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Nevada Mineral Exploration Coalition

The Voice of Nevada Exploration

February 28, 2018

To the Attention of Washoe County Commissioners and Staff:

Marsha Berkbigler, District 1 Commissioner


Bob Lucey, District 2 Commissioner
Kitty Jung, District 3 Commissioner
Vaughn Hartung, District 4 Commissioner
Jeanne Herman, District 5 Commissioner
John Slaughter, Washoe County Manager
Jamie Rodriguez, Management Analyst-Government Affairs

Dear Commissioners, County Manager and Ms. Rodriguez,

The Nevada Mineral Exploration Coalition (NMEC) would like to take this opportunity to provide you
with supplemental information and data in support of our recommendations for disposal of the WSA’s in
Washoe County. Northern Washoe County is the home to a number of historic as well as some new
mineral districts. The districts are listed below along with the names of known mines, commodities and
the WSA they are affected by (Table1). We believe that Wilderness areas should not be designated on
top of, or in proximity to any known or newly recognized mining district or area of historical mineral
production.

We would like to point out that changes in Exploration technology and the demand for new mineral
resources (lithium and rare earth minerals to name a few) also have an impact on the WSA’s. Remote
sensing and satellite imagery now allow us to identify mineral alteration (which can point toward mineral
deposits) in areas previously not recognized. Changes in commodity values also make certain areas
more prospective and economic now and in the future.

NMEC is also concerned about the recommendation of certain Lands with Wilderness Characteristics
(LWC) for Wilderness designation, specifically the Granite-Banjo and Burro Mountain. We believe that
no LWC lands should be made into Wilderness areas. This relatively new designation does not
consider the mineral resources of these areas in a methodical and scientific manner, nor have these
LWC lands been studied for their past, current and future mineral potential. Furthermore, we would
urge the County to add language into the bill that abolishes the LWC designation for all public lands in
Washoe County.

No lands other than WSA’s should be considered for wilderness classification.

We are also asking that four areas currently located in the Sheldon Wildlife Refuge and the High Rock
Complex Wilderness areas be released from those designations and made available for multiple uses
including mineral exploration. A part of the Sheldon Wildlife Refuge covers most of the Lone Pine
Mining District (see Massacre Rim). Two additional areas are located at the north and southwest ends
of the High Complex Wilderness areas (see attached map). These areas have significant gold
occurrences (MRDS data) as well as large areas of alteration identified from satellite imagery. We
believe these areas have significant potential for the discovery of Hog Ranch type Gold deposits.

Table 1
Mining Districts of Northern Washoe County

Mining District WSA/Wilderness Mines Commodities


Lone Pine Massacre Rim prospects and drilling gold, mercury, uranium
Silver Fox
antimony, lead, zinc,
Modoc Mine
Fox Range copper, nickel, mercury,
Cottonwood District Rodeo Canyon
Pole Creek molybdenum, gold and
Wild Horse Mine
silver
Sano Consolidated
Mountain View
Silver Bell gold, silver, tungsten,
Deep Hole Granite/Banjo (LWC) Mountain View Tungsten lead, copper and
Copper King titanium
Cottonwood Creek

Perlite, clay, zeolite,


Sheephead Dry Valley Rim Prospects, mine workings sodium chloride,
sodium sulfate and gold

High Rock Complex


Wall Canyon
Hog Ranch Hog Ranch gold
Massacre Rim
Buffalo Hills
High Rock-Yellow
High Rock Complex Prospects, mine workings gold
Hills

Individual one page summaries are presented below with comments on mineral and energy potential as
well as a listing of other factors which would disqualify the WSA’s for full Wilderness designation.

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Buffalo Hills WSA CA-020-619
(46,143 acres non-suitable and 0 acres suitable1)

Mineral and Energy Characteristics:

 A one-mile wide caldera “Hole in the Wall” in the east central part of the area is prospective
for precious metal (gold) deposits.
 This is a Hog Ranch type gold target. Basalt flows in the area cover the same host rocks
that are found at Hog Ranch8.
 The Hog Ranch Mine located 36 miles to the northeast is located on the flank of the
Cottonwood Volcanic Center8.
 Hog Ranch Produced 300,000 ounces of gold from the mid 1980’s to mid1990’s8.
 Aster Satellite imagery shows anomalies for hydrothermal silica (silicification-quartz veining)
alteration, argillic (clay) alteration, phyllic alteration, propylitic (epidote-chlorite) alteration
and carbonate (calcite-dolomite) alteration.

