Design of walls:

w1

w1 2

Grade of concrete = M-25

Grade of steel = Fe 500

IS:456 (cl.B- Permissible stresses in tension = 3.2 N/mm2

2.1)
Permissible stresses in bending = 8.5 N/mm2

Permissible stresses in direct compression = 6.0 N/mm2

IS 3370 (Part 2) Permissible stress in conc. to resist cracking (direct tension) = 1.3 N/mm2
: 2009 - Cl. No.
4.5 Permissible stress in conc. to resist cracking (tension with bending) = 1.8 N/mm2

Permissible stress in steel (tensile stresses in tension, bending & shear) 130 N/mm2
=
Permissible stress in steel (compression) = 140 N/mm2

Modular ratio (m) = 280 / (3 *8.5) = 10.98

Design of walls

Unit weight of water = 9.81 kN/m3

Unit weight of soil = 17 kN/m3

Earth pressure coefficient active ka = (1-sin30)/(1+sin30) = 0.333

Clear covers: Water face 45 mm

Earth face 40 mm

Wall W3 & W6:

Height of the wall = 3 m

Below Ground Level = 2.5 m

Above Ground Level = 0.5 m

Water depth = 0 m

As L/B for W1 = 2 / 3 = 0.67 which is < 3, therefore wall W1 is designed as Panel Wall

Case- I: Chamber Full; No earth outside

0.5

2.5

pw =0

Length of the wall 2a = 2 m

Height of the wall b= 3 m

a/b = 0.33

Water pressure at base = pw = (9.81 x 0) = 0 kN/m2

2a
 b

X pw

Refer Moody's chart Fig 4 with 3-edges fixed & 1-edge free

Max vertical BM (+) coefficient = 0.057

Max vertical BM (-) coefficient = -0.020

Max horizontal BM (+) coefficient = 0.050

Max horizontal BM (-) coefficient = -0.030

Max vertical SF coefficient = 0.428

Max horizontal SF coefficient = 0.219

Max vertical BM (+) (My) = coefficient x p x b2 = 0 kN-m

Max vertical BM (-) (My) = coefficient x p x b2 = 0 kN-m

Max horizontal BM (+) (Mx) = coefficient x p x b2 = 0 kN-m

Max horizontal BM (-) (Mx) = coefficient x p x b2 = 0 kN-m

Max vertical SF (Fy) = coefficient x p x b = 0 kN/m

Max horizontal SF (Fx) = coefficient x p x b = 0 kN/m

Case- II: Tank Empty; Earth pressure outside

Soil pressure at base = (Ka x γ x h) pe = (0.333 x 17 x 2.5) = 14.15 kN/m

Surcharge pressure = (10 kN/m2) ps = (0.333 x 10) = 3.33 kN/m

0.5

2.5
Length of the wall 2a = 2 m

Height of the wall b= 3 m

a/b = 0.33

Height of soil h= 2.5 m

Equivalent Pressure at Base:

Soil pressure at base = (pe x h / b) ps = 11.79 kN/m2

Surcharge pressure at base = (ps x h / b) ps = 2.78 kN/m2

2a

x pe ps

Refer Moody's chart Fig 4 with 3-edges fixed & 1-edge free

Due to Triangular Pressure

Max vertical BM (+) coefficient = 0.057

Max vertical BM (-) coefficient = -0.02

Max horizontal BM (+) coefficient = 0.05

Max horizontal BM (-) coefficient = -0.03

Max vertical SF coefficient = 0.428

Max horizontal SF coefficient = 0.219

Max vertical BM (+) (My) = coefficient x p x b2 = 6.05 kN-m

Max vertical BM (-) (My) = coefficient x p x b2 = -2.12 kN-m

Max horizontal BM (+) (Mx) = coefficient x p x b2 = 5.31 kN-m

Max horizontal BM (-) (Mx) = coefficient x p x b2 = -3.18 kN-m

Max vertical SF (Fy) = coefficient x p x b = 15.14 kN/m

Max horizontal SF (Fx) = coefficient x p x b = 7.75 kN/m

Refer Moody's chart Fig 1 with 3-edges fixed & 1-edge free
Due to Rectangular Pressure

