Correct Pronunciation of Latin According To Roman Usage

z^
THE CORRECT
PRDIVUIVCIATIDIV OF LATIIV
ACCDRDIIVG TO RDMAIV USAGE
Rev. Michael de Angelis, C.R.M., Ph.D.
With Phonetic Arrangements of the Texts of
THE ORDINARY OF THE MASS

REQUIEM MASS
RESPONSES AT MASS
BENEDICTION HYMNS and
HYMNS IN HONOR OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY
Edited by
Nicola A. Montani
Copyright 1937 by the ST. GREGORY GUILD, Inc.
Printed in U. S. A.
Price $1.00 net

Discount for quantities —Postage extra
%.
vijii^'yrsi.
GPiiege of Music
Ubraiy
NIHIL OBSTAT
C. J. KANE
Censor Deputatus
IMPRIMATUR
t THOMAS JOSEPHUS WALSH
Episcopus Novarcetisis
22 juLii 1937
fA
F3 1
Editor's Note: Father De Angelis was born in Anagni (ancient capital city
of the Hernici), situated thirty 'Seven miles southeast of Rome. He received his
early education at the Gymnasium (Grammar and High School) and at the
Seminary of Anagni. In 1904 he went to Rome to pursue his studies in
Philosophy and Canon Law at the Gregorian University. He remained in that
Institution for eight years during which he received the degree of Ph.D. and
the Doctor's degree in Theology. Father De Angelis was ordained by Cardinal
Respighi in the Basilica of St. John Lateran in 1908. In 1912 he was appointed
pastor of the largest parish in Anagni and held that position until he was called
to Rome to establish the new parish of Monte Sacro.
Father De Angelis had for his teachers such renowned professors as Canon
Zapponi, Rector of the Seminary in Anagni and Professor of Greek and Latin;
Canon Professor Anelli and Monsignor Verghetti (renowned Latin scholar and
Hymnographer of the Sacred Congregation of Rites), both students of the
CoUegio Pio at Rome, and Doctors in Theolog}^ After almost a decade of
service in Rome, Father De Angelis came to the United States at the request of
the Most Reverend Thomas J. Walsh, Bishop of Newark, N. J.
Heoccupied the post of Professor of Latin, Itahan and Liturgy at the Immacu-
late Conception Seminary, Darlington, N. J., and at Seton Hall College, South
Orange, N. J., for some years. He was chaplain of Villa Lucia for six years and
wâs Professor of Latin and Apologetics at the same Institution. He was also
instructor of Latin at the Newark Diocesan Institute of Sacred Music. He
has conducted special classes for the teachers of Latin in the Diocesan Schools,
Academies and Colleges and as a result, greater uniformity has been achieved in
the pronunciation of Latin throughout the entire Diocese of Newark. At the
present time he is Rector of St. Joseph's Church, Lodi, N. J.
The work
is timely and acquires particular importance in
publication of this
on the part of the Holy See for the universal
view^ of the repeated requests
adoption of the Roman pronunciation of Latin in speaking and singing the
Liturgical text in Ecclesiastical functions.
It is issued in response to a general demand on the part of scholars,

teachers, choirmasters, organists and singers who desire to obtain the opinion of
a qualified authority on the much-debated question of the true Roman
pronunciation of Latin.
The Correct Pronunciation of Latin
According to Roman Usage*
REV. MICHAEL DE ANGELIS, C.R.M., Ph.D.
CHAPTER I
>^^HE main purpose of this work is to cast light on the and involved
intricate
^^y question of the correct pronunciation of that noble language which has exer'
cised such a great influence on our living languages, not excluding English, which
derives about one'half of its roots from the Latin.
The following statements are addressed to all who are interested in this question,
but are intended particularly for Catholics who are all in some manner or another
concerned in this vital subject.
The brevity of this work does not permit us to refer to the response of the Epis'
copate to the wishes of the Holy See in this matter, but for all there is much to be
gained from a perusal of the following letter addressed to the Archbishop of Bourges,
Louis Ernest Dubois (later Cardinal Archbishop of Paris), by Pope Pius X.
TO OUR VENERABLE BROTHER LOUIS ERNEST DUBOIS
ARCHBISHOP OF BOURGES
VENERABLE BROTHER:
Your letter ofJune 2 1 last, as well as those which We
have received from
a large number of pious and distinguished French Catholics, has shown Us to
Our great satisfaction that since the promulgation of Our PROPRIO MOTU
ofNovember 1903, on Sacred Music, great 2;eal has been displayed in the
22,
different dioceses of France to make the pronunciation of the Latin language
approximate more closely to that used in Rome, and that, in consequence, it
is sought to perfect, according to the best rules of art, the execution of
the Gregorian melodies, brought back by Us to their ancient traditional form.
You, yourself, when occupying the Episcopal See of Verdun, entered upon
this reform and made some useful and important regulations to insure its
success. Welearn at the same time with real pleasure that this reform has
already spread to a number of places and been successfully introduced into
many cathedral churches, seminaries and colleges and even into simple country
churches. The question of the pronunciation of Latin is closely bound up with
that of the restoration of the Gregorian Chant, the constant subject of Our
thoughts and recommendations from the very beginning of Our Pontificate. The
accent and pronunciation of Latin had great influence on the melodic and
rhythmic formation of the Gregorian phrase and consequently it is important
that these melodies should be rendered in the same manner in which they were
artisticallyconceived at their first beginning. Finally the spread of the Roman
pronunciation will have the further advantage as you have already so pertinently
said, of consolidating more and more the work of liturgical union in France, a
unity to be accomplished by the happy return to Roman liturgy and Gregorian
chant. This is why We
desire that the movement of return to the Roman
pronunciation of Latin should continue with the same ::eal and consoling success
which has marked its progress hitherto; and for the reasons given above hope We
that under your direction and that of the other members of the episcopate this
reform may be propagated in all the dioceses of France. As a pledge of heavenly
favors to you. Venerable Brother, to your diocesans, and to all those who have
addressed petitions to Us in the same tenor as your own, We
grant the Apostolic
Benediction.
From the Vatican, July 10, 1912. Pius PP. X.
* Copyright, 1937, The St. Gregory Guild, Inc. Philadelphia, Pa. Printed in U. S. A.
:
His Holiness Pius XI in a letter to Cardinal Dubois added his approval to that
of his predecessor in the following words:
To Our Dear Son, Louis Dubois

Cardinal Priest of the Holy Roman Church
OF THE Title of Sancta Maria in Aquiro,
Archbishop of Paris
POPE PIUS XL
To Our dear son, Health and Apostolic Benediction:
* * * We
also esteem very greatly your plan of urging all who come under
your jurisdiction to pronounce Latin more romano. Not content like Our
predecessors of happy memory, Pius X and Benedict XV, simply to approve this
pronunciation of Latin, We, Ourselves express the keenest desire that all bishops
of every nation shall endeavor to adopt it when carrying out the liturgical
ceremonies.
Lastly, as a pledge of heavenly favors, and in testimony of Our goodwill,
We grant in all charity in our Lord, to you Our dear Son, as also to the clergy
and faithful of your diocese, the Apostolic Benediction.
Given at Saint Peter's, in Rome, Nov. 30, 1928, the seventh year of Our
pontificate.
Pius XI, Pope.
OTHER OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS ON THE ROMAN

PRONUNCIATION OF LATIN
A letter addressed by his Eminence Cardinal Gasparri, to Abbe J. Delporte in reference to
his booklet on Roman pronunciation of Latin
Vatican, June 10, 1920.
Monsieur TAbbe:
I have not failed to present to the Holy Father your booklet on the Roman
pronunciation of Latin. His Holiness being aware of the decisive results obtained
on this point in your region, congratulates you for your contribution in the matter.
Joining his compliments to those you have already received from numerous Bishops
and illustrious personages in France. He hopes that your new work will obtain
all the success you expect and that it will unify the pronunciation of Latin, taking
for basis that which is always alive in the center of Christendom and that which
you have so clearly fixed, even the most elementary rules.
:!: ^ H: H:
By this unity of pronunciation of a language so widely known, the people of

today like those Christians of bygone days, would at last possess this unique and
universal language, that looked for and vainly sought elsewhere. This
we have
greater possibility of mutual relations would be most attractive and would con-
stitute another link for the society of nations, that with other anxious seekers so
ardently desire an unbroken peace.
Since your booklet also tends to this goal, the Holy Father cannot but wish to
your labors a wide success. Its reward and guarantee will be the Apostolic
Benediction that he has charged me to transmit to you.
In fulfilling this agreeable duty, I beg you to accept my personal greetings and
the assurance of my religious devotion in Our Lord.
Cardinal Gasparri.
:
6 The Correct Pronunciation of Latin
There are also two letters from the pen of his Eminence (then Cardinal Secretary of State)
addressed to Dom Marcet, O.S.B., Abbot coadjutor of Notre Dame of Montserrat in Spain.
We will note that it is not only in France where the reform is most necessary, for w-e find these
pressing invitations of the Holy See addressed to all Catholic countries. We
will limit ourselves
in reproducing only the essential passages.
Vatican, July 31, 1919.

Most Reverend Abbot
In his unending solicitude the Holy Father has not lost sight of the happy and
timely initiative taken by you a few years ago by your introduction in your
Monastery of the Roman pronunciation of Latin in order to bring about the
desired uniformity.
His Holiness, having resolved to insist on this point in Spain and in other
countries, would be happy to learn what reception has been given to this wise
reform. . . .
Cardinal Gasparri.
Vatican, September 13, 1919.

Most Reverend Abbot
I have received your letter of the twelfth of August by which you inform me
of the reception given to the adoption of the Roman pronunciation of Latin in

your Monastery, where according to your report the said pronunciation has been
happily introduced. . . .
I have not failed in notifying His Holiness at once of all that you have reported
to me in the letter in question, and His Holiness has commissioned me to inform

you of his satisfaction, not only to you personally, but also to the other religious
of the Abbey who in following your initiative have given proof of a filial and
enlightened respect to the desires of the Holy Father.
Cardinal Gasparri.
aCCORDING to the clearly-expressed wish of our Holy Mother Church our

firstaim should be directed toward the attainment of the Roman pronimcia''
tion of Latin, whatever one's personal opinion might be.
If we had no other reason for observing and adopting the Latin pronunciation
according to Roman usage, the motives of discipline and obedience should be suffi'
cient, for they invite us to unify the various, more or less scientific and more or less
reasonable pronunciations of the same noble language which are in use among the
cultured classes in different parts of the world.
CHIS sense of
lay), choirmasters and
should be
discipline particularly by teachers (reHgious and
singers,
felt
since they are called upon sing the Latin to in
language the praises of God, and celebrate by means of the divine art of song, the
sublime mysteries of reHgion, in the same rite, using the same Scriptural texts, the
same psalms and prayers that the Holy Mother Church uses in all her Liturgy.
ONE mayto the

ask if the Roman pronunciation in actual use corresponds perfectly
phonetics of the Classic period. We
answer, that according to
scientific proofs, no one particular class of people has exactly preserved that pro-
nunciation, but, it is safe to conclude that the pronunciation which is closest to it is
the Roman, and the one preferred.
It is natural to presume that the pronunciation of the classic or golden period did
not come to us in its entirety. We
state that it is natural, because all languages
have their history, changes and evolution. The same thing happened to the Latin
«
According to Roman Usage 7
language, and even to a greater degree, because of the circumstances that accom^
panied and surrounded it in its origin, its development and decadence. It suffices to
say that during the golden age (100 B.C. to 14 A.D.) there were three accents:
tonic, musical and literary or poetical, the latter consisting of short and long vowels.
Now, the tonic alone remains.
Setting aside the consideration of accents, which also have great weight in
phonetics, quite certain that even during the golden period the language was
it is
not uniform for the "substrati" particularly in the cities along the coasts, in the La2;io
district and in Along the coasts, the influence of the Greek was strongly
upper Italy.
felt, in the La2,io the Etruscan, and in upper Italy the Gallic. The same applies to
the Itahan language. It is spoken well by all the cultured people of the Peninsula,
but their pronunciation differs slightly or to a greater degree according to the region
to which they belong. For example: the Tuscan pronunciation of Italian is different
from the Roman, and this, again, is quite distinct from the Neapolitan or Sicilian.
We have the sam.e condition in America where English is pronounced somewhat
differently than in England and where the East, West and South have their indi-
vidual pronunciations and colloquialisms.
It was previously stated that the Latin pronunciation closest to the ancient is
the Roman and therefore to be preferred. May we offer the following reasons:
1. Because the Latin language had its home uninterruptedly in Rome for the
works of the Church, consequently it has never been a dead language but has
always lived and still lives enriched with new concepts and words. Even
the phonetic evolution which has certainly occurred, is most natural and
homogeneous to the language itself.
2. Because the other pronunciations do not have greater claims to authenticity
or certainty in this conformity to Classic Latin since scientific proofs are
lacking. The tact is that for centuries Latin remained unknown amongst the
masses (outside of Italy), but, during this entire period the language was
cultivated, taught grammatically and was spoken generally throughout Italy
and especially in Rome.
3. Because Rome is the center of Catholicism and since the pronunciations are
too varied throughout the world it is necessary to adopt only one. It is of
cultural advantage to have a unified Latin pronunciation according to Roman
tradition in order that learned men throughout the world may easily under-
stand one another.
Unus Cultus Uims Cantus Una Lingua
One Worship One Chant One Language
RULES FOR THE CORRECT PRONUNCIATION OF LATIN

1. The letters of the Latin Alphabet are as follows:
Aa Bb Cc Dd Ee Ff
ah bee chee dee eh eff
G g H h I i
J j
K k LI
^ gee aXkah ee eeloongo \ahppah ell
b08toi"i [JiiJi/arsJty
Oolle-Z} of [vlusic
liorajy
— . — .
8 The Correct Pro n u nc at o m i i of Latin
Mm Nn Oo Pp Qq Rr
emm enn awe pea \oo erreh
Ss Tt Uu Vv Xx Yy
ess tee ooh vee ec\s eepseelawn
Z z
dzettah
2. Vowels: The Vowels are 6 in number, viz;.: A, E, I, O, U, Y.

A-a
A pronounced as "a" in father (not faw, and never as in the word fan or
a is
han). There is no mixture of vowel quality. The Latin is a pure, open vowel, AH
resounding in the upper part of the mouth (hard palate) instead of the throat. It is
not a nasal sound, but when sung or spoken correctly has great resonance and
carrying power. Lips are drawn back slightly (in smihng position) and the jaw is
relaxed. This relaxation of the jaw is probably the most important factor contrib-
uting to the true vocal timbre in the Roman Pronunciation of Latin.
—
Note Syllables capitaHzed in the following examples indicate accent:
Ex.'^MPLES
—
A-men AH-mehn; not ah-meen or Ah-mane (as given by certain choirs and even
heard in phonographic records of Chant)
Alleluia —AhMeh'LOO-eeah;
Sdnctus— SAH?s[K'toos (not Sa)tl('tuhs) ; Gloria
Patri —GLAW'Tccah PAH'tree. (Note—The position of the vowel in the syllable,
or the syllable in a word, does not change the color or timbre of the vowel.)
E-e
E e (eh) is pronounced went, etc. There is never
as in let, met, rent, bent, tent,
any deviation in color or timbre from the short exclamatory "eh!" sound. In
singing, the lower jaw needs to be relaxed somewhat and the tongue should be kept
down (tip touching the front lower teeth) Never give "e'' the long sound "a" as in
.
"way," "bay," etc.