Other Non-Suitable Characteristics:

 Manmade improvements in the area include: 10 stock ponds, 5 developed springs, 9 miles
of fence and 26 miles of motor vehicle access ways.
 The area is a popular hunting destination and vehicle travel from this activity will affect
opportunities for solitude. Military flight routes go over the area also affecting opportunities
for solitude.
 The open terrain along the north, west and south boundaries will make it difficult to control
vehicle entry. The nine miles of cherry-stemmed roads and 26 miles of ways would require
a field presence to enforce closure.

Recommendation:

 Release all 46,143 acres for uses other than Wilderness as recommended in the 1991 BLM
Record of Decision1. The mineral potential, manmade imprints and manageability factors
make the area non-suitable for Wilderness designation.

Maps: (Map with Mineral/Energy Inventory and Potential is in-progress and will be delivered when
completed.)

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Dry Valley Rim CA-020-615
(31,505 acres non-suitable and 44,560 acres suitable1)

Mineral and Energy Characteristics:

 The Sheephead Mining District is located inside and along the eastern edge of the area11. A
perlite deposit located in section 25 T29N, R18E is reported by the BLM4. They note that
additional clay may be present inside the WSA boundaries.
 The BLM reports in its assessment of the area that 17,400 acres in the southern portion of
the WSA has geothermal potential4. The Wendel Known Geothermal Resource Area
(KGRA) is located only 15 miles east of the WSA.
 Aster Satellite imagery shows anomalies for hydrothermal silica (silicification-quartz veining)
alteration, argillic (clay) alteration, phyllic alteration, propylitic (epidote-chlorite) alteration
and carbonate (calcite-dolomite) alteration.

Other Non-Suitable Characteristics:

 The Sierra Army depot is located only 2 miles southwest of the WSA. Explosions/noise from
the depot adversely affect the naturalness of the area.
 Six miles of cherry-stem roads and 47 miles of ways also diminish the naturalness of the
area.
 Hunting use in the area is estimated at 3,600 visitor days per year by the BLM
 OHV use is estimated at 400 visitor days per year by the BLM.

Recommendation:

 Follow the 1991 BLM Record of Decision1 recommendation and release 31,505 acres in
Nevada for uses other than Wilderness. Do not allow any Wilderness designation on top of
the Sheephead mining district.

Maps: (Map with Mineral/Energy Inventory and Potential is in-progress and will be delivered when
completed.)

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Fox Range WSA NV-020-014
(75,404 acres non-suitable and 0 acres suitable1)

Mineral and Energy Characteristics:

 The area has had geothermal as well as oil and gas leases in the past.
 The Cottonwood Mining District11 covers the entire WSA. The BLM reported in the 1991
Wilderness Report and 2001 Wilderness Notebook3 that 9,800 acres rated high for metallic
mineral potential and 25,600 acres rated moderate. 14,000 acres rated high for geothermal
potential and 11,800 acres rated moderate.
 Historic Mines in the district include: Silver Fox, Modoc, Rodeo Canyon, Wild Horse and
Sano Consolidated11.
 The district has historic production of gold, silver, antimony, lead, zinc, copper, nickel,
mercury and molybdenum11.
 The Wind Mountain Gold Deposit located 5 miles to the east of the WSA was mined in
1989-1999 by AMAX Gold15. They produced nearly 300,000 ounces of gold and over 1.7
million ounces of silver. Similar deposits are likely in the Fox Range WSA.
 Satellite imagery shows many color anomalies (bleaching and Iron) interpreted to be
hydrothermal alteration. This type of alteration is associated with mineral deposits.
 Aster Satellite imagery shows anomalies for hydrothermal silica (silicification-quartz veining)
alteration, argillic (clay) alteration, phyllic alteration, propylitic (epidote-chlorite) alteration
and carbonate (calcite-dolomite) alteration.
 Mineral Resource Data System (MRDS) data show precious and base metal anomalies
throughout the area.

