HIMPUNAN DAN LOGIKA

CRITICAL BOOK REPORT

DOSEN PENGAMPU: MARLINA SETIA SINAGA, M.Si.

DISUSUN OLEH:
4173530009
BEATRICE MARPAUNG
MATEMATIKA NON PENDIDIKAN A 2017

JURUSAN MATEMATIKA
FAKULTAS MATEMATIKA DAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN ALAM
UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MEDAN
2017
 FOREWORD
Praise to the One True God for all His blessings so that this paper can be
arranged until finished. Do not forget I also thank of the lecturer who have
given this assignment and guided in the making of this paper.

In the preparation of this paper, I use read media from the book. For that, I
also thank the various sources that I have used. But I am aware of the many
misconceptions and lack of this paper. Therefore I greatly hope for the
suggestions and constructive criticism of the reader for future improvements.

Finally, I thank you for reading, hopefully this paper will be useful and can
add to our insights.

Medan, 16 October2017

Reviewer
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

Foreword .................................................................................................i

Table of Contents ..................................................................................ii

Chapter 1 Introduction ………………………...................................................1

A. Problem and Motivation ……………………………………..1
B. Aim …………………………………………..........................2
C. Benefits ……………………………………………………...2

Chapter II Contents ……………………………………………………3

Chapter III Discussion………………………………………………….4
A. Book 1 Identity ………………………………………….…...4
B. Book 2 Identity ………………………………………………4
C. Assessment of the first book ……………………………........5
 Excellences ………………………………………...….5
 Deficiencies …………………………………………...5

D. Assessment of the second book ……………………………..5

 Excellences …………………………………………....5
 Deficiencies ……………………...…………………...5
Chapter IV Closing …………………………………………………….6
A. Summary and Recomendation
 Chapter 1
Introduction

A. Problem and Motivation

Most of our daily activities are carried on without reflection, and it
seldom occurs to us to question that which generally passes as true. We
cannot , however, always remain in state of unquestioned belief. For our
habitual attitudes are frequently challenged by unexpected changes in our
environment, if they aren’t challenged by our own curiosity or by the
inquisitiveness of others.
Let us suppose the reader to be seated at his table some late after noon.
The gathering darkness is making his reading difficult. Ordinarily, he
would turn on the electric light near him and continue to read. But on his
occasion, we suppose, the shade of Socrates suddenly appears to the busy
reader, just as his hand is on the switch and ask him to tell what he’s
doing. The reader has stout nerves and quickly recovering from his
surprise, explains, “I wish to put on the light and this is the switch. Since
your day…” “Yes, yes,” We can imagine the shade to interrupt, “I know
all about your modern methods and theories of lightning. You needn’t
take time to tell me about that. But I do wish you would tell me how you
know that it’s the electric switch just pointing to.”
What is interest to us in this imaginary dialogue is that a doubt, however
slight, might be raised in the reader’s mind about a proposition. That is
the electric switch, which had previously been accepted without question
and the doubt might be resolved by claiming that any evidence besides
seeing was superfluous. There are other propositions for which it would
be difficult to find.
B. Aim
To recognize the general need of evidence for what we or others believe
or question, and be able to called upon to pass on diverse considerations
offered in support of various propositions at issue.

C. Benefits

To see the possibilities about propositions and teach us to be able to find

more evidence in favor of a proposition and against it and act
affirmatively only if there is no reasonable doubt left.
 Chapter 2
Contents

There are propositions, therefore, which we believe to be true because we can find
some other propositions of whose truth we have no doubt and which we think will
serve very well as evidence for the disputed proposition. “There will be an eclipse
of the sun next year in North America,” This is one of the kind of proposition in
whose truth we may believe because we think others, if not we ourselves, can find
supporting propositions for them.

The distinction between propositions which are believed without grounds other
than direct observation or apprehension and propositions which are believed
because other propositions can be found to serve as evidence for them, cannot
always drawn very sharply. We sometimes believe a proposition to be truly partly
because we can make direct observations and can find supporting propositions.
 Chapter 3
Discussion
A. Book One Identity
Name : An Introduction to Logic
Author : Morris R. Cohen and Ernest Nagel
Publisher : Hackett Publishing
Publish Town : New York
Publish Year : 1993
Edition : Second
Pages : 232 pages
ISBN : 0872201449, 9780872201446

B. Book Two Identity

Name : The Logic Book
Author : Merrie Bergmann, James Moor, and Jake Nelson
Publisher : McGraw Hill
Publish Town : Boston
Publish Year : 2009
Edition : Fifth
Pages : 331 pages
ISBN : 0-07-334314-5
C. Assessment of the first book
 Excellences:
1. This book explain about what is proposition in Logic and give
an example in the first introduction so the readers would be
imagine what is proposition.
2. Explain in detail about proposition and syllogism and give
some examples and persuade the reader to think and interest in
find any arguments about a proposition.
3. Explain the relation between propositions.

 Deficiency:
1. There’s no Bibliography

D. Assessment of the second book

 Excellences:
1. So many Examples of propositions questions
2. Discuss the answer of the propositions

 Deficiency:
1. Only focus on discussing the propositions answer without
explain on detail what is propositions and why and how we do
it.
2. No Bibliography
 Chapter 4
Closing
A. Summary and Recommendation
1. Summary
There are propositions, therefore, which we believe to be true because we
can find some other propositions of whose truth we have no doubt and which
we think will serve very well as evidence for the disputed proposition. We
sometimes believe a proposition to be truly partly because we can make
direct observations and can find supporting propositions.

2. Recommendation
Overall, book one is almost complete, but unfortunately it didn’t
include any bibliography, by write any bibliographies this book might
be a great book.
Book two has so many propositions questions that can make us
understand it by learning from the questions, and book two discuss the
answers and make the reader can even understand it by the answer’s
discussing, but book two didn’t explain in words what is propositions
and also didn’t include any bibliography. By explain a little bit about
proposition by words and put any bibliographies this book might be a
good book.