II Mid Assignment Question Bank(MR15)

Subject: SWITCHGEAR & PROTECTION

Branch: EEE
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SUBJECTIVE QUESTIONS
UNIT-III

1. Describe the construction and working of a Buchholz relay

2. Describe distance protection scheme for the protection of feeders.
3. Explain the Differential protection of bus-bar protection

UNIT-IV

1. What do you mean by grounding or earthing? Explain it with an example.

2. Describe ungrounded or isolated neutral system. What are its effects?
3. A 230 kV, 3-phase, 50 Hz, 200 km transmission line has a capacitance to earth of 0.02 µF/km per phase.
Calculate the inductance and kVA rating of the Peterson coil used for earthing.
4. What is resistance grounding? What are its advantages and disadvantages?
5. Explain the Arc suppression coil grounding/Resonant grounding
6. Write short notes on: a) Arcing Ground b) Need of equipment grounding

UNIT-V
1. Discuss the construction, principle and working of a Zinc-Oxide Lighting Arresters
2. What is lightning? Describe the mechanism of lightning discharge
3. Discusses the generation of high voltages in power systems
4. Discuss the construction, principle and working of a valve type arrester.
5. Discuss the causes of overvoltage
6. Write short notes on: a) Insulation Coordination b) Volt-Time Characteristics
 OBJECTIVE QUESTIONS

MODULE-III

1 The isolators used in the transmission lines are capable of breaking C

Fault current
No current
Charging current
Load current
2 24. Buchholz’s relay gives warning and protection against A
electrical fault inside the transformer itself
electrical fault outside the transformer in outgoing feeder
for both outside and inside faults
none of the above
3 Which device automatically interrupts the supply in the event of surges D
Earthing switch
Series reactor
Isolator
Circuit breaker
4 Which of the following correctly presents the sequence of operations of isolator circuit B
breaker and earthing switch while closing a circuit
Ensure circuit breaker is closed - close isolator - open earthing switch
Ensure circuit breaker is open - close isolator - open earthing switch if any close circuit
breaker
Ensure circuit breaker is open - open isolator - open earthing switch if any - close circuit
breaker
None of the above
5 The protection against direct lightening strokes and high voltage steep waves is provided by D
earthing of neutral
lightening arresters
ground wires
lightening arresters and ground wires.
6 The ratio of capacitance from line to line capacitance from line to neutral is nearly A
1/4
1/2
1
2
7 Which of the following correctly represents the sequence of operations of isolator circuit C
breaker and earthing switch while opening a circuit
Close earthing switch - open circuit breaker open isolator
Open isolator - close circuit breaker - open earthing switch
Open circuit breaker - open isolator - close earthing switch
Close circuit breaker - close isolator - open earthing switch
8 The Translay scheme is essentially a ............. balance system B
Voltage
Current
Power
load
9 Accurate matching of current transformers is ............. in Merz-Price voltage balance system. B
not essential
essential
Some times essential
none
10 The transformer oil should have _____ volatility and _____ viscosity. A
low, low
high,high
low,high
high,low
11 Which of the following protection is normally not provided on small distribution transformers B
?
Over fluxing protection
Buchholz relay
Over current protection
All of the above
12 Transposition of transmission line is done to C
decrease I2R losses
decrease corona effect.
balance line voltage.
decrease skin effect.
13 Which of the following short circuit is the most dangerous ? B
Line to line short circuit
Dead short circuit
Line to ground short circuit
Line to line and ground short circuit
14 Guy wire is used to A
Support the pole
Provide protection against surges
Provide emergency earth route
Protect conductors against short circuiting.
15 System grounding is song D