Other Non-Suitable Characteristics:

 Manmade imprints in the area include: 8.5 miles of roads and 18.4 miles of ways. Six
developed springs, one reservoir and one fence are also present. The Western Pacific
Railroad runs along the northern and western boundaries of the area and is both visible and
audible from areas within the WSA detracting from the naturalness of the area.
 There are no unique recreational draws within this study area.
 13,000 acres of this area are accessible to off-road vehicles which will create manageability
issues.
 There are also 400 acres of private inholdings. Development of these parcels is not
consistent with wilderness designation for this area.

Recommendation:

 Release all 75,404 acres for uses other than Wilderness as recommended in the 1991 BLM
Record of Decision1. In this WSA the mineral/energy potential outweighs the Wilderness
resources.

Maps: (Map with Mineral/Energy Inventory and Potential is included in Data Package)

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Massacre Rim WSA CA-020-1013
(78,825 acres non-suitable and 22,465 acres suitable1)

Mineral and Energy Characteristics:

 The Lone Pine Mining District (gold, silver and mercury) is located along the northern
boundary of this WSA11. The U.S. Geological Survey found the area to have moderate
potential for the discovery of significant mineral deposits.
 The host rocks found throughout the Lone Pine Mining District extend to the south under
post mineral Basalt cover. Hog ranch type gold deposits may be hidden beneath the basalt.
Numerous historical mine workings on gold mineralized lands within the Lone Pine Mining
District need to be studied for future mineral potential.
 Our study of satellite imagery shows significant color anomalies (bleaching and iron oxides)
that may correlate with areas of hydrothermal alteration. These areas are present along the
northern boundary of the WSA and continue to the south under post-mineral basalt cover.
 Aster Satellite imagery show anomalies for propylitic alteration throughout the area.
 Favorable settings for deposits of lithium exist along the northwest and south-central parts of
the WSA

Other Non-Suitable Characteristics:

 The western two-thirds of the WSA have numerous man made incursions consisting of dirt
roads, stock ponds and fences. Ranching/grazing uses will continue to impact the area
detracting from a natural character. Maintenance of stock ponds and fences will continue to
impact the area.
 Opportunities for solitude are limited due to the gentle terrain and sparse and low
vegetation.
 The area does not have outstanding opportunities for primitive and unconfined recreation
due to the lack of resources used by primitive hikers and campers. There are no distinctive
topography or vegetation features and no dependable water.
 The western and southern parts of this area will be difficult to manage due to the dense two
track road network and the open rolling terrain. It is likely that vehicles will travel cross-
country in this area and is not preventable

Recommendation:

 Release a minimum of 78,825 acres following the BLM 1991 Record of Decision1
recommendation (see map). The mineral potential of the area outweighs the wilderness
characteristics. A small portion of the Sheldon Wildlife Refuge that was placed over the
entire Lone Pine Mining District is recommended to be released and opened-up to mineral
exploration and multiple use.

Maps: (Map with Mineral/Energy Inventory and Potential is included in Data Package)

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Pole Creek NV-020-014A
(12,969 acres non-suitable and 0 acres suitable1)

Mineral and Energy Characteristics:

 The BLM states in its 2001 Wilderness Study Handbook that 3,400 acres of the area are
rated high for metallic mineral potential and 9,569 acres are rated moderate.
 The Sano Mine is located in this area.
 Satellite imagery shows color anomalies (bleaching and iron) in the area. These are
indicators of hydrothermal alteration which accompanies mineral deposits.
 Aster data shows large anomalies for hydrothermal silica (silicification-quartz veining)
alteration, argillic (clay) alteration.
 This WSA is adjacent to the Fox Range WSA and has a similar geology. The area has high
potential for deposits of gold, silver, antimony, lead, zinc, copper, nickel, mercury and
molybdenum.
 3,700 acres are rated moderate for geothermal potential.

