Table 2 The evolution of country trade policies for 1980 to 2004

Revenue Tariffs (RT) Statutory Tariffs (ST) Changes 1985-2004

Changes Changes Change in Standard
Countries 1980 1985 1990 2000 2004 1980 1985 1990 2000 2004
in RT in ST Deviation of ST

India 15.5 24.2 21.1 8.4 5.7 74.3 98.8 79.2 32.5 28.1 !18.5 !70.7 !32.8
Bangladesh 13.4 17.9 12.1 7 8.2 99.9 86 102.2 21.6 16.4 !9.7 !69.6 !36.8
Paraguay 6 2.2 3.3 3.4 2.2 71 71.7 16 10.9 8.5 0 !63.2 !6.5
Pakistan 15.3 14.7 15.2 5.6 3.9 77.6 78 58.8 46.6 16.1 !10.8 !61.9 !14.8

Trade, Foreign Investment, and Industrial Policy for Developing Countries

Peru 10.6 8.3 3.9 4.5 3.4 57 64 36 13.4 9.6 !4.9 !54.4 !22.1
Nicaragua 8.7 7.4 4.3 1.8 1.3 54 54 24.8 3.2 4.9 !6.1 !49.1 –
Costa Rica 5.3 6.9 7 1.1 1.1 55 53 16.4 5.4 5.7 !5.8 !47.3 !5.4
Guatemala 4.8 7.5 3.6 2.5 2.7 50 50 23 7.2 5.1 !4.8 !44.9 !19
Brazil 10 3.2 3.7 4.2 4.2 – 55.6 30 14.4 13.1 1.0 !42.5 !10.3
Madagascar 8.5 – 14 10.2 10.3 31.5 46 36 – 5.2 – !40.8 –
China 5.7 10 3.7 1.5 1.8 49.5 39.5 40.3 16.3 9.8 !8.2 !29.7 !22.1
Ecuador 7.2 6.2 4 5.2 5.2 – 37.7 37.1 12.9 11.5 !1 !26.2 !20.7
Senegal 11.4 8.3 11.8 8.3 9.3 – 39 35 12 13.4 1 !25.6 –
Chile 2.8 5.7 3.7 2.3 0.7 10 30 15 9 4.9 !5 !25.1 0
Turkey 6.3 3 2.8 0.7 0.4 44 26.6 22.7 7.1 2.6 !2.6 !24 !21
Egypt 13.1 12.1 5.9 7 6 47.4 42.8 33.5 20.5 18.9 !6.1 !23.9 !386.3
Continued

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