Beam Number 6658

Maximum Bending moment 297.194 kNm

at the face of the column, Mz
Maximum Shear Force, Vu 172.579 kN
fck 25 N/mm2
fy 500 N/mm2
Breadth of Beam 230 mm
Depth of Beam 600 mm
The limiting value of moment of resistance of the section is:
Assume 20 mm ɸ bar and 25mm cover
Effective Depth,
D 600-(25+20/2)
565mm
Xulim 0.46×d
0.46×565 = 259.9 mm
Refer IS 456 page 96
MUlim 𝑋𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥 𝑋𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥
0.36 × (1 − 0.42 × ) × b𝑑 2 f𝑐𝑘
𝑑 𝑑

0.36 × 0.46(1 − 0.42 × 0.46) × 230 × 5652 × 25

245.2398 kNm
Mu>MUlim
Section is doubly reinforced
To find Ast1
MUlim 𝑋𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥 ×𝑓𝑦
0.87×fy×Ast1×d×(1 − )
𝑏×𝑑×𝑓𝑐𝑘

245.239×106 𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥
0.87 × 500 × 𝐴st1 × 565 × (1 − 230×565×30 )
𝑋 ×500

996.84 3248750−𝐴st1 ×500

𝐴st1 × ( )
3248750

𝐴st1 1229.49 mm2

Section with Compression Reinforcement:

When the Ultimate Moment of resistance of section exceeds the limiting value, MUlim
Compression reinforcement is obtained from the following equation
 MU-MUlim fsc× Asc(d-d′)
d′ cover+ɸ/2
25+20/2
35mm
(297.194-245.398)×106 fsc× Asc(565-35)

fsc× Asc 51.96×106

530

98.026 ×103
From IS-456,Clause 38.1

Ast2 𝑓𝑠𝑐 ×𝐴𝑠𝑐

0.87×𝑓𝑦

98.026 ×103
0.87×500

225.34 mm2
fsc-Design stress in compression reinforcement corresponding to a strain εsc

εsc 0.0035(𝑋𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥 −𝑑′ )

𝑋𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥

From IS456 – Pg 70
𝑋𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥 0.46
𝑑

𝑋𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥 0.46 × 𝑑
𝑋𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥 259.9 mm
εsc 0.0035(𝑋𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥 −𝑑′ )
𝑋𝑢𝑚𝑎𝑥

εsc 0.0035(259.9−35)
259.9

εsc 0.0031
fsc εsc× Es ≤ 0.87×fy
εsc× 2×105≤ 0.87×500
605.74 ≤ 435 N/mm2
 Asc 𝐴𝑠𝑡2 ×0.87×𝑓𝑦
𝑓𝑠𝑐
225.34×0.87×500
435

225.34 N/mm2
Ast Ast1+Ast2
1229.49+225.34
1454.83 mm2
Adopt 20mm ɸ as bottom reinforcement bar
Ast 1229.49 mm2
Number of bars 1229.49
314.15

3.913
Provide 4 # 20 mm ɸ bar as bottom reinforcement

Adopt 20mm ɸ as top reinforcement bar

Ast 225.34 mm2
Number of bars 225.34
314.15

0.717
Provide 2 # 20 mm ɸ bar as top reinforcement

Since 50% of Ast should be provided as Asc

Provide 2 # 20 ɸ as top reinforcement
Check for shear :

𝛕v 𝑉𝑢
𝑏×𝑑
172.58×103
230×565

1.328
Pt 100×𝐴𝑠𝑡
𝑏×𝑑
100×6×314.15
230×565

1.45
From Table 19, IS 456 Page 73

1.25 0.71
 1.5 0.76
1.45 0.75

𝛕v >𝛕c

Shear Reinforcement Required

Vus 𝑉𝑢 − 𝜏𝑐 × 𝑏 × 𝑑
172.58×103-0.75×230×565
75.117 kN
Using 8 mm ɸ two legged stirrup
Vus 0.87×2×𝑓𝑦 ×𝐴𝑠𝑣 ×𝑑
𝑆𝑣

Sv 𝜋×82
0.87×2×500×565×
4
75.117×103

328.92 mm
Provide 8mm ɸ 2 legged stirrups at 300 mm c/c as shear reinforcement.
Comparison of manually obtained Beam Design Results against BEAM DES Software
Slab

