1. Peaking & banding is nothing but the profile of the tank i.

e while erecting the shell plates the

curvatureto be maintained.The shell plates rolled to a radius to be maintained till the welding of joints
completed. For this purposeonly the curvature of joints are checked.For vertical joints of tank curvature is
called as Peaking.For Horizontal joints it is called a Banding. Banding is also called straightness.

2. These can be measured by making a template of 1 meters length. Template shall be of a

woodenboard .Mark the radius of the tank shell in a wooden board and cut accordingly. One side of the
templateshall be used for peaking and the other side straight side shall be used for banding. There is no
specificrequirement for making a template just make for easy handling.

3. Keep the template-straight side on the centre of horizontal joints so now you will find
half(500mm)onone shell course and remaining half on the other shell course. Take the measuring scale
and measurethe gap between joints.Keep the template-radius side on the centre of vertical joints and
measure the peaking so now you willfind half (500mm) on one shell course and remaining half on the
other shell course. Take the measuringscale and measure the gap between joints.

4. Peaking & banding are the important parameters to be checked while constructing a tank
becausecircularity & verticality is checked but at the same time on the tank weld joints Peaking &
banding arechecked to maintain the profile and to avoid local buckling of weld joints.

Re: [MW:10033] Tank Peaking/Banding Issue, API 650

On Sat, Feb 26, 2011 at 11:44 AM, Abdul Wahab <awengineer@gmail.com> wrote:
Dear All,

I am Abdul Wahab working in KSA as QA/QC Inspector, I have an issue

which is confusioning me. Below there is copy of Paragraph of API 650.
Plumbness, peaking, banding & flat spot discussed in this & tolerances
are provided but along with tolerance of API 650, also refering to
ASTM standards, those standards have tolerances aproximately a double
values as compared to API 650 Tolerances. Do we need to follow those
as ASTM is not a tank construction code but provide guidance about
matrial manufacturing,testing & handling etc.

We have Banding Value for 6 mm Plate of 13 mm max, can we consider a

dent as a banding problem in tank shell.

Please see below & advice.

7.5.2 Plumbness

a. The maximum out-of-plumbness of the top of the shell relative to

the bottom of the shell shall not exceed 1/200 of the total
tank height. The out-of-plumbness in one shell course shall not exceed
the permissible variations for flatness and waviness as
specified in ASTM A 6M/A 6, ASTM A 20M/A 20, or ASTM A 480M/A 480,
whichever is applicable.
7.5.4 Local Deviations

c. Flat spots measured in the vertical plane shall not exceed the
appropriate plate flatness and waviness requirements given in
7.5.2.

If there is any confusion to understand, please ask.

Abdul Wahab
Mechanical Inspector
KSA

Ans:
Dear Wahab,

As you are constructing tank as per API 650 you have to follow the 650 tolerances.

SA 6 or 20 doesn't say about plumbness as the scope states it gives a general requirement for certain
plates / shapes.

While in 7.5.2 it clearly states that plumbness allowed is 1/200 for the total height and the waviness or
flatness on one single course (i.e in one single plate) shall not exceed the values in SA 6 / 20 this is the
case for local deviations. For local deviations in one shell course follow SA 6 /20 for tank plumbness
follow 1/200.

Peaking and banding talks about local deviations in vertical and horizantal weld joints, and it clearley
states that peaking and banding shall not exceed 13mm, so upto and including 13mm is accepted.

Below are the scope of SA 20 & it states

"This general requirements specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise
specified
in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled steel plates for pressure vessels covered by each of
the
following product specifications issued by ASTM"

As you see the scope of SA 6 it states

This general requirements specification covers a group of common requirements that, unless otherwise
specified
in the applicable product specification, apply to rolled structural steel bars, plates, shapes, and sheet piling
covered
by each of the following product specifications issued by ASTM"

Cheers
MM
Dear Friends,

I am making fixed roof cylindrical oil storage tanks as per Indian

Standards IS-803.In section 9.3.5 it is mentioned about circularity
and shape.There it is mentioned about verticality & circularity
tolerences.Also it is mentioned about peaking and bending of welds
there..

1.Peaking of vertical weld joints measured over an arc length of 1 m

shall not exceed 12 mmm.
2.Bending of horizontal weld joints measured by a straightedge of 1 m
length shall not exceed 12 mm.

My questions are..

1.What is meant by this peaking and bending there?

2.How we will measure these factors?
3.How would the unit "millimetre" will come for these factors
measurement?
4.Is these 2 measurements are important in tank fabrication,if I am
checking vericality & circularity properly?

Regards,
Jose Sebastian,

ANS-1: You can make a template from a steel sheet / scrap plate with radius of template equal to your
tank radious with an arc length of aprx 1 mtr. place this on your tank and if you are getting greater than
12mm gap, needs rectification. Similar way use 1 mtr steel rule as straight edge to check verticality.

Your 4th point itself is an answer to your query. How do you intended to check verticality and
circularity?

ANS-2: Dear friend,

As per ur question no :1 in vessel fab. Or tank the long seam assembly
you must check the peak in or peak out then only find the seam fit up
came inside or gone out side before welding and at that time of weld
visual. Simple you can make D/2 or D/4 template fixed inside gap find
in middle of temp. That is peak out that is directly take and if u
find out one side fix one side and measure other end and divided by 2
u will get peak in.

Point no :2circular seam fit up you can fix top ,seam and bottom area
you can check the circularity as well as check the verticality as per
the code u r given divided the circle by 8 deg. And drop the plumb at
1m above the seam or top of the tank as u wish.

I think it will help lot..sure.

Sethuramalingam.P
Acpcpl

ANS-3: Mr.Jose, Reply to your questions are as follows,

1.Peaking & banding is nothing but the profile of the tank i.e while erecting the shell plates the
curvature to be maintained.

The shell plates rolled to a radius to be maintained till the welding of joints completed.For this purpose
only the curavture of joints are checked.

For vertical joints of tank curvature is called as Peaking.

For Horizontal joints it is called a Banding.Banding is also called a straightness.

2.These can be measured by making a template of 1 mtrs length.Template shall be of a wooden

board .Mark the radius of the tank shell in an wooden board and cut accordingly.One side of the
template shall be used for peaking and the other side straight side shall be used for banding.There is no
specific requirement for making a template just make for easy handling

3.Keep the template-straight side on the centre of horizontal joints so now you will find half(500mm)on
one shell course and remaining half on the other shell course.Take the measuring scale and measure the
gap between joints.

Keep the template-radius side on the centre of vertical joints and measure the peaking so now
you will find half(500mm)on one shell course and remaining half on the other shell course.Take the
measuring scale and measure the gap between joints.
4.Peaking & banding are the important parameters to be checked while constructing a tank because
circularity & verticality is checked but at the same time on the tank weld joints Peaking & banding are
checked to maintain the profile and to avoid local buckling of weld joints.

Regards,

R.Kamalanathan,

Manager-Quality Control,

LANCO INFRATECH LIMITED,

VIZAG,INDIA