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r Prevents the reactive power exchange between L 1(2) and CPV during the zero voltage state,
thus increasing efficiency.
r Isolates the PV module from the grid during the zero voltage state, thus eliminating the
high-frequency content of VPE .
The switching states for positive and negative generated AC currents are depicted in
Figure 2.8.
The main features of this converter are:
r S1–S4 and S2–S3 are switched at high frequency and S+ (S−) at grid frequency.
r Two zero output voltage states are possible: S+ = on and S− = on (providing the bridge is
switched off).
Advantages:
r Voltage across the filter is unipolar (0 → +VPV → 0 → −VPV → 0), yielding lower core
losses.
r Higher efficiency of up to 97 % is due to no reactive power exchange between L 1(2) and CPV
during zero voltage and to lower frequency switching in one leg.
r VPE has only a grid frequency component and no switching frequency components, yielding
very low leakage current and EMI.
D1 D3
S1 S3
VPV L1
S+ D− L
Vg
CPV
D+ S− L2 N
D2 D4
S2 S4
VPE
PV Array Filter HERIC FB inverter Filter Grid PV Array Filter HERIC FB inverter Filter Grid
PV Array Filter HERIC FB inverter Filter Grid PV Array Filter HERIC FB inverter Filter Grid
D1 D3 VAB = 0 D1 D3 VAB = 0
VPV S1 S3 VPV S1 S3 L1
L1
A A
S+ D+ Vg L S+ D+ Vg L
CPV CPV
D− S − L2 D− S− L
N 2 N
B B
D2 D4 D2 D4
S2 S4 S2 S4
VPE Vg > 0. S1 and S4 = OFF. S + and D- = ON VPE Vg < 0. S2 and S3 = OFF. S- and D+ = ON
S5 and S4 are switched at high frequency. S+ is switched at line frequency S2 and S3 are switched at high frequency. S- is switched at line frequency
(a) (b)
Figure 2.8 The switching states of the HERIC inverter in the case of generating: (a) positive current
and (b) negative current
Drawbacks:
Remark:
The behavior of HERIC and H5 are quite similar as both realize the decoupling of the PV
generator from the grid during the zero voltage state on the AC side and DC side respectively.
They both use two switches switched at high frequency and one switched at grid frequency,
and H5 has three switches conducting at the same time, while HERIC has only two.