Other Non-Suitable Characteristics:

 Manmade imprints on the area include seven miles of fence, two vehicle ways totaling 2.4
miles and two developed springs.
 Railroad tracks run along the western boundary and are visible and audible from within the
WSA.
 The area is in a military flyway which will affect solitude.
 Grandfathered mining claims bordering the area along Pole creek could be developed which
would affect the Wilderness character of the area.
 Vehicle ways allow for easy accessibility for OHV use and will negatively impact
manageability.

Recommendation:

 Release all 12,969 acres for uses other than wilderness as recommended in the 1991 BLM
Record of Decision1. The mineral potential of the area outweighs the wilderness resources.

Maps: (Map with Mineral/Energy Inventory and Potential is included in Data Package)

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Poodle Mountain WSA NV-020-012
(142,050 acres non-suitable and 0 acres suitable1)

Mineral and Energy Characteristics:

 Our studies of satellite imagery show significant color anomalies on the east side of the
area. The bleaching and iron staining may correlate with areas of hydrothermal alteration
which is associated with mineral deposits.
 Aster satellite data show anomalies for: scattered hydrothermal silica (silicification-quartz
veining) alteration, argillic (clay) alteration, phyllic alteration, propylitic (epidote-chlorite)
alteration and carbonate (calcite-dolomite) alteration.

Non-Suitable Characteristics:

 Significant man made improvements largely related to ranching and grazing activities
detract from the naturalness of the area.
 14 developed springs, 23 reservoirs, six fences (27 miles), a pipeline, water trough and two
corrals were identified during the BLM inventory of the area.
 63 ways totaling 76.9 miles of roadway cross-cut and provide important access to the area
for ranching, hunting, and OHV use.
 Opportunities for solitude are negatively impacted due to the main north-south road that cuts
into the interior of the area. Military training routes are also present over the area and will
negatively impact solitude.
 Manageability of the area will be difficult due to the main access road and 76.9 miles of
ways providing easy accessibility for OHV’s

Recommendation:

 Release all 142,050 acres for uses other than Wilderness as recommended in the 1991
BLM Record of Decision1. Mineral deposits may be present in the altered areas identified
from satellite imagery. Range improvements related to ranching/grazing activities have
impacted the area to such a degree that is does not qualify as wilderness. The area will
also be difficult to manage due to the extensive road network which must remain in place to
allow access for ranching, hunting and OHV use.

Maps: (Map with Mineral/Energy Inventory and Potential is in-progress and will be delivered when
completed.)

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Granite-Banjo Proposed Wilderness
(38,044 acres non-suitable and 0 acres suitable)

Mineral and Energy Characteristics:

 The proposed wilderness overlaps the southern portion of the Deep Hole Mining District11. In
their 1985 mineral inventory7, Bonham, Garside, and others reported on The Mountain View
Mine, Silver Bell Mine, Mountain View Tungsten Prospect, Copper King Prospect and
Cottonwood Creek Prospects – all in the Deephole Mining District.
 The older deposits in the area are of the contact metamorphic type; this type of deposit
forms at the boundary between the granodiorite intrusive rocks and the surrounding country
rock. This contact zone must be preserved for future exploration and development.
 Modern exploration has been conducted in the area since the mid 1980’s.
 MRDS data show occurrences of: gold, silver and industrial minerals.
 Significant color anomalies have been identified from satellite imagery. These areas can
host mineral deposits.
 Aster satellite data shows large, wide spread anomalies for: hydrothermal silica
(silicification-quartz veining) alteration, argillic (clay) alteration, phyllic alteration, propylitic
(epidote-chlorite) alteration and carbonate (calcite-dolomite) alteration.
 The Mountain View Gold Property is located along the west flank of the proposed
wilderness. This is a different type of deposit hosted in younger volcanic rocks 12. The
deposit is localized along a range front fault structure. All range front faults in the area
represent gold targets.
 Vista Gold reported a drill indicated gold resources for the Mountain View Gold Property of
473,000 ounces in 200214. This deposit is just waiting for a more favorable gold price to go
into production. The presence of a wilderness in close proximity to this deposit will
negatively affect mining company’s willingness to put it into production. A wilderness
designation for this area will prevent development and expansion of existing resources and
discovery of new deposits.