Span(Longer direction) 6.2 m

Span(shorterer direction) 3.735 m
Depth of Beam on which the 230 mm
slab is supported
Slab Thickness 150 mm
Clear cover 15 mm
Grade of concrete M 25
Grade of steel Fe 500
Solution
Effective depth,dx 8
150-15-2

131
Effective depth,dy 131-8
123
Clear span in longer direction, 6200-230
5970
Clear span in shorter direction, 3735-230
3505
From IS456 2000 Clause 22.2
Effective length should be
minimum of c/c distance
orclaer span +eff. Depth
In Ly direction 5.97+0.123 6.093m
Or
5.97+0.23 6.2 m
In Lx direction 3.505+0.106 3.611m
Or
3.505+0.23 3.735 m
Effective length in longer 6.093
direction ,Ly
Effective length in shorterer 3.611
direction ,Lx
Ly 1.687<2

Lx
 Hence the slab is designed as a
two way slab
Load clculations

Dead Load:
Self weight 0.15×25
3.75 kN/m2
Floor Finish 1 kN/m2
Total Dead load 4.75 kN/m2
Factored Load 7.125 kN/m2
Imposed Load:
Total Live load on slab 2 kN/m2
Factored Live Load 3 kN/m2
Total Factored load 10.125 kN/m2

Bending Moment Calculation

From IS456:2000 Cl.24.1 and D.1.1(page 9)

Type of panel Interior panel

α𝑥+𝑣𝑒 0.0439
α𝑥−𝑣𝑒 0.0582
α𝑦+𝑣𝑒 0.024

α𝑦−𝑣𝑒 0.032
Short Span
+ve moment at mid span,
M𝑥+𝑣𝑒
α𝑥+𝑣𝑒 × W𝑢 × 𝐿𝑥 2
0.0439×10.125×3.6112
5.795 kN/m2
-ve moment at mid span,
M𝑥−𝑣𝑒
α𝑥−𝑣𝑒 × W𝑢 × 𝐿𝑥 2
0.0582×10.125×3.6112
7.683 kN/m2
Long Span
+ve moment at mid span,
M𝑦+𝑣𝑒
α𝑦+𝑣𝑒 × W𝑢 × 𝐿𝑦2
0.024×10.125×3.6112
3.1685 kN/m2
-ve moment at mid span,
𝑀𝑦−𝑣𝑒
α𝑦−𝑣𝑒 × W𝑢 × 𝐿𝑦2
0.032×10.125×3.6112
4.224 kN/m2
Check for effective depth
MUlim 0.1336×fck×b×d2
0.1336×25×1000×1312
57.31 kNm > Muy & Mux
Hence the depth provided is adequate
Flexural Reinforcement Calculations

Short span direction

Positive Moment

R 𝑀𝑢
𝑓𝑐𝑘 ×𝑏×𝑑 2

5.795×106
1000×1312

0.3376

𝐴𝑠𝑡
𝑓𝑐𝑘 4.598×𝑅
𝑏×𝑑
2𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 𝑓𝑐𝑘
)

Ast 1000×131×25 4.598×0.3376

(1 − √1 − )
2×500 25

Ast 103.33 mm2

Minimum Ast 0.12% of effective area
0.0012×150×1000
180 mm2
ast
Spacing × 1000
Ast

π×82
4
180
× 1000

279.25 mm2

Provide 8 mm ɸ at 270 mm c/c.

Negative Moment

R 𝑀𝑢
𝑓𝑐𝑘 ×𝑏×𝑑 2

7.683×106
1000×1312

0.4477

𝐴𝑠𝑡
𝑓𝑐𝑘 4.598×𝑅
𝑏×𝑑
2𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 𝑓𝑐𝑘
)

Ast 1000×131×25 4.598×0.447

(1 − √1 − )
2×500 25

Ast 137.5 mm2

 Minimum Ast 0.12% of effective area
0.0012×150×1000
180 mm2
ast
Spacing × 1000
Ast

π×82
4
180
× 1000

279.25 mm2

Provide 8 mm ɸ at 270 mm c/c.

