LAB OF INSTRUMENTATION

LAB REPORT 3
High Pass Filter

Submitted to Engr. Ali Raza

By Maha Rauf
2014-EE-494

UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY LAHORE,

FSD CAMPUS

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 Table of Contents

Sr. No. Pages

Experiments

1 Title 3

2 Objectives 3

3 Apparatus 3

4 Circuit Diagram 3

5 Procedure 4

6 Calculations & Results 5

7 Frequency plot 5

8 Observations 5

9 Conclusion 5

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 Experiment 3

High Pass Filter

Objectives:

 To Calculate the frequency response of RC high pass filter and plot the output v/s gain
 By using LM741 amplifying the frequency signal and observing through a graph
 Observing the variation of output voltage against the frequency

Apparatus:

Resistor (27Ω), Capacitor (22𝝁F), Function generator, Jumper Wires, Digital Multi Meter
Oscilloscope, LM741

Circuit Diagram:

Fig.1 circuit diagram of the experimental setup

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Addition of op-amp:

Fig.2 circuit diagram of the experimental setup with op amp

Procedure:

 Connected the function generator and oscilloscope as shown in fig.2

 Frequency of 50Hz and 7V input was set.
 Used auto set and measure buttons to observe at oscilloscope
 Gradually increased the frequency and observe the output against it
 Used the recorded values to plot the frequency response
 Calculated the cut off frequency considering the R and C
 Re constructed the circuit by connecting LM741 op amp.
 Calculated the gain of the amplifier circuit.

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 𝑅𝑓
𝐴𝑣 = 1 +
𝑅𝑖
 Verified the following relation.
𝑉𝑜 𝐴𝑣
=
𝑉𝑖 √2

Calculations and Results:

Fig.3 Table of measured and calculated data

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Frequency Plot:

Fig.4 Frequency plot

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Cut off frequency:
1 1
𝑓𝑐 = = = 268 𝐻𝑧
2𝜋𝑅𝐶 2𝜋(27Ω)(22𝜇𝐹)

Gain of amplifier:
𝑅𝑓 1𝑘Ω
𝐴𝑣 = 1 + 𝑅𝑖 = 1 + 1𝑘Ω = 2

At cut off frequency:

𝑉𝑜 9.8
= = 1.4
𝑉𝑖 7

That is 70.7 % of Av.

Observations:

In this lab it was found that

 Cut off frequency is always below the maximum gain value and is -3dB and the response
curve for first order circuit increases by a factor of 20db/decade
 The closed loop bandwidth of the amplifier determines the highest frequency and above
cut off point all frequencies are considered to be band pass with filter having a constant
gain of AF
 As the frequency increases the gain of the active high pass filter increases from 0 Hz to
20db/decade (cut off point)
 Gain is never greater than unity i-e amplitude of output signal is never greater than input
which makes the passive filter less prior choice.
 The active RC filter is just same as the passive Rc filter plus additional band pass
frequencies that in fact are just amplifying the output which makes them greater than
input or unity gain. So it makes them preferable

CONCLUSION
It is concluded that the passive filters have always output amplitude less then input and so the
gain is always less than unity to compensate this amplifying elements are induced which makes it
an active filter which indeed passive filter plus band pass amplified signals

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