Examples
de — DEH;
— EHT; — EH-raht:
et erat— KEE-ree-eh (not KEE- Kv-ri-e
ree'"ay"); Domine — DAW-mee-neh; Deus — DEH'Oos; Christe— CHREE-steh (not
CHREE'"stay"); miserere— mee'seh'REH'reh (never mee'2;ay'RAT'ray) recom' as
mended in certain text books)
I-i
I i pronounced like "ee" in meet or "i" in machine. The correct produc

(ee) is
tion of this vowel depends upon the control of the lips. The edges of the lips should
be drawn back as when smiling (without grinning, however) The tip of the tongue .
should touch the lower part of the front teeth, but lightly and in no strained manner.
There is no modification of the "ee" sound of "i" in Latin. The sound of "i" as
in the words "tin," "is," "milk" is not to be given to this vowel. It is to be spoken
and sung in a positive manner of "ee" without exception. Final syllables containing
this vowel are softened but there is no loss of vowel quantity in so doing.
Examples
Christe — CHREE-steh: Gloria — GLAW-ree-ah; Domine — DAW-mee-neh;
in EE7<[; nobis —NAW-bees; Dei DEHêe; — —PAH- Filii EEE-lee-ee; Patris
trees.
— ;
O-o
O (aw)pronounced like
is '"''o''' in ''order,'' or like ""a" in "awe." It is never
given the "o" sound as in "oh" or as in "go." The jaw should be loose and the lips
extended only slightly, never as much as when producing the "oo" sound required
for the proper production of the vowel "u."
Examples
—DAW'mee-neh Gloria—GLAW'ree-ah
Domine ; —Vawloon-TAH' ; voluntatis
quoniam — Koo A W'nee'ahm; non — NAWN; mortuos—MAWR-too'aws;
tees;
NEVER —Doh-mee-neh; Glow-ree^dh; Koo-o/pnee-ahm; nohn; mohr^
Voh-lun-tdtis;
too'ohs.
U-u
U u (oo) produced with the lips extended almost in the position of whistling.
is
It has the sound of "oo" in "moon," "doom" or "room": never as "u" in "dumb"
or "numb." It is never given the exaggerated sound of "eeooh," or the French
vowel color of "u." Examples
cum — KOOM; — SPEE-ree-too: tuo — TOO-aw; iDium — OO-noom;
Spiritu
Dominum —DAW'mecnoom Christum—CHREE-stoom Edctum—EAHK-toom
; ;
—een-cahr-TNÂH-toos.
incar?idtus
Y-y
Ty ponounced exactly Hke
(ee) is Latin
— found mostly
the "i "ee. It is in
Greek words.
CHAPTER II.
Consecutive Vowels Diphthongs Double Vowels

General Rule
J^=^
HE general rule regarding the pronunciation of consecutive vowels, diphthongs
\^ J and double vowels is to give each vowel its proper sound. With two excep'
"^" and "CE," each vowel in the word is heard distinctly, particularly
,
tions, viz,.,
when the consecutive vowels belong to separate syllables.
^—CE
The digraphs oz and -eh- exactly like the Latin "e." ExaM'
ce are pronounced
ples: Caelum (or coelum) CHEH-loom; not CHAY'luhm. Practice fluently
coelum et terracCHEH-loom EHT TEHR'reh. (Repeat five or six times with loose
jaw and with active movement of lips and tongue.)
Exercises
—
Qui moerebat et dolebat Kwee mehREHbaht eht dawLEHbaht; Et ascendit in
—
coelum Eht ahSHEN-dit een CHEH-loom; Haec dies Eck DEE-ehs; Et laetemur —
— Eht leh'TEH-moor: Quaecumque voluit Kooeh-KGOM-kooeh VAW-loo-eet; —
—
Requiem aeternam REH-kwecehm eh-TEHR'nahm; Ab hoedis AB EH-dees. —
Exceptions
(A) Ae and ce are given two
sounds whenever the second vowel has a
distinct
diaeresis on it words derived from the Hebrew language. Examples:
and (B) in
— —
(A) Poesis paw'EH'sees: Poema paw-EH-mah: Aer AHehr; Aerope ah-EH- — —
raw'peh: (B) Michael—MEE-kah-ehl: Raphael—RAH-fah-ehl.
AI—OU
Vowel sounds words —LAH'ee'
are very clearly differentiated in such as laicus
koos; ait —AHêet; coutuntur—Kawoo'TOON-toor; prout—PRAW-oot.
AU—EU—AY
These vowels generally form one syllable but both are distinctly heard. Should
there be a series of noteson this syllable the singer is obliged to vocali2;e the passage
on the first vowel (without conglomerating the sounds), introducing the second
vowel at the very last instant before singing the next syllable.
Examples
— PAHoo'lee; Lauda — LAH*oo'dah; laudamus — lah^-oo-DAH-moos;
Pauli
exaudi — eg'SAHoo'dee; euge — EH'OO'jeh; euntes — eh-OON'tehs; — Eusebii
ehoo'SEH'bee'ee; —Eh'00'STAH'kee'ee;Raymundi—Rah-ee-MOOiJ-dce.
Eustachii
See Musical Illustrations 1'2'3.
MO. 1
* Iz: 34; %^'î
4P3r
-Ji
lET^ ^=^?fl^
Lie- lu- ia. y. Lduda,
'J-
^^.^
:5-r
Je-ju saiem, Doriinurn | lau- - da JDe- um
--^3 OJî^^
-tcg^
_ — -4-— c4fl-
. oo^ôiaJL
m.i
y\i^"^> j^^^,^jt—t-%
,
'
fsssi
vs- tem Dominiim
t^^^^^^^^ 4
The "h" is silent; it is here introduced solely to insure the correct pronunciation of ah (a).
According to Roman Usage kl
A/0.3
Ant. ^_ T^-y-^
l.D
-* — — — —-
- =
e U- Qe, * serve bone et fide- lis. qui- a in pau-
('['iinnrniTtîP
EI
In such words as mei, did, deltas, the vowels are clearly and separately sounded,
viz.: MEH-ee, dee-EH-ee, DEH'ce-tahs; but when treated as an interjection Hei,
it is sung or spoken as one syllable, viz;.: EHEE.
UI—UE—UA—UO
When ''U" is preceded by Q NG
and followed by another vowel as in the
or
words ''Qui," "Sanguis,'' etc., the weight or pressure
is placed on the second vowel
(in contrast to the rule given for the pronunciation of AU, EU). Examples- Qui
— KooEE; Quae— KooEH; Quam— KooAHM; Quod— KooAWD; Sanguis—
—
SAHN'goo-ees; Quoniam Koo-AW-nee-ahm; Loquebar Law-kooEH-bahr. —
See Musical Illustrations 4'5..
AiOH-
. . .^^^^
ciWs:
'
n; ^ .
-i^'A. I
. \^,, J
Spf- ri-tus, A- qua, et San-guis : et hi
ft . , ^.^ /s
?irT]n"ni'^4-hr' rirrn ji^^n-i\
s i
- - - s,
Afor
'!La^-^ ^ no- mini
St:
e- jus, quo- ni- am

>.-J
su-
est psal- li- te
In other instances when ''U" is followed by another vowel the general rule
applies; both vowels are clearly heard and are differentiated only in the accentuation
or stress (the last vowel is always softened).
'
Examples
Tua—TOO-ah; Tui—TOO-ee; Tuae—TOO-eh; Tuo—TOO-aw.
Exceptions
—
Cui KOO-ee is generally treated as a word of two syllables but in the hymn at
Lauds for the Feast of the Epiphany because of the metre it is necessary to treat the
word as one syllable. ("Major Bethlem cui contigit.'') (almost like KWEE
qui'KWEE). See Musical Illustration No. 6.
\J s6-la magnin<7« urbi- um Mi-jor Bdthlem, cui c6nti-git Diicem sa-lu-tis cadli- tus
CONSECUTIVE VOWELS
When vowels follow in consecutive order it is often the case
like or different
that one or the other ehded. For clear cut speech it is essential that each vowel
is
be distinctly uttered —
not in a staccato fashion, but in a manner that will serve to
equalise the vowels in color if not in intensity.
Examples
incorrect correct
Filii — generally sung Fill FEE-lee-ee
Evangehi — generally sung
AAron— generally sung
Evangeli Eh-vahn-JEH-lee-ee
Ahron AH-ah-rawn
Ait — generally sung Aht AHeet
Alleluia— generally sung AlleluYAH AhWeh-LOO-eeah
Gloria— generally sung GZoryah GLAW-reeâh
In —generally sung
atriis Inatris EenÂH-tree'ees
VOWELS AT THE CONJUNCTION OF WORDS

Among speakers and singers there is also a tendency to connect vowels at the
end of a word with the beginning of the next word, particularly when these happen
to be like vowels. A
gentle but clear separation of vowels is essential to good
diction.
Examples incorrect correct

conspectu
justi in . . . Justiin or Justin conspectu . . YOO-stee een Kawn-SPEK-too
Domine exaudi Dominexaudi DAW'mecneh eg-SAHoo'dee
Lauda anima mea. . .Laudanima mea LAHoo-dah AH-nee'mah
. —
CHAPTER III.
Consonants
Consonants serve the purpose of opening and closing the doors to the vowel
sounds. They are generally "sounded with" the vowels. They have little vocal
sound of their own, but serve to initiate or bring to a close the vowels with which
they are associated. Consonants should never obstruct the vowel sounds. On
the contrary, they should give right of way to the vowel and be so articulated as
to give impetus and direction to the usually prolonged vowel sound. Singers and
speakers depend upon the consonants to project the tone to the proper resonators
in the facial mask. Consequently, it is not only essential to good diction to know
how to produce the vowels correctly; it is equally important to understand the
vocal principles involved in the correct articulation of consonants whether in Latin
or in other languages.
The Latin consonants are: B, C, D, F, G, H, K, L, M, N, P, Q, R, S, T,
V, X, z.
B
B is articulated as in English. The
closed to obstruct the breath
lips are first
which fills the mouth. An explosive effect
achieved by the sudden opening of the
is
lips. The vowel sound which follows is clarified when the lips are tightly com'
pressed and released very sharply in articulating the initial consonant of a syllable.
Exercises
BAH— BEH— BEE— BAW— BOO
ba — be — bi — bo — bu
Staccato: Repeated 5 to 10 times with increasing speed.
Avoid a laggard motion of lips. There should be no undue movement of the jaw
in making these sharp strokes with the lips.
""
3ah Beh .BtE,Bavtr'£ro-9 '0Ai3AH,3/VH Bah, "Beh, 3EH,B£H,B£H,-5££,oe£ Bc-e,3fE;BAv^B/(vvfiAwJifliv;.pa<?
Examples
— ah'MAH-bat; docebat — daw-CHEH-baht; benedicta — beh-neh-
Amabat
DEEK'tah; bonae — BAW-neh.
C
C has two sounds, either the hard sound of K as in ""common," "curtain," etc.,
or the soft sound of c as in "check," "cheer," "church," etc. The soft sound of C
is used in Latin when the letter precedes the vowels "e," "i," "y" and the diph'
thongs "ffi," "oe" and "eu."

Examples
— —
Luceat LOO-cheh-aht; civitas CHEE-vectahs; caelum (or coelum) CHEH' —
— —
loom; amici ah-MEE-chee; cives CHEE-vehs; certus CHEHR-toos; vocet — —
VAW'chet; fecit —
FEH-cheet; societatis sawchee-eh'TAH-tees; cithara —
CHEE'tah-rah; benedicimus —
beh-neh-DEE-chee-moos; crucifixus croo-chee- —
—
FEE'Xus; procedenti prawcheh-DEHN-tee; cernui CHEHR'noo-ee; cym-balum —
— CHEEM'bah'loom (not SEEM-bah-loom)
. —
C is given the hard sound of K when it precedes the vowels a-o-u, and before
consonants.
Examples
Caterva —
kah'TEHR'vah; caro KAH-raw; corda —KAWR-dah; s^cula — —
SEH'koO'lah; caecus —
CHEH-koos; cruce KROO-cheh; credo —
KREH-daw; —
sanctus —
SAHNK-toos (not sank-tuhs); amicti ah-MEEK-tee; cuncta — —
KOONK'tah.
CC
The sound of double C before e, i, ae, oe, and y is like "tch" in the word "fetch."
Examples
Ecce —EH'tcheh (a sharp separation of syllables is to be made in order that
the second C may be given a decisive stroke with tip of tongue); accipe
AH'tchec'peh.
CH
Ch before any vowel is given the hard sound of K without exception.
Examples
—KAH-ree-tahs: charta—KAHR-tah;
Charitas Cham —KAHM; machina
MAH-kecnah chimaera—KEE'meh'rah
;
C at the end of a word is generally sounded as K.

Examples
Huic— OO-eek; nunc—NOONK; haec— ECK; hoc— AWK; illuc— EEL-look.
D
Whether found end of a syllable, this consonant must
in the beginning or at the
be crisply articulated. The tongue prepares for the sound by touching the upper
gums near the junction of teeth and gums and by a quick movement downwards
releases the accumulated breath. The more incisive the stroke of the tip of the
tongue the more distinct will be the articulation. Care must be taken not to
anticipate the consonant by the introduction of a preliminary humming sound or a
sound that approaches the peculiar ''Uh" quality often heard in singing and speak'
ing. —
(UhDominus Vobiscum Caused by forcing the breath against the palate
while the tongue is held against the upper gums.)
Examples
D as initial consonant of syllable or word: de—DEH; Domino —DAW-mee-naw;
—lah-oo-DAH-moos;
laudamus —DEH-oos; mundi—MOON-dee; dexteram
Deus
—DECKS'teh-rahm.
D at the end of the syllable: Ad—AHD (not Ahd-duh); idipsum — ee-DEEP-
soom.
Two d's at conjunction of words: ad dexteram —AHD-DECKS-teh-rahm (not to
be exaggerated into Adduh'DECKS-teh'rahm). llie two d's are clearly articulated
— the ending "d" enunciated softly while the initial is given a more decided stroke.
Exercises
be of some benefit to practice repeated strokes of the tongue, reciting or
It will
singing the same exercise as given for B, using D in place of B, viz: dah, deh, dee,
daw, doo. For the singer it will also be worth while to change the exercise to an
ascending and a descending series of five notes of the scale, viz:
—
"RctJCtvt-. tcsini, a-tl^^^-"''"^^'^'^V^yv^ ^-S/vpiCATeJ) i^Cncfijenc sty^^S'Oj. e,f-s ti^^^ tfYMjuJL)
IfVH, De«, Dee. ,

