficiency : ≥ 98,8%
 THD : ≤ 1%
 Communication : Inverter Manager
 Monitoring : Local and Monitoring Portal (https://www.sunnyportal.com/)
 Protection System : Input-side disconnection point, Ground fault monitoring, grid
monitoring, DC surge arreste Type II, AC surge arreste Type II + III,
AC short-circuit current capability, All-pole sensitive residual
current monitoring unit
 Indeks Protection : IP 65
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Figure 9 Grid Inverter

c. Power Cable
 Connection cable between solar panel using specific cable for solar panel with voltage up
to 1000 VDC and anti-ultraviolet. Connector between cable using plug and play type MC4.
 Connection cable between solar panel is placed on cable duct. Cable duct is placed under
PV array and sticked to support module.
 Power cable using cable duct that placed under closed ground to be road access.
 Power cable from grid inverter to AC Panel Combiner using cable type NYFGbY/NYRGbY
with diameter adjust to current (SPLN/SNI).
 Power cable from AC Panel Combiner to Panel Existing using twisted cable with diameter
adjust to current (SPLN/SNI).
 Every cable connectors using cable terminal and connector (not direct connection) that
adjusted and isolation well.
 Grounding system from support module using conductor type NYY yellow green 16mm2
(SPLN/SNI). Cross section connected well electrically to support module (using cable shoes
and bolt).
 Electricity grounding system united and placed in grounding tub control. Tub control
grounding is made of a couple of the casted cement stones and equipped by a cover that
has a handle. The size and the depth of tub control made in such way to ease the operator
on maintenance.
 Interconnection of each PV arrays is grouped and placed on combiner box. The size of
combiner box is adjusted to ease the operator on checking at maintenance. The placement
of combiner box is safe from rain.
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d. Combiner Box
Combiner box is functionate to combine some PV strings to be one array and also to protect PV
array.
 Design of panel is outdoor
 Made of polycarbonat with insulation class IP65 which is resistant to long term ultraviolet
or powder coating.
 Interconnect cable is adjust with photovoltaik strandard application (minimum rating 1000
VDC).
 All connection on cable terminal meet the strandars with using pedal system connection
to ensure the quality of connection is good and certain.
 For input from string cable using connector plug-in socket type MC4.
 Completed with modular current limiter, having functional indicator and maximum
working voltage 1000 VDC (IEC 60269-6). Type Fuse gPV with current capacity that adjust
with power output.
 Completed with surge protection for photovoltaic application (IEC 61643-1) Surge
protection shaped modular, plugable, and has work functional indicator.
 Completed with isolator switch with voltage up to 1000 VDC, for safe isolation on
maintenance.

e. AC Panel Combiner
AC Panel Combiner is functioned for combine inverter become one voltage output and to
protect inverter system. AC panel combiner is completed with main switch, current limiter mini
circuit breaker (MCB), terminal switch, busbar. Front frame, top, below, and behind is tightly
closed, so the operator will be protected from danger touch of active parts. Distribution panel
is colpleted with ventilation from side. The ventilation hole must be protected from insects,
small goods or water drops.
 System voltage : 380/400 Vac (3 phase)
 Monitoring : Voltage, current, and kWh meter
 Protection system : Fuse and circuit breaker. Surge protection, lampnindicator
 Total panel : 1 set
 Installation cable : Cable type NYY
 Material : Non-combustible, moisture-resistant metal material with a
minimum thickness 2 mm
 Feature : Completed with timer and contractor, also lamp indicator
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f. Support PV Array
 Solar panel mounting use rail model and clip with aluminium material with minium
thickness 3,5 mm or another light metal material but solid and anti corrosion with minium
thickness 3 mm and its size adjust with offered solar panel.
 PV Support should be designed with considering slope angle of solar panel towards the
rooftop. The slope angle must be adjusted with the condition of rooftop to get optimal
radiation energy.
 The slope design of solar panel is got by the result of software simulation.
 If using aluminium material, the arranged solar panel on rail completed with mid clamp
and end clamp with anti corrosion aluminium material, that is functioned as solar panel
holder for not to shift.
 If using aluminium material, mid clamp should be installed under solar panel in such way
to make eliminate the gaps between the arrangments of solar panel. The alternative way
to eliminate the gaps between the arrangments of solar panel is to use rail without mid
clamp (free mid clamp). The purpose to eliminate the gaps is to protect below side from
the rain.
 The distance between PV Array with another objects is arranged to avoid the shading on
solar panel surface.
 The height between solar panel and the ground surface on lowest point is minimum 250
cm.
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CHAPTER 3 : THE DETAIL OF ENGINEERING DESIGN

3.1. Solar Panel

Table 1 The Design of Solar Panel Calculation

Description Information
Total minimum of solar panel 1890 units
Total sel minimum 72 cells
Min. Power (watt) 340 Wp