so that the floating potential on the lower voltage winding for a transformer is brought down
to an insignificant value
so that arcing faults to earth would not set up dangerously high voltage on healthy phases
so that inductive interference between power and communication circuits can be controlled
for all above reasons
16 Differential protection scheme for longer lines is B
Low cost
Very costly
moderate
none
17 In transmission line production of ozone resulted by corona is harmful because B
it gives bad odor
 it corrodes the material
it transfers energy to the ground
reduces power factor
18 A relay used on short transmission lines is A
Reactance relay
Mho's relay
Impedance relay
None of the above.
19 For a properly terminated line D
ZR=ZO
Z/R > ZO
ZR < ZO
ZR =Z0 = 0
20 What is the purpose of back up protection? D
To increase the speed
To increase the reach
To leave no blind spot
To guard against failure of primary
21 The chances of corona are maximum in C
domestic wiring
distribution lines
transmission lines
all of the above
22 Impedance relay is used on B
Short transmission lines
Medium transmission lines
Long transmission line
All the transmission lines
23 Why are the isolators used? C
Break abnormal current
Making under fault conditions
Breaking the circuit under no load condition
None of the above
24 Minimum horizontal clearance of a low voltage transmission line from residential buildings C
must be
11/2 feet
3 feet
4 feet
8 feet
25 A bus bar is rated by D
current only
current and voltage only
current, voltage, frequency
current, voltage, frequency and short time current
 MODULE-IV
26 Most of the faults on an overhead system are ...................faults A
phase to earth,
phase to phase
Three phase
All of the above
27 The size of the earth or ground wire is based on the: D
maximum fault current carrying through the ground wire
rated current carrying capacity of the service line
depends on the soil resistance
both (a) and (c)
28 In voltage transformer grounding ................... of single phase transformer is connected
between
neutral and earth. B
secondary
primary
Both a & b
None A
29 The neutral wire is coloured ...................
black
green
Both a & b
None
30 What is the distance between the EHV lines and earth? A
8m
11 m
18 m
15 m
31 In Peterson coil grounding, when inductive fault current becomes equal to capacitive current of
the system, then ................... A
XC = 3XL;
XL = 3XC
XL = XC
XL = 2XC
32 Earth wire or ground wire is made of: D
copper
aluminium
iron
galvanized steel
33 The ground wire is coloured ................... . D
Red
Yellow
Blue
Green
34 In equipment grounding, the enclosure is connected to ................... wire. A
Ground
Neutral
Line
none
35 Electrical resistivity is _________________proportional to the depth of grounding / earthing
rod into the ground C
Equals
Directly
inversely
No relation
36 Average resistance of human body is: B
500 ohms
1000 ohms
1500 ohms
2000 ohms
37 Which of the following type of grounding system has the highest probability for escalation of A
ground fault to phase to phase and three phase arcing fault, particularly for low voltage system:
Solid grounding
Resistance grounding
Reactance grounding
All the options are correct
38 Electrical system is grounded in order to protect ___ from faults C
Electrical equipment
Humans
Both Electrical Equipment and Humans
Neither Electrical Equipment nor Humans
39 In which of the following system, identification of fault is tedious: D
Resistance grounding
Solid grounding
Reactance grounding
Ungrounding
40 Generally grounding is provided for: C
only for the safety of the equipment
only for the safety of the operating personnel
both (a) and (b)
none of the above
41 Ground resistance should be designed such that: A
grounding resistance should be as low as possible
grounding resistance should be as high as possible
grounding resistance should be always zero
none of the above
42 Our earth is a _________charged body C
Possitively
negatively
Neutrally
Not
43 Which of the following is not use as earth continuity conductor?
D
water pipes
gas pipes
structural steel members
all of the above
44 The earthing electrode should be situated at a place at least .......... meters away from the A
 building whose installation system is being earthed
1.5 m
3.5 m
25 m
100 m
45. What is the dimension of the copper strips used for the strip earthing? A
25 mm * 4 mm
25 mm * 3 mm
30 mm * 4 mm
30 mm * 3 mm
46 Which type of earthing is also called as ‘fire earthing’? B
Plate earthing
Rod earthing
Strip earthing
All of these
47 For an EHV equipment for maintenance first it should be isolated and connected to ground
because: D
to provide low impedance
to discharge the charging capacitance to ground
protection for operating personnel
both (b) and (c)
48 Inside the earth or pit, the earthing electrode should be placed
A
vertical
horizontal
inclined at 450
inclined at any angle other than 450
49 The minimum clearance of any overhead line from the ground should be C
4m
20 m
6m
1m
50 Earthing of electric appliances is done
D
for the safety of human life
to reduce line voltage fluctuation
for protection of electric equipment
for all of the above.
51 What should be the value of earthing resistance for large power stations? B
1Ω
0.5 Ω
2Ω
5Ω
52 What type of earthing is used by transmission lines? C
Plate earthing
Rod earthing
Strip earthing
Both (a) & (c)
53 For what range is the underground service lines used? A
Distance more than 25 m
 Distance more than 100 m
Distance less than 1 km
Distance more than 1 km
54 Earthing is used as the return conductor for
D
telephone lines
telegraph lines
traction work
all of the above.
55 When earth fault occurs: A
voltage potential at the earth mat increases due to grounding
voltage potential at the earth mat decreases due to grounding
voltage potential at the earth mat remains zero irrespective of fault
none of the above
56 The resistance of earth wire should be
D
infinite
high
reasonable
very low
57 The earth wire should not be thinner than a
D
20 SWG wire
16 SWG wire
10 SWG wire
8 SWG wire.
58 Which among these is a demerit of underground service mains?
C
Ugly appearance
Frequent fault occurrence
Costly
None of these
59 The earth's potential is taken as
D
infinite
supply voltage
1 volt
zero.
60 The objective of earthing or grounding is: A
to provide as low resistance possible to the ground
to provide as high resistance possible to the ground
to provide flow of positive, negative and zero sequence currents
none of the above
61 High Resistance grounding typically limits ground fault current under to _____: A
25A
100A
50A
500A
62 High voltages originated due to Line to Ground faults in ungrounded system will damage
which of the following: D
 Will not have any effect
 Fires
Conductors melt down
Insulation damage
63 In a ungrounded system, during the fault the protective relays may not able to operate because
of the ______________fault current: B
High
Low
Moderate
No
64 Grounding resistor for high resistance grounding shall be designed such that the ground fault
current limit is _____ than the system’s total capacitance to ground charging current in order
to avoid over voltages: A
Greater
Lesser
Equal
None
65 The ungrounded system, in reality is a ______ grounding system: B
Inductance
Capacitance
Resistance
Combination of Inductance and Resistance
66 The neutral of any grounded system will permit the flow of current through the conductor
when _____________ load is connected A
unbalanced
balanced
Low
High
67 In a ungrounded system, if a line to ground fault occurs on one phase, the charging currents
(capacitive currents) flowing through the other two healthy phases will be ____ times the
normal value: B
1.5
3
6
2
68 Which of the following system produces highest ground fault current when a fault to ground
occurs: A
Solid grounding system
Ungrounded system
Resistance grounding system
Reactance grounding system
69. In order to achieve Continuity of the operation even during fault condition which type of the
configuration is preferred: B
Grounded System
Ungrounded System
Both a & b
None
70. In any system (grounding or ungrounding), a ____ coupling exist between the system
conductors and the adjacent grounding surfaces: A
Capacitance
Inductance
 Resistance
All of the above
71 When the 3-phase system is not grounded and if Single Line to Ground fault occurs, the
voltage of the other two healthy phases will: A
Increases
Decreases
Remains unaffected
None D
72 Factors on which soil resistance depends:
depth of the electrode
moisture
Nacl
all the above
73 In an ungrounded system the occurrence of second fault will more likely be ____ than
grounded system fault A
More severe
Less severe
Not effected
none
74 Which of the following solution is used to reduces the earth’s resistivity A
Nacl
Na2SO4
CaCl
Ca2CO3
75 Moisture content in the soil __ the earth soil resistance: B
increase
decrease
does not affect
none of the above