7ah', Dffo '^1>Ati, Ten, Jee, Jai*', Po^
7ah, Tth_, Tte, P/i^, "êc r- Tah , ^£rf, t-£E:,-l-/tvi/, Too.
K+H '
Keh
--^
Ke£
--^-Kw/in/,
— /Coo.
,V o j.
rP Knn
o r, '
/fest
'• —
K^he-, <=»v*' ^c"
F and V
F, a labial, like B, P and V,
produced by stretching the lower lip for a con-
is
siderable extent under the upper teeth, and with a rapid movement forward explod'
ing the accumulated breath into a vocali2,ed sound of F (eff). Both consonants
generally suifer in production from a '"too-lackadaisical" movement of the lips. It
is necessary to energize the lips sufficiently to cause them to move apart or forward
with the instantaneous action of a gun-trigger or a rubber band when released from
high tension.
Exercises
Fah, feh, fee, faw, foo. (Sung or spoken rapidly.) The exercises given for other
consonants may be utilized.
Vah, veh, vee, vaw, voo. Good results in speaking or singing so far as clarity in
articulation is concerned will depend upon the development of the lip and tongue
muscles, through well planned exercises, which should be practiced daily.
G like C has two sounds: (a) soft like g in general, gender, or (b) hard like g in
get, go, garden, govern, etc.
It is soft before e, i, oe, ae and y.
Examples
Genus — JEH-noos (j, in these examples is given the usual English pronuncia-
tion) : genitori ——
jeh-nee-TAW-ree; unigenite oo-nee-JEH-nee-teh; regina reh- — —
JEE-nah; intingit een-TEEN-jeet.
It is hard in every other case except when followed by n. (See GN.)
Examples
—GLAH-dee-oos;
Gladius —GLAW-ree-ah; gloria sanguis —SAHN-gooees; ego
—EH-gaw; plaga—PLAH-gah; ergo —EHR-gaw; Gallia —GAHL-lee-ah.
GN
The English equivalent to the sound of the Latin gn is found in the combination
of ny with the vowels (as in cafiyon). The last syllable of the word Dominion
gives a fairly accurate impression of the sound. However, when "Gn" occurs at
the beginning of a word it is given the natural English sound.
Examples
Agnus —AH-nyoos AH-neeyoos) igne—EE-neeyeh (Note—the
( ; last syllable is
quickly amalgamated one sound); magnam —MAH-neeyahm; dignum —DEE-
in
neeyoom; magnificat — mah-NEEYEE-fee-caht; Gnaeus —GUHNEH-oos.
H
H is not exactly a consonant. should never be aspirated as in English. It is
It
heard (a) when it is joined with p (ph) and is pronounced as f. Example:
. . —
16 The Correct Pronunciatiox of Latin
Philosophus —fee'LAW'saw'foos.
(b) When it is between c and the vowels
e, i and o. —
Examples: chirografus kee-RAW'grah'foos; pulcher POOL'kehr; —
—
chorus KAW-roos. (c) In two words, mihi and nihil where the h is pronounced
as ch (k)—MEE'kee; NEE-keel.
(It is worthy of note that the spelling of these words in ancient manuscripts was
michi and nichil (meekee and neekeel)
It is also to be observed that the spelling of Hosanna in the old Graduales and
early Chant books was "Osanna."
In all other cases the H is silent.
J
often written as I,
J, is ponounced as Y -ee. It is combined into one sound with
succeeding vowels, vi2;: — Jesus —
eeYEH'SOOs; jam eeYAHM; Jerusalem eeyeh' —
ROO'sah'lem; —MAH'eeyohr;
major ejus—EH'ceyoos: judicium —eeyoo DEE'
chee-oom; adjuva — AHD-eeyoo-vah; Joannes — eeyoh-AHNess; —eeyah-
Jacobi
CAW'bee.
K
K is found in two words: Kalendae —kah-LEN'deh, the first day of the month,
and Kaeso — KEH'saw, a proper name. It is pronounced the same as in English.
L
In articulating this consonant the tongue tip touches the point at the junction of
upper teeth and palate and makes a rapid downward stroke to its normal position.
Energetic action of the tip of tongue is necessary for crisp attack. In words con'
taining the double 1 the tongue should remain at rest for an instant before attacking
the second 1. A
common fault is to permit the tip of the tongue to return to the
roof of the mouth immediately after having articulated the consonant. There
should be no preliminary sound in anticipation of the stroke, viz;: uhl-lah.
Examples
Lauda — LAH-oodah; laeva LEH'vah; liberasti —
lee-beh'RAH'Stee; lucis — —
—
LOO'chees; alleluia ahMeh-LOO-eeyah; illuc EEL'look; illud EEL-lood. — —
M
HOR the proper articulation of this consonant the hps are first pressed tightly
together then quickly released in a sharp explosive manner. The crisp move'
ment of the lips in breaking apart is essential to the effective projection of the vowel
which generally follows this consonant. This sharp stroke is indicated particularly
when the consonant initiates the word.
Examples
— MEH'ah; meus — MEH-oos: mihi — MEE-kee; mater — MAH-tehr;
M^'a
—mawree'EH-toor;
mori^'tur —MOO'lee'ehr; M secondary
7nz/lier as a part of a
not given
syllable sharp
is move apart
as manner. Amen
a stroke: the lips in a gentler
—AH'mehn (not AH'mane AH'main) Dominus—DAW'mee-noos; laudamus
or ;
lah'OO'DAH'moos. M
at the end of a word is given a still lighter stroke. There
should be no additional vowel (as is often heard) at the close of the word. Ex.:
—
mrtgnam MAH'neeyahm (not MAH'neeyahm'muh) gidriam GLAW'ree-ahm; —
—DECKS'teh-rahm — deh'preh'cah'tsee-AW'uem
;
d^'xteram ; deprecationem
—
Note: Avoid anticipating the consonant in such words as Amen —AHM-en;

—
Ddminus DAWM'eC'noos; homznibus awm'EE'nee-boos. — For effective speak-
ing or singing necessary to prolong the vowel in each syllable to at least two-
it is
thirds the length of the consonant.
N
What has been said regarding the articulation of the letter applies equally well M
to the consonant N
with the exception that the tongue is utiHzied for the stroke in
place of the lips.
A sharp downward stroke made by
the tip of the tongue beginning at the hard
is
palate close to the teeth and then descending to its normal position in the mouth.
There should be no simultaneous movement of the jaw. The jaw simply remains
devitali2;ed, permitting the independent movement of tongue or lips.
Examples
Tôn —NAWN
(the closing n is silent; the tongue moves against the hard palate,
producing a humming sound. The exaggerated vowel ending should be avoided
vi2;., NAWN-nuh);7Tomine — NAW'meC'neh; — NAW-bees; — ?7obis )idstro
NAW'Straw; nuy7c — — —
NOONK; mundi MOON-dee; sdnctus SAHNK-toos
(never SANK'tuhs). Double be hosmma
n's are to clearly differentiated, e.g.:
aw'SAHN-nah; nonne—NAWN^neh; —een-naw-TCHEN'tehs.
innoc^'ntes
Exercises
The exercises given in the part of this chapter may be used with benefit in the produc
first
tion of the remaining consonants, either with music or without. The main object is to acquire
facihty in the rapid articulation of the consonants which involve the use of tongue and lips.
Increasing the speed gradually will greatly assist the student in overcoming the throaty,
raucous quality of tone which proceeds from a lack of co-ordination between the lungs, the
tongue and lips.
P
When the letter P occurs at the beginning of a word it is sounded briskly with a
preparatory closed-lip action (lips are pressed tightly together and given a corrc
sponding quick release) Avoid any lackadaisical movement, particularly when this
.
letter coincides with an accented syllable.
Examples
Pax—PAHCKS; pl^'ni— PLEH-nee; jb^'ter— PAH-tehr; /^rt'Imis— PAHL-mees;
/^zHchra —POOL-krah; p^'tre —PAH-treh; propter —PRAWP-tehr; bapt/sma
bahp'TEE-smah; spfritu — SPEE-ree-too; spir/tui — spee-REE-too-ee; perp/tua —
pehr-PEH'too-ah.
PH
PH is pronounced as f — vi2;.:phrenetici —freh-NEH' tee-tehee.
Q
Q is best produced by extending the lips as in the position of whistling. The
lips initiate the sound of Koo which precedes the vowel. As in other instances
the rapid action of lips insures the projection of the tone to its proper focal point in
the hard palate.
. —
Examples
qui— KWEE; qu/a— KWEE-ah; qtnd— KWEED: qiimn— KWAM; quae—
KWEH; quaes/vi—kweh'SEE'vee; qiirtjido— KWAHN-daw; quos—KWAWS
quare —
KWAH'reh; loqu^'tur —
law-kooEH'toor; tib/quae tee-BEE'kweh —
qudniam —
KWAW'nee'ahm; quotiesciimque —
kooawtzee'es'KOOM'kooeh
3.equdlis —eh'kooAH'lees; — ee-NEE'kooee'tahs; usquequaque—oos'kweh'
in/quitas
KWAH'kweh. Note: Where the "Koo" is indicated in the phonetic arrangement
this sound should be quickly merged into the succeeding vowel. "KW" is also used
to convey the same impression and to facilitate a more rapid fusion of sounds.
Exercises
In rapid succession sing or speak the follovvîng words: que, qui, qua, quo:
KWEH, KWEE, KWAH, KWAW.
Repeat with increasing speed and with
sharper movement of the lips.
R
The R is when it occurs at the beginning of a word: it is not rolled
rolled slightly
so decidedly when
occurs in the middle or at the end of a word or syllable.
it
The vibration or trilMike movement of the tongue takes place at the forward
upper portion of the hard palate and is caused by the pressure of breath against the
tip of the tongue which oscillates back and forth against the palate. Many are
incapable of rolling the r. Energetic action of the breath is required to create the
regular movements of the tongue'tip through focussed pressure. It is needless to say
that the over'roUed r savors of pure affectation.
Examples
R^gnum —RREH'neeyoom; —
regma rreh'GEE-nah; rt'spice RREH-spee-cheh; —
refulsit— —
rreh-FOOHL-seet; rer^'la rrehWEH'lah; personae pehr^SAW'neh; —
)2d5tra — — —
NAW'Strah; aet^'rna eh-TEHR-nah; cor CAWR; sniper SOO-pehr —
(not suh'purr) conse qu^mur
; —
cawn'seh'KWAH-moor.
Note: The rule already given, vi2;., that a consonant should never he anticipated,
apphes with particular force to the r. For instance, Kyvie should not be pronounced
—
KYRR-eceh but KEE'receh; te'rram pronounced Teh'rahm, not TERRR'ahm;
mdrtuis pronounced MAWR'tocees, not MOHRR-too'ces: gloria is GLAW^recah,
not GLAWRR-ee-ah.
Another common fault is the overemphasis given to the final 'V in such words as
"super," etc. Semper is often pronounced sem-purrr instead of SEHM-pehr. Con-
fundar is incorrectly pronounced confiDidarr instead of cawn'FOON'dahr.
S
S is given the same sound as in the English words son, sound, sing and case. It
should never be given the sound of Z as in raise, praise or daê.

Examples
—sah'pee'EHN-tzee'eh;
Sapientiae —sehn'TEE — SEE'koot.
sentire reh: sicut
Reges— REH'jehs (not rayjayz); caedes—TCHEH-dehs (not tchaydays); itrbes
—OOR'behs; homines—AW-mee-nehs; —DEE-ehs (not DEEâys); dies res
REHS (not raise)
Note: When s is found between two vowels it is sHghtly softened, e.g.,
mise?v're — mee-seh'REH'reh (not mis'Crr'rayray) ; misericordiae — mee'seh'rec
CAWR'dee-eh.
. —
SS
The rule regarding double consonants (which generally demands a clear'Cut separa'
tion of each consonant), is somewhat modified in the case of the double "s" in the
middle of words, such as ''altissimus,"'"' "sublet'dsset," ""cessassent," "misericordiS'
simae," "esse," "possideat,"" etc. The tip of the tongue is raised to the hard palate
on the first '"'"s" and is held for an instant, then released for the articulation of the
second "s"; e.g., Ahl'TEES'see-moos, soob4eh'VAHS'seht, chehs-SAHS-sent, mee'
seh-rec'cawr-DEES'see-meh, EHS'seh, paws'SEE-deh-aht. An elongation of the "s"
is thus effected, but this should not approach an exaggerated hissing sound.
SC
SC before e, i, y, ae, oe, eu has the sound of sh in shed, shall, she or shore.
Examples
Desc^'ndit —deh'SHEN'deet; —VEE'sheh'rah; —ah-SHEN'deet;
v/scera- asc^^'ndit
scelus — SHEH'loos; — reh'kwecEH'shet;
requie'scet — tah'BEH'shet; tabescet
—SOO'she-peh;
5//5cipe —SOO-she-tahns; 5c/mus— She-moos;
s//5citans 7T('7scitur
NAH'shee'toor; —kwee-EH'sheet; —SHEE-aw;
quiescit —SHEH-nah; scio 5C<^na
Francisce — Frahn'TCHEE'sheh; Damasci — dah-MAH-shee.
SC
SC before A, O or U is pronounced as sc in the English word scope or scholar,
or as s\ in skull.
Examples
— skah-BEHL-loom
Scabellum — SKOO-taw; — reh-kwecEH'
; sciito requie'scat
— PAH-skah; cogndsco — cawneeAW'skaw; abscdndito — ahb'
skaht; Pischa
SKAWN'dee'taw; obscur^'ntur — awb'skoo'REHN-toor.
SCH
Sch has the same sound as in Enghsh. Schdla —SKAW'lah; Schol(istica
ska W'L AH'Stee'kah
T
(The appears under a separate heading)
rule for ti
T at the beginning of words is given the same sound as in English. It is articulated

in a crisp manner but without any explosive or blowing sound. The tip of the
tongue releases the accumulated breath by a rapid movement from the hard palate
to the normal position.
Examples
Tempord.—TEHM-paw-rah; —TEE-bee: tuo—TOO-aw; tfbi te-TEH; t^'rra
TEHR-rah; —TAWL-lees;
to'Ilis —TAHN-toom; trt)itum testain^'ntum — teh-stah-
MEN-toom: —TEHR-reh.
t^'rrae
At the end of words the t is clearly defined by the tip of the tongue, but not in
such an exaggerated manner as to give forth an added vowel sound, e.g., et EHT, —
not ETTUH: ut— OOT, not OOTTUH. A
softer sound is given to the t in such
—
words as e'tenim EHT-eh-neem; utraque OO'trah'kweh; uterque oo'TEHR' — —
kooeh, etc.
General Rule
Within the sentence, when words end with a consonant and the following word
begins with another consonant, both must be pronounced separately, e.g., et c^'tera
—"EHT TCHEH'teh-rah; laud^'bunt — lahoo-DAH-boont te teh; qui ti'ment
Ddminum —kwee TEE-mehnt DAW-mee-noom.
. —
;
On the contrary some prepositions must be jointly pronounced when words

which follow begin with a vowel, e.sj.: et <^'it EHTAH-eet; ab ilh AHB-EEL-— —
law; ut ipse— OOHT'EEP'seh; Deusêt homo— DEH-oos-EHTAW-maw.
TH
Th is pronounced simply t as in the English words: to, ten, Tom, tent; never as
in thought or then.
Examples
Cat/io'licam — Kah-TAW-lee-cahm; Thes^'itrus — teh'SAHoo-roos; Thdrsis —
TAHr-sees; Theos —TEH-aws; Thomas—TAW'mahs; thema—TEH-mah.
TI
(a)When the syllable ti is followed by a vowel and preceded by any letter except
S.T. or X it is pronounced tzee or tsee (not tee).
Examples
—GRAH-tbce-ah; deprecationem—deh'preh'cah-tsee'AW-nem (not day
Gr<7tia
praycah'tee-OH-nem) — TEHR-tseeâh; sper^ntium — speh-RAHN'tsec
; t^'rtia
oom; — leh-TEE-tsee-ahm;
laet/tiam —sah'tsee-eh'TAH-tees; redemptionis
satiet^tis
—reh'dehmp'tsee'AW-nees; —PEH-tsee-ee; —TAW-tsee-oos;
p^'tii tdtius ^'tiam
Eh'tsee-ahm; — tree-STEE'tsee-ah; hquentium — lawKWEN-tsee-oom
trist/tia
morie'ntium — mawree'EHN-tsecoom; malignaVitium — mah'lee'neeAHN-tsee'
oom : — een-awTCHEN'tsecawr.
innoce'ntior
(b) When ti is followed by any vowel and is preceded by s, t or x it retains its
own sound.
Examples
lustior —eeOO'Stee-awr; mod^'stia — mawDEH'Stecah; rtttius —AHT'tecoos;
mixtio—MEECKS'tee-aw.
Ti
(c) (or ty) retains its own sound also in certain Greek words, e.g.: Ti^'ra
tee-AH-rah; — asty<'zges ah-stee-AH'jess; asty<7nax —ah'Stee-AH-nahcks.
(d) Ti also retains its normal sound in the case of the infinitive of the deponent
and passive verbs when enlarged.
Examples
Prttier —PAH'tee-ehr; (from
tv'rtier —VEHR'tec'ehr
— PAH'tee and pati verti
—VEHR'tee). Corn; Mi — cawhn'VEHR-tee; convertkr — cawn^VEHR'tee'ehr;
patior— PAH'tee'awr.
V
V is treated exactly as in English (see exercises at letter F)
X
X a double consonant; a combination of cs, gs, or ks. It
is is given the softer
sound of gs at the beginning of words when is preceded by e X and followed by a
vowel — or when between x and a vowel there occurs the letter h or s.
Examples
Exalto — eg'SAHL'taw (not eck-ZAHL'taw) — eg-SEHR'cheh-aw; exe'rceo
— eg'SAW'ptaw; — eg-SOOL'taw; exhibeo — eg-SEE-beh-aw;
;
exdpto exsulto
exsupero — eg'SOO-peh-raw; — EG-soO'lehs; — eg'SOOR'jeh;
e'xsules exsiirge
vexilla —veg-SEEL'lah.
In every other instance it takes on the harder sound of X (eck).
—
Examples
—eck'SHELL'sees; pax—PAHCKS; vox—VAWCKS; excussdrum
Excelsis
ecks'koos'SAW'room; Xavier — CKSAH'vee'ehr; or ZAH'vee'ehr; lux —
LOOCKS; —eck-SHEH-ssoos; ex—ECKS;
exce'ssus —reh'soo'RRECK' resurre'xit
seet:exposcite — ecks-PAW'shee-teh; — TOO'treecks; praednxit — preh'
tutrix
CHEENCKS-eet.
Y (Same as I)
Z is pronounced dz,. Examples: Lazârus — LAH-dzah-roos; — 2,iz<inia dzee-