Other Non-Suitable Characteristics:

 This area is designated as Lands with Wilderness Characteristics (LWC) by the BLM but is
not a WSA and has not been studied and evaluated by that process.
 No lands other than WSA’s should be considered for wilderness classification.

Recommendation:

 Do not designate this area as Wilderness. The area has never been a WSA and has not
gone through the appropriate scientific evaluation processes. The area also overlaps a
significant mining district and would limit or curtail economic development of projects in this
region.

Maps: (Map with Mineral/Energy Inventory and Potential is included in Data Package)

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Selenite Mountains WSA NV-020-200
(1,322 acres non-suitable and 0 acres suitable1)

Mineral and Energy Characteristics:

 The BLM 2001 Wilderness Study Notebook reports 25% of this area has moderate and 25%
of this area has high geothermal values5.
 The BLM handbook also states that 40% of the area has moderate mineral values.
 The significant outside sights and sounds of an active gypsum mine affect the area.

Recommendation:

 Release all 1,322 acres in Washoe County for uses other than Wilderness as recommended
in the 1991BLM Record of Decision.

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Sheldon Contiguous WSA CA-020-1012
(22,952 acres Non-Suitable and 748 acres Suitable1)

Mineral and Energy Characteristics:

 Studies of the area by the U.S. Geological Survey and the U.S. Bureau of Mines suggest
that the area may contain concealed mineral deposits6.
 Flat lying, post-mineral basalt flows in the area may be covering mineral deposits.
 Advancements in exploration technology may lead to new discoveries in the area. There is
potential for lithium deposits along the northwest edge of the WSA as well.
 One area of alteration is noted along the southwest margin of the WSA.
 Aster satellite data shows scattered propylitic (epidote-chlorite) alteration and google earth
imagery review suggest good potential for lithium deposits within and along the northwest
portion of the WSA.

Non-Suitable Characteristics:

 The area is primarily used for ranching/grazing, hunting and OHV travel. As such many two
track dirt roads and stock ponds cross-cut and dot the landscape, detracting from the
naturalness of the area.
 Opportunities for solitude are limited due to the gentle terrain and sparse, low vegetation.
 The area does not have outstanding opportunities for primitive and unconfined recreation
due to the lack of resources used by primitive hikers and campers. There is no distinctive
topography or vegetational features and no dependable water.
 The area will be difficult to manage due to the open rolling terrain. Cross-country travel in
the area is likely using the existing two track road network and the two “cherry-stem” roads.

Recommendation:

 22,952 acres should be released following the BLM 1991 Record of Decision1
recommendation (See Map). Mineral deposits may be hidden below post mineral basalt
cover.

Maps: (Map with Mineral/Energy Inventory and Potential is in-progress and will be delivered when
completed.)

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Skedaddle CA-020-0612
(0 acres non-suitable and 160 acres suitable1)

Non-Suitable Characteristics:

 Only 160 acres of this wilderness are located in Nevada so the area does not meet the
5,000 acre threshold for Wilderness.

Recommendation:

 The BLM found the 160 acres in Nevada to be suitable. However, this area is below the
5,000 acre threshold for a wilderness area and should be released for uses other than
Wilderness.

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Twin Peaks WSA CA-020-619A
(20,015 acres non-suitable and 47,270 acres suitable)

Mineral and Energy Characteristics:

 Our studies of satellite imagery show significant color anomalies on the southwest and
northeast sides of the area. The bleaching and iron staining may correlate with areas of
hydrothermal alteration which is associated with mineral deposits.
 Aster satellite data shows a strong hydrothermal silica anomaly in the northeast portion of
this WSA and scattered carbonate alteration anomalies through-out the WSA.

Non-Suitable Characteristics:

 Manmade features in the area include 9 miles of fence, 2 stock ponds, 8 developed springs,
1 well with windmill, 38 miles of access ways.
 A ½ mile long dirt airstrip is located on the southwest edge.
 Periodic overflights by military aircraft will affect solitude.