MODULE-V
76 Which of the following method or technique can be used for the measurement of high dc A
voltages ?
Generating voltmeter
Electrostatic voltmeter
Peak voltmeter
Any of the above.
77 Surge diverters are A
non-linear resistors in series with spark gaps which act as fast switches
arc quenching devices
shunt reactors to limit the voltage rise due to Ferranti effect

over-voltages of power frequency harmonics

78 Which of the following technique/method is-used for the measurements of ac highfrequency A
 voltages ?
Peak voltmeter
Series resistance micro ammeter
Resistance potential divider
Any of the above
79 The relationship between the breakdown voltage V and gap d is normally given as C
d=kV3
V = kd

v = kdn
d = kV2
80 A good dielectric should have all the following properties EXCEPT C
high mechanical strength
high resistance to thermal deterioration
high dielectric loss
freedom from gaseous inclusions
81 Corona effect can be identified by B

bushy sparks
faint violet glow
red light
arcing between conductors and earth B
82 The phenomenon of corona is generally accompanied by
a bang

a hissing sound
magnetic hum
all of the above
83 Van de Graaff generators are useful for A
Very high voltage and low current applications

Very high voltage and high current applications

Constant high voltage and current applications
High voltage pulses only.
84 The resistance between lightning protection system and earth should be: B
High
Low
Very high
Infinity
85 Electrical Surges are be caused because of which one of the following: B
 EHV Switching
Both Lightning Strikes and EHV Switching
Lightning Strikes
All of the above
86 An Air Termination should exceed a minimum of ______ above the object that is to be B
protected:
15 Inches
10 Inches
20 Inches
25 Inches
87 A lA Lightning arrestor connected the line and earth in a power system A
Protects the terminal equipment against travelling surges
Protects the transmission lines against direct lightning stroke
Suppresses high frequency oscillations in the line
Reflects back the travelling wave approaching it
88 The zone of protection (surrounding area that a lightning protection system protects ) is A
approximately ____ times the height of building protected
2 times
4 times
3 times
5 times
89 The property of surge protection device is to have highly ____________(V-I) characteristics : A
nonlinear
linear
parabolic
Straight line
90 In case of Air termination for Continuous roofridges air termination should be spaced _____ D
feet:
30 feet
15 feet
20 feet
25 feet
91 Which of the following is used for providing protection against incoming surges: C
Silicon Oxide
Germanium Oxide
Metal Oxide Varistor
All of the above
92 Corona results in C

improvement in power factor

increased capacitive reactance of transmission lines
radio interference
better regulation.
93 Surge voltage originate in power systems due to D

lightning
switching operations
faults
any of the above
94 Transformers contribute to radio interference due to D
corona discharges in air
internal or partial discharges in insulation
sparking
any of the above.
95 Which of the following gas has been used as insulating medium in electrical appliances? C