DZAH-nee-ah; 2;flus — DZEH-loos; Zebedae'o — dzeb-eh'dah'EH-aw.
CHAPTER IV
THE ORDINARY OF THE MASS
Phonetically arranged**
ASPERGES ME
On Sundays, except during Eastertide.
Asperges me, Domine, hyssopo, et mun- Ah-SPEHR'gesMEH,* DAW^mee-neh,
ee- SAW -pah, EHT moon-DAH-
dabor; lavabis me et super nivem deal- bawr; lah'VAH-bees MEH, EHT
SOO'pehr HE&wehm deh-ahl-BAH-
babor. bawr.
Ps. Miserere mei, Deus* secundum Ps. Mee-seh-REH-reh MEH-ee, DEH-
oos,* seh - K007\[ doom MAH-nee-
'
magnam misericordiam tuam. yahm mee'seh'ree'KAWR'decahm

TOO-ahm.
(1) Gloria Patri, et Filio, et Spiritui (1) GLAW-ree-ah PAH-tree EHT
FEE'lee-aw, EHT spee'REF-too'ce
Sancto.* Sicut erat in principio, et SAHNK'taw.* SFE'koot FH-raht
EEKl Preen-CHEF'pee-aw, EHT
nunc, et semper, et in saecula saecu- KOOHK EHT SFHM'pehr, EHT
FEN SFH'koo'lah seh-koo-LAW-
lorum. Amen. room. AH'mehn.
(Asperges is repeated from the beginning (Asperges is repeated from the beginning
to the Psalm.) to the Psalm.)
VIDI AQUAM
(Sung on Sundays during Eastertide)
Vidi Aquam* egredientem de templo a VFF-dee AH-kooahm* eh-greh^dec

FHN'tehm DFH TFHM-plaw, AH
latere dextro, alleluia; LAH-teh-reh DFCK-straw, AhMeh-
LOO-eeah;
et omnes ad quos pervenit aqua ista, FHT A WM^nehs AHD kooAWS pehr'
VFH-neet AH'kooah FF-stah, SAHL-
salvi facti sunt, et dicent: Alleluia, vee FAHK-tee-SOONT', FHT DFF-
chehnt; AhMeh-LOO-eeah, AhMeh-
alleluia. LOO-eeah.
* The
"Gloria Patri" is omitted on Passion and Palm Sundays.
** Phonetic arrangement Copyright 1937: The St. Gregory Guild. Phila., Pa.
—
Ps. Confitemini Domino quoniam bonus; Ps. Kawn'fee-TEH'mee'nee DAW'mee-

naw KooAW'nee-ahm BAW^noos;
quoniam in saeculum misericordiam KooA W
nee ahm ££7\[ SEH-koo-
' '
loom mee'seh'ree'KAWR'dee'ahm
ejus. EH'yoos.
Gloria Patri, et Filio, et Spiritui Sancto,* GLAW-ree-ah PAH-tree EHT FEE-lee-
aw, jEHT spee-REE'too-ee SAHNK-
taw* -
Si'cut erat in principio, et nunc et semper, S££'koot EH-raht EEH preen-CHES-

pee-aw, EHT KlOOliK, EHT SEHM-
et in saecula saeculorum. Amen. pehr, EHT EEH S£H'koo4ah seh-
koo'LAW'room. AH'mehn.
("Vidi Aquam'"" is repeated from the C'Vidi Aquam" is repeated from the
beginning to the Psalm.) beginning to the Psalm).
RESPONSES AFTER THE ASPERGES OR THE VIDI AQUAM

1 Celebrant: V. Ostende nobis, D6' 1— Celebrant: V. Aw'STEHN'deh
mine, misericordiam tuam. (During T^ÂW'bees, DAW-mee-neh, mee-seh-
Eastertide "Alleluia" is added.) ree-KAWR'dee-ahm TOO-ahm:
(During Eastertide add AhMeh-
LOO-eeah.)
1 Choir: R. Et salutare tuum da nobis. I— Choir: EHTsah-loo-TAH-reh
R.
(During Eastertide ''Alleluia'' is TOO-oom DAH
NAW-bees. (Dur-
added.) ing Eastertide "AhMeh-LOO-eeah"
is added.)
2 Cel.: V. Domine exaudi orationem 2—Cel.: V. DAW-mee-neh eg-SAHoo-
meam. dee aw-rah-tsee-AW-nehm MEHâhm.
2 Choir: R. Et clamor meus ad te 2—Choir: R. EHT CLAH-mawr MEH-
veniat. oos AHD TEH VEH-nee-aht.
3 — Cel.: V. Dominus vobiscum. 3—Cel.: V. DAW-mee-noos vaw-BEE-
skoom.
3 Choir: R. Et cum Spiritu tuo. }>—Choir: R. EHT KOOM SPEE-ree-
too TOO-aw.
4 — V. Oremus, etc. (Prayer clos-
Cel.: —
4 Cel.: V. Aw-REH-moos (Prayer
ing with "Per Christum Dominum closing with PEHR CHREE-stoom
nostrum." DAW-mee-noom JsÂW-stroom.)
4 Choir: R. Amen. 4— Choir: R. AH-mehn.
KYRIE ELEISON
Kyrie eleison (3 times) K£E-ree-eh eh-LEH-ee-sawn (3 times)
Christe eleison (3 times) KREE-steh eh-LEH-ee-sawn (3 times)
Kyrie eleison (3 times) KEE-ree-eh eh-LEH-ee-sawn (3 times)
— —
GLORIA IN EXCELSIS DEO

Celebrant: Gloria in excelsis Deo. Celebrant: GLAW-ree-ah EEH eck-
SHELL'sees DEH'aw.
Choir: Et in terra pax hominibus bonx Choir: EHT EEH TEH-rrah PAHCKS
voluntatis. awMEE-nee-boos BAW'neh vaw
loon-TAH'tees.
Laudamus te. Benedicimus te. Adora' Lah'OO'DAH-moos TEH. Beh-neh-DEE-
mus te. Glorificamus te. Gratias agi' chee-mooS'TEH. Ah-dawRAH-moos
mus tibi propter magnam gloriam TEH. Glawree-fee-KAH-moos'TEH.
GRAH'tsee-ahs AH-jee-moos TEE-
tuam.
bee PRAWP'tehr MAH-neeyahm
GLAW-ree-ahm TOO-ahm.
Domine Deus. Rex coelestis, Deus Pater DAW-mee-neh DEH-oos. RREHCKS
cheh'LEH'Stees, DEH-oos PAH-tehr
omnipotens. Domine Fili unigenite, awm-'7\[EE'paw'tehns. DAW'mee-
neh EEE'lee oo'nee-JEH'nee-teh,
Jesu Christe. TEH'Soo KREE'Steh.
Domine Deus, Agnus Dei, Filius Patris. DAW-mecneh DEH-oos AH^neeyoos
DEHêQ, FEE'lee-oos PAH-trees.
Qui tollis peccata mundi: miserere nobis. KooEE TAWL'lees Peck -KAH- tab
MOON'dee, mee-seh-REH-reh
NAW'bees.
Qui tollis peccata mundi, suscipe deprc KooEE TAWL'lees Peck -KAH- tab
M007\['dee SOO-shee-peh deh-preh-
cationem nostram. cah'tsee-AW'nehm T^ÂW-strahm.
Qui sedes ad dexteram Patris, miserere KooEE SEH'dehs AHD DECKS-teh-
rahm PAH'trees, mee'seh'REH-reh
nobis. NAW'bees.
Quoniam tu solus sanctus. Tu solus Koo-AW-nee-ahm TOO SAW-loos
SAHNK'toos. rOO SAW'loos
Dominus. Tu solus altissimus Jesu DAW-mee-noos. TOO SAW4oos
ahl'TEES'see-moos, TEH-soo KREE^
Christe. steh.
Cum Sancto Spiritu in gloria Dei Patris. KOOM SAHNK'taw SPEE-ree-too
Amen. EEH GLAW-ree-ah DEHêe PAH-
trees. AH^mehn.
RESPONSES BEFORE THE COLLECT AND OTHER PRAYERS

1 — Gel.: V. Dominus vobiscum. 1 Cel: V. DAW-mee-noos vaw'BEE'
skoom.
1 Choir: R. Et cum spiritu tuo. I—Choir: R. EHT KOOM SPEE-ree-
too TOO-aw.
2—
-Cel:
Gel: V. Or emus. (Here follow the 2—Cel: V. awREH-moos. (Here fol-
orations.) low the orations.)

2 Choir: R. Amen. 2 Choir: R. AH-mehn.
— — .

RESPONSES BEFORE THE GOSPEL
1 Cel.: V. Dominus vobiscum. 1— Cel.: V. DAW-mee-noos vaw'BEE-
skoom.
1 Choir: R. Et cum spiritu tuo. 1— Choir: R. EHT KOOM SPEE-ree-
too TOO-aw.
2 Cel.: V. Sequentia sancti Evangelii 2 Cel.: V. Seh-kooEHN'tsecah
SAHNK'tee Eh'vahn'JEH4ee'ee seh-
secundum Liicam. K007s['doom LOO-kahm.
2—Choir: R. Gloria tibi Domine. 2—Choir: R. GLAW-ree-ah TEE-bee
DAW-mee-neh.
CREDO
Celebrant: Credo in unum Deum. Celebrant: KREH-daw E£A[ OO-noom
DEH'Oom.
Choir: Patrem omnipotentem factorem Choir: PAH'trehm awm-nee-paw
coeli et terras, visibilium omnium, et TEHN 'tehm fahk - TAW - rehm
invisibilium. CHEHAee EHT TEH-rreh vee-see-
BEE'lee-oom AWM-nee-oom, EHT
een-vee'see'BEE'lee-oom
Et in unum Dominum, Jesum Christum, EHT EEH OO-noom DAW-mee-noom,
Filium Dei unigenitum. TEH'Soom KREE-stoom, FEE-lee-oom
DEH-ee oo^nee-JEH-nee-toom.
Et ex Patre natum ante omnia saecula. EHT ECKS PAH'treh NAH-toom
AHN'teh AWM-nee-ah SEH-koo-lah.
Deum de Deo, lumen de lumine, Deum DEH'Oom DEH DEH-aw, LOO-mehn
verum de Deo vero. DEH LOO-mee-neh. DEH-oom VEH-
room DEH DEH-aw VEH-raw.
Genitum, non factum, consubstantialem JEH' nee 'toom TsJAWN EAHK-toom
Patri; per quem omnia facta sunt. kawn-soob'Stahn'tsee-AH'lehm PAH-
tree; PEHR kooEHM AWM - nee-
FAHK'tah SOOHT.
ah
Qui propter nos homines, et propter nos- KooEE PRAWP'tehr HAWS AW-
tram salutem, descendit de coelis. mee-nehs, EHT PR AWP-tehr N AW-
•
strahm sah-LOO-tehm, deh-SHEHT^-

deet DEH CHEH-lees.
Et incarnatus est de Spiritu Sancto ex EHT een-kahr-NAH'toos EHST DEH
Maria Virgine: SPEE-ree-too SAHNK-taw ECKS
mah'REE-ah VEER-jee-neh:
Et homo factus est. EHT AVV-maw EAHK-toos EHST.
Crucifixus etiam pro nobis: sub Pontio Croo'chec'EEECK'SOos EH 'tsee-ahm
Pilato passus, et sepultus est. PRAWNAW'bees: SOOB PAWN'
tsee'aw pee-LAH-taw PAH-ssoos,
EHT seh'POOL'toos EHST.
— : — '
Et resurrexit tertia die, secundum Scrip' EHT reh'Soor-REHCK'seet TEHR-tsee-

turas. ah DEE-eh, seh'KOO>^'doom skreep-
TOO-rahs.
Et ascendit in coelum sedet ad dexteram EHT ah'SHEHN'deet EEH CHEH^
Patris. loom: SEH'deht AMD DECKS-teh-
rahm PAH'trees.
Et iterum venturus est cum gloria, judi' EHT EE'teh-room vehn-TOO-roos
care vivos et mortuos: cujus regni non EHSr KOOM GLAW-ree-ah, yoo-
erit finis.
dee KAH reh VEE vaws EHT
' - -
MAWR'too-aws: KOO-yoos REEK"

yee A[AWN EH-reet EEE-nees.
Et in Spiritum Sanctum Dominum et EHT EEH SPEE-ree-toom SAHNK-

vivificantem: qui ex Patre Filioque toom DAW'mee-noom EHT vee'vee'
procedit;
fee-KAHN'tehm: kooEE ECKS
PAH'treh fee-lee-AW'kooEH praw
CHEH'deet;
qui cum Patre et Filio simul adoratur et kooEE KOOM
PAH'treh EHT EEE-
conglorificatur: qui locutus est per lee-aw SEE-moolah'dawRAH-toor,
Prophetas.
EHT kawn'glawree'fee'KAH'toor:
kooEE law'KOO'toos EHST PEHR
praw'FEH'tahs.
Et unam sanctam catholicam et apos' EHT 00 -nahm SAHNK-tahm kah-

tolicam Ecclesiam. TAW'lee-kahm EHT ah-paw
STAW'lee-kahm eh-KKLEH-see-ahm.
Confiteor unum baptisma in remissionem Kawn-EEE'teh-awr OO-noom bahp'
peccatorum. Et exspecto resurrection TEES-mah EET^l reh-mees-see-AW'
nem mortuorum. nehm peck -kah- -room. EHT TAW
ecks ' PEHK - taw reh ' soor ' reck - t2,ee
AW-nehm mawptoo'AW-room.
Et vitam venturi saeculi. Amen. EHT VEE'tahm vehn-TOO-ree SEH^
koo'lee. AH-mehn.
RESPONSES BEFORE THE OFFERTORY
1 Cel.: V. Dominus vobiscum. 1 Cel.: V. DAW/'mee-noos vaw-

BEES'koom.
1 Choir: R. Et cum spiritu tuo. I— Choir: R. EHT KOOM SPEE-ree-
too TOO-aw.
2 — Cel.: V. Oremus. 2— Cel: V. AwREH-moos.
Choir proceeds with the Proper Offertory of the Day, after which an
appropriate motet may be sung.
— — . .