Long span direction

Positive Moment

R 𝑀𝑢
𝑓𝑐𝑘 ×𝑏×𝑑 2

3.1685×106
1000×1312

0.1846

𝐴𝑠𝑡
𝑓𝑐𝑘 4.598×𝑅
𝑏×𝑑
2𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 𝑓𝑐𝑘
)

Ast 1000×131×25 4.598×0.1846

(1 − √1 − )
2×500 25

Ast 56.07 mm2

Minimum Ast 0.12% of effective area
0.0012×150×1000
180 mm2
ast
Spacing × 1000
Ast

π×82
4
× 1000
180

279.25 mm2
Provide 8 mm ɸ at 270 mm c/c.

Negative Moment

R 𝑀𝑢
𝑓𝑐𝑘 ×𝑏×𝑑 2

4.224×106
1000×1312

0.2461

𝐴𝑠𝑡
𝑓𝑐𝑘 4.598×𝑅
𝑏×𝑑
2𝑓𝑦
(1 − √1 − 𝑓𝑐𝑘
)

Ast 1000×131×25 4.598×0.2461

(1 − √1 − )
2×500 25

Ast 74.975 mm2

Minimum Ast 0.12% of effective area
0.0012×150×1000
180 mm2
ast
Spacing × 1000
Ast

π×82
4
× 1000
180

279.25 mm2

Provide 8 mm ɸ at 270 mm c/c.

Check for deflection

L 6093
(d) 131
provided

46.51
𝐿
(as per IS 456:2000, 𝑑 = 26 )

Ast required 180mm2

Ast provided ast ×1000
spacing

251.3 mm2
 MF 1
Ast req b×d
0.225+0.00322(0.5×fy× )−0.625×log( )
Ast pro. 100×Ast pro.

1
180 1000×131
0.225+0.00322(0.5×500× )−0.625×log( )
251.3 100×251.3

2.83
L 2.83×26
( )
d max
L
73.58> (d)
provided

Hence Safe.
Staircase

Design of staircase

Waist slab type staircase

fck 25 N/mm2
fy 500 N/mm2
Riser (R) 150 mm
Tread (T) 300 mm

√R2 + T 2 335.41 mm2

Width of mid landing 1.2 m
Length of going 2.915 m
Effective Span 1.2+2.915+0.15
4.265 m
Assume,
Waist slab thickness 150 mm
Mid landing slab thickness 150 mm
Clear cover 20 mm
Diameter of main bar 12 mm
Effective depth of waist slab 150 – 20 – 6
124 mm

Load calculation

Waist slab type staircase

Self-weight of waist slab 25×0.15×335.41

300

4.192 kN/m2
Self-weight of step 20×0.15
2

1.5 kN/m2
Finishes 0.6 kN/m2
Live Load 2 kN/m2
Total Load 8.292 kN/m2
Factored Load 12.438 kN/m2
 Loads on landing slab

Self-weight of slab 25 × 0.15

3.75 kN/m2
Finishes 0.6 kN/m2
Live load 2 kN/m2
Total load 6.35 kN/m2
Factored load 9.525 kN/m2

Reactions

Reaction at B,RB 32.6 kN

Reaction at A,RA 29.38 kN
Maximum BM at X-X (2.10 m) 32.874 kNm

Design of Reinforcement

Main Reinforcement

Mu 32.874×106
bd2 1000×1242

2.13

From Sp 16 table 3 for Fe 500 steel and fck M25 concrete

2.10 0.542

2.15 0.557

2.13 0.567
 Ast 124
0.567 × 1000 × 1000

703.08 mm2
Assuming 12 mm ɸ bars as main reinforcement
Spacing of 12 mm ɸ bars 113.09×103
703.08

160.8 mm
Provide 12 mm ɸ bars at 160 mm c/c

Distribution Reinforcement
Ast 0.12×1000×150
100

180 mm2
Assuming 8 mm ɸ bars as distribution
reinforcement
Spacing 50.26×103
180

279.22 mm
Provide 8 mm ɸ bars at 200 mm c/c

Design of landing slab:

Mu wl2
8
9.525×2.62
8

8.648 kN/m

Since 8.648 < 32.874

Hence provide same reinforcement as waist slab

Provide 12 mm ɸ bar at spacing 160 mm c/c as main reinforcement

Provide 8mm ɸ bars at spacing 200 mm c/c as distribution reinforcement

Column

Column Number 1
Pu 5803 kN
My 462.695 kNm
Mx 136.066 kNm
Cover 40 mm
Fck 30 N/mm2
Fy 500 N/mm2
Breadth of Column 600 mm
Depth of Column 1050 mm
Check for BM due to minimum eccentricity:

As per clause 25.4 of IS456:2000

ey min Lu 𝐷
+
500 30
3000 1050
+
500 30

41 mm >20mm
ex min Lu 𝐷
+
500 30
3000 600
+
500 30

26 mm >20mm
Muxe 5803×41
1000

237.423 kNm > Mux

Muye 5803×26
1000

150.878 kNm < Muy

Eccentric moments govern in the x direction while the moments in the y direction is not influenced by
eccentricity.

Design Moments,

Mux 237.423 kNm

Muy 462.695 kNm

Determine the uniaxial capacity about X-X axis

P/fck 2
30
 0.067
Assuming 40 mm cover (severe condition as per table 16 IS 456),8 mm ties and 20 mm main bars

d′ 40 + 8 +
20
2

0.067
d′/D 58
1050
= 0.055

From Chart 47 of SP16 with d′/D=0.05

𝑃𝑢 5803×103
𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝐵𝐷 30×600×1050

0.307
From Chart 47 of SP16
𝑀𝑢 0.11
𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝐷𝑩2

𝑀𝑢 = 𝑀𝑢𝑥1 fckDB2×0.11
30×600×10502×0.11
𝑀𝑢𝑥1 2182.95 kNm

Determine the uniaxial capacity about Y-Y axis

P/fck 2
30

0.067
d′/D 58
600
= 0.096

From Chart 48 of SP16 with d′/D=0.1

𝑃𝑢 5803×103
𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝐵𝐷 30×600×1050

0.307
From Chart 48 of SP16
𝑀𝑢 0.11
𝑓𝑐𝑘 𝐷𝑩2

𝑀𝑢 = 𝑀𝑢𝑥1 fckDB2×0.11
30×1050×6002×0.11
𝑀𝑢𝑥1 1247.4 kNm
Calcualaete Puz from chart 63 of SP 16 corresponding to P t=2%,fs=500 Mpa,fck=30Mpa

Puz 21×Ag
Puz 21×600×1050
1000

13230 kN
Check the capacity of assumed section

𝑃𝑢 5803
13230
𝑃𝑢𝑧
𝑃𝑢 0.438
𝑃𝑢𝑧
𝑃𝑢𝑧 represents bending about x and y axes respectively
α
Mux α Muy
[( ) +( ) ]≤1
Mux1 Muy1
Where

Mux and Muy are moments about x and y axes respectively due to design loads

Mux1 and Muy1 are the maximum uniaxial moment capacities with an axial load

𝑃
α is an exponent dependent on 𝑃 𝑢
𝑢𝑧

Mux 237.473
= 0.1087
2182.95
Mux1
Muy 462.695
= 0.3709
1247.4
Muy1
From SP 16 clause 3.3

0.2 1
0.8 2
0.438 1.396

Hence,
α
M α M (0.1087)1.396 + (0.3709)1.396
(M ux ) + (M uy )
ux1 uy1

0.295 < 1
Hence the trail section is safe under applied load
 Provide
As 1050
2×600×
100

As 12600 mm2
Provide 32 mm ɸ bars
Number of bars 12600
π = 15.6
×322
4

16 no’s

Design Of transverse reinforcement as per clause 26.5.3.2 c of IS 456

Diameter should not be less than

Max. diameter/4 32/4=8 mm
6 mm
Therefore provide 12 mm ɸ ties
Pitch: least of
B 600 mm
16 mm × ɸ 16×32 =512 mm
300 mm
Provide 12 mm ɸ lateral ties @ 300 mm c/c
According to IS 13920,cl 7.3.3
The spacing of ties shall not exceed half the least lateral dimension of
the column i.e.,
B/2 300 mm
Provide 12 mm ɸ lateral ties @ 300 mm c/c
Design of Isolated RCC Footing

Member Axial Load,P 3726.44 kN

qo 20 kN/m2
fck 30 N/mm2
fy 500 N/mm
Clear cover 50 mm

Solution

Determine size of footing assuming weight of footing and backfill as 10%of coloumn load