3.2. Grid Inverter

Table 2 The Design of Grid Inverter Calculation

Description Information
Minimum capacity 620KVA
Inverter capacity 60KVA
Voltage of Phase 3 / PE
Voltage output Vac 360 to 530 VAC
Total 10 Units

3.3. Blok Diagram

Figure
Picture
10 Blok
10 Blok
Diagram
Diagram
Of Solar
Of Solar
Power
Power
PlantPlant
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3.4. Single Line Diagram

Figure 11 Single Line Diagram System

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3.5. Bill Of Quantity

Daftar 1 : Mata Pembayaran Umum
HARGA TOTAL
NO SATUAN JUMLAH URAIAN PEKERJAAN
SATUAN HARGA
1,1 ls 1 Setting Out / Persiapan Lokasi 14.286.000 14.286.000
1,2 ls 1 Pengiriman Barang 14.286.000 14.286.000
1,3 ls 1 Instalasi 135.000.000 135.000.000
1,4 ls 1 Engineering Design 14.286.000 14.286.000
1,5 ls 1 Representatif Pertahun 135.000.000 135.000.000
Jumlah 312.858.000

Daftar 2 : Mata Pembayaran Pekerjaan Mekanikal Elektrikal

HARGA TOTAL
NO SATUAN JUMLAH URAIAN PEKERJAAN
SATUAN HARGA
1 Sistem Fotovoltaik dan Pengkabelan 240 KWp 1
1,1 unit 480 Modul surya 335Wp Trinasolar 2.394.714 1.149.462.720
1,2 set 8 Array combiner box 8.572.000 68.576.000

2 Support Module
2,1 set 1 Array mounting frame kit tipe Canopy Parking 518.000.000 518.000.000
2,2 set 1 Wiring Kit (Ducting, Jalur Kabel Bawah Tanah, kabel ties, dll) 130.000.000 130.000.000
2,3 set 1 Pondasi 200.000.000 200.000.000

3 Controller
3,1 Unit 8 Inverter 20KW Trannergy 34.000.000 272.000.000
3,2 Unit 0 Inverter 25KW Trannergy 42.572.000 -
3,3 set 1 Assesoris controller 8.286.000 8.286.000
3,4 set 1 Monitoring System 4.286.000 4.286.000

4 Panel Kolektor dan Pengkabelan

4,1 set 1 Panel Kolektor 160KVA 9.286.000 9.286.000
4,2 meter 960 Kabel modul surya 4 mm2 25.000 24.000.000
4,3 meter 80 Kabel modul surya 6 mm2 32.000 2.560.000
4,4 pair 96 Konektor MC4 70.000 6.720.000
4,5 meter 300 Kabel NYFGbY 4x10mm2 120.000 36.000.000
4,6 meter 200 Kabel Twisted 3x50mm2 + 35mm2 34.000 6.800.000
4,7 meter 200 Kabel NYY Y/G 16 mm2 36.000 7.200.000
4,8 set 1 Grounding Protection Kit (Bak Grounding) 42.000.000 42.000.000

5 Peralatan Kerja dan Keselamatan Kerja

5,1 set 1 Tools set Mekanikal dan Elektrikal 7.143.000 7.143.000
5,2 set 1 APAR 2.858.000 2.858.000

Jumlah 2.495.177.720

Daftar Rekapitulasi Lokasi

URAIAN HARGA
Mata Pembayaran
Daftar 1 : Mata Pembayaran Umum 312.858.000
Daftar 2 : Mata Pembayaran Pekerjaan Mekanikal Elektrikal 2.495.177.720
JUMLAH (Daftar 1 + 2) 2.808.035.720
TOTAL NILAI 2.808.035.720
PPN 10% 280.803.572
GRAND TOTAL 3.088.839.292
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CHAPTER 5 : THE CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION

5.1. Verification
Has been verified of area, grid, transportation access, and total loads on site.

5.2. Feasibility Study

Has been done feasibility study such as calculation of energy production on solar power plant on site,
calculation of total energy needed by loads, and appropriateness of solar power plant location. From
several reviews, it can be concluded that solar power plant on grid is decent to build up. Telah
dilaksanakan studi kelayakan berupa perhitungan produksi energi di lokasi PLTS On Grid, perhitungan
jumlah energi yang dibutuhkan beban, dan kelayakan lahan lokasi PLTS On Grid. Dari beberapa tinjauan
tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa PLTS On Grid pada Lokasi layak untuk dibangun.

5.3. The Detail Of Engineering Design

Has been written the recommendation of DED solar power plant on grid 620 KWP as a determinations
consideration of Bill Of Material System.

5.4. Recommendation
In order to make solar power plant on grid functionate optimally, there are several recommendation to
consider :

a. Capacity of solar power plant is around 20% ~ 30% from the connected load power of PLN.
b. Making report and installation permission for PLN parties. If export is neccessary.