RESPONSES BEFORE THE PREFACE
1 Cel.: V. Per omnia saecula saeculo 1—Cel.:. V. PEHR AWM-nee-ah-
rum. SEH'koO'lah seh-koo'LAW^room.
1 Choir: R. Amen. l—CJioir: R. AH-mehn.
2 Cel.: V. Dominus vobiscum. 2 Cel.: V. DAW-mee-noos vaw
BEES'\oom.
2 — C/ioir: R. Et cum spiritu tuo. 2—Choir: R. EHT KOOM SPE&ree^
TOO-aw.
too
3 — Cel.: V. Sursum corda. 3_CeI.: V. SOOR-soom KAWR-dah.
3 Choir: R. Habemus ad Dominum. 3—Choir: R. Ah-BEH-moos AHD
DAW'mee'noom
4 Cel: V. Gratias agamus Domino —
4 Cel.: V. GRAH-tsee-ahs ah'GAH-
Deo nostro. moos DAW'mee-naw DEH'aw
?vÂW'Straw.
4 Choir: R. Dignum et justum est. 4 Choir: DEE-neeyoom EHT TOO'
stoom EHST.
SANCTUS
Sanctus, Sanctus, Sanctus Dominus SAH7s[K'toos, SAH7\[K'toos, SAHJ\[K'
Deus Sabaoth. toos DAW-mee-noos DEH-oos SAH-
bah'awt.
Pleni sunt coeli et terra gloria tua. Ho- PLEH^nee S001<iT CHEHAee EHT
sanna in excelsis. TEHR-rah GLAW-ree-ah TOO-ah.
Aw'SAH-nnah EEH eck-SHELL-
sees.
BENEDICTUS
Benedictus qui venit in nomine Domini. Beh'neh-DEEK'toos kooEE VEH'neet
EEKl JVÂW-mee-neh DAW'mee-nee.
Hosanna in excelsis. AwSAH-nnah E£7\[ eck-SHELL'
sees.
RESPONSES AT THE PATER NOSTER

I—Cel: V. Per omnia saecula saecu' 1— Cel.: V. PEHR AWM-nee-ah SEH-
lorum. koo'lah seh'koo'LAW'room.
1 Choir: R. Amen. I—Choir: R. AH-mehn.
2 Cel: V. Oremus, etc. —Et ne nos 2 — Cel.: V. AwREH-moos, etc., EHT
inducas in tentationem. HEH HAWS een-DOO'kahs EEN
tehn-tah'tsee- A W'nehm
2 Choir: R. Sed libera nos a malo. 2—Choir: R. SEHD LEE-beh-rah

HAWS AH MAH'law.
— —
According TO Roman Usage 27
RESPONSES BEFORE THE AGNUS DEI

i—Cel: V. Per omnia saecula saecu- 1— CeL: V. P£HR AWM-nee-ahSEH-
lorum. koo'lah seh-koo-LAV/'room.
{—Choir: R. Amen. 1—Choir; R. AH-mehn.
2—Cel: V. Pax Domini sit semper 2—Cel.: V. PAHCKS DAW-mee-nee

vobiscum. SEET SEHM-pehr vawBEE-skoom.
2—Choir: R. Et cum spiritu tuo. 2—Choir: R. £HT KOOM SPEE-ree-
too TOO-aw.
AGNUS DEI
Agnus Dei qui tollis peccata mundi: AH'neeyoos DEHêe kooEE TAWL'
lees peck'KAH'tah MOON'dee: mee-
miserere nobis (Repeat.) seh-REH-reh ]\[AW'bees. (Repeat.)
Agnus Dei qui tollis peccata mundi: AH-neeyoos DEHêe kooEE TAWL-
peck'KAH'tah MOON'dee:
lees
dona nobis pacem. DAW-nah ÂW-bees PAH-chehm.
RESPONSES BEFORE THE POST COMMUNION

1 Cel: V. Dominus vobiscum. 1 Cel: V. DAW-mee-noos vaw-BEE-
skoom.
I—Choir: R. Et cum spiritu tuo. 1— Choir: R. EHT KOOM SPEE-ree

too TOO-aw.
2—Cel: V. Oremus (here follow the 2—Cel.: R. awREH-moos (here follow
orations). the orations).
2— Choir: R. Amen. 2— Choir: R. AH-mehn.
RESPONSES AT END OF MASS

1 Cel: V. Dominus vobiscum. 1 — Cel.: V. DAW-mee-noos vaw-BEE-
skoom.
1— Choir: R. Et cum spiritu tuo. I— Choir: R. EHT KOOM SPEE-ree-

too TOO-aw.
2—Cel.: V. Ite missa est, or Benedica- 2— Cel: V. EE-teh, MEE-ssah EHST,
mus Domino, or Beh - neh - dee -KAH' moos DAW'
mee'naw.
2_Choir: R. Deo gratias. 2—Choir: R. DEH-aw GRAH-tsee-ahs.
— :

PONTIFICAL BLESSING
I—Cell V. Sit nomen Domini bene- 1—Cel.: V. S££T N A W-mehn DAW-
dictum. mec'nee beh'neh-DEEK'toom.
I—Choir: R. Ex hoc nunc et usque in 1—Choir: R. ECKS AWK HOOHK
saeculum. EHT OOS'koo£H EEli SEH-koo-
loom.
2 Cel.: V. Adjutorium nostrum in 2 — Cel.: V. Ahd-yoo-TAW-ree-oom
nomine Domini. NAW'Stroom EEX NAW-mee-neh
DAW'mec'nee.
2 Choir: R. Qui fecit coelum et 2— Choir: R. KooEE FEH-cheet CHEH-
terram. loom EHT TFH-rrahm.
3 Cel.: V. Benedicat vos omnipotens 3—Cel: V. Beh-neh-DFE-kaht VAWS
Deus: Pater, et Filius, et Spiritus awm-TsJEF-paw'tens DEH-oos PAH-
Sanctus. tehr EHT EEE-lee-oos, EHT SPEE-
ree-toos SAH7\[K'toos.
3 Choir: R. Amen. ^— Choir: R. AH-mehn.
CHAPTER V
THE REQUIEM MASS AND ABSOLUTION
(INCLUDING PARTS OF THE BURIAL SERVICE)
SUBVENITE
Subvenite* Sancti Dei, occurrite Angeli Soob-veh-^ÊE-teh* SAH7s[K'tee DEH-
ee, awk-KOOR-ree-teh AHTsJ-jeh-lee
Domini: DAV/'mecnee:
*Suscipientes animam ejus: *SoO'shee'pee'EH?\['tehs AH'necmahm
EH'yoos:
fOiferentes earn in conspectu AJtissimi. jAwf'feh'REHTvJ'tehs EH 'ahm £EA[
kawn'SPEHK'too ahl-TEES-see-mee.
V. Suscipiat te Christus, qui vocavit te: V. Soo'SHEE'pee'aht TEH CHREE-
stoos, kooEE vaw'KAH'veet TEH:
et in sinum Abrahae Angeli deducant EHT E£7\[ SEE 'noom AH'brah-eh
AHN'jeh'lee deh-DOO-kahnt TEH.
te. (Repeat "Susdpientes" to "AltiS' (Repeat "Suscipientes'' to "Altis-
simi"). simi").
V. Requiem aeternam dona ei Domine: V. REH 'kooee-ehm eh' TEHR -nahm
DAW nah EH ee DAW mee neh
- - - -
et lux perpetua luceat ei. EHT LOOCKS pehr-PEH-too-ah

LOO'cheh-aht EHêe.
fRepeat "Offerentes" to "Altissimi." fRepeat "Offerentes" to ''Altissimi."
.. .
INTROIT
Requiem aeternam dona eis Domine: REH'kwee'ehm eh-TEHR'nahm DAW'
nah EH'ees DAW'mee'neh:
et lux perpetua luceat eis. EHT LOOCKS pehr-PJEH-too-ah LOO^
cheh'aht EH-ees.
(Psalm) Te decet hymnus Deus in Sion, (Psalm) TEH DEH-cheht EEM-noos
DEH'Oos EElsl SEEâwn,
et tibi reddetur votum in Jerusalem: EHT TEE-bee reh-DDEH-toor VAW'
toom EE]\[ yeh'ROO'sah'lehm:
* exaudi orationem meam, * eg-SAHoo-dee awrah'tZiee'AW'nehm
MEH-ahm,
ad te omnis caro veniet. AHD TEH AWM ' nees KAH - raw
VEH-nee-eht.
(Repeat "Requiem" to the Psalm.) (Repeat "Requiem" to the Psalm).
KYRIE
Kyrie eleison (three times). KEE'ree-eh eh - LEH ' ee - sawn (three
times)
Christe eleison (three times). CHREE 'Steh eh -LEH-ee- sawn (three
times)
Kyrie eleison (three times). KEE'receh eh ' LEH ' ee ' sawn (three
times)
RESPONSES
V. Dominus vobiscum. V. DAW-mee-noos vawBEES-koom.
R. Et cum spiritu tuo. R. EHT KOOM SPEE-ree-too TOO-
aw.
V. Oremus, etc. V. Aw-REH-moos, etc.
Per omnia saecula saeculorum PEHR AWM-nee-ah SEH'koo4ah
seh'koo'L AW-room
R. Amen. R. AH-mehn.
GRADUALE
Requiem aeternam dona eis Domine REH'kwee-ehm eh-TEHR-nahm DAW-
nah EH-ees DAW-mecneh
et lux perpetua luceat eis. EHT LOOCKS pehr-PEH-too-ah LOO^
tcheh-aht EH-ees.
V. In memoria aeterna V. EETi meh-MAW-ree-ah eh-TEHR-
nah
erit Justus EH-reet TOO-stoos
ab auditione mala AHB ahoo'dee-têe-AW-neh MAH-lah
non timebit. HAWn tee-MEH'beet.
TRACTUS
Absolve Domine, animas Ahb'SAWL'veh DAW-mee-neh, AH-
necmahs
omnium fidelium defunctorum AW7S['nee'Oom fee-DEPi'lecoom deh-
foonk'TAW-room
ab omni vinculo delictorum. AHB AW-mnee V£EN'koo4aw deh-
leek'TAW'room.
V. Et gratia tua illis succurrente, V. EHT GRAH'têe-ah TOO-ah EEL
lees sook'koo'R£H7s['teh,
mereantur evadere judicium ultionis. meh'reh'AH7\['toor eh-VAH-deh-reh
yoo'D££'chee'Oom ool't2,ee'AW'
nees.
V. Et lucis aeternae V. EHT LOO'chees eh-TEHR-neh

beatitudine perfrui. beh-ah'tee-TOO'dee-neh PEHR-froo-ee.
SEQUENCE—DIES IRAE
1 —Dies irae, dies ilia, 1—D££'ehs E&reh, DEEêhs EEDhh,
SAWL'vet SEH'cloom EEH fah-
Solvet saeclum in fa villa:
V££L'lah: TEH'Steh DAH-veed
Teste David cum Sibylla. KOOM See'B££L4ah.
2
—Quantus tremor est futurus, 2—KooAHN'toos TREH-moor EHST
foo'TOO'roos,
Quando judex est venturus KooAHN'daw TOO-decks EHST
vehn'TOO'roos
Cuncta stricte discussurus! KOONK'tah STREEK'teh dee-
skoos'SOO-roos!
3 —Tuba mirum spargens sonum 3—TOO'bah MEE-room SPAHR^
gens SAW'noom
Per sepulcra regionum, PEHR seh'POOL'krah reh-gee-
AW-noom,
Coget omnes ante thronum. KAW'jet AW-mnehs AHN'teh
TRAW-noom.
4 —Mors stupebit et natura, 4—MAWRS stoo'PEH'beet EHT nah-
TOO-rah,
Cum resurget creatura, KOOM reh'SOOR'jet kreh-ah-
TOO-rah,
Judicanti responsura. yoo'dee'KAH7\['tee reh' spawn'
SOO-rah.
5 —Liber scriptus proferetur, 5 —LEE'behr SKREEP-toos prawfeh-
REH'toor,
In quo totum continetur, EE7\[ KooAW TAW'toom kawn-
tee'7s[EH'toor,
tJnde mundus judicetur. OON 'deh MOON'doos yoo-dee-
CHEH'toor.
6 —Judex ergo cum sedebit 6—TOO'decks EHR'gaw KOOM seh-

DEH'beet
Quid'quid latet apparebit KooEED'kooeed LAH-tet alvpah-
REH'beet
Nil in ultum remanebit lÊEL EEJ<i OOL'toom reh-mah-
NSH'beet
7 —Quid sum miser tunc dicturus? 1—KooEED SOOM MEE-sehr
TOONK deek'TOO-roos?
Quern patronum rogaturus? KooEHM pah'TRAW-noom raw
gah'TOO-roos?
Cum vix Justus sit securus KOOM VEECKS TOO-stoos
SEET seh'KOO-roos
8 —Rex tremendae majestatis, 8—REHCKS treh'MEHN'deh mah^
yes'TAH'tees,
Qui salvandis salvas gratis, KooEE sahl'VAHN'dees SAHL-
vahs GRAH'tees,
Salva me, fons pietatis. SAHL'vah MEH, FAWNS pee-
eh'TAH'tees.
9 —Recordare Jesu pie. 9—Reh-cawr-DAH-reh TEH-soo
PEEêh,
Quod sum causa tuae viae; KooAWz3 SOOM KAHoo'sah
TOO-eh V££'eh;
Ne me perdas ilia die. HEH MEH PEHR'dahs EEL-lah
D££'eh.
10-
— Quaerens me, sedisti lassus: 10— KooEH-rehns MEH, seh-DEE-stee
LAH'Ssoos:
Redemisti crucem passus: Reh'deh'MEE'Stee KROO-tchem
PAHS'Soos.
Tantus labor non sit cassus. TAHN'toos LAH'bawr NAWN
SEEr KAHS'Soos.
11 — Juste judex ultionis, 11— TOO'Steh TOO 'decks ool-tzee-
AW'nees,
Donum fac remissionis; DAW-noom FAHK reh-mee-ssec
AW'nees;
Ante diem rationis. AHN'teh DEE'chm rah'tsee-AW-
nees.
12 — Ingemisco, tamquam reus, 12— Een'jeh'M££'skaw, TAM'kwahm
REH'Oos,
Culpa rubet vultus mens KOOL'pah ROO'beht VOOL'toos
MEH'Oos
Supplicanti parce Deus. Soo'plee'KAHN'tee PAHR'tcheh
DEH'Oos.
1
3
— Qui Mariam absolvisti, 13— KooEE Mah'REE'ahm
VEE'Stee,
ahb-sawl'
Et latronum exaudisti EHT lah'TRAW-noom eg'sahoo-