Required Area of footing 1.1×P/qo

3726.44
1.1× 250

16.3963
Size of square footing √16.3963
4.049 × 4.049
Provide 4.2×4.2 m
Factored net soil Presure,qu P×Υf
B2

Where

qu - Maximum Bearing Pressure

Υf – partial safety factors for load , also the factor used to determine unbalanced moment transferred
by flexure at slab column connection

qu P×Υf
B2
3726.44×1.5
4.2×4.2

0.3168 N/mm2

Check for shear ,

The critical section for one way shear is at a distance d from the face of the column
 Vu1 qu ×B
2
× (B − C − 2d)

Where,

Vu - Factored Shear force

d-Effective dpth of footing

qu - Maximum Bearing Pressure

C1 and C2 – Column dimension in mm

Vu1 qu ×B
2
× (B − C − 2d)
4200−600−2×d
0.3168×4200×( 2
)

663.6×(4200-600-2×d)
2388960 – 1327.2×d

Assuming Pt=0.25% from table 19 of IS 456 for M30 concrete τc = 0.36

One way shear resistance Vu τc × B × d

0.36×4200×d
1512×d
Since Vu>Vu1
1512 × d ≥ 2388960 − 1327.2 × d
2839.2 d = 2388960
D 841.42
910 mm

Assuming 20 mm ɸ bars and 50 mm cover

D 10
910+50+ 2

970mm
980mm

Check thickness for two way shear

The critical section for two way shear is at a distance d/2 from the periphery of the column

Vu2 qu × (B 2 − (C1 + D)2 )

0.316 × (42002 − (600 +
910)2 )
4853.72 kN

As per Cl 31.6.3.1 of IS 456, two way shear resistance

Vn2 K s × τc (4(C1 + d)d)

Where

Ks (0.5+βc ) < 1
βc – Ratio of short side to longer side of the column
βc 600
1050

Ks 0.5+0.5714
1.0714 < 1
Hence adopt 1
τc 0.25√fck

0.25√30
1.36
Hence
Vn2 K s × τc (4(C1 + d)d)
1 × 1.36(4(600 + 910)910)
7475.104 > 4853.72

Check for qa with the actual size of footing with the weight of concrete and soil as 24 kN/m3 and 18
kN/m3 respectively

The actual pressure below the footing is

q 3726.44
4.2×4.2
+ 24 × 0.91 + 18 ×

0.91
249.46<250 kN/m2
Hence safe

Design of Flexural reinforcement

qu
Mu
8
× B × (B − C1 )2
0.316
8
× 4200 × (4200 −

600)2
2150.06 kNm

Mu 2150.06×106
bd2 4200×8502

0.7085

From Sp 16 table 4 for Fe 500 steel and fck M30 concrete

Pt = 0.166 %

As this % of steel is less than the % assumed for calculating shear strength i.e., 0.25% in step 2, shear
strength requirement governs the design hence

Required Ast 0.25

× 4200 × 850
100

8925 mm2
Assuming 20 mm ɸ bars
Number of bars 8925
π
×202
4

29 bars

Spacing 4200−(50×2)−20
29−1

145.71 mm
Provide 20mm ɸ bars at 145 mm c/c

Check for development length

For M30 concrete and Fe500 steel required development length for 20mm ɸ bar from table 66 (page
185) of SP16 is 906 mm.

Length available 4200 600

2
− 2

1800 mm > 906 mm

Hence Safe

Calculate transfer of force at the base of column

Factored compressive force at the base of column 1.5×3726.44

5589.66 kN
As per C1 30.6 of IS456, limiting bearing stress
fbrmax A
0.45fck √A1
2

Where
fbr-Bearing stress at bends
At footing face,fck=30 Mpa
A1 (4200×4200) mm2
A2 (600×1050) mm2
A 4200×4200
√A 1 √
2 600×1050

5.29>2 ,Hence adopt 2

Permissible Bearing Stress,fbr 0.45×30×2
27 MPa
Actual Bearing Stress Factored Load
Actual Column Base
1.5×3726.44
600×1050

8.8724 MPa < 27 MPa

Since actual is less than permissible, safe.