Max vertical BM (+) coefficient = 0.108

Max vertical BM (-) coefficient = -0.029

Max horizontal BM (+) coefficient = 0.216

Max horizontal BM (-) coefficient = -0.110

Max vertical SF coefficient = 0.735

Max horizontal SF coefficient = 0.937

Max vertical BM (+) (My) = coefficient x p x b2 = 2.7 kN-m

Max vertical BM (-) (My) = coefficient x p x b2 = -0.73 kN-m

Max horizontal BM (+) (Mx) = coefficient x p x b2 = 5.4 kN-m

Max horizontal BM (-) (Mx) = coefficient x p x b2 = -2.75 kN-m

Max vertical SF (Fy) = coefficient x p x b = 6.13 kN/m

Max horizontal SF (Fx) = coefficient x p x b = 7.81 kN/m

Total BM and SF

Max vertical BM (+) (My) = 8.75 kN-m

Max vertical BM (-) (My) = -2.85 kN-m

Max horizontal BM (+) (Mx) = 10.71 kN-m

Max horizontal BM (-) (Mx) = -5.93 kN-m

Max vertical SF (Fy) = 21.27 kN/m

Max horizontal SF (Fx) = 15.56 kN/m

Bottom wall thickness:

Max vertical BM = 8.75 kN-m

Thickness of wall required for vertical BM = My x 6/(sbt x b)

= (8.75*6*1000000/(1000*1.8))^0.5 = 162.02 mm

Provide bottom thickness = 200 mm

Top wall thickness:

Max horizontal BM = 10.71 kN-m

Thickness of wall required for horizontal BM

= Mx x 6/(sbt x b)
 (at 3 m from the bottom)

= (10.71*6*1000000/(1000*1.8))^0.5 = 179.25 mm

Provide top thickness = 200 mm

Design of inner face of wall

Area of steel required for vertical BM

Dia of bar = 10 mm

Clear cover = 45 mm

Effective depth (d) = 200-45-10/2 = 150 mm

Max vertical BM creating tension on inner face = 2.85 kN-m

Area of steel required on water face = My/(sst x j x d)

= 2.85 * 1000000/(130 * 0.904 * 150) = 161.67 mm2/m

IS:3370 (Part-
II), cl. 8.1.1
Min. Area of steel required on each face (0.12 %) = 240 mm2/m

Provide 10 mm dia tor steel at spacing = 200 mm c/c

Area of steel provided = 392.5 mm2/m

Percentage of steel provided = 0.26 %

Area of steel required for horizontal BM

Dia of bar = 10 mm

Clear cover = 45 mm

Effective depth (d) = 200-45-10-10/2 = 140 mm

Max horizontal BM creating tension on inner face = 5.93 kN-m

Area of steel reqd on water face = Mx/(sst x j x d)

= 5.93 * 1000000/(130 * 0.872 * 140) = 360.42 mm2/m

Min. Area of steel required on each face (0.12 %) = 240 mm2/m

Provide 10 mm dia tor steel at spacing = 200 mm c/c

Area of steel provided = 392.5 mm2/m

Percentage of steel provided = 0.28 %

Table 23 of Check for shear

Ref IS:456-00 Max SF acting at the base of wall (Fy) = 0 kN/m

Max shear stress at the base of wall = 0 x 1000 /(1000 x150) = 0 N/mm2
 Percentage of steel provided at the base of the wall = 0.260 %

Permissible shear stress from IS:456-2000 = 0.230 N/mm2

OK

Design of outer face of wall

Area of steel required for vertical BM

Dia of bar = 10 mm

Clear cover = 40 mm

Effective depth (d) = 200-40-10/2 = 155 mm

Max vertical BM creating tension on outer face = 8.75 kN-m

Area of steel required on water face = My/(sst x j x d)

= 8.75 * 1000000/(230 * 0.872 * 155) = 271.51 mm2/m

Min. Area of steel required on each face (0.12 %) = 240 mm2/m

Provide 10 mm dia tor steel at spacing = 200 mm c/c

Area of steel provided = 392.5 mm2/m

Percentage of steel provided = 0.25 %

Area of steel required for horizontal BM

Dia of bar = 10 mm

Clear cover = 40 mm

Effective depth (d) = 200-40-10-10/2 = 145 mm

Max horizontal BM creating tension on outer face = 10.71 kN-m

Area of steel reqd on water face = Mx/(sst x j x d)

= 10.71 * 1000000/(230 * 0.872 * 145) = 355.24 mm2/m

Min. Area of steel required on each face (0.12 %) = 240 mm2/m

Provide 10 mm dia tor steel at spacing = 200 mm c/c

Area of steel provided = 392.5 mm2/m

Percentage of steel provided = 0.27 %

Table 23 of Check for shear

Ref IS:456-00 Max SF acting at the base of wall (Fy) = 21.27 kN/m

Max shear stress at the base of wall = 21.27 x 1000 /(1000 x155) = 0.14 N/mm2

Percentage of steel provided at the base of the wall = 0.25 %

Permissible shear stress from IS:456-2000 = 0.23 N/mm2

OK