DEE'Stee
Mihi quoque spem dedisti. MEE'kee KooAW-kooeh SPEHM
deh'DEE'Stee.
32 The Correct Pro NUNCIATION OF LaTIN
14 —Preces meae non sunt dignae; 14_PR£;H'tches MEH-eh NAWN

SOOHT DEEN-yeh;
Sed tu bonus fac benigne, SEHD rOO BAW-noos FAHK
beh'N££N'yeh,
Ne perenni cremer igne. HEH per-EHN-nee KREH-mehr
EEH^yeh.
1
5 — Inter oves locum praesta, 15—EEN'tehr AW-vehs LAWkoom
PREH'Stah,
Et ab hoedis me sequestra, EHr AB EH'dees MEH seh-
KWEH'Strah,
Statuens in parte dextra. STAH'too-ehns EEK PAHR-teh
DFCK'Strah.
16 —Confutatis maledictis, 16 —Kawn-foo'TAH'tees mah'leh
DEEK'tees,
Flammis acribus addictis, FLAHM-mees AHK^ree^boos
Ahd^DEEK'tees,
Voca me cum benedictis. VAW'kah MEH KOOM beh-neh
DEEK'tees.
17 —Oro supplex et acclinis, 17—AVV-raw SOOP-plecks EHT ahk-
KLEE-nees,
Cor contritum quasi cinis, KAWR kawn-TREE'toom
KooAH'see TCHEE-nees,
Gere curam mei finis. JEH-reh KOO-rahm MEH-ee FEE^
nees.
18 —Lacrimosa dies ilia, 18—Lah'kree-MAW'sah DEE - ehs
EEL'lah
Qua resurget ex fa villa. KooAH re-SOOR'jet ECKS fah-
VEEL'lah.
19 —Judicandus homo reus; 19 Yoo dee'
REH'Oos:
- KAHTi - doos AW-maw
Huic ergo parce Deus. EHR 'gaw PAHR-cheh
OO-eek
DEH'Oos.
20 — Pie Jesu Domine, 20—PEE-eh TEH'Soo DAW-mee-neh,
DAW-nah EH-ees REH-kooee-
dona eis requiem. Amen. ehm. AH'mehn.
RESPONSES AT THE GOSPEL

V. Dominus vobiscum V. DAW'mecnoos vawBEE'skoom
R. Et cum spiritu tuo. R. EHr KOOM SPEE-ree-too TOO^
aw.
V. Sequentia Sancti Evangelii V. Seh'kooEHN'tsee-ah SAHNK-tee
Eh'vahn'fEH'lee-ee
secundum Mattheum. seh'KOON'doom Maht-THEH-oom.
R. Gloria tibi Domine. R. GL A W-rec-ah TEE-bee DAW-mee-
neh.
OFFERTORY RESPONSES
Celebrant: Dominus vobiscum. Cel.: DAW'mee'noos vawBEE'skoom.
aw.
OFFERTORY
Domine Jesu Christe, DAW-mee-neh TEH-soo KREE-steh,
Rex gloriae, libera animas REHCKS GLAW-ree-eh, LEE-beh-rah
AH-nee'mahs
omnium fidelium defunctorum AWM'nee-oom fee'DEH-lee-oom deh-
foonk'TAW-room
de poenis inferni et de DEH PEH-nees een-EEHR-nee EHT
DEH
prof undo lacu: praw'EOON'daw LAH-koo:
libera eas de ore leonis, DEH AW-reh
LEE'beh-rah EH-ahs leh-
AW'nees,
ne absorbeat eas tartarus, HEH ahb'SAWR'beh-aht EH -ahs
TAHR'tah-roos,
ne cadant in obscurum: HEH KAH'dahnt EEH awb-SKOO-
room:
sed signifer sanctus Michael SEED SEEN -yee-fehr SAHNK-toos
MEE'kah-ehl
repraesentet eas in lucem sanctam: reh'preh'SEHN'teht EH-ahs EEH LOO^
chehm SAHNK-tahm:
Quam olim Abrahae promisisti, KooAHM AW'leem AH-brah-eh praw
mec'SEE'Stee,
et semini ejus. EHT SEH^mee-nee EH-yoos.
V. Hostias et preces tibi Domine V. AW'Stee-ahs EHT PREH-chehs
TEE'bee DAW-mee-neh
laudis oiferimus: tu suscipe LAHoo'dees awf-EEH-ree-moos: TOO
SOO'shec'peh
pro animabus illis, quarum hodie PRAW ah - nee - MAH - boos EEL - lees,
KooAH-room AW-dee-eh
memoriam facimus: fac eas, Domine, meh-MAVV-recahm EAH-tchee-moos;
EAHK EH>ahs, DAW-mee-neh,
de morte transire ad vitam. DEH MAWR'teh trahn-SEE-reh AHD
VEE'tahm.
(Repeat QUAM OLIM to ^'ejus") (Repeat "QUAM OLIM" to "Ejus")
RESPONSES TO THE PREFACE

Cel: Per omnia saecula saeculorum. Cel.: PEHR AWM-nee-ah SEH-koo-
lah seh'koo'LAW-room.
R. Amen. R. AH^mehn.
V. Dominus vobiscum. V. DAW-mee-noos vawBEE'skoom.
aw.
.
V. Sursum corda. V. SOOR-soom KAWR-dah.

R. Habemus ad Dominum. R. Ah BEH moos AHD
- - DAW - mee -
noom.
V. Gratias agamus Domino Deo Nostro. V. GR AH
tsee - ahs ah ' G
' AH ' moos
DAWmee-naw DEH-aw NAW-
straw.
R. Dignum et justum est. R. DEE-neeyoom EHT TOO-stoom
EHSr.
SANCTUS
Sanctus, Sanctus, Sanctus SAHNK'toos, SAHNK'toos, SAH^K-
toos
Dominus Deus Sabaoth. DAW ' mee noos
- DEH - oos SAH - bah-
awt.
Pleni sunt coeli et terra PLEH-nee SOOHT TCHEH-lee EHT
TEHR-rah
gloria tua. GLAW-ree-ah TOO-ah.
Hosanna in excelsis. Aw'SAHTv^-nah een eck-SHELL-sees.
BENEDICTUS
Benedictus qui venit Beh-neh'DEEK'toos kooEE VEH-neet
innomine Domini. NAW-mee-neh DAW-mee-nee.
£E7s(
Hosanna in excelsis. Aw'SAHN-nah EET^ eck-SHELL-sees.
RESPONSES AT THE PATER NOSTER
Cel.: Per omnia saecula saeculorum Cel: PEHR AWM-nee-ah SEH-koo-
lah seh-koo'LAW-room.
V. Oremus, etc. Et ne nos inducas V. Aw REH' moos, etc. EHT HEH
HAWS een-DOO'kahs
in tentationem. ££7\[ tehn-tah'tsee-AW-nehm.
R. Sed libera nos a malo. R. SEHD LEE 'beh' rah HAWS AH
MAH'law.
V. Dominus vobiscum. V. DAW'mee-noos vawBEE'skoom.
R . Et cum spiritu tuo R. EHTKOOMSPEE-ree-too TOO-aw
V. Pax Domini sit semner vobiscum. V. PAHCKS DAW-mee-nee SEET
SEHM'pehr vawBEE-skoom.
R. Et cum spiritu tuo. R. EHTKOOMSPEE-ree'tooTOO-aw.
AGNUS DEI
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi: AH-neeyoos DEHêe, kooEE TAWL-
lees peck'KAH'tah MOON'dee:
dona eis requiem. DAW-nah EH-ees REH-kooee-ehm.
(Repeat Agnus" and ''dona
'"'" eis") (Repeat "Agnus" and ''dona eis.")
Agnus Dei, qui tollis peccata mundi: AH-neeyoos DEH-ee, kooEE TAWL-
lees peck'KAH'tah MOON'dee:
dona eis requiem * * sempiternam. DAW'nah EH-ees REH kooee ehm - -
sehm-pee-TEHR-nahm
.
COMMUNION
Lux aeterna luceat eis, Domine: LOOCKS eh'TEHR-nah LOO-cheh-aht
DAW-mee-neh:
£H'ees,
*Cum Sanctis tuis in aeternum, *KOOM SAHNK'tees TOO-ees EEH
eh'TEHR-noom,
quia pius es. K\V££'ah PEjE'oos ESS.
V. Requiem aeternam dona V. R£H 'kwee-ehm eh-TEHR-nahm
DAVV-nah
eis Domine, EH-ees DAW-mee-neh,
et lux perpetua £HT LOOCKS pehr-PEH'too-ah
luceat eis. (Repeat ''Cum Sanctis" to LOO-cheh-aht LH-ees. (Repeat "Cum
''pius es/') Sanctis" to "pius es.")
RESPONSES
Ccl.: Dominus Vobiscum Cel.: DAW'mee-noos vaw'BjEL-skoom.
R. Et Cum spiritu tuo. R. LHTKOOMSPLL-ree'tooTOO-aw.
V. Oremus, etc. V. Aw'RLH-moos, etc.
V. Per omnia saecula saeculorum V. PEHR AWM-nee-ah SLH-koo-lah
seh'koo'LA W'room
V. Requiescant in pace. V. Reh'kwee-LH'skahnt een PAH-cheh.
ABSOLUTION
Libera me, Domine, de morte LEE'beh-rah MEH, DAW - mee - neh,
DEH MAWR'teh
aeterna in die ilia tremenda; eh'TLHR-nah EEH DEE-eh EEL-lah
treh'MEHN'dah;
Quando coeli movendi sunt kooAHN'daw CHEH-lee maw V£HN'
dee SOOHT
et terra: Dum veneris judicare EHT TEH-rrah: DOOM
VEH-neh-
yoo'dee'KAH'reh
rees
saeculum per ignem. SEH'koo'loom PEHR EEH^yehm.
V. Tremens factus sum ego, V. TREH-mehns EAHK-toos SOOM
EH'gaw
et timeo, dum discussio venerit, EHT TEE-meh-AW, DOOM dees-
KOOS'see-aw VEH-neh-reet,
atque ventura ira. AHT'kooEH vehn-TOO-rah EE-rah.
(Repeat "Quando coeli" to "terra.") (Repeat "Quando coeli" to "terra.")
V. Dies ilia, dies irae V. DEE-ehs EEL'lah, DEE-ehs EE-reh
calamitatis et miseriae, kah-lah-mee-TAH'tees EHT mee-SEH-
rec'ch
dies magna, et amara valde. DEE-ehs MAH-neeyah, EHT ah-MAH-
rah VAHL'deh.
Dum veneris judicare saeculum DOOM VEH-neh-rees yoo-dee-KAH-
reh SEH'koo'loom
per ignem. PEHR EEN-yehm.
Requiem aeternam dona eis Domine; REH-kooee-ehm eh-TEHR-nahm DAW-

nah £H'ees DAW'mee'neh:
et lux perpetua luceat eis. EHT LOOCKS pehr-PEH-too-ah LOO^
cheh'aht £H'ees.
(Repeat "Libera" to "Tremeîs.") (Repeat ''Libera" to ^'Tremens.'')
RESPONSES AFTER THE "LIBERA"

Kyrie eleison, Christe eleison, KEE-ree-eh eh-LEH-ee-sawn, CHREE'
steh eh'LEH'ec'sawn,
Kyrie eleison. KEE'reh'eh eh'LEH'ce'sawn.
Cel. "Pater noster," etc.
: Cel: PAH'tehr NAW-stehr, etc.
V. Et ne nos inducas in tentationem. V. EHT 7\[£H NAWS een-DOO-kahs
EEKl ten-tah'tsee-AV/'nehm.
R. Sed libera nos a malo. R. SEED LEE'beh-rah NAWS AH
MAH'law.
V. A porta inferi. V. AH PAWR'tah EEN'felvree.
R. Erue Domine animam ejus R. EH-roo-eh DAW-mee-neh AH-nee-
(or "animas eorum"). mahmEH'ceoos (or "AH-nee'
mahs eh'AW'room"'"').
V. Requiescat in pace. R. Amen. V. Reh'kwee-EH'skaht een PAH-cheh.
R. AH-mehn.
V. Domine exaudi orationem meam. V. DAW'mee'neh egs-AHoo-dee aw
rah'tsee'AW-nehm MEH'ahm.
R. Et clamor meus ad te veniat. R. EHT KLAH-mawr MEH-oos AHD
TEH VEH-nee-aht.
V. Dominus vobiscum. V. DAW-mee-noos vaw-BEE-skoom.
R. Et cum spiritu tuo. R. EHT koom SPEE-ree-too TOO-aw.
V. Oremus, etc. V. Aw'REH-moos, etc.
V. Per Christum Dominum nostrum. V. PEHR KREE stoom - DAW
mee- -
noom NAW'Stroom.
BENEDICTUS
Cel.: Ego sum. Cel: EH-aawSOOM.
Choir: Benedictus Dominus Deus Israel: Choir: Beh-neh-DEEK-toos DAW-
mecnoos DEH'Oos EE'srah'chl:
quia visitavit, et fecit kooEE-ah vee'see-TAH-veet, EHT
EEH'cheet
redemptionem suae. reh'dehmp'tsec'AW'nehm SOO-eh.
2 —Et erexit cornu salutis nobis: 2—EHT eh 'REHCK' sect KAWR-
nooh sah'LOO'tees 7\[AW'bees:
in domo David pueri sui. EEK DAW-maw DAH-veed
POOH-eh-ree SOOêe.
3 — Sicut locutus est per os sanctorum; 3—SEE' koot law'KOO'toos EHST
PEHR AWS sahnk'TAW-room:
quia saeculo sunt, kooEE-ah SEH'koo'law SOOKT,
prophetarum ejus: prawfeh'TAH-room EH'ceoos.
4 — Salutem ex inimicis nostris, 4— Sah'LOO'tehm ECKS ee-nee-MEE-

tehees TÂW'Strees,
et de manu omnium qui oderunt nos EHT DEH MAH-noo AWM-nee-
oom KWEE awDEH^roont
NAWS
5 —Ad faciendam misericordiam 5 —AHD fah' tehee 'EH7\['dahm mee-
seh'ree-KAWR'dee'ahm
cum patribus nostris; KOOM PAH'tree-boos NAW-
strees;
et memorari testament! sui sancti. EHT me-maw'RAH'ree teh-stah'
MEHN'tee SOOêe SAHNK-
tee.
6 —Jusjurandum, quod juravit 6—Yoos-yoo'RAHN'doom, KooAVVD

Yoo'RAH'veet
ad Abraham patrem nostrum, AHD AH'brah-ahm PAH-trehm
7s[AWS'troom,
daturum se nobis. dah'TOO-room SEH NAW-bees.
7 —Ut sine timore, 7_00T SEE -neh tee-MAW-reh,
de manu inimicorum DEH MAH-noo ecnee-mee'
KAW-room
nostrorum liberati, naw'STRAVV-room lee-beh-RAH-
tee,
serviamus illi. Sehr'vee'AH-moos EEL-lee.
8 — In sanctitate et justitia 8—EEN sahnk'tee-TAH'teh EHT
yoos'TEE'tsecah
coram ipso, KAW-rahm EEP-saw,
omnibus diebus nostris. AWM' nee 'boos dee -EH -boos
NAW'Strees.
9 — Et tu puer, propheta 9—EHT rOO POO-ehr, prawEEH-
tah
Altissimi vocaberis; Ahl'TEES'see-mee vawKAH-beh-
rees;
praeibis enim ante faciem preh'EE'bees EH -neem AHA['teh
EAH-checehm
Domini parare vias ejus, DAW-mee-nee pah-RAH-reh VEE^
ahs EH-yoos.
10 —Ad dandam scientiam 10—AHD DAHN'dahm shee-EHN'
tsee-ahm
salutis plebi ejus; sah'LOO'tees PLEH-hee EH-eeoos;
in remissionem peccatorum eorum: EEKl reh-mees'see'AW'nehm pehk-
kah'TAW-room eh-AW-room:
11 — Per viscera misericordiae Dei 11— PEHR VEE'sheh-rah mee-seh-ree-
CAWR'dee-eh DEHêe
nostri: NAW'Stree:
in quibus visitavit nos, EEJi kooEE'boos vee'see'TAH-veet
1<[A\VS
oriens ex alto. AW-ree-ehns ECKS AHL-taw.
.
38 The Correct Pron UNCIATION OF LaTIN
12 —Illuminare his, qui in tenebris, 12— EeMoo-mee-NAH-reh EES, KWEE