Recommendation:

 Release a minimum of 20,015 acres for uses other than Wilderness in Nevada. Do not
designate any wilderness over identified mineral or energy resources.

Maps: (Map with Mineral/Energy Inventory and Potential is in-progress and will be delivered when
completed.)

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Wall Canyon WSA CA-020-805
(46,305 acres non-suitable and 0 acres suitable1)

Mineral and Energy Characteristics:

 Our studies of satellite imagery show significant color anomalies on the west, east and south
sides of the area. The bleaching and iron staining may correlate with areas of hydrothermal
alteration which is associated with mineral deposits. a strong southeast trending zone of
intense hydrothermal alteration that may extend through the central portion of this WSA and
may be associated with the Hog Ranch Deposit mineralized system.
 The Hog Ranch Gold Mine is located 17 miles east of the WSA. The Hog Ranch mine
produced 300,000 ounces of gold from 1986-19958. The mine is located in the ring fracture
system of the Cottonwood Volcanic Center. This volcanic center extends west into the Wall
Canyon WSA. We believe Hog Ranch type gold deposits could be found in the Wall
Canyon WSA.
 Aster data shows: a zone of argillic alteration along the same southeast trending digitized
alteration from google earth and scattered carbonate alteration.

Non-Suitable Characteristics:

 A significant manmade imprint consisting of 57 miles of two-track roads (our digitizing off
satellite imagery), 13 reservoirs, 11 developed springs and 24 miles of fence line (12 miles
follow bladed lines) detract from the natural character of the landscape in this WSA.
 We believe the area has only limited opportunities for primitive and unconfined recreation.
Opportunities for solitude are also impacted due to the presence of well-developed
boundary roads which ranchers, hunters and OHV users can travel on and enter the area
easily.
 The southern part of the WSA will be difficult to manage due to flat sloping topography with
low growing vegetation. The northern part with significant private inholdings will also be
difficult to manage if the owners improve their access roads.

Recommendation:

 Release all 46,305 acres for uses other than wilderness as recommended in the 1991 BLM
Record of Decision1. The mineral potential of the area outweighs the wilderness values.
 The BLM recognized that Wall Canyon differs little from the surrounding region. They also
indicate that nearby WSA’s have higher values for wildlife observation, hiking, sightseeing,
and non-motorized hunting. The high density of two track roads and trails and heavy
ranching use are also factors in favor of releasing this area.

Maps: (Map with Mineral/Energy Inventory and Potential is in-progress and will be delivered when
completed.)

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Lone Pine and High Rock Canyon-Yellow Hills Release Areas

Lone Pine Mining District Release Request

 A part of the Sheldon Wildlife Refuge covers most of the Lone Pine Mining District (see
Massacre Rim map and the Massacre Rim WSA description earlier in this letter).
 The Lone Pine Mining District (gold, silver and mercury) is located along the northern
boundary of the Massacre Rim WSA11. The U.S. Geological Survey found the area to have
moderate potential for the discovery of significant mineral deposits.
 Hog ranch type mineral deposits may be present in this area.
 Our study of satellite imagery show significant color anomalies (bleaching and iron oxides)
that may correlate with areas of hydrothermal alteration.
 MRDS data show anomalies for: gold-silver and mercury mineralization.
 Aster data show anomalies for: hydrothermal silica, argillic, phyllic and carbonate alteration
anomalies.

Recommendation: A small portion of the Sheldon Wildlife Refuge that was placed over the entire Lone
Pine Mining District is recommended to be released and opened-up to mineral exploration and multiple
use.

High Rock Wilderness Complex Release Request

 Two areas with high mineral potential are located at the north and southwest ends of the
High Rock Complex Wilderness areas (see High Rock-Yellow Hills map).
 These areas have significant gold occurrences and numerous mine workings (MRDS data)
 Large areas of alteration have been identified from satellite imagery.
 Aster data show anomalies for: very extensive hydrothermal silica, argillic, phyllic and
propylitic alteration anomalies.
 We believe these areas have significant potential for the discovery of Hog Ranch type gold
deposits.