Nitrogen
Carbon dioxide
Sulphur hexafluoride
Freon
96 In Van de Graaff generators output voltage is controlled by A
controlling the corona source voltage
controlling the belt speed
controlling the lower spray point
any of the above
97 A Tesla coil is a C

cascaded transformer
coreless transformer

high frequency resonant transformer

low impedance transformer
98 Switching surge is C

high voltage dc
high voltage ac

short duration transient voltage

hyperbolically dying voltage
99 The electrical breakdown strength of insulating materials depends on D

nature of applied voltage

imperfections in dielectric material
pressure, temperature and humidity
all of the above.
100 Insulators for high voltage applications are tested for C

power frequency tests

impulse tests

both (A) and (B) above

 none of the above.
101 A generating voltmeter is a A
Variable capacitor electrostatic voltage generator
Constant capacitor electrostatic voltage generator
Variable inductor electrostatic voltage generator
Constant inductor electrostatic voltage generator
102 The voltage doubler circuit is suitable for the voltage up to A
4V
6V
8V
2V
103 The ripple voltage for half wave rectifier is B
Smaller than that of full wave rectifier
Larger than that of full wave rectifier
Equal to that of full wave rectifier
None of these
104 Angle of Zone of protection of Lightning Protection system is approximately: C
20o
70o
45o
10o
105 Lightning arresters are used in power systems to protect electrical equipments against C
Direct strokes of lightning
Power frequency of over voltages
Over voltages due to lightning stroke
Over currents due to lightning stroke
106 Which of the following method or technique can be used for the measurement of high dc A
voltages ?

Generating voltmeter
Electrostatic voltmeter

Peak voltmeter
Any of the above
107 Which of the following technique/method is-used for the measurements of ac high frequency A
voltages ?

Peak voltmeter
Series resistance micro ammeter
Resistance potential divider
Any of the above
108 Surge diverters are A

non-linear resistors in series with spark gaps which act as fast switches
arc quenching devices

shunt reactors to limit the voltage rise due to Ferranti effect

 over-voltages of power frequency harmonics
109 Large capacity generators are manufactured to generate power at D
440 V
132 kV to 220 kV
400 kV.
6.3 to 10.5 kV
110 A Lightning arrester is ussually located nearer to A

transformer
isolator
busbar
circuit breaker
111 Stones are provided in the substation to: D
To avoid fire accident by draining oil from transformer if leaks
To avoid growing of weeds and plants
To provide insulation
All the above
112 The ............... lightning strokes are very rare on the power system. B
indirect
direct
both
none
113 The zinc oxide has highly __________current voltage (I-V) characteristics B
uniform
non-uniform
Linear
Non linear
114 lightning arrester just beyond reference voltage level, prevents the system from _______stress A
transient over voltage
over voltage
load voltage
none
115 A system is said to be effectively earthed if the factor of earthing does not D
exceed 20 %
exceed 40 %
exceed 60 %
exceed 80 %
116 If the nominal system voltage is 132KV. What is the maximum system voltage? C
122KV
132 KV
145 KV
220 KV
117 The most severe surges on the line are produced by ............... A
Lighting
Fault
Short circuit
All the above
118 A surge diverter should be located ............... to the apparatus to be protected C
top
Bottom
close
Away
119 Most of the lightning strokes are due to ............... charged clouds. A
negatively
positively
both
none
120 Emulsifier protection is associated with: D
Grounding protection
Dielectric strength protection of cables and conductors
Lightning protection
Fire protection
121 The lightning currents range from 10 kA to about ............... kA. D
60
70
80
90
122 Arcing ground can be prevented by ............... A
Earthing the neutral
Earthing the line
Earthinh the all conductors
None
123 In sub-stations, the most commonly used type of arrester is ............... arrester. A
Thyrite
horn gap
rod gap
none
124 Earthing conductivity is affected by: D
Moisture content in the soil
Chemical composition
Concentration of salts in the soil
All the above
125 What is the minimum phase to phase clearance required for 400kV conductors in substation: B
3500 mm
4200 mm
5000 mm
4500 mm

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