EEKi TEH-neh'brees
et in umbra mortis sedent: EUr EEH OOM'brah MAWR-
tees SEH'dehnt:
ad dirigendos pedes nostros in viam AHD dee-ree-JEN-daws PEH-dehs
NAWS'traws EEN VEE-ahm
pads. PAH'chees.
13 —Requiem aeternam 13—REH'kooee-ehm eh'TEHR-nahm
dona eis (ei) Domine. Dawnah EH-ees (Eh-ee) DAW-
mec'neh.
14 — Et lux perpetua, 14—EHT LOOCKS pehr-PEH-too-ah
luceat eis (ei). LOO'cheh-aht EH-ees (EHêe).
ANTIPHON — EGO SUM

Ego sum resurrectio EH'gaw SOOM reh-soo-RRECK-tsee-aw
et vita: qui credit in me, EHT VEE'tah: kooEE KREH-deet EE7\[
MEH,
etiam si mortuus fuerit, vivet: EH 'tsee-ahm SEE MAWR - too - oos
EOO-eh-reet, VEE-veht:
et omnis qui vivit et credit EHT AWM-nees kooEE VEE veet -
EHT KREH'deet
in me, non morietur in aeternum. EEH MEH, HAWrM mawree-EH'toor
EE7i eh'TEHR-noom.
RESPONSES
Cel.: Kyrie eleison Cel.: KEE'ree-eh eh'LEH'ee-sawn.
Chon: Christe eleison Choir: KREE-steh eh-LEH-ee-sawn.
Kyrie eleison. KEE-ree-eh eh-LEH-ee-sawn.
Cel.: Pater noster, etc. Cel.: PAH'tehr NAW'Stehr, etc.
Et ne nos inducas in tentationem. ET HEH NAWS
een-DOO'cahs
EEJ\l ten-tah'tsee-AW-nehm.
Ch.: Sed libera nos a malo. Ch.: SEED LEE'beh-rah HAWS AH
MAH'law.
V. A porta inferi V. AHPAWR'tah EEN'feh-ree.
R. Erue, Domine, animam ejus. R. EH-roo-eh, DAW-mee-neh, AH-nee-
mahm EH^yoos.
V. Requiescat in pace. R. Amen. V. Reh'kooee- EH 'skaht EE7<[ PAH-
cheh. R. AH'mehn.
V. Domine exaudi orationem meam. V. DAW-mee-neh eg-SAHoo-dee aw'
rah'tsee-AW'nehm MEH-ahm.
R. Et clamor meus ad te veniat. R. EUr KLAH-mawr MEH-oos AHD
TEH VEH-nee-aht.
V. Dominus vobiscum. V. DAW'mee-noos vaw-BEES-koom.
R. Et cum spiritu tuo. R. EHT KOOM
SPEE'ree-tooTOO-aw.
V. Oremus — Per Christum Dominum V. aw'REH-moos — PEER KREE-
nostrum. stoom DAW'mee-noom JÂW-
stroom
R. Amen. V. Requiem aeternam dona R. AH-mehn. V. REH-kooee'ehm eh'

ei Domine TEHR-nahm DAW-nah EHêe
DAW'mee'neh.
R. Et lux perpetua luceat ei. R. EHT LOOCKS pehr - P£H too ah- -
LOO'cheh-aht EH-ee.
Chanters: Requiescat in pace Chanters: Reh - kooee - EH skaht ££7\[
-
PAH'cheh
Choir: Amen. Choir: AH'mehn.
Cel.: Anima ejus et animae Cel.: AH-nee-mah EH-yoos EHT AH-
nee-meh
omnium fidelium defunctorum AWM'nee'Oom fee 'D£H' lee 'oom
deh'foonk'TAW'room
per misericordiam Dei requiescant PEHR mee'seh-ree'CAWR-dee-ahm
DEH-ee-reh-kooee'EH'skahnt
in pace. R. Amen. EEK PAH'cheh. R. AH-mehn.
IN PARADISUM
In paradisum deducant te Angeli; EEn pah-rah'DEE'Soom deh-DOO-kahnt
TEH AHNieh'lee;
In tuo adventu suscipiant te EEH TOO -aw ahd-VEHN'too soo-
SHEE'pee-ahnt TEH
Martyres, et perducant te in MAHR'tee-rehs, EHT pehr-DOO-kahnt
TEH EEH
civitatem sanctam Jerusalem. Chee-vee-TAH'tehm SAHNK-tahm
Yeh'ROO'sah'lehm.
Chorus Angelorum te suscipiat, et KAW-roos ahn-jeh' LAW -room TEH
soo'SHEE'pee-aht, EHT
cum Laziaro quondam paupere aeternam KOOM LAH'dzah-raw kooAWN'
dahm PAHoo-peh-reh eh-TEHR-nahm
habeas requiem. AH'beh-ahs REH-kooecehm.
CHAPTER VI
Jienebiction ||pmnsi
O SALUTARIS HOSTIA
O Salutaris Hostia AW sah'loo'TAH-rees AW-stee-ah,
Quae coeli pandis ostium, KooEH CHEHAee PAHN'dees AW-
stec'oom,
Bella premunt hostiha. BEHL'lah PREH-moont awSTEE-lee-
ah.
Da robur, fer auxihum. DAH RAW'boor, FEHR ahoo-XEE-
lee-oom.
: -
40 The Correct Pronunciatiox of Latin
Uni trinoque Domino 00 -nee tree-TsJAW-kweh DAW-mee-

naw
Sit sempiterna gloria, SEET sehm-pee-TEHR'nah CLAW-
reeâh,
Qui vitam sine termino Koo££ VEE'tahm SE&neh TEHR-
mee'naw
Nobis donet in patria. Amen. NAW- bees DAW-neht EEN PAH-
tree'ah. AH-mehn.
ADORO TE DEVOTE
Adoro te devote, latens Deitas, Ah'DAW-raw TEH deh-VAW-teh,
LAH'tehns DEH-ee-tahs,
Quae sub his figuris vere latitas: KooEH SOOB EES fee-GOO-rees VEH-
reh L AH'tee-tahs
Tibi se cor menm totum subjicit, TEE'bee SEH CAWR MEH-oom
TAW'toom SOOB-yee-cheet,
Quia te contemplans totum deficit. KooE£'ah rEH kawn-TEHM-plahns
TAW'toom DEH'fee-cheet.
Visus, tactus, gustus in te fallitur VEE ' soos, TAHK - toos, GOO - stoos
EEJi TEH
FAHL'lee-toor
Sed auditu solo tuto creditur: SEHD ahoo'DEE'too SAW-law TOO^
taw CREH'dee-toor:
Credo quidquid dixit Dei Filius: CREH'daw kooEED'kooeed DEECKS^
eet DEH-ee EEE-lee-oos:
Nil hoc verbo veritatis verius. HEEL AWK VEHR 'baw veh - ree
TAH'tees VEH-ree-oos.
Jesu, quem velatum nunc adspicio, TEH'Soo kooEHM veh - LAH - toom
HOOHK ahd'SPEE'chee-aw,
Oro fiat illud quod tarn sitio: AW-raw EEE-aht EEL-lood kooAWD
TAHM SEE'têe-aw:
Ut te revelata cernens facie, OOr TEH reh'veh'LAH'tah CHEHR^
nehns EAH-tchec'eh,
Visu sim beatus tuae gloriae. Amen VEE'soo SEEM beh-AH-toos TOO-eh
A
GL W-ree-eh. AH-mehn.
PANGE LINGUA—TANTUM ERGO
1 —Pange lingua gloriosi 1 —PAHT^^'jeh LEE]\( 'gooah glawrec
AW'see
Corporis mysterium, CAWR' paw rees mec'STEH'ree'
oom,
Sanguinisque pretiosi, Sahn-gooec'TsJEE'skooeh preh'tsec'
AW'see,
Quem in mundi pretium KooEHM EEn. MOON'dee PREH-
tsee'oom
Fructus ventris generosi EROOK'toos VEHN'trees jeh-neh-
RAW'see
Rex efFudit gentium. REHCKS ehf'EOO'deet JEHN'tsee-
oom.
2 — Nobis datus, nobis natus 2—NAW'bees DAH-toos, NAW-bees

NAH'toos
Ex intacta Virgine, ECKS een-TAHK'tah VEER-gee-
neh,
Et in mundo conversatus, EHT EE7<i MOON'daw cawn-vehr-
SAH'toos,
Sparse verbi semine, SPAHR'saw VEHR-bee SEH-mee-
neh,
Sui moras incolatus SOOêe MAVV-rahs een-cawLAH-
toos
Miro clausit or dine. MEE-raw KLAHoo-seet AWR-dee-
neh.
3 — In supremae nocte coenae 3—EEN soo'PREH-meh NAWK-teh
TCHEH-neh
Recumbens cum fratribus, REH'koom-behns KOOM ERAH-
trec'boos
Observata lege plene AWB'sehr-VAH'tah LEH-jeh
PLEH-neh
Cibis in legalibus, TCHEE'bees EEH leh-GAH-lee-
boos,
Cibum turbae duodenae TCHEE'boom TOOR-beh doo-aw
DEH-neh
Se dat suis manibus. SEH DAHT SOO-ees MAH-nee-
boos
4—Verbum caro, panem verum 4— VEHR'boom KAH-raw, PAH-nehm
VEH-room
Verbo carnem efficit: VEHR'baw KAHR-nehm EHE-fee-
cheet:
Fitque sanguis Christi merum, EEET'kooeh SAHN'gooees KREE^
stee MEH'room,
Et si sensus deficit, EHT SEE SEHN'Soos DEH-fee-
cheet
Ad firmandum cor sincerum AHD feer-MAHN'doom KAWR
seen-TCHEH-room
Sola fides sufficit. SAW'lah EEE'dehs SOOE-fee-cheet.
TANTUM ERGO
5 —Tantum Ergo Sacramentum 5 —TAH7s[ toom EHR - gaw sah - krah'
'
MEH7\['toom
Veneremur cernui: Veh-neh-REH-moor TCHEHR-noo-
ee:
Et antiquum documentum EHT ahn-TEE'koo-oom dawkoo-
MEHN'toom
Novo cedat ritui: NAW'vaw TCHEH'daht REE-too-
ee:
Praestet fides supplementum PREH'Steht EEE -dehs soo-pleh-
MEHN'toom
Sensuum defectui. SEHN'Soo'Oohm deh-EECK-tooêe.
'
6 — Genitori, Genitoque 6—Jeh-nee-TAW-ree, Jeh-nee-TAW-

kooeh
Laus et jubilatio, LAHoos EHT yoo-bee-LAH'tsee'
aw,
Salus, honor, virtus quoque SAH'loos, AW-nawr, VEER^toos
kooAW'kooeh
Sit et benedictio: SEET EHT beh-neh-DEEK'tsee-aw:
Procedenti ab utroque Praw'tcheh'DEH7\['tee AHB oo-
TRAW'kooeh
Compar sit laudatio. Amen. KAWM'pahr SEET lahoo-DAH-tsee--
aw. AH-mehn.
V. Panem de coelo praestitisti eis. V. PAH-nehm deh TCHEH-law preh-

(T. P. Alleluia.) stee-TEE'Stee EH-ees.
(T. P. AhMeh'LOO-eeah.)
R. Omne delectamentum in se habentem. R. AWM neh deh ' leek - tah ' MEH?\[
•-
(T. P. Alleluia.) toom EEK[ SEE ah-BEHTv^-tehm.

(T. P. AhMeh'LOO-eeah.)
PANIS ANGELICUS
Panis Angelicus fit panis hominum; PAH-nees Ahn JEH lee koos FEET
- - -
PAH-nees AW'mee-noom;
Dat panis coelicus figuris terminum: DAHT PAH-nees TCHEH-lee-koos fee-
GOO-rees TEHR'niee-noom
O res mirabilis! manducat Dominum AW REHS mee-RAH-bee-lees! mahn-
DOO'kaht DAW-mee-noom
Pauper, servus, et humilis. PAHoo ' pehr, SEHR - voos EHT 00^
mee'lees.
Te trina Deitas unaque poscimus, TEH TREE-nah DEH-ee-tahs OO-nah-

kooeh PAW'shee'moos,
Sic nos tu visita, sicut te colimus: SEEK HAWS TOO VEE-see-tah, SEE^
TEH KAW'lee-moos:
koot
Per tuas semitas due nos quo tendimus, PEHR TOOâhs SEH-mee-tahs DOOK
HAWS KooAW TEHN^dee-moos,
Ad lucem quam inhabitas. Amen. AHD LOO'chehm kooAHM een-AH-
bee-tahs. AH'mehn.
AVE VERUM CORPUS

Ave verum Corpus natum AH'veh VEH-room KAWR-poos
7\[AH'toom
de Maria Virgine: DEH Mah'REE-ah VEER-gee-neh:
Vere passum, immolatum in VEH-reh PAHS-soom, eem-mawLAH-
toom EEK
-
According to iIoman Usage 43
cruce pro homine: KROO'tcheh PRAW AW-mee neh:

Ci'ijus latus perforatum KOO-yoos LAH'toos pehr-fawRAH-
toom
fluxit aqua et sanguine: FLOOCK'Stet AH-kooah EHT SAHN'
gooee^neh:
Esto nobis praegustatum EH'Staw 7s[AW'bees preh-goo-STAH'

mortis in examine. toom MAWR'tees EEH egs-AH-
mee'neh.
O Jesu dulcis! O Jesu pie! AW TEH ' soo DOOL - chees! AW
TEH'Soo PEE-eh!
O Jesu fili Mariae. Aw TEH'Soo FEE'lee Mah-REE-eh.
ADOREMUS IN AETERNUM AND LAUDATE DOMINUM

Adoremus in aeternum Ah daw REH
' ' ' moos EEN eh - TEHR-
noom
Sanctissimum Sacramentum. Sahnk' TEES' see -moom Sah - krah
MEHN'toom.
Laudate Dominum omnes gentes: Lahoo ' DAH - teh DAW - mee noom
-
AW-mnehs JEHN'tehs:
Laudate eum omnes populi. Lahoo'DAH'teh EH-oom AWM-nehs
PAW'poo'lee.
Quoniam confirmata KooAW-nee-ahm kawn-feer-MAH-tah
est super nos EHST SOO'pehr HAWS mee-seh-
misericordia ejus: ree-KAWR'dee-ah EH-yoos:

Et Veritas Domini EHT VEH ' ree - tahs DAWmee nee- -
manet in aeternum. MAH-neht EE7<[ eh-TEHR-noom.

