MERINA HARTIKASARI / 14.1.01.08.

0084 / 4C

Summary of 2nd Group

SENTENCE AND UTTERANCE

1.3 Sentence and Utterance

Sentence and Utterance is a different things between us. Sentence is considered in

writing product while utterance is spoken. Sentence here represents system-sentence linguist
or grammarian, while utterance represents text-sentence linguist or discourse analyst. The
grammarian will account for all and only the acceptable sentence in his data. While
discourse analyst, the goal of his data is include physical context.

1.3.1 On ‘data’

There are two points of view that we have to focus when we talk about the ‘data’. They
are from grammarian and discourse analyst. The ‘data’ from grammarian is the sentence
while the ‘data’ from discourse analyst is utterance. The grammarian’s ‘data’ is inevitably
the single sentence, or a set of single sentences illustrating a particular feature of the
language being studied. Meanwhile, the discourse analyst’s ‘data’ include all aspects of
linguistic.

1.3.2 Rules versus regularities

 In the sense, the rules of grammar appear to be treated in the same way as ‘laws’
in the physical sciences. This restricts the applicability of such rules since it renders
them unavailable to any linguist interested synchronic variation in a language
 The discourse analyst, with his ‘ordinary’ language ‘data’, is committed to quite a
different view of the rule-governed aspect of language. Indeed, the analyst may
wish to discuss, not rules but regularities. Simply his data constantly exemplifies
non-categorical phenomena.
1.3.3 Product versus process

 The regularities which the discourse analyst describes will normally be expressed
in dynamic, not static, terms. Since the data investigate is the result of ordinary
language behavior. They focus on the process of how language is produced.
 The sentence grammarian does not in general take account of this, since his data is
not connected to behavior. They focus on product analysis.
1.3.4 On ‘context’
The grammarian and discourse analysis dealing with context. If the sentence
grammarian wishes to make claims about the acceptability of a sentence into
determining whether the strings produced by the grammar are correct sentences of a
language. It is implicitly appealing to contextual consideration.