Assignment 1 MEC251 (Chapter 1, 2 & 3 – Refer to course outline)

Theory (Chapter 1)

1. Explain 1st law of thermodynamic in a general statement.

2. Give definition of property, state and process and explain how these terms are
used to explain compression and expansion process in the system. Include
diagrams in the explanation.
3. List equations for work boundary in a tabular form for the corresponding
thermodynamic processes: Constant volume, constant pressure, constant
temperature, polytrophic and adiabatic. Also, differentiate work boundary equation
between gas and water/refrigerant in the table.
4. Explain forms of energy crossing boundary of closed system and relate these
energies to the 1st law of thermodynamics until the final non-flow energy equation
(NFEE) is derived.

Theory (Chapter 2)
1. Explain five (5) phases of water in a series of sequential diagrams. Take saturation
pressure for water at 1 atm.
2. Write an equation for property in the saturation region (mixture region).
3. Write an equation for property by interpolation method.
4. Explain a list of steps to determine the condition of the state either in the
compressed liquid, saturated liquid, mixture, saturated vapor or superheated phase.

Theory (Chapter 3)
1. List down steady flow devices that are commonly used in the thermodynamics
applications systems.
2. Write a general steady flow energy equation (SFEE) for analysing all devices
operating under steady state.
Calculation (Chapter 1 & 2)

1. A piston-cylinder device contains 2 kg of Refrigerant-134a. Initially, the refrigerant

is saturated vapor at 1.4MPa. Then, the refrigerant undergoes an isobaric
condensation process until the last drop of refrigerant becomes a liquid.
Find the work done (kJ) during this process.
2. Nitrogen gas in a vessel undergoes the following processes:

Process 1-2: Isothermal compression from P1=800kPa, V1=0.08m3 to

P2=3200kPa, V2=0.02m3.

Process 2-3: Polytrophic expansion with PV1.5=constant, back to its original

volume.

Sketch the processes on a P-v diagram and determine:

i) final pressure during expansion process (kPa), and

ii) total work done (kJ).

Calculation (Chapter 3)

1. Exhaust nozzle of a jet engine expands air at 300kPa, 200 0C and 100m/s
adiabatically to the atmosphere where the pressure is 100kPa and temperature of
40 0C. The exit area of the nozzle is 0.05m2. Assume the process is isentropic and
the effect of potential energy is negligible.
Find exit velocity (m/s) and mass flow rate of the air (kg/s).

(Given that specific heat, Cp=1.005kJ/kg.K, Cv=0.718kJ/kg.K, specific gas constant,

R=0.287kJ/kg.K and specific heat ratio, k=1.4)

Guideline:

1) Binding type: Just use stapler (No need for tape binding).
2) Dateline: 15 April 2018.
3) Submit with entrance survey.