Gloria Patri, et Fiho: GLAW-ree-ah PAH-tree EHT EEE-lee-
aw:
et Spiritui Sancto. EHT Spee-REE'too-ee SAHNK-taw,
Sicut erat in principio, SEE'koot EH-raht EEH preen-CHEE-
pee-aw,
et nunc, et semper, EHT HOOHK EHT SEHM-pehr,
et in saecula saeculorum. Amen. EHT EEH SEH'koo'lah Seh-koo-LAW-
room. AH-mehn.
Note: The "Adoremus in aeternum," etc., can be repeated at the end of Psalm and also inserted before
the "Gloria Patri" if desired.
ANTIPHONS IN HONOR OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN

AVE MARIA
Ave Maria, gratia plena: AH'veh Mah'REE-ah, GRAH-tsee-ah
PLEH-nah:
Dominus tecum, benedicta tu DAW'mee-noos TEH'koom, beh'ueh'
DEEK'tah rOO
'
in mulieribus, et benedictus ££7^ moo'lee'EH'ree-boos, EHT beh'

neh'D££K'toos
fructus ventris tui, Jesus. FROOK - toos VEHT^ - trees TOO ' ee,
TEH'Soos.
Sancta Maria, Mater Dei, SAH'HKâh Mah-REE-ah, MAH-tehr
DEHêe,
ora pro nobis peccatoribus, AW-rah PRAW 7s(AVV'bees pehk-kah-
TAW-ree-boos,
nunc, et in hora mortis nostrae. Amen. 7<[007<IK, EHT ££7\[ AW - rah
MAWR'tees NAW-streh. AH-mehn.
ALMA REDEMPTORIS MATER

Alma Redemptoris Mater, AHL-mah reh-dehmp-TAW-rees MAH-
tehr,
quae pervia coeli porta manes, KooEH PEHR'vee- ah CHEHAee

PAWR'tah MAH-nehs,
Et Stella maris, succurre cadenti, EHT STEHL'lah MAH-rees, soo-
KKOO-rreh kah-DEHN'tee,
suigere, qui curat populo: SOOR'jeh-reh kooEE KOO-raht PAW-
poo'law:
Tu quae genuisti, natura mirante, TOO kooEH jeh-noo'EE'Stee, nah-TOO-
rah mee-RAHN'teh,
tuum sanctum Genitorem: TOO ' oom SAHA[K toom ' jeh ' nee
TAW-rehm:
Virgo prius ac posterius, VEER 'gaw PREE 'oos AHK paw
STEH'ree-oos,
Gabrielis ab ore sumens illud Ave, Gah'bree'EH'lees AHB AW-reh
SOO-mehns EEL-lood AH-veh,
peccatorum miserere. peck'kah'TAW'room mee-seh'REH-reh.
AVE REGINA COELORUM

Ave Regi'na coelorum, AH'veh reh'JEE-nah cheh-LAW-room
Ave Domina Angelorum: AH'veh DAW-mee-nah ahn-jeh-LAW-
room:
Salve radix, salve porta, SAHL'veh RAH-deecks, SAHL-veh
PAWR'tah,
Ex qua mundo lux est orta. ECKS kooAH MOON'daw LOOCKS
EHST AWR'tah.
Gaude Virgo gloriosa. GAHoo'deh \ÊER'gaw glawree AW-
sah,
Super omnes speciosa: SOO'pehr AWM-ness speh-chee-AW-

sah:
:
Vale, o valde decora, VAH'leh, AW VAHL'deh deh-CAW-

rah,
Et pro nobis Christum exora. EUr PRAW NAW'bees KREE-

stoom eg'SAW'rah.
REGINA COELI
Regi'na coeH laetare, alleluia: Reh'JEE-nah CHEH-lee leh-TAH-reh
ahHeh'LOO-eeah:
Quia quern meruisti portare, alleluia, Koo££'ah kooEHM meh-roo-EE-stee
pawr-TAH-reh, ahl-leh-LOO-eeah:
Resurrexit, sicut dixit, alleluia: Reh'Soor'RECK'seet, SEE-koot
DEECK'seet ahMeh-LOO-eeah:
Ora pro nobis Deum, alleluia. AW-rah praw 7S[AW'bees DEH-oom,
ahMeh'LOO-eeah.
SALVE REGINA
Salve, Regina, mater misericordiae: SAHL'veh Reh-JEE-nah MAH-tehr
Mee-seh-ree-CA WR'dee-eh
Vita, dulcedo, et spes nostra, salve. VEE 'tah, dool'TCHEH'daw, EUr
SPEHS NAW'Strah SAHL-veh.
Ad te clamamus, exsules, filii Hevae. AHD TEH clah'MAH-moos, ECK-soo-
lehs, EEE'lee-ee EH-veh.
At te suspiramus, gementes et flentes AHD TEH soo'spee-RAH-moos, jeh-
MEHN'tehs EHT ELEHN'tehs

in hac lacrimarum valle. EEK AHCK lah-kree-MAH-room
VAHL'leh.
Eia ergo, Advocata nostra, illos tuos EH-eeah EHR-gaw, Ahd-vawKAH-tah
NAW'Strah, EEL-laws TOO-aws
misericordes oculos ad nos converte. mee'seh-ree-CAWR'dehs AW-kocK
lawss AHD HAWS kawn-VEHR-
teh.
Et Jesum, benedictum fructum ventris EHT TEH'Soom beh-neh-DEEK-toom

tui, EROOK'toom VEHN'trees TOOêe,
nobis post hoc exsilium ostende. NAW'bees PAWST AWK eck-SEE-
lee'oom avv^-STEHN'deh.
O clemens: O pia: O dulcis Virgo Maria. AW KLEH-mehns, AW PEE-ah, AW
DOOL'chees VEER-gaw mah-REE-
ah.
:
46
APPENDIX
Some Practical Suggestions For Reciting
The Office Well

By O. S. U.
In order to recite the Office well, a good Crescendo, and then to go on from there de'
pronunciation is above all necessary, for it is crescendo to the end of the verse.
the only means of attaining a harmonious These delicate shades of sound, though more
whole. And for this there must be noticeable in singing, can be made in simple
(1) Purity of tone; (2) Uniformity in pro-

recitation. We should at least tend towards
their realisation in order to get a recitation
nunciation and in time, neither hurrying nor
dragging; Uniformity in ceremonies: ris- with some life in it and not too monotonous.
(3)
down, bowing all together; this In the hymns the pace should be a little
ing, sitting
quicker and care must be taken to observe the
alone is a great help to all the rest.
metrical accent which, in the hymns of the
A
good pronunciation is arrived at by the
Little Office, consists of a noticeable, but not
following means:
exaggerated, prolongation of the last accented
Equality of the syllables. In Latin all the
syllable in each line.
syllables have about the same value (time) in
Tliis prolongation is made also, but less
recitation as well as in singing. They should,
markedly (without doubling the value) on the
therefore, all be pronounced distinctly, without
last accented syllable before the asterisk *
either hurrying or dragging. When two vowels
which marks the mediant in the Psalms. The
occur together in a word they must be pro-
prolongation of the metrical accent necessarily
nounced separately (ho^-di^-e^, not ho^-die-).
affects the last syllables of the verse. It is not
Accentuation. Uniformity of pace, once es-
so much a stress as a very slight slowing down
tablished, we must watch carefully over our
of the time; that is to say, it should not give
accentuation, which consists of a light and
the idea of a pause or a stop.
rapid stress on the accented syllable, without
however delaying on it. Raise the accented Of the Rhythm
syllabic, do not crush it. It must not be a
Rhythm is the regulation of movement; and
sudden jerk, but a little push forward, slightly movement includes action motion and rest.
crescendo and rendered more noticeable by the (Do not confuse rest and rests. You rest on
softening of the unaccented syllables which your right foot while you swing the left leg
follow. The accent must not be regarded as forward in order to make a step in advance;
anything forced, but as a slight raising of the and then you rest on your left foot in order
voice. It will then be a real outburst of the to swing the right leg forward for the same
soul, a veritable song; thus keeping something purpose. But you are walking all the time,
of its primitive nature, and giving life to the not reposing.)
recitation or the singing. Rests in music are signs for silence.
Good accentuation will also facilitate uni-
formity, by marking out certain accented syl- Practical Remarks
lables which by their frequent recurrence will Onething above all necessary, is the choice
serve as landmarks, to keep the harmony of of a tone which best suits the Choir. It will
movement. depend on the nature of the voices and will
In Latin the accent is never on the last syl- be the one most suitable to the majority. It
lable. It falls on the first in words of two should be neither too high nor too low, but
syllables, and on the syllable marked with an rather higher than lower, if the tone is to be
accent in words of more than two syllables. kept up well all through the OfRce. This of
In psalmody, whether recited or sung, the ac- course necessitates sustained effort, without
cents are not all equal. The most perfect way which nothing can be done. The time, or pace,
is to begin in such a manner that the strongest neither too slow nor hurried, should be given
accent is the last one before the mediant or out clearly and firmly at the "Deus in adju-
in cadences with two accents, the last two; i.e., torium." This versiclc must be recited or sung
: :
47
without pauses or rests, but simply with the by the amount of impetus given at the be-
mora vocis, or sUght ritardando and diminu' ginning.
endo. A
very ordinary fault, which must
The rests are marked by pauses and it is all
be avoided, is cutting it up into parts. The
know where to place these pauses
important to
Invitatory should be said at a slightly quicker
and how to make them and where to make
pace, but calmly and without hurry. Mark the
them. The effect of pauses made with dis-
great pause well from the very beginning, that
cernment is:
the Choir may take up without hesitation; the
verses of the Psalms must be well accented and (a) To
render the text more intelligible, by
the rhythm well marked. the very fact of the good rhythmic pronuncia-
tion.
The Hymns should move at a brisk pace,
with due regard to the influence of the metrical (b) To make the recitation or the singing
accent. easier and more agreeable by the perfect order-
The Antiphoyis must be recited in perfect ing of motion and rest.
concord, paying attention to the different (c) And at the same time to facilitate the
pauses. blending of the voices when several have to
In the Psalms care must be taken to keep recite or sing together.
up the pitch, avoiding taking up the first syl'
There are several kinds of pauses:
lable after the mediant, and the first one of
the next verse on a lower pitch. (1) The (mora vocis) or simple
smallest
Endeavor to give some life to the psalmody delay of the voice without taking breath.
by good accentuation, graduated according to (2) The little pauses (mora vocis) with a
the rules already given. respiration taken off the value of the doubled
syllable.
The versicles are always recited or sung in
one breath; avoid splitting them up, a very (3) The great pauses, with respiration and
ordinary fault. a silence of one or two beats, over and above
The Lessons must be read or sung calmly, the doubled value of the syllable.
with a very distinct pronunciation and perfect To sum up all that regards the pauses, we
accentuation, noticing all the pauses marked, may say that a silence of one beat must be
and ma\ing them; so that everyone may be observed
able to follow without even looking at the
( 1
) After every intonation.
book.
(2) Before each choir answers the other.
The Responses are made up of two parts:
(a) the body of the Response; (b) the versicle. (3) At the end of each verse of the Psalms.
The body of the Response is again divided by
(4) In the middle and at the end of each
an asterisk, which demands a great pause of strophe of the Hymns. This rest in the middle
two beats. For the versicles, keep to the pauses of the strophe consists in doubling the value
indicated.
of the last (accented) syllable and in adding
The Choir should take up the reply (2nd thereto a time of silence before taking up the
part of the Response) firmly and without hesi- third line.
tation.
(5) Before the Amen said by both choirs
The Prayers need be recited or sung
to at theend of the Hymns. If there is no change
evenly, without hurry, and with good accentua' of Choir, as at the end of the Gloria Patri,
tion, quite unaffectedly, with freedom and the Amen follows straight on without any
ease, but keeping the meaning of the text clear pause.
by exact conformity to the signs. The words
well (but not too much) articulated, the pray
A Silence of 2 heats must be observed at the
asterisk
ers being said by one voice for the whole
(1) In the Invitatory before the reply.
Choir.
In the Psalms at the mediant of each
N. B. —Whether the OfEce be sung or sim-
(2)
verse.
ply recited, and whether entirely or in part
only, all these rules hold good. The only dif- (3) At the Responses, in the middle of the
ference is, that when it is sung, the move- response.
ment will be a little slower and the pauses will Great care must be taken to observe all these
consequently be longer, as they are determined rests perfectly.
(From the Catholic Choirmaster)

Correct Pronunciation of Latin According To Roman Usage

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z^

With Phonetic Arrangements of the Texts of

THE ORDINARY OF THE MASS

HYMNS IN HONOR OF THE BLESSED VIRGIN MARY

Price $1.00 net

It is issued in response to a general demand on the part of scholars,

To Our Dear Son, Louis Dubois

OTHER OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS ON THE ROMAN

Vatican, June 10, 1920.

By this unity of pronunciation of a language so widely known, the people of

6 The Correct Pronunciation of Latin

Vatican, July 31, 1919.

Vatican, September 13, 1919.

of the reception given to the adoption of the Roman pronunciation of Latin in

to me in the letter in question, and His Holiness has commissioned me to inform

aCCORDING to the clearly-expressed wish of our Holy Mother Church our

ONE mayto the

RULES FOR THE CORRECT PRONUNCIATION OF LATIN

8 The Correct Pro n u nc at o m i i of Latin

2. Vowels: The Vowels are 6 in number, viz;.: A, E, I, O, U, Y.

"way," "bay," etc.

I i pronounced like "ee" in meet or "i" in machine. The correct produc

According to Roman Usage 9

Consecutive Vowels Diphthongs Double Vowels

when the consecutive vowels belong to separate syllables.

e U- Qe, * serve bone et fide- lis. qui- a in pau-

Spf- ri-tus, A- qua, et San-guis : et hi

e- jus, quo- ni- am

VOWELS AT THE CONJUNCTION OF WORDS

Examples incorrect correct

According to Roman Usage 13

thongs "ffi," "oe" and "eu."

14 The Correct Pronunciation of Latin

C at the end of a word is generally sounded as K.

According to Roman Usage 15

"RctJCtvt-. tcsini, a-tl^^^-"''"^^'^'^V^yv^ ^-S/vpiCATeJ) i^Cncfijenc sty^^S'Oj. e,f-s ti^^^ tfYMjuJL)

IfVH, De«, Dee. ,

16 The Correct Pronunciatiox of Latin

According to Roman Usage 17

Note: Avoid anticipating the consonant in such words as Amen —AHM-en;

thirds the length of the consonant.

letter coincides with an accented syllable.

should never be given the sound of Z as in raise, praise or da^e.

According to Roman Usage 19

T at the beginning of words is given the same sound as in English. It is articulated

20 The Correct Pronunciation of Latin

On the contrary some prepositions must be jointly pronounced when words

According to Roman Usage 21

Z is pronounced dz,. Examples: Laz^arus — LAH-dzah-roos; — 2,iz<inia dzee-

magnam misericordiam tuam. yahm mee'seh'ree'KAWR'decahm

Vidi Aquam* egredientem de templo a VFF-dee AH-kooahm* eh-greh^dec

Ps. Confitemini Domino quoniam bonus; Ps. Kawn'fee-TEH'mee'nee DAW'mee-

Si'cut erat in principio, et nunc et semper, S££'koot EH-raht EEH preen-CHES-

RESPONSES AFTER THE ASPERGES OR THE VIDI AQUAM

According to Roman Usage 23

GLORIA IN EXCELSIS DEO

RESPONSES BEFORE THE COLLECT AND OTHER PRAYERS

orations.) low the orations.)

24 The Correct Pronunciation of Latin

strahm sah-LOO-tehm, deh-SHEHT^-

According to Roman Usage 25

Et resurrexit tertia die, secundum Scrip' EHT reh'Soor-REHCK'seet TEHR-tsee-

MAWR'too-aws: KOO-yoos REEK"