Recommendation: A small portion of the Black Rock National Conservation Lands and portions of the
High Rock wilderness lands are recommended to be released and opened-up to mineral exploration
and multiple use.

Maps: (Map with Mineral/Energy Inventory and Potential is included in Data Package)

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Summary

Significant mineral and energy resources exist throughout northern Washoe County. Advances in
exploration technology and techniques make it possible that we will find additional deposits in the
future. Any area with identified mineral resources should not be placed in Wilderness status. We need
to leave these areas open which will allow for economic development in these rural areas.

Sincerely,

Elizabeth Zbinden, Vice-President of Nevada Mineral Explorlation Coalition, Public Lands


Committee, and Washoe County Resident

Tom Callicrate, NMEC Public Lands Committee and Washoe County Resident

Kevin M. Conway, NMEC Public Lands Comittee and Washoe County Resident

References

1. Nevada BLM Statewide Wilderness Report, October 1991 Record of Decision. (12 pages)
Available as of January 28, 2018 at: https://archive.org/details/nevadablmstatewi5686unit

2. Nevada BLM Statewide Wilderness Report, October 1991 Volume 1 Wilderness Study
Overview (20 pages) Available as of Jan 28, 2018 at:
https://archive.org/details/nevadablmstatewi01unit

3. Nevada BLM Statewide Wilderness Report, October 1991 Volume III: Winnemucca District
(220 pages) Available as of Jan 28, 2018 at:
https://archive.org/details/nevadablmstatewi5678unit

4. Nevada BLM Statewide Wilderness Report, October 1991 Volume VII: Nevada Lands
Managed by Susanville, CA. District (116 pages) Available as of Jan 28, 2018 at:
https://archive.org/details/nevadablmstatewi5683unit

5. Nevada Wilderness Study Area Notebook, Winnemucca Field Office, April 2001 (306 pages)
Available as of Jan 28, 2018 at https://archive.org/details/nevadawilderness03unit

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6. Nevada Wilderness Study Area Notebook, Surprise Field Office, October 2000 (164 pages)
Available as of Jan 28, 2018 at https://archive.org/details/nevadawilderness02unit

7. Deephole District, in NBMG Open-File Report 85-3: A Mineral Inventory of the Paradise-
Denio and Sonoma-Gerlach Resource Areas, Winnemucca District, Nevada, by HF Bonham
Jr., LJ Garside, RB Jones, KG Papke, J Quade, and JV Tingley. Prepared for United States
Department of the Interior Bureau of Land Management Winnemucca District Office, JV
Tingley Principal Investigator and J Quade, Research Associate. (473 pages) Available as of
Jan 28, 2018 at: http://pubs.nbmg.unr.edu/Min-invent-Paradise-Denio-Sonom-p/of1985-03.htm

8. Bussey, Steven D. , 1995, Gold mineralization and associated rhyolitic volcanism at the
Hog Ranch Mine, Northwest Nevada:GSN symposium proceedings, Geology and ore deposits
of the American Cordillera.

9. Drossulis, Kim, 1988, Geology of the Hog Ranch Mine, Washoe Co., NV: in GSN 1988
Spring Field Trip Guidebook.

10. Western Mining History website: https://westernmininghistory.com/mine_detail/10310380/

11. Bonham, Harold F., 1969, Geology and Mineral Deposits of Washoe and Storey Counties,
Nevada: Nevada Bureau of Mines and Geology, Bulletin 70, 140 pages.

12. Western Mining history website: https://westernmininghistory.com/mine_detail/10310432/

13. Margolis, Jacob, Marlow, Karl, 1996, Middle Miocene, selenide-rich low sulfidation,
epithermal gold mineralization, Mountain View District, northwestern Nevada, Abstracts with
Programs- Geological Society of America, vol.28, no.7, pp93.

14. Vista Gold Website, 2004

15. Bravada gold Corporation website, Wind Mountain Project:


http://www.bravadagold.com/en/projects/wind-mountain-project/index.php

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